WO2015163057A1 - 半導体光デバイス及び表示装置 - Google Patents
半導体光デバイス及び表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015163057A1 WO2015163057A1 PCT/JP2015/058441 JP2015058441W WO2015163057A1 WO 2015163057 A1 WO2015163057 A1 WO 2015163057A1 JP 2015058441 W JP2015058441 W JP 2015058441W WO 2015163057 A1 WO2015163057 A1 WO 2015163057A1
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- optical device
- compound semiconductor
- semiconductor optical
- ridge stripe
- layer
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/14—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a carrier transport control structure, e.g. highly-doped semiconductor layer or current-blocking structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/0004—Devices characterised by their operation
- H01L33/0045—Devices characterised by their operation the devices being superluminescent diodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/26—Materials of the light emitting region
- H01L33/30—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/26—Materials of the light emitting region
- H01L33/30—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table
- H01L33/32—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table containing nitrogen
- H01L33/325—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table containing nitrogen characterised by the doping materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S2301/00—Functional characteristics
- H01S2301/16—Semiconductor lasers with special structural design to influence the modes, e.g. specific multimode
- H01S2301/166—Single transverse or lateral mode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/1003—Waveguide having a modified shape along the axis, e.g. branched, curved, tapered, voids
- H01S5/101—Curved waveguide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/1003—Waveguide having a modified shape along the axis, e.g. branched, curved, tapered, voids
- H01S5/1014—Tapered waveguide, e.g. spotsize converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/12—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region the resonator having a periodic structure, e.g. in distributed feedback [DFB] lasers
- H01S5/1237—Lateral grating, i.e. grating only adjacent ridge or mesa
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/2054—Methods of obtaining the confinement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/2054—Methods of obtaining the confinement
- H01S5/2059—Methods of obtaining the confinement by means of particular conductivity zones, e.g. obtained by particle bombardment or diffusion
- H01S5/2063—Methods of obtaining the confinement by means of particular conductivity zones, e.g. obtained by particle bombardment or diffusion obtained by particle bombardment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/30—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
- H01S5/34—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers
- H01S5/343—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser
- H01S5/34333—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser with a well layer based on Ga(In)N or Ga(In)P, e.g. blue laser
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a semiconductor optical device and a display device.
- a super luminescent diode having a structure similar to that of a semiconductor laser element emits light with a narrow emission angle and high light intensity comparable to a semiconductor laser element, while having a broad emission spectrum close to that of a light emitting diode (LED). can do.
- superluminescent diodes have been applied to the field of interferometers such as fiber gyros, but in recent years, due to their low coherence, they are used as light sources for image formation with low interference noise (speckle noise).
- Interferometers such as fiber gyros
- a waveguide is bent in the middle and is formed from the end face.
- the laser mode oscillation is suppressed. That is, light is reciprocated between two end mirrors as in a semiconductor laser element, and is not resonated, but light is passed only in one direction of the waveguide to obtain an amplified state.
- the light generation source is spontaneous emission light generated in a part of the active layer, and the spontaneous emission light having a wide emission spectrum width is amplified as it is and emitted to the outside.
- the size of the semiconductor optical device is increased, which is not suitable for downsizing of the package, the overall waveguide loss is increased, and the overall efficiency is lowered.
- an object of the present disclosure is to provide a semiconductor optical device having a configuration and structure capable of obtaining a high optical output while maintaining low coherence, and a display device including the semiconductor optical device. .
- a semiconductor optical device comprising a first compound semiconductor layer, an active layer made of a compound semiconductor, and a second compound semiconductor layer, and having a first end face that emits light and a second end face facing the first end face.
- a current regulation region provided adjacent to at least one of the ridge stripe adjacent portions located on both sides of the ridge stripe structure portion on the second end face side and spaced apart from the ridge stripe structure portion; It has.
- the distance from the bottom surface of the first compound semiconductor layer to the bottom surface of the current regulating region is H 1
- the current regulating region is from the bottom surface of the first compound semiconductor layer.
- the distance to the top surface of the adjacent ridge stripe except for H is H 2
- the thickness of the first compound semiconductor layer is T 1
- the thickness of the active layer is T 3
- the thickness of the second compound semiconductor layer is T 2 .
- H 1 when the value of H 1 in the direction toward the top surface of the adjacent ridge stripe is positive, H 1 can be either positive or negative including 0.
- the current regulation region prevents a leakage current from flowing from the ridge stripe structure.
- the display device of the present disclosure for achieving the above object includes the semiconductor optical device according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present disclosure.
- the current regulation region satisfies the above formula (1), and the ridge stripe adjacent portion excluding the current regulation region satisfies the above formula (2).
- the current regulation region prevents a leakage current from flowing from the ridge stripe structure.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic layout diagram of components of the semiconductor optical device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic layout diagram of components of the semiconductor optical device according to the third or fifth embodiment.
- 3A and 3B are schematic end views of the semiconductor optical device according to the first embodiment along arrows AA and BB in FIG. 1, respectively.
- 4A is a schematic end view of the semiconductor optical device according to the second embodiment similar to that taken along the arrow AA in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4B shows a third embodiment taken along the arrow AA in FIG. It is a typical end view of the semiconductor optical device.
- 5A and 5B are schematic end views of the semiconductor optical device of Example 4, similar to that taken along the arrow AA in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic end view of the semiconductor optical device of Example 5, similar to that taken along the arrow AA in FIG. 7A, 7B, and 7C are schematic partial end views showing the manufacturing process of the semiconductor optical device of Example 6, similar to that taken along the arrow AA in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram of a display device according to the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram of another display device according to the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B are schematic arrangement diagrams of components of the semiconductor optical device for showing the planar shape of the current regulation region, respectively.
- FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B are schematic layout diagrams of components of the semiconductor optical device for showing the planar shape of the current regulation region, respectively.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic arrangement view of components of the semiconductor optical device for illustrating the planar shape of the current regulation region.
- 13A and 13B are schematic layout diagrams of components of the semiconductor optical device for showing the planar shape of the ridge stripe structure.
- FIG. 14A, FIG. 14B, FIG. 14C, and FIG. 14D are diagrams showing outlines of a ridge stripe structure portion or the like having a flare structure.
- 15A and 15B are schematic partial cross-sectional views and partial end views of a substrate and the like similar to those taken along the arrow BB in FIG. 1 for explaining the method of manufacturing the semiconductor optical device according to the first embodiment. It is.
- Example 1 semiconductor optical device according to the first and second aspects of the present disclosure, and the display apparatus of the present disclosure in general.
- Example 1 semiconductor optical device according to the first and second aspects of the present disclosure
- Example 2 Mode of Example 1 4
- Example 3 another modification of Example 1 5.
- Example 4 another modification of Example 1) 6
- Example 5 another modification of Example 1) 7.
- Example 6 another modification of Example 1) 8).
- Example 7 display device of the present disclosure
- semiconductor optical device according to the first or second aspect of the present disclosure and the semiconductor optical device constituting the display device of the present disclosure (hereinafter collectively referred to as “semiconductor optical device of the present disclosure”).
- semiconductor optical device of the present disclosure In the case where the length of the ridge stripe structure portion is L 0 and the length of the current regulation region is L 1 , 0.1 ⁇ L 1 / L 0 ⁇ 1.0 Preferably, 0.1 ⁇ L 1 / L 0 ⁇ 0.3 Can be obtained.
- DS 1 / L 0 when the distance from the end portion on the first end face side of the current regulation region to the second end face is DS 1 and the length of the ridge stripe structure portion is L 0 , DS 1 / L 0 ⁇ 1.0 Preferably, DS 1 / L 0 ⁇ 0.3 Can be obtained. Further, when the distance from the end portion of the second end face side of the current regulating region to the second end surface was DS 2, DS 1 / L 0 > DS 2 / L 0 ⁇ 0 Can be obtained.
- the width of the current regulation region is not particularly limited and depends on the processing margin, but is essentially arbitrary.
- the current regulation region includes the ridge stripe structure portion. It is possible to prevent the leakage current from flowing through.
- the current regulation region can be configured by a recess formed in the first compound semiconductor layer.
- an insulating material including a semi-insulating material
- the element capacity is reduced, and electrical matching with the driver is improved during pulse driving, etc., and semiconductor optical device driving Can be improved.
- the current regulation region can be configured by a compound semiconductor layer subjected to ion implantation.
- a layer made of a compound semiconductor subjected to ion implantation (1) A part of the first compound semiconductor layer in the thickness direction / active layer / a part of the stacked structure in the thickness direction of the second compound semiconductor layer (2) A part of the first compound semiconductor layer in the thickness direction / A laminated structure of active layers, or (3) A part of the first compound semiconductor layer in the thickness direction can be given.
- ion species to be ion-implanted include boron (B) and proton (H) when the compound semiconductor layer is made of a GaAs compound semiconductor, and iron (Fe) when the compound semiconductor layer is made of an InP compound semiconductor.
- iron (Fe) or boron (B) can be used.
- Whether or not the ion implantation process has been performed can be determined by the analysis of SIMS or the like, the presence of ions can be identified, SSRM (Scanning Spreading Resistance Microscopy), SNDM (nonlinear dielectric constant). It can also be detected by measuring the electrical conductivity, polarity, dielectric constant, etc. of the cross section of the semiconductor optical device with a microscope, a scanning non-linear dielectric microscope, or the like.
- the current regulation region may be configured by an insulating layer (including a semi-insulating layer).
- an insulating layer including a semi-insulating layer.
- the current regulation region prevents a current flow from the second compound semiconductor layer to the first compound semiconductor layer via the current regulation region. It can be set as the structure comprised from the laminated structure (reverse pn laminated structure) of the compound semiconductor layer to perform. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to obtain better heat dissipation (heat dissipation characteristics) than in the case of embedding with an insulating material.
- the semiconductor optical device forms a super luminescent diode (SLD), a semiconductor laser element, or a semiconductor optical amplifier.
- SLD super luminescent diode
- a resonator is configured by optimizing the light reflectance at the first end face and the light reflectance at the second end face, and light is emitted from the first end face.
- an external resonator may be arranged.
- the superluminescent diode the light reflectivity at the first end face is set to a very low value
- the light reflectivity at the second end face is set to a very high value
- the active layer is formed without forming a resonator.
- the light generated in step 1 is emitted from the first end face.
- a non-reflective coating layer (AR) or a low reflection coating layer is formed on the first end surface, and a high reflection coating layer (HR) is formed on the second end surface.
- the light reflectance at the first end face and the second end face is set to a very low value, and the light incident from the second end face is amplified without constituting the resonator, thereby the first end face.
- An antireflective coating layer (AR) or a low reflective coating layer is formed on the first end surface and the second end surface.
- Non-reflective coating layer low reflection coating layer or high reflection coating layer, from the group consisting of titanium oxide layer, tantalum oxide layer, zirconium oxide layer, silicon oxide layer, aluminum oxide layer, aluminum nitride layer, and silicon nitride layer
- a laminated structure of at least two kinds of selected layers can be given, and can be formed based on a PVD method such as a sputtering method or a vacuum evaporation method.
- a high-order transverse mode may occur if the width of the ridge stripe structure is too wide. Such a value is preferable.
- examples of the width of the ridge stripe structure portion include 1.0 ⁇ m to 3.0 ⁇ m.
- semiconductor optical device of the present disclosure including the various preferable modes and configurations described above (hereinafter, these may be collectively referred to as “semiconductor optical device of the present disclosure” in some cases), As long as it is provided on at least one side of the ridge stripe adjacent part, it is more preferable that it is provided on both sides.
- planar shape of the current regulation region include a single strip shape (including a constant width, a flare shape, and a tapered shape) extending in a straight line or a curved line.
- a plurality of dot-like (dot-like) shapes or a plurality of belt-like shapes arranged in the shape can be given, and a heat radiating fin shape can also be used.
- the distance (d) between the current regulation region and the ridge stripe structure is preferably as short as possible.
- the distance (d) may be determined in consideration of the occurrence of damage during injection, overlap with the region through which light passes, and the like, but the distance (d) may be 1 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m, although not limited thereto.
- the shortest straight line connecting the active layer region at the first end face and the active layer region at the second end face of the ridge stripe structure portion is used.
- the direction is the X direction
- the width direction of the active layer, the direction included in the first end face is the Y direction
- the thickness direction of the active layer is the Z direction.
- the shape of the region where the light exists in the laminated structure is a single transverse mode (single mode), for example, It is elliptical.
- the current regulation region is preferably provided in a region that does not overlap with such an elliptical region as much as possible.
- multiple transverse modes higher order transverse mode, multimode
- it is provided in a region overlapping with the light intensity peak of the multiple transverse mode on the assumption that an optical loss is intentionally introduced into the current regulation region.
- this makes it possible to suppress the occurrence of kinks due to the waveguide higher order modes.
- a metal organic chemical vapor deposition method MOCVD method, MOVPE method
- MOMBE method metal organic molecular beam epitaxy method
- a hydride gas in which halogen contributes to transport or reaction examples thereof include a phase growth method (HVPE method) and a plasma assisted physical vapor deposition method (PPD method).
- HVPE method phase growth method
- PPD method plasma assisted physical vapor deposition method
- etching a laminated structure to form a ridge stripe structure portion from a laminated structure comprising a first compound semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second compound semiconductor layer a combination of lithography technology and wet etching technology, lithography technology
- a combination of dry etching techniques can be mentioned.
- the configuration of the laminated structure itself can be a known configuration.
- the laminated structure is formed on a substrate and has a structure in which a first compound semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second compound semiconductor layer are laminated from the substrate side.
- the active layer may be composed of a single compound semiconductor layer, or may have a single quantum well structure [QW structure] or a multiple quantum well structure [MQW structure].
- a laminated structure composed of a first compound semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second compound semiconductor layer can be formed of an AlGaInP-based compound semiconductor.
- the active layer is a well composed of a GaInP layer or an AlGaInP layer.
- a layer having a quantum well structure in which a barrier layer made of an AlGaInP layer having a different composition is stacked may be employed.
- the laminated structure can be formed of an AlInGaN-based compound semiconductor containing GaN and AlGaN.
- the active layer is composed of a well layer made of an AlInGaN layer and an AlInGaN layer having a different In composition. It can be set as the form which has the quantum well structure laminated
- the first compound semiconductor layer has a first conductivity type
- the second compound semiconductor layer has a second conductivity type different from the first conductivity type.
- impurities are introduced into each of the first compound semiconductor layer and the second compound semiconductor layer. That's fine.
- n-type impurities added to the compound semiconductor layer include silicon (Si), sulfur (S), selenium (Se), germanium (Ge), tellurium (Te), tin (Sn), carbon (C), and titanium.
- Ti titanium
- O oxygen
- Pd palladium
- Zn zinc
- Mg magnesium
- carbon carbon
- Be beryllium
- Cd cadmium
- Ca Calcium
- Ba barium
- the main surface of these substrates depending on the crystal structure (for example, cubic or hexagonal type), the so-called A-plane, B-plane, C-plane, R-plane, M-plane, N-plane, and S-plane It is also possible to use a crystal orientation plane called by a name such as, or a plane in which these are turned off in a specific direction.
- the crystal orientation plane called by a name such as, or a plane in which these are turned off in a specific direction.
- Examples of the insulating material or the material constituting the insulating layer include SiO x -based materials such as SiO 2 , SiN y -based materials, SiO x Ny- based materials, Ta 2 O 5 , ZrO 2 , AlN, and Al 2 O 3. it can.
- Examples of the method for filling the concave portion with the insulating material or the method for forming the insulating layer include a PVD method such as a vacuum evaporation method and a sputtering method, or a CVD method.
- the thermal conductivity of the insulating material or the material constituting the insulating layer is preferably higher than the thermal conductivity of the compound semiconductor constituting the first compound semiconductor layer from the viewpoint of obtaining good heat dissipation (heat dissipation characteristics).
- an insulating material or the insulating layer it is preferably made of a material having a high heat conducting such AlN or SiN Y-based material.
- examples of the semi-insulating material or the material constituting the semi-insulating layer include a low-doped semiconductor material and a semi-insulating semiconductor (semi-insulating by doping).
- the ridge stripe structure portion can be in a form extending linearly, can be in a form extending in a state where a plurality of line segments are combined, It can be set as the form extended in curvilinear form.
- the ridge stripe structure portion may extend with a constant width, or may have a so-called flare structure (including a structure extending in a tapered shape).
- the axis of the ridge stripe structure portion may be orthogonal to the first end surface and the second end surface, or may intersect at an angle with the first end surface. It may intersect at an angle with the second end face.
- the half-value width of the emission spectrum of the light emitted from the first end face is about several nm or more.
- the first electrode is electrically connected to the first compound semiconductor layer, and the second electrode is formed on the second compound semiconductor layer.
- a second electrode is formed on a second compound semiconductor layer having a p-type conductivity type, Au / AuZn, Au / Pt / Ti (/ Au) / AuZn is used as the second electrode (p-side electrode).
- the first electrode when the first electrode is formed on the first compound semiconductor layer or the substrate having the n-type conductivity type, Au / Ni / AuGe, Au / Pt / Ti is used as the first electrode (n-side electrode). (/ Au) / Ni / AuGe, Au / Pt / TiW (/ Ti) / Ni / AuGe. It should be noted that the layer before “/” is located at a position electrically separated from the active layer.
- the first electrode is electrically connected to the first compound semiconductor layer.
- the first electrode is formed on the first compound semiconductor layer, and the first electrode is interposed through a conductive material layer or a conductive substrate. A form connected to the first compound semiconductor layer is included.
- the first electrode and the second electrode can be formed by various PVD methods such as a vacuum deposition method and a sputtering method, for example.
- a pad electrode may be provided on the first electrode or the second electrode for electrical connection with an external electrode or circuit.
- the pad electrode has a single-layer configuration or a multi-layer configuration including at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ti (titanium), aluminum (Al), Pt (platinum), Au (gold), and Ni (nickel). It is desirable to have.
- the pad electrode may have a multilayer configuration exemplified by a multilayer configuration of Ti / Pt / Au and a multilayer configuration of Ti / Au.
- a transparent conductive material layer may be formed between the second electrode and the second compound semiconductor layer.
- the transparent conductive material constituting the transparent conductive material layer indium-tin oxide (including ITO, Indium Tin Oxide, Sn-doped In 2 O 3 , crystalline ITO and amorphous ITO), indium-zinc oxide (IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), IFO (F-doped In 2 O 3 ), tin oxide (SnO 2 ), ATO (Sb-doped SnO 2 ), FTO (F-doped SnO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO, Al-doped) ZnO and B-doped ZnO).
- a projector apparatus As a display apparatus of the present disclosure, a projector apparatus, an image display apparatus, a monitor apparatus, and the first or second aspect of the present disclosure that include the semiconductor optical device according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present disclosure as a light source.
- Examples thereof include a reflective liquid crystal display device including a semiconductor optical device according to an aspect as a light source, a head mounted display (HMD), a head-up display (HUD), and various types of illumination.
- the semiconductor optical device according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present disclosure can be used as a light source of a microscope.
- Example 1 relates to a semiconductor optical device according to the first and second aspects of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic layout of components of the semiconductor optical device of Example 1
- FIG. 3A shows a schematic end view of the semiconductor optical device of Example 1 along arrow AA in FIG.
- FIG. 3B shows a schematic end view of the semiconductor optical device of Example 1 along arrow BB in FIG.
- the current regulation region is hatched to clarify the current regulation region.
- FIG. 10A, FIG. 10B, FIG. 11A, FIG. 11B, FIG. 12, FIG. 13A, and FIG. 13B described later the current regulation region is hatched to clarify the current regulation region.
- a first end face 21 that emits light and a second end face that faces the first end face 21 are formed by laminating a first compound semiconductor layer 31, an active layer 33 made of a compound semiconductor, and a second compound semiconductor layer 32.
- Current regulation region 41 It has.
- An antireflective coating layer (AR) or a low reflection coating layer is formed on the first end surface 21, and a high reflection coating layer (HR) is formed on the second end surface 22, but these coating layers are illustrated. Is omitted.
- the distance from the bottom surface of the first compound semiconductor layer 31 to the bottom surface of the current regulation region 41 is H 1
- the bottom surface of the first compound semiconductor layer 31 is H 2
- the thickness of the first compound semiconductor layer 31 to T 1 is H 1
- the thickness of the active layer 33 to T 3 is H 2
- the second compound semiconductor layer to the top surface of the ridge stripe adjacent portion 40 excluding the current regulation region 41 when 32 of the thickness was T 2
- H 1 ⁇ T 1 (1)
- the bottom surface of the current regulation region 41 is located below the active layer 33, and the top surface of the ridge stripe adjacent portion 40 excluding the current regulation region 41 is located above the active layer 33.
- the bottom surface of the current regulation region 41 may be located at the same position as the bottom surface of the first compound semiconductor layer 31 or at a lower position. That is, (H 1 ⁇ T 1 ) ⁇ 0 You may be satisfied. In other words, when the value of H 1 toward the active layer is positive with respect to the bottom surface of the first compound semiconductor layer 31, H 1 can take positive and negative values including zero.
- the current regulation region 41 is formed from the ridge stripe structure portion 20. Prevent leakage current flow.
- the current regulation region 41 includes a recess 42 formed in the first compound semiconductor layer 31.
- the stacked structure 30 including the first compound semiconductor layer 31 having the n-type conductivity, the active layer 33, and the second compound semiconductor layer 32 having the p-type conductivity is formed of AlGaInP. It consists of a compound semiconductor.
- An n-GaAs substrate was used as the substrate 10.
- the semiconductor optical device of Example 1 emits red light.
- the active layer 33 has a quantum well structure in which a well layer made of a GaInP layer or an AlGaInP layer and a barrier layer made of an AlGaInP layer having a different composition are stacked.
- the structure of the laminated structure 30 made of a GaInP-based compound semiconductor in the semiconductor optical device of Example 1 is shown in Table 1 below, and the compound semiconductor layer described at the bottom is formed on the substrate 10.
- the active layer 33 has a multiple quantum well structure. Specifically, the barrier layer has four layers and the well layer has three layers. The same applies to Examples 2 to 6 described later.
- Second compound semiconductor layer 32 Contact layer p-GaAs: Zn doped second cladding layer p-AlInP: Zn doped second guide layer AlGaInP Active layer 33 Well layer / barrier layer GaInP / AlGaInP First compound semiconductor layer 31 First guide layer AlGaInP First cladding layer n-AlInP: Si-doped buffer layer 11 n-GaInP
- FIGS. 15A and 15B are schematic partial cross-sectional views and partial end views of a substrate or the like similar to that along arrow AA in FIG. A method will be described.
- the laminated structure 30 including the active layer 33 is formed on the substrate 10.
- various compound semiconductor layers are grown by MOCVD.
- phosphine (PH 3 ) is used as a phosphorus raw material
- trimethylgallium (TMG) gas or triethylgallium (TEG) is used as a gallium raw material.
- TMG trimethylgallium
- TMG triethylgallium
- SiH 4 gas monosilane gas
- cyclopentadienylmagnesium gas as the Mg source May be used.
- the buffer layer 11 and the first compound semiconductor are formed on the main surface of the substrate 10 made of an n-GaAs substrate based on a normal MOCVD method, that is, an MOCVD method using an organic metal or a hydrogen compound as a source gas.
- the layer 31, the active layer 33, and the second compound semiconductor layer 32 are epitaxially grown. In this manner, a structure shown in a schematic partial cross-sectional view in FIG. 15A can be obtained.
- Step-110 Thereafter, based on the well-known photolithography technique and etching technique, a part of the laminated structure 30 is etched to form the ridge stripe structure part 20 having a certain width, and further, the concave part 42 is formed. Specifically, a predetermined portion of the second compound semiconductor layer 32 is etched in the thickness direction to remove a part of the thickness direction, and the second compound semiconductor layer 32 is further formed in a region where the recess 42 is to be formed. The active layer 33 and the first compound semiconductor layer 31 are partially etched in the thickness direction. In this way, the ridge stripe structure 20 and the recess 42 can be formed as shown in the schematic partial end view of FIG. 15B.
- an insulating film 36 made of SiO 2 , SiN, or Al 2 O 3 is formed (deposited) on the entire surface based on the CVD method. Then, the insulating film 36 on the top surface of the second compound semiconductor layer 32 is removed by photolithography technique and etching technique, and further, the insulating film is formed from the exposed top surface of the second compound semiconductor layer 32 based on the lift-off method. The second electrode 35 is formed over the surface 36. Moreover, the 1st electrode 34 is formed in the back surface of the board
- An SLD having the same configuration and structure as in Example 1 was made as a comparative example 1 except that the current regulation region 41 was not provided.
- the full width at half maximum of the emission spectrum of the light emitted from the first end face 21 increased three times.
- the intensity of the emitted light was 1.2 in the SLD of Example 1 when the light intensity of the SLD of Comparative Example 1 was “1”. In this case, since the spectrum width can be considerably increased, the output can be further increased by the resonator length or the like.
- the current regulation region satisfies the above formula (1), and the ridge stripe adjacent portion excluding the current regulation region satisfies the above formula (2).
- the current regulation region prevents a leakage current from flowing from the ridge stripe structure. That is, current leakage (leakage current) from the spontaneous emission light generation region (the portion of the ridge stripe structure near the second end face) that is a light generation source to the adjacent ridge stripe is suppressed. Therefore, as a result of carriers remaining in the ridge stripe structure portion and acting effectively, it is possible to achieve an increase in carrier density, an accompanying increase in the intensity of spontaneous emission light, and an increase in the emission spectrum width of the spontaneous emission light.
- the current regulation region is formed away from the strong light portion in the laminated structure, the current regulation region does not cause a decrease in the reliability of the semiconductor optical device.
- the rise of the optical output with respect to the current can be improved and the operation can be performed even at a low current, the application range is expanded. Furthermore, it is possible to improve the light emission efficiency at the time of high light output by optimizing the structure of the active layer and allocating useless current to increase the light output.
- the emission spectrum width can be widened, the ridge stripe structure can be lengthened, and an ultra-high light output can be achieved.
- low coherence can be achieved with low current drive, so that the power consumption and efficiency of the semiconductor optical device can be reduced.
- Example 2 is a modification of Example 1.
- FIG. 4A shows a schematic end view of the semiconductor optical device according to the second embodiment similar to that taken along the arrow AA in FIG. 1.
- the recess 42 has an insulating layer made of AlN. Material 43 is embedded. Except for this point, the configuration and structure of the semiconductor optical device of the second embodiment have the same configuration and structure as those of the semiconductor optical device of the first embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the formation of the recess 42 is omitted in [Step-110] of Example 1, and the second compound semiconductor layer in which the recess 42 is to be formed after [Step-120].
- the recess 42 is filled with an insulating material 43 made of AlN according to a known method. Good.
- Example 3 is also a modification of Example 1.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic layout of the components of the semiconductor optical device of Example 3
- FIG. 4B shows a schematic end view of the semiconductor optical device of Example 3 along the arrow AA in FIG.
- the current regulation region 41 is composed of an insulating layer 44 made of AlN.
- the configuration and structure of the semiconductor optical device according to the third embodiment have the same configuration and structure as those of the semiconductor optical device according to the first embodiment.
- the formation of the recess 42 is omitted in [Step-110] of Example 1, and the second compound semiconductor layer in which the recess 42 is to be formed after [Step-120].
- the active layer 33 and a part of the first compound semiconductor layer 31 in the thickness direction are removed by etching, and then the insulating layer 44 made of AlN is formed on the first current regulation region 41 in accordance with a well-known method. What is necessary is just to form on the area
- Example 4 is also a modification of Example 1.
- 5A and 5B show schematic end views of the semiconductor optical device of Example 4 similar to that taken along the arrow AA in FIG.
- the current regulation region 41 is composed of a compound semiconductor layer 45 subjected to ion implantation.
- the layer 45 made of a compound semiconductor subjected to ion implantation is a part of the first compound semiconductor layer 31 in the thickness direction / active layer 33 / second compound semiconductor layer 32. 5B, or a part of the first compound semiconductor layer 31 in the thickness direction / a layered structure of the active layer 33, as shown in FIG. 5B.
- the first compound semiconductor layer 31 may be composed of a part in the thickness direction.
- Example 4 since the laminated structure 30 is composed of an InP-based compound semiconductor, the ion species is iron (Fe). Except for the above points, the configuration and structure of the semiconductor optical device of Example 4 have the same configuration and structure as those of the semiconductor optical device of Example 1, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the formation of the recess 42 is omitted, and after [Step-120], the second compound in which the current regulation region 41 is to be formed Ions are implanted into a part of the semiconductor layer 32, the active layer 33, and the first compound semiconductor layer 31 in the thickness direction, or the active layer 33 and the first compound semiconductor layer 31 in which the current regulation region 41 is to be formed.
- the ion implantation is performed on a part in the thickness direction of the first compound semiconductor layer 31 or the ion implantation is performed on a part in the thickness direction of the first compound semiconductor layer 31 where the current regulation region 41 is to be formed
- the restriction area 41 can be obtained.
- Example 5 is also a modification of Example 1.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic end view of the semiconductor optical device of Example 5 similar to that taken along the arrow AA in FIG.
- the current regulation region 41 is a compound semiconductor layer that blocks a current flow from the second compound semiconductor layer 32 to the first compound semiconductor layer 31 via the current regulation region 41. It is comprised from the laminated structure (reverse pn laminated structure).
- the stacked structure includes a compound semiconductor layer 46A having a p-type conductivity and a compound semiconductor layer 46B having an n-type conductivity from the bottom.
- the compound semiconductor layers 46 ⁇ / b> A and 46 ⁇ / b> B are composed of a compound semiconductor of the same system as the compound semiconductor constituting the stacked structure 30.
- the interface between the compound semiconductor layer 46 ⁇ / b> A and the compound semiconductor layer 46 ⁇ / b> B is located on the side surface of the active layer 33. By setting it as such a structure, it can suppress that an electric current flows into the 1st compound semiconductor layer 31 from the 2nd compound semiconductor layer 32 through a laminated structure.
- the configuration and structure of the semiconductor optical device according to the fifth embodiment have the same configuration and structure as those of the semiconductor optical device according to the first embodiment.
- Example 6 is also a modification of Example 1.
- 7A, 7B, and 7C are schematic partial end views showing the manufacturing process of the semiconductor optical device according to the sixth embodiment, similar to those taken along the arrow AA in FIG. In this case, the recess 12 is formed in advance in the region of the substrate 10 where the current regulation region 41 is to be formed.
- the substrate 10 having the recess 12 formed in advance in the region where the current regulation region 41 is to be formed is prepared (see FIG. 7A).
- the laminated structure 30 including the active layer 33 is formed on the substrate 10 in the same manner as in [Step-100] of the first embodiment. In this way, a structure shown in a schematic partial cross-sectional view in FIG. 7B can be obtained. 7A, 7B, and 7C, the buffer layer 11 is not shown.
- a part of the laminated structure 30 is etched based on the well-known photolithography technique and etching technique to form the ridge stripe structure portion 20 having a certain width.
- Example 7C a structure having a schematic partial cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 7C can be obtained. Thereafter, the same process as [Step-120] in Example 1 is performed, so that the semiconductor optical device in Example 6 can be obtained.
- Example 7 relates to a display device of the present disclosure.
- the display device is a raster scan type projector device provided with a semiconductor optical device as a light source.
- This projector apparatus performs raster scan of light using a semiconductor optical device made of SLD as a light source, and displays the image by controlling the luminance of the light in accordance with the image to be displayed.
- each of the light from the red light emitting semiconductor optical device 101R, the green light emitting semiconductor optical device 101G, and the blue light emitting semiconductor optical device 101B is combined into one light beam by the dichroic prisms 102R, 102G, and 102B.
- the light beam is scanned by the horizontal scanner 103 and the vertical scanner 104 and projected onto the irradiation surface 105 that displays an image or video such as a screen or a wall surface, whereby an image can be obtained.
- the horizontal scanner 103 and the vertical scanner 104 can be, for example, a combination of a polygon mirror and a galvano scanner.
- the horizontal scanner and the vertical scanner can include, for example, a combination of a plurality of DMD (Digital Micro-mirror Device) manufactured using MEMS technology and a polygon mirror or a galvano scanner.
- DMD Digital Micro-mirror Device
- a structure in which a vertical scanner is integrated that is, a two-dimensional spatial modulation element in which DMDs are arranged in a two-dimensional matrix, or a two-dimensional MEMS scanner that performs two-dimensional scanning with one DMD. It can also be configured. Furthermore, a refractive index modulation type scanner such as an acousto-optic effect scanner or an electro-optic effect scanner may be used.
- the display device includes an image generation device 201R including a GLV element 203R and a light source (semiconductor optical device for red light emission, SLD) 202R, a GLV element 203G and a light source (semiconductor for green light emission).
- an image generation device 201R including a GLV element 203R and a light source (semiconductor optical device for red light emission, SLD) 202R, a GLV element 203G and a light source (semiconductor for green light emission).
- the image generation apparatus 201G includes an optical device (SLD) 202G, and the image generation apparatus 201B includes a GLV element 203B and a light source (blue-emitting semiconductor optical device, SLD) 202B.
- the red light emitted from the light source (red light emitting semiconductor optical device) 202R is indicated by a dotted line
- the green light emitted from the light source (green light emitting semiconductor optical device) 202G is indicated by a solid line
- the blue light emitted from the semiconductor optical device 202B is indicated by a one-dot chain line.
- the display device further condenses the light emitted from these light sources 202R, 202G, 202B and makes it incident on the GLV elements 203R, 203G, 203B, GLV elements 203R, 203G, The light emitted from 203B is incident, and the L-shaped prism 204 that collects the light of the three primary colors, the lens 205 and the spatial filter 206 through which the combined light of the three primary colors passes, and the single light that passes through the spatial filter 206 are combined.
- An imaging lens (not shown) to be imaged, a scan mirror (galvano scanner) 207 that scans one light beam that has passed through the imaging lens, and a screen (irradiation surface) that projects light scanned by the scan mirror 207 It is comprised from 208.
- the present disclosure has been described based on the preferred embodiments, the present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments.
- the configuration and structure of the semiconductor optical device and the display device described in the embodiments and the method for manufacturing the semiconductor optical device are examples, and can be appropriately changed. Similar results could be obtained even when the active layer was composed of a GaInN compound semiconductor shown in Table 2 below instead of the GaInP compound semiconductor. That is, the laminated structure is made of an AlInGaN-based compound semiconductor, and the active layer has a quantum well structure in which a well layer made of an AlInGaN layer and a barrier layer made of an AlInGaN layer having a different In composition are laminated.
- the compound semiconductor layer described at the bottom is formed on a substrate 10 made of an n-GaN substrate.
- the semiconductor optical device having the composition shown in Table 2 emits blue or green light.
- the current regulation regions are provided on both sides of the ridge stripe adjacent portion, but may be provided only on one side of the ridge stripe adjacent portion.
- the semiconductor optical device is composed of a super luminescent diode (SLD).
- SLD super luminescent diode
- a semiconductor laser element or a semiconductor optical amplifier is formed from the laminated structure 30 (see Table 1) described in the first example. It can also be configured.
- the semiconductor laser element and the semiconductor optical amplifier have the same configuration and structure as the SLD described in the first embodiment except that the light reflectance of the first end face 21 and the second end face 22 is different from that of the first embodiment.
- Second compound semiconductor layer 32 Contact layer p-GaN: Mg doped second cladding layer p-AlGaN: Mg doped second guide layer InGaN Active layer 33 Well layer / barrier layer InGaN / GaN First compound semiconductor layer 31 First guide layer InGaN First cladding layer n-AlGaN: Si-doped buffer layer 11 n-GaN
- the planar shape of the current regulating region 41 is a single strip shape (a shape having a constant width) extending linearly, but the planar shape of the current regulating region 41 is limited to this. It is not a thing.
- the ridge stripe structure 20 has a shape extending linearly, but is not limited to this, and may have a so-called flare structure as well as a constant width.
- 10A, FIG. 10B, FIG. 11A, FIG. 11B, and FIG. 12 show schematic arrangement diagrams of the components of the semiconductor optical device for showing the planar shape of the current regulation region, and show the planar shape of the ridge stripe structure portion.
- 13A and 13B show schematic arrangement diagrams of components of the semiconductor optical device for the purpose.
- 14A, FIG. 14B, FIG. 14C, and FIG. 14D show outlines of a ridge stripe structure portion having a flare structure.
- the planar shape of the current regulation region 41 may be a tapered shape (see FIG. 10A) or a flared shape (see FIG. 10B).
- a plurality of dot-like (dot-like) shapes see FIG. 11A
- a plurality of belt-like shapes see FIG. 11B
- the ridge stripe structure portion 20 can be configured to extend in a state in which a plurality of line segments are combined as shown in FIG. 13A, or extend in a curved shape as shown in FIG. 13B. It can also be in the form. Further, as shown in FIG.
- the width of the ridge stripe structure 20 may be the widest at the first end face 21 and gradually narrow toward the second end face 22.
- the width of the ridge stripe structure portion 20 is the widest at the first end face 21, is constant toward the second end face 22, and then gradually narrows toward the second end face 22. It may be.
- the width of the ridge stripe structure portion 20 is widest at the first end face 21, is constant toward the second end face 22, and then gradually narrows toward the second end face 22. Then, it may be constant toward the second end face 22.
- FIG. 14A the width of the ridge stripe structure 20 may be the widest at the first end face 21 and gradually narrow toward the second end face 22.
- the width of the ridge stripe structure portion 20 is the widest at the first end face 21, is constant toward the second end face 22, and then gradually narrows toward the second end face 22. Then, it may be constant toward the second end face 22.
- FIG. 14A the width of the ridge stripe structure 20 may be the wides
- the width of the ridge stripe structure portion 20 is the widest at the first end face 21, is constant toward the second end face 22, and then gradually narrows toward the second end face 22. Then, it may be constant toward the second end surface 22, then gradually widen toward the second end surface 22, and then constant toward the second end surface 22. Furthermore, as shown in the embodiment, the axis of the ridge stripe structure portion 20 may be orthogonal to the first end face 21 and the second end face 22, and as shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, It may intersect with one end face 21 at an angle. The second end face 22 may intersect at an angle.
- the ridge stripe structure 20 and the planar shape of the current regulation region 41 described above can be arbitrarily combined.
- a ridge stripe structure comprising a first compound semiconductor layer, an active layer made of a compound semiconductor, and a second compound semiconductor layer, and having a first end face that emits light and a second end face facing the first end face.
- a current regulation region provided adjacent to at least one of the ridge stripe adjacent portions located on both sides of the ridge stripe structure portion on the second end face side and spaced apart from the ridge stripe structure portion;
- the distance from the bottom surface of the first compound semiconductor layer to the bottom surface of the current regulation region is H 1
- the distance from the bottom surface of the first compound semiconductor layer to the top surface of the ridge stripe adjacent portion excluding the current regulation region is H 2
- the first compound When the thickness of the semiconductor layer is T 1 , the thickness of the active layer is T 3
- the thickness of the second compound semiconductor layer is T 2 , H 1 ⁇ T 1 T 1 + T 3 ⁇ H 2 ⁇ T 1 + T 3 + T 2 Satisfying semiconductor optical device.
- a ridge stripe structure comprising a first compound semiconductor layer, an active layer made of a compound semiconductor, and a second compound semiconductor layer, and having a first end face that emits light and a second end face facing the first end face.
- a current regulation region provided adjacent to at least one of the ridge stripe adjacent portions located on both sides of the ridge stripe structure portion on the second end face side and spaced apart from the ridge stripe structure portion;
- a ridge stripe structure comprising a first compound semiconductor layer, an active layer made of a compound semiconductor, and a second compound semiconductor layer, and having a first end face that emits light and a second end face facing the first end face.
- a current regulation region provided adjacent to at least one of the ridge stripe adjacent portions located on both sides of the ridge stripe structure portion on the second end face side and spaced apart from the ridge stripe structure portion;
- the current regulation region is a semiconductor optical device that blocks the flow of leakage current from the ridge stripe structure.
- the current regulation region includes a stacked structure of compound semiconductor layers that prevents a current flow from the second compound semiconductor layer to the first compound semiconductor layer via the current regulation region [A01] to [A08]. ]
- [A14] The semiconductor optical device according to any one of [A01] to [A13], which constitutes a superluminescent diode, a semiconductor laser element, or a semiconductor optical amplifier.
- Laminated structure of compound semiconductor layers 101R, 101G, 101B ...
- Semiconductor optical device 102R, 102G, 102B ... die Loic prism, 103 ... Horizontal scanner, 104 ... Vertical scanner, 105 ... Irradiation surface, 201R, 201G, 201B ... Image generation device, 202R, 202G, 202B ...
- Semiconductor optical device (light source) , 203R, 203G, 203B ... GLV element, 204 ... L-shaped prism, 205 ... lens, 206 ... spatial filter, 207 ... scan mirror (galvano scanner), 208 ... screen
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Abstract
Description
第1化合物半導体層、化合物半導体から成る活性層、及び、第2化合物半導体層が積層されて成り、光を出射する第1端面、及び、第1端面と対向する第2端面を有するリッジストライプ構造部、並びに、
リッジストライプ構造部の両側に位置するリッジストライプ隣接部の少なくとも一方に、第2端面側において隣接し、且つ、リッジストライプ構造部と離間して設けられた電流規制領域、
を備えている。
H1≦T1 (1)
T1+T3≦H2≦T1+T3+T2 (2)
を満足する。云い換えれば、電流規制領域の底面は活性層よりも下方に位置し、電流規制領域を除くリッジストライプ隣接部の頂面は活性層よりも上方に位置する。ここで、リッジストライプ隣接部の頂面側に向かう方向のH1の値を正としたとき、H1は、0を含む正負、どちらの値も取り得る。
1.本開示の第1の態様及び第2の態様に係る半導体光デバイス、並びに、本開示の表示装置、全般に関する説明
2.実施例1(本開示の第1の態様及び第2の態様に係る半導体光デバイス)
3.実施例2(実施例1の変形)
4.実施例3(実施例1の別の変形)
5.実施例4(実施例1の更に別の変形)
6.実施例5(実施例1の更に別の変形)
7.実施例6(実施例1の更に別の変形)
8.実施例7(本開示の表示装置)、その他
本開示の第1の態様あるいは第2の態様に係る半導体光デバイス、本開示の表示装置を構成する半導体光デバイス(以下、これらを総称して、単に、『本開示の半導体光デバイス』と呼ぶ場合がある)において、リッジストライプ構造部の長さをL0、電流規制領域の長さをL1としたとき、
0.1≦L1/L0<1.0
好ましくは、
0.1≦L1/L0≦0.3
を満足する形態とすることができる。
DS1/L0<1.0
好ましくは、
DS1/L0≦0.3
を満足する形態とすることができる。また、電流規制領域の第2端面側の端部から第2端面までの距離をDS2としたとき、
DS1/L0>DS2/L0≧0
を満足する形態とすることができる。
(1)第1化合物半導体層の厚さ方向の一部/活性層/第2化合物半導体層の厚さ方向の一部の積層構造
(2)第1化合物半導体層の厚さ方向の一部/活性層の積層構造、又は、
(3)第1化合物半導体層の厚さ方向の一部
を挙げることができる。イオン注入するイオン種として、化合物半導体層が、GaAs系化合物半導体から成る場合、ホウ素(B)やプロトン(H)を挙げることができるし、InP系化合物半導体から成る場合、鉄(Fe)を挙げることができるし、GaN系化合物半導体から成る場合、鉄(Fe)やホウ素(B)を挙げることができる。尚、イオン注入処理が施されているか否かは、SIMS等の解析によってイオンの存在を特定することができるし、SSRM(走査型広がり抵抗顕微鏡法、Scanning Spreading Resistance Microscopy)、SNDM(非線形誘電率顕微鏡、Scanning Non-linear Dielectric Microscope)等で半導体光デバイスの断面の電気伝導性、極性、誘電率等を測定することによって検出することもできる。
第1化合物半導体層31、化合物半導体から成る活性層33、及び、第2化合物半導体層32が積層されて成り、光を出射する第1端面21、及び、第1端面21と対向する第2端面22を有するリッジストライプ構造部20、並びに、
リッジストライプ構造部20の両側に位置するリッジストライプ隣接部40の少なくとも一方に(各実施例においては両側に)、第2端面側において隣接し、且つ、リッジストライプ構造部20と離間して設けられた電流規制領域41、
を備えている。第1端面21には無反射コート層(AR)あるいは低反射コート層が形成されており、第2端面22には高反射コート層(HR)が形成されているが、これらのコート層の図示は省略している。
H1≦T1 (1)
T1+T3≦H2≦T1+T3+T2 (2)
を満足する。あるいは又、云い換えれば、電流規制領域41の底面は活性層33よりも下方に位置し、電流規制領域41を除くリッジストライプ隣接部40の頂面は活性層33よりも上方に位置する。電流規制領域41の底面は、第1化合物半導体層31の底面と同じ位置、あるいは、低い位置に位置してもよい。即ち、
(H1-T1)≦0
を満足していてもよい。云い換えれば、第1化合物半導体層31の底面を基準とし、活性層側に向かうH1の値を正としたとき、H1は0を含む正負の値を取り得る。また、本開示の第2の態様に係る半導体光デバイス、あるいは、本開示の第1の態様に係る半導体光デバイスの好ましい態様に則って説明すると、電流規制領域41はリッジストライプ構造部20からの漏れ電流の流れを阻止する。
0.1≦L1/L0<1.0
を満足する。更には、電流規制領域41の第1端面21側の端部から第2端面22までの距離をDS1としたとき、
DS1/L0<1.0
を満足し、電流規制領域41の第2端面22側の端部から第2端面22までの距離をDS2としたとき、
DS2/L0≧0
を満足する。具体的には、
L1/L0 =0.5
DS1/L0=0.5
DS2/L0=0.0
とした。
第2化合物半導体層32
コンタクト層 p-GaAs:Znドープ
第2クラッド層 p-AlInP:Znドープ
第2ガイド層 AlGaInP
活性層33
井戸層/障壁層 GaInP/AlGaInP
第1化合物半導体層31
第1ガイド層 AlGaInP
第1クラッド層 n-AlInP:Siドープ
バッファ層11 n-GaInP
先ず、基板10上に、活性層33を含む積層構造体30を形成する。具体的には、MOCVD法にて各種の化合物半導体層を結晶成長させるが、このとき、例えば、リン原料としてホスフィン(PH3)を用い、ガリウム原料としてトリメチルガリウム(TMG)ガスあるいはトリエチルガリウム(TEG)ガスを用い、アルミニウム原料としてトリメチルアルミニウム(TMA)ガスを用い、In原料としてトリメチルインジウム(TMI)ガスを用い、シリコン原料としてモノシランガス(SiH4ガス)を用い、Mg源としてシクロペンタジエニルマグネシウムガスを用いればよい。より具体的には、n-GaAs基板から成る基板10の主面上に、通常のMOCVD法、即ち、有機金属や水素化合物を原料ガスとするMOCVD法に基づき、バッファ層11、第1化合物半導体層31、活性層33、第2化合物半導体層32をエピタキシャル成長させる。こうして、図15Aに模式的な一部断面図を示す構造を得ることができる。
その後、周知のフォトリソグラフィ技術及びエッチング技術に基づき、積層構造体30の一部分をエッチングして、一定の幅を有するリッジストライプ構造部20を形成し、更に、凹部42を形成する。具体的には、第2化合物半導体層32の所定の部分を厚さ方向にエッチングして厚さ方向の一部を除去し、更に、凹部42を形成すべき領域において、第2化合物半導体層32、活性層33及び第1化合物半導体層31の厚さ方向の一部をエッチングする。こうして、図15Bに模式的な一部端面図を示すように、リッジストライプ構造部20及び凹部42を形成することができる。
次に、全面に、CVD法に基づきSiO2やSiN、Al2O3から成る絶縁膜36を形成(成膜)する。そして、第2化合物半導体層32の頂面上の絶縁膜36をフォトリソグラフィ技術及びエッチング技術によって除去し、更に、リフト・オフ法に基づき、露出した第2化合物半導体層32の頂面から絶縁膜36の上に亙り、第2電極35を形成する。また、基板10の裏面に、周知の方法に基づき第1電極34を形成する。こうして、実施例1の半導体光デバイスを得ることができる(図1、図3A、図3B参照)。
第2化合物半導体層32
コンタクト層 p-GaN:Mgドープ
第2クラッド層 p-AlGaN:Mgドープ
第2ガイド層 InGaN
活性層33
井戸層/障壁層 InGaN/GaN
第1化合物半導体層31
第1ガイド層 InGaN
第1クラッド層 n-AlGaN:Siドープ
バッファ層11 n-GaN
[A01]《半導体光デバイス・・・第1の態様》
第1化合物半導体層、化合物半導体から成る活性層、及び、第2化合物半導体層が積層されて成り、光を出射する第1端面、及び、第1端面と対向する第2端面を有するリッジストライプ構造部、並びに、
リッジストライプ構造部の両側に位置するリッジストライプ隣接部の少なくとも一方に、第2端面側において隣接し、且つ、リッジストライプ構造部と離間して設けられた電流規制領域、
を備えており、
第1化合物半導体層の底面から電流規制領域の底面までの距離をH1、第1化合物半導体層の底面から電流規制領域を除くリッジストライプ隣接部の頂面までの距離をH2、第1化合物半導体層の厚さをT1、活性層の厚さをT3、第2化合物半導体層の厚さをT2としたとき、
H1≦T1
T1+T3≦H2≦T1+T3+T2
を満足する半導体光デバイス。
[A02]
第1化合物半導体層、化合物半導体から成る活性層、及び、第2化合物半導体層が積層されて成り、光を出射する第1端面、及び、第1端面と対向する第2端面を有するリッジストライプ構造部、並びに、
リッジストライプ構造部の両側に位置するリッジストライプ隣接部の少なくとも一方に、第2端面側において隣接し、且つ、リッジストライプ構造部と離間して設けられた電流規制領域、
を備えており、
電流規制領域の底面は活性層よりも下方に位置し、電流規制領域を除くリッジストライプ隣接部の頂面は活性層よりも上方に位置する半導体光デバイス。
[A03]リッジストライプ構造部の長さをL0、電流規制領域の長さをL1としたとき、
0.1≦L1/L0<1.0
を満足する[A01]又は[A02]に記載の半導体光デバイス。
[A04]電流規制領域の第1端面側の端部から第2端面までの距離をDS1、リッジストライプ構造部の長さをL0としたとき、
DS1/L0<1.0
を満足する[A01]乃至[A03]のいずれか1項に記載の半導体光デバイス。
[A05]電流規制領域は、リッジストライプ構造部からの漏れ電流の流れを阻止する[A01]乃至[A04]のいずれか1項に記載の半導体光デバイス。
[A06]《半導体光デバイス・・・第2の態様》
第1化合物半導体層、化合物半導体から成る活性層、及び、第2化合物半導体層が積層されて成り、光を出射する第1端面、及び、第1端面と対向する第2端面を有するリッジストライプ構造部、並びに、
リッジストライプ構造部の両側に位置するリッジストライプ隣接部の少なくとも一方に、第2端面側において隣接し、且つ、リッジストライプ構造部と離間して設けられた電流規制領域、
を備えており、
電流規制領域は、リッジストライプ構造部からの漏れ電流の流れを阻止する半導体光デバイス。
[A07]リッジストライプ構造部の長さをL0、電流規制領域の長さをL1としたとき、
0.1≦L1/L0<1.0
を満足する[A06]に記載の半導体光デバイス。
[A08]電流規制領域の第1端面側の端部から第2端面までの距離をDS1、リッジストライプ構造部の長さをL0としたとき、
DS1/L0<1.0
を満足する[A06]又は[A07]に記載の半導体光デバイス。
[A09]電流規制領域は、第1化合物半導体層に形成された凹部から成る[A01]乃至[A08]のいずれか1項に記載の半導体光デバイス。
[A10]凹部には絶縁材料が埋め込まれている[A09]に記載の半導体光デバイス。
[A11]電流規制領域は、イオン注入が施された化合物半導体の層から成る[A01]乃至[A08]のいずれか1項に記載の半導体光デバイス。
[A12]電流規制領域は、絶縁層から構成されている[A01]乃至[A08]のいずれか1項に記載の半導体光デバイス。
[A13]電流規制領域は、電流規制領域を経由した第2化合物半導体層から第1化合物半導体層への電流の流れを阻止する化合物半導体層の積層構造から構成されている[A01]乃至[A08]のいずれか1項に記載の半導体光デバイス。
[A14]スーパールミネッセントダイオード、半導体レーザ素子、又は、半導体光増幅器を構成する[A01]乃至[A13]のいずれか1項に記載の半導体光デバイス。
[B01]《表示装置》
[A01]乃至[A14]のいずれか1項に記載の発光素子を備えている表示装置。
Claims (14)
- 第1化合物半導体層、化合物半導体から成る活性層、及び、第2化合物半導体層が積層されて成り、光を出射する第1端面、及び、第1端面と対向する第2端面を有するリッジストライプ構造部、並びに、
リッジストライプ構造部の両側に位置するリッジストライプ隣接部の少なくとも一方に、第2端面側において隣接し、且つ、リッジストライプ構造部と離間して設けられた電流規制領域、
を備えており、
第1化合物半導体層の底面から電流規制領域の底面までの距離をH1、第1化合物半導体層の底面から電流規制領域を除くリッジストライプ隣接部の頂面までの距離をH2、第1化合物半導体層の厚さをT1、活性層の厚さをT3、第2化合物半導体層の厚さをT2としたとき、
H1≦T1
T1+T3≦H2≦T1+T3+T2
を満足する半導体光デバイス。 - リッジストライプ構造部の長さをL0、電流規制領域の長さをL1としたとき、
0.1≦L1/L0<1.0
を満足する請求項1に記載の半導体光デバイス。 - 電流規制領域の第1端面側の端部から第2端面までの距離をDS1、リッジストライプ構造部の長さをL0としたとき、
DS1/L0<1.0
を満足する請求項1に記載の半導体光デバイス。 - 電流規制領域は、リッジストライプ構造部からの漏れ電流の流れを阻止する請求項1に記載の半導体光デバイス。
- 第1化合物半導体層、化合物半導体から成る活性層、及び、第2化合物半導体層が積層されて成り、光を出射する第1端面、及び、第1端面と対向する第2端面を有するリッジストライプ構造部、並びに、
リッジストライプ構造部の両側に位置するリッジストライプ隣接部の少なくとも一方に、第2端面側において隣接し、且つ、リッジストライプ構造部と離間して設けられた電流規制領域、
を備えており、
電流規制領域は、リッジストライプ構造部からの漏れ電流の流れを阻止する半導体光デバイス。 - リッジストライプ構造部の長さをL0、電流規制領域の長さをL1としたとき、
0.1≦L1/L0<1.0
を満足する請求項5に記載の半導体光デバイス。 - 電流規制領域の第1端面側の端部から第2端面までの距離をDS1、リッジストライプ構造部の長さをL0としたとき、
DS1/L0<1.0
を満足する請求項5に記載の半導体光デバイス。 - 電流規制領域は、第1化合物半導体層に形成された凹部から成る請求項1又は請求項5に記載の半導体光デバイス。
- 凹部には絶縁材料が埋め込まれている請求項8に記載の半導体光デバイス。
- 電流規制領域は、イオン注入が施された化合物半導体の層から成る請求項1又は請求項5に記載の半導体光デバイス。
- 電流規制領域は、絶縁層から構成されている請求項1又は請求項5に記載の半導体光デバイス。
- 電流規制領域は、電流規制領域を経由した第2化合物半導体層から第1化合物半導体層への電流の流れを阻止する化合物半導体層の積層構造から構成されている請求項1又は請求項5に記載の半導体光デバイス。
- スーパールミネッセントダイオード、半導体レーザ素子、又は、半導体光増幅器を構成する請求項1又は請求項5に記載の半導体光デバイス。
- 請求項1乃至請求項13のいずれか1項に記載の発光素子を備えている表示装置。
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