WO2015151790A1 - 固体撮像素子、電子機器、および撮像方法 - Google Patents
固体撮像素子、電子機器、および撮像方法 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- An imaging method includes a plurality of pixels that output pixel signals used to construct an image, and a logic circuit for driving the pixels, and the plurality of pixels are formed.
- a first semiconductor substrate and a second semiconductor substrate on which the logic circuit is formed are configured to have a stacked structure, and the identification is a process other than the imaging process for capturing the image among the plurality of pixels.
- the specific pixel that is the pixel that outputs the pixel signal used in processing is connected to the logic circuit independently of the normal pixel that is the pixel other than the specific pixel.
- the solid-state imaging device 11 is configured to be able to drive only some of the pixels 21 when performing the specific process.
- the pixel 21 that outputs a pixel signal in a normal imaging process is referred to as a normal pixel 21
- the pixel 21 that outputs a pixel signal in a specific process is referred to as a specific pixel 21 ⁇ / b> X.
- the normal pixels 21-1 to 21-N include the PDs 24-1 to 24-N, the transfer transistors 25-1 to 25-N, the FDs 26-1 to 26-N, and the amplification transistors. 27-1 to 27-N, selection transistors 28-1 to 28-N, and reset transistors 29-1 to 29-N, respectively.
- the select transistors 28-1 to 28-N of the normal pixels 21-1 to 21-N are connected to a connection terminal 43-1 formed on the bonding surface of the sensor substrate 41.
- the bias transistor 45-1 is connected to a connection terminal 44-1 formed on the bonding surface of the logic substrate 42.
- the solid-state imaging device 11 configured as described above can drive the specific pixel 21X separately from the normal pixels 21-1 to 21-N.
- the sensor substrate 41 and the logic substrate 42 are joined, so that the normal pixels 21-1 to 21-5 are connected to the logic substrate via the connection terminal 43-1 and the connection terminal 44-1.
- the specific pixel 21X is electrically connected to the logic substrate 42 via the connection terminal 43-2 and the connection terminal 44-2. That is, the solid-state imaging device 11 has a configuration in which the normal pixels 21-1 to 21-5 and the specific pixel 21X are individually connected to the logic board 42.
- the optical system 102 includes one or more lenses, guides image light (incident light) from a subject to the imaging unit 103, and forms an image on a light receiving surface (sensor unit) of the imaging unit 103.
- the imaging unit 103 accumulates electrons for a certain period in accordance with an image formed on the light receiving surface via the optical system 102, and a signal processing circuit 104 and an operation detection unit 107 output signals corresponding to the accumulated electrons.
- the above-described solid-state imaging element 11 can be applied to the imaging unit 103, and hereinafter, the imaging unit 103 is also referred to as a solid-state imaging element 11.
- the solid-state imaging device 11 outputs a pixel signal only for the specific pixel 21X until the timing for storing the image, and the pixel signal output from all the pixels 21 (the normal pixel 21 and the specific pixel 21X) according to the timing for storing the image. Is supplied to the signal processing circuit 104.
- the signal processing circuit 104 constructs an image from the pixel signals output from the solid-state imaging device 11, and performs various signal processing such as white balance adjustment processing and gamma correction processing. For example, when only the pixel signal of the specific pixel 21X is supplied, the signal processing circuit 104 supplies a low-resolution image constructed by these pixel signals to the display 105 to perform live view display. In addition, when pixel signals output from all the pixels 21 are supplied, the signal processing circuit 104 supplies a high-definition image constructed by these pixel signals to the recording medium 106 for storage (recording). .
- the motion detection unit 107 performs, for example, a motion detection process for detecting a user's motion, and determines whether or not an imaging operation that is a predetermined motion serving as a trigger for storing an image has been performed. Only the pixel signal of the specific pixel 21X is supplied from the solid-state imaging device 11 to the motion detection unit 107, and the motion detection unit 107 is copied to an image based on an image composed of the pixel signal of only the specific pixel 21X. Detects user activity.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart for describing an imaging process (first imaging method) in which the imaging apparatus 101 stores an image when an imaging operation is performed by the user.
- step S ⁇ b> 12 the motion detection unit 107 performs a motion detection process for detecting a user motion based on an image configured by only the pixel signal of the specific pixel 21 ⁇ / b> X supplied from the solid-state imaging device 11.
- the motion detection unit 107 holds an image composed only of the pixel signal of the specific pixel 21X, and obtains a difference between the images when a predetermined number of images are accumulated, thereby performing the user's motion. To detect.
- step S13 the motion detection unit 107 determines whether or not the user has performed a predetermined imaging operation (for example, an operation of waving a hand) instructing to capture an image as a result of the motion detection process in step S12.
- a predetermined imaging operation for example, an operation of waving a hand
- step S13 when the motion detection unit 107 determines that the user is not performing a predetermined imaging operation, the process returns to step S11, and the same processing is repeated thereafter. A pixel signal of only 21X is supplied. On the other hand, if the operation detection unit 107 determines in step S13 that the user has performed a predetermined imaging operation, the process proceeds to step S14.
- step S14 the operation detection unit 107 instructs the solid-state image sensor 11 to drive all pixels, and the solid-state image sensor 11 is output from all the pixels 21 (the normal pixel 21 and the specific pixel 21X).
- the pixel signal is supplied to the signal processing circuit 104.
- the imaging apparatus 101A shown in FIG. 7 the same reference numerals are given to components common to the imaging apparatus 101 in FIG. 5, and detailed description thereof is omitted. That is, the imaging apparatus 101A is common to the imaging apparatus 101 in FIG. 5 in that the imaging apparatus 101A includes an optical system 102, an imaging unit 103 (for example, the solid-state imaging device 11 is applied), a signal processing circuit 104, a display 105, and a recording medium 106. To do. However, the imaging apparatus 101A has a configuration different from that of the imaging apparatus 101 in FIG.
- step S ⁇ b> 22 the luminance detection unit 108 performs illuminance detection processing for detecting illuminance in the surrounding environment where the imaging device 101 ⁇ / b> A is placed based on the luminance of the pixel signal of the specific pixel 21 ⁇ / b> X supplied from the solid-state imaging device 11. .
- step S24 it is determined whether or not the user has operated the shutter as an operation for instructing image capturing.
- the user when the user operates the shutter of the imaging apparatus 101A, an operation signal indicating that the shutter has been operated is output from an operation control unit (not shown), and thereby the user operates the shutter. Determined.
- the imaging device 101A can perform the illuminance detection process based on the luminance of the pixel signal output from the specific pixel 21X.
- the imaging apparatus 101A drives all the pixels 21 and speeds up the processing compared to a configuration in which the illuminance detection processing is performed based on the luminance of the pixel signal output from all the pixels 21. And can be driven with low power consumption.
- the addition processing of the solid-state imaging device 11 and the like can be performed more than the operation detection, and the illuminance sensor is mounted only for detecting the illuminance. Can be omitted.
- FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional configuration of the first modification of the solid-state imaging device.
- the heights at which the on-chip lens 62Xa ′ and the on-chip lens 62Xb ′ are arranged are adjusted so that the light is collected on the end surfaces shielded by the light shielding film 71a and the light shielding film 71b.
- the thickness of the insulating layer 55 stacked on the semiconductor substrate 54 is different between the specific pixel 21 ⁇ / b> X and the normal pixel 21 so that the light is collected on the end surfaces shielded by the light shielding film 71 a and the light shielding film 71 b.
- the potential of the PD 24X of the specific pixel 21X can be different from the potential of the PD 24 of the normal pixel 21.
- the potential of the PD 24X of the specific pixel 21X shallow, it is possible to transfer charges more reliably even when driving at high speed.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a third configuration example of an imaging apparatus on which the solid-state imaging device 11A of FIG. 9 is mounted, for example.
- the imaging device 101B includes the optical system 102, the imaging unit 103 (for example, applying the solid-state imaging device 11A), the signal processing circuit 104, the display 105, and the recording medium 106, and the imaging device 101B in FIG. Common.
- the imaging apparatus 101B has a different configuration from the imaging apparatus 101 of FIG. 5 in that the imaging apparatus 101B includes an AF control unit 109 and a driving unit 110.
- step S35 the signal processing circuit 104 supplies the image constructed by the pixel signal supplied from the solid-state imaging device 11 in step S34 to the recording medium 106 and stores it. Thereafter, the process returns to step S31, and the same process is repeated thereafter.
- processing is started when a mode for saving motion information along with an image is selected.
- the solid-state image pickup device 11 outputs a pixel signal only for the specific pixel 21X, The data is output to the detection unit 107.
- step S45 the motion detection unit 107 performs a motion detection process for detecting the user's motion based on an image composed only of the pixel signal of the specific pixel 21X supplied from the solid-state imaging device 11.
- step S48 the motion information calculated in step S47 and the image constructed in step S43 are stored in the recording medium 106 as a set. And after the process of step S48, a process returns to step S41 and the same process is repeated hereafter.
- the processes described with reference to the flowcharts described above do not necessarily have to be processed in chronological order in the order described in the flowcharts, but are performed in parallel or individually (for example, parallel processes or objects). Processing).
- the program may be processed by one CPU (Central Processing Unit) or may be distributedly processed by a plurality of CPUs.
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- a first semiconductor substrate having a plurality of pixels that output pixel signals used to construct an image; and a logic circuit for driving the pixels;
- the pixel signal used in a specific process that is a process other than the imaging process for capturing the image among the plurality of pixels is output.
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Abstract
Description
(1)
画像を構築するのに用いられる画素信号を出力する画素と、
前記画素を駆動するためのロジック回路と
を備え、
複数の前記画素が形成される第1の半導体基板と、前記ロジック回路が形成される第2の半導体基板とが接合される積層構造により構成され、
複数の前記画素のうち、前記画像を撮像する撮像処理以外の処理である特定処理において使用される前記画素信号を出力する前記画素である特定画素が、前記特定画素以外の前記画素である通常画素と独立して、前記ロジック回路に接続される
固体撮像素子。
(2)
前記通常画素に対して所定の割合で配置される所定数の前記特定画素から出力される画素信号に基づいて前記特定処理を行い、
前記画像の撮像を指示する所定操作が行われると、複数の前記画素の全てから出力される画素信号に基づいて前記撮像処理を行う
上記(1)に記載の固体撮像素子。
(3)
前記特定処理は、前記画像に写されている被写体の動作を検出する動き検出処理である
上記(1)または(2)に記載の固体撮像素子。
(4)
前記特定処理は、前記撮像素子を備える電子機器が置かれている周囲の環境における照度を検出する照度検出処理である
上記(1)または(2)に記載の固体撮像素子。
(5)
前記特定画素は、照射される光を開口の一部の領域で遮光して得られる画素信号から構築される位相差画像を取得するのに用いられる位相差画素であり、
前記特定処理は、前記位相差画素から出力される画素信号から構築される一組の位相差画像に写されている被写体の位置の差に基づいて前記被写体にフォーカスを合わせる合焦処理である
上記(1)または(2)に記載の固体撮像素子。
(6)
前記特定画素に配置される遮光膜による遮光領域が、前記通常画素に配置される遮光膜による遮光領域とは異なって、前記特定画素の開口の少なくとも一部を遮光する
上記(5)に記載の固体撮像素子。
(7)
前記特定画素に配置されるフィルターが透過する光の色が、前記通常画素に配置されるフィルターが透過する光の色とは異なる
上記(5)または(6)に記載の固体撮像素子。
(8)
前記特定画素に配置されるオンチップレンズの光学特性が、前記通常画素に配置されるオンチップレンズの光学特性とは異なる
上記(5)から(7)までのいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
(9)
前記第1の半導体基板を構成する半導体基板に積層される絶縁膜の厚みが、前記特定画素と前記通常画素とで異なる
上記(5)から(8)までのいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
(10)
前記特定画素が有する光電変換部において光電変換を行って電荷を蓄積する蓄積時間が、前記通常画素における前記蓄積時間とは異なる
上記(1)から(9)までのいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
(11)
前記特定画素が有する光電変換部のポテンシャルが、前記通常画素が有する光電変換部のポテンシャルとは異なる
上記(1)から(10)までのいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
(12)
前記特定画素から出力される画素信号に対して、その特定画素の近傍にある所定の前記通常画素の画素信号を用いた補正が行われる
上記(1)から(11)までのいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
(13)
前記特定画素の周辺にある前記通常画素から出力される画素信号に対して、その通常画素の近傍にある所定の前記通常画素の画素信号を用いた補正が行われる
上記(1)から(12)までのいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
(14)
前記第1の半導体基板の前記画素よりも深い位置に形成される他の画素を有する第3の半導体基板が積層される
上記(1)から(12)までのいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
(15)
画像を構築するのに用いられる画素信号を出力する画素と、
前記画素を駆動するためのロジック回路と
を有し、
複数の前記画素が形成される第1の半導体基板と、前記ロジック回路が形成される第2の半導体基板とが接合される積層構造により構成され、
複数の前記画素のうち、前記画像を撮像する撮像処理以外の処理である特定処理において使用される前記画素信号を出力する前記画素である特定画素が、前記特定画素以外の前記画素である通常画素と独立して、前記ロジック回路に接続される
固体撮像素子を備える電子機器。
(16)
画像を構築するのに用いられる画素信号を出力する複数の画素と、前記画素を駆動するためのロジック回路とを有し、複数の前記画素が形成される第1の半導体基板と、前記ロジック回路が形成される第2の半導体基板とが接合される積層構造により構成され、複数の前記画素のうち、前記画像を撮像する撮像処理以外の処理である特定処理において使用される前記画素信号を出力する前記画素である特定画素が、前記特定画素以外の前記画素である通常画素と独立して、前記ロジック回路に接続される固体撮像素子の撮像方法において、
前記通常画素に対して所定の割合で配置される所定数の前記特定画素から出力される画素信号に基づいて前記特定処理を行い、
前記画像の撮像を指示する所定操作が行われると、複数の前記画素の全てから出力される画素信号に基づいて前記撮像処理を行う
ステップを含む撮像方法。
(17)
前記特定処理は、前記画像に写されている被写体の動作を検出する動き検出処理であり、
前記撮像処理で撮像される画像とともに、前記動き検出処理で取得される動き情報を保存する
ステップを含む上記(16)に記載の撮像方法。
(18)
前記特定画素は、照射される光を開口の一部の領域で遮光して得られる画素信号から構築される位相差画像を取得するのに用いられる位相差画素であり、
前記特定処理は、前記位相差画素から出力される画素信号から構築される一組の位相差画像に写されている被写体の位置の差に基づいて前記被写体にフォーカスを合わせる合焦処理であって、
前記撮像処理で撮像される画像とともに、前記合焦処理で取得される動き情報を保存する
ステップを含む上記(16)に記載の撮像方法。
Claims (18)
- 画像を構築するのに用いられる画素信号を出力する画素と、
前記画素を駆動するためのロジック回路と
を備え、
複数の前記画素が形成される第1の半導体基板と、前記ロジック回路が形成される第2の半導体基板とが接合される積層構造により構成され、
複数の前記画素のうち、前記画像を撮像する撮像処理以外の処理である特定処理において使用される前記画素信号を出力する前記画素である特定画素が、前記特定画素以外の前記画素である通常画素と独立して、前記ロジック回路に接続される
固体撮像素子。 - 前記通常画素に対して所定の割合で配置される所定数の前記特定画素から出力される画素信号に基づいて前記特定処理を行い、
前記画像の撮像を指示する所定操作が行われると、複数の前記画素の全てから出力される画素信号に基づいて前記撮像処理を行う
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記特定処理は、前記画像に写されている被写体の動作を検出する動き検出処理である
請求項2に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記特定処理は、前記撮像素子を備える電子機器が置かれている周囲の環境における照度を検出する照度検出処理である
請求項2に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記特定画素は、照射される光を開口の一部の領域で遮光して得られる画素信号から構築される位相差画像を取得するのに用いられる位相差画素であり、
前記特定処理は、前記位相差画素から出力される画素信号から構築される一組の位相差画像に写されている被写体の位置の差に基づいて前記被写体にフォーカスを合わせる合焦処理である
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記特定画素に配置される遮光膜による遮光領域が、前記通常画素に配置される遮光膜による遮光領域とは異なって、前記特定画素の開口の少なくとも一部を遮光する
請求項5に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記特定画素に配置されるフィルターが透過する光の色が、前記通常画素に配置されるフィルターが透過する光の色とは異なる
請求項5に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記特定画素に配置されるオンチップレンズの光学特性が、前記通常画素に配置されるオンチップレンズの光学特性とは異なる
請求項5に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記第1の半導体基板を構成する半導体基板に積層される絶縁膜の厚みが、前記特定画素と前記通常画素とで異なる
請求項5に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記特定画素が有する光電変換部において光電変換を行って電荷を蓄積する蓄積時間が、前記通常画素における前記蓄積時間とは異なる
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記特定画素が有する光電変換部のポテンシャルが、前記通常画素が有する光電変換部のポテンシャルとは異なる
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記特定画素から出力される画素信号に対して、その特定画素の近傍にある所定の前記通常画素の画素信号を用いた補正が行われる
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記特定画素の周辺にある前記通常画素から出力される画素信号に対して、その通常画素の近傍にある所定の前記通常画素の画素信号を用いた補正が行われる
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記第1の半導体基板の前記画素よりも深い位置に形成される他の画素を有する第3の半導体基板が積層される
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 画像を構築するのに用いられる画素信号を出力する画素と、
前記画素を駆動するためのロジック回路と
を有し、
複数の前記画素が形成される第1の半導体基板と、前記ロジック回路が形成される第2の半導体基板とが接合される積層構造により構成され、
複数の前記画素のうち、前記画像を撮像する撮像処理以外の処理である特定処理において使用される前記画素信号を出力する前記画素である特定画素が、前記特定画素以外の前記画素である通常画素と独立して、前記ロジック回路に接続される
固体撮像素子を備える電子機器。 - 画像を構築するのに用いられる画素信号を出力する複数の画素と、前記画素を駆動するためのロジック回路とを有し、複数の前記画素が形成される第1の半導体基板と、前記ロジック回路が形成される第2の半導体基板とが接合される積層構造により構成され、複数の前記画素のうち、前記画像を撮像する撮像処理以外の処理である特定処理において使用される前記画素信号を出力する前記画素である特定画素が、前記特定画素以外の前記画素である通常画素と独立して、前記ロジック回路に接続される固体撮像素子の撮像方法において、
前記通常画素に対して所定の割合で配置される所定数の前記特定画素から出力される画素信号に基づいて前記特定処理を行い、
前記画像の撮像を指示する所定操作が行われると、複数の前記画素の全てから出力される画素信号に基づいて前記撮像処理を行う
ステップを含む撮像方法。 - 前記特定処理は、前記画像に写されている被写体の動作を検出する動き検出処理であり、
前記撮像処理で撮像される画像とともに、前記動き検出処理で取得される動き情報を保存する
ステップを含む請求項16に記載の撮像方法。 - 前記特定画素は、照射される光を開口の一部の領域で遮光して得られる画素信号から構築される位相差画像を取得するのに用いられる位相差画素であり、
前記特定処理は、前記位相差画素から出力される画素信号から構築される一組の位相差画像に写されている被写体の位置の差に基づいて前記被写体にフォーカスを合わせる合焦処理であって、
前記撮像処理で撮像される画像とともに、前記合焦処理で取得される動き情報を保存する
ステップを含む請求項16に記載の撮像方法。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20170117310A1 (en) | 2017-04-27 |
US20190109165A1 (en) | 2019-04-11 |
US10658405B2 (en) | 2020-05-19 |
CN106133912A (zh) | 2016-11-16 |
KR102429308B1 (ko) | 2022-08-04 |
JP2015195235A (ja) | 2015-11-05 |
US10181485B2 (en) | 2019-01-15 |
KR20160140597A (ko) | 2016-12-07 |
CN106133912B (zh) | 2020-05-19 |
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