WO2015165153A1 - 钙化-碳化法处理拜耳法赤泥过程中碱与铝的回收方法 - Google Patents
钙化-碳化法处理拜耳法赤泥过程中碱与铝的回收方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015165153A1 WO2015165153A1 PCT/CN2014/082676 CN2014082676W WO2015165153A1 WO 2015165153 A1 WO2015165153 A1 WO 2015165153A1 CN 2014082676 W CN2014082676 W CN 2014082676W WO 2015165153 A1 WO2015165153 A1 WO 2015165153A1
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- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- reaction
- red mud
- calcification
- calcium
- Prior art date
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000002308 calcification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 182
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 106
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 description 74
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 4
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000503 Na-aluminosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000429 sodium aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012217 sodium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018626 Al(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005269 aluminizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010884 boiler slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009856 non-ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/46—Purification of aluminium oxide, aluminium hydroxide or aluminates
- C01F7/47—Purification of aluminium oxide, aluminium hydroxide or aluminates of aluminates, e.g. removal of compounds of Si, Fe, Ga or of organic compounds from Bayer process liquors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D1/00—Oxides or hydroxides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D1/04—Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/16—Preparation of alkaline-earth metal aluminates or magnesium aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/20—Preparation of aluminium oxide or hydroxide from aluminous ores using acids or salts
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a method for recovering alkali and aluminum in the process of treating red mud in Bayer process.
- Aluminum is a pillar industry in China's non-ferrous metallurgy industry. As of 2013, China's primary aluminum production capacity reached 18 million tons, and alumina production capacity was close to 40 million tons, ranking first in the world. At present, more than 80% of China's alumina is produced by the Bayer process.
- the silicon-containing phase in bauxite is converted to hydrated sodium aluminosilicate (Na 2 OAl 2 (V1.7Si (VnH 2 ) during the Bayer process for alumina production. 0), that is, 1 kg of silica in the mineral will cause 1 kg of alumina to be removed from the red mud and cause 0.608 kg of alkali loss.
- the alkali and aluminum in the red mud cause two problems: First, the alkali content Too high, the red mud can not be used in large industries such as cement; Second, when dealing with low-grade bauxite, the loss of alumina is too large and the overall yield is low.
- red mud utilization technology can be generally divided into two types: one is used as a general industrial raw material, such as Zhang Kaiyuan et al.
- the other is to extract the valuable metal elements separately, the most typical of which is to treat the Bayer red mud by sintering, or to extract the valuable metal elements by acid leaching.
- Dong Yafei et al. "A process and equipment for removing red mud, aluminum silicon slag and alkali metal, application number: 201010561605" is to uniformly mix red mud, pulverized coal, lime and binder, and Pressed into a ball, dried, transferred to the bottom furnace, smelted and reduced, pulverized, magnetically separated to separate iron and aluminum silicon slag, and the separated iron is used for electricity.
- Furnace steel or cast steel, etc., aluminum silicon slag is used to produce high-grade high-quality cement or raw materials for refractory materials.
- red mud In the existing methods of utilizing red mud, there are generally problems such as low product prices and poor returns. Most of the methods for extracting valuable elements have high energy consumption and high equipment requirements. Therefore, the current industrialized red mud is still treated by direct stockpiling. Although some alumina producers have applied the red mud to the cement industry after de-alkali removal, there are still two problems in the direct de-alkali process: First, the lime is de-alkali treated with lime, which can only be recovered.
- the invention provides a method for recovering alkali and aluminum in the process of treating Bayer red mud by calcification-carbonization method, that is, using Bayer red mud as raw material, calcification and alkali transformation under high alkali concentration, carbonization transformation, low temperature melting aluminum and sinking
- the process of aluminum and the like realizes the recovery of alkali and aluminum in the red mud and the harmless treatment of the Bayer red mud.
- a calcification-carbonization method for recovering alkali and aluminum in the red mud process of Bayer process according to the following steps: (1) Calcification and alkali removal
- the Bayer process red mud is mixed with calcium aluminate or lime and calcium aluminate, and the calcification and de-alkali transformation reaction is carried out in the mother liquor of the high concentration caustic solution.
- the reaction temperature is 80-180 ° C
- the reaction time is 10-60 min
- the slurry is obtained.
- the solid phase is calcified slag
- the silicon-containing phase in the red mud is converted into hydrated garnet as the main component of the solid phase calcification slag
- the liquid phase is a high concentration caustic solution; calcification and alkali removal
- the main reaction is as follows:
- the mother liquor of the high concentration caustic solution is a sodium hydroxide solution having a sodium oxide concentration of 100 to 300 g/L or a sodium aluminate solution having a sodium oxide concentration of 100 to 300 g/L;
- the liquid-solid ratio of the mixture of red mud and calcium aluminate or lime and calcium aluminate to the mother liquor of the high concentration caustic solution is (3 ⁇ 10): lmL/g;
- the caustic solution is a Bayer process and the low-temperature aluminum-dissolving reaction of the present invention, and the alumina dissolved in the liquid phase in the calcification and de-alkali conversion reaction is taken out in a corresponding ratio, and enters Bayer with the extracted caustic solution.
- the unextracted caustic solution can be directly used as the mother liquor of the high concentration caustic solution diluted or used in the process of the present invention to be recycled in the calcification and de-alkali transformation reaction of the present step;
- the volume (v) of the extractable caustic solution and the ratio of the caustic solution volume ( ⁇ ⁇ ) obtained after the calcification and de-alkali conversion reaction are ⁇ / ⁇ ⁇ and the alkali concentration of the caustic solution before and after the calcification and alkali removal conversion reaction Relevant, the specific calculation relationship is as follows:
- ⁇ is the volume of the lye that can be taken out
- V ⁇ is the total volume of the high concentration caustic solution after the calcification and alkali removal conversion reaction, m
- ⁇ is the alkali concentration of the high concentration caustic solution after the calcification and alkali removal conversion reaction
- m ffi is The alkali concentration of the mother liquor of the high concentration caustic solution before the calcification and alkali removal conversion reaction
- the calcium source used in the calcification process is a mixture of calcium aluminate or calcium aluminate and lime, and the degree of crystallization of the calcification product is different from that of the lime calcification process alone;
- the sodium oxide content in the calcified slag is reduced to less than 1%;
- the main reaction of the carbonation transformation reaction is:
- the step (2) is obtained.
- the carbonization transition slag reacts with the low temperature molten aluminum mother liquor with a sodium hydroxide concentration of 50-150g/L for aluminum dissolution, and extracts the aluminum hydroxide in the carbonization transition slag.
- the liquid-solid ratio of the low-temperature molten aluminum mother liquor and the carbonized transition slag is (4 ⁇ ) 15): lmL/g, the reaction obtains the slurry; the slurry is separated by liquid-solid separation, the solid phase is the new structure red mud with the main components of calcium silicate and calcium carbonate, and the liquid phase is sodium aluminate solution; the main reaction of dissolved aluminum is as follows:
- step (2) calcification transformation reaction and the step (3) low-temperature aluminum dissolution reaction may be carried out 1 to 5 times; wherein, the sodium hydroxide reacted at a low temperature Step (1) calcification transformation of the high concentration caustic solution obtained by the dissolution reaction;
- the novel structure red mud can be used as a raw material of the cement industry after being washed by water, and the washing liquid produced by washing can be returned to the step (1) calcification and alkali removal conversion reaction supplemented by the high concentration caustic solution to the Bayer method and the steps described in this step
- the low temperature aluminum dissolution reaction compensates for the water loss caused by the lye
- the sodium aluminate solution produced in the step (3) is reacted with the calcium-containing mineral, wherein the mass ratio of the calcium oxide in the calcium-containing mineral to the alumina in the solution is (1.3 to 2.5): 1, at a precipitation temperature of 20 to 90 ° C and precipitation Calcium aluminate precipitation and sodium hydroxide solution were obtained under the reaction conditions of l ⁇ 60 min;
- the calcium-containing mineral is a raw material containing calcium oxide, including lime, calcium aluminate, calcium carbide slag, etc.; the calcium aluminate precipitation returning step (1) is used as a calcium source for calcification and alkali removal conversion reaction;
- the sodium hydroxide solution returning step (3) is used as a low-temperature molten aluminum mother liquor for recycling.
- the principle of the invention is as follows: a. After the traditional red mud produced by the Bayer process is transformed with the calcium aluminate or calcium aluminate and lime in the mother liquor of the high concentration caustic solution by calcification and alkali removal, the sodium alkali in the red mud enters.
- a calcified slag and a higher concentration of a high concentration caustic solution are obtained; therefore, in order to fully utilize the sodium alkali in the red mud in the process of the present invention, a portion of the caustic solution can be taken out from the high concentration caustic solution.
- the Bayer process or the low-temperature aluminum-dissolving reaction of the step (3) of the present invention the remaining high-concentration caustic solution can be directly diluted as a high-concentration caustic mother liquor or as a washing liquid of the new structure red mud by the step (3)
- the high concentration caustic mother liquor is recycled in the step (1) calcification and de-alkali transformation reaction.
- Carbonization transformation slag reacts with lye for low-temperature aluminum dissolution to obtain tailings and eluent.
- the alkali solution used for the reaction comes from step (1) removal of lye after calcification and alkali removal transformation reaction and step (4) The alkali solution obtained from aluminum; the tail residue obtained by the reaction is washed by water to be used as a cement material, and the washing water can be returned to the step (1).
- the calcification and alkali removal conversion reaction is supplemented to the high concentration caustic solution due to the water loss caused by the removal of the alkali solution. d.
- the eluate reacts with the calcium-containing mineral to obtain a calcium aluminate precipitate and a sodium hydroxide solution.
- the calcium aluminate returns to the step (1) as a calcium source for the calcification and alkali removal reaction, and the sodium hydroxide solution returns to the step (3) to participate in the low temperature.
- Aluminized aluminum reaction is provided.
- the red mud is fully utilized by the entire process of the present invention, that is, the alkali and alumina in the red mud are mostly utilized, and the high-concentration caustic mother liquor and water are recycled throughout the process, and only the tailings are finally discharged.
- Its main components are calcium silicate and calcium carbonate, which can be directly used in the cement industry, and the entire process consumes low energy.
- This method can fully utilize the red mud, no waste is generated during the process, and many raw materials in the process can be recycled.
- the red mud treated by the method can not only recover the sodium oxide but also recover the alumina therein, and the overall income is good;
- the method utilizes a high concentration alkali solution to transform the red mud calcification and de-alkali treatment, and the alkali solution produced after red mud de-alkali has a high concentration, and can be directly used in the Bayer process and the low-temperature aluminum-dissolving reaction of the present invention. It does not need to be concentrated by evaporation, and the energy consumption is very low.
- the main component of the tailings obtained by the production method described in the present invention is calcium silicate and calcium carbonate, which can be directly used in the cement industry to realize the harmless utilization of red mud in the alumina production process;
- the whole process of the production method of the invention is mainly based on a wet process, and the production energy consumption is low;
- the red mud is treated by the production method of the present invention, and the total yield of alumina in the mineral can reach 85% to 100%, the aluminum to silicon ratio of the dissolution slag can be reduced to 0.4 or less, and the sodium alkali content can also be lowered. Below 0.5%, the alumina extraction rate of minerals can be increased by more than 15% compared with the Bayer process, and the mineral consumption of one ton of alumina can be reduced by about 20%.
- the red mud component used in the examples of the present invention is by mass percentage: Al 2 0 3 -18.15%, Si0 2 -17.17%, Na 2 0-6.73%, Fe 2 0 3 -25.14%, and the balance is Decreasing water, Ti 2 2 and other impurities; in the embodiment of the present invention, 100 tons (t) of red mud is treated each time;
- the lime added in the embodiment of the present invention is based on the calcium oxide content of 75% of the total mass
- the CO 2 gas used in the embodiment of the present invention is a CO 2 exhaust gas produced by a lime burning process, but the production process described in the present invention is not limited to the use of such a gas, and any gas containing CO 2 can be transformed as a carbonization.
- the lime described in the present invention is calcined by quicklime, but the calcified raw material used in the aluminizing process is not limited to the calcined lime, and the raw material used may include any material mainly composed of calcium oxide.
- Example 1
- the Bayer process red mud is mixed with lime and calcium aluminate and the calcification and de-alkali transformation reaction is carried out in a high concentration sodium hydroxide mother liquor having a sodium oxide concentration of 300 g/L.
- Lime and calcium aluminate are used as a calcium source, wherein calcium aluminate is added. 38.63t, the amount of lime added is 83.16t, the mass ratio of total calcium oxide to red mud in calcium aluminate and lime is 1: 1, the mixture of sodium hydroxide mother liquor and red mud, lime and calcium aluminate
- the liquid-solid ratio is 3: lml/g, the reaction temperature is 180 ° C, and the reaction time is 60 min.
- the slurry after the red mud transformation reaction is separated by liquid-solid separation, and the silicon-containing phase in the red mud is all converted into hydrated garnet into the solid phase.
- the liquid phase is a high-concentration sodium hydroxide solution containing sodium aluminate, and a 3% solution of the high-concentration sodium hydroxide solution after the transformation reaction is taken out, and the Bayer process is added to replenish the alkali, and the remaining high-concentration sodium hydroxide solution
- the mother liquor is recycled in the calcification transformation reaction process, the alumina dissolved in the liquid phase during the transformation reaction enters the Bayer process system according to the corresponding proportion of the high concentration sodium hydroxide solution taken out;
- the partial pressure of the gas reaches 1.8 MPa, and then the carbonization transformation reaction is carried out for 180 min at 120 ° C to obtain the carbonization transition slag and clean water whose main components are calcium silicate, calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide; the clear water circulates in the carbonization transformation reaction reaction
- the carbonized slag is extracted from the low temperature molten aluminum mother liquor with a sodium hydroxide concentration of 150 g/L at a solution temperature of 100 ° C and an aluminum dissolution time of 20 min, and the liquid-solid ratio of the low temperature molten aluminum mother liquor to the carbonized slag 10: lmL / g, a new structure of red mud and sodium aluminate solution with main components of calcium silicate and calcium carbonate;
- the sodium aluminate solution obtained by the three carbonization transformation reaction and the low temperature aluminum dissolution reaction is treated by using lime-aluminum, wherein the mass ratio of calcium oxide in the lime to the alumina in the solution is 2.5:1 and at the precipitation temperature. 90 ° C and the reaction time lmin conditions to obtain calcium aluminate precipitation 38.63t and sodium hydroxide solution, calcium aluminate returned to the alkali removal process as a calcium source; sodium hydroxide solution returned to low temperature aluminum process as a low temperature aluminum solution .
- the Bayer process red mud and calcium aluminate were mixed and the calcification and de-alkali transformation reaction was carried out in a sodium hydroxide mother liquor with a sodium oxide concentration of 100 g/L.
- Calcium aluminate was used as a calcium source, wherein the calcium aluminate addition amount was 83t, and the aluminate was added.
- the mass ratio of total calcium oxide to red mud in calcium is 0.4: 1.
- the liquid-solid ratio of the mixture of sodium hydroxide mother liquor and red mud and calcium aluminate is 5: lml/g, reaction temperature 80 ° C, reaction After 10 minutes, the slurry is obtained after the reaction.
- the liquid phase is a high-concentration sodium hydroxide solution containing sodium aluminate, and the high-concentration sodium hydroxide after the transformation reaction is taken.
- the solution with a volume of 11.5% is returned to the Bayer process to replenish the alkali, and the remaining high-concentration sodium hydroxide solution is used as a mother liquor for recycling in the calcification transformation reaction process.
- the alumina dissolved in the liquid phase during the transformation reaction is in accordance with the corresponding concentration.
- the sodium hydroxide solution enters the Bayer process system;
- the carbonization transition slag is extracted from the low temperature molten aluminum mother liquor with a sodium hydroxide concentration of 50g/L at a solution temperature of 100 ° C and an aluminum dissolution time of 120 min.
- the liquid-solid ratio of the low temperature molten aluminum mother liquor to the carbonized slag is 4: lmL / g, the reaction to obtain a new structure of calcium silicate and calcium carbonate, the new structure of red mud and sodium aluminate solution, the new structure of red mud can be used as a raw material in the cement industry after washing with water, the washed washing liquid into calcification The water loss caused by the removal of the alkali solution added to the mother liquor during the alkali removal transformation process;
- the liquid phase sodium aluminate solution produced by low-temperature aluminum dissolution is treated by lime-aluminum, wherein the mass ratio of calcium oxide in lime to alumina in solution is 1.3:1, and the reaction temperature is 20 ° C and the reaction time is 60 min.
- the calcium aluminate precipitated 44.35t and sodium hydroxide solution, and the calcium aluminate returned to the alkali removal transformation process as a calcium source; the sodium hydroxide solution returned to the low temperature aluminum dissolution process as a low temperature molten aluminum mother liquor.
- the Bayer process red mud is mixed with lime and calcium aluminate and the calcification and de-alkali transformation reaction is carried out in a high concentration sodium hydroxide mother liquor having a sodium oxide concentration of 240 g/L, and lime and calcium aluminate are used as a calcium source, wherein calcium aluminate is added.
- the amount is 39.4t
- the amount of lime added is 43.3t
- the mass ratio of total calcium oxide to red mud in calcium aluminate and lime is 0.5: 1, sodium hydroxide mother liquor and red mud, lime and calcium aluminate.
- the liquid-solid ratio of the mixture is 7: lml/g
- the transformation temperature is 120 °C
- the transformation time is 60 min.
- the silicon-containing phase in the red mud is all converted into hydrated garnet into the solid phase calcification slag, and the liquid phase contains aluminate.
- Sodium high-concentration sodium hydroxide solution taking a solution of 5% of the total concentration of sodium hydroxide solution after the conversion reaction, returning to the Bayer process to replenish the alkali, and the remaining high-concentration sodium hydroxide solution is recycled in the calcification transformation process, transformation
- the alumina dissolved in the liquid phase during the reaction enters the Bayer process system according to the corresponding ratio of the high concentration sodium hydroxide solution taken out;
- Clear water and calcified slag are mixed in a closed container at a liquid to solid ratio of 10: 1 mL/g, and then introduced into a closed container.
- C0 2 , C0 2 gas is first pressurized during the aeration process, so that the partial pressure of C0 2 gas in the reaction vessel reaches 1.2 MPa, and then the reaction is transformed at 240 ° C for 240 min, and the main component is calcium silicate. Calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide carbonization transition slag and clean water; clean water is recycled in the carbonization transformation reaction;
- the carbonization transition slag is extracted from the low temperature molten aluminum mother liquor with a sodium hydroxide concentration of 100g/L at a solution temperature of 40 ° C and an aluminum dissolution time of 120 min.
- the liquid-solid ratio of the low temperature molten aluminum mother liquor to the carbonized slag is 15: lmL / g, the reaction to obtain a new structure of calcium silicate and calcium carbonate, the new structure of red mud and sodium aluminate solution, the new structure of red mud can be used as a raw material in the cement industry after washing with water, the washed washing liquid into calcification
- the alkali removal transformation process supplements the water loss caused by the removal of the sodium hydroxide solution;
- the liquid phase produced by low-temperature aluminum dissolution is treated by lime-aluminum, wherein the mass ratio of calcium oxide in lime to alumina in solution is 2:1, and calcium aluminate precipitate is obtained at a precipitation temperature of 60 ° C and 25 min. 39.4t and sodium hydroxide solution, calcium aluminate returns to the alkali removal process as a calcium source; sodium hydroxide solution returns to the low temperature aluminum dissolution process as a low temperature molten aluminum mother liquor.
- the Bayer process red mud is mixed with lime and calcium aluminate and the calcification and de-alkali transformation reaction is carried out in a sodium aluminate solution having a sodium oxide concentration of 200 g/L, and lime and calcium aluminate are used as a calcium source, wherein the amount of calcium aluminate added is 35.44t, the amount of lime added is 5.66t, the mass ratio of total calcium oxide to red mud in calcium aluminate and lime is 0.2: 1, the mixture of sodium hydroxide mother liquor and red mud, lime and calcium aluminate The solid ratio is 10: lml/g, the transformation temperature is 120 °C, and the transformation time is 30min.
- the carbonization transition slag is extracted from the low temperature molten aluminum mother liquor with a sodium hydroxide concentration of 100g/L at a solution temperature of 60 ° C and an aluminum dissolution time of 90 min.
- the liquid-solid ratio of the low temperature molten aluminum mother liquor to the carbonized slag is 8: lmL / g, the reaction to obtain a new structure of calcium silicate and calcium carbonate, the new structure of red mud and sodium aluminate solution, new The red mud of the type structure can be used as a raw material of the cement industry after washing with water, and the washed washing liquid enters the calcification and alkali removal transformation process to supplement the water loss caused by the sodium hydroxide solution being taken out;
- the liquid phase produced by low-temperature aluminum dissolution is treated by lime-aluminum, wherein the mass ratio of calcium oxide in lime to alumina in solution is 1.8:1, and aluminate is obtained at a reaction temperature of 60 ° C and a reaction time of 25 min.
- the Bayer process red mud was mixed with calcium aluminate and lime and calcified and de-alkali transformed in sodium aluminate solution with a sodium oxide concentration of 260 g/L.
- Calcium aluminate and lime were used as calcium sources, of which calcium aluminate was 43.71t.
- the lime is 80.76t, the total mass of calcium oxide and calcium in the calcium aluminate and lime is 0.8: 1.
- the liquid-solid ratio of the mixture of sodium hydroxide mother liquor and red mud, lime and calcium aluminate is 8: lml /g, transformation temperature 130 ° C, transformation time 30 min, after transformation, the silicon-containing phase in the red mud is converted into hydrated garnet into the solid phase calcification slag, the liquid phase is a high concentration sodium hydroxide solution containing sodium aluminate, A solution with a total volume of 4.5% of the high-concentration sodium hydroxide solution after the conversion reaction is used for the subsequent low-temperature aluminum dissolution reaction, and the remaining high-concentration sodium hydroxide solution is recycled in the calcification transformation reaction process, and dissolved in the liquid phase during the transformation reaction process.
- the alumina enters the subsequent low-temperature aluminum-dissolving reaction with the corresponding high-concentration sodium hydroxide solution according to the corresponding ratio;
- the carbonization transition slag is extracted from the low temperature molten aluminum mother liquor with a sodium hydroxide concentration of 100g/L at a solution temperature of 70 ° C and an aluminum dissolution time of 60 min.
- the liquid-solid ratio of the low temperature molten aluminum mother liquor to the carbonized slag is 12: lmL / g, a new structure of red mud and sodium aluminate solution with main components of calcium silicate and calcium carbonate;
- the sodium aluminate solution obtained by reacting the carbonization transformation reaction and the low-temperature aluminum dissolution reaction 5 times is treated by using lime-aluminum, wherein the mass ratio of calcium oxide in the lime to the alumina in the solution is 2:1, and the reaction temperature is 60°. C and the reaction time of 5 min, the calcium aluminate precipitated 43.71t and sodium hydroxide solution, the calcium aluminate returned to the alkali removal process as a calcium source; the sodium hydroxide solution returned to the low temperature aluminum dissolution process as a low temperature molten aluminum mother liquor.
- the mass ratio of alumina to silica in the obtained tailings was 0.37: 1, and the content of sodium oxide was 0.4%.
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US15/303,408 US9963353B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-22 | Method for recovering alkali and aluminum in course of treatment of bayer red mud by using calcification-carbonation method |
AU2014392419A AU2014392419B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-22 | Method for recycling alkali and aluminum during treatment of Bayer red mud by using calcification-carbonization process |
RU2016133029A RU2644169C1 (ru) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-22 | Способ рекуперации щелочи и алюминия во время обработки получаемого в процессе байера красного шлама с применением технологии известкования и карбонизации |
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