WO2015135287A1 - 一种led芯片封装体及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种led芯片封装体及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2015135287A1
WO2015135287A1 PCT/CN2014/084503 CN2014084503W WO2015135287A1 WO 2015135287 A1 WO2015135287 A1 WO 2015135287A1 CN 2014084503 W CN2014084503 W CN 2014084503W WO 2015135287 A1 WO2015135287 A1 WO 2015135287A1
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led chip
chip package
chip
conductive
package according
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PCT/CN2014/084503
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English (en)
French (fr)
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庄文荣
陈兴保
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上海亚浦耳照明电器有限公司
孙明
戴坚
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Priority to JP2016574315A priority Critical patent/JP2017509163A/ja
Priority to US14/395,102 priority patent/US20160276318A1/en
Publication of WO2015135287A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015135287A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L25/00Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01L25/03Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
    • H01L25/04Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
    • H01L25/075Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00
    • H01L25/0753Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00 the devices being arranged next to each other
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/483Containers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/50Wavelength conversion elements
    • H01L33/507Wavelength conversion elements the elements being in intimate contact with parts other than the semiconductor body or integrated with parts other than the semiconductor body
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/62Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the semiconductor body, e.g. lead-frames, wire-bonds or solder balls
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/10Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/12Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process
    • H01L2224/14Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process of a plurality of bump connectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/10Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/15Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/16Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process of an individual bump connector
    • H01L2224/161Disposition
    • H01L2224/16151Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
    • H01L2224/16221Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
    • H01L2224/16225Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2933/00Details relating to devices covered by the group H01L33/00 but not provided for in its subgroups
    • H01L2933/0008Processes
    • H01L2933/0033Processes relating to semiconductor body packages
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2933/00Details relating to devices covered by the group H01L33/00 but not provided for in its subgroups
    • H01L2933/0008Processes
    • H01L2933/0033Processes relating to semiconductor body packages
    • H01L2933/0041Processes relating to semiconductor body packages relating to wavelength conversion elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2933/00Details relating to devices covered by the group H01L33/00 but not provided for in its subgroups
    • H01L2933/0008Processes
    • H01L2933/0033Processes relating to semiconductor body packages
    • H01L2933/0066Processes relating to semiconductor body packages relating to arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the semiconductor body

Definitions

  • LED packaging is primarily determined by factors such as chip structure, optoelectronic/mechanical characteristics, specific applications, and cost.
  • LED packaging has experienced a stent type (Lamp LED), SMD (SMD LED), Power LED (Power) LED) and other development stages.
  • SMD SMD LED
  • Power LED Power LED
  • the LED chip is divided into a positive-loading chip and a flip-chip.
  • the flip-chip is a technology that appears after the LEDs enter the technology bottleneck period.
  • the technology of the positive-loading chip improves the light-emitting efficiency of the chip
  • the flip-chip preparation process Complex Complex, technically difficult to implement, correspondingly increase the cost of LEDs.
  • the present invention by using a transparent substrate, directly sputtering a conductive line on a transparent substrate, and directly bonding a fixed LED chip on a conductive line, the use can be achieved.
  • the effect of the chip is mounted, so the invention not only improves the light extraction efficiency of the packaged chip, but also simplifies the process and reduces the cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Led Device Packages (AREA)

Abstract

一种LED芯片封装体及其制备方法,属于LED封装制备技术领域,包括透明基板(5)、LED芯片(1)、导电线(4)等,通过在透明基板上以倒置的方式设置原本用于正装的LED芯片,不但提高了LED芯片的出光率,并且节约了工序。

Description

一种LED芯片封装体及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种LED芯片封装体及其制备方法,属于LED封装制备技术领域。
背景技术
LED(Light-Emitting-Diode中文意思为发光二极管)是一种能够将电能转化为光能的半导体,它改变了白炽灯钨丝发光与节能灯三基色粉发光的原理,而采用电场发光。将LED与普通白炽灯、螺旋节能灯及T5三基色荧光灯进行对比,结果显示:普通白炽灯的光效为12lm/W,寿命小于2000小时,螺旋节能灯的光效为60lm/W,寿命小于8000小时,T5荧光灯则为96lm/W,寿命大约为10000小时。而直径为5毫米的白光LED光效理论上可以超过150lm/W,寿命可大于100000小时。
从逐步淘汰白炽灯路线图新闻发布会上获悉,国家发展改革委、商务部、海关总署、国家工商总局、国家质检总局联合印发了《关于逐步禁止进口和销售普通照明白炽灯的公告》。《公告》决定从2012年10月1日起,按照功率大小分阶段逐步禁止进口和销售普通照明白炽灯。
中国是照明产品的生产和消费大国,节能灯、白炽灯产量均居世界首位,2010年白炽灯产量和国内销量分别为38.5亿只和10.7亿只。据测算,中国照明用电约占全社会用电量的12%左右,采用高效照明产品替代白炽灯,节能减排潜力巨大。逐步淘汰白炽灯,对于促进中国照明电器行业结构优化升级、推动实现“十二五”节能减排目标任务、积极应对全球气候变化具有重要意义。市场迫胁需要我们加速对成熟的LED产品的研制。
技术问题
LED(发光二极管)封装是指发光芯片的封装,相比集成电路封装有较大不同。LED的封装不仅要求能够保护灯芯,而且还要能够透光。所以LED的封装对封装材料有特殊的要求。
LED封装方法、材料、结构和工艺的选择主要由芯片结构、光电/机械特性、具体应用和成本等因素决定。经过40多年的发展,LED封装先后经历了支架式(Lamp LED)、贴片式(SMD LED)、功率型LED(Power LED)等发展阶段。随着芯片功率的增大,特别是固态照明技术发展的需求,对LED封装的光学、热学、电学和机械结构等提出了新的、更高的要求。为了有效地降低封装热阻,提高出光效率,必须采用全新的技术思路来进行封装设计。
大功率LED封装由于结构和工艺复杂,并直接影响到LED的使用性能和寿命,特别是大功率白光LED封装更是研究热点中的热点。LED封装的功能主要包括:1.机械保护,以提高可靠性;2.加强散热,以降低芯片结温,提高LED性能;3.光学控制,提高出光效率,优化光束分布;4.供电管理,包括交流/直流转变,以及电源控制等。但怎么使我们封装后的LED芯片达到最佳效果,一直是行业内不断投入研究的重中之重。
技术解决方案
针对现有技术中存在的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种LED芯片封装体的制备方法,首先为使LED芯片出光不受阻挡,我们选取透明基板作为我们封装LED芯片的基板,为使LED芯片之间及与电源之间电性导通,我们根据所要使用的LED芯片量及LED芯片将要黏贴的位置,在透明基板上溅镀导电线路图,然后在导电线路图上通过锡膏固定LED芯片, LED芯片上的电极通过锡膏直接电性导通性黏贴于透明基板上的导电线路上,使芯片与导电线路电性导通。不但优化了传统的制备工艺,更降低了成本,最后在芯片及透明基板表面涂覆荧光胶,即完成了LED芯片封装体的制备。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种LED芯片封装体的制备方法,其特征在于,包括有以下步骤:
e. 取透明基板;
f. 在透明基板上溅镀带导电线路的导电线路图;
g. 在导电线路图上通过锡膏固定LED芯片,使芯片与导电线路电性导通;
h. 在芯片及透明基板表面涂覆荧光胶。
上述LED芯片封装体的制备方法,所述透明基板包括透明的蓝宝石基板、玻璃基板、陶瓷基板,优选透明玻璃基板,为提高基板的导热效果并且利于导电线路的溅镀附着力本发明中更优选图形化的玻璃基板。
上述LED芯片封装体的制备方法,所述透明的玻璃基板为图形化的透明玻璃基板,以提高基板的导热效果并且利于导电线路的溅镀附着力。
上述LED芯片封装体的制备方法,所述导电线路图材质选自:ITO、铜、金、银、铝,或铜、金、银、铝其中两种或三种或四种的混合物,从导电性能、散热性能及经济性能等考虑本发明更优选铜作为本发明的溅镀于透明基板上的导电线路的材质。
上述LED芯片封装体的制备方法,所述导电线电路图材质为铜,镀好铜电路后加热至200℃,使铜电路表面形成氧化保护膜,以防止后期LED芯片封装体在后续工序及使用过程中随时间及环境等因素的影响,导电线路容易被氧化或腐蚀。
上述LED芯片封装体的制备方法,所述导电线路图在固定芯片处相互断开、互不导通。
上述LED芯片封装体的制备方法,所述导电线路图通过上面固定的芯片实现电性导通,所用芯片为正装芯片。
上述LED芯片封装体的制备方法,用于固定LED芯片的锡膏是先分别在导电线路图上将固定LED芯片电极所对应的位置点锡膏,并且在LED芯片电极上也点上锡膏,并且电极上的锡膏填补P\N电极的高度差,通过使导电线路图、LED芯片电极上的锡膏经回流焊加热使两处锡膏凝聚熔合,以防止LED芯片在黏贴于透明基板过程中LED芯片偏离导电线。
本发明另提供了一种LED芯片封装体,其包括透明基板、溅镀于透明基板上的导电线、以及设置于导电线上的LED芯片,LED芯片的两个电极通过锡膏固定于透明基板并与导电线电性导通,具体地,所述LED芯片倒置于透明基板上,由于LED芯片上N极是通过对芯片蚀刻至N层而制备出来的,所以LED芯片P极与N极不在同一个水平面上,但为使LED芯片能平置于基板上,LED芯片的两电极通过锡膏填补其高度差,并且通过LED芯片电极上的锡膏与透明基板导电线上的锡膏凝聚固定。
上述LED芯片封装体,所述透明基板包括透明的蓝宝石基板、玻璃基板、陶瓷基板。
上述LED芯片封装体,所述透明的玻璃基板为图形化的透明玻璃基板。
上述LED芯片封装体,溅镀于透明基板上的导电线在固定芯片处相互断开、互不导通,优选在芯片处仅芯片电极对应处溅镀了导电线,芯片对应的其他部位均不溅镀导电线,以使芯片出光效率达到最佳。
上述LED芯片封装体,相邻导电线通过之间的芯片实现电性导通。
上述LED芯片封装体,所述LED芯片封装体进一步包括荧光胶层,涂覆于芯片及透明基板表面,以使所述LED芯片封装体出光能通过荧光粉被完全激发。
上述LED芯片封装体,所述LED芯片为正装芯片或倒装芯片,从成本及工艺易于实现角度,更优选选择利用正装芯片。
有益效果
本发明的有益效果为:本发明的LED芯片封装体结构简单,工艺易于实现。且本发明LED芯片封装体结构似于COB封装,但又异于COB封装,区别于COB封装的金属基板,本发明通过利用透明基板实现LED芯片全角度发光,在传统LED封装技术基础上进一步提高了LED芯片的出光效率。区别与COB封装的线路制备,本发明利用在透明基板上直接溅镀导电线,来实现芯片电性导通,并且通过锡膏直接把LED芯片上的电极与导电线固定粘合,不但实现芯片的固定,并且也使芯片实现了电性导通,从而免去了传统工艺中的点金线环节,不但省去了工艺,更节约了成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明单颗芯片LED芯片封装体剖面示意图。
图2为本发明LED芯片封装体部分剖面示意图。
图3为本发明片式LED芯片封装体俯视示意图。
图4为本发明丝状LED芯片封装体俯视示意图。
其中:
1、LED芯片,2、LED芯片电极,3、锡膏,4、导电线,5、透明基板,6、荧光胶。
本发明的最佳实施方式
实施例
LED芯片分正装芯片与倒装芯片,倒装芯片是正装芯片运用于LED等进入技术瓶颈期后出现的技术,其虽然在正装芯片的技术上提高了芯片的出光效率,但是倒装芯片制备工艺复杂,技术上实现难度大,相应增大了LED成本,本发明中通过利用透明基板、在透明基板上直接溅镀导电线,及在导电线上直接黏贴固定LED正装芯片,可达到使用倒装芯片的效果,所以本发明不但提高了正装芯片的出光效率,同时简化了工艺,降低了成本。
为使LED芯片出光不受阻挡,我们选取透明玻璃基板作为我们封装LED芯片的基板,选取LED正装芯片1,为使各LED芯片1之间及与电源之间电性导通,我们根据所要使用的LED芯片量及LED芯片将要黏贴的位置,在透明玻璃基板上溅镀铜质导电线路图,溅镀完铜质导电线路后继续加热至200℃,使铜电路表面形成氧化保护膜后在导电线路图上通过锡膏3固定LED芯片,为防止LED芯片在黏贴于透明基板过程中LED芯片偏离导电线,本发明用于固定LED芯片的锡膏3是先分别在导电线路图上将固定LED芯片电极所对应的位置点锡膏,并且在LED芯片电极上也点上锡膏3,并且电极2上的锡膏填补P\N电极的高度差,通过使导电线路图、LED芯片电极上的锡膏经回流焊加热使两处锡膏凝聚熔合,实现LED芯片与导电线4黏贴固定并能电性导通,最后在芯片及透明基板5表面涂覆荧光胶6,即完成了LED芯片封装体的制备。
上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明创造所作的举例,而并非对本发明创造具体实施方式的限定。为了清楚地说明各部件的组合关系,上面对各种说明性的部件及其连接关系围绕其功能进行了一般地描述,至于这种部件的组合是实现哪种功能,取决于特定的应用和对整个装置所施加的设计约束条件。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所引伸出的任何显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本权利要求的保护范围之中。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种LED芯片封装体的制备方法,其特征在于,包括有以下步骤:
    a. 取透明基板;
    b. 在透明基板上溅镀带导电线路的导电线路图;
    c. 在导电线路图上通过锡膏固定LED芯片,使芯片与导电线路电性导通;
    d. 在芯片及透明基板表面涂覆荧光胶。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述LED芯片封装体的制备方法,其特征在于,所述透明基板包括透明的蓝宝石基板、玻璃基板、陶瓷基板。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述LED芯片封装体的制备方法,其特征在于,所述透明的玻璃基板为图形化的透明玻璃基板。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述LED芯片封装体的制备方法,其特征在于,所述导电线路图材质选自:ITO、铜、金、银、铝,或铜、金、银、铝其中两种或三种或四种的混合物。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述LED芯片封装体的制备方法,其特征在于,所述导电线电路图材质为铜,镀好铜电路后加热至200℃,使铜电路表面形成氧化保护膜。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述LED芯片封装体的制备方法,其特征在于,所述导电线路图在固定芯片处相互断开、互不导通。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述LED芯片封装体的制备方法,其特征在于,所述导电线路图通过上面固定的芯片实现电性导通,所用芯片为正装芯片。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述LED芯片封装体的制备方法,其特征在于,用于固定LED芯片的锡膏是先分别在导电线路图上将固定LED芯片电极所对应的位置点锡膏,并且在LED芯片电极上也点上锡膏,并且电极上的锡膏填补P\N电极的高度差,通过使导电线路图、LED芯片电极上的锡膏经回流焊加热使两处锡膏凝聚熔合。
  9. 一种LED芯片封装体,其特征在于,包括透明基板、溅镀于透明基板上的导电线、以及设置于导电线上的LED芯片,LED芯片的两个电极通过锡膏固定于透明基板并与导电线电性导通。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述LED芯片封装体,其特征在于,所述透明基板包括透明的蓝宝石基板、玻璃基板、陶瓷基板。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述LED芯片封装体,其特征在于,所述透明的玻璃基板为图形化的透明玻璃基板。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述LED芯片封装体,其特征在于,溅镀于透明基板上的导电线在固定芯片处相互断开、互不导通。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述LED芯片封装体,其特征在于,相邻导电线通过之间的芯片实现电性导通。
  14. 根据权利要求9-13任一项所述LED芯片封装体,其特征在于,所述LED芯片封装体进一步包括荧光胶层,涂覆于芯片及透明基板表面。
  15. 根据权利要求9所述LED芯片封装体,其特征在于,所述LED芯片为正装芯片或倒装芯片。
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