WO2015144034A1 - 一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构 - Google Patents

一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015144034A1
WO2015144034A1 PCT/CN2015/074930 CN2015074930W WO2015144034A1 WO 2015144034 A1 WO2015144034 A1 WO 2015144034A1 CN 2015074930 W CN2015074930 W CN 2015074930W WO 2015144034 A1 WO2015144034 A1 WO 2015144034A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
guide sleeve
passage
self
blade
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/074930
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王湘冀
张远怀
陈文城
林耀辉
Original Assignee
王湘冀
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201420137851.6U external-priority patent/CN203784082U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410114089.4A external-priority patent/CN103967925B/zh
Application filed by 王湘冀 filed Critical 王湘冀
Priority to EP15767895.4A priority Critical patent/EP3124809B1/en
Priority to JP2017501451A priority patent/JP6722373B2/ja
Priority to US15/127,688 priority patent/US20170138433A1/en
Publication of WO2015144034A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015144034A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/50—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/20—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices in hinges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
    • F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
    • F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
    • F16F9/16—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/50—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
    • F16F9/516—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics resulting in the damping effects during contraction being different from the damping effects during extension, i.e. responsive to the direction of movement
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K13/00—Seats or covers for all kinds of closets
    • A47K13/12—Hinges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2999/00—Subject-matter not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2232/00—Nature of movement
    • F16F2232/04—Rotary-to-translation conversion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a damping shaft mechanism, in particular to a damping shaft mechanism capable of achieving easy rotation in one direction, damping rotation in opposite directions and self-compensating action.
  • Rotary connectors are widely used in many fields, such as toilet seats, refrigerator doors, mobile phone covers, cabinet doors, etc., when used on toilet seats, between the traditional toilet cover and the toilet body Simple rotary joints are used to achieve mutual coupling. There is no resistance during the process of opening or closing the toilet cover, which makes it easy for people to hit the toilet cover heavily on the toilet body when the toilet cover is lowered. The consequence of this is that on the one hand, it is easy to damage the joint between the toilet cover and the toilet body, and on the other hand, it is easy to damage the toilet cover or the toilet body. Therefore, a rotary joint of a damper shaft mechanism has emerged. An important feature of the damper shaft mechanism is that the blade is used to realize the function of the check valve.
  • the toilet cover is mounted on the toilet body by a damper shaft mechanism.
  • the blade closes the main passage of the damping oil, and the damping oil can only pass through the gap between the components between the two chambers, thereby damping
  • the oil flows from one cavity to the other, the flow is slow, forming a slow-falling effect of the cover plate.
  • the blade does not close the main passage of the damping oil, and the damping oil is from the main passage and between the components.
  • the slit passes, and thus the damping oil flows faster from the other cavity to the one cavity, forming a quick opening effect of the cover.
  • the damping shaft mechanism realizes slow falling, the flow passage of the damping oil is a gap between the components, and the damping shaft mechanism inevitably causes machine wear during a long period of use, so that the matching gap between the components becomes large.
  • the gap between the components is increased, the tightness between the two cavities is weakened, so that the slow down time of the damper shaft mechanism is shortened, and even the slow function is disabled.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a damping shaft mechanism with self-compensation.
  • By setting the self-compensating structure it is possible to automatically compensate for the gap caused by mechanical wear when the matching clearance between components becomes larger. Therefore, the damping shaft mechanism is maintained in a stable state for a long time, so as to prolong the service life of the damping shaft mechanism.
  • a damping shaft mechanism with self-compensation comprising a rotating shaft, a guiding sleeve, a casing and a blade; a threaded fit between the guiding sleeve and the rotating shaft; the outer casing is provided with a cavity and a rotating shaft A section of the middle sleeve is connected to the cavity of the outer casing and forms a closed inner cavity; an anti-rotation structure is arranged between the guide sleeve and the outer casing, so that when the rotating shaft rotates, the guiding sleeve reciprocates along the axis of the rotating shaft in the outer casing
  • the sealed inner cavity is filled with damping oil, and is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity by a guide sleeve; a first passage connecting the two cavities in an axial direction is provided on the guide sleeve; the blade
  • the movable body is mounted on the guide sleeve and is located at a side
  • the inner wall of the guide sleeve cooperates with the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and a second thin wall that can be deformed is disposed at an inner wall of one end of the guiding sleeve of the second cavity.
  • the first The second thin wall is deformed toward the outer wall surface of the rotating shaft.
  • the first thin wall of the blade is provided with a first cavity adjacent to the first thin wall, and the notch of the first cavity of the blade faces the second cavity, so that the blade faces the second cavity When the direction is moved, the notch of the first cavity is opened by the damping oil pressure to open the first thin wall to the outside.
  • a second cavity adjacent to the second thin wall is disposed at the second thin wall of the guide sleeve, and a recess of the second cavity of the guide sleeve faces the second cavity direction, so that the guide sleeve faces When the two chambers move, the recess of the second cavity is opened by the damping oil pressure to open the second thin wall to the outside.
  • An oil passage is also provided between the blade or the blade and the guide sleeve.
  • the blade is composed of at least two arc-shaped single bodies, and each of the cells is rounded or rounded together with the protrusion of the guide sleeve to fit annularly at the inner wall surface of the outer casing.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the monomer is V-shaped, U-shaped, E-shaped, T-shaped, W-shaped or C-shaped.
  • the oil passage is a first through hole disposed along the axial direction of the blade.
  • the oil passage is disposed between the blade and the guide sleeve, and the oil passage includes a notch provided in the at least one of the single blades and a first groove at a position corresponding to the notch in the guide sleeve.
  • the oil passage is disposed between the blade and the guide sleeve, and the oil passage includes a mating surface of the protrusion formed by the integrally formed through groove and the guide sleeve disposed at at least one end of the at least one of the single blades of the blade.
  • the mating surface is a slope.
  • the first passage is a second groove formed by integrally forming the outer wall of the guide sleeve along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
  • the first passage is a second through hole disposed in the guiding sleeve along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
  • the anti-rotation structure includes a first rib disposed at an outer wall of the guide sleeve and in an axial direction, and a second rib disposed at an inner wall of the outer casing and along an axial direction, the first rib and The second ribs are misaligned.
  • a second passage for connecting the two cavities is further disposed between the first cavity and the second cavity, and the cross section of the second passage is set in a variable diameter so that the damping oil is in the second passage The amount of flow is changing.
  • the second passage is disposed between the guide sleeve and the rotating shaft.
  • the rotating shaft has a shaft core with a gradually changing inner diameter, and the gradually varying inner diameter core and the guide sleeve enclose the second passage, and the inner diameter of the gradually varying inner diameter shaft core is from one end of the first cavity The end of the second cavity gradually increases.
  • the rotating shaft has a shaft core with a sudden inner diameter, and the axial core of the mutant inner diameter encloses the second passage with the guide sleeve, and the inner diameter of the axial core of the abrupt inner diameter is from the one end of the first cavity to the second One end of the cavity is abruptly enlarged.
  • the shaft core of the rotating shaft is provided with a first slot which is gradually changed along the axial direction, and the gradually changing first slot and the guide sleeve enclose the second channel, and the first change of the gradually changing The groove is gradually tapered from one end of the first cavity to one end of the second cavity.
  • the shaft core of the rotating shaft is provided with a second slot having a gradient structure along the axial direction, the second slot of the gradient structure enclosing the second channel with the guide sleeve, and the second opening of the gradient structure
  • the groove is tapered by an end of the first cavity toward an end of the second cavity.
  • the external thread of the rotating shaft is provided with a third slot which gradually changes along the thread direction, and the gradually changing third slot and the guide sleeve enclose the second channel, the gradually changing third opening
  • the groove is spirally tapered from one end of the first cavity to one end of the second cavity.
  • the second passage is disposed between the guide sleeve and the outer casing.
  • the outer casing has a cavity having a gradually changing inner diameter, the cavity wall of the cavity of the gradually varying inner diameter enclosing the second passage with the guide sleeve, and the inner diameter of the cavity of the gradually varying inner diameter is determined by the first cavity One end is gradually reduced toward the end of the second cavity.
  • the outer casing has a cavity having a sudden inner diameter, the cavity wall of the cavity of the abrupt inner diameter enclosing the second channel with the guide sleeve, and the inner diameter of the cavity of the abrupt inner diameter is from one end of the first cavity The end of the second cavity is abruptly reduced.
  • a fifth slot of the gradient structure along the axial direction is provided in the cavity wall of the cavity of the outer casing, and the fifth slot of the gradient structure encloses the second channel with the guide sleeve, the gradient structure
  • the fifth slot is tapered by the end of the first cavity toward the end of the second cavity.
  • the self-compensating damping shaft mechanism of the invention is provided with a thin-walled structure on the guide sleeve and the blade to perform self-compensation, and the thin wall on the blade and the guide sleeve respectively cooperate with the matching surface of the outer casing and the rotating shaft, Under the action of pressure, it can be slightly deformed.
  • the rotating shaft rotates, the rotating shaft drives the guiding sleeve and the blade to reciprocate through the screw mechanism.
  • the rotating shaft rotates in one direction, so that the guiding sleeve moves toward the second cavity, and the space of the second cavity gradually becomes smaller.
  • the damping oil pressure in the two chambers increases, and at the same time, the space of the first chamber gradually becomes larger, the damping oil pressure in the first chamber decreases, and the damping oil of the second chamber is first to be affected by the pressure difference.
  • the cavity flows, and the flowing damping oil pushes the blade toward the first passage port, the blade closes the first passage, and on the other hand, the damping oil having a large oil pressure enters the first cavity, and the notch of the first cavity is blocked
  • the action of the Nico oil pressure opens the first thin wall to the outside, deforming the first thin wall toward the inner wall surface of the outer casing, thereby compensating for the gap formed between the blade and the outer casing due to machine wear after prolonged use.
  • the damping oil having a large oil pressure also enters the second cavity, and the notch of the second cavity is opened by the action of the damping oil pressure to open the second thin wall to the outside, so that the second thin wall is outwardly of the rotating shaft
  • the wall direction is deformed so that it can compensate for the length
  • the oil passage between the two or the preset gap between the blade and the outer casing and/or the gap between the rotating shaft and the guide sleeve enables the damping oil in the damping process to maintain a constant flow rate in long-term use.
  • the deformation is generated by using a thin-walled structure to achieve self-compensation.
  • the rotating shaft rotates in the opposite direction to move the guiding sleeve toward the first cavity, the space of the first cavity gradually becomes smaller, the damping oil pressure in the first cavity increases, and the space of the second cavity gradually becomes larger.
  • the damping oil pressure in the second cavity is reduced. Due to the pressure difference, the damping oil of the first cavity flows to the second cavity, and the flowing damping oil pushes the blade away from the first passage port, and the blade makes the first When the channel is opened, the damping oil is quickly released, that is, the damping oil flows from the first cavity to the second cavity rapidly.
  • the compensation structure does not work, so that there is no damping when the shaft is rotated in the opposite direction.
  • the blade reciprocates on the guide sleeve, which is equivalent to a one-way valve.
  • the present invention adopts a first thin wall which is deformable on the blade, and a second thin wall which can be deformed on the guide sleeve, and a first concave cavity is arranged adjacent to the first thin wall.
  • the second thin wall is adjacent to the second cavity, and the notches of the first cavity and the second cavity are set to a specific orientation, the first thin wall is matched with the mating surface of the outer casing, and the second thin wall is related to the rotating shaft
  • the self-compensating mechanism can deform the first thin wall toward the inner wall surface of the outer casing in a damped state, and deform the second thin wall toward the outer wall surface of the rotating shaft, thereby automatically compensating for mechanical wear.
  • the gap keeps the damper shaft mechanism in a stable state for a long time, and achieves the purpose of prolonging the service life of the damper shaft mechanism.
  • each of the monomers is rounded together with the convex body of the guide sleeve to be annularly fitted at the inner wall surface of the outer casing, and At least one end of the at least one single body of the blade is integrally formed with a through groove, and the matching surface of the through groove and the convex portion of the guide sleeve cooperate to form an oil passage, and the mating surface is a sloped surface, which can close the first passage in the blade When the mouth is open, the cross-sectional area of the oil passage is small, and when the blade opens the first passage port, the cross-sectional area of the oil passage is large, thereby effectively ensuring that the shaft mechanism rotates rapidly in one direction and slowly rotates in the opposite direction. .
  • the present invention employs a second passage between the first cavity and the second cavity for connecting the two cavities, and the cross section of the second passage is set to a variable diameter to make the damping oil The flow amount in the second passage is changed.
  • This structure can be set in advance, so that the rotating shaft mechanism can be divided into a fast and slow rhythm in the slow rotation process to achieve better use effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the assembly (mounted on the toilet seat cover) of the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the first embodiment of the present invention when the toilet cover is fully opened;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the first embodiment of the present invention in the process of closing the toilet cover
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the first embodiment of the present invention when the toilet cover is completely closed;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the first embodiment of the present invention in the process of opening the toilet cover
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a rotating shaft of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a rotating shaft of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a guide bush of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a guide bush of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the blade of the present invention in cooperation with the guide sleeve;
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration in which the blade of the present invention is fitted with the guide sleeve (the upper portion in the figure is the blade open state, and the lower portion in the figure is the blade closed state);
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of a rotating shaft of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a rotating shaft of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural view of a rotating shaft of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a rotating shaft of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a rotating shaft of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a rotating shaft of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural view of a rotating shaft of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the outer casing of the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the outer casing of the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the outer casing of the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the outer casing of the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 24 is a schematic view showing the construction of the outer casing of the present invention.
  • Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the outer casing of the present invention.
  • Figure 26 is a schematic structural view of a guide bush of the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 27 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a guide bush of the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 28 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the blade of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 29 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a blade according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 30 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the blade of the present invention in cooperation with the guide sleeve according to the twelfth embodiment
  • Figure 31 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a blade according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention in cooperation with a guide bush.
  • a self-compensating damping shaft mechanism of the present invention comprises a rotating shaft 1, a guide sleeve 2, a casing 3 and a blade 4; a threaded engagement between the guiding sleeve 2 and the rotating shaft 1, that is, a rotating shaft 1 is provided with an external thread 11, the guide sleeve 2 is provided with an internal thread 21; the outer casing 3 is provided with a cavity, a section of the rotating shaft 1 to which the guide sleeve 2 is screwed is mounted in the cavity of the outer casing and the cavity is formed in a sealed state a cavity, one end of the rotating shaft 1 extends into the cavity of the outer casing 3, and the one end of the rotating shaft 1 is supported by the welding cover 52, the fixed block 53 and the fixing member 54, and the end of the cavity is sealed, and the other end of the cavity is closed.
  • the sealing ring 51 is used to realize the sealing, so that the cavity of the outer casing forms a closed inner cavity; an anti-rotation structure is arranged between the guiding sleeve 2 and the outer casing 3, so that when the rotating shaft 1 rotates, the guiding sleeve 2 is along the rotating shaft in the outer casing 3 Reciprocating movement of the axis; the sealed inner cavity is filled with damping oil, the sealed inner cavity is divided into a first cavity 31 and a second cavity 32 by the guide sleeve 2; and the guide sleeve 2 is provided with two axial directions a first passage of the cavity; the blade 4 is movably mounted on the guide sleeve 2 and on the side of the first passage adjacent to the second cavity The first passage is closed or opened by approaching or moving away from the first passage opening; the vane 4 is fitted in an annular or arc shape at the inner wall surface of the closed inner chamber of the outer casing 3, and the vane 4 is provided with a deformable portion A thin wall 41,
  • the inner wall of the guide sleeve 2 cooperates with the outer wall of the rotating shaft 1, and a second thin wall 22 capable of being deformed is disposed at an inner wall of the guide sleeve 2 at one end of the second cavity, when the guiding sleeve 2 is directed to the second cavity When moving in the 32 direction, the second thin wall 22 is deformed toward the outer wall surface of the rotary shaft 1.
  • the first thin wall 41 of the blade 4 is provided with a first cavity 42 adjacent to the first thin wall, and the notch of the first cavity 42 of the blade faces the second cavity, so that the blade 4 When moving in the direction of the second cavity, the notch of the first cavity is opened by the damping oil pressure to open the first thin wall 41 to the outside.
  • a second cavity 23 adjacent to the second thin wall is disposed at the second thin wall 22 of the guiding sleeve, and the notch of the second cavity 23 of the guiding sleeve faces the second cavity, so that the guiding When the sleeve 2 is moved in the direction of the second cavity, the recess of the second cavity 23 is biased by the damping oil pressure to open the second thin wall 22 outward.
  • the blade or the blade and the guide sleeve are oil passages.
  • the blade 4 is composed of two arc-shaped single bodies 40, and the two arc-shaped single bodies 40 are designed to just form a circle, or may be on the guide sleeve 2 as in the present embodiment.
  • Two convex bodies 24 are provided, and the two arc-shaped single bodies 40 and the two convex bodies 24 of the guide sleeve 2 are collectively formed into a circle to be annularly fitted at the inner wall surface of the outer casing 3.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the single body of the present embodiment is V-shaped, and may be designed into other shapes such as a U-shape, an E-shape, a T-shape, a W-shape, or a C-shape according to design requirements, or may be integrally formed.
  • the oil passage is disposed between the blade 4 and the guide sleeve 2, and the oil passage includes at least one end of the at least one unit of the blade, and is formed in the integrally formed through groove 43 and the protrusion 24 of the guide sleeve.
  • the mating surface 241 is a mating surface.
  • the first passage is a second recess 25 formed in an integral manner along the axial direction of the rotating shaft at the outer wall of the guide sleeve.
  • the anti-rotation structure includes a first rib 26 disposed at an outer wall of the guide sleeve and in an axial direction, and a second rib 33 disposed at an inner wall of the outer casing and along an axial direction, the first convex The rib 26 is misaligned with the second rib 33.
  • a second channel for connecting the two cavities is further disposed between the first cavity 31 and the second cavity 32, and the cross section of the second channel is set to be variable, so that the damping oil is in the second The flow of the channel changes.
  • the second passage is disposed between the guide sleeve and the rotating shaft.
  • the rotating shaft 1 has a shaft core 12 with a gradually changing inner diameter, and the axial core 12 of the gradually varying inner diameter encloses the second passage with the guide sleeve 2, and the inner diameter of the axial core 12 of the gradually varying inner diameter is first One end of the cavity gradually increases toward one end of the second cavity.
  • the self-compensating damping shaft mechanism of the present invention is installed between the toilet cover and the base 57.
  • the toilet cover includes a seat 55 and an upper cover 56.
  • the outer casing 3 of the present invention is fixed to the base 57.
  • the present invention The shaft 1 is fixed to the toilet cover.
  • the self-compensating damping shaft mechanism of the invention is provided with a thin wall structure on the guide sleeve 2 and the blade 4 to perform self-compensation, and the thin walls on the blade 4 and the guide sleeve 2 are respectively related to the outer casing 3 and the rotating shaft 1 respectively. With the cooperation of the mating surface, under the action of pressure, it can be slightly deformed. When the rotating shaft 1 rotates, the rotating shaft 1 drives the guiding sleeve 2 and the blade 4 to reciprocate by the screw mechanism.
  • the rotating shaft 1 rotates in one direction to move the guiding sleeve 2 toward the second cavity 32, and the second cavity
  • the space of the body 32 gradually becomes smaller, the damping oil pressure in the second cavity 32 increases, and at the same time, the space of the first cavity 31 gradually becomes larger, the damping oil pressure in the first cavity 31 decreases, and the pressure difference is affected.
  • the damping oil of the second cavity 32 is to flow toward the first cavity 31, and the flowing damping oil pushes the blade 4 toward the first passage port (ie, the end port of the second groove 25), and the blade 4 will be One passage is closed, and on the other hand, the damping oil having a large oil pressure enters the first cavity 42, and the notch of the first cavity 42 is opened by the damping oil pressure to open the first thin wall 41 to the outside.
  • a thin wall 41 is deformed toward the inner wall surface of the outer casing, so that the gap formed between the blade and the outer casing due to wear of the machine after long-term use can be compensated for.
  • the damping oil having a large oil pressure also enters the second concave cavity 23 .
  • the recess of the second cavity 23 is opened by the damping of the oil pressure to open the second thin wall 22 to the outside.
  • the second thin wall 22 is deformed toward the thread surface of the rotating shaft, so that the gap formed between the rotating shaft and the guide sleeve due to machine wear after prolonged use can be compensated, and thus, the second cavity 32 flows to the first cavity.
  • the damping oil of 31 can only pass through the oil passage of the blade 4, or the oil passage between the blade and the guide sleeve, or the gap between the blade and the outer casing of the preset size and/or between the shaft and the guide sleeve
  • the gap flow makes the damping oil in the slow falling process maintain a constant flow rate in long-term use, that is, the deformation is generated by the thin-walled structure to achieve the self-compensation effect.
  • the rotating shaft rotates in the opposite direction to move the guide sleeve 2 toward the first cavity 31, the space of the first cavity 31 gradually becomes smaller, the damping oil pressure in the first cavity 31 increases, and at the same time, the second cavity 32 The space gradually becomes larger, and the damping oil pressure in the second cavity 32 is reduced.
  • the damping oil of the first cavity 31 flows to the second cavity 32, and the flowing damping oil will flow the blade 4 Pushing away from the first passage port (ie, one end port of the second groove 25), the vane 4 opens the first passage, and the damping oil is quickly released, that is, the damping oil flows rapidly from the first cavity 31 to the second cavity.
  • the damping oil pressure in the first cavity and the second cavity is small, the self-compensating structure does not function, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the resistance when the cover is opened.
  • the blade reciprocates on the guide sleeve, which is equivalent to a one-way valve.
  • the invention adopts a single body in which the blades are arranged in two arc-shaped shapes, and the two single bodies 40 are rounded together with the convex body 24 of the guide sleeve to be annularly fitted at the inner wall surface of the outer casing, and in the blade At least one end of at least one of the plurality of cells is provided with a through groove 43 in an integrally formed manner, and the through groove 43 and the mating surface 241 of the convex body 24 of the guide sleeve are matched to form an oil passage, and the mating surface is a sloped surface, which enables When the blade 4 closes the first passage opening, the cross-sectional area of the oil passage 61 (shown in FIG. 12) is small, and when the blade 4 opens the first passage opening, the oil passage 62 (shown in FIG. 12) is cut. The area is large, which effectively ensures the quick rise and fall of the cover.
  • a self-compensating damping shaft mechanism of the present invention adopts a second passage between the first cavity 31 and the second cavity 32 for connecting the two cavities, and the cross section of the second passage is changed.
  • the diameter is set such that the amount of flow of the damping oil in the second passage changes.
  • the rotating shaft 1 of the present invention has a shaft core 12 with a gradually changing inner diameter, and the axial core 12 of the gradually varying inner diameter encloses the second passage with the guide sleeve 2, and the inner diameter of the axial core 12 of the gradually varying inner diameter is determined by One end of a cavity gradually increases toward one end of the second cavity.
  • the cross-sectional area of the second passage gradually decreases from one end of the first cavity to the end of the second cavity, and the cross-sectional area of the second passage is the largest when the cover begins to fall, and the second cavity 32 is The damping oil will flow rapidly to the first cavity 31, and the resistance of the cover falling is small.
  • the cross-sectional area of the second passage gradually becomes smaller, and the resistance of the cover falls gradually becomes larger.
  • the resistance of the cover is also the largest, thereby forming a better slowing effect of the cover.
  • a self-compensating damper shaft mechanism of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the shaft 1 does not adopt a shaft core whose inner diameter is gradually changed, but the shaft 1 has a sudden inner diameter.
  • a shaft core 13 the abrupt inner diameter shaft core 13 and the guide sleeve 2 enclose the second passage, the inner diameter of the abrupt inner diameter shaft core 13 from the one end of the first cavity body to the second cavity One end of the mutation increases.
  • a self-compensating damper shaft mechanism of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the shaft 1 does not adopt a shaft core whose inner diameter is gradually changed, but the shaft core of the shaft 1 .
  • a first slot 14 is formed along the axial direction, the gradually changing first slot 14 and the guide sleeve 2 enclose the second channel, and the gradually changing first slot 14 is defined by The end of the first cavity is gradually reduced toward the end of the second cavity.
  • a self-compensating damper shaft mechanism of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the shaft 1 does not adopt a shaft core whose inner diameter is gradually changed, but the shaft core of the shaft 1 a second slot 15 having a gradient structure along the axial direction, the second slot 15 of the gradient structure enclosing the second channel with the guide sleeve 2, and the second slot 15 of the gradient structure is The end of the first cavity is tapered toward the end of the second cavity.
  • a self-compensating damper shaft mechanism of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the shaft 1 does not adopt a shaft core whose diameter is gradually changed, but the external thread 11 of the shaft is provided along the shaft. a progressively varying third slot 16 in the direction of the thread, the progressively varying third slot 16 enclosing the second channel with the guide sleeve 2, the progressively varying third slot 16 being first One end of the cavity is spirally tapered toward the end of the second cavity.
  • a self-compensating damper shaft mechanism of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the second passage is further disposed between the guide sleeve and the outer casing, so that the outer casing structure is Different from the first embodiment, the outer casing 3 has a cavity 34 with a gradually changing inner diameter, and the cavity wall of the cavity 34 of the gradually varying inner diameter encloses the second passage with the guide sleeve 2, the cavity of the progressively varying inner diameter The inner diameter of 34 is gradually reduced from one end of the first cavity to the end of the second cavity.
  • there are two second passages one is surrounded by the gradually changing inner diameter shaft core 12 and the guide sleeve 2, and the other is the chamber wall of the cavity 34 which gradually changes the inner diameter and the guide sleeve 2 Enclosed, of course, there may be only one.
  • the cavity wall of the cavity 34 which gradually changes the inner diameter encloses the second channel with the guide sleeve 2, so that the rotation axis is changed to the inner diameter of the same size.
  • a self-compensating damper shaft mechanism of the present invention is different from the sixth embodiment in that the outer casing is not a cavity having a gradually varying inner diameter, but the outer casing 3 has a cavity 35 having a sudden inner diameter.
  • the cavity wall of the cavity 35 having the inner diameter of the mutation encloses the second channel with the guide sleeve 2, and the inner diameter of the cavity 35 of the abrupt inner diameter is from the end of the first cavity to the second cavity. One end is abruptly reduced.
  • a self-compensating damper shaft mechanism of the present invention is different from the sixth embodiment in that the outer casing is not a cavity having a gradually varying inner diameter, but a cavity of the outer casing 3.
  • a fourth slot 36 is formed in the cavity wall along the axial direction, and the gradually changing fourth slot 36 and the guide sleeve 2 enclose the second channel, the gradually changing fourth opening
  • the groove 36 is gradually tapered from one end of the first cavity toward one end of the second cavity.
  • a self-compensating damper shaft mechanism of the present invention is different from the sixth embodiment in that the outer casing is not a cavity having a gradually changing inner diameter but a cavity of the outer casing 3.
  • a fifth slot 37 having a gradient structure along the axial direction is disposed in the cavity wall, and the fifth slot 37 of the gradient structure encloses the second channel with the guide sleeve 2, and the fifth structure of the gradient structure
  • the groove 37 is tapered in a gradient from one end of the first cavity to one end of the second cavity.
  • a self-compensating damper shaft mechanism of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the first passage is set in the guide sleeve 2 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
  • a self-compensating damper shaft mechanism of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the oil passage is the axial direction of the blade. A through hole 44.
  • a self-compensating damper shaft mechanism of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the oil passage is disposed between the blade and the guide sleeve, and the oil is over-oiled.
  • the passage includes a notch 45 provided in at least one of the cells of the blade 4 and a first groove 28 at a position corresponding to the notch in the guide bush 2.
  • the arrangement of the second passage may be separately provided between the guide sleeve and the rotating shaft, or may be separately provided between the guide sleeve and the outer casing; similarly, the second passage may also be between the guide sleeve and the rotating shaft.
  • the sleeve and the outer casing are arranged, for example, the shaft adopts a shaft core with a sudden inner diameter, and the outer shell adopts a cavity with a gradually changing inner diameter; for example, the shaft core of the rotating shaft is provided with a first slot which gradually changes along the axial direction, A fifth slot of a gradient structure along the axial direction is provided in the cavity wall of the cavity of the outer casing; etc., various cross combinations are possible.
  • the present invention has a wide range of applications, and can be applied to the toilet cover, and can also be applied to various doors and covers such as refrigerator doors, mobile phone covers and cabinet doors, and can also be used for drawers.
  • this is because the invention adopts the axial movement of the damping oil along the rotating shaft, and can form a longer stroke than the circumferential movement of the damping oil along the rotating shaft, and the linear motion of the drawer is converted during use. The rotation of the shaft.
  • the self-compensating mechanism designed by the invention can deform the first thin wall of the blade toward the inner wall surface of the outer casing in a damping state, and the second thin wall deforms toward the outer wall surface of the rotating shaft, thereby automatically compensating for the gap caused by mechanical wear.
  • the damper shaft mechanism is maintained in a stable state for a long time, so as to prolong the service life of the damper shaft mechanism.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Toilet Supplies (AREA)

Abstract

一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，包括转轴（1）、导套（2）、外壳（3）和叶片（4）；导套与转轴螺纹配合；导套和转轴装在外壳中，并由导套将外壳内腔分隔成第一、第二腔体；在导套上设有沿轴线方向连通二个腔体的第一通道；所述叶片活动装在导套上，并处在第一通道的靠第二腔体一侧以封闭或打开该第一通道；所述叶片呈环状或弧形状配合在外壳的内壁面处，叶片设有能够形变的第一薄壁（41），当叶片向第二腔体方向移动时，第一薄壁向外壳内壁面方向形变。通过自补偿结构的设置，能够在部件之间的配合间隙变大时，自动补偿因机械磨损产生的间隙，从而使阻尼转轴机构长时间保持在一个稳定的状态，达到延长阻尼转轴机构使用寿命的目的。

Description

一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构 技术领域
本发明涉及一种阻尼转轴机构，特别是涉及一种可实现一个方向轻松转动、相反方向阻尼转动并具有自补偿作用的阻尼转轴机构。
背景技术
旋转连接件广泛使用于多个领域中，比如可以用于马桶盖板、冰箱门、手机盖和橱门等，在使用于马桶盖板上时，传统的马桶盖板与马桶主体之间是通过简单的旋转连接件来实现相互联接，在马桶盖板打开或盖下的过程中，没有任何阻力，这样就容易导致人们在放下马桶盖板时，会将马桶盖板重重地打在马桶主体上，由此造成的后果是，一方面容易损坏马桶盖板和马桶主体之间的衔接部位，另一方面容易把马桶盖板或马桶主体打坏。因而，一种阻尼转轴机构的旋转连接件便应运而生，这种阻尼转轴机构的一个重要特点，是利用叶片来实现单向阀的作用，当这种阻尼转轴机构应用在马桶盖板时，马桶盖板通过阻尼转轴机构装在马桶主体上，当转轴朝一个方向转动时，叶片将阻尼油的主要通道封闭，阻尼油只能通过两个腔体之间的部件间的缝隙通过，因而阻尼油从一个腔体流到另一个腔体时流动缓慢，形成了盖板的慢落效果，当转轴朝相反方向转动时，叶片未将阻尼油主要通道封闭，阻尼油从主要通道以及部件间的缝隙通过，因而阻尼油从所述另一个腔体流到所述一个腔体时流动较快，形成了盖板的快速打开效果。这种阻尼转轴机构在实现慢落时，阻尼油的流动通道为部件间的缝隙，而阻尼转轴机构在长时间的使用过程中，不可避免的会造成机磨损，使得部件间的配合缝隙变大，当部件间的缝隙增大时，就会使两个腔体之间的密封性变弱，从而使阻尼转轴机构的慢落时间变短，甚至慢落功能失效。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术之不足，提供一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，通过自补偿结构的设置，能够在部件之间的配合间隙变大时，自动补偿因机械磨损产生的间隙，从而使阻尼转轴机构长时间保持在一个稳定的状态，达到延长阻尼转轴机构使用寿命的目的。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，包括转轴、导套、外壳和叶片；导套与转轴之间为螺纹配合；外壳设有一腔体，转轴中旋接有导套的一段装在外壳的腔体中并形成密闭内腔；在导套与外壳之间设有防转结构，使转轴转动时，导套在外壳内沿转轴的轴线往复运动；所述密闭内腔中填充有阻尼油，并由导套分隔成第一腔体和第二腔体；在导套上设有沿轴线方向连通二个腔体的第一通道；所述叶片活动装在导套上，并处在第一通道的靠第二腔体一侧以封闭或打开该第一通道；所述叶片呈环状或弧形状配合在外壳的内壁面处，叶片设有能够形变的第一薄壁，当叶片向第二腔体方向移动时，第一薄壁向外壳内壁面方向形变。
所述导套的内壁与转轴的外壁相配合，在导套的靠第二腔体的一端的内壁处设有能够形变的第二薄壁，当导套向第二腔体方向移动时，第二薄壁向转轴的外壁面方向形变。
所述的叶片的第一薄壁处设有与第一薄壁相紧邻的第一凹腔，所述叶片的第一凹腔的凹口朝向第二腔体方向，使得叶片向第二腔体方向移动时，其第一凹腔的凹口受阻尼油压力的作用而将第一薄壁向外侧张开。
所述的导套的第二薄壁处设有与第二薄壁相紧邻的第二凹腔，所述导套的第二凹腔的凹口朝向第二腔体方向，使导套向第二腔体方向移动时，其第二凹腔的凹口受阻尼油压力的作用而将第二薄壁向外侧张开。
所述的叶片或叶片与导套之间还设有过油通道。
所述的叶片由至少二个成弧形状的单体构成，各个单体围成圆形或与导套的凸体一起围成圆形以呈环状配合在外壳的内壁面处。
所述单体的截面形状为V字形、U字形、E字形、T字形、W字形或C字形。
所述的过油通道为设置在叶片上的沿着轴线方向的第一通孔。
所述的过油通道设置在叶片与导套之间，该过油通道包括设在叶片的至少一个单体中的缺口和导套中与该缺口对应位置处的第一凹槽。
所述的过油通道设置在叶片与导套之间，该过油通道包括设在叶片的至少一个单体的至少一端的采用一体成型的通槽和导套的凸体中的配合面，所述配合面为斜面。
所述的第一通道为导套外壁处沿着转轴的轴线方向采用一体成型方式制成的第二凹槽。
所述的第一通道为导套中沿着转轴的轴线方向设置的第二通孔。
所述防转结构包括设置在导套外壁处的且是沿着轴线方向的第一凸筋和设置在外壳内壁处的且是沿着轴线方向的第二凸筋，所述第一凸筋与所述第二凸筋呈错位配合。
进一步的，在第一腔体与第二腔体之间还设有用来连通两个腔体的第二通道，所述第二通道的截面呈变径设置，以使得阻尼油在第二通道的流动量呈变化状态。
所述第二通道设置在导套与转轴之间。
所述转轴具有渐次变化内径的轴芯，该渐次变化内径的轴芯与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化内径的轴芯的内径由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈渐次增大。
所述转轴具有突变内径的轴芯，该突变内径的轴芯与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述突变内径的轴芯的内径由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈突变增大。
所述转轴的轴芯设有沿着轴向的渐次变化的第一开槽，该渐次变化的第一开槽与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化的第一开槽由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈渐次缩小。
所述转轴的轴芯设有沿着轴向的梯度结构的第二开槽，该梯度结构的第二开槽与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述梯度结构的第二开槽由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈梯度缩小。
所述转轴的外螺纹设有沿着螺纹方向的渐次变化的第三开槽，该渐次变化的第三开槽与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化的第三开槽由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈螺旋式渐次缩小。
所述第二通道设置在导套与外壳之间。
所述外壳具有渐次变化内径的腔体，该渐次变化内径的腔体的腔壁与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化内径的腔体的内径由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈渐次缩小。
所述外壳具有突变内径的腔体，该突变内径的腔体的腔壁与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述突变内径的腔体的内径由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈突变缩小。
所述外壳的腔体的腔壁中设有沿着轴向的渐次变化的第四开槽，该渐次变化的第四开槽与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化的第四开槽由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈渐次缩小。
所述外壳的腔体的腔壁中设有沿着轴向的梯度结构的第五开槽，该梯度结构的第五开槽与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述梯度结构的第五开槽由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈梯度缩小。
本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，是在导套、叶片上设置薄壁结构来起自补偿作用，叶片、导套上的薄壁分别与外壳、转轴相关的配合面配合，在压力的作用下，可作微小的形变。当转轴转动时，转轴通过螺旋机构带动导套和叶片做往复运动，在阻尼状态，转轴朝一个方向转动，使导套向第二腔体方向移动，第二腔体的空间逐步变小，第二腔体内的阻尼油压力增大，同时，第一腔体的空间逐步变大，第一腔体内的阻尼油压力减小，受压力差的作用，第二腔体的阻尼油要向第一腔体流动，流动的阻尼油会将叶片推向第一通道口，叶片将第一通道封闭，另一方面，油压变大的阻尼油进入第一凹腔，第一凹腔的凹口受阻尼油压力的作用则将第一薄壁向外侧张开，使第一薄壁向外壳内壁面方向形变，从而可以补偿长时间使用后因机磨损而在叶片与外壳之间所形成的间隙，同样的，油压变大的阻尼油也进入第二凹腔，第二凹腔的凹口受阻尼油压力的作用则将第二薄壁向外侧张开，使第二薄壁向转轴的外壁面方向形变，从而可以补偿长时间使用后因机磨损而在转轴与导套之间所形成的间隙，这样，由第二腔体流向第一腔体的阻尼油只能通过叶片的过油通道，或者是叶片与导套之间的过油通道，或者是预设好大小的叶片与外壳之间的间隙和/或转轴与导套之间的间隙流动，使得长期使用中，阻尼过程中的阻尼油均能够保持恒定的流量，也就是利用薄壁结构产生形变，来达到自补偿的效果。转轴朝相反方向转动，使导套向第一腔体方向移动，第一腔体的空间逐步变小，第一腔体内的阻尼油压力增大，同时，第二腔体的空间逐步变大，第二腔体内的阻尼油压力减小，受压力差的作用，第一腔体的阻尼油要向第二腔体流动，流动的阻尼油会将叶片推离第一通道口，叶片使第一通道打开，阻尼油快速泄压，即，阻尼油快速地从第一腔体流到第二腔体中，此时，由于第一凹腔、第二凹腔内的阻尼油压力较小，自补偿结构不起作用，从而达到转轴朝相反方向转动时没有阻尼的作用。叶片在导套上作往复运动，相当于单向阀。
与现有技术相比较，本发明的有益效果是：
1、由于本发明采用了在叶片上设有能够形变的第一薄壁，在导套上设有能够形变的第二薄壁，在第一薄壁相紧邻设有第一凹腔，在第二薄壁相紧邻设有第二凹腔，且第一凹腔、第二凹腔的凹口设成特定的朝向，第一薄壁与外壳相关的配合面配合，第二薄壁与转轴相关的配合面配合，上述的自补偿机构，能够在阻尼状态，使第一薄壁向外壳内壁面方向形变，使第二薄壁向转轴的外壁面方向形变，从而能够自动补偿因机械磨损产生的间隙，使阻尼转轴机构长时间保持在一个稳定的状态，达到延长阻尼转轴机构使用寿命的目的。
2、由于本发明采用了将叶片设置成至少二个成弧形状的单体构成，各个单体与导套的凸体一起围成圆形以呈环状配合在外壳的内壁面处，并且在叶片的至少一个单体的至少一端采用一体成型方式设置通槽，并将通槽和导套的凸体的配合面相配合构成过油通道，且配合面为斜面，能够使得在叶片封闭第一通道口时，过油通道的截面积较小，而在叶片打开第一通道口时，过油通道的截面积较大，从而有效地保证了转轴机构朝一个方向快速转动而朝相反方向则缓慢转动。
3、由于本发明采用了在第一腔体与第二腔体之间还设有用来连通两个腔体的第二通道，且所述第二通道的截面呈变径设置，以使得阻尼油在第二通道的流动量呈变化状态，这种结构，可以通过预先设置，使得转轴机构在缓慢转动过程中又可以分成先快后慢的节奏，实现更好的使用效果。
以下结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明；但本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构不局限于实施例。
附图说明
图1是实施例一本发明的立体构造分解示意图；
图2是实施例一本发明的装配（装配在马桶盖板上）示意图；
图3是实施例一本发明在马桶盖板完全打开时的示意图；
图4是实施例一本发明在马桶盖板关闭过程中的示意图；
图5是实施例一本发明在马桶盖板完全关闭时的示意图；
图6是实施例一本发明在马桶盖板打开过程中的示意图；
图7是实施例一本发明的转轴的构造示意图；
图8是实施例一本发明的转轴的构造剖视图；
图9是实施例一本发明的导套的构造示意图；
图10是实施例一本发明的导套的构造剖视图；
图11是实施例一本发明的叶片与导套相配合的构造示意图；
图12是实施例一本发明的叶片与导套相配合的构造（图中的上部分为叶片打开状态，图中的下部分为叶片关闭状态）剖视图；
图13是实施例二本发明的转轴的构造示意图；
图14是实施例二本发明的转轴的构造剖视图；
图15是实施例三本发明的转轴的构造示意图；
图16是实施例三本发明的转轴的构造剖视图；
图17是实施例四本发明的转轴的构造示意图；
图18是实施例四本发明的转轴的构造剖视图；
图19是实施例五本发明的转轴的构造示意图；
图20是实施例六本发明的外壳的构造剖视图；
图21是实施例七本发明的外壳的构造剖视图；
图22是实施例八本发明的外壳的构造示意图；
图23是实施例八本发明的外壳的构造剖视图；
图24是实施例九本发明的外壳的构造示意图；
图25是实施例九本发明的外壳的构造剖视图；
图26是实施例十本发明的导套的构造示意图；
图27是实施例十本发明的导套的构造剖视图；
图28是实施例十一本发明的叶片的构造示意图；
图29是实施例十一本发明的叶片的构造剖视图；
图30是实施例十二本发明的叶片与导套相配合的构造示意图；
图31是实施例十二本发明的叶片与导套相配合的构造剖视图。
具体实施方式
实施例一
参见图1至图12所示，本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，包括转轴1、导套2、外壳3和叶片4；导套2与转轴1之间为螺纹配合，即转轴1设有外螺纹11，导套2设有内螺纹21；外壳3设有一腔体，转轴1中旋接有导套2的一段装在外壳的腔体中并使所述腔体形成密闭内腔，转轴1的一端伸入外壳3的腔体中，利用焊接盖52、固定档块53和固定件54对转轴1的一端进行支撑，并实现对腔体一端的密封，腔体的另一端则利用密封圈51实现密封，从而使外壳的腔体形成密闭内腔；在导套2与外壳3之间设有防转结构，使转轴1转动时，导套2在外壳3内沿转轴的轴线往复运动；所述密闭内腔中填充有阻尼油，所述密闭内腔由导套2分隔成第一腔体31和第二腔体32；在导套2上设有沿轴线方向连通二个腔体的第一通道；所述叶片4活动装在导套2上，并处在第一通道的靠第二腔体的一侧，通过靠近或远离第一通道口的方式来封闭或打开该第一通道；所述叶片4呈环状或弧形状配合在外壳3的密闭内腔的内壁面处，叶片4设有能够形变的第一薄壁41，当叶片4向第二腔体32方向移动时，第一薄壁41向外壳内壁面方向展开。
所述导套2的内壁与转轴1的外壁相配合，在导套2的靠第二腔体的一端的内壁处设有能够形变的第二薄壁22，当导套2向第二腔体32方向移动时，第二薄壁22向转轴1的外壁面方向形变。
所述的叶片4的第一薄壁41处设有与第一薄壁相紧邻的第一凹腔42，所述叶片的第一凹腔42的凹口朝向第二腔体方向，使得叶片4向第二腔体方向移动时，其第一凹腔的凹口受阻尼油压力的作用而将第一薄壁41向外侧张开。
所述的导套的第二薄壁22处设有与第二薄壁相紧邻的第二凹腔23，所述导套的第二凹腔23的凹口朝向第二腔体方向，使导套2向第二腔体方向移动时，其第二凹腔23的凹口受阻尼油压力的作用而将第二薄壁22向外侧张开。
所述的叶片或叶片与导套之间为过油通道。
本实施例中，叶片4由二个成弧形状的单体40构成，将二个成弧形状的单体40设计成刚好围成一个圆，也可以如本实施例一样，在导套2上设置二个凸体24，将二个成弧形状的单体40和导套2的二个凸体24共同围成一个圆，以呈环状配合在外壳3的内壁面处。
本实施例的单体的截面形状为V字形，根据设计要求，也可以设计成U字形、E字形、T字形、W字形或C字形等其他形状，或者也可以做成一个整体。
所述的过油通道设置在叶片4与导套2之间，该过油通道包括设在叶片的至少一个单体的至少一端的采用一体成型的通槽43和导套的凸体24中的配合面241，所述配合面241为斜面。
所述的第一通道为导套外壁处沿着转轴的轴线方向采用一体成型方式制成的第二凹槽25。
所述防转结构包括设置在导套外壁处的且是沿着轴线方向的第一凸筋26和设置在外壳内壁处的且是沿着轴线方向的第二凸筋33，所述第一凸筋26与所述第二凸筋33呈错位配合。
进一步的，在第一腔体31与第二腔体32之间还设有用来连通两个腔体的第二通道，所述第二通道的截面呈变径设置，以使得阻尼油在第二通道的流动量呈变化状态。
所述第二通道设置在导套与转轴之间。
所述转轴1具有渐次变化内径的轴芯12，该渐次变化内径的轴芯12与所述导套2围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化内径的轴芯12的内径由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈渐次增大。
本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，是安装在马桶盖板与底座57之间，马桶盖板包括座圈55和上盖56，本发明的外壳3与底座57相固定，本发明的转轴1与马桶盖板相固定。
本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，是在导套2、叶片4上设置薄壁结构来起自补偿作用，叶片4、导套2上的薄壁分别与外壳3、转轴1相关的配合面配合，在压力的作用下，可作微小的形变。当转轴1转动时，转轴1通过螺旋机构带动导套2和叶片4做往复运动，在慢落状态，转轴1朝一个方向转动，使导套2向第二腔体32方向移动，第二腔体32的空间逐步变小，第二腔体32内的阻尼油压力增大，同时，第一腔体31的空间逐步变大，第一腔体31内的阻尼油压力减小，受压力差的作用，第二腔体32的阻尼油要向第一腔体31流动，流动的阻尼油会将叶片4推向第一通道口（即第二凹槽25的一端端口），叶片4将第一通道封闭，另一方面，油压变大的阻尼油进入第一凹腔42，第一凹腔42的凹口受阻尼油压力的作用则将第一薄壁41向外侧张开，使第一薄壁41向外壳内壁面方向形变，从而可以补偿长时间使用后因机磨损而在叶片与外壳之间所形成的间隙，同样的，油压变大的阻尼油也进入第二凹腔23，第二凹腔23的凹口受阻尼油压力的作用则将第二薄壁22向外侧张开，使第二薄壁22向转轴的螺纹面方向形变，从而可以补偿长时间使用后因机磨损而在转轴与导套之间所形成的间隙，这样，由第二腔体32流向第一腔体31的阻尼油只能通过叶片4的过油通道，或者是叶片与导套之间的过油通道，或者是预设好大小的叶片与外壳之间的间隙和/或转轴与导套之间的间隙流动，使得长期使用中，慢落过程中的阻尼油均能够保持恒定的流量，也就是利用薄壁结构产生形变，来达到自补偿的效果。转轴朝相反方向转动，使导套2向第一腔体31方向移动，第一腔体31的空间逐步变小，第一腔体31内的阻尼油压力增大，同时，第二腔体32的空间逐步变大，第二腔体32内的阻尼油压力减小，受压力差的作用，第一腔体31的阻尼油要向第二腔体32流动，流动的阻尼油会将叶片4推离第一通道口（即第二凹槽25的一端端口），叶片4使第一通道打开，阻尼油快速泄压，即，阻尼油快速地从第一腔体31流到第二腔体32中，此时，由于第一凹腔、第二凹腔内的阻尼油压力较小，自补偿结构不起作用，从而达到盖板打开时减小阻力的作用。叶片在导套上作往复运动，相当于单向阀。
本发明采用了将叶片设置成二个成弧形状的单体构成，两个单体40与导套的凸体24一起围成圆形以呈环状配合在外壳的内壁面处，并且在叶片4的至少一个单体的至少一端采用一体成型方式设置通槽43，并将通槽43和导套的凸体24的配合面241相配合构成过油通道，且配合面为斜面，能够使得在叶片4封闭第一通道口时，过油通道61（如图12所示）的截面积较小，而在叶片4打开第一通道口时，过油通道62（如图12所示）的截面积较大，从而有效地保证了盖板的快起慢落。
本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，采用了在第一腔体31与第二腔体32之间设有用来连通两个腔体的第二通道，且第二通道的截面呈变径设置，以使得阻尼油在第二通道的流动量呈变化状态。本发明的转轴1具有渐次变化内径的轴芯12，该渐次变化内径的轴芯12与所述导套2围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化内径的轴芯12的内径由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈渐次增大。这样，第二通道的截面积就从靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈渐次缩小，盖板开始下落时，第二通道的截面积最大，第二腔体32内的阻尼油就会向第一腔体31快速流动，盖板落下的阻力很小，随着盖板继续下落，第二通道的截面积逐渐变小，盖板落下的阻力也逐渐变大，到盖板落下的末期时，盖板落下的阻力也最大，从而形成盖板较好的慢落效果。
实施例二
参见图13至图14所示，本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，与实施例一的不同之处在于，转轴1没有采用渐次变化内径的轴芯，而是转轴1具有突变内径的轴芯13，该突变内径的轴芯13与所述导套2围成所述第二通道，所述突变内径的轴芯13的内径由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈突变增大。
实施例三
参见图15至图16所示，本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，与实施例一的不同之处在于，转轴1没有采用渐次变化内径的轴芯，而是转轴1的轴芯设有沿着轴向的渐次变化的第一开槽14，该渐次变化的第一开槽14与所述导套2围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化的第一开槽14由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈渐次缩小。
实施例四
参见图17至图18所示，本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，与实施例一的不同之处在于，转轴1没有采用渐次变化内径的轴芯，而是转轴1的轴芯设有沿着轴向的梯度结构的第二开槽15，该梯度结构的第二开槽15与所述导套2围成所述第二通道，所述梯度结构的第二开槽15由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈梯度缩小。
实施例五
参见图19所示，本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，与实施例一的不同之处在于，转轴1没有采用渐次变化内径的轴芯，而是转轴的外螺纹11设有沿着螺纹方向的渐次变化的第三开槽16，该渐次变化的第三开槽16与所述导套2围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化的第三开槽16由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈螺旋式渐次缩小。
实施例六
参见图20所示，本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，与实施例一的不同之处在于，所述第二通道还设置在导套与外壳之间，这样，外壳的结构就与实施例一不同，外壳3具有渐次变化内径的腔体34，该渐次变化内径的腔体34的腔壁与所述导套2围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化内径的腔体34的内径由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈渐次缩小。本实施例，有二个第二通道，一个是由渐次变化内径的轴芯12与所述导套2围成，另一个是由渐次变化内径的腔体34的腔壁与所述导套2围成，当然，也可以是只有一个，比如，只有渐次变化内径的腔体34的腔壁与所述导套2围成第二通道，这样，转轴就改成相同大小的内径。
实施例七
参见图21所示，本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，与实施例六的不同之处在于，外壳不是采用渐次变化内径的腔体，而是外壳3具有突变内径的腔体35，该突变内径的腔体35的腔壁与所述导套2围成所述第二通道，所述突变内径的腔体35的内径由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈突变缩小。
实施例八
参见图22至图23所示，本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，与实施例六的不同之处在于，外壳不是采用渐次变化内径的腔体，而是外壳3的腔体的腔壁中设有沿着轴向的渐次变化的第四开槽36，该渐次变化的第四开槽36与所述导套2围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化的第四开槽36由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈渐次缩小。
实施例九
参见图24至图25所示，本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，与实施例六的不同之处在于，外壳不是采用渐次变化内径的腔体，而是外壳3的腔体的腔壁中设有沿着轴向的梯度结构的第五开槽37，该梯度结构的第五开槽37与所述导套2围成所述第二通道，所述梯度结构的第五开槽37由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈梯度缩小。
实施例十
参见图26至图27所示，本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，与实施例一的不同之处在于，所述的第一通道为导套2中沿着转轴的轴线方向设置的第二通孔27。
实施例十一
参见图28至图29所示，本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，与实施例一的不同之处在于，所述的过油通道为设置在叶片上的沿着轴线方向的第一通孔44。
实施例十二
参见图30至图31所示，本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，与实施例一的不同之处在于，所述的过油通道设置在叶片与导套之间，该过油通道包括设在叶片4的至少一个单体中的缺口45和导套2中与该缺口对应位置处的第一凹槽28。
结合上述实施例，第二通道的设置可以单独设在在导套与转轴之间，也可以单独设在导套与外壳之间；同样，第二通道也可以在导套与转轴之间和导套与外壳之间均有设置，比如，转轴采用突变内径的轴芯，外壳采用渐次变化内径的腔体；再比如，转轴的轴芯设有沿着轴向的渐次变化的第一开槽，外壳的腔体的腔壁中设有沿着轴向的梯度结构的第五开槽；等等，各种交叉组合的情况都是可以的。
需要说明的是，本发明具有较为广泛的应用范围，可以应于在马桶盖板上，也可以应用在冰箱门、手机盖和橱门等各种门/盖等产品上，还可以用于抽屉上，这是因为本发明采用的是让阻尼油沿着转轴的轴向运动，相比较于让阻尼油沿着转轴的周向运动可以形成更长的行程，使用时是将抽屉的直线运动转化成转轴的转动。
上述实施例仅用来进一步说明本发明的一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，但本发明并不局限于实施例，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均落入本发明技术方案的保护范围内。
工业实用性
本发明设计的自补偿机构，能够在需要阻尼状态，使叶片第一薄壁向外壳内壁面方向形变，第二薄壁向转轴的外壁面方向形变，从而能够自动补偿因机械磨损产生的间隙，使阻尼转轴机构长时间保持在一个稳定的状态，达到延长阻尼转轴机构使用寿命的目的。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，包括转轴、导套、外壳和叶片；导套与转轴之间为螺纹配合；外壳设有一腔体，转轴中旋接有导套的一段装在外壳的腔体中并形成密闭内腔；所述密闭内腔中填充有阻尼油，并由导套分隔成第一腔体和第二腔体；在导套上设有沿轴线方向连通二个腔体的第一通道；所述叶片活动装在导套上，并处在第一通道的靠第二腔体一侧以封闭或打开该第一通道；其特征在于：所述叶片呈环状或弧形状配合在外壳的内壁面处，叶片设有能够形变的第一薄壁，当叶片向第二腔体方向移动时，第一薄壁向外壳内壁面方向形变。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述导套的内壁与转轴的外壁相配合，在导套的靠第二腔体的一端的内壁处设有能够形变的第二薄壁，当导套向第二腔体方向移动时，第二薄壁向转轴的外壁面方向形变。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述的叶片的第一薄壁处设有与第一薄壁相紧邻的第一凹腔，所述叶片的第一凹腔的凹口朝向第二腔体方向，使得叶片向第二腔体方向移动时，其第一凹腔的凹口受阻尼油压力的作用而将第一薄壁向外侧张开。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述的导套的第二薄壁处设有与第二薄壁相紧邻的第二凹腔，所述导套的第二凹腔的凹口朝向第二腔体方向，使导套向第二腔体方向移动时，其第二凹腔的凹口受阻尼油压力的作用而将第二薄壁向外侧张开。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述的叶片或叶片与导套之间还设有过油通道。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述的叶片由至少二个成弧形状的单体构成，各个单体围成圆形或与导套的凸体一起围成圆形以呈环状配合在外壳的内壁面处。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述单体的截面形状为V字形、U字形、E字形、T字形、W字形或C字形。
  8. 根据权利要求5或6或7所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述的过油通道为设置在叶片上的沿着轴线方向的第一通孔。
  9. 根据权利要求6或7所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述的过油通道设置在叶片与导套之间，该过油通道包括设在叶片的至少一个单体中的缺口和导套中与该缺口对应位置处的第一凹槽。
  10. 根据权利要求6或7所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述的过油通道设置在叶片与导套之间，该过油通道包括设在叶片的至少一个单体的至少一端的采用一体成型的通槽和导套的凸体中的配合面，所述配合面为斜面。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述的第一通道为导套外壁处沿着转轴的轴线方向采用一体成型方式制成的第二凹槽。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述的第一通道为导套中沿着转轴的轴线方向设置的第二通孔。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述防转结构包括设置在导套外壁处的且是沿着轴线方向的第一凸筋和设置在外壳内壁处的且是沿着轴线方向的第二凸筋，所述第一凸筋与所述第二凸筋呈错位配合。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：进一步的，在第一腔体与第二腔体之间还设有用来连通两个腔体的第二通道，所述第二通道的截面呈变径设置，以使得阻尼油在第二通道的流动量呈变化状态。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述第二通道设置在导套与转轴之间。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述转轴具有渐次变化内径的轴芯，该渐次变化内径的轴芯与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化内径的轴芯的内径由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈渐次增大；或者是，所述转轴具有突变内径的轴芯，该突变内径的轴芯与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述突变内径的轴芯的内径由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈突变增大。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述转轴的轴芯设有沿着轴向的渐次变化的第一开槽，该渐次变化的第一开槽与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化的第一开槽由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈渐次缩小；或者是，所述转轴的轴芯设有沿着轴向的梯度结构的第二开槽，该梯度结构的第二开槽与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述梯度结构的第二开槽由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈梯度缩小。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述转轴的外螺纹设有沿着螺纹方向的渐次变化的第三开槽，该渐次变化的第三开槽与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化的第三开槽由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈螺旋式渐次缩小。
  19. 根据权利要求14或15所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述第二通道设置在导套与外壳之间。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述外壳具有渐次变化内径的腔体，该渐次变化内径的腔体的腔壁与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化内径的腔体的内径由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈渐次缩小；或者是，所述外壳具有突变内径的腔体，该突变内径的腔体的腔壁与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述突变内径的腔体的内径由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈突变缩小。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的带自补偿的阻尼转轴机构，其特征在于：所述外壳的腔体的腔壁中设有沿着轴向的渐次变化的第四开槽，该渐次变化的第四开槽与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述渐次变化的第四开槽由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈渐次缩小；或者是，所述外壳的腔体的腔壁中设有沿着轴向的梯度结构的第五开槽，该梯度结构的第五开槽与所述导套围成所述第二通道，所述梯度结构的第五开槽由靠第一腔体的一端向靠第二腔体的一端呈梯度缩小。
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