WO2015176618A1 - 综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪 - Google Patents

综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015176618A1
WO2015176618A1 PCT/CN2015/078836 CN2015078836W WO2015176618A1 WO 2015176618 A1 WO2015176618 A1 WO 2015176618A1 CN 2015078836 W CN2015078836 W CN 2015078836W WO 2015176618 A1 WO2015176618 A1 WO 2015176618A1
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Prior art keywords
rod
displacement meter
grating
spring
coal mining
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PCT/CN2015/078836
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张强
张吉雄
夏炜阳
李剑
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张强
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Application filed by 张强 filed Critical 张强
Priority to AU2015263689A priority Critical patent/AU2015263689B2/en
Publication of WO2015176618A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015176618A1/zh
Priority to ZA2016/04147A priority patent/ZA201604147B/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dynamic monitoring instrument for a roof of a comprehensive mechanized filling coal mining goaf, and is particularly suitable for detecting a working surface of a roof sinking amount in a goaf filled with coal mining.
  • the average compaction strength of the tamping mechanism after the hydraulic support to the filling material is 2 MPa, which can make the filling material initially compact. Since the goaf is filled with solid materials, other equipment cannot measure the amount of subsidence of the top plate above the dense filling material in the goaf. The amount of roof subsidence in the filling coal mining goaf has a direct impact on the overburden strata damage law and surface subsidence. Therefore, it is important to measure the subsidence of the roof of the filling goaf, which is also an urgent problem to be solved on site. .
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive dynamic mechanized filling coal mining goaf roof dynamic change monitor for the problems existing in the prior art.
  • the dynamic monitoring device for the roof of the comprehensive mechanized filling coal mining goaf of the invention comprises a chassis and a displacement meter support disposed on the chassis, and the displacement cylinder support is provided with a base cylinder body, and the base cylinder body is provided with a plurality of
  • the stage telescopic rod has a spring support and a grating displacement meter inserted in the spring support.
  • the grating displacement gauge is connected with a guide rod, and the guide rod and the grating displacement meter are provided with a spring, and the bottom of the spring is provided.
  • the guide rod is provided with an upper and lower range limiting plate fixed in the base cylinder.
  • the lower part of the grating displacement meter is provided with a chip, and the chip is connected with a displacement through the protection interface.
  • the transmission cable of the socket; the optical path system in the chip converts the electric pulse into a digital signal output through an amplification, shaping, discrimination and counting system, and directly displays the displacement amount;
  • the multi-stage telescopic rod comprises a first pole, a second pole and a third pole, the second pole is set in the first pole, and the third pole is set in the secondary pole, and is respectively positioned by fixing bolts and fastening bolts.
  • the first rod is set in the base cylinder through the guide rod, and the lower end surface of the first rod is in contact with the upper range limiting plate on the guiding rod; the inlet of the base cylinder is provided with a sealing ring; the tertiary rod
  • a plurality of limiting fixing holes are arranged on the upper part, and a fixing bolt hole matched with the limiting fixing hole is arranged on the upper part of the second pole, and is fixed by fixing bolts.
  • the spring has an outer diameter of b mm, 120 ⁇ b ⁇ 130, and the outer diameter of the transmission cable is 15 mm.
  • the inner and outer diameters of the base cylinder are b+1 mm and b+11 mm, the diameter of the primary rod is b mm, and the diameter of the grating displacement meter is b-17 mm.
  • the grating displacement meter comprises four parts: a scale grating, a indicating grating, an optical path system and a measuring system.
  • a scale grating moves relative to the indicating grating, a thick and vertical overlapping grid fringe is formed according to a sinusoidal pattern; It moves at the relative movement speed of the grating and directly illuminates the photovoltaic element to form an electrical pulse.
  • the grating displacement meter has a monitoring frequency of 10 min/time and a maximum range of 1500 mm.
  • the spring is a light load spring with a maximum load of 100 kg.
  • the spacing between the plurality of limiting fixing holes is 100 mm.
  • the invention can be used for filling the detection of the sinking amount of the top plate above the dense filling material in the coal mining goaf; the whole device is buried in the dense filling material to be measured, and directly contacts the top and bottom plates of the goaf .
  • the device is mainly composed of a monitor base, a multi-stage telescopic rod and a chassis.
  • the multi-stage telescopic rod includes a first pole, a second pole and a third pole, and its main function is to transmit the sinking amount of the roof to the grating displacement meter below.
  • the base of the monitor comprises a base cylinder, a spring, a transmission cable, a grating displacement meter and a guide rod, and the grating displacement meter is used for receiving the amount of sinking of the top plate transmitted by the displacement transmission rod, and converting the displacement vector into a digital signal output.
  • the spring is guaranteed not to sink due to the weight of the displacement transfer rod.
  • the transmission cable is connected to the grating displacement meter and the data acquisition workstation, and the digital signal outputted by the grating displacement meter is sent to the data collection workstation.
  • the chassis can fix the dynamic monitoring instrument for the comprehensive mechanized filling of the coal mining goaf and ensure that the dynamic monitoring instrument of the integrated mechanized filling coal mining goaf will not dump and sink due to the broken bottom plate, which will affect the measurement results.
  • the invention solves the problem of measuring the sinking of the top plate above the dense filling material in the coal mining goaf, reduces the measurement difficulty, and the measured data is accurate, and the application effect of the filling coal mining technology is proved by experiments.
  • the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, simple application, accurate measurement and wide popularization.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the maximum range of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the maximum span longitudinal section structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the overall outline structure of the minimum range of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the minimum span longitudinal section of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a secondary displacement transmission rod of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional structural view of a primary displacement transmission rod of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the longitudinal section of the monitoring base of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a top plan view of the chassis of the present invention.
  • the dynamic mechanization of the roof of the comprehensive mechanized filling coal mining goaf of the present invention is mainly composed of a monitoring component and a multi-stage telescopic rod;
  • the monitoring component comprises a chassis 12 and a displacement meter support 9 disposed on the chassis 12 .
  • the displacement gauge support 9 is provided with a base cylinder 5, and the base cylinder 5 is provided with a multi-stage telescopic rod.
  • the base cylinder 5 is provided with a spring support 8 and a grating displacement meter 15 inserted in the spring support 8.
  • the grating displacement meter 15 comprises four parts: a scale grating, a indicating grating, an optical path system and a measuring system.
  • the grating displacement gauge 15 is connected with a guiding rod 7, and the guiding rod 7 and the grating displacement meter 15 are provided with a spring 6, the outer diameter of the spring 6 is b mm, 120 ⁇ b ⁇ 130, and the outer diameter of the transmission cable is 15 mm.
  • the spring 6 is a light load spring with a maximum load of 100 kg.
  • the bottom of the spring 6 is disposed in the slot of the spring support 8.
  • the guide rod 7 is provided with an upper range limiting plate 17 and a lower range limiting plate 16 fixed in the base cylinder 5, and the lower range limiting plate 16 is located on the grating displacement meter.
  • the upper portion of the upper limit limiting plate 17 is located at the upper portion of the guiding rod 7;
  • the lower portion of the grating displacement meter 15 is provided with a chip 14 on which the transmission cable extending through the protective interface 11 extends out of the displacement meter holder 9 13;
  • the optical path system in the chip 14 converts the electric pulse into a digital signal output through an amplification, shaping, discriminating and counting system, and directly displays the displacement amount, and the inner and outer diameters of the base cylinder 5 are respectively b+1 mm, b+11mm, the diameter of the first rod 4 is b mm, the diameter of the grating displacement meter 15 is b-17mm;
  • the monitoring frequency of the grating displacement meter 15 is 10min/time, and the maximum range is 1500mm.
  • the multi-stage telescopic rod comprises a first rod 4, a second rod 20 and a third rod 21, the second rod 20 is set in the first rod 4, and the third rod 21 is set in the second rod 20, respectively fixed by
  • the bolt 2 and the fastening bolt 19 are positioned, the first rod 4 is set in the base cylinder 5, and the lower end surface of the first rod 4 is in contact with the upper range limiting plate 17 on the guide rod 7; the inlet of the base cylinder 5 is provided There is a sealing ring 18; the third-stage rod 21 is provided with a plurality of limiting fixing holes 1 , and the spacing between the plurality of limiting fixing holes 1 is 100 mm.
  • the upper part of the secondary rod 20 is provided with a fixing bolt hole that cooperates with the limiting fixing hole 1 and is fixed by a fixing bolt.
  • the comprehensive mechanized filling coal mining goaf roof dynamic monitor comprises a monitor base, a displacement transmission rod and a chassis 12.
  • the monitor base is composed of a base cylinder 5, a spring 6, a transmission cable 13, a grating displacement meter 15, and a guide rod 7.
  • the base cylinder 5 is provided with a displacement gauge holder 9, a protection interface 11, a spring holder 8, and a range limiting plate 16 in this order from bottom to top.
  • the spring 6 is disposed in the slot of the spring support 8, the grating displacement meter 15 is disposed in the slot of the displacement meter mount 9, the guide rod 7 is directly connected to the grating displacement meter 15, and the guide rod 7 and the grating displacement meter 15 are both Mounted inside the spring 6, the transmission cable 13 is connected through the protection interface 11 to the chip 14 in the grating displacement meter 15.
  • the structures of the top mechanical dynamic monitor of the integrated mechanized filling coal mining goaf are installed from bottom to top in the lower part of the top plate to be inspected, and the data transmission cable 13 is connected to the data collecting station reserved in the roadway.
  • the dynamic monitoring instrument for the roof of the coal mining goaf is integrated and in contact with the top and bottom plates, and then use the filling material to bury the comprehensive mechanized filling coal mining goaf roof dynamic monitor to prevent the monitoring equipment from falling over.
  • the sinking displacement is transmitted to the grating displacement meter 15 through the tertiary rod 21, the secondary rod 20, the primary rod 4, and the guide rod 7.
  • the sinking displacement is converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the data collecting workstation through the transmission cable 13, and the data in the data collecting workstation is analyzed. Monitor the sinking of the roof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

一种综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪，由监测仪底座、多级伸缩杆和底盘（12）组成。监测仪底座由底座缸体（5）、弹簧（6）、传输电缆（13）、光栅位移计（15）和导杆（7）组成。底座缸体内设置位移计支座（9）、保护接口（11）、弹簧支座（8）和量程限制板（16、17）。光栅位移计（15）含芯片（14）。底座缸体（5）由螺丝固定在底盘（12）上。弹簧（6）安置在弹簧支座（8）的卡槽内，光栅位移计（15）安置在位移计支座（9）的卡槽内，导杆（7）直接连接在光栅位移计（15）上，导杆（7）和光栅位移计（15）套在弹簧（6）内，传输电缆（13）与芯片（14）连接；多级伸缩杆由一级杆（4）、二级杆（20）和三级杆（21）组成，一级杆安装在底座缸体（5）内，直接接触导杆（7）上的量程限制板（16、17）。二级杆（20）通过紧固螺栓（19）固定在一级杆（4）的安装槽内，三级杆（21）和二级杆（20）用固定螺栓（2）固定。该装置能直接准确监测顶板动态下沉量，结构巧妙、使用方便。

Description

综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪 技术领域
本发明涉及一种综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪，尤其适用于充填采煤的采空区内检测顶板下沉量的工作面。
背景技术
在充填采煤中，液压支架后的夯实机构对充填物料的平均夯实力为2MPa，可以使充填物料初步达到密实。由于采空区内用固体物料密实充填，其它设备无法测量采空区密实充填物料上方顶板的下沉量。而充填采煤采空区的顶板下沉量对上覆岩层破坏规律和地表下沉情况有直接的影响，所以测量充填采空区顶板的下沉量至关重要，也是现场急待解决的问题。
发明内容
技术问题：本发明的目的是针对已有技术中存在的问题，提供一种综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态变化监测仪。
技术方案：本发明的综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测装置，包括底盘、设在底盘上的位移计支座，位移计支座上设有底座缸体，底座缸体上设有多级伸缩杆，底座缸体内设有弹簧支座和插装在弹簧支座内的光栅位移计，光栅位移计上连有导杆，导杆与光栅位移计上套装有弹簧，弹簧的底部设在弹簧支座的卡槽内，导杆上设有固定在底座缸体内的上下量程限制板，所述的光栅位移计下部设有芯片，芯片上连有穿过保护接口伸出位移计支座的传输电缆；所述芯片内的光路系统将电脉冲通过放大、整形、辨向和计数系统转换成数字信号输出，直接显示位移量；
所述的多级伸缩杆包括一级杆、二级杆和三级杆，二级杆套装在一级杆内，三级杆套装在二级杆内，分别由固定螺栓和紧固螺栓定位，一级杆套装在底座缸体内，穿过导杆，一级杆的下端面与导杆上的上量程限制板相接触；底座缸体的入口处设有密封圈；所述的三级杆上设有多个限位固定孔，二级杆上部设有与限位固定孔相配合的固定螺栓孔，并用固定螺栓固定。
所述的弹簧的外径为b mm，120≤b≤130，传输电缆的外径为15mm。
所述的底座缸体的内外径分别为b+1mm、b+11mm，一级杆的直径为b mm，光栅位移计的直径为b-17mm。
所述的光栅位移计包括标尺光栅、指示光栅、光路系统和测量系统四部分，标尺光栅相对于指示光栅移动时，形成大致按正弦规律分布的明暗相间的叠栅条纹；叠栅条纹 以光栅的相对运动速度移动，并直接照射到光电元件上形成电脉冲。
所述的光栅位移计的监测频率为10min/次，最大量程为1500mm。
所述的弹簧为轻荷重弹簧，最大载荷为100kg。
所述的多个限位固定孔之间的间距为100mm。
有益效果：由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明可用于充填采煤采空区密实充填物料上方顶板下沉量的检测；整个装置掩埋于需要测量的密实充填物料中，直接接触采空区顶底板。装置主要由监测仪底座、多级伸缩杆和底盘组成，多级伸缩杆包括一级杆、二级杆和三级杆，其主要作用是将顶板下沉量传递给下方的光栅位移计。监测仪底座包括底座缸体、弹簧、传输电缆、光栅位移计和导杆，光栅位移计用于接收位移传递杆传递的顶板下沉量，并将此位移矢量转换成数字信号输出。弹簧保证不会因为位移传递杆的自重而下沉。传输电缆连接光栅位移计和数据采集工作站，将光栅位移计输出的数字信号输送给数据采集工作站。底盘可以固定综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪并且保证综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪不会倾倒和因为底板破碎而下沉，影响测量结果。本发明很好的解决了充填采煤采空区密实充填物料上方顶板下沉的测量问题，降低了测量难度，测量的数据准确，经实验证明了充填采煤技术的应用效果。其结构简单，成本低，应用方单，测量准确，具有广泛的推广性。
附图说明
图1是本发明的最大量程整体结构外形示意图；
图2是本发明的最大量程纵截面结构示意图；
图3是本发明的最小量程整体外形结构示意图；
图4是本发明的最小量程纵截面结构示意图；
图5是本发明的二级位移传递杆纵截面结构示意图；
图6是本发明的一级位移传递杆纵截面结构示意图；
图7是本发明监测底座纵截面结构示意图；
图8是本发明底盘俯视结构图；
图中：1-限位固定孔，2-固定螺栓，3-安装空槽，4-一级杆，5-底座缸体，6-弹簧，7-导杆，8-弹簧支座，9-位移计支座，10-底盘固定螺栓，11-保护接口，12-底盘，13-传输电缆，14-芯片，15一光栅位移计，16-下量程限制板，17-上量程限制板，18-密封圈，19-紧固螺栓，20-二级杆，21-三级杆。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的一个实施例作进一步的描述：
图1所示，本发明的综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪，主要由监测组件和多级伸缩杆构成；监测组件包括底盘12、设在底盘12上的位移计支座9，位移计支座9上设有底座缸体5，底座缸体5上设有多级伸缩杆，底座缸体5内设有弹簧支座8和插装在弹簧支座8内的光栅位移计15，所述的光栅位移计15包括标尺光栅、指示光栅、光路系统和测量系统四部分，标尺光栅相对于指示光栅移动时，形成大致按正弦规律分布的明暗相间的叠栅条纹；叠栅条纹以光栅的相对运动速度移动，并直接照射到光电元件上形成电脉冲。光栅位移计15上连有导杆7，导杆7与光栅位移计15上套装有弹簧6，所述的弹簧6的外径为b mm，120≤b≤130，传输电缆的外径为15mm；弹簧6为轻荷重弹簧，最大载荷为100kg。弹簧6的底部设在弹簧支座8的卡槽内，导杆7上设有固定在底座缸体5内的上量程限制板17和下量程限制板16，下量程限制板16位于光栅位移计15的上部，上量程限制板17位于导杆7的项部；所述的光栅位移计15下部设有芯片14，芯片14上连有穿过保护接口11伸出位移计支座9的传输电缆13；所述芯片14内的光路系统将电脉冲通过放大、整形、辨向和计数系统转换成数字信号输出，直接显示位移量，所述的底座缸体5的内外径分别为b+1mm、b+11mm，一级杆4的直径为b mm，光栅位移计15的直径为b-17mm；所述的光栅位移计15的监测频率为10min/次，最大量程为1500mm。
所述的多级伸缩杆包括一级杆4、二级杆20和三级杆21，二级杆20套装在一级杆4内，三级杆21套装在二级杆20内，分别由固定螺栓2和紧固螺栓19定位，一级杆4套装在底座缸体5内，一级杆4的下端面与导杆7上的上量程限制板17相接触；底座缸体5的入口处设有密封圈18；所述的三级杆21上设有多个限位固定孔1，多个限位固定孔1之间的间距为100mm。二级杆20上部设有与限位固定孔1相配合的固定螺栓孔，并用固定螺栓固定。
综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪包括监测仪底座、位移传递杆和底盘12组成。监测仪底座由底座缸体5、弹簧6、传输电缆13、光栅位移计15和导杆7组成。底座缸体5从下到上依次设置位移计支座9、保护接口11、弹簧支座8和量程限制板16。光栅位移计15，光栅位移计15和光栅位移计15内的芯片14。弹簧6安置在弹簧支座8的卡槽内，光栅位移计15安置在位移计支座9的卡槽内，导杆7直接连接在光栅位移计15上，导杆7与光栅位移计15均套在弹簧6的内部，传输电缆13穿过保护接口11与光栅位移计15里面的芯片14连接。综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪出厂时， 检测仪底座内各组成部分已安装完毕，监测仪底座和一级杆4通过密封圈18相连，同时密封圈18起到固定一级杆4的作用。将综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪的各个结构从下至上依次安装在需要检测的顶板下方，数据传输电缆13与预留在巷道内的数据收集工作站相连。安装时需保证综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪竖直，并与顶底板接触，再用充填物料将综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪掩埋，防止监测设备倾倒。设备安装完成后，当顶板下沉时，通过三级杆21、二级杆20、一级杆4和导杆7将下沉位移传至光栅位移计15。经过光栅位移计15内的标尺光栅、指示光栅、光路系统和测量系统处理，将下沉位移将转变为数字信号通过传输电缆13传输至数据收集工作站，通过对数据收集工作站内的数据的分析来监测顶板的下沉。
安装综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪时只要保证设备不倾倒且与采空区顶底板接触良好，就可以直接、准确、直观的测出充填物料密实采空区顶板的下沉量，并数字化显示。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪，其特征在于：它包括底盘(12)、设在底盘(12)上的位移计支座(9)，位移计支座(9)上设有底座缸体(5)，底座缸体(5)上设有多级伸缩杆，底座缸体(5)内设有弹簧支座(8)和插装在弹簧支座(8)内的光栅位移计(15)，光栅位移计(15)上连有导杆(7)，导杆(7)与光栅位移计(15)上套装有弹簧(6)，弹簧(6)的底部设在弹簧支座(8)的卡槽内，导杆(7)上设有固定在底座缸体(5)内的上下量程限制板(17、16)，所述的光栅位移计(15)下部设有芯片(14)，芯片(14)上连有穿过保护接口(11)伸出位移计支座(9)的传输电缆(13)；所述芯片(14)内的光路系统将电脉冲通过放大、整形、辨向和计数系统转换成数字信号输出，直接显示位移量；
    所述的多级伸缩杆包括一级杆(4)、二级杆(20)和三级杆(21)，二级杆(20)套装在一级杆(4)内，三级杆(21)套装在二级杆(20)内，分别由固定螺栓(2)和紧固螺栓(19)固定，一级杆(4)套装在底座缸体(5)内，一级杆(4)的下端面与导杆(7)上的上量程限制板(17)相接触；底座缸体(5)的入口处设有密封圈(18)；所述的三级杆(21)上设有多个限位固定孔(1)，二级杆(20)上部设有与限位固定孔(1)相配合的固定螺栓孔，并用固定螺栓(2)固定。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪，其特征在于：所述的弹簧(6)的外径为b mm，120≤b≤130，传输电缆(13)的外径为15mm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪，其特征在于：所述的底座缸体(5)的内外径分别为b+1mm、b+11mm，一级杆(4)的直径为b mm，光栅位移计(15)的直径为b-17mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪，其特征在于：所述的光栅位移计(15)包括标尺光栅、指示光栅、光路系统和测量系统四部分，标尺光栅相对于指示光栅移动时，形成大致按正弦规律分布的明暗相间的叠栅条纹；叠栅条纹以光栅的相对运动速度移动，并直接照射到光电元件上形成电脉冲。
  5. 根据权利要求1或4所述的综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪，其特征在于：所述的光栅位移计(15)的监测频率为10min/次，最大量程为1500mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪，其特征在于：所述的弹簧(6)为轻荷重弹簧，最大载荷为100kg。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的综合机械化充填采煤采空区顶板动态监测仪，其特征在 于：所述的多个限位固定孔(1)之间的间距为100mm。
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