WO2015159899A1 - 荷重センサ付き軸受装置 - Google Patents

荷重センサ付き軸受装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015159899A1
WO2015159899A1 PCT/JP2015/061516 JP2015061516W WO2015159899A1 WO 2015159899 A1 WO2015159899 A1 WO 2015159899A1 JP 2015061516 W JP2015061516 W JP 2015061516W WO 2015159899 A1 WO2015159899 A1 WO 2015159899A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
bearing
mounting portion
cylindrical portion
sealing chamber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2015/061516
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
松田 靖之
植田 徹
真史 疋田
Original Assignee
日本精工株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 日本精工株式会社 filed Critical 日本精工株式会社
Priority to EP15779268.0A priority Critical patent/EP3133381A4/en
Priority to US15/127,945 priority patent/US20170130768A1/en
Publication of WO2015159899A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015159899A1/ja

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/52Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
    • F16C19/522Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions related to load on the bearing, e.g. bearings with load sensors or means to protect the bearing against overload
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G15/00Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
    • B60G15/02Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
    • B60G15/06Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
    • B60G15/067Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit
    • B60G15/068Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit specially adapted for MacPherson strut-type suspension
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/019Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the type of sensor or the arrangement thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T10/00Control or regulation for continuous braking making use of fluid or powdered medium, e.g. for use when descending a long slope
    • B60T10/02Control or regulation for continuous braking making use of fluid or powdered medium, e.g. for use when descending a long slope with hydrodynamic brake
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/04Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated
    • B60T7/042Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated by electrical means, e.g. using travel or force sensors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/12Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/12Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger
    • B60T7/16Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger operated by remote control, i.e. initiating means not mounted on vehicle
    • B60T7/18Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger operated by remote control, i.e. initiating means not mounted on vehicle operated by wayside apparatus
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/18Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to vehicle weight or load, e.g. load distribution
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/18Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to vehicle weight or load, e.g. load distribution
    • B60T8/1837Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to vehicle weight or load, e.g. load distribution characterised by the load-detecting arrangements
    • B60T8/1856Arrangements for detecting suspension spring load
    • B60T8/1875Arrangements for detecting suspension spring load comprising sensors of the type providing an electrical output signal representing the load on the vehicle suspension
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/10Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for axial load mainly
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/10Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for axial load mainly
    • F16C19/12Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for axial load mainly for supporting the end face of a shaft or other member, e.g. footstep bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D57/00Liquid-resistance brakes; Brakes using the internal friction of fluids or fluid-like media, e.g. powders
    • F16D57/04Liquid-resistance brakes; Brakes using the internal friction of fluids or fluid-like media, e.g. powders with blades causing a directed flow, e.g. Föttinger type
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01GWEIGHING
    • G01G19/00Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups
    • G01G19/08Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for incorporation in vehicles
    • G01G19/10Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for incorporation in vehicles having fluid weight-sensitive devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/02Measuring force or stress, in general by hydraulic or pneumatic means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0009Force sensors associated with a bearing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/11Mounting of sensors thereon
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/418Bearings, e.g. ball or roller bearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2400/00Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
    • B60G2400/50Pressure
    • B60G2400/51Pressure in suspension unit
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2400/00Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
    • B60G2400/60Load
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2233/00Monitoring condition, e.g. temperature, load, vibration
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/05Vehicle suspensions, e.g. bearings, pivots or connecting rods used therein

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technique for measuring a load in a direction in which a bearing is compressed, and particularly to a bearing device with a load sensor that is incorporated in a suspension device of an automobile and measures a tire load.
  • overloading may cause various problems as described below and must be avoided.
  • Patent Document 1 a load measuring device that is mounted on a vehicle itself and capable of measuring a load has been proposed.
  • the load measuring device disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a base assembly, a sensor element for detecting compressive strain, and a circuit board.
  • the two welded portions of the base assembly are welded to different mounting locations among the loaded members that expand and contract when a vehicle load is applied.
  • the sensor element for detecting compressive strain is supported by a base assembly.
  • the output of the compression strain detecting sensor element changes due to the base assembly extending and contracting in the direction in which the two welded parts approach and separate due to a change in the vehicle load.
  • An amplifier that amplifies the output of the compression strain detection sensor element is mounted on the circuit board.
  • the load measuring device of Patent Document 1 is a load measuring device that measures a load by detecting compressive strain.
  • the conventional load measuring device has a complicated structure as in Patent Document 1, and requires a circuit board, an amplifier, and the like, which incurs high costs.
  • the load measuring device is disposed at a place where it is easily subjected to an impact, there is a possibility that the circuit board, the amplifier, and the like may be hindered.
  • the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide a simple and inexpensive bearing device with a load sensor for detecting a compressive load acting on a bearing that rotatably supports an axial load. And overloading the vehicle.
  • the present invention provides: A first member having a mounting portion fixed to the vehicle side, and a cylindrical portion protruding from the mounting portion; A second member fixed on the end of the first member in the cylinder axis direction and disposed on the wheel side; A pair of bearing races interposed between the first member and the second member, and rotatably supporting an axial load around the cylindrical portion as an axis; A rolling element incorporated between the pair of bearing raceways; Have The bearing race disposed near the mounting portion is disposed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion, Between the first member and the bearing race near the mounting portion, a fluid sealing chamber in which a measurement fluid is sealed is provided, The pressure applied to the measurement fluid changes due to the movement of the bearing race near the mounting portion in the cylinder axis direction, The fluid sealing chamber is a bearing device with a load sensor provided with a pressure sensor capable of detecting a pressure change of the measurement fluid.
  • the first member constitutes a suspension device and is a cylinder fixed to the vehicle side;
  • the second member constitutes a suspension device and is a washer against which one end of a spring abuts,
  • the pair of bearing race rings is composed of an outer ring disposed on an outer periphery of the cylindrical portion of the cylinder and an inner ring disposed on the washer, and rotatably supports an axial load.
  • the fluid sealing chamber is formed between the mounting portion and the cylindrical portion of the cylinder, and the outer ring,
  • the pressure sensor may be a bearing device with a load sensor that is provided in the fluid sealing chamber via the mounting portion of the cylinder, and the detection portion faces the fluid sealing chamber.
  • a bearing device with a load sensor of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a bearing device) will be described with reference to the drawings.
  • the present embodiment shows an example in which the bearing device is used for a suspension device (suspension) of an automobile.
  • the present embodiment is an embodiment of the present invention, and is not construed as being limited thereto. The design can be changed within the scope of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 are views showing a bearing device of the present embodiment.
  • 5 and 6 show a form in which the bearing device of the present embodiment is incorporated in the suspension device 1 provided in an automobile (for example, a light commercial vehicle such as a truck or a van).
  • the upper side of the suspension device 1 is fixed to a body frame (cross member) of the automobile, and the lower side is fixed to an axle (axle) via a lower arm pivotally attached to the frame.
  • the suspension device 1 has a well-known configuration except that the bearing device of the present embodiment is incorporated, and is not construed as being limited to the illustrated example, and can be appropriately changed in design.
  • reference numeral 2 denotes a shock absorber
  • reference numeral 4 denotes a coil spring.
  • the bearing device will be described in detail, and the description of the configuration of the other suspension device 1 will be omitted.
  • the bearing device of this embodiment is a rolling bearing device that rotatably supports an axial load in the compression direction.
  • the bearing device includes a first member (cylinder) 8 and a second member (washer) 23.
  • the first member (cylinder) 8 includes an attachment portion 9 that is fixed to the vehicle side, and a cylindrical portion 19 that protrudes from the attachment portion 9, and constitutes the suspension device 1.
  • the second member (washer) 23 is integrally attached to the first member (cylinder) 8 in the vertical direction and disposed on the wheel side, and one end 5 of the coil spring 4 abuts in the vertical direction.
  • the second member (washer) 23 also constitutes the suspension device 1.
  • the bearing device is interposed between the first member (cylinder) 8 and the second member (washer) 23, and is capable of relatively rotating a pair of bearing race rings (an outer ring 25 and an inner ring 35), and a pair of bearing races.
  • a plurality of rolling elements (steel balls) 38 incorporated between the wheels (the outer ring 25 and the inner ring 35), a cage 39 for holding the plurality of rolling elements 38, the first member (cylinder) 8 and the mounting portion 9
  • a fluid sealing chamber 40 formed between the bearing race ring (outer ring 25) and a pressure sensor 44 that detects a pressure change in the fluid sealing chamber 40.
  • the attachment portion 9 of the first member (cylinder) 8 includes a disc-like attachment portion main body 10 having a through hole 13 at the center, and an annular flange 14 protruding from the outer periphery of the attachment portion main body 10 (FIG. 1). To FIG. 2).
  • the attachment portion main body 10 and the annular flange 14 are integrally formed.
  • the annular flange 14 has a predetermined height in the vertical direction (the direction indicated by the arrow 100 in the figure) and has a predetermined thickness in the horizontal direction (the direction indicated by the arrow 200 in the figure).
  • a sensor mounting hole 18 that penetrates the annular flange 14 in the horizontal direction is provided at a predetermined position of the annular flange 14 (see FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • a mount 6 fixed to the vehicle side is integrally attached to the outer surface (plane) 11 of the attachment portion main body 10.
  • Reference numeral 7 in the figure denotes a bolt for fastening the suspension device 1 to a vehicle (vehicle body) side (not shown).
  • the cylindrical portion 19 protrudes from the inner surface 12 of the mounting portion main body 10 and has a cylindrical shape with a predetermined outer diameter.
  • the cylindrical portion 19 has a second through-hole 20 that is coaxial with the through-hole 13 of the mounting portion body 10 and has the same inner diameter.
  • the cylindrical portion 19 is coaxial with the annular flange 14 of the mounting portion 9, has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the annular flange 14, and is perpendicular to the annular flange 14 (in the direction indicated by the arrow 100 in the figure). It protrudes (see FIG. 2).
  • Reference numeral 3 in FIG. 6 denotes a piston rod of the shock absorber 2 that passes through the second through hole 20 of the cylindrical portion 19 and the through hole 13 of the attachment portion main body 10 and is attached to the cylinder 8 integrally.
  • An annular space 50 having a predetermined depth in the vertical direction is formed between the outer periphery (outer diameter surface) 21 of the cylindrical portion 19 and the inner periphery (inner diameter surface) 16 of the annular flange 14 (see FIG. 2). .
  • a first groove portion 52 is provided on the inner surface (bottom surface) 12 of the mounting portion main body 10 located in the annular space 50 so as to be concentric with the annular flange 14 and the cylindrical portion 19.
  • the first groove portion 52 has an annular shape when viewed from the vertical direction (see FIG. 1), and is semicircular when viewed in cross section (see FIG. 2).
  • one bearing race ring (outer ring) 25 that is externally fitted to the outer periphery 21 of the cylindrical portion 19 is disposed.
  • the outer ring 25 is slidable in the cylinder axis direction (the same direction as the vertical direction indicated by 100 in the figure) with respect to each of the cylindrical portion 19 and the annular flange 14.
  • the outer ring 25 has a thick annular shape in the vertical direction (direction indicated by reference numeral 100 in the drawing) and the horizontal direction (direction indicated by arrow 200 in the drawing).
  • An outer ring raceway 28 is formed on the lower surface side (bottom surface side) 26 in the vertical direction of the outer ring 25.
  • a second groove portion 54 is provided concentrically with the annular flange 14 and the cylindrical portion 19 on the upper surface side (planar side) 27 in the vertical direction of the outer ring 25 (see FIG. 2).
  • the second groove portion 54 has an annular shape when viewed from the vertical direction, and has a semicircular shape in a cross-sectional view. That is, the first groove part 52 and the second groove part 54 have shapes that are line-symmetric with each other.
  • the outer ring 25 has an inner diameter that can be fitted onto the outer periphery (outer diameter) 21 of the cylindrical portion 19 and an outer diameter that can be fitted into the inner circumference (inner diameter) 16 of the annular flange 14.
  • annular seal grooves 31 and 32 are provided on the inner peripheral surface (inner diameter surface) 29 and outer peripheral surface (outer diameter surface) 30 of the outer ring 25, respectively.
  • Seal seals 33 and 34 are disposed in the seal grooves 31 and 32, respectively. Accordingly, a sealing seal (inner seal) 33 is brought into contact with the outer periphery 21 of the cylindrical portion 19 of the cylinder 8 to seal between the outer ring 25 and the cylindrical portion 19, and the inner periphery 16 of the annular flange 14 of the cylinder 8 is hermetically sealed.
  • (Outer seal) 34 is brought into contact with each other to seal between the outer ring 25 and the annular flange 14.
  • the inner seal 33 and the outer seal 34 may be any ones that do not leak a predetermined measurement fluid sealed in the fluid sealing chamber 40 to the outside and do not allow foreign matter such as dust or dust to enter the fluid sealing chamber 40. There is no particular limitation.
  • the second member (washer) 23 is integrally fixed to the cylinder axial end 22 of the cylindrical portion 19 of the first member (cylinder) 8 and disposed on the wheel side.
  • the second member (washer) 23 is provided with a flange portion 24 that protrudes in an annular shape in the horizontal direction.
  • One end 5 of the coil spring 4 abuts against the flange portion 24 in the vertical direction (see FIGS. 2 and 6).
  • the inner ring 35 is integrally fitted and disposed on the outer surface 24a of the flange portion 24 of the washer 23 (the surface facing the mounting portion main body 10).
  • the inner ring 35 is formed in an annular shape, and an inner ring track 37 is formed on the outer surface side (upper surface side opposite to the outer ring track 28) 36 in the vertical direction.
  • the outer ring 25 and the inner ring 35 incorporate a plurality of rolling elements 38 through the cage 39 in the outer ring raceway 28 and the inner ring raceway 37 that face each other.
  • the outer ring 25 and the inner ring 35 are disposed between the cylinder 8 and the washer 23 as described above, and the axial load (the vertical direction indicated by reference numeral 100 in the figure) is centered on the cylindrical portion 19 of the cylinder 8. Rotate and support the load in the same direction as.
  • the fluid sealing chamber (hydraulic chamber) 40 includes a fitting region (a fitting region up to the inner seal 33) 41 between the outer ring 25 and the cylindrical portion 19 of the cylinder 8, and an inner surface 12 of the mounting portion main body 10 of the outer ring 25 and the cylinder 8. And a space region 42 between the outer ring 25 and the annular flange 14, and a fitting region (a fitting region up to the outer seal 34) 43.
  • the first groove portion 52 that is semicircular in sectional view formed in the inner surface 12 of the attachment body 10 of the cylinder 8 and the second groove portion 54 that is semicircular in sectional view formed in the outer ring 25 are substantially circular in sectional view.
  • a hydraulic chamber region (a region included in the region 42) having a substantially circular shape as a whole is formed.
  • a predetermined measurement fluid is sealed in the fluid sealing chamber 40, for example, hydraulic oil is completely sealed without bubbles.
  • the pressure sensor 44 can detect a pressure change of the measurement fluid (hydraulic oil) sealed in the fluid sealing chamber (hydraulic chamber) 40.
  • the pressure sensor 44 is disposed in a part of the cylinder 8, and the detection unit 45 communicates with the inside of the fluid sealing chamber (hydraulic chamber) 40. More specifically, a sensor mounting hole 18 that penetrates the annular flange 14 in the horizontal direction is provided at a predetermined position of the annular flange 14 of the cylinder 8.
  • the pressure sensor 44 is fitted into the sensor mounting hole 18 from the outside of the annular flange 14 and fixed so that the detection unit 45 faces the fluid sealing chamber (hydraulic chamber) 40 (see FIG. 2). .
  • the outer surface 15 of the annular flange 14 at the position where the sensor mounting hole 18 is formed is provided with a pressure sensor abutting surface portion 17 that protrudes thickly outward from the annular flange 14. Therefore, after the detection portion 45 of the pressure sensor 44 is inserted into the sensor mounting hole portion 18, the flange surface portion 46 of the pressure sensor 44 can be brought into contact with and fixed to the pressure sensor contact surface portion 17.
  • the pressure sensor 44 for example, a well-known structure that measures pressure and converts it into a voltage signal and transmits it is appropriately selected and used within the scope of the present invention, and therefore is not particularly limited.
  • the load in the compression direction (the same direction as the vertical direction indicated by arrow 100 in the figure) acting on the bearing is measured by improving the bearing device disposed on the vehicle side of the suspension device 1. It can function as a load measuring device. That is, by configuring the bearing device as described above, the bearing race (outer ring) 25 functions as a piston.
  • the outer ring (piston) 25 is slidably contacted with the cylindrical portion 19 and the annular flange 14 of the cylinder 8 (in the cylinder 8 ( It is pushed into the annular space 50) between the cylindrical part 19 and the annular flange 14.
  • the change in the pressure in the fluid sealing chamber (hydraulic chamber) 40 is measured by the pressure sensor 44 and applied to the suspension device 1.
  • the load in the compression direction (the same direction as the vertical direction indicated by arrow 100 in the figure) can be measured.
  • the measured data (result) can be confirmed on a digital display screen or the like disposed in the vehicle or the like.

Abstract

 取付部(9)寄りに配設される軸受軌道輪(25)は、円筒部(19)の外周に配設される。第一部材(8)と取付部(9)寄りの軸受軌道輪(25)との間には、測定流体が密封される流体封入室(40)が設けられている。測定流体に掛かる圧力は、取付部(9)寄りの軸受軌道輪(25)の筒軸方向の移動によって変化する。流体封入室(40)には、測定流体の圧力変化を検出し得る圧力センサ(44)が備えられている。

Description

荷重センサ付き軸受装置
 本発明は、軸受を圧縮する方向の荷重を計測する技術に関し、特に自動車の懸架装置に組込まれ、タイヤ荷重を計測する荷重センサ付き軸受装置に関するものである。
 自動車、特に、種々の荷物等を運搬するトラックやバン等の商用車において、法定積載量を超えて道路を通行する不法な過積載が社会問題となっている。過積載を行う理由は、一度にたくさんの荷物を運搬したほうが運送費を少なくできるからである。
 しかし、このような過積載は次のような種々の問題を招く虞があり、避けなければならない。
 (1)過積載により、自動車の運動性能が低下したり、構成部品が破損したりする虞がある。したがって、例えば、車軸(ハブ)の破損、タイヤの破損(バースト)、制動距離が長くなりブレーキが過熱して効きにくくなる、車両が横転し易くなる等、事故等を招く可能性がある。
 (2)過積載により、道路の損傷が激しくなるため、道路のメンテナンス費用が掛かる。
 過積載の防止が困難となっている原因は多々あるが、その内の一つには、積載重量が運転手や同乗者等から容易に認識できないことにある。従来、車両の荷重測定(積載重量測定)は、台秤に測定対象の車両を載せて行っていた。しかし、台秤の設置は、施設が大がかりで広い設置スペースを必要とし、設置コストが嵩む。したがって、設置できる台秤の台数が制限され、多くの車両を測定することが困難であった。
 そこで、昨今では、特許文献1等に開示されているように、車両自体に搭載して荷重測定を可能とした荷重測定装置が提案されている。
 例えば、特許文献1に開示された荷重測定装置は、ベースアッシーと、圧縮歪検出用センサ素子と、回路基板と、で構成される。ベースアッシーの2つの溶着部分は、車両荷重が掛かることで伸縮する被荷重部材のうち、異なる取付箇所に溶着される。圧縮歪検出用センサ素子は、ベースアッシーにより支持される。また、車両荷重の変化により、上記2つの溶着部分が接近離間する方向にベースアッシーが伸縮することで、圧縮歪検出用センサ素子の出力が変化する。回路基板には、圧縮歪検出用センサ素子の出力を増幅するアンプが実装される。このように、特許文献1の荷重測定装置は、圧縮歪を検出することにより荷重測定する荷重測定装置である。
 しかし、従来の荷重測定装置では、特許文献1のように構成が複雑で且つ回路基板やアンプ等を備える必要があるためコスト高を招いていた。また、荷重測定装置が衝撃を受け易い箇所に配置されるため、回路基板やアンプ等に支障を来す虞もあった。
日本国特開2001-330503号公報
 本発明は上記問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、その課題は、軸方向荷重を回転支持する軸受に作用する圧縮方向の荷重を検出する簡易且つ安価な荷重センサ付軸受装置を提供し、車両の過積載を防止することにある。
 この目的を達成するために、本発明は、
 車両側に固定される取付部と、前記取付部から突出する円筒部と、を有する第一部材と、
 前記第一部材の前記円筒部の筒軸方向端部に固定されて車輪側に配設される第二部材と、
 前記第一部材と前記第二部材との間に介在し、前記円筒部を軸中心にして軸方向荷重を回転支持する一対の軸受軌道輪と、
 前記一対の軸受軌道輪の間に組み込まれる転動体と、
を有し、
 前記取付部寄りに配設される前記軸受軌道輪は、前記円筒部の外周に配設され、
 前記第一部材と前記取付部寄りの前記軸受軌道輪との間には、測定流体が密封される流体封入室が設けられており、
 前記測定流体に掛かる圧力は、前記取付部寄りの前記軸受軌道輪の筒軸方向の移動によって変化し、
 前記流体封入室には、前記測定流体の圧力変化を検出し得る圧力センサが備えられている、荷重センサ付軸受装置とされる。
 本発明は、
 前記第一部材は懸架装置を構成し、前記車両側に固定されるシリンダであり、
 前記第二部材は懸架装置を構成し、スプリングの一端が突き当たる座金であり、
 前記一対の軸受軌道輪は、前記シリンダの前記円筒部の外周に配設される外輪と、前記座金に配設される内輪と、から構成され、軸方向荷重を回転支持し、
 前記流体封入室は、前記シリンダの前記取付部及び前記円筒部と、前記外輪と、の間に形成されており、
 前記圧力センサは、前記シリンダの前記取付部を介して前記流体封入室に備えられ、その検出部を前記流体封入室内に臨ませている、荷重センサ付軸受装置としてもよい。
荷重センサ付軸受装置を示す概略分解斜視図である。 荷重センサ付軸受装置を示す縦断正面図である。 荷重センサ付軸受装置を示す平面図である。 荷重センサ付軸受装置を示し、シリンダの外面に、車体側に連結されるマウントを備えた状態の斜視図である。 荷重センサ付軸受装置を懸架装置に組み込んだ状態を示す平面図である。 荷重センサ付軸受装置を懸架装置に組み込んだ状態を示す縦断側面図である。
 以下、本発明の荷重センサ付軸受装置(以後、軸受装置と呼ぶことがある。)の一実施形態について、図面を参照して説明する。本実施形態は、軸受装置を自動車の懸架装置(サスペンション)に用いた例を示す。なお、本実施形態は、本発明の一実施形態であって、何等これに限定解釈されるものではなく本発明の範囲内で設計変更可能である。
 図1乃至図4は本実施形態の軸受装置を示す図である。図5及び図6は、自動車(例えば、トラックやバン等の小型商用車等)に備えられる懸架装置1に本実施形態の軸受装置を組み込んだ形態を示すものである。図示は省略するが、懸架装置1の上側は自動車の本体フレーム(クロスメンバ)に固定され、下側はフレームに枢着されたロア・アームを介してアクスル(車軸)に固定される。なお、懸架装置1は、本実施形態の軸受装置を組み込んだ以外は周知の構成であって、図示の例に限定解釈されるものではなく、適宜設計変更可能である。図中、符号2はショックアブソーバ、符号4はコイルスプリングを示す。以下、軸受装置について詳細に説明し、それ以外の懸架装置1の構成についての説明は省略する。
 本実施形態の軸受装置は、圧縮方向の軸方向荷重を回転自在に支持する転がり軸受装置である。また、軸受装置は、第一部材(シリンダ)8と、第二部材(座金)23と、を有する。第一部材(シリンダ)8は、車両側に固定される取付部9と、取付部9から突出する円筒部19と、を有し、懸架装置1を構成する。第二部材(座金)23は、鉛直方向で第一部材(シリンダ)8に一体に取り付けられて車輪側に配設され、鉛直方向でコイルスプリング4の一端5が突き当たる。なお、第二部材(座金)23も、懸架装置1を構成する。
 さらに、軸受装置は、第一部材(シリンダ)8と第二部材(座金)23との間に介在し、相対回転可能な一対の軸受軌道輪(外輪25及び内輪35)と、一対の軸受軌道輪(外輪25及び内輪35)間に組み込まれる複数個の転動体(鋼球)38と、複数個の転動体38を保持する保持器39と、第一部材(シリンダ)8と取付部9寄りの軸受軌道輪(外輪25)との間で形成される流体封入室40と、流体封入室40内の圧力変化を検出する圧力センサ44と、を有する。
 第一部材(シリンダ)8の取付部9は、中心に貫通孔13を有する円板状の取付部本体10と、該取付部本体10の外周から突出する環状フランジ14と、を有する(図1乃至図2参照。)。取付部本体10と環状フランジ14とは一体に形成される。
 環状フランジ14は、鉛直方向(図中矢印100で示す方向)に所定高さを有し、且つ水平方向(図中矢印200で示す方向)に所定厚みを有する。環状フランジ14の所定位置には、該環状フランジ14を水平方向に貫通するセンサ取付孔部18が設けられている(図1乃至図2参照。)。
 取付部本体10の外面(平面)11には、図4乃至図6に示すように、車両側に固定されるマウント6が一体に取り付けられる。図中符号7は、図示しない車両(車体)側と懸架装置1を締結するボルトである。
 円筒部19は、取付部本体10の内面12から突出しており、所定外径の円筒状である。円筒部19は、取付部本体10の貫通孔13と同軸且つ同一内径の第二貫通孔20を有する。円筒部19は、取付部9の環状フランジ14と同軸であり、且つ環状フランジ14の内径よりも小径の外径を有し、環状フランジ14よりも鉛直方向(図中矢印100で示す方向)に突出している(図2参照。)。図6中の符号3は、円筒部19の第二貫通孔20と取付部本体10の貫通孔13とを貫通し、シリンダ8に一体に取り付けられるショックアブソーバ2のピストンロッドである。
 円筒部19の外周(外径面)21と環状フランジ14の内周(内径面)16との間には、鉛直方向で所定深さの環状空間50が形成されている(図2参照。)。環状空間50に位置する取付部本体10の内面(底面)12には、環状フランジ14及び円筒部19と同心状に第一溝部52が設けられている。第一溝部52は、鉛直方向から見て円環状であり(図1参照)、断面視で半円状である(図2参照。)。そして、環状空間50には、円筒部19の外周21に外嵌された一方の軸受軌道輪(外輪)25が配設されている。外輪25は、円筒部19及び環状フランジ14のそれぞれに対して筒軸方向(図中100で示す鉛直方向と同じ方向)に摺動可能である。
 外輪25は、鉛直方向(図中符号100で示す方向)及び水平方向(図中矢印200で示す方向)に肉厚な円環状である。外輪25の鉛直方向で下面側(底面側)26には、外輪軌道28が形成される。外輪25の鉛直方向で上面側(平面側)27には、環状フランジ14及び円筒部19と同心状に第二溝部54が設けられている(図2参照。)。第二溝部54は、鉛直方向から見て円環状であり、断面視で半円状である。すなわち、第一溝部52と第二溝部54とは、互いに線対称な形状である。
 外輪25は、円筒部19の外周(外径)21に外嵌可能な内径を有し、且つ環状フランジ14の内周(内径)16に内嵌可能な外径を有している。
 また、外輪25の内周面(内径面)29及び外周面(外径面)30には、それぞれ環状のシール溝31,32が設けられている。シール溝31,32それぞれには密封シール33,34が配設されている。これにより、シリンダ8の円筒部19の外周21に密封シール(内側シール)33を接触させて外輪25と円筒部19との間を密封し、シリンダ8の環状フランジ14の内周16に密封シール(外側シール)34を接触させて外輪25と環状フランジ14との間を密封している。内側シール33と外側シール34は、流体封入室40内に封入される所定の測定流体を外部に漏洩させず、且つ流体封入室40内部に塵や埃等の異物が侵入させないものであればよく、特に限定されない。
 第二部材(座金)23は、第一部材(シリンダ)8の円筒部19の筒軸方向端部22に一体に固定されて車輪側に配設される。第二部材(座金)23には、水平方向に円環状に突出するフランジ部24が設けられる。フランジ部24には、鉛直方向でコイルスプリング4の一端5が突き当たる(図2及び図6参照。)。
 内輪35は、座金23のフランジ部24の外面(取付部本体10と相対向する面)24aに、一体に嵌合されて配設されている。内輪35は、円環状に形成され、その鉛直方向で外面側(外輪軌道28と相対向する上面側)36に内輪軌道37を形成している。
 したがって、外輪25と内輪35は、それぞれの相対向する外輪軌道28と内輪軌道37に、保持器39を介して複数個の転動体38を組み込む。そして、外輪25と内輪35は、上述したようにシリンダ8と座金23との間に配設されて、シリンダ8の円筒部19を軸中心にして軸方向荷重(図中符号100で示す鉛直方向と同じ方向の荷重)を回転支持する。
 流体封入室(油圧室)40は、外輪25とシリンダ8の円筒部19との嵌め合せ領域(内側シール33までの嵌め合せ領域)41と、外輪25とシリンダ8の取付部本体10の内面12との間の空間領域42と、外輪25と環状フランジ14との間の嵌め合せ領域(外側シール34までの嵌め合せ領域)43と、によって外部と遮蔽した密封状態に構成されている。
 シリンダ8の取付部本体10の内面12に形成した断面視で半円状の第一溝部52と、外輪25に形成した断面視で半円状の第二溝部54と、によって断面視で略円状(全体で略円環状)の油圧室領域(領域42に含まれる領域)を形成している。流体封入室40には、所定の測定流体が密封されており、例えば作動油が気泡なく一杯に密封されている。
 圧力センサ44は、流体封入室(油圧室)40内に密封されている測定流体(作動油)の圧力変化を検出し得るものである。圧力センサ44は、シリンダ8の一部に配置されており、その検出部45を流体封入室(油圧室)40内と連通させている。より具体的には、シリンダ8の環状フランジ14の所定位置に、該環状フランジ14を水平方向に貫通するセンサ取付孔部18が設けられている。圧力センサ44は、環状フランジ14の外方から、センサ取付孔部18に嵌入して、検出部45が流体封入室(油圧室)40に臨むように取付固定されている(図2参照。)。
 環状フランジ14のセンサ取付孔部18を形成する位置の外面15には、環状フランジ14の外方に厚肉状に突出する圧力センサ当接面部17が設けられている。したがって、圧力センサ44の検出部45をセンサ取付孔部18に挿入した後、圧力センサ44のフランジ面部46を圧力センサ当接面部17に当接させて密着固定させることができる。
 圧力センサ44は、例えば、圧力を測定し、これを電圧信号に変換して伝送される周知構造のものが適宜本発明の範囲内において選択使用されるため、特に限定解釈はされない。
 本実施形態によれば、懸架装置1の車両側に配設される軸受装置に改良を加えることにより、軸受に作用する圧縮方向(図中矢印100で示す鉛直方向と同じ方向)の荷重を計測する荷重測定装置として機能させることができる。すなわち、軸受装置を上述のように構成することで、軸受軌道輪(外輪)25をピストンとして機能させる。そして、軸受に圧縮方向(図中矢印100で示す鉛直方向と同じ方向)の荷重が作用すると、外輪(ピストン)25が、シリンダ8の円筒部19及び環状フランジ14に摺接しつつシリンダ8内(円筒部19と環状フランジ14との間の環状空間50)に押し込まれる。これにより、外輪25とシリンダ8の円筒部19との嵌め合せ領域(内側シール33までの嵌め合せ領域)41と、外輪25とシリンダ8の取付部本体10の内面12との間の空間領域(第一溝部52と第二溝部54からなる略円環状の油圧室領域を含む領域)42と、外輪25と環状フランジ14との間の嵌め合せ領域(外側シール34までの嵌め合せ領域)43と、からなる流体封入室(油圧室)40内に封入された作動油(測定流体)が、外輪(ピストン)25によって圧縮され、流体封入室(油圧室)40の圧力が上昇する。流体封入室(油圧室)40内の圧力と軸方向荷重には比例関係があるため、流体封入室(油圧室)40内の圧力変化を圧力センサ44で計測することで、懸架装置1に掛かる圧縮方向(図中矢印100で示す鉛直方向と同じ方向)荷重を計測できる。計測したデータ(結果)は、車内等に配設したデジタル表示画面等にて確認することが可能である。
 また、本出願は、2014年4月14日出願の日本特許出願2014-082509に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
1 懸架装置
2 ショックアブソーバ
3 ロッド
4 コイルスプリング
6 マウント
8 第一部材(シリンダ)
9 取付部
10 取付部本体
14 環状フランジ
19 円筒部
23 第二部材(座金)
25 軸受軌道輪(外輪)
28 外輪軌道
35 軸受軌道輪(内輪)
37 内輪軌道
38 転動体
39 保持器
40 流体封入室(油圧室)
44 圧力センサ
45 検出部
50 環状空間
52 第一溝部
54 第二溝部
100 鉛直方向

Claims (2)

  1.  車両側に固定される取付部と、前記取付部から突出する円筒部と、を有する第一部材と、
     前記第一部材の前記円筒部の筒軸方向端部に固定されて車輪側に配設される第二部材と、
     前記第一部材と前記第二部材との間に介在し、前記円筒部を軸中心にして軸方向荷重を回転支持する一対の軸受軌道輪と、
     前記一対の軸受軌道輪の間に組み込まれる転動体と、
    を有し、
     前記取付部寄りに配設される前記軸受軌道輪は、前記円筒部の外周に配設され、
     前記第一部材と前記取付部寄りの前記軸受軌道輪との間には、測定流体が密封される流体封入室が設けられており、
     前記測定流体に掛かる圧力は、前記取付部寄りの前記軸受軌道輪の筒軸方向の移動によって変化し、
     前記流体封入室には、前記測定流体の圧力変化を検出し得る圧力センサが備えられている、荷重センサ付軸受装置。
  2.  前記第一部材は懸架装置を構成し、前記車両側に固定されるシリンダであり、
     前記第二部材は懸架装置を構成し、スプリングの一端が突き当たる座金であり、
     前記一対の軸受軌道輪は、前記シリンダの前記円筒部の外周に配設される外輪と、前記座金に配設される内輪と、から構成され、軸方向荷重を回転支持し、
     前記流体封入室は、前記シリンダの前記取付部及び前記円筒部と、前記外輪と、の間に形成されており、
     前記圧力センサは、前記シリンダの前記取付部を介して前記流体封入室に備えられ、その検出部を前記流体封入室内に臨ませている、請求項1に記載の荷重センサ付軸受装置。
PCT/JP2015/061516 2014-04-14 2015-04-14 荷重センサ付き軸受装置 WO2015159899A1 (ja)

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