WO2015137172A1 - 半導体デバイスの製造方法及び製造装置 - Google Patents
半導体デバイスの製造方法及び製造装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015137172A1 WO2015137172A1 PCT/JP2015/056011 JP2015056011W WO2015137172A1 WO 2015137172 A1 WO2015137172 A1 WO 2015137172A1 JP 2015056011 W JP2015056011 W JP 2015056011W WO 2015137172 A1 WO2015137172 A1 WO 2015137172A1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N50/00—Galvanomagnetic devices
- H10N50/01—Manufacture or treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32431—Constructional details of the reactor
- H01J37/3244—Gas supply means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67017—Apparatus for fluid treatment
- H01L21/67063—Apparatus for fluid treatment for etching
- H01L21/67069—Apparatus for fluid treatment for etching for drying etching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N50/00—Galvanomagnetic devices
- H10N50/10—Magnetoresistive devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N50/00—Galvanomagnetic devices
- H10N50/80—Constructional details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N50/00—Galvanomagnetic devices
- H10N50/80—Constructional details
- H10N50/85—Magnetic active materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
- G11C11/02—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements
- G11C11/16—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements using elements in which the storage effect is based on magnetic spin effect
- G11C11/161—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements using elements in which the storage effect is based on magnetic spin effect details concerning the memory cell structure, e.g. the layers of the ferromagnetic memory cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
- H01J2237/32—Processing objects by plasma generation
- H01J2237/33—Processing objects by plasma generation characterised by the type of processing
- H01J2237/334—Etching
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a semiconductor device having a stacked structure including an MTJ element.
- MRAM Magnetic Resistive Random Access Memory
- MTJ Magnetic Tunnel Junction
- An MTJ element is composed of an insulating film, for example, an MgO film, and two ferromagnetic films, for example, a CoFeB film, facing each other with the MgO film interposed therebetween.
- An MRAM is composed of an MTJ element and a noble metal film such as a Ta film or a Ru film. Composed.
- the MRAM has a laminated structure including a laminated MgO film 150 and two CoFeB films 151 and 152, a Ta film 153, and a Ru film 154 that are opposed to each other with the MgO film 150 interposed therebetween.
- Each film is etched using a hard mask 155 or a metal hard mask 156 to obtain a pillar structure (columnar structure) 157 as shown in FIG. 13B.
- the noble metal film is etched by sputtering mode physical etching in the above-described laminated structure. At this time, ion milling (see, for example, Patent Document 1) or plasma etching is used as an etching means.
- a damage layer in which crystallinity disappears may be formed on the side surface of the pillar structure 157 due to ion implantation.
- plasma etching when the sputtering is strong, the side surface of the pillar structure 157 is inclined.
- a polymer layer formed by combining carbon and hydrogen in each film material and processing gas is formed on the side surface of the pillar structure 157. Is done.
- the damage layer, the side surface inclination, and the polymer layer described above inhibit the insulating function of the MgO film and the magnetism of the CoFeB film, when the pillar structure 157 is formed only by ion milling or plasma etching, the MRAM having the pillar structure 157 The desired performance may not be achieved.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device manufacturing method and a manufacturing apparatus that can exhibit desired performance.
- At least an MTJ element and a metal layer are included, and the MTJ element includes a first ferromagnetic film, an insulating film, and a second ferromagnetic film stacked in this order.
- a manufacturing method of a semiconductor device having a stacked structure configured as follows: a first processing step of etching the stacked structure by ion milling or plasma etching; and a GCIB to the stacked structure after the first processing step.
- a semiconductor device manufacturing apparatus having a laminated structure including at least an MTJ element and a metal layer, wherein the laminated structure is etched by ion milling or plasma etching. 1 processing unit and a second processing unit for irradiating GCIB (gas cluster ion beam) to the etched laminated structure, and in the second processing unit, acetic acid gas is supplied around the laminated structure.
- GCIB gas cluster ion beam
- acetic acid gas is supplied around the laminated structure.
- a semiconductor device manufacturing apparatus is provided in which oxygen GCIB is irradiated onto the stacked structure.
- oxygen GCIB is irradiated in an atmosphere of acetic acid gas to the damage layer of the multilayer structure generated in the first processing step, the inclination of the side surface of the multilayer structure, or the polymer layer formed on the side surface of the multilayer structure.
- the damage layer, the slope of the side of the laminated structure, and the polymer layer contain metals that contain precious metals that are difficult to etch, but the kinetic energy of oxygen gas clusters and the promotion of metal oxidation by oxygen molecules decomposed from oxygen gas clusters,
- the damage layer, the inclination of the side surface of the laminated structure, and the polymer layer are chemically removed through surrounding of the metal oxide by acetic acid molecules and sublimation.
- the semiconductor device including the MTJ element can exhibit desired performance.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing a configuration of a semiconductor device manufacturing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a trimming module in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the GCIB irradiation apparatus in FIG.
- FIGS. 4A to 4C are diagrams for explaining a process in which a side surface is inclined in a stacked structure including an MTJ element.
- FIGS. 5A to 5C are process diagrams showing a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 6A to 6C are views for explaining a process in which a polymer layer is formed on a side surface in a stacked structure including an MTJ element.
- FIGS. 7A to 7C are process diagrams showing a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 8A to 8C are views for explaining a process in which a damage layer is formed on a side surface in a stacked structure including an MTJ element.
- FIGS. 9A to 9C are process diagrams showing a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 12A to 12F are process diagrams showing a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 13A and 13B are process diagrams for explaining a manufacturing process of an MRAM having an MTJ element.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing a configuration of a semiconductor device manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- a semiconductor device manufacturing apparatus 10 includes an etching module 11 (first processing unit) that performs physical etching on a wafer W having a laminated structure composed of a plurality of films by film formation, and an etching process.
- a trimming module 12 (second processing unit) that performs trimming processing on the processed wafer W using GCIB (Gas Cluster Ion Beam), and a nitride film that covers the laminated structure of the wafer W subjected to the trimming processing, for example, Wafer W from film forming module 13 (film forming unit) for forming a SiN (silicon nitride) film and a container for accommodating a plurality of wafers W (indicated by broken lines in the figure), for example, FOUP (Front Opening Unified Pod) 14
- Loader module 15 for unloading and etching module Transfer module 16 for carrying wafers in and out of the wafer 11, trimming module 12 and film forming module 13, and two load lock modules 17 for transferring each wafer W between the load
- the loader module 15 includes a substantially rectangular parallelepiped transfer chamber that is open to the atmosphere.
- the loader module 15 includes a load port 18 into which the FOUP 14 can be mounted.
- the wafer W is loaded into and unloaded from the FOUP 14 mounted in the load port 18.
- a transfer arm 19 (shown by a broken line in the figure) is provided inside the transfer chamber.
- the transfer module 16 has a transfer chamber whose inside is depressurized. Around the transfer module 16, the etching module 11, the trimming module 12, and the film forming module 13 are radially arranged and connected. The transfer module 16 is connected to the transfer chamber 16. The wafer W is transferred between the etching module 11, the trimming module 12, the film forming module 13, and each load lock module 17 by a transfer arm 20 (shown by a broken line in the figure) arranged inside the frame.
- the load lock module 17 includes a standby chamber in which the inside can be switched between an atmospheric pressure environment and a decompression environment, and the transfer arm 19 of the loader module 15 and the transfer arm 20 of the transfer module 16 deliver the wafers W via the load lock module 17. I do.
- the etching module 11 has a processing chamber whose inside is decompressed, and performs physical etching processing on the wafer W by ion milling or plasma etching in the processing chamber.
- the trimming module 12 also has a processing chamber whose inside is decompressed, and the wafer W is irradiated with GCIB from a GCIB irradiation device 26 (to be described later) to perform trimming processing on the wafer W.
- the film forming module 13 also has a processing chamber whose inside is decompressed, and forms a SiN film covering the laminated structure of the wafer W by a CVD process using plasma in the processing chamber.
- the semiconductor device manufacturing apparatus 10 includes a control unit 21.
- the control unit 21 controls the operation of each component of the semiconductor device manufacturing apparatus 10 according to a program for realizing a desired recipe, for example, for each wafer W. The process corresponding to the recipe of is performed.
- the control unit 21 is connected to the loader module 15 and the trimming module 12, but the control unit 21 may be connected to any component in the semiconductor device manufacturing apparatus 10.
- the component may include the control unit 21, and the control unit 21 may be configured as an external server installed at a location different from the semiconductor device manufacturing apparatus 10.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the trimming module in FIG.
- the trimming module 12 includes a processing chamber 22 that accommodates a wafer W, a mounting table 23 that is disposed below the processing chamber 22, and a wafer W that is mounted on the upper surface of the mounting table 23.
- An electrostatic chuck 24 that performs electroadsorption, an arm unit 25 that separates the electrostatic chuck 24 from the mounting table 23 together with the electrostatically attracted wafer W, and an oxygen GCIB that is disposed on the side wall of the processing chamber 22 substantially horizontally.
- a GCIB irradiation device 26 for irradiating the laser beam.
- the arm unit 25 separates the electrostatic chuck 24 from the mounting table 23 so that the electrostatically attracted wafer W faces the GCIB irradiation device 26, and acetic acid gas is supplied into the processing chamber 22.
- the GCIB irradiation device 26 irradiates the opposite wafer W with GCIB of oxygen.
- the electrostatic chuck 24 incorporates a coolant channel and a heater (both not shown), and can cool the electrostatically attracted wafer W while heating the wafer W.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the GCIB irradiation apparatus in FIG.
- the GCIB irradiation device 26 includes a cylindrical main body 27 that is disposed substantially horizontally and whose inside is decompressed, a nozzle 28 that is disposed at one end of the main body 27, a plate-shaped skimmer 29, and an ionizer. 30, an accelerator 31, a permanent magnet 32, and an aperture plate 33.
- the nozzle 28 is disposed along the central axis of the main body 27, and for example, oxygen gas is ejected along the central axis.
- the skimmer 29 is arranged so as to cover the cross section in the main body 27, and the central portion projects toward the nozzle 28 along the central axis of the main body 27, and has a narrow hole 34 at the top of the projected portion.
- the aperture plate 33 is also arranged so as to cover the cross section in the main body 27, has an aperture hole 35 in a portion corresponding to the central axis of the main body 27, and the other end of the main body 27 is also in a portion corresponding to the central axis of the main body 27.
- An aperture hole 36 is provided.
- the ionizer 30, the accelerator 31, and the permanent magnet 32 are all disposed so as to surround the central axis of the main body 27.
- the ionizer 30 emits electrons toward the central axis of the main body 27 by heating the built-in filament. Causes a potential difference along the central axis of the main body 27, and the permanent magnet 32 generates a magnetic field in the vicinity of the central axis of the main body 27.
- the voltage applied to the ionizer 30 for heating the filament is hereinafter referred to as “ionization voltage”, and the voltage applied to the accelerator 31 for generating a potential difference is hereinafter referred to as “acceleration voltage”.
- a nozzle 28, a skimmer 29, an ionizer 30, an accelerator 31, an aperture plate 33 and a permanent magnet 32 are arranged from one end side (left side in the figure) to the other end side (right side in the figure) of the main body 27. Arranged in order.
- the skimmer 29 selects only the oxygen gas cluster 37 that moves along the central axis of the main body 27 among the plurality of oxygen gas clusters 37 by the narrow holes 34, and the ionizer 30 moves the oxygen gas cluster that moves along the central axis of the main body 27.
- the oxygen gas cluster 37 is ionized by colliding electrons with the electron beam 37, the accelerator 31 accelerates the ionized oxygen gas cluster 37 to the other end side of the main body 27 by the potential difference, and the aperture plate 33 is accelerated by the aperture hole 35.
- the permanent magnets 32 are relatively small oxygen gas clusters 37 (including monomers of ionized oxygen molecules) by a magnetic field. Change the course of. In the permanent magnet 32, the relatively large oxygen gas cluster 37 is also affected by the magnetic field, but because the mass is large, the course is not changed by the magnetic force, and the movement continues along the central axis of the main body 27.
- the relatively large oxygen gas cluster 37 that has passed through the permanent magnet 32 passes through the aperture hole 36 at the other end of the main body 27, is injected out of the main body 27 as oxygen GCIB, and is irradiated toward the wafer W.
- the MRAM has a stacked MgO film 38 (insulating film) and two CoFeB films 39 and 40 (first ferromagnetic layers) facing each other with the MgO film 38 interposed therebetween, as shown in FIG. 4A.
- the laminated structure 43 including the film, the second ferromagnetic film), the Ta film 41, and the Ru film 42 each film is etched using the hard mask 44 formed on the laminated structure 43 to obtain the pillar structure 49. It is manufactured by.
- the MgO film 38 and the CoFeB films 39 and 40 constitute the MTJ element 45.
- plasma etching which is a physical etching process, is performed on the stacked structure 43 of the wafer W.
- the bias voltage applied to the wafer W is set large and the sputtering by the positive ions in the plasma is strengthened, not only each film of the laminated structure 43 but also the hard mask 44 is removed by etching and shrinks over time. To do.
- the upper layer film is etched away, so that the upper layer film has a larger etching amount and the side surface of the pillar structure 49 is inclined (FIG. 4B). Thereafter, when the hard mask 44 is reduced and the width of the hard mask 44 is reduced, a part of the upper film is newly exposed and etched. When a part of the upper film is etched and a part of the lower film is newly exposed, a part of the newly exposed lower film is also etched. That is, since the etching amounts of all the films are almost the same, the inclination on the side surface of the pillar structure 49 is maintained (FIG. 4C).
- oxygen GCIB is used to eliminate the inclination on the side surface of the pillar structure 49.
- 5A to 5C are process diagrams showing a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the wafer W having the pillar structure 49 whose side surface is inclined by plasma etching is carried into the trimming module 12, and the wafer W is opposed to the GCIB irradiation device 26 by the mounting table 23 and the arm unit 25.
- acetic acid gas is supplied into the processing chamber 22 of the trimming module 12, and further, GCIB of oxygen is irradiated from the GCIB irradiation device 26 toward the wafer W (FIG. 5A) (second processing step).
- GCIB of oxygen is irradiated from the GCIB irradiation device 26 toward the wafer W (FIG. 5A) (second processing step).
- the oxygen gas cluster 37 and each film of the pillar structure 49 collide with each other, but the kinetic energy of the oxygen gas cluster 37 and the oxygen gas cluster 37 are decomposed in each film. Oxidation is promoted by oxygen molecules, and oxides of the metal constituting each film are generated, including noble metals such as Ta and Ru, which are difficult to etch.
- the vapor pressure of the noble metal oxide since the vapor pressure of the noble metal oxide is high, it sublimates as it is, and for other metals such as Co, Fe and Ta, a large number of acetic acid molecules of acetic acid gas surround the metal oxide. As a result, the film is sublimated and removed.
- the oxygen gas cluster 37 is accelerated along the central axis of the main body 27 by the accelerator 31 of the GCIB irradiation device 26, the oxygen gas cluster 37 is extremely straight. Therefore, when the wafer W is opposed to the GCIB irradiation device 26 and the top of the pillar structure 49 is directly opposed to the GCIB irradiation device 26, the oxygen gas cluster 37 is covered with the reduced hard mask 44 in each film of the pillar structure 49. It does not collide with any part, and only collides with a part not covered by the reduced hard mask 44, that is, an inclined part on the side surface of the pillar structure 49. Thereby, the inclined portion is removed by oxidation and sublimation with the oxygen gas cluster 37 and acetic acid gas described above, and as a result, the inclination on the side surface of the pillar structure 49 is eliminated (FIG. 5B).
- the wafer W is moved from the trimming module 12 to the film forming module 13 via the transfer module 16. Since the processing chambers and transfer chambers of the trimming module 12, the transfer module 16, and the film forming module 13 are depressurized, a natural oxide film is prevented from being formed in the pillar structure 49 where the ends of the respective films are exposed. be able to.
- a SiN film 46 covering the exposed surface of the pillar structure 49 is formed by a CVD process using plasma (FIG. 5C), and the present method ends.
- the GCIB of oxygen is irradiated in an atmosphere of acetic acid gas onto the inclined portion of the side surface of the pillar structure 49 generated by performing the plasma etching.
- the kinetic energy of the oxygen gas cluster 37 and the oxidation of the metal constituting each film by the oxygen molecules decomposed from the oxygen gas cluster 37 are promoted at the inclined portion of the side surface of the pillar structure 49, and further the metal oxide by the acetic acid molecule
- the inclined portion of the side surface of the pillar structure 49 is chemically removed through surrounding and sublimation.
- the MRAM including the MTJ element 45 can exhibit desired performance.
- oxygen GCIB is irradiated.
- the oxygen gas cluster 37 in the oxygen GCIB collides with the inclined portion of the side surface of the pillar structure 49, it is easily decomposed. Scattered as oxygen molecules. That is, since the oxygen gas cluster 37 is not driven into each film of the pillar structure 49 as it is, the occurrence of damage in each film is suppressed.
- the kinetic energy of the oxygen gas cluster 37 is large, the kinetic energy of the decomposed oxygen molecules also remains large, and each oxygen molecule may be driven into each film of the pillar structure 49 to cause damage. Therefore, it is preferable to set the acceleration voltage in the accelerator 31 of the GCIB irradiation apparatus 26 to 10 kV or less to prevent the kinetic energy of the oxygen gas cluster 37 from becoming excessively large.
- the semiconductor device manufacturing method according to the present embodiment is also executed by the semiconductor device manufacturing apparatus 10.
- This embodiment is basically the same in configuration and operation as the first embodiment described above, and the bias voltage applied to the wafer W when the plasma etching is performed on the laminated structure 43 of the wafer W is set. It is different from the first embodiment described above in that it is not set large. Therefore, the description of the duplicated configuration and operation is omitted, and the description of the different configuration and operation is given below.
- the bias voltage applied to the wafer W is not set large, and If sputtering by cations is weakened, the hard mask 44 is not etched away, so that the hard mask 44 does not shrink over time.
- the portions covered with the hard mask 44 in each film of the stacked structure 43 are not etched away, while the hard film in each film of the stacked structure 43 is not etched. Since the portion not covered by the mask 44 is continuously removed by etching, the side surface of the pillar structure 49 is not inclined (FIG. 6B).
- GCIB of oxygen is used.
- FIGS. 7A to 7C are process diagrams showing a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the wafer W having the pillar structure 49 in which the polymer layer 47 is formed on the side surface by performing plasma etching is loaded into the trimming module 12, and the wafer W is loaded onto the GCIB irradiation device 26 by the mounting table 23 and the arm unit 25. To face.
- acetic acid gas is supplied into the processing chamber 22 of the trimming module 12, and oxygen GCIB is irradiated from the GCIB irradiation device 26 toward the wafer W (FIG. 7A) (second processing step). Since the oxygen gas cluster 37 is extremely straight, the oxygen gas cluster 37 is covered by the hard mask 44 when the wafer W is opposed to the GCIB irradiation device 26 and the top of the pillar structure 49 is directly opposed to the GCIB irradiation device 26. It collides only with the polymer layer 47 that is not broken.
- the oxidation of the metal (including the noble metal) existing in the polymer layer 47 is promoted by the kinetic energy of the oxygen gas cluster 37 and the oxygen molecules decomposed from the oxygen gas cluster 37 to generate a metal oxide.
- noble metal oxides have a high vapor pressure, they sublimate as they are with the heat of GCIB irradiation.
- other metals such as Co, Fe, and Ta oxides, many acetic acid molecules in acetic acid gas oxidize the metal.
- the metal oxide that surrounds the object and is surrounded by a large number of acetic acid molecules is sublimated from the polymer layer 47 by heat during irradiation with GCIB and removed.
- the organic substance contained in the polymer layer 47 is also decomposed by the kinetic energy of the oxygen gas cluster 37 and is removed by sublimation as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) or water (H 2 O). As a result, the polymer layer 47 is removed (FIG. 7B).
- the wafer W is moved from the trimming module 12 to the film forming module 13 via the transfer module 16.
- a SiN film 46 covering the exposed surface of the pillar structure 49 is formed by a CVD process using plasma (FIG. 7C), and the present method ends.
- the GCIB of oxygen is irradiated in an atmosphere of acetic acid gas to the pillar structure 49 in which the polymer layer 47 is formed on the side surface by performing plasma etching. Accordingly, the oxidation of the metal existing in the polymer layer 47 by the kinetic energy of the oxygen gas cluster 37 is promoted, and further, the surrounding of the metal oxide by the acetic acid molecule, sublimation, and the polymer layer 47 by the kinetic energy of the oxygen gas cluster 37 The polymer layer 47 is chemically removed through the decomposition of the organic matter contained in. As a result, since the MgO film 38 and the CoFeB films 39 and 40 are not electrically connected by the polymer layer 47, the normal operation of the MRAM can be prevented from being hindered.
- the acceleration voltage in the accelerator 31 of the GCIB irradiation apparatus 26 is set to 10 kV or less, and the oxygen gas cluster It is preferable to prevent the kinetic energy of 37 from becoming excessively large.
- the semiconductor device manufacturing method according to the present embodiment is also executed by the semiconductor device manufacturing apparatus 10.
- This embodiment is basically the same in configuration and operation as the first embodiment described above, and the first embodiment described above in that ion milling is performed on the stacked structure 43 of the wafer W as a physical etching process. Different from the embodiment. Therefore, the description of the duplicated configuration and operation is omitted, and the description of the different configuration and operation is given below.
- the hard mask 44 is scraped by ion milling.
- the hard mask 44 does not shrink over time.
- the portions covered by the hard mask 44 in each film of the laminated structure 43 are not etched away (FIG. 8B), but ions in ion milling Since the straightness of the film is not so high, ions are implanted into the side surfaces (end portions of the respective films) of the laminated structure 43, and thereby the crystallinity is lost. (Including bird's peaks, which are bowl-shaped magnetic property changing portions formed at both ends) are formed below the hard mask 44 on the side surface of the pillar structure 49 (FIG. 8C). Since the crystallinity is lost in the damaged layer 48, the magnetic characteristics of each film change, and there is a possibility that the normal operation of the MRAM including the MTJ element 45 may be hindered.
- oxygen GCIB is used to remove the damage layer 48 formed on the side surface of the pillar structure 49.
- 9A to 9C are process diagrams showing a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the wafer W having the pillar structure 49 in which the damage layer 48 is formed on the side surface by performing ion milling is carried into the trimming module 12.
- the wafer W is opposed to the GCIB irradiation device 26 by the mounting table 23 and the arm unit 25.
- the damage layer 48 is formed below the hard mask 44, so that the top of the pillar structure 49 is formed. Is directly opposed to the GCIB irradiation device 26, the oxygen gas cluster 37 having extremely high straightness does not collide with the damage layer 48.
- the amount of protrusion of the arm portion 25 from the mounting table 23 is adjusted, and the wafer W is tilted with respect to the GCIB irradiation device 26 so that the side surface of the pillar structure 49 faces the GCIB irradiation device 26. .
- acetic acid gas is supplied into the processing chamber 22 of the trimming module 12, and further, GCIB of oxygen is irradiated from the GCIB irradiation device 26 toward the wafer W (FIG. 9A) (second processing step). Since the side surface of the pillar structure 49 faces the GCIB irradiation device 26, the oxygen gas cluster 37 collides with the damage layer 48 formed on the side surface of the pillar structure 49.
- the oxidation of the metal (including noble metal) present in the damaged layer 48 is promoted by the kinetic energy of the oxygen gas cluster 37 and the oxygen molecules decomposed from the oxygen gas cluster 37 to generate a metal oxide.
- Many acetic acid molecules in the gas surround the metal oxide and sublimate and remove the metal oxide from the damage layer 48 (FIG. 9B).
- the wafer W is moved from the trimming module 12 to the film forming module 13 via the transfer module 16. Thereafter, in the film forming module 13, a SiN film 46 covering the exposed surface of the pillar structure 49 is formed by a CVD process using plasma (FIG. 9C), and the present method ends.
- the GCBI of oxygen is irradiated in an atmosphere of acetic acid gas to the pillar structure 49 in which the damage layer 48 is formed on the side surface by performing ion milling.
- This facilitates the oxidation of the metal existing in the damage layer 48 by the kinetic energy of the oxygen gas cluster 37, and further surrounds the oxide of the metal by acetic acid molecules, and the damage layer 48 that has lost its crystallinity through sublimation is chemically treated. Removed.
- the magnetic characteristics of each film in the pillar structure 49 are not changed, and the normal operation of the MRAM including the MTJ element 45 can be prevented from being hindered.
- the acceleration voltage in the accelerator 31 of the GCIB irradiation apparatus 26 is set to 10 kV or less, and the oxygen gas cluster It is preferable to prevent the oxygen molecules decomposed by excessively increasing the kinetic energy of 37 from being driven into the side surfaces of the pillar structure 49.
- the semiconductor device manufacturing method according to the present embodiment is also executed by the semiconductor device manufacturing apparatus 10.
- the widths of the two CoFeB films 39 and 40 are set to be the same, but in recent years, as shown in FIG. 10, the upper CoFeB film 40 (hereinafter referred to as “free layer 40”).
- the width of the CoFeB film 39 (hereinafter referred to as “reference layer 39”) (the first ferromagnetic film) below the width of the (second ferromagnetic film) is set to be large, and the MTJ element 45 is stepped. It has been proposed to form.
- the magnetization state of the free layer 40 is controlled to store information. However, the more uniform the distribution of magnetic lines of force incident on the free layer 40, the more the thermal stability of the magnetization state of the free layer 40 increases.
- the MRAM including the MTJ element 45 can be stably used as a nonvolatile memory.
- a part of the free layer 40 is formed. It is conceivable to cover the other portion of the free layer 40 that is covered with a hard mask and to be scraped off by plasma etching or ion milling. Usually, however, a magnetic metal layer such as a CoFeB film or the like on an oxide film such as an MgO film constituting an MTJ element Since it is difficult to ensure etching selectivity, it is difficult to accurately etch the free layer 40 by a desired amount.
- the present inventor uses the GCIB irradiation device 26, sets the ionization voltage to 185 V, sets the acceleration voltage to 20 kV, and sets the amount of the collision of the oxygen gas clusters 37 to 2 ⁇ 10 16.
- the cutting amount (etching amount) of the MgO film and the CoFeB film was 39.3 nm and 32.32 m, respectively, in an atmosphere without acetic acid gas. It was 1 nm (see the bar graph indicated by hatching in FIG.
- the cutting amounts of the MgO film and the CoFeB film were almost unchanged, an atmosphere in which acetic acid gas was present (the partial pressure of acetic acid gas was 5. in 3 ⁇ 10 -3 Pa), the cutting amount of the MgO film and CoFeB film (etching amount) are each 100nm and 344nm Bar reference indicated by solid in FIG. 11.), It was confirmed to be able to secure about 3.4 times selectivity of CoFeB film to MgO film.
- GCIB of oxygen is used to form the MTJ element 45 in the pillar structure 49 in a step shape by using the selection ratio of the CoFeB film to the MgO film.
- 12A to 12F are process diagrams showing a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- any one of the semiconductor device manufacturing methods according to the first to third embodiments is performed until oxygen pillar GCIB is irradiated onto the pillar structure 49.
- the inclination on the side surface is eliminated in the trimming module 12 (FIG. 5B), or the polymer layer 47 and the damage layer 48 formed on the side surface are removed (FIG. 7B, FIG. 9B) to obtain the pillar structure 49 (FIG. 12A). ).
- the mask 50 (and others that partially covers the free layer 40 of the MTJ element 45).
- FIG. 12A acetic acid gas is again supplied into the processing chamber 22 in the trimming module 12, and oxygen GCIB is irradiated from the GCIB irradiation device 26 toward the wafer W (FIG. 12B).
- the selection ratio of the CoFeB film to the MgO film is about 3.4 times, the exposed free layer 40 is positively removed, while the MgO film 38 is not removed so much.
- a shaped MTJ element 45 is formed (FIG. 12C).
- the wafer W having the pillar structure 49 formed in a step shape is moved from the trimming module 12 to the film forming module 13 via the transfer module 16.
- a SiN film 51 covering the exposed surface of the pillar structure 49 is formed by a CVD process using plasma (FIG. 12D), and further, an SiN film is formed by anisotropic etching such as GCIB or plasma etching. 51 is etched. Since the SiN film 51 decreases in the thickness direction by anisotropic etching, when the anisotropic etching is stopped when the MgO film 38 is exposed, the SiN film 51 remains only on the side surfaces of the mask 50 and the free layer 40 (FIG. 12E). The anisotropic etching may be continued even when the MgO film 38 is exposed, and may be stopped when the reference layer 39 is exposed.
- the MgO film 38 and the reference layer 39 are etched by anisotropic etching such as GCIB and plasma etching, and when the Ta film 41 and the like are exposed, the anisotropic etching is stopped.
- the Ta film 41 and the like may also be etched, but in this case, it is preferable to perform plasma etching from the viewpoint of improving throughput.
- plasma etching when plasma etching is performed, damage is generated in each film, and the polymer adheres to the side surface of each film. Therefore, the GCCI of oxygen is further irradiated to the pillar structure 49 to remove the damaged portion and the polymer. preferable.
- GCIB anisotropic etching
- the upper electrode 52 is formed on the mask 50 (FIG. 12F), and this method is finished.
- the oxygen GCIB is irradiated to the MTJ element 45 formed by laminating the reference layer 39, the MgO film 38, and the free layer 40 in this order.
- the selective ratio of the CoFeB film to the MgO film in the oxygen GCIB irradiation is about 3.4 times, so that the exposed free layer 40 is positively removed while the MgO film 38 is not much. Not removed.
- the stepped MTJ element 45 can be easily obtained.
- the selectivity ratio of the CoFeB film to the MgO film is about 3.4 times. It was confirmed that it could be secured larger. Therefore, in the semiconductor device manufacturing method of FIGS. 12A to 12F, it is preferable to set the acceleration voltage to 10 kV or less when the exposed MTJ element 45 is irradiated with oxygen GCIB. Thereby, the step-like MTJ element 45 can be obtained more reliably.
- the pillar structure 49 in which the inclination on the side surface has been eliminated is irradiated with oxygen GCIB in an atmosphere of acetic acid gas, but the inclination on the side surface of the pillar structure 49 is eliminated.
- the upper layer film than the hard mask 44 and the MTJ element 45 may be removed, and the pillar structure 49 may be irradiated with oxygen GCIB in an atmosphere of acetic acid gas.
- the pillar structure 49 in which the side surface is inclined and the damage layer 48 is formed on the side surface, or the pillar structure in which the polymer layer 47 and the damage layer 48 are formed on the side surface. 49 may be obtained, but by irradiating the pillar structure 49 with oxygen GCIB in an atmosphere of acetic acid gas, the inclination of the side surface is eliminated and the damage layer 48 formed on the side surface is removed, or The polymer layer 47 and the damage layer 48 formed on the side surfaces can be removed simultaneously.
- An object of the present invention is to supply a computer, for example, the control unit 21 with a storage medium that records software program codes for realizing the functions of the above-described embodiments, and the CPU of the control unit 21 is stored in the storage medium. It is also achieved by reading and executing the program code.
- the program code itself read from the storage medium realizes the functions of the above-described embodiments, and the program code and the storage medium storing the program code constitute the present invention.
- Examples of the storage medium for supplying the program code include RAM, NV-RAM, floppy (registered trademark) disk, hard disk, magneto-optical disk, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD (DVD). -ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, DVD + RW) and other optical disks, magnetic tapes, non-volatile memory cards, other ROMs, etc., as long as they can store the program code.
- the program code may be supplied to the control unit 21 by downloading from another computer or database (not shown) connected to the Internet, a commercial network, a local area network, or the like.
- the program code read from the storage medium is written in the memory provided in the function expansion board inserted in the control unit 21 or the function expansion unit connected to the control unit 21, the program code is read based on the instruction of the program code.
- the CPU of the function expansion board or function expansion unit performs part or all of the actual processing, and the functions of the above-described embodiments are realized by the processing.
- the form of the program code may be in the form of object code, program code executed by an interpreter, script data supplied to the OS, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
[図2]図1におけるトリミングモジュールの構成を概略的に示す断面図である。
[図3]図2におけるGCIB照射装置の構成を概略的に示す断面図である。
[図4A乃至図4C]MTJ素子を含む積層構造において側面が傾斜する過程を説明するための図である。
[図5A乃至図5C]本発明の第1の実施の形態に係る半導体デバイスの製造方法を示す工程図である。
[図6A乃至図6C]MTJ素子を含む積層構造において側面にポリマー層が形成される過程を説明するための図である。
[図7A乃至図7C]本発明の第2の実施の形態に係る半導体デバイスの製造方法を示す工程図である。
[図8A乃至図8C]MTJ素子を含む積層構造において側面にダメージ層が形成される過程を説明するための図である。
[図9A乃至図9C]本発明の第3の実施の形態に係る半導体デバイスの製造方法を示す工程図である。
[図10]階段状に形成されたMTJ素子の構成を概略的に示す断面図である。
[図11]酸素のGCIBを照射した場合におけるMgO膜及びCoFeB膜のエッチング量を示すグラフである。
[図12A乃至図12F]本発明の第4の実施の形態に係る半導体デバイスの製造方法を示す工程図である。
[図13A及び図13B]MTJ素子を有するMRAMの製造過程を説明するための工程図である。
10 半導体デバイス製造装置
11 エッチングモジュール
12 トリミングモジュール
13 成膜モジュール
26 GCIB照射装置
37 酸素ガスクラスター
38 MgO膜
39 レファレンス層(CoFeB膜)
40 フリー層(CoFeB膜)
44 ハードマスク
45 MTJ素子
Claims (17)
- 少なくともMTJ素子及び金属層を含み、前記MTJ素子は、第1の強磁性膜、絶縁膜及び第2の強磁性膜がこの順で積層されて構成される積層構造を有する半導体デバイスの製造方法であって、
前記積層構造をイオンミリング又はプラズマエッチングによってエッチングする第1の加工ステップと、
前記第1の加工ステップの後に、前記積層構造へGCIB(ガスクラスターイオンビーム)を照射する第2の加工ステップとを有し、
前記第2の加工ステップでは、前記積層構造の周りに酢酸ガスを供給するとともに、前記積層構造へ酸素のGCIBが照射されることを特徴とする製造方法。 - 前記第2の加工ステップでは、前記MTJ素子へ向けて酢酸ガスを供給するとともに、酸素のGCIBが照射されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記積層構造上にはマスク膜が形成され、
前記第1の加工ステップでは、前記プラズマエッチングによって前記マスク膜が縮小することを特徴とする請求項1記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。 - 前記第1の加工ステップでは、前記積層構造の側面が傾斜することを特徴とする請求項2記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記積層構造上にはマスク膜が形成され、
前記第1の加工ステップでは、前記プラズマエッチングによる前記マスク膜の縮小が抑制されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。 - 前記第1の加工ステップでは、前記積層構造の側面にポリマー層が形成されることを特徴とする請求項5記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記積層構造上にはマスク膜が形成され、
前記第1の加工ステップでは、前記イオンミリングによって前記積層構造をエッチングすることを特徴とする請求項1記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。 - 前記第2の加工ステップでは、前記積層構造の側面へ向けて酢酸ガスを供給するとともに、前記酸素のGCIBを照射することを特徴とする請求項7記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記第2の加工ステップにおいて、前記酸素のGCIBを生成する際における前記酸素のクラスターを加速する加速電圧は10kV以下であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項に記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記第2の加工ステップの後、前記積層構造の露出面を窒化膜で覆うことを特徴とする請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項に記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記第2の加工ステップの後に、前記積層構造上に形成された前記マスク膜を除去して前記MTJ素子を露出させた後、前記第2の強磁性膜を部分的に覆う他のマスク膜を形成し、前記積層構造へ向けて酢酸ガスを供給するとともに、前記積層構造へ向けて酸素のGCIBを照射する第3の加工ステップをさらに有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至10のいずれか1項に記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記第3の加工ステップでは、前記MTJ素子が階段状に成形されることを特徴とする請求項11記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記第3の加工ステップにおいて、前記絶縁膜に対する前記第2の強磁性膜の選択比は3倍以上であることを特徴とする請求項11又は12記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記階段状に成形されたMTJ素子をSiN膜で覆い、さらに該SiN膜を異方性エッチングで除去する第4の加工ステップをさらに有することを特徴とする請求項11乃至13のいずれか1項に記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記第4の加工ステップにおいて残存する前記SiN膜をマスクとして、前記絶縁膜及び前記第1の強磁性膜を異方性エッチングで除去する第5の加工ステップをさらに有することを特徴とする請求項14記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
- 少なくともMTJ素子及び金属層を含む積層構造を有する半導体デバイスの製造装置であって、
前記積層構造をイオンミリング又はプラズマエッチングによってエッチングする第1の加工ユニットと、
前記エッチングされた積層構造へGCIB(ガスクラスターイオンビーム)を照射する第2の加工ユニットとを備え、
前記第2の加工ユニットでは、前記積層構造の周りに酢酸ガスを供給するとともに、前記積層構造へ酸素のGCIBが照射されることを特徴とする製造装置。 - 前記積層構造には前記GCIBが照射されて露出面が生じ、
前記積層構造の露出面を窒化膜で覆う成膜ユニットをさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項16記載の半導体デバイスの製造装置。
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CN108232007A (zh) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-29 | 上海磁宇信息科技有限公司 | 一种气体团簇离子束修剪被刻蚀后的磁性隧道结的方法 |
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KR20160132389A (ko) | 2016-11-18 |
JP6132791B2 (ja) | 2017-05-24 |
JP2015173231A (ja) | 2015-10-01 |
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