WO2015182639A1 - 合わせガラス用フィルム及び合わせガラス - Google Patents
合わせガラス用フィルム及び合わせガラス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015182639A1 WO2015182639A1 PCT/JP2015/065187 JP2015065187W WO2015182639A1 WO 2015182639 A1 WO2015182639 A1 WO 2015182639A1 JP 2015065187 W JP2015065187 W JP 2015065187W WO 2015182639 A1 WO2015182639 A1 WO 2015182639A1
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- film
- laminated glass
- refractive index
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- index layer
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laminated glass film and a laminated glass. More specifically, the present invention relates to a laminated glass film having good in-plane uniformity when processed into a laminated glass and having excellent processability for a glass having a curved surface. Moreover, it is related with the laminated glass which comprises it.
- laminated glass having high heat insulating properties or heat ray blocking properties has been distributed in the market for the purpose of shielding the heat felt by sunlight entering from the vehicle window, suppressing the operation of the air conditioner in the vehicle, and saving energy.
- a laminated glass has a laminated glass film disposed between a pair of glass substrates, and the laminated glass film blocks transmission of solar heat rays (infrared rays) to reduce indoor temperature rise and cooling load. .
- Patent Document 1 discloses that an infrared reflecting film formed by laminating dielectrics having different refractive indexes is formed on a plastic film.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a laminated plastic glass with an infrared reflecting film having a heat shrinkage ratio in the range of 0.1 to 3%, and Patent Document 3 further describes a film having a heat shrinkage ratio of 0.8% or less and an intermediate film.
- a laminated glass having a curved surface on which films are laminated is disclosed.
- Patent Document 4 describes that, in a polyester film for laminated glass interlayer film, when the heat shrinkage value of the heat-treated film is too high, wavy defects are generated in the appearance.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems and situations, and the problem to be solved is laminated glass having excellent in-plane uniformity when processed into laminated glass and excellent workability with respect to glass having a curved surface. Is to provide a film. Moreover, it is providing the laminated glass which comprises it.
- the present inventor swells, wrinkles, etc. by setting the ratio of the heat shrinkage ratio of the resin film and the laminated glass film within a specific range
- the present inventors have found that the non-uniform shrinkage within the film, which is considered to be the cause of the phenomenon that impairs the appearance of the film, is suppressed, and that the in-plane uniformity is improved, and the present invention has been achieved.
- a film for laminated glass having an optical functional layer containing a polymer on at least one surface of a resin film, the film having a thermal shrinkage (S 1 ) after being left for 30 minutes in an environment at 130 ° C. And the thermal contraction rate (S 2 ) of the resin film is adjusted so as to satisfy the following formula (I) in either one of the in-plane direction and the direction perpendicular thereto: Film for glass.
- the optical functional layer has a layer formed by alternately laminating a high refractive index layer containing at least metal oxide fine particles and a water-soluble polymer and a low refractive index layer containing at least a water-soluble polymer.
- the film for laminated glass according to any one of items 1 to 4.
- a laminated glass comprising the laminated glass film according to any one of items 1 to 6.
- the laminated glass which comprises it can be provided.
- the laminated glass film is less likely to shrink than the resin film when processing laminated glass with heat.
- the unevenness of shrinkage in the film surface is reduced, and even if the resin film shrinks, the large waviness becomes invisible when laminated glass is used, and the optical functional layer itself does not wobble. It seems that the internal uniformity is improved.
- the laminated glass film of the present invention is a laminated glass film having an optical functional layer containing a polymer on at least one surface of a resin film, and the laminated glass film is allowed to stand for 30 minutes in an environment of 130 ° C.
- the thermal shrinkage rate (S 1 ) of the film and the thermal shrinkage rate (S 2 ) of the resin film are adjusted so as to satisfy the formula (I) in either one of the in-plane direction and the direction perpendicular thereto. It is characterized by being.
- This feature is a technical feature common to the inventions according to claims 1 to 7.
- the laminated glass provided with the laminated glass film is a laminated glass having a curved surface from the viewpoint of manifesting the effects of the present invention.
- the thickness of the optical functional layer and the thickness of the resin film satisfy the formula (II) because in-plane uniformity can be improved.
- the thermal shrinkage rate (S 2 ) of the resin film after being left for 30 minutes in an environment of 130 ° C. is 3.0 in both one direction in the plane and the direction perpendicular thereto. % Is preferably exceeded.
- the optical functional layer is formed by alternately laminating a high refractive index layer containing at least metal oxide fine particles and a water-soluble polymer and a low refractive index layer containing at least a water-soluble polymer. It is preferable to have a layer.
- the film for laminated glass of the present invention can be suitably provided for laminated glass.
- ⁇ is used to mean that the numerical values described before and after it are included as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
- the laminated glass film of the present invention is a laminated glass film having an optical functional layer containing a polymer on at least one surface of a resin film, and the laminated glass film is allowed to stand for 30 minutes in an environment of 130 ° C.
- the thermal shrinkage rate (S 1 ) of the film and the thermal shrinkage rate (S 2 ) of the resin film are adjusted so as to satisfy the following formula (I) both in one direction in the plane and in the direction perpendicular thereto. It is characterized by being.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of the laminated glass of the present invention.
- a laminated glass 1 is composed of a laminated glass film 2 and a pair of glass substrates 8A and 8B that sandwich the laminated glass film 2. Further, the laminated glass film 2 has an infrared reflecting layer 4 in which high refractive index layers 5 and low refractive index layers 6 are alternately laminated on a resin film 3. Furthermore, adhesive layers 7A and 7B are provided on both surfaces of the laminated glass film 2, thereby being bonded to the pair of glass substrates 8A and 8B.
- FIG. 1B shows an example in which the infrared reflective layer 4 is provided only on one side of the resin film 3.
- the film for laminated glass of the present invention has a resin film and an optical functional layer containing a polymer, and satisfies the formula (I), and may contain other constituent layers as necessary.
- the total thickness of the laminated glass film is preferably in the range of 30 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 40 to 150 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 40 to 125 ⁇ m.
- the visible light transmittance measured by JIS R 3106 is preferably 60% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and further preferably 80% or more. Further, it is preferable that the region having a wavelength of 800 to 1400 nm has a region with a reflectance exceeding 50%.
- Laminated glass is manufactured by laminating a laminated glass film having an optical functional layer on a resin film with a pair of glass substrates by heating at a high temperature for 10 to 60 minutes.
- Bonding is usually performed at 100 to 150 ° C.
- the thermal shrinkage rate of each constituent layer such as a resin film used in laminated glass and a layer constituting the optical functional layer, and the difference in thermal shrinkage rate May cause undulations and wrinkles, and the appearance may be impaired.
- the difference in heat shrinkage between adjacent layers is large, other layers cannot follow the layer having a large heat shrinkage, and therefore, in the laminated glass forming process, nonuniform shrinkage occurs in the film due to the difference in heat shrinkage. . For this reason, it is thought that the film for laminated glass bends and causes wrinkles.
- the present inventor swells, wrinkles, etc. by setting the ratio of the heat shrinkage ratio of the resin film and the laminated glass film within a specific range
- the present inventors have found that the non-uniform shrinkage within the film, which is considered to be the cause of the phenomenon that impairs the appearance of the film, is suppressed, and that the in-plane uniformity is improved, and the present invention has been achieved.
- the film for laminated glass is harder to shrink than the resin film, even if the resin film shrinks, its large swell is not visible when it is made into laminated glass, and the optical function layer itself does not swell, so it is in-plane It seems that the uniformity is improved.
- the thermal shrinkage rate (S 2 ) of the resin film after being left for 30 minutes in an environment of 130 ° C. exceeds 3.0% in one direction in the plane and the direction orthogonal thereto. It has been found that it can be easily applied to curved glass. Preferably, it is within the range of 3.1 to 6.0%. This is because if the heat shrinkage rate is within 6.0%, handling during processing becomes easy.
- additives in the resin and film formation conditions are adjusted, particularly the stretching conditions, and the polymer contained in the optical functional layer. It can be achieved by adjusting the kind and amount of addition, and the film forming conditions, particularly by adjusting the stretching conditions.
- the heat shrinkage rate is measured as follows.
- the laminated glass film is stored for 24 hours in an environment of a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 55%
- two marks are made at intervals of 100 mm in the width direction, and the distance L 1 between the two marks is set in an unloaded state. Measure using a microscope or the like.
- the sample is hung in an oven at 130 ° C. and left for 30 minutes.
- the sample is removed from the oven and stored again for 24 hours in an environment at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 55%.
- the distance L 2 between the two indicia of no load samples is measured using a microscope. From the measured distances L 1 and L 2 , the thermal contraction rate of the sample is calculated by the following formula.
- the thermal shrinkage rate of the sample is measured under the same conditions.
- one direction in a film surface and the direction orthogonal to it are the conveyance direction (MD direction) of a support body, and the direction (TD direction) orthogonal to it.
- the resin film used for the laminated glass according to the present invention serves as a support for the laminated glass film.
- the thermal shrinkage rate (S 1 ) of the laminated glass film and the thermal shrinkage rate (S 2 ) of the resin film are both in one direction in the plane and in the direction perpendicular thereto.
- the material, thickness, etc. are set so as to satisfy the formula (I).
- the thicker resin film serves as a support so that the resin film satisfies the formula (I). As long as it is set to.
- the thickness of the resin film according to the present invention is preferably in the range of 30 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 30 to 150 ⁇ m, and most preferably in the range of 35 to 125 ⁇ m. If the thickness is 30 ⁇ m or more, wrinkles during handling are less likely to occur, and if the thickness is 200 ⁇ m or less, the ability to follow the curved glass surface when bonded to glass is improved and wrinkles are less likely to occur. Become.
- the resin film according to the present invention is preferably a biaxially oriented polyester film.
- an unstretched or at least one stretched polyester film can be used as long as the obtained film does not depart from the gist of the present invention.
- a stretched film is preferable from the viewpoint of strength improvement and thermal expansion suppression. In particular, when used as a windshield of an automobile, a stretched film is more preferable.
- the resin film applied to the laminated glass film of the present invention is preferably transparent.
- the visible light transmittance measured by JIS R 3106 is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, and further preferably 90% or more.
- resin films having such characteristics can be used.
- polyolefin film for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.
- polyester film for example, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, etc.
- polyvinyl chloride cellulose triacetate, polyimide, polybutyral film, cycloolefin polymer film, transparent cellulose nano A fiber film or the like
- a polyester film is preferable.
- the polyester film (hereinafter also referred to as polyester) is not particularly limited, but is preferably a polyester having a film-forming property having a dicarboxylic acid component and a diol component as main components.
- the main constituent dicarboxylic acid components include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diphenylsulfone dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid, diphenylethanedicarboxylic acid, Examples thereof include cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl thioether dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl ketone dicarboxylic acid, and phenylindane dicarboxylic acid.
- diol component examples include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyethoxyphenyl) propane, bis ( 4-Hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, bisphenol fluorene hydroxyethyl ether, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, hydroquinone, cyclohexanediol and the like.
- polyesters having these as main components from the viewpoints of transparency, mechanical strength, dimensional stability, etc., dicarboxylic acid components such as terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diol components such as ethylene glycol and 1 Polyester having 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol as the main constituent is preferred.
- polyesters mainly composed of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, copolymerized polyesters composed of terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol, and mixtures of two or more of these polyesters are mainly used. Polyester as a constituent component is preferable.
- the resin film according to the present invention may contain particles under conditions that do not impair transparency in order to facilitate handling.
- particles used in the present invention include inorganic particles such as calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, silica, kaolin, talc, titanium dioxide, alumina, barium sulfate, calcium fluoride, lithium fluoride, zeolite, molybdenum sulfide, and crosslinked polymers. Examples thereof include organic particles such as particles and calcium oxalate.
- Examples of the method of adding particles include a method of adding particles in the resin material as a raw material and a method of adding them directly to an extruder. One of these methods is adopted. Alternatively, two methods may be used in combination.
- additives may be added in addition to the above particles as necessary. Examples of such additives include stabilizers, lubricants, cross-linking agents, anti-blocking agents, antioxidants, dyes, pigments, and ultraviolet absorbers.
- the resin film can be produced by a conventionally known general method.
- an unstretched resin film that is substantially amorphous and not oriented can be produced by melting a resin as a material with an extruder, extruding it with an annular die or a T-die, and quenching.
- the unstretched resin film is uniaxially stretched, tenter-type sequential biaxial stretching, tenter-type simultaneous biaxial stretching, tubular-type simultaneous biaxial stretching, or other known methods such as resin film flow (MD) direction or resin.
- a stretched resin film can be produced by stretching in a direction perpendicular to the film flow direction (TD).
- the draw ratio in this case can be appropriately selected according to the resin that is the raw material of the resin film, but is preferably 2 to 10 times in the MD direction and TD direction, respectively.
- the resin film may be subjected to relaxation treatment or offline heat treatment in terms of dimensional stability.
- “Relaxing” refers to an operation in which both ends of a film are conveyed while being held by clips and the film is relaxed in at least one direction selected from the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction to relieve stress.
- the relaxation treatment is preferably carried out in the process from the heat setting in the stretching process of the polyester film to the winding in the transversely stretched tenter or after exiting the tenter.
- the relaxation treatment is preferably performed at a treatment temperature of 80 to 200 ° C., more preferably a treatment temperature of 100 to 180 ° C.
- the relaxation rate is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10% in both the longitudinal direction and the width direction, and more preferably, the relaxation rate is 2 to 6%.
- the relaxed resin film is subjected to the following off-line heat treatment to improve the heat resistance and to improve the dimensional stability.
- the resin film is preferably applied with an undercoat layer coating solution in-line on one or both sides during the film formation process.
- undercoating during the film forming process is referred to as in-line undercoating.
- resins used in the undercoat layer coating solution useful in the present invention include polyester resins, acrylic-modified polyester resins, polyurethane resins, acrylic resins, vinyl resins, vinylidene chloride resins, polyethyleneimine vinylidene resins, polyethyleneimine resins, and polyvinyl alcohol resins. , Modified polyvinyl alcohol resin, gelatin and the like, and any of them can be preferably used.
- a conventionally well-known additive can also be added to these undercoat layers.
- the undercoat layer can be coated by a known method such as roll coating, gravure coating, knife coating, dip coating or spray coating.
- the coating amount of the undercoat layer is preferably about 0.01 to 2 g / m 2 (dry state).
- the optical functional layer according to the present invention is a layer having a function of controlling optical characteristics, and is not particularly limited, but can be preferably used as an optical reflective layer that selectively transmits or shields light of a specific wavelength. .
- it can be preferably applied as an infrared reflective film that transmits or shields light having a wavelength in the visible region to the infrared region.
- a layer that selectively transmits or shields light of a specific wavelength As a layer that selectively transmits or shields light of a specific wavelength, a low refractive index layer and a high refractive index layer are alternately stacked, and a layer that reflects only light having a wavelength according to the layer thickness (multilayer film) And a layer that absorbs a specific wavelength with a dye or pigment.
- the optical functional layer preferably has a layer (hereinafter also referred to as a laminate) in which a high refractive index layer containing a polymer and a low refractive index layer are alternately laminated.
- the laminated glass film having such a structure can be preferably used as an infrared reflective film. That is, the optical functional layer is preferably an infrared reflective layer.
- the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer are considered as follows.
- a component constituting a high refractive index layer hereinafter referred to as “high refractive index layer component”
- a component constituting a low refractive index layer hereinafter referred to as “low refractive index layer component”
- a layer (mixed layer) including a refractive index layer component and a low refractive index layer component may be formed.
- a set of portions where the high refractive index layer component is 50% by mass or more is defined as a high refractive index layer
- a set of portions where the low refractive index layer component exceeds 50% by mass is defined as a low refractive index layer.
- the low refractive index layer contains, for example, a first metal oxide as a low refractive index component
- the high refractive index layer contains a second metal oxide as a high refractive index component
- the metal oxide concentration profile in the thickness direction in these laminated films is measured, and can be regarded as a high refractive index layer or a low refractive index layer depending on the composition.
- the metal oxide concentration profile of the laminated film is sputtered from the surface in the depth direction using a sputtering method, and is sputtered at a rate of 0.5 nm / min using the XPS surface analyzer with the outermost surface being 0 nm. It can be observed by measuring the atomic composition ratio. Also, a laminate in which metal oxide particles are not contained in the low refractive index component or the high refractive index component, and one of the high refractive index layer or the low refractive index layer is formed only from a water-soluble polymer (organic binder).
- each layer etched by sputtering can be regarded as a high refractive index layer or a low refractive index layer.
- the reflective layer may have any structure having at least one laminate in which a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer containing a polymer are alternately laminated on a laminated glass film.
- the upper limit of the total number of low refractive index layers is preferably 100 layers or less, that is, 50 units or less.
- the film for laminated glass of the present invention may have a structure having at least one laminate on the resin film.
- both the outermost layer and the lowermost layer of the laminate have a high refractive index layer or a low refractive index.
- a laminated film as a layer may be used, it is preferable that both the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer are low refractive index layers.
- the uppermost layer is a low refractive index layer, the coating property is improved, and when the lowermost layer is a low refractive index layer, it is preferable from the viewpoint of improving adhesion.
- the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is preferably 1.70 to 2.50, more preferably 1.80 to 2.20, and still more preferably 1.90 to 2. .20.
- the low refractive index layer of the present invention preferably has a refractive index of 1.10 to 1.60, more preferably 1.30 to 1.55, and further preferably 1.30 to 1.50. preferable.
- the difference in refractive index between the adjacent high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer is preferably 0.1 or more, more preferably It is 0.3 or more, more preferably 0.4 or more.
- the difference in refractive index between the adjacent high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer is preferably 0.1 or more.
- the outermost layer and the lowermost layer may be configured outside the above requirements.
- the reflectance in a specific wavelength region is determined by the difference in refractive index between two adjacent layers (high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer) and the number of layers, and the larger the refractive index difference, the same reflectance can be obtained with a smaller number of layers. .
- the refractive index difference and the required number of layers can be calculated using commercially available optical design software. For example, in order to obtain an infrared shielding ratio of 90% or more, if the refractive index difference is smaller than 0.1, it is necessary to laminate more than 100 layers, which not only lowers productivity but also causes scattering at the lamination interface. Increases and decreases transparency. From the viewpoint of improving reflectivity and reducing the number of layers, there is no upper limit to the difference in refractive index, but the limit is substantially about 1.40.
- the refractive index difference is obtained by calculating the refractive index of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer according to the following method, and the difference between the two is defined as the refractive index difference.
- each refractive index layer is produced as a single layer, and after cutting this sample into 10 cm ⁇ 10 cm, the refractive index is determined according to the following method. Using a U-4000 type (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) as a spectrophotometer, the surface opposite to the measurement surface (back surface) of each sample is roughened, and then light absorption is performed with a black spray. Then, the reflection of light on the back surface is prevented, and the reflectance in the visible light region (400 to 700 nm) is measured at 25 points under the condition of regular reflection at 5 degrees to obtain an average value, and the average refractive index is determined from the measurement result. Ask.
- the terms “high refractive index layer” and “low refractive index layer” refer to a refractive index layer having a higher refractive index when comparing the refractive index difference between two adjacent layers. It means that the lower refractive index layer is a low refractive index layer. Therefore, the terms “high refractive index layer” and “low refractive index layer” are the same when each refractive index layer constituting the light reflecting film is focused on two adjacent refractive index layers. All forms other than those having a refractive index are included.
- the transmittance in the visible light region measured by JIS R 3106 is 60% or more, and the reflectance exceeds 50% in the wavelength region of 800 to 1400 nm. It is preferable to have a region.
- the thickness of the refractive index layer per layer is preferably 20 to 1000 nm, and more preferably 50 to 500 nm.
- the optical functional layer according to the present invention contains a polymer.
- the low-refractive index layer and the high-refractive index layer constituting the reflective layer of the multilayer film essentially contain a polymer.
- a film forming method such as coating or spin coating can be selected. Since these methods are simple and do not ask the heat resistance of a base material, there are many choices, and it can be said that it is an effective film forming method particularly for a resin base material. For example, a mass production method such as a roll-to-roll method can be adopted for the coating type, which is advantageous in terms of cost and process time.
- a film containing a polymer has high flexibility, even if it is wound during production or transportation, these defects are not easily generated, and there is an advantage that the handling property is excellent.
- the polymer contained in the high refractive index layer preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of polyester, polycarbonate, and poly (meth) acrylate because of good film formability.
- the polymer constituting the refractive index layer may be one type or two or more types.
- the content of the polyester, polycarbonate, and poly (meth) acrylate in the polymer is preferably 60 to 100% by mass, more preferably 80 to 100% by mass with respect to the total mass of the polymer. preferable.
- Polyester has a structure obtained by polycondensation of a dicarboxylic acid component and a diol component.
- the polyester may be a copolymer.
- polyesters that can be used include polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and its isomers (for example, 2,6-, 1,4-, 1,5-, 2,7-, and 2,3 of the naphthalene ring).
- PEN bonded at the -position
- polyalkylene terephthalates for example, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and poly-1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate
- polyethylene diphenylate and the like.
- polyalkylene terephthalate and polyalkylene naphthalate are preferable, polyalkylene terephthalate is more preferable, and polyethylene More preferred is terephthalate.
- polycarbonate examples include aromatic polycarbonates based on bisphenols (such as bisphenol A) and aliphatic polycarbonates such as diethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate.
- Poly (meth) acrylate is a polymer of acrylic acid ester or methacrylic acid ester, and examples thereof include polymethyl methacrylate and polyethyl methacrylate.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyester, polycarbonate and poly (meth) acrylate contained in the high refractive index layer is about 10,000 to 1,000,000, preferably 50,000 to 800,000.
- the value measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is employ
- the high refractive index layer may contain other polymers other than polyester, polycarbonate, and poly (meth) acrylate.
- examples of the other polymer include polymers listed as polymers used in the following low refractive index layer.
- the polymer contained in the low refractive index layer is not particularly limited.
- polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and its isomers for example, 2,6-, 1,4-, 1, naphthalene ring) PEN bonded at 5-, 2,7-, and 2,3-positions
- polyalkylene terephthalates eg, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and poly-1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate
- polyimide E.g., polyacrylimide
- polyetherimide atactic polystyrene
- polycarbonate polymethacrylate (e.g., polyisobutyl methacrylate, polypropyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, and polymethyl methacrylate)
- poly ( ) Acrylates eg, polybutyl acrylate and polymethyl acrylate
- cellulose derivatives eg,
- a copolymer for example a copolymer of PEN (for example 2,6-, 1,4-, 1,5-, 2,7- and / or 2,3-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid or an ester thereof; Acid or ester thereof, (b) isophthalic acid or ester thereof, (c) phthalic acid or ester thereof, (d) alkane glycol, (e) cycloalkane glycol (for example, cyclohexanedimethanol diol), (f) alkanedicarboxylic acid And / or (g) a copolymer with a cycloalkanedicarboxylic acid (eg, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid), a copolymer of a polyalkylene terephthalate (eg, terephthalic acid or an ester thereof, and (a) a naphthalenedicarboxylic acid or an ester thereof, (b ) Isophthalic acid or its Telluri
- the polymer material contained in the low refractive index layer is preferably poly (meth) acrylate, polyalkylene polymer, cellulose derivative or the like from the viewpoint of the infrared shielding effect.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polymer contained in the low refractive index layer is about 10,000 to 1,000,000, preferably 50,000 to 800,000.
- the value measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is employ
- the polymer content in the low refractive index layer is 50 to 100% by mass, more preferably 70 to 100% by mass, based on the total solid content of the low refractive index.
- the polymer contained in the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer preferably contains at least one water-soluble polymer.
- the water-soluble polymer can be used without particular limitation as long as a layer containing metal oxide fine particles can be formed.
- the water-soluble polymer is preferably a polyvinyl alcohol resin, gelatin, celluloses, thickening polysaccharides, a polymer having a reactive functional group, or the like.
- polyvinyl alcohol-based resins are particularly preferable in terms of infrared reflectance.
- a curing agent in order to cure the water-soluble polymer.
- Polyvinyl alcohol resin examples include various modified polyvinyl alcohols in addition to ordinary polyvinyl alcohol obtained by hydrolyzing polyvinyl acetate.
- Polyvinyl alcohol obtained by hydrolyzing vinyl acetate preferably has an average degree of polymerization of 1000 or more, and particularly preferably has an average degree of polymerization of 1500 to 5000 (high refractive index layer: PVA-124, degree of polymerization). 2400, saponification degree 88 mol%, low refractive index layer :). The degree of saponification is preferably 70 to 100%, particularly preferably 80 to 99.9%.
- modified polyvinyl alcohol examples include cation-modified polyvinyl alcohol, anion-modified polyvinyl alcohol, nonion-modified polyvinyl alcohol, and vinyl alcohol polymers.
- vinyl acetate resins for example, “Exeval” manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.
- polyvinyl acetal resins obtained by reacting polyvinyl alcohol with aldehydes for example, “ESREC” manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Modified polyvinyl alcohol for example, “R-1130” manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.
- modified polyvinyl alcohol resin having an acetoacetyl group in the molecule for example, “Gosefimer (registered trademark) Z / WR series ”
- Gosefimer (registered trademark) Z / WR series ” examples of the modified polyvinyl alcohol resin.
- Anion-modified polyvinyl alcohol is described in, for example, polyvinyl alcohol having an anionic group as described in JP-A-1-206088, JP-A-61-237681 and JP-A-63-307979.
- examples thereof include a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and a vinyl compound having a water-soluble group, and modified polyvinyl alcohol having a water-soluble group as described in JP-A-7-285265.
- Nonionic modified polyvinyl alcohol includes, for example, a polyvinyl alcohol derivative in which a polyalkylene oxide group is added to a part of vinyl alcohol as described in JP-A-7-9758, and JP-A-8-25795.
- Examples of the cation-modified polyvinyl alcohol include a primary to tertiary amino group or a quaternary ammonium group as described in JP-A No. 61-10483, and the main chain or side chain of the polyvinyl alcohol.
- Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a cationic group include trimethyl- (2-acrylamido-2,2-dimethylethyl) ammonium chloride and trimethyl- (3-acrylamido-3,3-dimethylpropyl) ammonium chloride.
- the ratio of the cation-modified group-containing monomer of the cation-modified polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 0.1 to 10 mol%, more preferably 0.2 to 5 mol%, relative to vinyl acetate.
- vinyl alcohol polymer examples include EXEVAL (trade name: manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) and Nichigo G polymer (trade name: manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
- the above water-soluble polymer may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the water-soluble polymer may be a synthetic product or a commercially available product.
- the weight average molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 1,000 to 200,000, more preferably 3000 to 60,000.
- the value measured by a static light scattering method, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), TOFMASS, or the like is adopted as the value of “weight average molecular weight”.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- TOFMASS TOFMASS
- the content of the water-soluble polymer in the low refractive index layer is preferably 5 to 75% by mass and more preferably 10 to 70% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total solid content of the low refractive index layer. .
- the content of the water-soluble polymer is 5% by mass or more, when the low refractive index layer is formed by a wet film forming method, the film surface is not transparent when the coated film is dried. It is preferable because deterioration can be prevented.
- the content of the water-soluble polymer is 75% by mass or less, the content is suitable when metal oxide particles are contained in the low refractive index layer, and the refractive index between the low refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer This is preferable because the rate difference can be increased.
- content of water-soluble polymer is calculated
- the water-soluble polymer is polyvinyl alcohol. It can be determined that there is.
- the metal oxide fine particles used in the refractive index layer together with the water-soluble polymer may use the first metal oxide fine particles for the high refractive index layer and the second metal oxide fine particles for the low refractive index layer. It is preferable for adjusting the refractive index.
- first metal oxide particles As the first metal oxide particles applicable to the high refractive index layer, metal oxide particles having a refractive index of 2.0 or more and 3.0 or less are preferable. More specifically, for example, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide, synthetic amorphous silica, colloidal silica, alumina, colloidal alumina, lead titanate, red lead, yellow lead, zinc yellow, chromium oxide, oxidized oxide Examples thereof include ferric iron, iron black, copper oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, strontium titanate, yttrium oxide, niobium oxide, europium oxide, lanthanum oxide, zircon, and tin oxide. In addition, composite oxide particles composed of a plurality of metals, core / shell particles whose metal structure changes into a core / shell shape, and the like can also be used.
- the high refractive index layer according to the present invention includes metal oxide fine particles having a high refractive index such as titanium and zirconium, that is, at least titanium oxide fine particles. Alternatively, it is preferable to contain either zirconia oxide fine particles. Among these, titanium oxide is more preferable from the viewpoint of the stability of the coating liquid for forming the high refractive index layer.
- the rutile type tetragonal type
- the weather resistance of the high refractive index layer and adjacent layers is higher, and the refractive index is higher. To more preferable.
- the interaction between the silicon-containing hydrated oxide of the shell layer and the first water-soluble polymer increases the high refractive index layer. From the effect of suppressing interlayer mixing between the refractive index layer and the adjacent layer, core / shell particles in which titanium oxide particles are coated with a silicon-containing hydrated oxide are more preferable.
- the aqueous solution containing titanium oxide particles used for the core of the core-shell particle according to the present invention has an aqueous titanium oxide sol having a pH in the range of 1.0 to 3.0 and a positive zeta potential of the titanium particles. It is preferable to use a surface which is made hydrophobic and dispersible in an organic solvent.
- the content of the first metal oxide particles is preferably 15 to 80% by mass with respect to the solid content of 100% by mass of the high refractive index layer from the viewpoint of imparting a refractive index difference from the low refractive index layer. . Furthermore, it is more preferably 20 to 77% by mass, and further preferably 30 to 75% by mass.
- the content when the metal oxide particles other than the core / shell particles are contained in the high refractive index layer according to the present invention is particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention can be obtained. It is not a thing.
- the volume average particle diameter of the first metal oxide particles applied to the high refractive index layer is preferably 30 nm or less, more preferably 1 to 30 nm, and more preferably 5 to 15 nm. Is more preferable.
- a volume average particle size of 1 nm or more and 30 nm or less is preferable from the viewpoint of low haze and excellent visible light transmittance.
- silica silicon dioxide
- specific examples thereof include synthetic amorphous silica and colloidal silica.
- hollow fine particles having pores inside the particles can be used as the second metal oxide particles applied to the low refractive index layer.
- the second metal oxide particles (preferably silicon dioxide) applied to the low refractive index layer preferably have an average particle size in the range of 3 to 100 nm.
- the average particle diameter of primary particles of silicon dioxide dispersed in a primary particle state is more preferably 3 to 50 nm, and further preferably 3 to 40 nm. It is particularly preferably 3 to 20 nm, and most preferably 4 to 10 nm.
- grains it is preferable from a viewpoint with few hazes and excellent visible light transmittance
- the average particle diameter of the second metal oxide fine particles applied to the low refractive index layer is determined by observing the particles themselves or the particles appearing on the cross section or surface of the refractive index layer with an electron microscope, and the particle diameter of 1000 arbitrary particles. Is obtained as a simple average value (number average).
- the particle size of each particle is represented by a diameter assuming a circle equal to the projected area.
- the colloidal silica used in the present invention is obtained by heating and aging a silica sol obtained by metathesis with an acid of sodium silicate or the like and passing through an ion exchange resin layer.
- colloidal silica may be a synthetic product or a commercially available product.
- the surface of the colloidal silica may be cation-modified, or may be treated with Al, Ca, Mg, Ba or the like.
- Hollow particles can also be used as the second metal oxide particles applied to the low refractive index layer.
- the average particle pore size is preferably 3 to 70 nm, more preferably 5 to 50 nm, and even more preferably 5 to 45 nm.
- the average particle pore diameter of the hollow particles is the average value of the inner diameters of the hollow particles.
- the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is sufficiently lowered.
- the average particle diameter is 50 or more at random, which can be observed as an ellipse in a circular, elliptical or substantially circular shape by electron microscope observation. Is obtained.
- the average particle hole diameter means the smallest distance among the distances between the outer edges of the hole diameter that can be observed as a circle, an ellipse, or a substantially circle or ellipse, between two parallel lines.
- the second metal oxide particles applied to the low refractive index layer may be surface-coated with a surface coating component.
- the content of the second metal oxide particles in the low refractive index layer is preferably 0.1 to 70% by mass, and preferably 30 to 70% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the solid content of the low refractive index layer. More preferably, it is more preferably 45 to 65% by mass.
- a curing agent in order to cure the water-soluble polymer.
- a curing agent is not particularly limited as long as it causes a curing reaction with the water-soluble polymer.
- boric acid and its salt are preferable as the curing agent.
- known ones can be used, and in general, a compound having a group capable of reacting with polyvinyl alcohol or a compound that promotes the reaction between different groups possessed by polyvinyl alcohol. Select and use.
- the curing agent include, for example, an epoxy curing agent (for example, diglycidyl ethyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-diglycidyl cyclohexane, N, N— Diglycidyl-4-glycidyloxyaniline, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, glycerol polyglycidyl ether, etc.), aldehyde curing agents (eg, formaldehyde, glioxal, etc.), active halogen curing agents (eg, 2,4-dichloro-4-hydroxy) -1,3,5-s-triazine, etc.), active vinyl compounds (for example, 1,3,5-trisacryloyl-hexahydro-s-triazine, bisvinylsulfonylmethyl ether, etc.), aluminum alum and the like.
- Boric acid and salts thereof refer to oxygen acids and salts thereof having a boron atom as a central atom, specifically, orthoboric acid, diboric acid, metaboric acid, tetraboric acid, pentaboric acid, and octaboron. Examples include acids and their salts.
- the content of the curing agent is preferably 1 to 10% by mass, and more preferably 2 to 6% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the solid content of the low refractive index layer.
- the total amount of the curing agent used is preferably 1 to 600 mg per 1 g of polyvinyl alcohol, more preferably 100 to 600 mg per 1 g of polyvinyl alcohol.
- a surfactant for example, a surfactant, a dispersion aid, an ultraviolet absorber, a pH adjuster, an antifoaming agent, an antistatic agent, a matting agent, etc.
- Various additives can be used.
- the content of the additive in the high refractive index layer is preferably 0 to 20% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the solid content of the high refractive index layer.
- a known method can be used as a method for forming the reflective layer.
- the polymer is a water-soluble polymer, it is preferably formed by applying a wet coating method.
- a production method including a step of wet-coating the coating solution and the coating solution for the low refractive index layer containing the water-soluble polymer and the second metal oxide particles is preferable.
- optical functional layer that absorbs specific light with dyes and pigments An infrared absorption layer will be described as an example of an optical functional layer that absorbs a specific wavelength with a dye or pigment.
- Examples of materials contained in the infrared absorbing layer include polymers such as ultraviolet curable resins, photopolymerization initiators, and infrared absorbers. It is preferable that the polymer component contained in the infrared absorbing layer is cured. Here, the curing means that the reaction proceeds and cures by active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays or heat.
- UV curable resins are superior in hardness and smoothness to other resins, and are also advantageous from the viewpoint of dispersibility of ITO (tin-doped indium oxide), ATO (antimony-doped tin oxide) and heat conductive metal oxides. is there.
- the ultraviolet curable resin can be used without particular limitation as long as it forms a transparent layer by curing, and examples thereof include silicone resins, epoxy resins, vinyl ester resins, acrylic resins, and allyl ester resins. More preferred is an acrylic resin from the viewpoint of hardness, smoothness and transparency.
- the acrylic resin is a reactive silica particle in which a photosensitive group having photopolymerization reactivity is introduced on its surface as described in International Publication No. 2008/035669 from the viewpoint of hardness, smoothness, and transparency.
- a photopolymerizable photosensitive group include a polymerizable unsaturated group represented by a (meth) acryloyloxy group.
- the ultraviolet curable resin contains a photopolymerizable photosensitive group introduced on the surface of the reactive silica particles and a compound capable of photopolymerization, for example, an organic compound having a polymerizable unsaturated group. There may be.
- a polymerizable unsaturated group-modified hydrolyzable silane reacts with a silica particle that forms a silyloxy group and is chemically bonded to the silica particle by a hydrolysis reaction of the hydrolyzable silyl group.
- the average particle diameter of the reactive silica particles is preferably 0.001 to 0.1 ⁇ m. By setting the average particle diameter in such a range, transparency, smoothness, and hardness can be satisfied in a well-balanced manner.
- the acrylic resin preferably contains fluorine from the viewpoint of adjusting the refractive index. That is, the infrared absorption layer preferably contains fluorine.
- examples of such an acrylic resin include an acrylic resin containing a structural unit derived from a fluorine-containing vinyl monomer.
- fluorine-containing vinyl monomer examples include fluoroolefins (for example, fluoroethylene, vinylidene fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, etc.), (meth) acrylic acid moieties or fully fluorinated alkyl ester derivatives (for example, biscoat 6FM (product) Name, manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and R-2020 (trade name, manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.)), and fully or partially fluorinated vinyl ethers.
- fluoroolefins for example, fluoroethylene, vinylidene fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, etc.
- acrylic acid moieties or fully fluorinated alkyl ester derivatives for example, biscoat 6FM (product) Name, manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and R-2020 (trade name, manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.)
- photopolymerization initiator known ones can be used, and they can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Inorganic infrared absorbers that can be contained in the infrared absorbing layer include ITO, ATO, zinc antimonate, lanthanum hexaboride (LaB 6 ) from the viewpoints of visible light transmittance, infrared absorptivity, dispersibility in the resin, and the like.
- Cesium-containing tungsten oxide (Cs 0.33 WO 3 ) and the like are preferable.
- the average particle size of the inorganic infrared absorber is preferably 5 to 100 nm, more preferably 10 to 50 nm. If the thickness is less than 5 nm, the dispersibility in the resin and the infrared absorptivity are reduced. On the other hand, if it is larger than 100 nm, the visible light transmittance is lowered.
- the average particle size is measured by taking an image with a transmission electron microscope, extracting, for example, 50 particles at random, measuring the particle size, and averaging the results. Moreover, when the shape of particle
- the content of the inorganic infrared absorber in the infrared absorbing layer is preferably 1 to 80% by mass, and more preferably 5 to 50% by mass with respect to the total mass of the infrared absorbing layer. If the content is 1% or more, a sufficient infrared absorption effect appears, and if it is 80% or less, a sufficient amount of visible light can be transmitted.
- Organic infrared absorbing materials include polymethine, phthalocyanine, naphthalocyanine, metal complex, aminium, imonium, diimonium, anthraquinone, dithiol metal complex, naphthoquinone, indolephenol, azo And triallylmethane compounds.
- metal complex compounds aminium compounds (aminium derivatives), phthalocyanine compounds (phthalocyanine derivatives), naphthalocyanine compounds (naphthalocyanine derivatives), diimonium compounds (diimonium derivatives), squalium compounds (squarium derivatives), and the like. Used.
- the infrared absorption layer may contain other infrared absorbers such as metal oxides other than those described above, organic infrared absorbers, metal complexes, and the like within the scope of the effects of the present invention.
- specific examples of such other infrared absorbers include, for example, diimonium compounds, aluminum compounds, phthalocyanine compounds, organometallic complexes, cyanine compounds, azo compounds, polymethine compounds, quinone compounds, diphenylmethane compounds. And triphenylmethane compounds.
- the thickness of the infrared absorbing layer is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 1 to 20 ⁇ m. If it is 0.1 ⁇ m or more, the infrared absorption ability tends to be improved, while if it is 50 ⁇ m or less, the crack resistance of the coating film is improved.
- the method for forming the infrared absorbing layer is not particularly limited.
- a heat insulating layer for the purpose of adding further functions, a heat insulating layer, an antistatic layer, a gas barrier layer, an easy adhesion layer (adhesion layer), an antifouling layer, a deodorizing layer, You may have functional layers, such as a droplet layer, a slippery layer, a hard-coat layer, an abrasion-resistant layer, and an antireflection layer.
- ⁇ Adhesive layer> As for the laminated glass of this invention, it is preferable that an adhesive layer is provided in both surfaces of the film for laminated glasses, and a glass substrate is joined by this.
- the adhesive layer is preferably composed of a pressure-sensitive adhesive, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive is not particularly limited.
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive for example, an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive, a silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive, a urethane pressure-sensitive adhesive, a polyvinyl butyral pressure-sensitive adhesive, ethylene -Examples include vinyl acetate adhesives.
- This adhesive layer contains additives such as stabilizers, surfactants, UV absorbers, flame retardants, antistatic agents, antioxidants, thermal stabilizers, lubricants, fillers, coloring, adhesion modifiers, etc. It can also be made.
- additives such as stabilizers, surfactants, UV absorbers, flame retardants, antistatic agents, antioxidants, thermal stabilizers, lubricants, fillers, coloring, adhesion modifiers, etc.
- an ultraviolet absorber is effective for suppressing deterioration of the infrared shielding film due to ultraviolet rays.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably 1 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 50 ⁇ m. If it is 1 micrometer or more, there exists a tendency for adhesiveness to improve and sufficient adhesive force is acquired. Conversely, if it is 100 ⁇ m or less, not only the transparency of the laminated glass film is improved, but also it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cohesive failure between the adhesive layers when the laminated glass film is attached to a glass substrate and then peeled off. it can.
- the method for forming the adhesive layer on the laminated glass film is not particularly limited.
- the adhesive layer is coated on the laminated glass film using a wire bar or the like.
- the film for laminated glass with an adhesive layer can be produced by drying.
- the glass substrate according to the present invention can be used as the glass substrate according to the present invention.
- the kind of glass is not specifically limited, Usually, soda-lime silica glass is used suitably. In this case, it may be a colorless transparent glass or a colored transparent glass.
- the outdoor glass substrate close to the incident light is preferably colorless transparent glass.
- the glass substrate on the indoor side far from the incident light side is preferably a green colored transparent glass, a dark transparent glass, or a colorless transparent glass.
- the green colored transparent glass preferably has ultraviolet absorption performance and infrared absorption performance.
- the green colored transparent glass is not particularly limited, for example, soda lime silica glass containing iron is preferable.
- a soda lime silica glass containing 0.3 to 1 mass% of total iron in terms of Fe 2 O 3 in a soda lime silica base glass is preferable.
- the mass of FeO (divalent iron) is all in terms of Fe 2 O 3. It is preferably 20 to 40% by mass of iron.
- soda lime silica glass having the following composition substantially. SiO 2 : 65 to 75% by mass, Al 2 O 3 : 0.1 to 5% by mass, Na 2 O + K 2 O: 10 to 18% by mass, CaO: 5 to 15% by mass, MgO: 1 to 6% by mass, terms of Fe 2 O 3 were total iron 0.3 to 1 mass%, the total cerium CeO 2 in terms and / or TiO 2: 0.5 ⁇ 2% by weight.
- the dark transparent glass is not particularly limited, but, for example, soda lime silica glass containing iron at a high concentration is preferable.
- both the indoor side glass substrate and the outdoor side glass substrate have a thickness of 1.5 to 3.0 mm.
- the indoor side glass substrate and the outdoor side glass substrate can have the same thickness or different thicknesses.
- both the indoor side glass substrate and the outdoor side glass substrate may be 2.0 mm thick or 2.1 mm thick.
- the thickness of the indoor glass substrate is less than 2 mm and the thickness of the outdoor glass substrate is slightly over 2 mm, thereby reducing the total thickness of the laminated glass, And it can resist external force from the outside of the vehicle.
- the glass substrate may be flat or curved.
- the laminated glass is preferably a laminated glass having a curved surface. When it has a curved surface, wrinkles and undulations are likely to occur at the end portion of the laminated glass film, but in the present invention, the suppression effect is large, and therefore it can be preferably applied to a laminated glass having a curved surface.
- a curved surface means a surface whose radius of curvature is not infinite.
- the laminated glass having a curved surface means that at least a part of the laminated glass has a curved surface.
- the shape of the indoor side glass substrate and the outdoor side glass substrate is often curved.
- the curved glass plate is obtained by heating soda lime glass by a float method to a temperature equal to or higher than the softening point and then bending, and can be used as a three-dimensional curved glass plate.
- the shape of the three-dimensionally curved glass plate is a glass plate having a different radius of curvature depending on the location, such as a spherical surface, an elliptical spherical surface, or a front glass of an automobile.
- the radius of curvature of the curved glass substrate is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.9 to 3 m. When the radius of curvature is smaller than 0.9 m, wrinkles of the laminated glass film are generally likely to occur in the laminating process, but the occurrence of wrinkles and waviness can be suppressed even when the radius of curvature is less than 0.9 m.
- the laminated glass film is preferably provided on the concave side of the outdoor glass substrate.
- three or more glass substrates can be used as necessary.
- the laminated glass film can be made into a laminated glass by being sandwiched between two glass substrates.
- a method for manufacturing a laminated glass includes a step of manufacturing a laminated body sandwiched between two glass substrates by sandwiching a film for laminated glass between the glass substrates, and heating the laminated body sandwiched between the glass substrates. It is preferable to include the process of joining. As a detailed manufacturing method, a known laminated glass manufacturing method can be appropriately used.
- heat treatment and pressure treatment are repeated several times, and finally, pressure conditions are applied using an autoclave or the like.
- pressure conditions are applied using an autoclave or the like. The method of joining by performing the heat treatment below is used.
- the laminate sandwiched between the glass substrates not in contact with the laminated glass film is pressure-bonded while being heated.
- the laminated body sandwiched between the glass substrates and the glass substrate can be joined by, for example, pre-pressing at a temperature of 80 to 120 ° C. for 30 to 60 minutes under a reduced pressure with a vacuum bag or the like, and thereafter in an autoclave.
- a laminated glass having a laminate sandwiched between two glass substrates can be obtained by bonding at a temperature of 100 to 150 ° C. under a pressure of 1.5 MPa. Moreover, you may bond together using an adhesive material etc. At this time, the time for thermocompression bonding at a temperature of 120 to 150 ° C. under a pressure of 1.0 to 1.5 MPa is preferably 20 to 90 minutes.
- the laminated glass may be obtained by cooling while releasing the pressure as appropriate.
- the temperature while maintaining the pressure from the viewpoint of further improving wrinkles and cracks of the obtained laminated glass.
- decreasing the temperature while maintaining the pressure means decreasing the temperature from the internal pressure of the apparatus at the time of thermocompression bonding (preferably 130 ° C.) so that the internal pressure of the apparatus at 40 ° C. is 75 to 100% of the pressure at the thermocompression bonding It means to do.
- the method of lowering the temperature while maintaining the pressure is not particularly limited as long as the pressure when the temperature is lowered to 40 ° C. is within the above range, but the pressure inside the pressure device naturally decreases as the temperature decreases.
- a mode in which the temperature is lowered without leaking pressure from the inside of the apparatus or a mode in which the temperature is lowered while further pressurizing from the outside so that the internal pressure of the apparatus does not decrease as the temperature decreases is preferable.
- the method for producing the laminated glass includes a step of laminating the constituent layers of the laminated glass, a step of bonding by thermocompression bonding at a temperature of 120 to 150 ° C. under a pressure of 1.0 to 1.5 MPa, It is preferable to include a step of lowering the temperature while holding the pressure and a step of releasing the pressure.
- a coating solution for a low refractive index layer was prepared. Specifically, 400 parts colloidal silica (10% by mass) (Snowtex OXS; manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 50 parts boric acid aqueous solution (30% by mass), 300 parts polyvinyl alcohol (4% by mass) (JP-45; degree of polymerization: 4500, degree of saponification: 88 mol%; manufactured by Nihon Ventures & Poval Co., Ltd.), 3 parts of surfactant (5% by mass) (Softazolin LSB-R; manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemicals, Inc.) ) was added in this order at 45 ° C. And it finished to 1000 parts with pure water, and prepared the coating liquid for low refractive index layers.
- colloidal silica (10% by mass) Snowtex OXS; manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- boric acid aqueous solution 30% by mass
- 300 parts polyvinyl alcohol (4% by mass) JP-45; degree of polymerization
- ⁇ Preparation of high refractive index layer> Preparation of silica-attached titanium dioxide sol 15.0% by mass of titanium oxide sol (SRD-W, volume average particle size: 5 nm, rutile titanium dioxide particles, manufactured by Sakai Chemical Co., Ltd.) is added to 2 parts by mass of pure water and heated to 90 ° C. did.
- silica Titanium dioxide sol (hereinafter referred to as silica) with SiO 2 having a solid content concentration of 6 mass% adhered to the surface by heat treatment at 175 ° C. for 18 hours in an autoclave, cooling, and concentrating with an ultrafiltration membrane.
- Adhesive titanium dioxide sol) (volume average particle size: 9 nm) was obtained.
- the low refractive index layer coating solution and the high refractive index layer coating solution obtained above were kept at 45 ° C. and heated to 45 ° C. (high heat yield of 50 ⁇ m thickness).
- the type polyethylene terephthalate film (described as PET-A in Table 1), 11 layers were simultaneously applied (optical functional layer: thickness 1.50 ⁇ m).
- the lowermost layer and the uppermost layer were low refractive index layers, and other than that, the low refractive index layers and the high refractive index layers were alternately laminated.
- the coating amount was adjusted such that the layer thickness during drying was 150 nm for each low refractive index layer and 120 nm for each high refractive index layer.
- the laminated glass film 2 was produced in the same manner as the laminated glass film 1 except that the optical functional layer was changed to 15 layers (optical functional layer: thickness 2.04 ⁇ m). .
- the laminated glass film 3 was produced in the same manner as the laminated glass film 1 except that the optical functional layer was changed to 21 layers (optical functional layer: thickness 2.85 ⁇ m). .
- “(PMMA (152 nm) / PEN (137 nm)) 64” means that 64 units in which PMMA having a layer thickness of 152 nm and PEN having a layer thickness of 137 nm are stacked in this order are stacked. It is.
- the lowermost layer and the uppermost layer were formed by extruding PET to a thickness of 38 ⁇ m and sandwiching the above configuration. In this way, a laminated glass film 4 having PET layers on both sides of the optical functional layer was produced. Thus, when it has the resin layer of the same thickness on both surfaces of an optical function layer, only the PET layer of one side is handled as the resin film which concerns on this invention. In addition, PET having a changed thickness was used (in Table 1, described as PET-B).
- a laminated glass film 5 was produced in the same manner as the laminated glass film 4 except that the thickness of the lowermost layer and the uppermost PET layer was changed to 12 ⁇ m.
- a laminated glass film 7 was produced in the same manner as the laminated glass film 4 except that the thickness of the lowermost layer and the uppermost PET layer was changed to 5 ⁇ m.
- a laminated glass film 8 was produced in the same manner as the laminated glass film 3 except that the resin film was changed to the following PET-1.
- a laminated glass film 9 was produced in the same manner as the laminated glass film 3 except that the resin film was changed to the following PET-2.
- the laminated glass film 10 was produced in the same manner as the laminated glass film 5 except that the uppermost layer and the lowermost PET layer were changed to the following PET-2.
- a laminated glass film 12 was produced in the same manner as the laminated glass film 3 except that the resin film was changed to the following PET-4 in the production of the laminated glass film 3.
- the laminated glass film 14 was prepared in the same manner as the laminated glass film 13 except that the resin film was changed to Cosmo Shine A4300 (50 ⁇ m thick polyethylene terephthalate film; manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.). Was made.
- PET-A as a transparent resin film is washed and dried, set in a sputter deposition apparatus, and 10 TiO 2 films with a film thickness of 110 nm as a high refractive index layer and a film thickness as a low refractive index layer are formed on the surface.
- a laminated glass film 15 was produced by alternately laminating 10 layers of 140 nm SiO 2 films to form an infrared reflective layer.
- PET-1 to 4 were prepared so as to have the following heat shrinkage rate.
- the thermal shrinkage rate was adjusted by changing the draw ratio in the MD direction and the TD direction, respectively.
- PET-1 Heat shrinkage MD direction: 2.80%, TD direction: 2.70%)
- PET-2 Heat shrinkage MD direction: 3.30%, TD direction: 3.20%)
- PET-3 Heat shrinkage MD direction: 4.60%, TD direction: 4.50%)
- PET-4 Heat shrinkage MD direction: 5.40%, TD direction: 5.30%)
- the thermal shrinkage rate of the resin film (polyethylene terephthalate film) used for the laminated glass films 1 to 15 was measured as follows. After the resin film is stored for 24 hours in an environment of a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 55%, two marks are made at intervals of 100 mm in the width direction, and the distance L 1 between the two marks is measured with a microscope or the like under no load. Use to measure. Subsequently, the sample is hung in an oven at 130 ° C. and left for 30 minutes. After 30 minutes, the sample is removed from the oven and stored again for 24 hours in an environment at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 55%. Then, the distance L 2 between the two indicia of no load samples is measured using a microscope. From measured distances L 1 and L 2, to calculate the heat shrinkage ratio of the resin film by the following equation.
- Thermal contraction rate (%) ((L 1 ⁇ L 2 ) / L 1 ) ⁇ 100
- the heat shrinkage rates of the laminated glass films 1 to 15 were calculated in the same manner.
- MD direction transport direction
- TD lateral direction
- the infrared transmittance (800 to 1400 nm) in the region of 300 nm to 2000 nm of each laminated glass was measured using a spectrophotometer (using an integrating sphere, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd., U-4000 type).
- the laminated glass films 1 to 12 of the present invention have better in-plane uniformity when processed into a laminated glass than the laminated glass films 13 to 15 of the comparative example, and have a curved surface. It can be seen that it has excellent processability. Moreover, when it applies to an infrared reflective film, it has a high infrared reflectance and it turns out that it is useful as an infrared reflective film.
- the laminated glass film of the present invention can provide a laminated glass film having good in-plane uniformity when processed into a laminated glass and having excellent processability for a glass having a curved surface. Moreover, the laminated glass which comprises it can be provided.
Abstract
Description
2.前記合わせガラス用フィルムを具備する合わせガラスが、曲面を有する合わせガラスであることを特徴とする第1項に記載の合わせガラス用フィルム。
4.130℃の環境下、30分放置した後の前記樹脂フィルムの熱収縮率(S2)が、面内の一方向とそれに直交する方向のいずれにおいても、3.0%を超えていることを特徴とする第1項から第3項までのいずれか一項に記に記載の合わせガラス用フィルム。
本発明の合わせガラス用フィルムは、樹脂フィルムの少なくとも一方の面にポリマーを含む光学機能層を有する合わせガラス用フィルムであって、130℃の環境下、30分放置した後の、前記合わせガラス用フィルムの熱収縮率(S1)と前記樹脂フィルムの熱収縮率(S2)が、それぞれ、面内の一方向とそれに直交する方向のいずれにおいても、下記式(I)を満たすように調整されていることを特徴とする。
はじめに、図1を参照して、光学機能層が赤外線反射層である場合の、本発明の合わせガラス用フィルムと合わせガラスの基本的な構成について説明する。
本発明において、熱収縮率の測定は以下のように行う。
樹脂フィルムの熱収縮率についても同様に算出する。
本発明に係る合わせガラスに用いられる樹脂フィルムは、合わせガラス用フィルムの支持体としての役割を果たす。本発明に係る樹脂フィルムは、合わせガラス用フィルムの熱収縮率(S1)と前記樹脂フィルムの熱収縮率(S2)が、それぞれ、面内の一方向とそれに直交する方向のいずれにおいても、前記式(I)を満たすように、材料や厚さ等が設定されているものである。
本発明に係る光学機能層は、光学的な特性を制御する機能を有する層であり、特に限定されないが、特定の波長の光を選択的に透過又は遮蔽する光学反射層として好ましく用いることができる。特に可視領域から赤外線領域の波長の光を透過又は遮蔽する赤外線反射フィルムとして好ましく適用できる。
本発明において、合わせガラス用フィルムにおいて、光学機能層が、ポリマーを含む高屈折率層と、低屈折率層とが交互に積層された層(以下積層体ともいう。)を有することが好ましい。このような構成の合わせガラス用フィルムは赤外線反射フィルムとして好ましく用いることができる。すなわち、光学機能層が、赤外線反射層であることが好ましい。
本明細書において、「高屈折率層」及び「低屈折率層」なる用語は、隣接した2層の屈折率差を比較した場合に、屈折率が高い方の屈折率層を高屈折率層とし、低い方の屈折率層を低屈折率層とすることを意味する。したがって、「高屈折率層」及び「低屈折率層」なる用語は、光反射フィルムを構成する各屈折率層において、隣接する2つの屈折率層に着目した場合に、各屈折率層が同じ屈折率を有する形態以外のあらゆる形態を含むものである。
本発明に係る光学機能層にはポリマーが含まれる。多層膜による反射層を構成する低屈折率層及び高屈折率層は必須にポリマーを含む。屈折率層を形成する材料がポリマーであれば、塗布やスピンコートなどの成膜方法が選択可能となる。これらの方法は簡便であり、基材の耐熱性を問わないので選択肢が広く、特に樹脂基材に対して有効な成膜方法といえる。例えば、塗布型ならばロールtoロール法などの大量生産方式が採用でき、コスト面でもプロセス時間面でも有利になる。また、ポリマーを含む膜はフレキシブル性が高いため、生産時や運搬時に巻き取りを行っても、これらの欠陥が発生しづらく、取扱性に優れているという長所がある。
本発明では、別の形態として前記高屈折率層及び前記低屈折率層に含まれるポリマーが、水溶性ポリマーを少なくとも1種含有することが好ましい。この場合、屈折率の調整のために金属酸化物微粒子を用いることが好ましい。すなわち、光学機能層が、少なくとも金属酸化物微粒子と水溶性ポリマーとを含む高屈折率層と、少なくとも水溶性ポリマーを含む低屈折率層とが交互に積層されてなる層を有することが好ましい。このような構成とすることで、赤外線反射率を大きくすることができる。
ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂としては、ポリ酢酸ビニルを加水分解して得られる通常のポリビニルアルコールの他、各種の変性ポリビニルアルコールも含まれる。
水溶性ポリマーとともに屈折率層に用いられる金属酸化物微粒子は、高屈折率層には第1の金属酸化物微粒子が、及び低屈折率層には第2の金属酸化物微粒子が用いられることが屈折率を調整するうえで好ましい。
高屈折率層に適用可能な第1の金属酸化物粒子としては、屈折率が2.0以上、3.0以下である金属酸化物粒子が好ましい。更に、具体的には、例えば、酸化チタン、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化亜鉛、合成非晶質シリカ、コロイダルシリカ、アルミナ、コロイダルアルミナ、チタン酸鉛、鉛丹、黄鉛、亜鉛黄、酸化クロム、酸化第二鉄、鉄黒、酸化銅、酸化マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、チタン酸ストロンチウム、酸化イットリウム、酸化ニオブ、酸化ユーロピウム、酸化ランタン、ジルコン、酸化スズなどが挙げられる。また、複数の金属で構成された複合酸化物粒子やコア・シェル状に金属構成が変化するコア・シェル粒子等を用いることもできる。
低屈折率層に適用する第2の金属酸化物粒子としては、シリカ(二酸化ケイ素)を用いることが好ましく、具体的な例として合成非晶質シリカ、コロイダルシリカ等が挙げられる。また、屈折率をより低減させるためには、低屈折率層に適用する第2の金属酸化物粒子として、粒子の内部に空孔を有する中空微粒子を用いることができる。
本発明においては、水溶性ポリマーを硬化させるため、硬化剤を使用することが好ましい。このような硬化剤としては、当該水溶性ポリマーと硬化反応を起こすものであれば特に制限はない。例えば、水溶性ポリマーとして、ポリビニルアルコールを用いる場合では、硬化剤として、ホウ酸及びその塩が好ましい。ホウ酸及びその塩以外にも公知のものが使用でき、一般的には、ポリビニルアルコールと反応し得る基を有する化合物又はポリビニルアルコールが有する異なる基同士の反応を促進するような化合物であり、適宜選択して用いられる。
本発明に係る高屈折率層及び低屈折率層には、必要に応じて、例えば、界面活性剤、分散助剤、紫外線吸収剤、pH調整剤、消泡剤、帯電防止剤、マット剤等各種の添加剤を用いることができる。また、高屈折率層における添加剤の含有量は、高屈折率層の固形分100質量%に対して、0~20質量%であることが好ましい。
反射層の形成方法は、公知の方法を用いることができる。ポリマーが水溶性ポリマーの場合は湿式塗布方式を適用して形成することが好ましく、更には、本発明に樹脂フィルム上に、水溶性ポリマー及び第1の金属酸化物粒子を含む高屈折率層用塗布液と、水溶性ポリマー及び第2の金属酸化物粒子を含む低屈折率層用塗布液と、を湿式塗布する工程を含む製造方法が好ましい。
染料や顔料によって特定の波長を吸収する光学機能層として、赤外線吸収層を例にして説明する。
本発明に係る合わせガラス用フィルムにおいては、樹脂フィルム上に、さらなる機能の付加を目的として、断熱層、帯電防止層、ガスバリア層、易接着層(接着層)、防汚層、消臭層、流滴層、易滑層、ハードコート層、耐摩耗性層、反射防止層などの機能層を有していても良い。
本発明の合わせガラスは、合わせガラス用フィルムの両面に接着層が設けられ、これによりガラス基板が接合されることが好ましい。
次いで、本発明の合わせガラスに適用されるガラス基板について説明する。
前記合わせガラス用フィルムは、2枚のガラス基板の間に挟んで合わせガラスとすることができる。合わせガラス用の製造方法は、合わせガラス用フィルムを2枚のガラス基板の間に挟み込んでガラス基板に挟持された積層体を製造する工程と、前記ガラス基板に挟持された積層体を加熱しながら接合する工程を含むことが好ましい。詳細な製造方法としては、公知の合わせガラス作製方法を適宜用いることができる。
≪合わせガラス用フィルム1の作製≫
<低屈折率層の作製>
はじめに低屈折率層用塗布液を調製した。具体的には、400部のコロイダルシリカ(10質量%)(スノーテックスOXS;日産化学工業株式会社製)、50部のホウ酸水溶液(30質量%)、300部のポリビニルアルコール(4質量%)(JP-45;重合度:4500、ケン化度:88mol%;日本酢ビ・ポバール株式会社製)、3部の界面活性剤(5質量%)(ソフタゾリンLSB-R;川研ファインケミカル株式会社製)、を45℃この順に添加した。そして、純水で1000部に仕上げ、低屈折率層用塗布液を調製した。
(シリカ付着二酸化チタンゾルの調製)
15.0質量%酸化チタンゾル(SRD-W、体積平均粒径:5nm、ルチル型二酸化チタン粒子、堺化学社製)0.5質量部に純水2質量部を加えた後、90℃に加熱した。次いで、ケイ酸水溶液(ケイ酸ソーダ4号(日本化学社製)をSiO2濃度が0.5質量%となるように純水で希釈したもの)0.5質量部を徐々に添加し、次いでオートクレーブ中、175℃で18時間加熱処理を行い、冷却後、限外濾過膜にて濃縮することにより、固形分濃度が、6質量%のSiO2を表面に付着させた二酸化チタンゾル(以下、シリカ付着二酸化チタンゾル)(体積平均粒径:9nm)を得た。
スライドホッパー塗布装置を用い、上記で得られた低屈折率層用塗布液及び高屈折率層用塗布液を45℃に保温しながら、45℃に加温した樹脂フィルム(厚さ50μmの高熱収タイプポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム;表1ではPET-Aと記載した。)上に、11層同時重層塗布(光学機能層:厚さ1.50μm)を行った。この際、最下層及び最上層は低屈折率層とし、それ以外は低屈折率層及び高屈折率層がそれぞれ交互に積層されるように設定した。塗布量については、乾燥時の層厚が低屈折率層は各層150nm、高屈折率層は各層120nmになるように調節した。
合わせガラス用フィルム1の作製において、光学機能層を15層(光学機能層:厚さ2.04μm)に変更した以外は合わせガラス用フィルム1の作製と同様にして合わせガラス用フィルム2を作製した。
合わせガラス用フィルム1の作製において、光学機能層を21層(光学機能層:厚さ2.85μm)に変更した以外は合わせガラス用フィルム1の作製と同様にして合わせガラス用フィルム3を作製した。
<反射層1の形成>
米国特許第6049419号に記載の溶融押し出し方法に従い、ポリエチレンナフタレート(PEN)TN8065S(帝人化成社製)とポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA)樹脂アクリペットVH(三菱レイヨン社製)とを、300℃に溶融し、押し出しにより積層し、(PMMA(152nm)/PEN(137nm))64/(PMMA(164nm)/PEN(148nm))64となるように縦横約3倍に延伸した後、熱固定、冷却を行って、計128層交互積層した反射層1を得た。ここで、上記層構成において、「(PMMA(152nm)/PEN(137nm))64」とは、層厚152nmのPMMA、層厚137nmのPENをこの順に積層したユニットを64個積層させたという意味である。
合わせガラス用フィルム4の作製において、最下層と最上層のPET層の厚さを12μmに変更した以外は合わせガラス用フィルム4の作製と同様にして合わせガラス用フィルム5を作製した。
合わせガラス用フィルム4の作製において、最下層と最上層のPET層の厚さを6μmに変更した以外は合わせガラス用フィルム4の作製と同様にして合わせガラス用フィルム6を作製した。
合わせガラス用フィルム4の作製において、最下層と最上層のPET層の厚さを5μmに変更した以外は合わせガラス用フィルム4の作製と同様にして合わせガラス用フィルム7を作製した。
合わせガラス用フィルム3の作製において、樹脂フィルムを下記PET-1に変更した以外は合わせガラス用フィルム3の作製と同様にして合わせガラス用フィルム8を作製した。
合わせガラス用フィルム3の作製において、樹脂フィルムを下記PET-2に変更した以外は合わせガラス用フィルム3の作製と同様にして合わせガラス用フィルム9を作製した。
合わせガラス用フィルム5の作製において、最上層と最下層のPET層を下記PET-2に変更した以外は合わせガラス用フィルム5の作製と同様にして合わせガラス用フィルム10を作製した。
合わせガラス用フィルム3の作製において、樹脂フィルムを下記PET-3に変更した以外は合わせガラス用フィルム3の作製と同様にして合わせガラス用フィルム11を作製した。
合わせガラス用フィルム3の作製において、樹脂フィルムを下記PET-4に変更した以外は合わせガラス用フィルム3の作製と同様にして合わせガラス用フィルム12を作製した。
合わせガラス用フィルム3の作製において、樹脂フィルムPET-2を用い、低屈層のコロイダルシリカを除いた以外は合わせガラス用フィルム3の作製と同様にして合わせガラス用フィルム13を作製した。
合わせガラス用フィルム13の作製において、樹脂フィルムをコスモシャインA4300(厚さ50μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム;東洋紡株式会社製)に変更した以外は合わせガラス用フィルム13の作製と同様にして合わせガラス用フィルム14を作製した。
透明樹脂フィルムとしてのPET-Aを洗浄・乾燥し、スパッタ成膜装置にセットして、その表面に、高屈折率層として膜厚110nmのTiO2膜を10層、低屈折率層として膜厚140nmのSiO2膜を10層交互に積層して赤外線反射層を形成して、合わせガラス用フィルム15を作製した。
PET-2(熱収縮率 MD方向:3.30%、TD方向:3.20%)
PET-3(熱収縮率 MD方向:4.60%、TD方向:4.50%)
PET-4(熱収縮率 MD方向:5.40%、TD方向:5.30%)
≪合わせガラスの作製≫
≪合わせガラス1の作製≫
(合わせガラス用フィルムとガラス基板の接合)
室内側ガラスとなる厚さ3mmのグリーンガラス(可視光透過率;81%、日射透過率;63%)、室内側の接着層となる厚さ380μmのポリビニルブチラールからなる層、合わせガラス用フィルム1、室外側の接着層となる厚さ380μmのポリビニルブチラールからなる層、室外側ガラスとなる厚さ3mmのクリアガラス(可視光透過率;91%、日射透過率:86%)をこの順に積層し、ガラスのエッジ部からはみ出した余剰部分を除去した後、140℃で30分間加熱し、加圧脱気して接合処理を行い、合わせガラス1を作製した。なお合わせガラス用フィルムは樹脂フィルムが室内側となるように配置した。また、可視光透過率及び日射透過率の測定はU-4000(日立製作所社製)を用い、JIS R 3106(1998)に準じて行った。
合わせガラス1の作製と同様にして、合わせガラス用フィルム1の代わりに合わせガラス用フィルム2~15を用いて合わせガラス2~15を作製した。
<熱収縮率の測定>
合わせガラス用フィルム1~15に用いた樹脂フィルム(ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム)の熱収縮率は以下のように測定した。樹脂フィルムを温度23℃、相対湿度55%の環境にて、24時間保存した後、幅方向に100mm間隔で二つの印を付け、無荷重状態で二つの印の間の距離L1を顕微鏡等を用いて測定する。続いて、130℃環境のオーブン内に試料を吊るし、30分間放置する。30分間経過後、オーブンから当該試料を取り出し、再び温度23℃、相対湿度55%の環境で24時間保存する。次いで、無荷重状態の試料の二つの印の間の距離L2を顕微鏡等を用いて測定する。測定した距離L1及びL2より、樹脂フィルムの熱収縮率を下記式により算出する。
また、合わせガラス用フィルム1~15の熱収縮率についても同様に算出した。
合わせガラス1~15について、その面内を12点について、その可視光透過率及び赤外線透過率を測定し、それぞれの最大値と最小値の差を計算して、差の大きい方の値を採用した。
△;2.0%超~4.0%以下
×;4.0%超
(赤外線透過率)
分光光度計(積分球使用、日立製作所社製、U-4000型)を用い、各合わせガラスの300nm~2000nmの領域における赤外線透過率(800~1400nm)を測定した。
可視光透過率の測定はU-4000(日立製作所社製)を用い、JIS R 3106(1998)に準じて行った。
作製した合わせガラス用フィルム1~15を曲面ガラス(曲率半径2m)に水貼りし、目視により外観を以下の評価基準に従って評価した。なお、△以上であれば、実用に供することができるレベルである。
△;ムラ、端部のしわ等が一部の場所にわずかに見られる
×;数か所にムラ、端部のしわ等があり、はっきりと分かる
<赤外線反射率>
各赤外線遮蔽フィルム試料の800~1400nmの領域における厚さ方向の赤外線反射率を測定し、12点平均を計算した。赤外線反射率の測定は、分光光度計U-4000(日立製作所社製)を用いて行った。
2 合わせガラス用フィルム
3 樹脂フィルム
4 赤外線反射層
5 高屈折率層
6 低屈折率層
7A 接着層
7B 接着層
8A ガラス基板
8B ガラス基板
Claims (7)
- 樹脂フィルムの少なくとも一方の面にポリマーを含む光学機能層を有する合わせガラス用フィルムであって、130℃の環境下、30分放置した後の、前記合わせガラス用フィルムの熱収縮率(S1)と前記樹脂フィルムの熱収縮率(S2)が、それぞれ、面内の一方向とそれに直交する方向のいずれにおいても、下記式(I)を満たすように調整されていることを特徴とする合わせガラス用フィルム。
式(I):0.60≦S1/S2≦0.98 - 前記合わせガラス用フィルムを具備する合わせガラスが、曲面を有する合わせガラスであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の合わせガラス用フィルム。
- 前記光学機能層の厚さと前記樹脂フィルムの厚さとが、下記式(II)を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の合わせガラス用フィルム。
式(II):0.035≦光学機能層の厚さ/樹脂フィルムの厚さ≦7.0 - 130℃の環境下、30分放置した後の前記樹脂フィルムの熱収縮率(S2)が、面内の一方向とそれに直交する方向のいずれにおいても、3.0%を超えていることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか一項に記に記載の合わせガラス用フィルム。
- 前記光学機能層が、少なくとも金属酸化物微粒子と水溶性ポリマーとを含む高屈折率層と、少なくとも水溶性ポリマーを含む低屈折率層とが交互に積層されてなる層を有することを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか一項に記載の合わせガラス用フィルム。
- 光学機能層が、赤外線反射層であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか一項に記載の合わせガラス用フィルム。
- 請求項1から請求項6までのいずれか一項に記載の合わせガラス用フィルムを具備することを特徴とする合わせガラス。
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WO2010090250A1 (ja) * | 2009-02-05 | 2010-08-12 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | プラスチックフィルム挿入合わせガラス |
WO2010098287A1 (ja) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-02 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 断熱合わせガラス |
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US6797396B1 (en) * | 2000-06-09 | 2004-09-28 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Wrinkle resistant infrared reflecting film and non-planar laminate articles made therefrom |
WO2009016955A1 (ja) * | 2007-07-31 | 2009-02-05 | Central Glass Company, Limited | プラスチックフィルム挿入合せガラス |
CN103003729B (zh) * | 2010-07-24 | 2016-08-17 | 柯尼卡美能达控股株式会社 | 近红外反射膜、近红外反射膜的制造方法及近红外反射体 |
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2015
- 2015-05-27 US US15/314,748 patent/US20170129220A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-05-27 JP JP2016523524A patent/JPWO2015182639A1/ja active Pending
- 2015-05-27 WO PCT/JP2015/065187 patent/WO2015182639A1/ja active Application Filing
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WO2009154060A1 (ja) * | 2008-06-16 | 2009-12-23 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | プラスチックフィルム挿入合わせガラスの製造方法およびプラスチックフィルム挿入合わせガラス |
WO2010090250A1 (ja) * | 2009-02-05 | 2010-08-12 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | プラスチックフィルム挿入合わせガラス |
WO2010098287A1 (ja) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-02 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 断熱合わせガラス |
JP2012081748A (ja) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-04-26 | Toray Ind Inc | 積層フィルムおよびそれを用いた自動車用窓ガラス |
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US11186068B2 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2021-11-30 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Interlayer for laminated glass, roll body, and laminated glass |
JP2019522812A (ja) * | 2016-05-26 | 2019-08-15 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 偏光子積層体 |
JP7076710B2 (ja) | 2016-05-26 | 2022-05-30 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 偏光子積層体 |
WO2019203141A1 (ja) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-24 | Agc株式会社 | 車両用フロントガラス |
CN112041284A (zh) * | 2018-04-19 | 2020-12-04 | Agc株式会社 | 车辆用门玻璃 |
JPWO2019203141A1 (ja) * | 2018-04-19 | 2021-05-20 | Agc株式会社 | 車両用フロントガラス |
CN112041284B (zh) * | 2018-04-19 | 2022-09-13 | Agc株式会社 | 车辆用门玻璃 |
JP7160091B2 (ja) | 2018-04-19 | 2022-10-25 | Agc株式会社 | 車両用フロントガラス |
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JPWO2015182639A1 (ja) | 2017-04-20 |
US20170129220A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 |
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