WO2015136818A1 - 内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置及びこのピストン製造方法 - Google Patents
内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置及びこのピストン製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015136818A1 WO2015136818A1 PCT/JP2014/084266 JP2014084266W WO2015136818A1 WO 2015136818 A1 WO2015136818 A1 WO 2015136818A1 JP 2014084266 W JP2014084266 W JP 2014084266W WO 2015136818 A1 WO2015136818 A1 WO 2015136818A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- holding
- manufacturing
- wear
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/28—Other pistons with specially-shaped head
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/24—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor
- B22D15/02—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor of cylinders, pistons, bearing shells or like thin-walled objects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/002—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure using movable moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
- B22D17/24—Accessories for locating and holding cores or inserts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
- F16J1/001—One-piece pistons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
- F16J9/12—Details
- F16J9/22—Rings for preventing wear of grooves or like seatings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F2003/0007—Monolithic pistons; One piece constructions; Casting of pistons
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine piston manufacturing apparatus formed by casting and a piston manufacturing method using the manufacturing apparatus.
- the piston base material is formed of an aluminum alloy material in order to reduce the weight, but the combustion pressure applied to the crown portion at the upper end of the piston is high. For this reason, if a piston ring groove is formed on the outer periphery of the crown portion like a gasoline engine and a piston ring is directly provided there, the piston ring groove may be damaged. For this reason, a cast-iron wear-resistant ring is embedded in the crown portion, and a piston ring groove is formed on the outer periphery of the high-strength wear-resistant ring.
- Patent Document 1 As a manufacturing apparatus of the piston provided with the above-mentioned wear-resistant ring, there is one described in Patent Document 1 below. Briefly, it comprises a lower mold having a cavity for piston molding inside, and an upper mold for opening and closing the cavity opening of the lower mold, and the upper mold has a diameter of the wear-resistant ring. While one holding pin is provided to be held from the outside in the direction, a holding hole into which the tip end portion of the holding pin is inserted and locked is formed in the flange portion provided on the outer peripheral portion of the wear-resistant ring. Further, the wear-resistant ring is positioned in the radial direction by three positioning pins that extend downward on the upper mold in the same manner as the holding pins.
- the wear-resistant ring is held by inserting and locking one holding pin provided in the upper mold into the holding hole of the wear-resistant ring. Therefore, when the accuracy of the outer diameter of the holding pin or the inner diameter of the holding hole is lowered, the wear-resistant ring may be tilted around the holding pin or may be dropped due to poor locking. Yes, causing instability of retention.
- the present invention has been devised in view of the technical problem of the conventional piston manufacturing apparatus, and can manufacture a piston capable of reliably holding a wear-resistant ring regardless of the accuracy of the outer diameter of the holding pin.
- An apparatus and a manufacturing method thereof are provided.
- a cavity for forming a piston is formed inside, a main mold having an opening at the end of the cavity, and the opening of the cavity can be opened and closed.
- a movable mold, and a plurality of holding pins provided so that a tip portion protruding from the movable mold is inserted and arranged in the cavity so as to hold the wear-resistant ring,
- At least one of the plurality of holding pins is provided so as to be rotatable about an axis with respect to the movable mold, and a holding portion that holds the tip end portion in contact with the wear-resistant ring according to a rotation position. It is characterized by being formed.
- the wear-resistant ring is held only by rotating the holding pin supported by the movable mold by a predetermined angle, the wear-resistant ring is surely secured regardless of the accuracy of the outer diameter of the holding pin. It becomes possible to hold on. Therefore, stable holding properties can be obtained by the holding pins.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 10 showing a state in which the wear-resistant ring is held by a holding mechanism provided in the present embodiment. It is a bottom view which shows the state which hold
- A is a perspective view of a main part of a holding pin used in the present embodiment, and B is a bottom view of the holding pin.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.
- FIG. 13 showing a state in which the wear-resistant ring is held by the holding mechanism provided for the second embodiment of the present invention. It is a bottom view which shows the state which hold
- A is a perspective view of a main part of a holding pin used in the present embodiment, and B is a bottom view of the holding pin.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 16 showing a state in which the wear-resistant ring is held by the holding mechanism provided for the third embodiment of the present invention. It is a bottom view which shows the state which hold
- A is a perspective view of a main part of a holding pin used in the present embodiment, and B is a bottom view of the holding pin.
- the piston 1 as a whole is integrally cast with an AC8A Al—Si aluminum alloy as a base material, and is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. 1 to define a combustion chamber on the crown surface 2a.
- a crown portion 2 a pair of arc-shaped thrust side skirt portions and anti-thrust side skirt portions 3 integrally provided on the outer peripheral edge of the lower end of the crown portion 2, and each circumferential end of each skirt portion 3.
- the apron portion 4 is integrally formed with a pin boss portion 4a that supports both end portions of a piston pin (not shown).
- the crown portion 2 has a disk shape formed with a relatively large thickness, and is formed with a concave portion having an approximately M-shaped cross section constituting a combustion chamber on the crown surface 2a, and is taken out from a casting mold to be described later.
- a projection not shown in the figure which is formed in a large diameter and is formed with a hot water on the crown surface 2a, is integrally provided.
- This protrusion and large-diameter outer periphery are subsequently machined and ground according to standards to form piston ring grooves that hold three piston rings such as pressure rings and oil rings on the outer peripheral surface. It has become so.
- a wear-resistant ring 5 is embedded in the crown 2, and an annular cavity 6 for circulating cooling oil is formed on the inner peripheral side of the wear-resistant ring 5.
- the wear-resistant ring 5 is for forming a piston ring groove for holding the pressure ring on the uppermost side after the outer peripheral portion of the crown portion 2 is polished, and is formed integrally with an annular ring by Ni-resist cast iron. ing.
- the annular cavity 6 is arranged coaxially with the wear resistant ring 5 and the central axis X of the piston 1, and has a predetermined gap width length from the inner peripheral surface of the wear resistant ring 5 to the radially inner side. They are arranged with a distance (distance) and are arranged on the inner side of the inner peripheral surface of the wear-resistant ring 5.
- the cooling oil inside the wear-resistant ring 5 and the annular cavity 6 is as close as possible to the inner upper end of the crown 2 close to the combustion chamber in order to absorb the high heat of the combustion chamber and efficiently exchange heat with the outside. It is desirable to approach closely.
- the casting apparatus is configured as shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, is fixed to a base outside the figure, and has a lower mold 10 that is a main mold having a projection 15 as a core in the center, An upper mold 11 that is a movable mold provided in a position above the lower mold 10 so as to be movable up and down, a holding mechanism 12 that holds the wear ring 5 while interlocking with the upper mold 11, and the upper mold It mainly comprises a mold 11 and a control unit (not shown) which is a control mechanism for controlling the vertical movement and movable timing of the holding mechanism 12.
- the lower mold 10 is composed of a plurality of mold members whose protrusions 15 can be disassembled in a predetermined direction, and a piston molding cavity 13 is formed at the center of the inside, and a substantially L-shaped cross section at the inner side.
- a pouring gate 14 having a shape is formed.
- the cavity 13 is separated by a partition wall portion 10a on the outer peripheral side, a substantially cylindrical protrusion 15 that forms the inside of the piston 1 while forming the skirt portion 3 and apron portion 4 of the piston 1 at the center of the lower portion.
- the crown portion 2 of the piston 1 is configured to be on the upper side in the gravity direction at the time of casting through the protrusion 15.
- a plurality of support protrusions 16 are provided on the outer periphery of the upper end of the protrusion 15 so as to protrude substantially perpendicularly, and an elliptical cross section for forming the annular cavity 6 at the upper end of each support protrusion 16.
- a shaped salt core 17 is fixedly supported in the cavity 13 in advance.
- the upper mold 11 is supported by a movable mechanism 18 so as to open and close the upper end opening 13a of the cavity 13 from above, and the lower part 11a is formed into a shape that molds the crown surface 2a of the piston crown 2 and a recess.
- the movable mechanism 18 is constituted by, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, and includes a cylinder 18a fixed to a suspension base (not shown), and a piston rod 18b that expands and contracts (moves up and down) via a piston in the cylinder 18a.
- the upper center of the upper mold 11 is fixed to the tip of the piston rod 18b.
- the holding mechanism 12 includes three holding pins 19, 20, and 21 rotatably supported by the upper mold 11 and the holding pins 19 to 21 in forward and reverse directions. And a rotation drive unit (not shown) for synchronously rotating around the axis by a predetermined angle.
- Each of the holding pins 19 to 21 is formed in a vertically long rod shape having a circular cross section and is formed to penetrate in the vertical direction at an angular position of approximately 120 ° in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side of the upper mold 11.
- the three support holes 11a, 11b, and 11c are disposed so as to penetrate in the vertical direction, and the movement in the vertical direction is restricted by the rotation driving unit.
- each of the front end portions 22 to 24 which are holding portions protruding downward (toward the cavity) from the support holes 11a to 11c has outer peripheral surfaces 22a to 24a formed into tapered tapered surfaces, and The front end side is formed in a half shape along the axial direction.
- each of the tip portions 22 to 24 is formed by the cutout portions 25a to 25c in the horizontal radial direction from the rectangular holding surfaces 22c to 24c along the axial direction on the tip side and the upper end edges of the holding surfaces 22c to 24c. Stepped surfaces 22d to 24d are formed along.
- the holding surfaces 22c to 24c are formed in a flat rectangular shape, while the stepped surfaces 22d to 24d are formed in a substantially semicircular shape. 9 and 10, the holding surfaces 22c to 24c are positioned slightly outside the outer peripheral surface 5a of the wear-resistant ring 5 in a state where the support holes 11a to 11c are inserted and supported. On the other hand, the step surfaces 22d to 24d are opposed to the upper surface of the wear-resistant ring 5 with a small gap. That is, the diameter length D of the circular arc path P connecting the holding surfaces 22c to 24c in the open state with respect to the wear-resistant ring 5 is slightly larger than the diameter length D1 of the outer peripheral surface 5a of the wear-resistant ring 5. Is set to
- the holding pins 19 to 21 are always supported by the support holes 11a to 11c of the upper mold 11.
- the rotational drive unit includes an electric motor, a speed reducer that reduces the rotational speed of the electric motor, and a rotational force reduced by the speed reducer via the upper end portions 19a to 21a to the holding pins 19 to 21. It is composed of a transmission section and the like for transmission.
- the control unit controls opening / closing of a solenoid valve (not shown) provided in the hydraulic circuit of the movable mechanism 18 to control supply / discharge of hydraulic pressure into the cylinder 18a, thereby extending and retracting the piston rod 18b. Accordingly, the vertical movement position of the upper mold 11 is controlled. At this time, the timing of the downward movement timing of the upper mold 11 is controlled via the piston rod 18b according to the injection amount of the molten metal Q into the cavity 13. Further, a control current is output to the electric motor of the holding mechanism 12 to control the rotation angle of the holding pins 19 to 21 in the same direction and with the same rotational torque.
- the wear-resistant ring 5 is first placed on the base 26 in advance before being held by the holding mechanism 12 in advance. It is held in place.
- the upper mold 11 located above the wear-resistant ring 5 is moved downward by the movable mechanism 18 and the holding surfaces 22c to 24c are positioned so as to face the outer peripheral surface 5a of the wear-resistant ring 5 with a predetermined gap. Deploy. Thereafter, when the holding pins 19 to 21 are synchronously rotated in the direction of the arrows in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 by the rotation driving unit, the one end edges 22e to 24e of the holding surfaces 22c to 24c are The surface 5a is pressed with a predetermined rotational torque. As a result, the wear-resistant ring 5 is securely held at the three points of the one end edges 22e to 24e.
- the salt core 17 is fixedly supported on the upper end portions of the support protrusions 16 in the cavity 13 (first step, salt core fixing step).
- the salt core 17 is preheated to a temperature of about 720 ° C. in advance.
- the wear-resistant ring 5 was previously taken out by being immersed in a molten AC3A alumina at a temperature of 760 ° C. for 10 minutes, and an AC3A surface treatment layer was formed on the entire surface.
- the wear-resistant ring 5 is held by the three holding pins 19 to 21 of the upper mold 11 by the method described above, and is positioned at an upper position of the lower mold 10 (second process, holding process).
- the fact that the high-purity AC3A alumina surface layer is formed in advance on the wear-resistant ring 5 improves the adhesion between the injected molten metal Q and the wear-resistant ring 5 because of its good reaction with iron. Because it can.
- the wear-resistant ring 5 is held in advance by the holding mechanism 12 by the above-described method, and in this state, the upper mold 11 is lowered to a predetermined position by the movable mechanism 18 as shown in FIG. Then, mold clamping is performed (third process, mold clamping process). Thus, the opening 13 a of the cavity 13 is sealed, and the wear-resistant ring 5 is disposed at a predetermined position above the salt core 17.
- a melt Q of AC8A (aluminum alloy) at about 720 ° C. is injected into the cavity 13 from the funnel-shaped opening end 14 a of the pouring port 14, and It is poured until the entire wear-resistant ring 5 is immersed, and the pouring is finished when the molten metal Q is filled in the cavity 13.
- the wear-resistant ring 5 is coupled to the piston base material (fourth process, coupling process).
- the upper mold 11 is moved upward by the movable mechanism 18 and released from the lower mold 10 (fifth process, mold release process).
- each mold member of the lower mold 10 is disassembled and the piston base material 1 ′ is taken out from the cavity 13 (sixth step, take-out step).
- the piston base material 1 ′ is molded into a predetermined shape by machining such as grinding or polishing, and water is injected into the salt core 17 to melt the salt core 17.
- the annular cavity 6 shown in FIG. 1 is formed (seventh step).
- the casting operation of the piston base material 1 ′ is completed by these series of work steps. Thereafter, the outer shape of the piston base material 1 ′ is ground and polished to form a piston ring groove on the outer periphery of the wear-resistant ring 5. Finish.
- the wear-resistant ring 5 before being accommodated in the cavity 13 can be reliably and firmly held by rotating the three holding pins 19 to 21 of the holding mechanism. For this reason, since the stable holding
- the three holding pins 19 to 21 are disposed at 120 ° positions in the circumferential direction of the upper mold 11 through the support holes 11a to 11c.
- the wear ring 5 is automatically positioned in the radial direction. Accordingly, there is no need to provide a separate radial positioning mechanism, so that an increase in the cost of the casting (manufacturing) apparatus is suppressed.
- the holding mechanism 12 for holding the wear-resistant ring 5 has a simple structure mainly using only the three holding pins 19 to 21 supported by the upper mold 11. Therefore, the manufacturing of the holding mechanism 12 is performed. Work is easy.
- the holding mechanism 12 is simply provided in the upper mold 11 and no means is provided in the lower mold 10, so that the apparatus can be simplified in this respect as well.
- the wear-resistant ring 5 is held in the upper mold 11 and the salt core 17 that is difficult to support is disposed and fixed in the cavity 13 in advance, the casting work efficiency is improved.
- the wear-resistant ring 5 can be stably held by the holding mechanism 12, when the molten metal Q is injected into the cavity 13, the occurrence of the inclination of the wear-resistant ring 5 is suppressed, so Is improved, and the occurrence of poor hot water and hot water boundaries is suppressed.
- the wear-resistant ring 5 is held at the time of releasing the upper mold 11 shown in FIG.
- the holding pins 19 to 21 are lifted together while releasing the holding, the respective tapered outer peripheral surfaces 22a to 24a of the tip portions 22 to 24 can be easily pulled out from the solidified melt Q. it can. Therefore, the casting work efficiency can be improved.
- 12 to 14 show a holding mechanism 12 used in the manufacturing apparatus of the second embodiment.
- the upper mold 11 is the same as that of the first embodiment, but the three holding pins 19 of the holding mechanism 12 are used.
- the structures of the tip portions 22 to 24 of ⁇ 21 are different.
- the outer peripheral surfaces 32a to 34a of the tip portions 32 to 34 are formed as tapered surfaces with a tapered tip, and the cross-sectional shape of the holding pins 19 to 21 is an elliptical shape. Is formed.
- the elliptical cross sections of the outer peripheral surfaces 32a to 34a of the tip portions 32 to 34 are formed so as to extend along the radial direction about the axis Y of the holding pins 19 to 21. Accordingly, the one side surface 32c to 34c and the other side surface 32d to 34d of each of the outer peripheral surfaces 32a to 34a are each formed in an arcuate symmetrical shape.
- the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, such as rotating the holding pins 19 to 21 by a control unit.
- the upper die 11 placed on the base 26 and positioned above the wear-resistant ring 5 is moved downward by the movable mechanism 18. Then, for example, one side surfaces 32c to 34c of the outer peripheral surfaces 32a to 34a of the tip portions 32 to 34 are positioned and arranged so as to face the outer peripheral surface 5a of the wear-resistant ring 5 with a predetermined gap. Thereafter, when the holding pins 19 to 21 are synchronously rotated in the direction of the arrows in FIGS. 12 and 13 by the rotation drive unit, each one end surface of each one side surface 32c to 34c is the outer peripheral surface 5a of the wear resistant ring 5.
- the wear-resistant ring 5 is securely held at three points on each end surface of each one side surface 32c to 34c.
- the wear-resistant ring 5 is also disposed at a predetermined position above the lower mold 10 or the base 26 is removed.
- the upper mold 11 and the wear-resistant ring 5 are arranged at a predetermined position above the lower mold 10.
- the upper die 11 is lowered by the movable mechanism 18 and is held in a predetermined position while being positioned in the vertical direction in the cavity 13 and used for casting. 1 'will be cast.
- this embodiment can obtain the same effects as those of the first embodiment, such as the reliable and stable holding of the holding mechanism 12 with respect to the wear resistant ring 5.
- [Third Embodiment] 15 to 17 show the holding mechanism 12 used in the manufacturing apparatus of the third embodiment, and the structures of the tip portions 42 to 44 of the three holding pins 19 to 21 are different.
- the outer peripheral surfaces 42a to 44a of the respective tip portions 42 to 44 are formed as tapered surfaces with a tapered tip, and the cross-sectional shape is formed into an elliptical shape in the second embodiment.
- the axis Z of each of the tip portions 42 to 44 is eccentric in the radial direction from the axis Y of the main body of the holding pins 19 to 21.
- the elliptical cross sections of the outer peripheral surfaces 42a to 44a of the tip portions 42 to 44 are formed so as to extend along the radial direction about the eccentric axis Z.
- the one side surfaces 42c to 44c and the other side surfaces 42d to 44d of the respective outer peripheral surfaces 42a to 44a are formed in a circularly symmetrical shape, and the circumferential center positions of the one side surfaces 42c to 44c are
- the holding pins 19 to 21 are formed so as to be positioned on the axis Y.
- the tip end portions 42 to 44 of the holding pins 19 to 21 only have to have an axis Z eccentric in the radial direction with respect to the axis Y of the main body of the holding pins 19 to 21.
- the cross section may be circular. . In this case, since the cross section is circular, the holding pins 19 to 21 can be easily pulled out, and the quality of the holding pins 19 to 21 is improved.
- the upper die 11 has three fixing holes 11d to 11f formed between the support holes 11a to 11c in the circumferential direction, that is, at a position of 120 °.
- three positioning pins 50, 51, and 52 for positioning the wear-resistant ring 5 in the axial direction and the radial direction are press-fitted and fixed in the fixing holes 11d to 11f.
- Each of the positioning pins 50 to 52 has an outer peripheral surface 53a to 55a formed in a tapered shape at the distal end portions 53 to 55, and each inner side surface 53b to 55b extends from each upper end edge to each distal end edge in an arc shape.
- the radius of curvature of each of the inner side surfaces 53b to 55b is substantially the same as the radius of curvature of the outer peripheral surface 5a of the wear-resistant ring 5.
- the diameter D of the arc locus connecting the inner side surfaces 53a to 56c is slightly larger than the diameter D1 of the outer peripheral surface 5a of the wear-resistant ring 5 so that the radial positioning can be performed at three points.
- each positioning pin 50-52 is the same as the holding pin of 1st Embodiment, concrete description is abbreviate
- the holding pins 19 to 21 are rotationally driven by a control unit.
- the upper mold 11 located above the wear-resistant ring 5 placed in advance on the base 26 is moved downward by the movable mechanism 18.
- the inner side surfaces 55b to 55b of the positioning pins 50 to 52 abut against the outer peripheral surface 5a of the wear-resistant ring 5 at a position of 120 ° in the circumferential direction, and each stepped surface is also near the outer peripheral surface 5a of the wear-resistant ring 5. Abuts the outer surface.
- the wear-resistant ring 5 is positioned in the radial direction and the axial direction.
- one side surfaces 42c to 44c of the outer peripheral surfaces 42a to 44a of the respective tip portions 42 to 44 of the holding pins 19 to 21 are arranged to face the outer peripheral surface 5a of the wear-resistant ring 5 with a predetermined gap.
- the upper die 11 is lowered by the movable mechanism 18 and is held in a predetermined position while being positioned in the vertical direction in the cavity 13 and used for casting. 1 'will be cast.
- this embodiment also provides the same operational effects as those of the above-described embodiments, such as the reliable and stable holding of the holding mechanism 12 with respect to the wear-resistant ring 5.
- the wear-resistant ring 5 is positioned in the radial direction and the axial direction by the three positioning pins 50 to 52, so that the position accuracy of the wear-resistant ring 5 is improved and the holding pins 42 are arranged. As a result, it is possible to obtain a better holding property according to ⁇ 44 and to obtain a more stable position holding state in the cavity 13.
- the holding pin is configured by two pieces, and is held by the two holding pins while being positioned using the three positioning pins. It is also possible.
- the shape of the tip of the holding pin can be made a different shape, for example, it can be formed into a square cross section or a triangle cross section.
- the structure of the upper and lower molds 10 and 11 can be freely changed according to the specifications and size of the piston 1.
- the piston 1 can be applied not only to the diesel engine but also to the piston of a gasoline engine.
Abstract
Description
前記複数の保持ピンのうち少なくとも一つは、前記可動金型に対して軸周りに回転可能に設けられていると共に、前記先端部に、回転位置によって前記耐摩環に当接して保持する保持部が形成されていることを特徴としている。
前記ピストン1は、全体が母材としてAC8A Al-Si系のアルミニウム合金によって一体に鋳造され、図1に示すように、ほぼ円筒状に形成されて、冠面2a上に燃焼室を画成する冠部2と、該冠部2の下端外周縁に一体に設けられた円弧状の一対のスラスト側スカート部及び反スラスト側スカート3と、該各スカート部3の円周方向の両側端に各連結部位を介して連結された一対のエプロン部4と、を備えている。なお、このエプロン部4には、図外のピストンピンの両端部を支持するピンボス部4aが一体に形成されている。
そして、各保持ピン19~21が上金型11の各支持孔11a~11cに挿通支持されている状態では、図9及び図10に示すように、前記各保持面22c~24cは、前記耐摩環5の外周面5aよりも僅かに外側に位置するように位置決めされるようになっている一方、前記段差面22d~24dは、前記耐摩環5の上面に微小な隙間をもって対峙している。つまり、耐摩環5に対して開いた状態での前記各保持面22c~24cを結ぶ円弧軌跡Pの直径長さDは耐摩環5の外周面5aの直径長さD1よりも僅かに大きくなるように設定されている。
〔ピストンの製造工程〕
次に、前記鋳造装置を用いてピストン1を製造(鋳造)する工程手順について説明する。なお、この鋳造装置での鋳造法としては、いわゆるグラビティフィールド法が採られている。
〔第2実施形態〕
図12~図14は第2実施形態の製造装置に供される保持機構12を示し、上金型11は第1実施形態のものと同じであるが、保持機構12の3本の保持ピン19~21の先端部22~24の構造が異なっている。
〔第3実施形態〕
図15~図17は第3実施形態の製造装置に供される保持機構12を示し、3本の保持ピン19~21の先端部42~44の構造が異なっている。
Claims (15)
- 冠部にピストンリング溝形成用の耐摩環が埋設されている内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置であって、
内部にピストン形成用のキャビティが形成されていると共に、開口部を有する主金型と、
前記キャビティの開口部を開閉可能に可動する可動金型と、
前記可動金型から前記キャビティに向けて突出した複数の保持ピンと、
を備え、
前記複数の保持ピンのうち少なくとも一つは、前記可動金型に対して軸周りに回転可能に設けられていると共に、該保持ピンの先端部に、回転角度位置によって前記耐摩環に当接保持する保持部が形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 請求項1に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置であって、
前記保持部は横断面形状が非真円形状に形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 請求項2に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置であって、
前記保持部は、先端縁に向かって横断面積が漸次小さくなるようにテーパ状に形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 請求項3に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置であって、
前記保持ピンは、前記可動金型の内部に回転可能に支持された主ピン部と、該主ピン部の先端部に一体に設けられた前記保持部と、を有し、
前記主ピン部と保持部を一緒に軸周方向へ所定角度回転駆動させる回転機構を有すると共に、前記保持部は、主ピン部との境界部付近に段差部が切欠形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 請求項4に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置であって、
前記保持部は、前記主ピン部側から先端に掛けて先端先細り状に形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 請求項4に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置であって、
前記主ピン部と保持部の間の前記段差部は平面状に形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 請求項2に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置であって、
前記保持部は、横断面形状が半円形状に形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 請求項2に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置であって、
前記保持部は、横断面形状が楕円形状に形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 請求項2に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置であって、
前記複数の保持ピンは、全てが回転可能に設けられていると共に、前記耐摩環を保持する際には、全ての保持ピンを同期回転させることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 請求項1に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置であって、
前記保持部は、軸心が前記保持ピンの回転中心軸から径方向に偏倚して形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 請求項10に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置であって、
前記保持部は、自身の回転中心軸に対して偏倚した横断面円形状に形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 請求項1に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置であって、
前記保持ピンによって耐摩環を保持する際に、該耐摩環を水平に位置決めする位置決め機構を設けたことを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 請求項12に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置であって、
前記位置決め機構は、前記耐摩環の一端面の複数箇所に前記一端面の直角方向から当接する位置決めピンを有することを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 冠部にピストンリング溝形成用の耐摩環が埋設されている内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法であって、
可動金型に回転可能に設けられた複数の保持ピンを所定角度回転させることによって、該各保持ピンの先端部に有する保持部の外縁が前記耐摩環に当接して保持する保持工程と、
前記可動金型に前記保持ピンによって保持された前記耐摩環を、主金型の内部に形成されたピストン形成用のキャビティ内の所定位置に配置した後、前記主金型に可動金型を型締めする工程と、
前記キャビティ内全体に溶湯を注入充填してピストン母材に前記耐摩環を一体的に結合させる工程と、
前記溶湯を冷却して凝固させた後に、前記可動金型を型開きする工程と、
該可動金型の型開き後に、前記耐摩環が結合されたピストン母材を前記キャビティ内から取り出す工程と、
を備えたことを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法。 - 請求項14に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法であって、
前記保持部は、横断面形状が非真円形状に形成されているか、もしくは前記保持ピンの回転中心軸に対して横断面が偏倚して形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法。
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CN201480073559.5A CN105917107B (zh) | 2014-03-13 | 2014-12-25 | 内燃机用活塞的制造装置及该活塞的制造方法 |
US15/125,057 US20170022930A1 (en) | 2014-03-13 | 2014-12-25 | Production Device for Piston for Internal-Combustion Engine, and Production Method Using Production Device for Piston for Internal-Combustion Engine |
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JPS6310042A (ja) * | 1986-06-30 | 1988-01-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 中子セツト装置における位置決め方法とその装置 |
JPH06503273A (ja) * | 1990-12-19 | 1994-04-14 | ティーアンドエヌ テクノロジー リミテッド | ピストンを鋳造する方法および装置 |
JPH09144882A (ja) * | 1995-11-24 | 1997-06-03 | Izumi Ind Ltd | ピストン用耐摩環及びそれを用いたピストン鋳造方法 |
JPH1140656A (ja) * | 1997-07-22 | 1999-02-12 | Dainippon Screen Mfg Co Ltd | 基板回転保持装置および回転式基板処理装置 |
JP2011001889A (ja) * | 2009-06-19 | 2011-01-06 | Hitachi Automotive Systems Ltd | 内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法、このピストン製造装置及びこの製造装置によって製造されたピストン |
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US3380139A (en) * | 1966-04-06 | 1968-04-30 | Alum Alloy Casting Co | Method of making an insert and cast piston combination |
JP2001071118A (ja) * | 1999-09-06 | 2001-03-21 | Mazda Motor Corp | 鋳包み部材並びに該部材の鋳包み方法 |
CN1535358A (zh) * | 2002-02-08 | 2004-10-06 | 株式会社丰田自动织机 | 压缩机用活塞及其制造方法 |
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2014
- 2014-12-25 WO PCT/JP2014/084266 patent/WO2015136818A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-12-25 US US15/125,057 patent/US20170022930A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JPS6310042A (ja) * | 1986-06-30 | 1988-01-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 中子セツト装置における位置決め方法とその装置 |
JPH06503273A (ja) * | 1990-12-19 | 1994-04-14 | ティーアンドエヌ テクノロジー リミテッド | ピストンを鋳造する方法および装置 |
JPH09144882A (ja) * | 1995-11-24 | 1997-06-03 | Izumi Ind Ltd | ピストン用耐摩環及びそれを用いたピストン鋳造方法 |
JPH1140656A (ja) * | 1997-07-22 | 1999-02-12 | Dainippon Screen Mfg Co Ltd | 基板回転保持装置および回転式基板処理装置 |
JP2011001889A (ja) * | 2009-06-19 | 2011-01-06 | Hitachi Automotive Systems Ltd | 内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法、このピストン製造装置及びこの製造装置によって製造されたピストン |
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CN105917107A (zh) | 2016-08-31 |
US20170022930A1 (en) | 2017-01-26 |
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