WO2015118745A1 - 作業車両の管制システム - Google Patents
作業車両の管制システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015118745A1 WO2015118745A1 PCT/JP2014/080105 JP2014080105W WO2015118745A1 WO 2015118745 A1 WO2015118745 A1 WO 2015118745A1 JP 2014080105 W JP2014080105 W JP 2014080105W WO 2015118745 A1 WO2015118745 A1 WO 2015118745A1
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- travel
- vehicle
- permission request
- block section
- traveling
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 94
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Classifications
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- G05D1/0011—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots associated with a remote control arrangement
- G05D1/0027—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots associated with a remote control arrangement involving a plurality of vehicles, e.g. fleet or convoy travelling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
- B60L15/2009—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking
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- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
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- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0212—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0287—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles involving a plurality of land vehicles, e.g. fleet or convoy travelling
- G05D1/0291—Fleet control
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- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
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- B60L2220/46—Wheel motors, i.e. motor connected to only one wheel
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- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
- B60L2240/12—Speed
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- B60L2240/62—Vehicle position
- B60L2240/622—Vehicle position by satellite navigation
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- B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control system for a work vehicle such as a dump truck used in a mine.
- unmanned vehicles capable of running independently are being introduced as dump trucks used in mines.
- the road on the mine is divided in advance as a plurality of block sections, and when traveling in a predetermined block section among these block sections, Closure control to permit travel to the control center by wireless communication to the control center in front of the block section and to continue travel to the second block section only when travel permission is obtained. Has been done.
- an information management method described in Patent Document 1 is known as a conventional technique related to this type of blocking control.
- the train location information management method described in Patent Literature 1 when a train enters a predetermined predetermined block section, information including the presence / absence of the train track is based on the position information of the block period in the on-board device. Created. The information created by the on-board device is sent from the main ATC device provided in the predetermined block section to the ATC device provided in the front block section, and at the same time provided in the rear block section. An information transmission process of sending to the ATC device is performed.
- this information transmission process is sequentially repeated in each ATC device provided in each block section, and the train line information is held in the ATC device in the adjacent block section, resulting in a partial device failure or power failure.
- the train information in each closed section is securely maintained and the train is operated safely.
- the present invention has been made from the above-described prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a work vehicle control system capable of responding to the traveling position of a closed section.
- the present invention is directed to an in-vehicle controller, a communicable communication unit, a position detection unit that detects a travel position of a vehicle body on which the in-vehicle controller is mounted, and the vehicle body travels.
- a work vehicle comprising: a control unit configured to change a transmission frequency of a travel permission request signal by the permission request unit according to a distance to a predetermined position located in front of the vehicle body or a required time; The transmit and receive predetermined information to and from the work vehicle, and characterized in that it is composed of a control center for performing driving control of these work vehicle.
- the predetermined position located in front of the vehicle body in the first block section is determined.
- the request frequency of the travel permission signal by the permission request unit is changed according to the distance to the position or the required time, it becomes possible to respond to the request for the travel permission signal according to the travel position of the first block section.
- the request for the travel permission signal is made. Can reduce the amount of information transmitted.
- the present invention is the above invention, wherein the work vehicle includes a braking device that brakes the travel of the vehicle body, and the frequency of transmission of the travel permission request signal causes the braking device to brake the travel of the vehicle body. It is characterized in that it is determined according to the braking possible distance until it is stopped.
- the present invention configured as described above receives, for example, a travel permission signal by determining the transmission frequency of the travel permission request signal according to the braking possible distance from the braking device to braking and stopping the traveling of the vehicle body. In the case where it cannot be performed, the vehicle main body can be reliably braked and stopped by the braking device up to a predetermined position in the first closing section.
- the present invention also includes an in-vehicle controller, a travel control unit that controls the travel of the vehicle body on which the in-vehicle controller is mounted, a communicable communication unit, a position detection unit that detects the travel position of the vehicle body, Requesting a travel permission signal for permitting travel in a second closed section located in front of the first closed section when traveling in a predetermined first closed section of the travel path on which the vehicle body travels.
- the travel permission request signal is transmitted through the communication unit, and based on the travel position detected by the position detection unit, when it is determined that the travel is in the first block section, A control unit that changes the travel speed of the vehicle body via the travel control unit in accordance with a distance or a required time to a predetermined position located in front of the vehicle body in the first block section.
- Vehicle and transmits and receives predetermined information to and from a plurality of said working vehicle, and characterized in that it is composed of a control center for performing driving control of the work vehicle.
- the traveling speed of the vehicle body is determined according to the distance to the predetermined position located in front of the vehicle body in the first block section or the required time.
- the traveling speed of the vehicle body is gradually decreased according to the distance to the predetermined position in the first block section or the required time, and the transmission of the travel permission request signal is stopped in response to the reception of the travel permission signal.
- the amount of information transmitted accompanying the request for the travel permission signal can be reduced.
- the present invention is the above invention, wherein the work vehicle includes a braking device that brakes the traveling of the vehicle body, and the change in the traveling speed is performed until the traveling of the vehicle body is braked and stopped by the braking device. It is characterized by being determined according to the braking possible distance.
- a travel permission signal cannot be received by determining a change in travel speed in accordance with a brakeable distance until the braking of the vehicle body is stopped by the braking device.
- the vehicle body can be reliably braked by the braking device to a predetermined position in the first closing section and stopped.
- the present invention provides an in-vehicle controller, a communicable communication unit, a position detection unit that detects a traveling position of a vehicle main body on which the on-vehicle controller is mounted, and a predetermined path among traveling paths on which the vehicle main body travels.
- a travel permission request signal for requesting a travel permission signal for permitting travel in the second block section located in front of the first block section is sent via the communication unit.
- the travel permission request signal that was able to receive the travel permission signal is transmitted based on the travel position detected by the position detection unit and the map information.
- the present invention configured as described above calculates the travel position of the vehicle body when the travel permission request signal that has been able to receive the travel permission signal is transmitted, and transmits the travel permission request signal when traveling at this travel position. I do. For this reason, the travel permission signal can be reliably received, and a response corresponding to the travel position of the block section can be performed. Further, for example, by stopping the transmission of the travel permission request signal in response to the reception of the travel permission signal, the amount of information transmitted accompanying the request for the travel permission signal can be reduced.
- the present invention makes it possible to respond to a request for a travel permission signal according to the travel position of the closed section. Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be made clear from the following description of embodiments.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a mine using a control system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a dump truck 1 used in the control system.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the travel drive device 3 of the dump truck 1.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the relationship between the dump truck 1 and the control center 11.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a closed section defined in the conveyance area A of the dump truck 1.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing communication between the dump truck 1 and the control center 11.
- the dump truck 1 is an unmanned traveling type capable of autonomous traveling in a transport area A or the like that is a traveling path of a mine.
- a loading area B for loading a load such as earth and sand on the dump truck 1 with an excavator 21 or the like
- an unloading area C for unloading the load loaded in the loading area B
- a parking area D for parking the dump truck 1 is provided.
- These areas B to D are connected in the transfer area A.
- a control center 11 that transmits and receives predetermined information to and from the dump truck 1 and performs traveling control such as traveling of the plurality of dump trucks 1 is installed.
- the dump truck 1 includes a vehicle main body 1a, a driver seat 1b provided on the upper front side of the vehicle main body 1a, a cargo bed 1c provided on the vehicle main body 1a so as to be undulated, and a cargo bed 1c.
- a hoist cylinder (not shown) that moves up and down, and left and right front wheels 1d and rear wheels 1e that support the vehicle body 1a so as to travel are provided.
- the dump truck 1 is provided with a traveling drive device 3 as shown in FIG.
- the travel drive device 3 includes an engine 3a, a power generator 3b driven by the engine 3a, a power control device 3c to which power generated by the power generator 3b is supplied, and travel for driving the rear wheels 1e. And a motor 3d.
- the power supplied to the travel motor 3d is controlled by the power control device 3c.
- the power control device 3 c is controlled by the controller 4 mounted on the dump truck 1.
- the controller 4 is provided with a steering motor 3e, which is a steering device for steering the vehicle main body 1a, or a retarder brake, for example, for braking the vehicle main body 1a via the power control device 3c.
- This is a vehicle-mounted controller that controls the driving of the brake device 3f, which is a braking device.
- a GPS device 2a which is a position detection unit for detecting the traveling position of the vehicle body 1a, is attached to the vehicle body 1a at the front corner of the vehicle body 1a.
- the vehicle main body 1a is equipped with an in-vehicle wireless device 2b which is a communicable communication unit for wirelessly transmitting a predetermined signal to the control center 11.
- the controller 4 includes a storage unit 4a in which map information related to the transport area A where the dump truck 1 travels is stored in advance.
- the storage unit 4a stores travel permission section information regarding each of the block sections S1, S2,..., Sn on the transport area A.
- the travel permission section information as shown in FIG. 5, each transport area A is divided into a plurality of permitted sections S1, S2,... From the end points N1, N2,..., Nn of the sections S1, S2,..., Sn, the emergency stop distance ESL can be traced back to be able to brake and stop the travel of the vehicle body 1a by the brake device 3f. , En, which are predetermined positions, are included.
- the travel permitted section information includes the first closed sections S1, S2,... Sn from the end points N1, N2,. -1 is the permission request start points P1, P2,... Pn, etc. that go back as far as the travel permission request distance PRL for obtaining the travel permission for the next second block section S2, S3,. include.
- the controller 4 includes a remaining distance calculation unit 4b that calculates the remaining distance a of the closed sections S1, S2,..., Sn, a calculation unit 4c that is a control unit that calculates an interval for transmitting the travel permission request signal, A permission request unit 4d that outputs a permission request signal, a permission signal acquisition unit 4e that receives the received travel permission signal, and a travel control unit 4f that controls the travel of the vehicle main body 1a are provided.
- the remaining distance calculation unit 4b receives the travel position information of the vehicle main body 1a detected by the GPS device 2a.
- the remaining distance calculation unit 4b refers to the travel permission section information stored in the storage unit 4a for the input travel position information, and from the travel position in the travel position information, for example, a closed section to which the travel position belongs.
- the remaining distance a to the emergency stop point E1 of S1 is calculated.
- the calculation unit 4c receives the remaining distance information calculated by the remaining distance calculation unit 4b.
- the calculation unit 4c is a transmission interval calculation unit that calculates a transmission interval (transmission timing) for transmitting the travel permission request signal based on a request frequency table determined in advance according to the remaining distance a.
- the calculation unit 4c creates a travel permission request signal to be output to the permission request unit 4d.
- the travel permission request signal is used to request travel permission in the next block section S2 located ahead of the travel position detected by the GPS device 2a. In the travel permission request signal, the travel permission of the next block section S2 located in front of the block section S1 is added to the block section information currently traveling in the remaining distance information input from the remaining distance calculation unit 4b.
- the requested permission request information, identification information for identifying the dump truck 1 as a transmission source, and the like are included.
- the request frequency table is set so that the transmission interval is shortened in accordance with the decrease in the remaining distance a from the travel position of each block section S1, S2,..., Sn to the emergency stop points E1, E2,. Has been.
- the request frequency table for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the first transmission is performed when passing through the permission request start point P1, and the remaining distance a is obtained by subtracting the emergency stop distance ESL from the travel permission request distance PRL.
- the predetermined distance (threshold) is halved
- the second transmission is performed, and the remaining distance a is 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, and 32 minutes of the threshold. 1st, 1/64,...,
- the transmission frequency is increased by proportionally shortening the transmission interval according to the decrease. That is, the request frequency table is set with a request frequency for transmitting a travel permission request signal according to the remaining distance a obtained by subtracting the emergency stop distance ESL.
- the permission request unit 4d receives the transmission interval information calculated by the calculation unit 4c and the travel permission request signal information.
- the permission request unit 4d transmits a travel permission request signal in the travel permission request signal information from the in-vehicle wireless device 2b to the control center 11 so as to be a transmission interval in the input transmission interval information. That is, the permission request unit 4d transmits a travel permission request signal for permitting travel in the block section S2 in front of the block section S1 through the in-vehicle wireless device 2b when traveling in the block section S1.
- the permission signal acquisition unit 4e receives a travel permission signal returned from the control center 11 in response to the travel permission request signal transmitted from the permission request unit 4d via the in-vehicle wireless device 2b.
- the permission information acquisition unit 4e determines whether or not the identification information included in the received travel permission signal information is identification information attached to the dump truck 1 itself.
- the permission information acquisition unit 4e stores the received travel permission signal information in the storage unit 4a only when the identification information included in the travel permission signal information is determined as the identification information of itself.
- the calculation unit 4c acquires the travel permission signal information stored in the storage unit 4a, and when the travel permission signal information can be acquired, stops the output of the transmission interval information to the permission request unit 4d, and the in-vehicle wireless device The transmission of the travel permission request signal from the permission request unit 4d via 2b is stopped. Moreover, the calculating part 4c calculates the front block area S2 which obtained the travel permission with the received travel permission signal based on the travel permission signal information and the travel permission section information stored in the storage unit 4a. The travel control unit 4f receives the closed section information calculated by the calculation unit 4c.
- the travel control unit 4f controls the generator 3b, the travel motor 3d, the brake device 3f, the steering motor 3e, and the like via the power control device 3c based on the input block section information, and the block section S2 in which the travel permission is obtained. The travel to the emergency stop point E2 is continued.
- the calculation unit 4c cannot acquire a travel permission signal for permitting travel in the next block section S2 by the permission information acquisition unit 4e during travel from the permission request start point P1 to the emergency stop position E1, and does not acquire travel permission signal information.
- traveling stop information for stopping traveling of the vehicle main body 1a is output to the traveling control unit 4f.
- the travel control unit 4f controls the generator 3b, the travel motor 3d, the brake device 3f, and the like via the power control device 3c based on the input travel stop information, and stops the travel of the vehicle body 1a.
- the control center 11 manages the operation of each dump truck 1 based on the storage unit 12 in which map information of a mine such as the transport area A where each dump truck 1 travels is stored in advance, and the map information stored in the storage unit 12.
- the operation management unit 13 that performs the operation, and the wireless device 14 that transmits the transport information, such as a destination, a travel route, and a travel permitted area, created by the operation management unit 13 to the in-vehicle wireless device 2b of the dump truck 1 are provided. Yes.
- the storage unit 12 stores travel permission section information regarding each of the block sections S1, S2,..., Sn on the transport area A.
- the operation management unit 13 is connected to a vehicle allocation management unit 15 that manages vehicle allocation of the dump truck 1 and a traffic control unit 16 that controls traffic of all vehicles traveling in the mine.
- the operation management unit 13 determines a predetermined operation pattern based on the map information stored in the storage unit 12, the vehicle allocation management information output from the vehicle allocation management unit 15, and the traffic control information output from the traffic control unit 16.
- the operation management of each dump truck 1 or the like is calculated in comparison with the above, and the conveyance information of each dump truck 1 based on this operation management is wirelessly transmitted to each dump truck 1.
- Each dump truck 1 travels independently with the controller 4 controlled by the controller 4 via the travel control unit 4 f based on the conveyance information received from the wireless device 14 of the control center 11.
- the control center 11 responds to the permission request receiving unit 17 that receives the travel permission request signal transmitted from the in-vehicle wireless device 2 b of the dump truck 1 via the wireless device 14 and the travel permission request signal received from the dump truck 1. And a permission signal transmitter 18 for transmitting the travel permission signal from the wireless device 14.
- the permission request receiving unit 17 causes the operation management unit 13 to output the travel permission request signal information received via the wireless device 14.
- the operation management unit 13 calculates the next block section S2 by applying the block section information included in the input travel permission request information with reference to the travel permission section information stored in the storage unit 12, for example.
- the operation management unit 13 confirms the traffic of other vehicles traveling around the block section S2 based on the vehicle allocation management information output from the vehicle allocation management unit 15 and the traffic control information output from the traffic control unit 16. The travel permission of the block section S2 by the dump truck 1 belonging to the identification information in the travel permission request signal is determined.
- the operation management unit 13 creates a travel permission signal to be output to the permission signal transmission unit 18 only when it is determined that the dump truck 1 belonging to the identification information in the travel permission request signal is permitted to travel in the block section S2.
- the travel permission signal includes identification information of the dump truck 1 in the travel permission request signal and travel permission information for permitting travel in the next block section S2.
- the permission signal transmission unit 18 receives the travel permission signal created by the operation management unit 13.
- the permission signal transmission unit 18 transmits the input travel permission signal to the dump truck 1 via the wireless device 14.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a method for requesting permission to run in the dump truck 1.
- the remaining distance calculation unit 4b calculates the travel position of the dump truck 1 (step 1, hereinafter referred to as S1 etc.).
- the remaining distance calculation section 4b refers to the travel permission section information stored in the storage section 4a, and the travel position in the travel position information. From this, the remaining distance a to the emergency stop point E1 of the closed section S1 to which the travel position belongs is calculated. Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the calculated remaining distance a is equal to or less than a predetermined distance (threshold value) obtained by subtracting the emergency stop distance ESL from the travel permission request distance PRL of the block section S1 (S2).
- the remaining distance calculation unit 4b calculates the travel position of the dump truck 1 again (S7), and the calculated travel position is calculated in S6. It is determined whether the transmission point has been reached (S8). If the calculated travel position has not reached the transmission point (S8 / No), the process returns to S7. On the other hand, when the calculated travel position has reached the transmission point (S8 / Yes), the process proceeds to S4, and the travel permission request signal created by the calculation unit 4c is transmitted.
- the dump truck 1 used in the control system according to the first embodiment, when traveling in the predetermined block section S1 in the transport area A, the dump truck 1 has passed the permission request start point P1 of the block section S1. Thereafter, as the remaining distance a from the travel position detected by the GPS device 2a to the emergency stop point E1 becomes shorter, the transmission frequency of the travel permission request signal for requesting the control center 11 to travel in the next block section S2 is set. It is configured to be high.
- the transmission number of the travel permission request signal can be reduced by stopping the transmission of the travel permission request signal for requesting the travel permission in the next block section S2.
- the amount of information transmission associated with transmitting the permission request signal can be reduced. Therefore, since the amount of information transmitted to each dump truck 1 managed in the mine is reduced, problems such as exhaustion of the number of packets that can be used in the wireless bandwidth used for data transmission with each dump truck 1 are eliminated. be able to.
- the number of dump trucks 1 managed in the mine can be increased.
- it becomes possible to transmit a travel permission request signal according to the travel position in each of the closed sections S1, S2,..., Sn it is not possible to obtain a travel permission signal by the emergency stop point E1, and the dump truck The probability of the emergency stop of 1 can be reduced.
- the section for transmitting the travel permission request signal is changed from the permission request start points P1, P2,..., Pn to the emergency stop points E1, E2,. , En, and a section obtained by subtracting the emergency stop distance ESL that can be braked and stopped by the brake device 3f from the travel permission request distance PRL. For this reason, when the travel permission signal cannot be received between the distance request start point P1 and the emergency stop point E1 in the predetermined closed section S1, and the travel of the vehicle main body 1a is stopped when passing through the emergency stop point E1. Even so, the vehicle main body 1a can be reliably stopped until the end point N1 of the closed section S1.
- the dump truck 1 can be stopped at a position before the end point N1, and the dump truck 1 can be reliably prevented from entering the block section S2 where travel permission cannot be obtained. Therefore, the dump truck 1 may be brought into contact with another dump truck 1 or the like, which may be generated when the dump truck 1 enters the block section S2 where the travel permission signal is not transmitted, or when the dump truck 1 enters the damaged transport area A. Damage can be prevented reliably.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing communication between the dump truck 1A and the control center 11 in the control system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment described above in that the first embodiment is configured to provide a travel permission request signal as the remaining distance a in the block sections S1, S2,.
- the second embodiment decreases the traveling speed of the dump truck 1 as the remaining distance a in the closed sections S1, S2,.
- the same or corresponding parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the storage unit 4a passes through the permission request start points P1, P2,..., Pn of each block section S1, S2,. , Tn are stored as travel permission section information obtained by dividing the distance from the emergency stop points E1, E2,.
- the calculation unit 4c applies the remaining distance information output from the remaining distance calculation unit 4b to the travel permission section information stored in the storage unit 4a, for example, and based on the remaining distance a of the traveling block section S1.
- the arrival at the transmission points T1, T2,..., Tn is calculated.
- the calculation unit 4c transmits a travel permission request signal from the permission request unit 4d via the in-vehicle wireless device 2b.
- the calculation unit 4c transmits a travel permission signal by the permission signal acquisition unit 4e, for example, after a predetermined time of about several seconds elapses after transmitting the travel permission request signal from the permission request unit 4d when the predetermined transmission point T1 is reached.
- the generator 3b, the travel motor 3d, the brake device 3f, etc. are controlled via the power control device 3c, and the travel speed of the vehicle body 1a is Decrease by a predetermined ratio. That is, the calculation unit 4c transmits a travel permission request signal every time it reaches the transmission points T1, T2,..., Tn, and every time it cannot receive the travel permission signal for the transmitted travel permission request signal, the vehicle body 1a.
- the traveling speed is continuously reduced at a predetermined rate and decelerated.
- the distances to E1, E2,..., En are divided at equal intervals into transmission points T1, T2,..., Tn, and every time the transmission points T1, T2,.
- a travel permission request signal is transmitted.
- the travel permission signal cannot be received before a predetermined time has elapsed since the travel permission request signal was transmitted when each transmission point T1, T2,..., Tn arrived, the travel speed of the vehicle body 1a is set. The speed is reduced by a predetermined rate.
- the emergency stop distance ESL of each of the closed sections S1, S2,..., Sn can be made smaller, and from the permission request start points P1, P2,. Since the distance to En can be further increased, the possibility of receiving a travel permission signal before the emergency stop points E1, E2,.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a dump truck 1B used in the control system according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the third embodiment differs from the first embodiment described above in that the first embodiment changes the transmission frequency of the travel permission request signal according to the remaining distance a in the block sections S1, S2,.
- the travel permission request signal according to the remaining time until reaching the emergency stop points E1, E2,..., En of the block sections S1, S2,. Change the transmission frequency of.
- the same or corresponding parts as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the dump truck 1B includes a vehicle speed sensor 31 that is a speed detection unit for detecting the traveling speed of the vehicle body 1a, as shown in FIG.
- the vehicle speed information detected by the vehicle speed sensor 31 is input to the calculation unit 4c. Based on the input vehicle speed information and remaining distance information, the calculation unit 4c calculates the time required to reach the emergency stop point E1 in the traveling block section S1 as the remaining time.
- the calculation unit 4c calculates a transmission interval for transmitting the travel permission request signal based on a request frequency table determined in advance according to the remaining time. If the calculation unit 4c cannot receive the travel permission signal until a predetermined time elapses after the travel permission request signal is transmitted until it passes the emergency stop point E1 of the traveling block section S1, the vehicle speed The remaining time is calculated again based on the information and the remaining distance information.
- the request frequency table is set to shorten the transmission interval according to the decrease in the remaining time until reaching the emergency stop points E1, E2,..., En in each of the closed sections S1, S2,. ing.
- the request frequency table performs the first transmission when passing the permission request start point P1, and the remaining time calculated by the calculation unit 4c is 2 with respect to the remaining time when passing the permission request start point.
- the second transmission is performed when it becomes a half, and when the remaining time is halved to 1/4, 1/8, 1/16,. , 4th transmission, 5th transmission,... Are sequentially performed, and the transmission interval is proportionally shortened according to the decrease in the remaining time to increase the transmission frequency.
- the emergency stop points E1, E2,..., En of the respective closed sections S1, S2, are configured to do.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the transmission frequency with respect to the remaining time until the emergency stop point E1 in the block section S1 of the dump truck 1 is reached in the control system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the fourth embodiment differs from the third embodiment described above in that the third embodiment is a travel permission request signal as the remaining time until reaching the emergency stop points E1, E2,.
- the fourth embodiment in the closed sections S1, S2,..., Sn permission request start points P1, P2,. , ..., increase the transmission frequency of the travel permission request signal immediately before En.
- the same or corresponding parts as those in the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the calculation unit 4c calculates a transmission interval for transmitting the travel permission request signal based on a request frequency table that is predetermined according to the calculated remaining time.
- the request frequency table includes permission request start points P1, P2,..., Pn and emergency stop points E1, E2,.
- the transmission interval of En is set high, and intermediate points M1, M2,... Located substantially in the middle from the permission request start points P1, P2,..., Pn to the emergency stop points E1, E2,. .., Mn has the lowest transmission interval, and these permission request start points P1, P2,..., Pn, intermediate points M1, M2,..., Mn and emergency stop points E1, E2,.
- the transmission frequency is gently connected in a parabolic shape.
- the transmission frequency gradually decreases from the permission request start points P1, P2,..., Pn to the intermediate points M1, M2,.
- the transmission frequency is gradually set higher from the intermediate points M1, M2,..., Mn to the emergency stop points E1, E2,.
- the travel permission signal can be acquired immediately after the transmission of the travel permission request signal is started. Since the transmission frequency of the travel permission request signal immediately before the emergency stop points E1, E2,..., En is increased, the emergency stop points E1, E2 can be increased. ,..., Even if the signal transmission / reception status (radio wave condition) in the vicinity of the En is not good, the possibility of acquiring a travel permission signal before the emergency stop points E1, E2,. Probability).
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing communication between the dump truck 1D and the control center 11 in the control system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the fifth embodiment differs from the first embodiment described above in that the first embodiment changes the transmission frequency of the travel permission request signal according to the remaining distance a in the block sections S1, S2,.
- the transmission points R1, R2,..., Rn of the travel permission request signal for which the travel permission signal has been successfully acquired are stored in the storage unit 4a, and the transmission points R1, R2 are changed. ,..., A travel permission request signal is transmitted when passing through Rn again.
- the same or corresponding parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the calculation unit 4c stores the position information in the remaining distance information output from the remaining distance calculation unit 4b and the storage unit 4a when the travel permission signal information can be acquired from the storage unit 4a.
- the calculation unit 4c transmits the transmission points R1, R2,. ..., Sn is determined whether it is a block section S1, S2,.
- the computing unit 4c travels in the closed sections S1, S2,..., Sn storing the transmission points R1, R2,..., Rn, the transmission in the closed sections S1, S2,.
- a traveling permission request signal is transmitted when passing through the points R1, R2,..., Rn.
- ⁇ Effect> As described above, in the dump truck 1D used in the control system according to the fifth embodiment, transmission of a travel permission request signal that can acquire travel permission signal information during traveling in each of the block sections S1, S2,.
- the points R1, R2,..., Rn are stored in the storage unit 4a, and when traveling again in the closed sections S1, S2,..., Sn in which the transmission points R1, R2,.
- the transmission permission request signal is transmitted when passing through the transmission points R1, R2,..., Rn in the block sections S1, S2,. That is, based on the past communication history information, since the travel permission request signal is transmitted at the transmission points R1, R2,..., Rn that have been able to receive the travel permission signal, information transmission accompanying the transmission of the travel permission request signal is performed. The amount can be reduced, and the communication success probability of transmitting the travel permission request signal and receiving the travel permission signal can be improved.
- the unmanned traveling type dump trucks 1 to 1D have been described as examples.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and is a manned traveling type dump truck that can be operated by an operator. There may be.
- the controller is not mounted on the dump truck, and the traveling permission communication method of the control system according to the present invention can be used even for a work vehicle other than the dump truck 1 such as a railway.
- a travel permission request signal is transmitted according to the remaining distance a or the remaining time to the emergency stop points E1, E2,..., En of the respective closed sections S1, S2,.
- the radio wave intensity (communication output) of the travel permission request signal transmitted from the in-vehicle wireless device 2b can be changed.
- the travel permission request distance PRL of each of the closed sections S1, Ss,..., Sn may be equal in each of the dump trucks 1 to 1D operating the mine, depending on the performance of the dump trucks 1 to 1D. May be changed.
- the transmission intervals of the permission request start points P1, P2,..., Pn and the emergency stop points E1, E2, are also good.
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Abstract
Description
本第1実施形態は、作業車両の1例である鉱山用のダンプトラック1が走行する搬送エリアAについて、予め定められた所定の閉そく区間P1を走行している際に、その閉そく区間P1の前方に位置する次の閉そく区間P2の走行許可を求める管制センタ11への走行許可要求の頻度を、閉そく区間P1の走行位置に応じて変化させる実施形態である。
次に、上記第1実施形態に係るダンプトラック1のコントローラ4での走行許可要求方法について、図7を参照して説明する。図7は、ダンプトラック1での走行許可要求方法を示すフローチャートである。
以上により、上記第1実施形態に係る管制システムに用いるダンプトラック1においては、搬送エリアA中の所定の閉そく区間S1を走行しているに際し、この閉そく区間S1の許可要求開始地点P1を通過した後、GPS装置2aにて検出した走行位置から非常停止地点E1までの残距離aが短くなるに連れて、次の閉そく区間S2の走行許可を管制センタ11へ求める走行許可要求信号の送信頻度を高くする構成としている。
図8は、本発明の第2実施形態に係る管制システムでのダンプトラック1Aと管制センタ11との通信を示す説明図である。本第2実施形態が前述した第1実施形態と異なるのは、第1実施形態は、閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Sn中の残距離aが短くなるに連れて走行許可要求信号の送信頻度を高くするのに対し、第2実施形態は、閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Sn中の残距離aが短くなるに連れてダンプトラック1の走行速度を下げる。なお、本第2実施形態において、第1実施形態と同一又は対応する部分には同一符号を付している。
本第2実施形態において、記憶部4aには、図8に示すように、各閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Snの許可要求開始地点P1,P2,・・・,Pnを通過してから非常停止地点E1,E2,・・・,Enを通過するまでの距離を、等間隔に分割した送信地点T1,T2,・・・,Tnが走行許可区間情報として記憶されている。演算部4cは、残距離算出部4bから出力される残距離情報を、記憶部4aに記憶されている走行許可区間情報にあてはめる等して、走行している閉そく区間S1の残距離aに基づき送信地点T1,T2,・・・,Tnへの到達を演算する。演算部4cは、車両本体1aが送信地点T1,T2,・・・,Tnに到達する毎に、車載無線装置2bを介し許可要求部4dから走行許可要求信号を送信する。
以上により、上記第2実施形態に係る管制システムに用いるダンプトラック1Aにおいては、各閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Snの許可要求開始地点P1,P2,・・・,Pnから非常停止地点E1,E2,・・・,Enまでの距離を、等間隔に分割して送信地点T1,T2,・・・,Tnとし、これら送信地点T1,T2,・・・,Tnに到達する毎に走行許可要求信号を送信する。そして、各送信地点T1,T2,・・・,Tnの到達時に走行許可要求信号を送信してから、所定時間が経過するまでに走行許可信号を受信できない場合に、車両本体1aの走行速度を所定の割合ほど低下させて減速させる構成としている。
図9は、本発明の第3実施形態に係る管制システムに用いるダンプトラック1Bを示す概略構成図である。本第3実施形態が前述した第1実施形態と異なるのは、第1実施形態は、閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Sn中の残距離aに応じて走行許可要求信号の送信頻度を変化させるのに対し、第3実施形態は、閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Snの非常停止地点E1,E2,・・・,Enに到達するまでの残り時間に応じて走行許可要求信号の送信頻度を変化させる。なお、本第3実施形態において、第1および第2実施形態と同一又は対応する部分には同一符号を付している。
本第3実施形態において、ダンプトラック1Bは、図9に示すように、車両本体1aの走行速度を検出するための速度検出部である車速センサ31を備えている。演算部4cは、車速センサ31にて検出された車速情報が入力される。演算部4cは、入力される車速情報と残距離情報とに基づいて、走行している閉そく区間S1の非常停止地点E1に到達するまでの所要時間を残り時間として演算する。
以上により、上記第3実施形態に係る管制システムに用いるダンプトラック1Bにおいては、各閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Snの非常停止地点E1,E2,・・・,Enに到達するまでの残り時間の減少に応じて走行許可要求信号を送信する送信間隔を短くし、走行許可要求信号を送信してから所定時間が経過するまでに走行許可信号を受信できない場合に、残り時間を再度演算する構成としている。
図10は、本発明の第4実施形態に係る管制システムでダンプトラック1での閉そく区間S1の非常停止地点E1に到達するまでの残り時間に対する送信頻度を示すグラフである。本第4実施形態が前述した第3実施形態と異なるのは、第3実施形態は、非常停止地点E1,E2,・・・,Enに到達するまでの残り時間が減少するに従い走行許可要求信号の送信頻度を上げるのに対し、第4実施形態は、各閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Snの許可要求開始地点P1,P2,・・・,Pnの直後および非常停止地点E1,E2,・・・,Enの直前での走行許可要求信号の送信頻度を上げる。なお、本第4実施形態において、第1ないし第3実施形態と同一又は対応する部分には同一符号を付している。
本第4実施形態において、演算部4cは、算出した残り時間に応じて予め定められた要求頻度テーブルに基づき、走行許可要求信号を送信する送信間隔を計算する。要求頻度テーブルは、図10に示すように、各閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Snの許可要求開始地点P1,P2,・・・,Pnおよび非常停止地点E1,E2,・・・,Enの送信間隔が高く設定され、許可要求開始地点P1,P2,・・・,Pnから非常停止地点E1,E2,・・・,Enまでの略中間に位置する中間地点M1,M2,・・・,Mnの送信間隔が最も低く、これら許可要求開始地点P1,P2,・・・,Pn、中間地点M1,M2,・・・,Mnおよび非常停止地点E1,E2,・・・,Enがなだらかに放物線状につなげられた送信頻度とされている。すなわち、要求頻度テーブルは、許可要求開始地点P1,P2,・・・,Pnから中間地点M1,M2,・・・,Mnまでに亘って、残り時間の減少に応じて送信頻度が徐々に低く設定され、中間地点M1,M2,・・・,Mnから非常停止地点E1,E2,・・・,Enまでに亘って、残り時間の減少に応じて送信頻度が徐々に高く設定されている。
以上により、上記第4実施形態に係る管制システムに用いるダンプトラック1においては、図10に示すように、各閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Snの許可要求開始地点P1,P2,・・・,Pnおよび非常停止地点E1,E2,・・・,Enの送信間隔を高くし、許可要求開始地点P1,P2,・・・,Pnから中間地点M1,M2,・・・,Mnまでに亘って送信頻度を徐々に低くし、中間地点M1,M2,・・・,Mnから非常停止地点E1,E2,・・・,Enまでに亘って送信頻度を徐々に高くする構成としている。この結果、走行許可信号を取得した場合に走行許可要求信号の送信を停止させることにより、走行許可要求信号の送信に伴う情報送信量を少なくできる。
図11は、本発明の第5実施形態に係る管制システムでのダンプトラック1Dと管制センタ11との通信を示す説明図である。本第5実施形態が前述した第1実施形態と異なるのは、第1実施形態は、閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Sn中の残距離aに応じて走行許可要求信号の送信頻度を変化させるのに対し、第5実施形態は、走行許可信号の取得に成功した走行許可要求信号の送信地点R1,R2,・・・,Rnを記憶部4aに記憶させ、その送信地点R1,R2,・・・,Rnを再度通過する際に走行許可要求信号を送信する。なお、本第5実施形態において、第1実施形態と同一又は対応する部分には同一符号を付している。
本第5実施形態において、演算部4cは、記憶部4aから走行許可信号情報を取得できた場合に、残距離算出部4bから出力される残距離情報中の位置情報と、記憶部4aに記憶させた地図情報および走行許可区間情報等とから、走行許可信号情報を取得することができた走行許可要求信号を送信した際の走行位置(走行許可信号の要求位置)である送信地点R1,R2,・・・,Rnを算出し、各閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Snの通信が成功した送信地点R1,R2,・・・,Rnに関する情報を通信履歴情報として記憶部4aに記憶させる。演算部4cは、残距離算出部4bにて算出した残距離情報と、記憶部4aに記憶させた地図情報、走行許可区間情報および通信履歴情報等とに基づいて、送信地点R1,R2,・・・,Rnを記憶した閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Snかどうかを判断する。演算部4cは、送信地点R1,R2,・・・,Rnを記憶した閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Snを走行するに際し、この閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Sn中の送信地点R1,R2,・・・,Rnの通過時に、走行許可要求信号を送信させる。
以上により、上記第5実施形態に係る管制システムに用いるダンプトラック1Dにおいては、各閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Snの走行時に、走行許可信号情報を取得できた走行許可要求信号の送信地点R1,R2,・・・,Rnを記憶部4aに記憶させ、送信地点R1,R2,・・・,Rnを記憶させた閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Snを再度走行するに際し、この閉そく区間S1,S2,・・・,Sn中の送信地点R1,R2,・・・,Rnの通過時に、走行許可要求信信号を送信する構成としている。すなわち、過去の通信履歴情報に基づき、従前、走行許可信号を受信できた送信地点R1,R2,・・・,Rnで走行許可要求信号を送信するため、走行許可要求信号の送信に伴う情報送信量を少なくでき、走行許可要求信号を送信して走行許可信号を受信する通信成功確率を向上できる。
なお、本発明は前述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、様々な変形態様が含まれる。例えば、前述した実施形態は、本発明を分りやすく説明するために説明したものであり、本発明は、必ずしも説明した全ての構成を備えるものに限定されるものではない。
また、コントローラを、ダンプトラックに搭載せず、また、例えば鉄道等のダンプトラック1以外の作業車両であっても、本発明に係る管制システムの走行許可通信方法を用いることができる。
1a 車両本体
2a GPS装置(位置検出部)
2b 車載無線装置(通信部)
3 走行駆動装置
3f ブレーキ装置(制動装置)
4 コントローラ(車載コントローラ)
4a 記憶部
4b 残距離算出部
4c 演算部(制御部)
4d 許可要求部
4e 許可信号取得部
4f 走行制御部
11 管制センタ
Claims (5)
- 車載コントローラと、通信可能な通信部と、前記車載コントローラが搭載されている車両本体の走行位置を検出する位置検出部と、前記車両本体が走行する走行路のうちの所定の第1閉そく区間を走行しているに際し、前記第1閉そく区間の前方に位置する第2閉そく区間の走行を許可する走行許可信号を要求するための走行許可要求信号を、前記通信部を介して送信する許可要求部と、前記位置検出部にて検出した走行位置に基づき、前記第1閉そく区間を走行していると判断した場合に、前記第1閉そく区間内の前記車両本体の前方に位置する所定位置までの距離または所要時間に応じて、前記許可要求部による走行許可要求信号の送信頻度を変化させる制御部と、を備えた作業車両、
および複数の前記作業車両との間で所定の情報を送受信し、これらの作業車両の走行管制を行う管制センタから構成される
ことを特徴とする作業車両の管制システム。 - 請求項1に記載の作業車両の管制システムにおいて、
前記作業車両は、前記車両本体の走行を制動する制動装置を備え、
前記走行許可要求信号の送信頻度は、前記制動装置にて前記車両本体の走行を制動させ停止させるまでの制動可能距離に応じて定められている
ことを特徴とする作業車両の管制システム。 - 車載コントローラと、前記車載コントローラが搭載されている車両本体の走行を制御する走行制御部と、通信可能な通信部と、前記車両本体の走行位置を検出する位置検出部と、前記車両本体が走行する走行路のうちの所定の第1閉そく区間を走行しているに際し、前記第1閉そく区間の前方に位置する第2閉そく区間の走行を許可する走行許可信号を要求するための走行許可要求信号を、前記通信部を介して送信する許可要求部と、前記位置検出部にて検出した走行位置に基づき、前記第1閉そく区間を走行していると判断した場合に、前記第1閉そく区間内の前記車両本体の前方に位置する所定位置までの距離または所要時間に応じて、前記走行制御部を介し前記車両本体の走行速度を変化させる制御部と、を備えた作業車両、
および複数の前記作業車両との間で所定の情報を送受信し、これらの作業車両の走行管制を行う管制センタから構成される
ことを特徴とする作業車両の管制システム。 - 請求項3に記載の作業車両の管制システムにおいて、
前記作業車両は、前記車両本体の走行を制動する制動装置を備え、
前記走行速度の変化は、前記制動装置にて前記車両本体の走行を制動させ停止させるまでの制動可能距離に応じて定められている
ことを特徴とする作業車両の管制システム。 - 車載コントローラと、通信可能な通信部と、前記車載コントローラが搭載されている車両本体の走行位置を検出する位置検出部と、前記車両本体が走行する走行路のうちの所定の第1閉そく区間を走行しているに際し、前記第1閉そく区間の前方に位置する第2閉そく区間の走行を許可する走行許可信号を要求するための走行許可要求信号を、前記通信部を介して送信する許可要求部と、前記通信部を介し前記走行許可信号を受信する許可信号取得部と、前記車両本体が走行する走行路を含む地図情報を記憶した記憶部と、前記許可信号取得部にて前記走行許可信号を受信した場合に、前記位置検出部にて検出した走行位置と前記地図情報とに基づき、前記走行許可信号を受信することができた前記走行許可要求信号を送信した際の前記車両本体の走行位置を算出し、この走行位置の走行時に、前記許可要求部による走行許可要求信号の送信を行う制御部と、を備えた作業車両、
および複数の前記作業車両との間で所定の情報を送受信し、これらの作業車両の走行管制を行う管制センタから構成される
ことを特徴とする作業車両の管制システム。
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JP6153882B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-27 | 2017-06-28 | 日立建機株式会社 | 車両走行システム及び運行管理サーバ |
US10279823B2 (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2019-05-07 | General Electric Company | System for controlling or monitoring a vehicle system along a route |
CN109334717B (zh) * | 2018-09-17 | 2021-04-27 | 国电长源汉川第一发电有限公司 | 一种电厂翻车机尽头线调车作业安全防护系统及方法 |
CN111137277A (zh) * | 2018-11-05 | 2020-05-12 | 陕西汽车集团有限责任公司 | 一种无人驾驶矿用车自动泊车位置的设置方法 |
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CN110758468B (zh) * | 2019-10-29 | 2022-06-28 | 交控科技股份有限公司 | 列车折返的方法、装置、设备和介质 |
US11520009B2 (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2022-12-06 | Caterpillar Inc. | Method and system for detecting an obstacle |
DE102020106723B3 (de) | 2020-03-12 | 2021-09-16 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Fahrerloses Transportsystem mit verringerter Blockadegefahr |
CN113511078B (zh) * | 2020-04-10 | 2024-03-26 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | 一种低速反扭矩制动方法、装置、汽车及计算机可读存储介质 |
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