WO2015155613A1 - Metodo y equipo para realizar el mantenimiento preventivo y automatizado al interior de los sistemas de aire acondicionado y de refrigeración - Google Patents
Metodo y equipo para realizar el mantenimiento preventivo y automatizado al interior de los sistemas de aire acondicionado y de refrigeración Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015155613A1 WO2015155613A1 PCT/IB2015/050317 IB2015050317W WO2015155613A1 WO 2015155613 A1 WO2015155613 A1 WO 2015155613A1 IB 2015050317 W IB2015050317 W IB 2015050317W WO 2015155613 A1 WO2015155613 A1 WO 2015155613A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- air conditioning
- refrigerant
- oil
- filter
- coolant
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
Definitions
- the object of the present invention is a method and equipment for performing preventive maintenance in air conditioning and refrigeration systems, especially in vehicle systems and domestic and commercial refrigeration systems.
- the present invention consists of an integral method for maintenance within the complete air conditioning system, which includes: extraction of the refrigerant, separation and replacement of the lubricating oil, injection of liquid refrigerant to perform the complete cleaning of the system components such as compressor, condenser, evaporator, filters, valves, pipes and others.
- the present invention has its application within the field of industry dedicated to the development of air conditioning and refrigeration equipment, more specifically to the industry dedicated to the repair and maintenance of the components of the automobile air conditioning system, airs Commercial or domestic.
- the closed cycle air conditioning system consists of a compressor, condenser, evaporator, pressure regulating devices, accumulator and filters. These elements are connected to each other by means of pipes through which refrigerant and oil circulates, the latter used essentially for the lubrication of the compressor. To prevent the compressor from melting, the lubricating oil must be changed regularly. Currently, to perform this procedure, the system must be disassembled to remove the compressor. To perform the procedure, the coolant must first be removed outside, for this a set of gauges is used. Once the refrigerant is evacuated from the system, the compressor must be decoupled, which involves the disassembly of some components of the vehicle to remove the belts, release the suction and discharge lines, and then lower the compressor. Once the compressor has been disengaged, the cap must be removed where the oil is injected into the factory and placed in an inverted position for the time necessary for all the lubricating oil to decant (usually overnight).
- Routine maintenance performed at automotive centers and Dealers start with a systematic procedure to diagnose the possible problems that the system may present. If the diagnosis of the problem is sufficiently thorough and accurate, it is possible to locate and repair all problems at the same time. In this case, maintenance depends on the diagnosis in which, if it presents an inaccurate or incomplete result, it usually leads to an incomplete repair.
- the procedure for routine maintenance should additionally include cleaning the evaporator and changing the dryer filter (where the filter consists of a dehydrator bottle that attempts to collect or absorb the moisture present inside the system).
- Maintenance also includes the replacement of the expansion valve which controls the flow of refrigerant to the evaporator, changing the seals or rubber rings.
- a vacuum is also made to the system to add oil to the compressor.
- the system is charged with its respective refrigerant which can be R-12 (CFC) or R-134 (HFC).
- patent documents such as US4441330 refer to a method and equipment for the service of refrigeration systems in the processes of removal and refilling of refrigerant in the circuit.
- the recovered refrigerant can be reprocessed for recharging the circuit, or fresh refrigerant can be stored and used in the circuit charging process.
- the invention contemplates elimination. of the recovered refrigerant oil, and charging a predetermined amount of lubricating oil in the refill circuit.
- the invention of this document is limited to the recovery and recharging of the cooling agent, however no procedure for cleaning the air conditioning system is mentioned.
- Document CO92350462 presents a method and equipment for the recovery and purification of refrigerant contained in a refrigeration system that has a first mode of operation where the refrigerant is evacuated from the system that is undergoing maintenance, compressing, condensing and supplying in liquid form to a refrigerant storage vessel, the pressure reduction in the recovery compressor is monitored, and, when said pressure reduction exceeds a critical value (above which the compressor could be adversely effected), the evacuation of the refrigerant from the cooling system stops. The equipment is then operated in a closed cycle mode where the refrigerant recovered from the system and stored in the storage media is evacuated from there by a compressor, compressed, condensed, and expanded and returned to the storage media.
- a critical value above which the compressor could be adversely effected
- the US2013032220 refers to a service station for filling, emptying and washing an air conditioning system in a vehicle.
- the station is coupled to the air conditioning system, and includes: a cabinet in which a refrigerant pipe is connected to a first port of a compressor, a refrigeration unit and an internal refrigerant storage cylinder.
- a washing kit comprising an external washing accumulator is mounted between the vehicle's air system and a port in the service station.
- the liquid refrigerant that is stored in the internal container is emptied from port F connected to the liquid side and exits through port G, usually in a gaseous state. In this case, the refrigerant circulates and goes into a gaseous state, so it is difficult for it to carry contaminants from the system.
- a cabinet in which a refrigerant pipe is connected to a first port of a compressor, a refrigeration unit and an internal refrigerant storage cylinder.
- the objective of the present invention is a procedure for maintaining the interior of the air conditioning and refrigeration system, in order to keep it in optimal conditions so as to minimize more costly failures for the user. Consequently, since every system has a useful life, it is necessary to keep its elements in optimal operating conditions so that their useful life is extended as far as possible.
- This method has been developed to perform preventive maintenance in air conditioning systems, especially in vehicle systems and domestic and commercial refrigeration systems.
- the present invention consists of an integral method for maintaining the complete air conditioning system, which includes the cleaning of the cooling liquid, the separation and replacement of the lubricating oil, and especially the complete washing and removal of all the polluting elements. that are inside the air conditioning system.
- the washing process consists of the injection and suction of the refrigerant in a liquid state through the system service valves.
- the refrigerant is maintained at a high pressure liquid state at all times as it is circulated in the opposite direction to the normal flow of the system refrigerant.
- the high-pressure liquid removes and drains the damaged oil and contaminants, dirt and sediments accumulated inside the system elements and retains them in its filters.
- This procedure is performed cyclically for a period of time until the cleaning of all system components such as compressor, condenser, evaporator, filters, valves, pipes and others is completed.
- the method for preventive maintenance of air conditioning systems has the following stages:
- the method developed in the present invention has several characteristics that make it advantageous compared to the procedures of the state of the art. Among which we can mention:
- FIG. 1 Schematic view of the system to perform preventive maintenance of air conditioning systems.
- FIG. 2 Schematic of system connections to perform the washing cycle of the air conditioning system.
- FIG. 3 System connection diagram for recovery, recirculation and recharge of the refrigerant.
- FIG. 4 Procedure for performing preventive maintenance on air conditioning systems.
- FIG. 5 Procedure for cleaning the air conditioning system.
- the scheme of the present invention is presented in Figure 1.
- the present invention is applied to a conventional air conditioning system (1) such as that of a car, which is formed by a compressor (2) connected by means of a high pressure pipe to a condenser (3).
- the liquid that comes out of the condenser (3) is passed through a dryer (4) and from this it goes to an expansion valve (5) in which the expansion of the refrigerant occurs, this is passed through an evaporator ( 6) where it is gasified at low pressure and returns to the compressor (2) where the cycle begins again.
- the system developed for maintenance includes a mobile service station (10) that recovers, recycles and recharges the refrigerant.
- the station has a high pressure inlet C, a low pressure inlet D and an auxiliary inlet E.
- the cleaning unit (9) is used to recirculate coolant through the air conditioning system (1).
- This comprises an input port A and an output port B, where the configuration and coupling of such ports depends on the stage of the maintenance process in which the process is located, as discussed below.
- the coupling scheme for recovering the cooling agent and cleaning the air conditioning system (1) is shown in Figure 2.
- the system load must first be checked and tested for leaks.
- the high pressure service valve (8) of the air conditioning system (1) must be connected to the mobile refrigerant recovery station (10) through port C.
- the mobile station evacuates and vacuum in the system so that the negative pressure must be maintained as long as there are no leaks.
- the valves connected to the low pressure service valve (7) of the air conditioning system (1) remain closed during operation.
- the mobile station (10) is connected by means of the cleaning unit (9), which in turn is coupled to the high pressure service valve (8) of the air conditioning system (1) , through a connection hose (1 1) in the connection port A.
- the low pressure service valve (7) of the air conditioning system (1) in turn is connected to the auxiliary inlet E of the mobile station (10), while the high-pressure inlet port D of the mobile unit remains inactive during this stage of the process.
- the passage to the cleaning unit (9) is enabled by means of a bypass valve (13) which is connected to the inlet of a canister or oil separator (14). At this point the canister cleans the impurities of the recovered liquid.
- the canister has an outlet port that is coupled to a second particle filter (17), and a separate oil drain port.
- the bypass valve (15) is activated to deposit the separated oil in an oil container (16).
- the filter (17) contains silica gel to retain moisture and additionally foam compounds that also help retain particulate residues present in the cooling agent.
- the exit of the coolant from the cleaning unit (9) is enabled by means of a bypass valve (18) towards the outlet port B.
- Port B is coupled to the inlet C of the mobile station (10).
- the valve (19) is automatically operated which allows the passage of the liquid through a particle filter (20).
- This filter is mainly used to remove the aluminum shell resulting from the degradation of the components of the air conditioning system (1).
- the coolant passes to an evaporator (21) to discharge the coolant into an oil separator (22). This separator filters the oil that could remain from the previous process and stores it in a container (23).
- the refrigerant gas passes through a purge valve by means of a dehydrator filter (24). At this point, the remaining moisture and the remains of non-condensable gases are eliminated, so that the gas finally reaches the compressor (25). From this point the gas leaves towards a condenser (26) where again the cooling agent enters the liquid state.
- a refrigerant agent container 27
- the refrigerant liquid is exited from the container (27) through a three-way valve (28). This valve allows the coolant to escape from the station through the auxiliary port E, or enables the passage for the liquid to move towards a purifying stage separated by a check valve (29). This stage is involved in the recharging process explained below.
- the air conditioning system (1) normally operates by passing the cooling agent in the form of low pressure gas, to the high pressure area.
- the essence of the present invention consists in the washing process for which the mobile station (10) injects cooling liquid through the low pressure valve (7), and recovers the same liquid by suctioning it through the high pressure valve (8). In this way the high pressure liquid travels through the entire air conditioning system in the opposite direction to the normal fluid path. This causes the deteriorated oil and all the particles and dirt present inside the components of the air conditioning system to be carried away with the liquid, leaving the system components; compressor, evaporator, valves, pipes and so on, completely clean.
- the sucked refrigerant must pass through the canister and filters, and then re-inject it completely clean to the air conditioning system.
- the procedure must be repeated as many times as necessary until the liquid circulating in the system is completely transparent without the presence of any particulate residue or oil.
- the recirculation of the cooling agent allows separating all the oil from the cooling liquid, which is not possible when a simple discharge of the system is made. Normally the recirculation of the cooling agent depends on the use (mileage in the case of vehicles) and a large amount of the cooling agent can be recirculated in a period of 10 or 15 minutes, which is the duration of the washing process (cleaning and purification).
- the system must be recharged with clean coolant and lubricating oil in the proper amount.
- the recharge system settings are displayed.
- the low pressure service valve (7) of the system to be cleaned is coupled with the inlet port D of the mobile station.
- the high pressure service valve (8) of the air conditioning system (1) is directly coupled with the low C port of the mobile unit.
- the service station Before performing the final recharge of the system, the service station recovers all the cooling agent from the high pressure service valve (8) in a similar way to the air conditioning cleaning process, that is, the liquid is sucked out by the compressor ( 25) and passes through the filter (20), the evaporator (21), the oil separator (22), the dehydrator filter (24), the condenser (26), to finally be stored in the container (27).
- a vacuum pump (39) is activated and connected to the discharge line by means of an operating valve (38). The vacuum is carried out to eliminate all the remains of moisture since this can form crystals that when circulating through the air conditioning system (1) can damage its components, especially the expansion valve (5).
- the process of recycling and purification of the refrigerant consists in cleaning and recharging it. As well as the replacement of new refrigerant as appropriate.
- the three-way valve (28) gives way to the liquid towards the check valve (29). This allows the liquid to pass to a metering pump (30).
- a metering pump (30) At the pump outlet, there are two stop valves (31) and (32). The first gives way for the high pressure liquid to return to the air conditioning system (1) through the low pressure service valve (7).
- the second, the valve (32) allows the liquid to pass through a purifier (33), of this purifier, the liquid passes through a refrigerator (34) and returns to the inlet of the metering pump (30) controlled by means of a stop valve (35).
- the station If the air conditioning system (1) was under load, the station provides a new refrigerant tank (36) which is applied to complete the charge.
- the new refrigerant is injected at the outlet of the purifier (33) through a bypass valve (37).
- the exact amount of new oil is first injected as recommended by the manufacturer of the air conditioning system or refrigeration equipment. For this, the oil is collected from a tank (40) and injected by means of a metering pump (41) through a three-way valve (42) connected to a check valve
- the maintenance procedure ends by checking the amount of refrigerant injected and the operating pressures of the air conditioning system.
- Figure 4 shows the steps of the method to perform preventive maintenance of air conditioning systems. The procedure begins
- the next step is to check the system load (45), the check is performed to verify that the system is not leaking (46) since the maintenance procedure cannot be performed until the system is free of them.
- the cleaning process (47) of the air conditioning system begins. This step consists in circulating coolant in the air system in the direction opposite to the normal flow. Once the system is clean and free of contaminants, recovery (48) of all the refrigerant is carried out. After recovering the refrigerant, vacuum (49) must be performed in the system to remove all remaining moisture.
- the recovered refrigerant is passed through a recirculation and purification process (50) in which the necessary quantity is also completed with new refrigerant.
- the recharge (51) of the system consists in the application of new oil in the exact amount, and the refrigerant charge on the low side. This application causes the refrigerant to carry with it the lubricating oil, distributing it evenly throughout the air conditioning system.
- FIG. 5 shows in detail the steps required to perform the cleaning procedure of the air conditioning system.
- This process begins (53) with the connection of the cleaning unit to the air conditioning system to the service station, so that the compressor of the same sucks (54) the cooling liquid through the discharge pipe of the system, towards the canister of the cleaning unit.
- This element together with other filters, eliminates the contaminant particles and the refrigerant moisture (55), so that the liquid can be evaporated (56) before passing through an oil separator (57).
- the refrigerant gas is passed through a dehydrator filter in which the remaining moisture is removed (58).
- the gas is passed through a condenser (59) to convert it to liquid again, a state in which it can be injected (60) into the air conditioning system by means of the low pressure pipe.
- a condenser 59
- the cycle begins again from the point at which the liquid from the air system is sucked (54), by means of the high pressure pipe.
- the cycle (62) ends and the service station is connected directly to the service valves of the air conditioning system. It is considered not necessary to make this description more extensive for a person skilled in the art to understand the scope and advantages of the invention.
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CO14075675A CO6930066A1 (es) | 2014-04-08 | 2014-04-08 | Método y equipo para realizar el mantenimiento preventivo y automatizado al interior de los sistemas de aire acondicionado y de refrigeración. |
CO14-075675 | 2014-04-08 |
Publications (1)
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WO2015155613A1 true WO2015155613A1 (es) | 2015-10-15 |
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PCT/IB2015/050317 WO2015155613A1 (es) | 2014-04-08 | 2015-01-15 | Metodo y equipo para realizar el mantenimiento preventivo y automatizado al interior de los sistemas de aire acondicionado y de refrigeración |
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CO (1) | CO6930066A1 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2015155613A1 (es) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109074269A (zh) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-12-21 | 惠普发展公司,有限责任合伙企业 | 确定设备磨损率 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5167126A (en) * | 1990-12-12 | 1992-12-01 | Cjs Enterprises, Inc. | Refrigerant recovery and recycling assembly |
US5582019A (en) * | 1995-05-08 | 1996-12-10 | Emerson Electric Company | Method and apparatus for recovering and purging refrigerant |
DE202010012578U1 (de) * | 2010-09-14 | 2011-12-21 | Dometic Waeco International Gmbh | Service-Gerät für Fahrzeugklimaanlagen |
WO2013007412A1 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | A refrigerant recovery and recharge device |
-
2014
- 2014-04-08 CO CO14075675A patent/CO6930066A1/es unknown
-
2015
- 2015-01-15 WO PCT/IB2015/050317 patent/WO2015155613A1/es active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5167126A (en) * | 1990-12-12 | 1992-12-01 | Cjs Enterprises, Inc. | Refrigerant recovery and recycling assembly |
US5582019A (en) * | 1995-05-08 | 1996-12-10 | Emerson Electric Company | Method and apparatus for recovering and purging refrigerant |
DE202010012578U1 (de) * | 2010-09-14 | 2011-12-21 | Dometic Waeco International Gmbh | Service-Gerät für Fahrzeugklimaanlagen |
WO2013007412A1 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | A refrigerant recovery and recharge device |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109074269A (zh) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-12-21 | 惠普发展公司,有限责任合伙企业 | 确定设备磨损率 |
US11429283B2 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2022-08-30 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Determining a device wear-rate |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CO6930066A1 (es) | 2014-04-28 |
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