WO2015113341A1 - 电子设备充电装置及其电源适配器 - Google Patents

电子设备充电装置及其电源适配器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015113341A1
WO2015113341A1 PCT/CN2014/077284 CN2014077284W WO2015113341A1 WO 2015113341 A1 WO2015113341 A1 WO 2015113341A1 CN 2014077284 W CN2014077284 W CN 2014077284W WO 2015113341 A1 WO2015113341 A1 WO 2015113341A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
resistor
output
voltage
module
main control
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/077284
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张加亮
吴克伟
张俊
廖福椿
胡元祥
Original Assignee
广东欧珀移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=50529891&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2015113341(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority to MYPI2016702708A priority Critical patent/MY192951A/en
Priority to AU2014381131A priority patent/AU2014381131B2/en
Priority to EP14880925.4A priority patent/EP3101766B1/en
Priority to KR1020167023477A priority patent/KR101855793B1/ko
Priority to KR1020187012455A priority patent/KR101974861B1/ko
Application filed by 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 filed Critical 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司
Priority to JP2016549040A priority patent/JP6239777B2/ja
Priority to US15/113,973 priority patent/US10224725B2/en
Priority to SG11201606226SA priority patent/SG11201606226SA/en
Publication of WO2015113341A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015113341A1/zh
Priority to US15/596,009 priority patent/US9893540B2/en
Priority to US15/860,266 priority patent/US10826307B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00036—Charger exchanging data with battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H02J7/007184—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage in response to battery voltage gradient
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/10—Control circuit supply, e.g. means for supplying power to the control circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0036—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of charging, and particularly relates to an electronic device charging device and a power adapter thereof.
  • the battery of the electronic device is charged by its power adapter, and the adapter usually uses a constant voltage output method to charge the battery, and for a large-capacity battery, charging the battery through the constant voltage output method causes the charging time to pass. Long, so the above prior art cannot achieve fast charging of the battery to shorten the charging time.
  • the present invention is achieved by a power adapter that is connected to a communication interface of an electronic device through its communication interface and that charges a battery in the electronic device;
  • the power adapter includes an EMI filter circuit, and a high voltage a rectifier filter circuit, an isolation transformer, an output filter circuit, and a voltage tracking and control circuit;
  • the power adapter further includes a power module, a main control module, a potential adjustment module, a current detection module, a voltage detection module, and an output switch module;
  • the input end of the power module is connected to the secondary end of the isolation transformer, and the power terminal of the main control module, the power terminal of the potential adjustment module, and the power terminal of the current detection module are connected to the power module.
  • the output terminal of the main control module and the high potential end of the potential adjustment module are connected to the positive output end of the output filter circuit, and the potential adjustment end of the potential adjustment module is connected to the voltage tracking and a control circuit, a DC input end of the current detecting module is connected to a positive output end of the output filter circuit, and a current detecting end of the current detecting module is connected to a current detecting end of the main control module, where the main control module
  • the clock output end and the data output end are connected to the clock input end and the data input end of the potential adjustment module, and the first detecting end and the second detecting end of the voltage detecting module are respectively connected to the DC output end of the current detecting module and the a negative output end of the output filter circuit, wherein the first output end and the second output end of the voltage
  • the main control module controls the output switch module to turn off a direct current output of the power adapter, and the voltage detecting module is configured to the power adapter
  • the output voltage is detected and the voltage detection signal is fed back to the main control module, and the main control module determines, according to the voltage detection signal, whether the output voltage of the power adapter is greater than a voltage threshold, and the main control module continues to Determining an output voltage of the power adapter, if not, the main control module controls the output switch module to open a DC output of the power adapter, and drive the voltage tracking and control circuit through the potential adjustment module
  • the output voltage of the isolation transformer is set to a normal output voltage
  • the current detecting module detects an output current of the power adapter and feeds back a current detection signal to the main control module, when the main control module is according to the current
  • the detection signal determines that the output current of the power adapter is at a preset time interval When the current interval is configured, the main control module performs fast charge
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device charging apparatus including the power adapter and a charging control module; the power adapter is connected to a communication interface of the electronic device through a communication interface thereof, and is in the electronic device The battery is charged; the charging control module is built in the electronic device, and is connected to the power adapter through a communication interface of the electronic device;
  • the main control module controls the output switch module to turn off a direct current output of the power adapter, and the voltage detecting module is configured to the power adapter
  • the output voltage is detected and the voltage detection signal is fed back to the main control module, and the main control module determines, according to the voltage detection signal, whether the output voltage of the power adapter is greater than a voltage threshold, and the main control module continues to Determining an output voltage of the power adapter, if not, the main control module controls the output switch module to open a DC output of the power adapter, and drive the voltage tracking and control circuit through the potential adjustment module
  • the output voltage of the isolation transformer is set to a normal output voltage
  • the current detecting module detects an output current of the power adapter and feeds back a current detection signal to the main control module, when the main control module is according to the current
  • the detection signal determines that the output current of the power adapter is at a preset time interval When the current control interval is configured, the main control module performs fast
  • the main control module drives the voltage tracking and control circuit to adjust the output voltage of the isolation transformer by the potential adjustment module to make the power adapter follow the fast charging current value and the fast charging voltage.
  • the value outputs direct current, and the charging control module simultaneously charges the battery by introducing direct current from the power adapter through a communication interface of the electronic device.
  • the invention adopts a power adapter including a power module, a main control module, a potential adjustment module, a current detection module, a voltage detection module and an output switch module, and the battery is charged in a normal charging mode after the power adapter is powered on or reset.
  • the power adapter performs fast charge inquiry communication with the electronic device, and after the electronic device issues a quick charge instruction command to the power adapter, the power adapter is according to the electronic device.
  • the feedback battery voltage information adjusts the output voltage, and when the output voltage meets the fast charging voltage condition preset by the electronic device, the power adapter adjusts the output current and the output voltage according to the fast charging mode to charge the battery, thereby realizing the battery Fast charging to shorten the charging time.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit configuration diagram of the power adapter shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a charging device of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit configuration diagram of the charging control module shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is another exemplary circuit configuration diagram of the charging control module shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a module structure of a power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of description, only parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, which are described in detail as follows:
  • the power adapter 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention is connected to the communication interface 20 of the electronic device 200 through its communication interface 10, and charges the battery 201 in the electronic device 200.
  • the power adapter 100 includes an EMI filter circuit 101, a high voltage rectification filter circuit 102, an isolation transformer 103, an output filter circuit 104, and a voltage tracking and control circuit 105.
  • the EMI filter circuit 101 performs electromagnetic interference filtering
  • the power supply is filtered by the high voltage rectification filter circuit.
  • 102 performs rectification and filtering processing to output high-voltage direct current, which is electrically isolated by the isolation transformer 103 and output to the output filter circuit 104 for filtering processing to charge the battery, and the voltage tracking and control circuit 105 is isolated according to the output voltage of the output filter circuit 104.
  • the output voltage of the transformer 103 is adjusted.
  • the power adapter 100 further includes a power module 106, a main control module 107, a potential adjustment module 108, a current detection module 109, a voltage detection module 110, and an output switch module 111.
  • the input end of the power module 106 is connected to the secondary end of the isolation transformer 103.
  • the power terminal of the main control module 107, the power terminal of the potential adjustment module 108, and the power terminal of the current detection module 109 are connected to the output end of the power module 108.
  • the high potential end of the module 107 and the high potential end of the potential adjustment module 108 are both connected to the positive output end of the output filter circuit 104.
  • the potential adjustment end of the potential adjustment module 108 is connected to the voltage tracking and control circuit 105, and the DC input terminal of the current detecting module 109.
  • the positive output terminal of the output filter circuit 104 is connected to the current detecting terminal of the main control module 107.
  • the clock output terminal and the data output terminal of the main control module 107 are connected to the clock input terminal of the potential adjusting module 108.
  • the data input end, the first detecting end and the second detecting end of the voltage detecting module 110 are respectively connected to the DC output end of the current detecting module 109 and the negative output end of the output filter circuit 104, and the first output end of the voltage detecting module 110 and the first
  • the two output ends are respectively connected to the first voltage detecting end and the second voltage detecting end of the main control module 107, and the input of the output switch module 111 is output.
  • the output end of the output switch module 111 is connected to the communication output interface 10, and the output end of the output switch module 111 is connected to the third detection end of the voltage detection module 110.
  • the ground terminal of the output switch module 111 is connected to the output filter circuit
  • the negative output end of 104, the controlled end and the power end of the output switch module 111 are respectively connected to the switch control end of the main control module 107 and the secondary end of the isolation transformer 103, the output negative end of the output filter circuit 104, and the output switch module 111.
  • the output end, the first communication end and the second communication end of the main control module 107 are connected to the power adapter 100 communication interface 10.
  • the main control module 107 controls the output switch module 111 to turn off the DC output of the power adapter 100, and the voltage detecting module 110 detects the output voltage of the power adapter 100 and feeds back the voltage.
  • the main control module 107 determines whether the output voltage of the power adapter 100 is greater than a voltage threshold (eg, 2V) according to the voltage detection signal, and the main control module 107 continues to perform the output voltage of the power adapter 100.
  • a voltage threshold eg, 2V
  • the main control module 107 controls the output switch module 111 to turn on the DC output of the power adapter 100, and drives the voltage tracking and control circuit 105 through the potential adjustment module 108 to set the output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 to a conventional output voltage (eg, 5.1V); the current detecting module 109 detects the output current of the power adapter 100 and feeds back the current detecting signal to the main control module 107.
  • the main control module 107 determines the output current of the power adapter 100 according to the current detecting signal, the preset current is at a preset time. When the interval is in the regular current interval, the main control module 107 The electronic device 200 performs fast charge inquiry communication.
  • the main control module 107 drives the voltage tracking and control circuit through the potential adjustment module 108 according to the battery voltage information fed back by the electronic device 200.
  • 105 adjusts the output voltage of the isolation transformer 103, and when the output voltage of the power adapter 100 meets the fast charging voltage condition preset by the electronic device 200, the main control module 107 drives the voltage tracking and control circuit 105 to adjust through the potential adjustment module 108.
  • the output voltage of the transformer 103 is isolated so that the power adapter 100 outputs DC power in accordance with the fast charge current value (4A) and the fast charge voltage value (3.4V to 4.8V).
  • the current detecting module 109 continues to perform the output current of the power adapter 100. Detecting and feeding back the current detection signal to the main control module 107; if the output current value of the power adapter 100 is greater than the current upper limit value (such as 4A), the main control module 107 controls the output switch module 111 to turn off the DC output of the power adapter 100 to achieve short circuit protection. .
  • the current lower limit value e.g. 1A
  • the main control module 107 sends a fast charge inquiry command to the electronic device 200, and the electronic device 200 determines whether the voltage of the battery 201 reaches the fast charge voltage value according to the fast charge inquiry command. If yes, the fast control instruction command is fed back to the main control module 107, otherwise, The main control module 107 feeds back the fast charge veto command.
  • the main control module 107 sends the voltage tracking and control circuit 105 to adjust the output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 according to the battery voltage information fed back by the electronic device 200.
  • the main control module 107 sends out according to the electronic device 200.
  • the fast charge indication command sends a battery voltage acquisition request to the electronic device 200, and the electronic device 200 feeds back the battery voltage information to the main control module 107 according to the battery voltage acquisition request, and the main control module 107 is driven by the potential adjustment module 108 according to the battery voltage information.
  • the voltage tracking and control circuit 105 adjusts the output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 to the above-described fast charge voltage setting value.
  • the main control module 107 drives the voltage through the potential adjustment module 108 when the output voltage of the power adapter 100 meets the fast charging voltage condition preset by the electronic device 200 (ie, in the fast charging voltage rated range or equal to the fast charging voltage rating).
  • the tracking and control circuit 105 adjusts the output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 to cause the power adapter 100 to output DC power according to the fast charge current value and the fast charge voltage value.
  • the main control module 107 performs fast charge voltage inquiry communication with the electronic device 200, and the main control module 107 feeds back the output voltage information to the electronic device 200; when the output voltage of the power adapter 100 is in the fast charge voltage rated range or equal to the fast charge voltage rating
  • the electronic device 200 determines that the output voltage of the power adapter 100 meets the fast charging voltage condition preset by the electronic device 200, and feeds back the fast charging mode to enter the command to the main control module 107; according to the fast charging mode, the main control module 107 passes the instruction.
  • the potential adjustment module 108 drives the voltage tracking and control circuit 105 to adjust the output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 to cause the power adapter 100 to output DC power in accordance with the fast charge current value and the fast charge voltage value.
  • the electronic device 200 sends a voltage deviation feedback.
  • the signal is sent to the main control module 107.
  • the main control module 107 drives the voltage tracking and control circuit 105 to adjust the output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 according to the voltage deviation feedback signal, and continues to perform fast charge voltage inquiry communication with the electronic device 200.
  • the voltage deviation feedback signal includes a voltage low feedback signal and a voltage high feedback signal. If the voltage is low, the main control module 107 drives the voltage tracking and control circuit 105 to be raised by the potential adjustment module 108 according to the voltage low feedback signal. The output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 is isolated. If the voltage is high, the main control module 107 drives the voltage tracking and control circuit 105 to lower the output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 via the potential adjustment module 108 according to the voltage bias feedback signal.
  • the main control module 107 passes the potential adjustment module
  • the driving voltage tracking and control circuit 105 adjusts the output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 to cause the power adapter 100 to output DC power according to the fast charging current value and the fast charging voltage value.
  • the main control module 107 drives the voltage tracking and control circuit 105 to the isolation transformer through the potential adjustment module 108.
  • the output voltage of 103 is adjusted so that the output current and the output voltage of the power adapter 100 are respectively adjusted to a fast charge current value (such as 4A) and a fast charge voltage value (which may be any value from 3.4V to 4.8V), and the main control
  • the module 107 obtains the battery voltage information from the electronic device 200, and determines whether the difference between the output voltage of the power adapter 100 and the battery voltage is greater than a differential pressure threshold (eg, 0.8 V) according to the voltage detection signal fed back by the voltage detecting module 110.
  • a differential pressure threshold eg, 0.8 V
  • the line impedance between the power adapter 100 and the electronic device 200 and the battery 201 is abnormal, and the main control module 107 controls the output switch module 111 to turn off the DC output of the adapter 100. Otherwise, the main control module 107 is driven by the potential adjustment module 108 according to the battery voltage information. Voltage tracking and control circuit The output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 is adjusted to adjust the output current of the power adapter 100, and the battery voltage information is continuously obtained from the charging control module 300 to cyclically adjust the output of the power adapter 100 during the rapid charging of the battery 201. The current can thereby optimize the rapid charging process of the battery 201 to achieve the purpose of shortening the charging time.
  • the main control module 107 drives the voltage tracking and control circuit through the potential adjustment module 108.
  • the electronic device 200 detects the voltage of the battery 201 if the voltage of the battery 201 is greater than the fast charge threshold voltage (eg 4.35V), the electronic device 200 stops charging the battery 201 from the power adapter 100, and feeds back the fast charge off command to the main control module 107, then the main control module 107 exits the fast charging mode according to the fast charge off command. And return to the normal charging mode.
  • the fast charge threshold voltage eg 4.35V
  • FIG. 2 shows an example circuit configuration of the above-described power adapter 100.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example circuit configuration of the above-described power adapter 100.
  • the power module 106 includes:
  • the first end of the first capacitor C1 and the input power pin Vin of the voltage regulator chip U1 and the enable pin EN are connected to the input end of the power module 106, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 and the voltage regulator chip U1
  • the ground pin GND is connected to the ground
  • the switch pin SW of the voltage regulator chip U1 and the first end of the second capacitor C2 are connected to the first end of the first inductor L1
  • the internal switch pin BOOST of the voltage regulator chip U1 is
  • the second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1
  • the feedback voltage pin FB of the voltage regulator chip U1 is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1 and the first end of the second resistor R2.
  • the second end of the first inductor L1 and the cathode of the second diode D2 are connected to the first end of the second inductor L2, the second end of the second inductor L2 and the anode of the first diode D1, the first resistor
  • the common terminal formed by the second end of R1 and the first end of the third capacitor C3 is the output end of the power module 106, the anode of the second diode D2 and the second end of the second resistor R2 and the third capacitor
  • the second end of C3 is connected to the ground.
  • the power module 106 uses the voltage regulator chip U1 as a core to perform voltage conversion processing on the secondary terminal voltage of the isolation transformer 103, and then outputs a voltage of +3.3 V to supply power to the main control module 107, the potential adjustment module 108, and the current detection module 109;
  • the chip U1 may specifically be a step-down DC/DC converter of the type MCP16301.
  • the main control module 107 includes:
  • the power supply pin VDD of the main control chip U3 is the power supply end of the main control module 107, the ground VSS of the main control chip U3 is grounded, the first input/output pin RA0 of the main control chip U3 is connected, and the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected.
  • the power supply pin VDD of the main control chip U3, the second end of the third resistor R3 and the first end of the fourth resistor R4 are connected to the positive electrode CATHODE of the reference voltage chip U3, the negative electrode ANODE of the reference voltage chip U3 is grounded, and the reference voltage chip U3
  • the empty pin NC is connected, the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second input/output pin RA1 of the main control chip U2, and the third input/output pin RA2 of the main control chip U2 is the current detecting end of the main control module 107.
  • the fourth input/output pin RA3 of the main control chip U2 is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor R5, and the second end of the fifth resistor R5 and the first end of the fourth capacitor C4 are connected to the power supply pin VDD of the main control chip U2.
  • the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded, the fifth input/output pin RA4 of the main control chip U2 is the switch control end of the main control module 107, and the sixth input/output pin RA5 of the main control chip U2 is connected to the first of the sixth resistor R6.
  • the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the gate of the first NMOS transistor Q1 to the seventh resistor R7.
  • the second end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the ground of the first NMOS transistor Q1, the drain of the first NMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the first end of the eighth resistor R8, and the second end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected.
  • the seventh input output pin RC0 and the eighth input output pin RC1 of the main control chip U2 are respectively the clock output end and the data output end of the main control module 107, and the tenth of the main control chip U2
  • the input/output pin RC3 and the ninth input/output pin RC2 are respectively a first voltage detecting end and a second voltage detecting end of the main control module 107, and an eleventh input/output pin RC4 and a twelfth input/output pin RC5 of the main control chip U2 Connecting the first end of the ninth resistor R9 and the first end of the tenth resistor R10, respectively, the first end of the eleventh resistor R11 and the first end of the
  • the main control chip U2 may be a single-chip microcomputer of the type PIC12LF1822, PIC12F1822, PIC16LF1823 or PIC16F1823, and the reference voltage chip U3 may be a voltage reference type LM4040.
  • the potential adjustment module 108 includes:
  • the common end of the first end of the fifteenth resistor R15 and the first end of the sixteenth resistor R16, the power supply pin VDD of the digital potentiometer U4, and the first end of the fifth capacitor C5 is the power supply end of the potential adjustment module 108, Five capacitor The second end of C5 and the first end of the sixth capacitor C6, the ground VSS of the digital potentiometer U4, and the seventeenth resistor The first end of the R17 is connected to the ground, the second end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the power pin VDD of the digital potentiometer U4, and the second end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is shared with the serial data pin SDA of the digital potentiometer U4.
  • the contact is the data input end of the potential adjustment module 108, the second end of the sixteenth resistor R16 and the clock input pin of the digital potentiometer U4
  • the common contact point of SCL is the clock input end of the potential adjustment module 108, the address pin A0 of the digital potentiometer U4 is grounded, and the first potential pin P0A of the digital potentiometer U4 and the first end of the eighteenth resistor R18 are connected to the first end.
  • the second end of the seventeen resistor R17, the second end of the eighteenth resistor R18 and the second potential pin P0B of the digital potentiometer U4 are connected to the first end of the nineteenth resistor R19, and the nineteenth resistor R19
  • the two ends are the high potential end of the potential adjustment module 108, and the potential tap pin P0W of the digital potentiometer U4 is the potential adjustment end of the potential adjustment module 108.
  • the digital potentiometer U4 adjusts the internal sliding varistor according to the clock signal and the data signal outputted by the main control chip U2, so that the potential of the tap end of the internal sliding varistor (ie, the potential tapping pin P0W of the digital potentiometer U4) changes.
  • the voltage tracking and control circuit 104 is caused to adjust the output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 following the potential change; the digital potentiometer U4 may specifically be a digital potentiometer of the MCP45X1.
  • the current detecting module 109 includes:
  • the first end and the second end of the twentieth resistor R20 are a DC input end and a DC output end of the current detecting module 109, respectively, and the first end of the twenty-first resistor R21 and the first end of the twenty-second resistor R22 are respectively Connecting the first end and the second end of the twentieth resistor R20, the second end of the twenty-first resistor R21 and the first end of the seventh capacitor C7 are connected to the input positive pin IN+ of the current detecting chip U5, and the twentieth The second end of the second resistor R22 and the first end of the eighth capacitor C8 are connected to the input negative pin IN- of the current detecting chip U5, and the common contact of the power supply pin V+ of the current detecting chip U5 and the first end of the ninth capacitor C9
  • the empty pin NC of the current detecting chip U5 is connected
  • the output pin OUT of the current detecting chip U5 is connected to the first end of the twenty-third resistor R23
  • Galvanometer foot chip U5 is the GND, a first reference voltage REF1 and a second reference voltage pin REF2 common pin connected to ground.
  • the twentieth resistor R20 acts as a current-sense resistor to the output filter circuit
  • the output current of 104 ie, the output current of the power adapter 100
  • the current detecting signal is output to the main control chip U2 according to the voltage across the twentieth resistor R20 through the current detecting chip U5;
  • the current detecting chip U5 may be specifically a model number Current shunt monitor for the INA286.
  • the voltage detection module 110 includes:
  • the first end of the twenty-fifth resistor R25 is the first detecting end of the voltage detecting module 110, and the twenty-fifth resistor
  • the common end of the second end of the R25 and the first end of the twenty-sixth resistor R26 and the first end of the eleventh capacitor C11 is the second output end of the voltage detecting module 110, and the second end of the twenty-sixth resistor R26 Voltage detection module
  • the second end of the eleventh capacitor C11 is connected to the first end of the twelfth capacitor C12 and the first end of the twenty-seventh resistor R27 to the second end of the twenty-sixth resistor R26.
  • the common end of the second end of the twelfth capacitor C12 and the second end of the twenty-seventh resistor R27 and the first end of the twenty-eighth resistor R28 is the first output end of the voltage detecting module 110, and the twenty-eighth The second end of the resistor R28 is the third detecting end of the voltage detecting module 110.
  • the output switch module 111 includes:
  • the first end of the twenty-ninth resistor R29 is a controlled end of the output switch module 111, and the second end of the twenty-ninth resistor R29 and the first end of the thirtieth resistor R30 are connected to the first NPN transistor N1
  • the first end of the thirteenth capacitor C13 and the first end of the thirty-first resistor R31 and the first end of the thirty-second resistor R32 are connected to the cathode of the third diode D3, and the third diode
  • the anode of the tube D3 is the power terminal of the output switch module 111, and the second end of the 31st resistor R31 and the base of the second NPN transistor N2 are connected to the collector of the first NPN transistor N1, and the thirty-second
  • the second end of the resistor R32 is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode ZD and the first end of the 33rd resistor R33 to the collector of the second NPN transistor N2, and the second end of the thirtieth resist
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of an electronic device charging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of description, only parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, which are described in detail as follows:
  • the electronic device charging device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a power adapter 1 and a charging control module 2; the power adapter 1 is connected to the communication interface 20 of the electronic device 3 through the communication interface 10, and charges the battery 31 in the electronic device; charging control The module 2 is built in the electronic device 3 and is connected to the power adapter 1 via the communication interface 20 of the electronic device 3.
  • the power adapter 1 has the same structure as the power adapter 100 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and therefore will not be described again.
  • the main control module 107 controls the output switch module 111 to turn off the DC output of the power adapter 1, and the voltage detecting module 110 detects the output voltage of the power adapter 1 and feeds back the voltage.
  • the main control module 107 determines whether the output voltage of the power adapter 1 is greater than a voltage threshold (eg, 2V) according to the voltage detection signal, and the main control module 107 continues to perform the output voltage of the power adapter 1 .
  • a voltage threshold eg, 2V
  • the main control module 107 controls the output switch module 111 to turn on the DC output of the power adapter 1, and drives the voltage tracking and control circuit 105 through the potential adjustment module 108 to set the output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 to a conventional output voltage (eg, 5.1V); the current detecting module 109 detects the output current of the power adapter 100 and feeds back the current detecting signal to the main control module 107.
  • the main control module 107 determines the output current of the power adapter 1 according to the current detecting signal, the preset current is at a preset time.
  • the driving voltage tracking and control circuit 105 adjusts the output voltage of the isolation transformer 103, and when the output voltage of the power adapter 1 meets the fast charging voltage condition preset by the charging control module 2, the main control module
  • the voltage tracking and control circuit 105 is driven by the potential adjustment module 108 to adjust the output voltage of the isolation transformer 103 to cause the power adapter 100 to output DC power according to the fast charge current value (4A) and the fast charge voltage value (3.4V ⁇ 4.8V), and the charge control is performed.
  • the module 2 simultaneously charges the battery 31 by introducing direct current from the power adapter 1 through the communication interface 20 of the electronic device 3.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example circuit configuration of the above-described charging control module 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example circuit configuration of the above-described charging control module 2.
  • the charging control module 2 includes:
  • Battery connector J1 main controller U6, thirteenth capacitor C13, thirty-sixth resistor R36, thirty-seventh resistor R37, fourteenth capacitor C14, first Schottky diode SD1, second Schottky diode SD2, fifteenth capacitor C15, thirty-eighth resistor R38, thirty-ninth resistor R39, fortieth resistor R40, third NPN type transistor N3, fourth NMOS tube Q4 and fifth NMOS tube Q5;
  • the battery connector J1 is connected to the plurality of electrodes of the battery 300, and the first leg 5A-1 and the second leg of the battery connector J1 5A-2 is connected to the ground, the first grounding pin GND1 and the second grounding pin GND2 of the battery connector J1 are connected to the ground, the first input/output pin RA0 of the main controller U6 and the seventh leg 5A of the battery connector J1 -3 is connected to the eighth pin 5A-4, and the second input/output pin RA1, the seventh input/output pin RC0, the eighth input/output pin RC1, and the ninth input/output pin RC2 of the main controller U6 are respectively connected to the battery connector J1.
  • the sixth pin 2A-4, the fifth pin 2A-3, the fourth pin 2A-2 and the third pin 2A-1 are connected, and the analog ground VSS and the ground GND of the main controller U6 are grounded, and the main controller U6
  • the first empty pin NC0 and the second empty pin NC1 are both vacant, and the power pin VDD of the main controller U6 and the first end of the thirteenth capacitor C13 are both connected to the seventh leg 5A-3 of the battery connector J1 and the first
  • the eight-pin 5A-4 is connected in common, the fourth input/output pin RA3 of the main controller U6 and the eleventh input/output pin RC4 are in data communication with the electronic device, and the thirty-sixth resistor R36 is connected to the fourth input of the main controller U6.
  • the sixth input/output pin RA5 and the twelfth input/output pin RC5 of the main controller U6 are respectively connected to the first pass of the main control module 107 in the adapter 100.
  • the first end of the thirty-seventh resistor R37 and the first end of the thirty-eighth resistor R38 are connected to the tenth input and output end RC3 of the main controller U6, and the thirty-seventh resistor R37 is connected to the signal terminal and the second communication end.
  • the second end is connected to the power pin VDD of the main controller U6, the second end of the thirty-eighth resistor R38 is connected to the base of the third NPN transistor N3, and the fifth input/output terminal RA4 of the main controller U6 is connected to the fourteenth.
  • the cathode of SD1 is connected to the anode of the second Schottky diode SD2, and the thirty-ninth resistor
  • the first end of the R39 and the first end of the fifteenth capacitor C15 are connected to the cathode of the second Schottky diode SD2, the second end of the thirty-ninth resistor R39 and the first end of the fortieth resistor R40 and
  • the collector of the three NPN transistor N3 is connected to the fourth
  • the gate of the NMOS transistor Q4 and the gate of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5, the second end of the fortieth resistor R40 and the second end of the fifteenth capacitor C15 are connected to the ground, and the source of the fourth NMOS transistor Q4 is connected.
  • An anode of a Schottky diode SD1 is also connected to the seventh leg 5A-3 and the eighth leg 5A-4 of the battery connector J1, fourth
  • the drain of the NMOS transistor Q4 is connected to the drain of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5, the source of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 is connected to the communication interface 20 of the electronic device 3, and the emitter of the third NPN transistor N3 is connected to the third Schottky diode.
  • the anode of the SD3, the cathode of the third Schottky diode SD3 is grounded.
  • the main controller U6 may specifically be a single chip microcomputer of the type PIC12LF1501, PIC12F1501, PIC16LF1503, PIC16F1503, PIC16LF1507, PIC16F1507, PIC16LF1508, PIC16F1508, PIC16LF1509 or PIC16F1509.
  • the charging control module 2 described above simultaneously introduces DC power from the power adapter 1 through the communication interface 20 of the electronic device 3 to charge the battery 31.
  • the main controller U6 outputs a control signal through the fifth input/output pin RA4 to control the fourth NMOS transistor Q4 and The fifth NMOS transistor Q5 is turned on, and controls the third NPN transistor N3 to be turned off by its tenth input/output pin RC3, thereby charging the battery 31 by introducing a direct current from the communication interface 10 of the adapter 1 through the data line, because the battery 31 itself
  • the direct current is obtained from the power adapter 100 through the communication interface 2 of the electronic device 3, so that the introduction of the direct current by the charging control module 2 can further increase the charging current to the battery 31, thereby achieving rapid charging of the battery 31;
  • the main controller U6 outputs a low level through the fifth input/output pin RA4 to control the fourth NMOS transistor Q4 and the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 to be turned off, and through the ten
  • the main controller U6 performs data communication with the electronic device through the fourth input/output pin RA3 and the eleventh input/output pin RC4.
  • the voltage of the battery 31 may be specifically controlled by the main controller U6.
  • the power information is transmitted to the electronic device (such as a mobile phone), and the main controller U6 can also determine whether the battery 31 completes the fast charging process according to the voltage of the battery 31, and if so, can feedback the fast charge off command to inform the electronic device to charge the mode. Switching from the fast charging mode to the normal charging mode; in the process of charging the battery 31 by the power adapter 1, if the power adapter 1 and the battery 31 are suddenly disconnected, the main controller U6 detects the battery 31 through the battery connector J1.
  • the voltage and feedback charge termination command informs the electronic device 3 to close the communication interface 20 to terminate the charging process of the battery 31; in addition, if the electronic device 3 can detect the temperature of the battery 31, the main controller U6 will be notified when the temperature is abnormal.
  • the four NMOS transistors Q4 and the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 are turned off to stop the rapid charging of the battery 31, while the electronic device 3 will charge the charging mode quickly. Charging mode is switched to the normal charging mode.
  • the charging control module 2 introduces direct current from the power adapter 1 to charge the battery 31, if the power supply line VBUS and the ground GND of the communication interface 10 of the power adapter 1 are respectively The ground line GND of the communication interface 20 of the electronic device 3 is connected to the power line VBUS (ie, the power line VBUS and the ground line GND of the communication interface 10 of the power adapter 1 are respectively connected to the ground of the charge control module 2 and the source of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5.
  • the charging control module 2 may further include a sixth NMOS transistor Q6, a seventh NMOS transistor Q7, and a forty-first resistor R41, and the source connection of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6.
  • the source of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5, the sixth NMOS transistor The drain of Q6 is connected to the drain of the seventh NMOS transistor Q7, the source of the seventh NMOS transistor Q7 is connected to the collector of the third NPN transistor N3, the gate of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 and the gate of the seventh NMOS transistor Q7. Connected to the first end of the forty-first resistor R41, the second end of the forty-first resistor R41 is grounded.
  • the second end of the forty-first resistor R41 is connected to the direct current from the ground to drive the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 and the seventh NMOS transistor Q7 to be turned off, thereby causing the direct current entering the charging control module 2 from the ground.
  • a loop cannot be formed to protect the components in the charge control module 2 from damage.
  • the embodiment of the present invention uses a power adapter including a power module, a main control module, a potential adjustment module, a current detection module, a voltage detection module, and an output switch module to charge the power adapter after power-on or reset.
  • a power adapter including a power module, a main control module, a potential adjustment module, a current detection module, a voltage detection module, and an output switch module to charge the power adapter after power-on or reset.
  • the power adapter performs fast charge inquiry communication with the electronic device, after the electronic device issues a quick charge instruction command to the power adapter.
  • the power adapter adjusts the output voltage according to the battery voltage information fed back by the electronic device, and when the output voltage meets the fast charging voltage condition preset by the electronic device, the power adapter adjusts the output current and the output voltage according to the fast charging mode to perform the battery on the battery. Charging, thus achieving the purpose of quickly charging the battery to shorten the charging time.

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Abstract

一种电子设备（200）充电装置及其电源适配器（100），属于充电技术领域。其中，在电源适配器（100）于上电或复位后按照常规充电模式对电池（201）充电的过程中，当电源适配器（100）的输出电流值在预设时间间隔内处于常规电流区间时，电源适配器（100）与电子设备（200）进行快充询问通信，在电子设备（200）向电源适配器（100）发出快充指示命令后，电源适配器（100）根据电子设备（200）所反馈的电池（201）电压信息调整输出电压，并在该输出电压符合电子设备（200）所预设的快充电压条件时，电源适配器（100）按照快速充电模式调整输出电流和输出电压以对电池（201）进行充电，从而实现了对电池（201）进行快速充电以缩短充电时间的目的。

Description

电子设备充电装置及其电源适配器 技术领域
本发明属于充电技术领域，尤其涉及一种电子设备充电装置及其电源适配器。
 背景技术
目前，电子设备的电池是通过其电源适配器进行充电的，而适配器通常是采用恒压输出方式对电池进行充电，而对于大容量电池而言，通过恒压输出方式对电池充电会导致充电时间过长，所以上述现有技术无法对电池实现快速充电以缩短充电时间。
 技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供一种电源适配器，旨在解决现有技术无法对电池实现快速充电以缩短充电时间的问题。
 技术解决方案
本发明是这样实现的，一种电源适配器，所述电源适配器通过其通信接口与电子设备的通信接口连接，并对所述电子设备中的电池进行充电；所述电源适配器包括EMI滤波电路、高压整流滤波电路、隔离变压器、输出滤波电路以及电压跟踪与控制电路；
所述电源适配器还包括电源模块、主控模块、电位调整模块、电流检测模块、电压检测模块以及输出开关模块；
所述电源模块的输入端连接所述隔离变压器的次级端，所述主控模块的电源端、所述电位调整模块的电源端以及所述电流检测模块的电源端共接于所述电源模块的输出端，所述主控模块的高电位端和所述电位调整模块的高电位端均连接所述输出滤波电路的正输出端，所述电位调整模块的电位调节端连接所述电压跟踪与控制电路，所述电流检测模块的直流输入端连接所述输出滤波电路的正输出端，所述电流检测模块的检流反馈端连接所述主控模块的电流检测端，所述主控模块的时钟输出端和数据输出端连接所述电位调整模块的时钟输入端和数据输入端，所述电压检测模块的第一检测端和第二检测端分别连接所述电流检测模块的直流输出端和所述输出滤波电路的负输出端，所述电压检测模块的第一输出端和第二输出端分别连接所述主控模块的第一电压检测端和第二电压检测端，所述输出开关模块的输入端连接所述电流检测模块的直流输出端，所述输出开关模块的输出端连接所述电压检测模块的第三检测端，所述输出开关模块的接地端连接所述输出滤波电路的负输出端，所述输出开关模块的受控端和电源端分别连接所述主控模块的开关控制端和所述隔离变压器的次级端，所述输出滤波电路的输出负端、所述输出开关模块的输出端、所述主控模块的第一通信端和第二通信端均连接所述电源适配器的通信接口；
当所述电源适配器在上电或复位后对所述电池进行充电时，所述主控模块控制所述输出开关模块关闭所述电源适配器的直流电输出，所述电压检测模块对所述电源适配器的输出电压进行检测并反馈电压检测信号至所述主控模块，所述主控模块根据所述电压检测信号判断所述电源适配器的输出电压是否大于电压阈值，是，则所述主控模块继续对所述电源适配器的输出电压进行判断，否，则所述主控模块控制所述输出开关模块打开所述电源适配器的直流电输出，并通过所述电位调整模块驱动所述电压跟踪与控制电路将所述隔离变压器的输出电压设定为常规输出电压，所述电流检测模块对所述电源适配器的输出电流进行检测并反馈电流检测信号至所述主控模块，当所述主控模块根据所述电流检测信号判定所述电源适配器的输出电流在预设时间间隔内处于常规电流区间时，所述主控模块与所述电子设备进行快充询问通信，在所述电子设备向所述主控模块发出快充指示命令后，所述主控模块根据所述电子设备所反馈的电池电压信息通过所述电位调整模块驱动所述电压跟踪与控制电路对所述隔离变压器的输出电压进行调整，并在所述电源适配器的输出电压符合所述电子设备所预设的快充电压条件时，所述主控模块通过所述电位调整模块驱动所述电压跟踪与控制电路调整所述隔离变压器的输出电压以使所述电源适配器按照快充电流值和快充电压值输出直流电。
本发明的另一目的还在于提供一种电子设备充电装置，其包括所述电源适配器和充电控制模块；所述电源适配器通过其通信接口与电子设备的通信接口连接，并对所述电子设备中的电池进行充电；所述充电控制模块内置于所述电子设备，并通过所述电子设备的通信接口与所述电源适配器连接；
当所述电源适配器在上电或复位后对所述电池进行充电时，所述主控模块控制所述输出开关模块关闭所述电源适配器的直流电输出，所述电压检测模块对所述电源适配器的输出电压进行检测并反馈电压检测信号至所述主控模块，所述主控模块根据所述电压检测信号判断所述电源适配器的输出电压是否大于电压阈值，是，则所述主控模块继续对所述电源适配器的输出电压进行判断，否，则所述主控模块控制所述输出开关模块打开所述电源适配器的直流电输出，并通过所述电位调整模块驱动所述电压跟踪与控制电路将所述隔离变压器的输出电压设定为常规输出电压，所述电流检测模块对所述电源适配器的输出电流进行检测并反馈电流检测信号至所述主控模块，当所述主控模块根据所述电流检测信号判定所述电源适配器的输出电流在预设时间间隔内处于常规电流区间时，所述主控模块与所述充电控制模块进行快充询问通信，在所述充电控制模块向所述主控模块发出快充指示命令后，所述主控模块根据所述充电控制模块所反馈的电池电压信息通过所述电位调整模块驱动所述电压跟踪与控制电路对所述隔离变压器的输出电压进行调整，并在所述电源适配器的输出电压符合所述充电控制模块所预设的快充电压条件时，所述主控模块通过所述电位调整模块驱动所述电压跟踪与控制电路调整所述隔离变压器的输出电压以使所述电源适配器按照快充电流值和快充电压值输出直流电，所述充电控制模块同时通过所述电子设备的通信接口从所述电源适配器引入直流电对所述电池进行充电。
 有益效果
本发明通过采用包括电源模块、主控模块、电位调整模块、电流检测模块、电压检测模块以及输出开关模块的电源适配器，在电源适配器于上电或复位后按照常规充电模式对电池充电的过程中，当电源适配器的输出电流值在预设时间间隔内处于常规电流区间时，电源适配器与电子设备进行快充询问通信，在电子设备向电源适配器发出快充指示命令后，电源适配器根据电子设备所反馈的电池电压信息调整输出电压，并在该输出电压符合电子设备所预设的快充电压条件时，电源适配器按照快速充电模式调整输出电流和输出电压以对电池进行充电，从而实现了对电池进行快速充电以缩短充电时间的目的。
 附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的电源适配器的模块结构图；
图2是图1所示的电源适配器的示例电路结构图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的电子设备充电装置的模块结构图；
图4是图3所示的充电控制模块的示例电路结构图；
图5是图3所示的充电控制模块的另一示例电路结构图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
图1示出了本发明实施例提供的电源适配器的模块结构，为了便于说明，仅示出了与本发明实施例相关的部分，详述如下：
本发明实施例提供的电源适配器100通过其通信接口10与电子设备200的通信接口20连接，并对电子设备200中的电池201进行充电。
电源适配器100包括EMI滤波电路101、高压整流滤波电路102、隔离变压器103、输出滤波电路104以及电压跟踪与控制电路105；市电经过EMI滤波电路101进行电磁干扰滤除后，由高压整流滤波电路102进行整流滤波处理输出高压直流电，该高压直流电通过隔离变压器103电气隔离后输出至输出滤波电路104以进行滤波处理后为电池充电，电压跟踪与控制电路105根据输出滤波电路104的输出电压对隔离变压器103的输出电压进行调整。
电源适配器100还包括电源模块106、主控模块107、电位调整模块108、电流检测模块109、电压检测模块110以及输出开关模块111。
电源模块106的输入端连接隔离变压器103的次级端，主控模块107的电源端、电位调整模块108的电源端以及电流检测模块109的电源端共接于电源模块108的输出端，主控模块107的高电位端和电位调整模块108的高电位端均连接输出滤波电路104的正输出端，电位调整模块108的电位调节端连接电压跟踪与控制电路105，电流检测模块109的直流输入端连接输出滤波电路104的正输出端，电流检测模块109的检流反馈端连接主控模块107的电流检测端，主控模块107的时钟输出端和数据输出端连接电位调整模块108的时钟输入端和数据输入端，电压检测模块110的第一检测端和第二检测端分别连接电流检测模块109的直流输出端和输出滤波电路104的负输出端，电压检测模块110的第一输出端和第二输出端分别连接主控模块107的第一电压检测端和第二电压检测端，输出开关模块111的输入端连接电流检测模块109的直流输出端，输出开关模块111的输出端与输出滤波电路104的负输出端连接通信接口10，且输出开关模块111的输出端连接电压检测模块110的第三检测端，输出开关模块111的接地端连接输出滤波电路 104的负输出端，输出开关模块111的受控端和电源端分别连接主控模块107的开关控制端和隔离变压器103的次级端，输出滤波电路104的输出负端、输出开关模块111的输出端、主控模块107的第一通信端和第二通信端均连接电源适配器 100的通信接口10。
当电源适配器100在上电或复位后对电池201进行充电时，主控模块107控制输出开关模块111关闭电源适配器100的直流电输出，电压检测模块110对电源适配器100的输出电压进行检测并反馈电压检测信号至主控模块107，主控模块107根据上述的电压检测信号判断电源适配器100的输出电压是否大于电压阈值（如2V），是，则主控模块107继续对电源适配器100的输出电压进行判断，否，则主控模块107控制输出开关模块111打开电源适配器100的直流电输出，并通过电位调整模块108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路105将隔离变压器103的输出电压设定为常规输出电压（如5.1V）；电流检测模块109对电源适配器100的输出电流进行检测并反馈电流检测信号至主控模块107，当主控模块107根据上述的电流检测信号判定电源适配器100的输出电流在预设时间间隔内处于常规电流区间时，主控模块107与电子设备200进行快充询问通信，在电子设备200向主控模块107发出快充指示命令后，主控模块107根据电子设备200所反馈的电池电压信息通过电位调整模块108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路105对隔离变压器103的输出电压进行调整，并在电源适配器100的输出电压符合电子设备200所预设的快充电压条件时，主控模块107通过电位调整模块108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路105调整隔离变压器103的输出电压以使电源适配器100按照快充电流值（4A）和快充电压值（3.4V~4.8V）输出直流电。
其中，在电源适配器100在上电或复位后对电池201进行充电时，如果电源适配器100的输出电流值小于电流下限值（如1A），电流检测模块109继续对电源适配器100的输出电流进行检测并反馈电流检测信号至主控模块107；如果电源适配器100的输出电流值大于电流上限值（如4A），主控模块107控制输出开关模块111关闭电源适配器100的直流电输出以实现短路保护。
在上述的主控模块107与电子设备200进行快充询问通信的过程中，主控模块 107向电子设备200发出快充询问指令，电子设备200根据该快充询问指令判断电池201的电压是否达到快充电压值，是，则向主控模块107反馈快充指示命令，否，则向主控模块107反馈快充否决命令。
上述的主控模块107根据电子设备200所反馈的电池电压信息通过电位调整模块108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路105对隔离变压器103的输出电压进行调整的过程中，主控模块107根据电子设备200发出的快充指示命令向电子设备200发送电池电压获取请求，电子设备200根据该电池电压获取请求将电池电压信息反馈至主控模块107，主控模块107根据该电池电压信息通过电位调整模块108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路105将隔离变压器103的输出电压调整为上述的快充电压设定值。
上述的在电源适配器100的输出电压符合电子设备200所预设的快充电压条件（即处于快充电压额定区间或等于快充电压额定值）时，主控模块107通过电位调整模块108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路105调整隔离变压器103的输出电压以使电源适配器100按照快充电流值和快充电压值输出直流电的过程具体为：
主控模块107与电子设备200进行快充电压询问通信，主控模块107将输出电压信息反馈至电子设备200；当电源适配器100的输出电压处于快充电压额定区间或等于快充电压额定值时，电子设备200判定电源适配器100的输出电压符合电子设备200所预设的快充电压条件，并反馈快充模式进入指令至主控模块107；根据该快充模式进入指令，主控模块107通过电位调整模块108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路105调整隔离变压器103的输出电压以使电源适配器100按照快充电流值和快充电压值输出直流电。另外，当电源适配器100的输出电压不符合充电控制模块200所预设的快充电压条件（即不处于快充电压额定区间或不等于快充电压额定值）时，电子设备200发送电压偏差反馈信号至主控模块107，主控模块107根据该电压偏差反馈信号通过电位调整模块108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路105调整隔离变压器103的输出电压后继续与电子设备200进行快充电压询问通信。具体地，电压偏差反馈信号包括电压偏低反馈信号和电压偏高反馈信号，如果电压偏低，则主控模块107根据电压偏低反馈信号通过电位调整模块108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路105调高隔离变压器103的输出电压；如果电压偏高，则主控模块107根据电压偏高反馈信号通过电位调整模块108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路105调低隔离变压器103的输出电压。
进一步地，上述的根据该快充模式进入指令，主控模块107通过电位调整模块 108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路105调整隔离变压器103的输出电压以使电源适配器 100按照快充电流值和快充电压值输出直流电的过程具体为：
主控模块107通过电位调整模块108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路105对隔离变压器 103的输出电压进行调整，从而使电源适配器100的输出电流和输出电压分别调整为快充电流值（如4A）和快充电压值（可以是3.4V~4.8V中的任意值），主控模块107从电子设备200获取电池电压信息，并根据电压检测模块110所反馈的电压检测信号判断电源适配器100的输出电压与电池电压之差是否大于压差阈值（如0.8V），是，则表明电源适配器100与电子设备200及电池201之间的线路阻抗异常，主控模块107控制输出开关模块111关闭适配器100的直流电输出，否，则主控模块107根据电池电压信息通过电位调整模块108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路 105调整隔离变压器103的输出电压，以对电源适配器100的输出电流进行调整，并继续从充电控制模块300获取电池电压信息，以便在对电池201进行快速充电的过程中循环调整电源适配器100的输出电流，从而能够优化对电池201的快速充电进程，以达到缩短充电时间的目的。
此外，在上述的主控模块107通过电位调整模块108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路 105调整隔离变压器103的输出电压以使适配器100按照快充电流值和快充电压值输出直流电的同时，电子设备200对电池201的电压进行检测，如果电池201的电压大于快充阈值电压（如4.35V），则电子设备200停止从电源适配器100引入直流电对电池201进行充电，并反馈快充关闭指令至主控模块107，则主控模块107会根据该快充关闭指令退出快速充电模式，并返回常规充电模式。
图2示出了上述电源适配器100的示例电路结构，为了便于说明，仅示出了与本发明实施例相关的部分，详述如下：
电源模块106包括：
第一电容C1、稳压芯片U1、第二电容C2、第一电感L1、第二电感L2、第一二极管D1、第二二极管D2、第三电容C3、第一电阻R1以及第二电阻R2；
第一电容C1的第一端与稳压芯片U1的输入电源引脚Vin和使能引脚EN的共接点为电源模块106的输入端，第一电容C1的第二端与稳压芯片U1的地引脚GND共接于地，稳压芯片U1的开关引脚SW与第二电容C2的第一端共接于第一电感L1的第一端，稳压芯片U1的内部开关引脚BOOST与第二电容C2的第二端共接于第一二极管D1的阴极，稳压芯片U1的反馈电压引脚FB与第一电阻R1的第一端及第二电阻R2的第一端连接，第一电感L1的第二端与第二二极管D2的阴极共接于第二电感L2的第一端，第二电感L2的第二端与第一二极管D1的阳极、第一电阻R1的第二端及第三电容C3的第一端共接所形成的共接点为电源模块106的输出端，第二二极管D2的阳极与第二电阻R2的第二端及第三电容C3的第二端共接于地。其中，电源模块106以稳压芯片U1为核心对隔离变压器103的次级端电压进行电压变换处理后输出+3.3V的电压为主控模块107、电位调整模块108及电流检测模块109供电；稳压芯片U1具体可以是型号为MCP16301的降压式直流/直流转换器。
主控模块107包括：
主控芯片U2、第三电阻R3、参考电压芯片U3、第四电阻R4、第五电阻R5、第四电容C4、第六电阻R6、第七电阻R7、第一NMOS管Q1、第八电阻R8、第九电阻R9、第十电阻R10、第十一电阻R11、第十二电阻R12、第十三电阻R13以及第十四电阻R14；
主控芯片U3的电源脚VDD为主控模块107的电源端，主控芯片U3的地脚VSS接地，主控芯片U3的第一输入输出脚RA0空接，第三电阻R3的第一端连接主控芯片U3的电源脚VDD，第三电阻R3的第二端与第四电阻R4的第一端共接于参考电压芯片U3的正极CATHODE，参考电压芯片U3的负极ANODE接地，参考电压芯片U3的空接脚NC空接，第四电阻R4的第二端连接主控芯片U2的第二输入输出脚RA1，主控芯片U2的第三输入输出脚RA2为主控模块107的电流检测端，主控芯片U2的第四输入输出脚RA3连接第五电阻R5的第一端，第五电阻R5的第二端与第四电容C4的第一端共接于主控芯片U2的电源脚VDD，第四电容C4的第二端接地，主控芯片U2的第五输入输出脚RA4为主控模块107的开关控制端，主控芯片U2的第六输入输出脚RA5连接第六电阻R6的第一端，第六电阻R6的第二端与第一NMOS管Q1的栅极共接于第七电阻R7的第一端，第七电阻R7的第二端与第一NMOS管Q1的源极共接于地，第一NMOS管Q1的漏极连接第八电阻R8的第一端，第八电阻R8的第二端为主控模块107的高电位端，主控芯片U2的第七输入输出脚RC0和第八输入输出脚RC1分别为主控模块107的时钟输出端和数据输出端，主控芯片U2的第十输入输出脚RC3和第九输入输出脚RC2分别为主控模块107的第一电压检测端和第二电压检测端，主控芯片U2的第十一输入输出脚RC4与第十二输入输出脚RC5分别连接第九电阻R9的第一端和第十电阻R10的第一端，第十一电阻R11的第一端和第十二电阻R12的第一端分别连接第九电阻R9的第二端和第十电阻R10的第二端，第十一电阻R11的第二端和第十二电阻R12的第二端共接于地，第十三电阻R13的第一端和第十四电阻R14的第一端分别连接第九电阻R9的第二端和第十电阻R10的第二端，第十三电阻R13的第二端和第十四电阻R14的第二端共接于主控芯片U2的电源脚VDD，第九电阻R9的第二端和第十电阻R10的第二端分别为主控模块107的第一通信端和第二通信端。其中，主控芯片U2具体可以是型号为PIC12LF1822、PIC12F1822、PIC16LF1823或者PIC16F1823的单片机，参考电压芯片U3可以是型号为LM4040的电压基准器。
电位调整模块108包括：
第十五电阻R15、第十六电阻R16、数字电位器U4、第十七电阻R17、第十八电阻R18、第五电容C5、第六电容C6以及第十九电阻R19；
第十五电阻R15的第一端与第十六电阻R16的第一端、数字电位器U4的电源脚VDD及第五电容C5的第一端的共接点为电位调整模块108的电源端，第五电容 C5的第二端与第六电容C6的第一端、数字电位器U4的地脚VSS以及第十七电阻 R17的第一端共接于地，第六电容C6的第二端连接数字电位器U4的电源脚VDD，第十五电阻R15的第二端与数字电位器U4的串行数据脚SDA的共接点为电位调整模块108的数据输入端，第十六电阻R16的第二端与数字电位器U4的时钟输入脚 SCL的共接点为电位调整模块108的时钟输入端，数字电位器U4的地址零脚A0接地，数字电位器U4的第一电位接线脚P0A与第十八电阻R18的第一端共接于第十七电阻R17的第二端，第十八电阻R18的第二端与数字电位器U4的第二电位接线脚P0B共接于第十九电阻R19的第一端，第十九电阻R19的第二端为电位调整模块108的高电位端，数字电位器U4的电位抽头脚P0W为电位调整模块108的电位调节端。其中，数字电位器U4根据主控芯片U2输出的时钟信号和数据信号调整内部的滑动变阻器，从而使内部滑动变阻器的抽头端（即数字电位器U4的电位抽头脚P0W）的电位发生变化，进而使电压跟踪与控制电路104跟随该电位变化对隔离变压器103的输出电压进行调整；数字电位器U4具体可以是MCP45X1的数字电位器。
电流检测模块109包括：
第二十电阻R20、第二十一电阻R21、第二十二电阻R22、第七电容C7、第八电容C8、检流芯片U5、第二十三电阻R23、第十电容C9、第十电容C10以及第二十四电阻R24；
第二十电阻R20的第一端和第二端分别为电流检测模块109的直流输入端和直流输出端，第二十一电阻R21的第一端和第二十二电阻R22的第一端分别连接第二十电阻R20的第一端和第二端，第二十一电阻R21的第二端与第七电容C7的第一端共接于检流芯片U5的输入正脚IN+，第二十二电阻R22的第二端与第八电容C8的第一端共接于检流芯片U5的输入负脚IN-，检流芯片U5的电源脚V+与第九电容C9的第一端的共接点为电流检测模块109的电源端，检流芯片U5的空接脚NC空接，检流芯片U5的输出脚OUT连接第二十三电阻R23的第一端，第二十三电阻R23的第二端为电流检测模块109的检流反馈端，第十电容C10的第一端与第二十四电阻R24的第一端共接于第二十三电阻R23的第二端，第七电容C7的第二端与第八电容C8的第二端、第九电容C9的第二端、第十电容C10的第二端、第二十四电阻R24的第二端、检流芯片U5的地脚GND、第一基准电压脚REF1及第二基准电压脚REF2共接于地。其中，第二十电阻R20作为检流电阻对输出滤波电路 104的输出电流（即电源适配器100的输出电流）进行采样，再通过检流芯片U5根据第二十电阻R20两端的电压输出电流检测信号至主控芯片U2；检流芯片U5具体可以是型号为INA286的电流分流监控器。
电压检测模块110包括：
第二十五电阻R25、第二十六电阻R26、第十一电容C11、第十二电容C12、第二十七电阻R27以及第二十八电阻R28；
第二十五电阻R25的第一端为电压检测模块110的第一检测端，第二十五电阻 R25的第二端与第二十六电阻R26的第一端及第十一电容C11的第一端的共接点为电压检测模块110的第二输出端，第二十六电阻R26的第二端为电压检测模块 110的第二检测端，第十一电容C11的第二端与第十二电容C12的第一端及第二十七电阻R27的第一端共接于第二十六电阻R26的第二端，第十二电容C12的第二端与第二十七电阻R27的第二端及第二十八电阻R28的第一端的共接点为电压检测模块110的第一输出端，第二十八电阻R28的第二端为电压检测模块110的第三检测端。
输出开关模块111包括：
第二十九电阻R29、第三十电阻R30、第十三电容C13、第三十一电阻R31、第一NPN型三极管N1、第三十二电阻R32、第二NPN型三极管N2、第三二极管D3、稳压二极管ZD、第三十三电阻R33、第三十四电阻R34、第三十五电阻R35、第二NMOS管Q2以及第三NMOS管Q3；
第二十九电阻R29的第一端为输出开关模块111的受控端，第二十九电阻R29的第二端与第三十电阻R30的第一端共接于第一NPN型三极管N1的基极，第十三电容C13的第一端与第三十一电阻R31的第一端及第三十二电阻R32的第一端共接于第三二极管D3的阴极，第三二极管D3的阳极为输出开关模块111的电源端，第三十一电阻R31的第二端与第二NPN型三极管N2的基极共接于第一NPN型三极管N1的集电极，第三十二电阻R32的第二端与稳压二极管ZD的阴极以及第三十三电阻R33的第一端共接于第二NPN型三极管N2的集电极，第三十电阻R30的第二端与第十三电容C13的第二端、第一NPN型三极管N1的发射极、第二NPN型三极管N2的发射极以及稳压二极管ZD的阳极共接于地，第三十三电阻R33的第二端与第三十四电阻R34的第一端、第三十五电阻R35的第一端、第二NMOS管Q2的栅极以及第三NMOS管Q3的栅极共接，第三十四电阻R34的第二端为输出开关模块111的接地端，第二NMOS管Q2的漏极为输出开关模块111的输入端，第二 NMOS管Q2的源极与第三十五电阻R35的第二端共接于第三NMOS管Q3的源极，第三NMOS管Q3的漏极为输出开关模块111的输出端。其中，第二NMOS管Q2和第三NMOS管Q3同时导通或截止以开启或关闭电源适配器100的直流电输出。
图3示出了本发明实施例提供的电子设备充电装置的模块结构，为了便于说明，仅示出了与本发明实施例相关的部分，详述如下：
本发明实施例提供的电子设备充电装置包括电源适配器1和充电控制模块2；电源适配器1通过通信接口10与电子设备3的通信接口20连接，并对电子设备中的电池31进行充电；充电控制模块2内置于电子设备3，并通过电子设备3的通信接口20与电源适配器1连接。电源适配器1与图1和图2所示的电源适配器100的结构相同，因此不再赘述。
当电源适配器1在上电或复位后对电池31进行充电时，主控模块107控制输出开关模块111关闭电源适配器1的直流电输出，电压检测模块110对电源适配器1的输出电压进行检测并反馈电压检测信号至主控模块107，主控模块107根据上述的电压检测信号判断电源适配器1的输出电压是否大于电压阈值（如2V），是，则主控模块107继续对电源适配器1的输出电压进行判断，否，则主控模块107控制输出开关模块111打开电源适配器1的直流电输出，并通过电位调整模块108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路105将隔离变压器103的输出电压设定为常规输出电压（如5.1V）；电流检测模块109对电源适配器100的输出电流进行检测并反馈电流检测信号至主控模块107，当主控模块107根据上述的电流检测信号判定电源适配器1的输出电流在预设时间间隔内处于常规电流区间时，主控模块107与充电控制模块2进行快充询问通信，在电子设备200向主控模块107发出快充指示命令后，主控模块107根据充电控制模块2所反馈的电池电压信息通过电位调整模块 108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路105对隔离变压器103的输出电压进行调整，并在电源适配器1的输出电压符合充电控制模块2所预设的快充电压条件时，主控模块 107通过电位调整模块108驱动电压跟踪与控制电路105调整隔离变压器103的输出电压以使电源适配器100按照快充电流值（4A）和快充电压值（3.4V~4.8V）输出直流电，充电控制模块2同时通过电子设备3的通信接口20从电源适配器1引入直流电对电池31进行充电。
图4示出了上述充电控制模块2的示例电路结构，为了便于说明，仅示出了与本发明实施例相关的部分，详述如下：
充电控制模块2包括：
电池连接器J1、主控制器U6、第十三电容C13、第三十六电阻R36、第三十七电阻R37、第十四电容C14、第一肖特基二极管SD1、第二肖特基二极管SD2、第十五电容C15、第三十八电阻R38、第三十九电阻R39、第四十电阻R40、第三 NPN型三极管N3、第四NMOS管Q4以及第五NMOS管Q5；
电池连接器J1连接电池300的多个电极，电池连接器J1的第一脚5A-1与第二脚 5A-2共接于地，电池连接器J1的第一接地脚GND1和第二接地脚GND2共接于地，主控制器U6的第一输入输出脚RA0与电池连接器J1的第七脚5A-3和第八脚5A-4连接，主控制器U6的第二输入输出脚RA1、第七输入输出脚RC0、第八输入输出脚RC1及第九输入输出脚RC2分别与电池连接器J1的第六脚2A-4、第五脚2A-3、第四脚2A-2及第三脚2A-1连接，主控制器U6的模拟地脚VSS和地脚GND均接地，主控制器U6的第一空接脚NC0和第二空接脚NC1均空接，主控制器U6的电源脚VDD与第十三电容C13的第一端均与电池连接器J1的第七脚5A-3和第八脚5A-4共接，主控制器U6的第四输入输出脚RA3和第十一输入输出脚RC4与电子设备进行数据通信，第三十六电阻R36连接于主控制器U6的第四输入输出脚RA3与电源脚VDD之间，主控制器U6的第六输入输出脚RA5和第十二输入输出脚RC5分别连接适配器100中的主控模块107的第一通信端和第二通信端，第三十七电阻R37的第一端与第三十八电阻R38的第一端共接于主控制器U6的第十输入输出端RC3，第三十七电阻R37的第二端连接主控制器U6的电源脚VDD，第三十八电阻R38的第二端连接第三NPN型三极管N3的基极，主控制器U6的第五输入输出端RA4连接第十四电容C14的第一端，第十四电容C14的第二端与第一肖特基二极管 SD1的阴极共接于第二肖特基二极管SD2的阳极，第三十九电阻 R39的第一端与第十五电容C15的第一端共接于第二肖特基二极管SD2的阴极，第三十九电阻R39的第二端与第四十电阻R40的第一端及第三NPN型三极管N3的集电极均连接第四 NMOS管Q4的栅极和第五NMOS管Q5的栅极，第四十电阻R40的第二端与第十五电容C15的第二端共接于地，第四NMOS管Q4的源极连接第一肖特基二极管SD1的阳极，且还与电池连接器J1的第七脚5A-3和第八脚5A-4连接，第四 NMOS管 Q4的漏极连接第五NMOS管Q5的漏极，第五NMOS管Q5的源极连接电子设备3的通信接口20，第三NPN型三极管N3的发射极连接第三肖特基二极管 SD3的阳极，第三肖特基二极管SD3的阴极接地。其中，主控制器U6具体可以是型号为PIC12LF1501、PIC12F1501、PIC16LF1503、PIC16F1503、PIC16LF1507、PIC16F1507、PIC16LF1508、PIC16F1508、PIC16LF1509或者PIC16F1509的单片机。
上述的充电控制模块2同时通过电子设备3的通信接口20从电源适配器1引入直流电对电池31进行充电是由主控制器U6通过其第五输入输出脚RA4输出控制信号控制第四NMOS管Q4和第五NMOS管Q5导通，并通过其第十输入输出脚RC3控制第三NPN型三极管N3关断，从而通过数据线从适配器1的通信接口10引入直流电对电池31进行充电，由于电池31本身就已经通过电子设备3的通信接口2从电源适配器100获得直流电，所以充电控制模块2引入直流电可以起到进一步增大对电池31的充电电流的作用，从而实现对电池31的快速充电；反之，当需要对电池31进行常规充电时，主控制器U6则通过其第五输入输出脚RA4输出低电平控制第四NMOS管Q4和第五NMOS管Q5关断，并通过其第十输入输出脚RC3输出高电平控制第三NPN型三极管N3导通。
主控制器U6通过其第四输入输出脚RA3和第十一输入输出脚RC4与电子设备进行数据通信，当电子设备的供电部件为电池31时，具体可以是主控制器U6将电池31的电压和电量信息传送给电子设备（如手机），且主控制器U6还可以根据电池31的电压判断电池31是否完成快速充电进程，如果是，则可以反馈快充关断指令告知电子设备将充电模式从快速充电模式切换至常规充电模式；在电源适配器1对电池31进行充电的过程中，如果电源适配器1与电池31之间的突然断开连接，主控制器U6通过电池连接器J1检测电池31的电压并反馈充电终止指令告知电子设备3关闭通信接口20以终止对电池31的充电进程；另外，如果电子设备3能够检测电池31的温度，则会在温度异常时告知主控制器U6将第四NMOS管Q4和第五NMOS管Q5关断以停止对电池31进行快速充电，同时电子设备3将充电模式从快速充电模式切换至常规充电模式。
另外，在电源适配器1工作于快速充电模式，且充电控制模块2从电源适配器1引入直流电对电池31进行充电的过程中，如果电源适配器1的通信接口10的电源线VBUS和地线GND分别与电子设备3的通信接口20的地线GND和电源线VBUS连接（即电源适配器1的通信接口10的电源线VBUS和地线GND分别与充电控制模块2的地和第五NMOS管Q5的源极连接），此时也就是电源适配器1的通信接口10与电子设备3的通信接口20反接，充电控制模块2中的地会接入直流电，而第五NMOS管Q5的源极会接地；为了避免造成元器件损坏的问题，如图5所示，充电控制模块2还可以进一步包括第六NMOS管Q6、第七NMOS管Q7及第四十一电阻R41，第六NMOS管Q6的源极连接第五NMOS管Q5的源极，第六NMOS管 Q6的漏极连接第七NMOS管Q7的漏极，第七NMOS管Q7的源极连接第三NPN型三极管N3的集电极，第六NMOS管Q6的栅极与第七NMOS管Q7的栅极共接于第四十一电阻R41的第一端，第四十一电阻R41的第二端接地。
当出现上述反接问题时，第四十一电阻R41的第二端从地接入直流电以驱动第六NMOS管Q6和第七NMOS管Q7关断，从而使从地进入充电控制模块2的直流电无法形成回路，以达到保护充电控制模块2中的元器件不受损坏的目的。
综上所述，本发明实施例通过采用包括电源模块、主控模块、电位调整模块、电流检测模块、电压检测模块以及输出开关模块的电源适配器，在电源适配器于上电或复位后按照常规充电模式对电池充电的过程中，当电源适配器的输出电流值在预设时间间隔内处于常规电流区间时，电源适配器与电子设备进行快充询问通信，在电子设备向电源适配器发出快充指示命令后，电源适配器根据电子设备所反馈的电池电压信息调整输出电压，并在该输出电压符合电子设备所预设的快充电压条件时，电源适配器按照快速充电模式调整输出电流和输出电压以对电池进行充电，从而实现了对电池进行快速充电以缩短充电时间的目的。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电源适配器，所述电源适配器通过其通信接口与电子设备的通信接口连接，并对所述电子设备中的电池进行充电；所述电源适配器包括EMI滤波电路、高压整流滤波电路、隔离变压器、输出滤波电路以及电压跟踪与控制电路；其特征在于，所述电源适配器还包括电源模块、主控模块、电位调整模块、电流检测模块、电压检测模块以及输出开关模块；
    所述电源模块的输入端连接所述隔离变压器的次级端，所述主控模块的电源端、所述电位调整模块的电源端以及所述电流检测模块的电源端共接于所述电源模块的输出端，所述主控模块的高电位端和所述电位调整模块的高电位端均连接所述输出滤波电路的正输出端，所述电位调整模块的电位调节端连接所述电压跟踪与控制电路，所述电流检测模块的直流输入端连接所述输出滤波电路的正输出端，所述电流检测模块的检流反馈端连接所述主控模块的电流检测端，所述主控模块的时钟输出端和数据输出端连接所述电位调整模块的时钟输入端和数据输入端，所述电压检测模块的第一检测端和第二检测端分别连接所述电流检测模块的直流输出端和所述输出滤波电路的负输出端，所述电压检测模块的第一输出端和第二输出端分别连接所述主控模块的第一电压检测端和第二电压检测端，所述输出开关模块的输入端连接所述电流检测模块的直流输出端，所述输出开关模块的输出端连接所述电压检测模块的第三检测端，所述输出开关模块的接地端连接所述输出滤波电路的负输出端，所述输出开关模块的受控端和电源端分别连接所述主控模块的开关控制端和所述隔离变压器的次级端，所述输出滤波电路的输出负端、所述输出开关模块的输出端、所述主控模块的第一通信端和第二通信端均连接所述电源适配器的通信接口。
    当所述电源适配器在上电或复位后对所述电池进行充电时，所述主控模块控制所述输出开关模块关闭所述电源适配器的直流电输出，所述电压检测模块对所述电源适配器的输出电压进行检测并反馈电压检测信号至所述主控模块，所述主控模块根据所述电压检测信号判断所述电源适配器的输出电压是否大于电压阈值，是，则所述主控模块继续对所述电源适配器的输出电压进行判断，否，则所述主控模块控制所述输出开关模块打开所述电源适配器的直流电输出，并通过所述电位调整模块驱动所述电压跟踪与控制电路将所述隔离变压器的输出电压设定为常规输出电压，所述电流检测模块对所述电源适配器的输出电流进行检测并反馈电流检测信号至所述主控模块，当所述主控模块根据所述电流检测信号判定所述电源适配器的输出电流在预设时间间隔内处于常规电流区间时，所述主控模块与所述电子设备进行快充询问通信，在所述电子设备向所述主控模块发出快充指示命令后，所述主控模块根据所述电子设备所反馈的电池电压信息通过所述电位调整模块驱动所述电压跟踪与控制电路对所述隔离变压器的输出电压进行调整，并在所述电源适配器的输出电压符合所述电子设备所预设的快充电压条件时，所述主控模块通过所述电位调整模块驱动所述电压跟踪与控制电路调整所述隔离变压器的输出电压以使所述电源适配器按照快充电流值和快充电压值输出直流电。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，所述电源模块包括：
    第一电容、稳压芯片、第二电容、第一电感、第二电感、第一二极管、第二二极管、第三电容、第一电阻以及第二电阻；
    所述第一电容的第一端与所述稳压芯片的输入电源引脚和使能引脚的共接点为所述电源模块的输入端，所述第一电容的第二端与所述稳压芯片的地引脚共接于地，所述稳压芯片的开关引脚与所述第二电容的第一端共接于所述第一电感的第一端，所述稳压芯片的内部开关引脚与所述第二电容的第二端共接于所述第一二极管的阴极，所述稳压芯片的反馈电压引脚与所述第一电阻的第一端及所述第二电阻的第一端连接，所述第一电感的第二端与所述第二二极管的阴极共接于所述第二电感的第一端，所述第二电感的第二端与所述第一二极管的阳极、所述第一电阻的第二端及所述第三电容的第一端共接所形成的共接点为所述电源模块的输出端，所述第二二极管的阳极与所述第二电阻的第二端及所述第三电容的第二端共接于地。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，所述主控模块包括：
    主控芯片、第三电阻、参考电压芯片、第四电阻、第五电阻、第四电容、第六电阻、第七电阻、第一NMOS管、第八电阻、第九电阻、第十电阻、第十一电阻、第十二电阻、第十三电阻以及第十四电阻；
    所述主控芯片的电源脚为所述主控模块的电源端，所述主控芯片的地脚接地，所述主控芯片的第一输入输出脚空接，所述第三电阻的第一端连接所述主控芯片的电源脚，所述第三电阻的第二端与所述第四电阻的第一端共接于所述参考电压芯片的正极，所述参考电压芯片的负极接地，所述参考电压芯片U3的空接脚空接，所述第四电阻的第二端连接所述主控芯片的第二输入输出脚，所述主控芯片的第三输入输出脚为所述主控模块的电流检测端，所述主控芯片的第四输入输出脚连接所述第五电阻的第一端，所述第五电阻的第二端与所述第四电的第一端共接于所述主控芯片的电源脚，所述第四电容的第二端接地，所述主控芯片的第五输入输出脚为所述主控模块的开关控制端，所述主控芯片的第六输入输出脚连接所述第六电阻的第一端，所述第六电阻的第二端与所述第一NMOS管的栅极共接于所述第七电阻的第一端，所述第七电阻的第二端与所述第一NMOS管的源极共接于地，所述第一 NMOS管的漏极连接所述第八电阻的第一端，所述第八电阻的第二端为所述主控模块的高电位端，所述主控芯片的第七输入输出脚和第八输入输出脚分别为所述主控模块的时钟输出端和数据输出端，所述主控芯片的第十输入输出脚和第九输入输出脚分别为所述主控模块的第一电压检测端和第二电压检测端，所述主控芯片的第十一输入输出脚与所述第十二输入输出脚分别连接所述第九电阻的第一端和所述第十电阻的第一端，所述第十一电阻的第一端和所述第十二电阻的第一端分别所述连接第九电阻的第二端和所述第十电阻的第二端，所述第十一电阻的第二端和所述第十二电阻的第二端共接于地，所述第十三电阻的第一端和所述第十四电阻的第一端分别连接所述第九电阻的第二端和所述第十电阻的第二端，所述第十三电阻的第二端和所述第十四电阻的第二端共接于所述主控芯片的电源脚，所述第九电阻的第二端和所述第十电阻的第二端分别为所述主控模块的第一通信端和第二通信端。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，所述电位调整模块包括：
    第十五电阻、第十六电阻、数字电位器、第十七电阻、第十八电阻、第五电容、第六电容以及第十九电阻；
    所述第十五电阻的第一端与所述第十六电阻的第一端、所述数字电位器的电源脚及所述第五电容的第一端的共接点为所述电位调整模块的电源端，所述第五电容的第二端与所述第六电容的第一端、所述数字电位器的地脚以及所述第十七电阻的第一端共接于地，所述第六电容的第二端连接所述数字电位器的电源脚，所述第十五电阻的第二端与所述数字电位器的串行数据脚的共接点为所述电位调整模块的数据输入端，所述第十六电阻的第二端与所述数字电位器的时钟输入脚的共接点为所述电位调整模块的时钟输入端，所述数字电位器的地址零脚接地，所述数字电位器的第一电位接线脚与所述第十八电阻的第一端共接于所述第十七电阻的第二端，所述第十八电阻的第二端与所述数字电位器的第二电位接线脚共接于所述第十九电阻的第一端，所述第十九电阻的第二端为所述电位调整模块的高电位端，所述数字电位器的电位抽头脚为所述电位调整模块的电位调节端。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，所述电流检测模块包括：
    第二十电阻、第二十一电阻、第二十二电阻、第七电容、第八电容、检流芯片、第二十三电阻、第十电容、第十电容以及第二十四电阻；
    所述第二十电阻的第一端和第二端分别为所述电流检测模块的直流输入端和直流输出端，所述第二十一电阻的第一端和所述第二十二电阻的第一端分别连接所述第二十电阻的第一端和第二端，所述第二十一电阻的第二端与所述第七电容的第一端共接于所述检流芯片的输入正脚，所述第二十二电阻的第二端与所述第八电容的第一端共接于所述检流芯片的输入负脚，所述检流芯片的电源脚与所述第九电容的第一端的共接点为所述电流检测模块的电源端，所述检流芯片的空接脚空接，所述检流芯片的输出脚连接所述第二十三电阻的第一端，所述第二十三电阻的第二端为所述电流检测模块的检流反馈端，所述第十电容的第一端与所述第二十四电阻的第一端共接于所述第二十三电阻的第二端，所述第七电容的第二端与所述第八电容的第二端、所述第九电容的第二端、所述第十电容的第二端、所述第二十四电阻的第二端、所述检流芯片的地脚、所述第一基准电压脚及所述第二基准电压脚共接于地。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，所述电压检测模块包括：
    第二十五电阻、第二十六电阻、第十一电容、第十二电容、第二十七电阻以及第二十八电阻；
    所述第二十五电阻的第一端为所述电压检测模块的第一检测端，所述第二十五电阻的第二端与所述第二十六电阻的第一端及所述第十一电容的第一端的共接点为所述电压检测模块的第二输出端，所述第二十六电阻的第二端为所述电压检测模块的第二检测端，所述第十一电容的第二端与所述第十二电容的第一端及所述第二十七电阻的第一端共接于所述第二十六电阻的第二端，所述第十二电容的第二端与所述第二十七电阻的第二端及所述第二十八电阻的第一端的共接点为所述电压检测模块的第一输出端，所述第二十八电阻的第二端为所述电压检测模块的第三检测端。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，所述输出开关模块包括：
    第二十九电阻、第三十电阻、第十三电容、第三十一电阻、第一 NPN型三极管、第三十二电阻、第二NPN型三极管、第三二极管、稳压二极管、第三十三电阻、第三十四电阻、第三十五电阻、第二NMOS管以及第三NMOS管；
    所述第二十九电阻的第一端为所述输出开关模块的受控端，所述第二十九电阻的第二端与所述第三十电阻的第一端共接于所述第一NPN型三极管的基极，所述第十三电容的第一端与所述第三十一电阻的第一端及所述第三十二电阻的第一端共接于所述第三二极管的阴极，所述第三二极管的阳极为所述输出开关模块的电源端，所述第三十一电阻的第二端与所述第二NPN型三极管的基极共接于所述第一NPN型三极管的集电极，所述第三十二电阻的第二端与所述稳压二极管的阴极以及所述第三十三电阻的第一端共接于所述第二NPN型三极管的集电极，所述第三十电阻的第二端与所述第十三电容的第二端、所述第一NPN型三极管的发射极、所述第二NPN型三极管的发射极以及所述稳压二极管的阳极共接于地，所述第三十三电阻的第二端与所述第三十四电阻的第一端、所述第三十五电阻的第一端、所述第二NMOS管的栅极以及所述第三NMOS管的栅极共接，所述第三十四电阻的第二端为所述输出开关模块的接地端，所述第二NMOS管的漏极为所述输出开关模块的输入端，所述第二NMOS管的源极与所述第三十五电阻的第二端共接于所述第三NMOS管的源极，所述第三NMOS管的漏极为所述输出开关模块的输出端。
  8. 一种电子设备充电装置，其特征在于，所述电子设备充电装置包括如权利要求1至7所述的电源适配器和充电控制模块；所述电源适配器通过其通信接口与电子设备的通信接口连接，并对所述电子设备中的电池进行充电；所述充电控制模块内置于所述电子设备，并通过所述电子设备的通信接口与所述电源适配器连接；
    当所述电源适配器在上电或复位后对所述电池进行充电时，所述主控模块控制所述输出开关模块关闭所述电源适配器的直流电输出，所述电压检测模块对所述电源适配器的输出电压进行检测并反馈电压检测信号至所述主控模块，所述主控模块根据所述电压检测信号判断所述电源适配器的输出电压是否大于电压阈值，是，则所述主控模块继续对所述电源适配器的输出电压进行判断，否，则所述主控模块控制所述输出开关模块打开所述电源适配器的直流电输出，并通过所述电位调整模块驱动所述电压跟踪与控制电路将所述隔离变压器的输出电压设定为常规输出电压，所述电流检测模块对所述电源适配器的输出电流进行检测并反馈电流检测信号至所述主控模块，当所述主控模块根据所述电流检测信号判定所述电源适配器的输出电流在预设时间间隔内处于常规电流区间时，所述主控模块与所述充电控制模块进行快充询问通信，在所述充电控制模块向所述主控模块发出快充指示命令后，所述主控模块根据所述充电控制模块所反馈的电池电压信息通过所述电位调整模块驱动所述电压跟踪与控制电路对所述隔离变压器的输出电压进行调整，并在所述电源适配器的输出电压符合所述充电控制模块所预设的快充电压条件时，所述主控模块通过所述电位调整模块驱动所述电压跟踪与控制电路调整所述隔离变压器的输出电压以使所述电源适配器按照快充电流值和快充电压值输出直流电，所述充电控制模块同时通过所述电子设备的通信接口从所述电源适配器引入直流电对所述电池进行充电。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电子设备充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电控制模块包括：
    电池连接器、主控制器、第十三电容、第三十六电阻、第三十七电阻、第十四电容、第一肖特基二极管、第二肖特基二极管、第十五电容、第三十八电阻、第三十九电阻、第四十电阻、第三 NPN型三极管、第四NMOS管以及第五NMOS管；
    所述电池连接器连接所述电池的电极，所述电池连接器的第一脚与第二脚共接于地，所述电池连接器的第一接地脚和第二接地脚共接于地，所述主控制器的第一输入输出脚与所述电池连接器的第七脚和第八脚连接，所述主控制器的第二输入输出脚、第七输入输出脚、第八输入输出脚及第九输入输出脚分别与所述电池连接器的第六脚、第五脚、第四脚及第三脚连接，所述主控制器的模拟地脚和地脚均接地，所述主控制器的第一空接脚和第二空接脚均空接，所述主控制器的电源脚与所述第十三电容的第一端均与所述电池连接器的第七脚和第八脚共接，所述主控制器的第四输入输出脚和所述第十一输入输出脚与电子设备进行数据通信，所述第三十六电阻连接于所述主控制器的第四输入输出脚与电源脚之间，所述主控制器的第六输入输出脚和第十二输入输出脚分别连接所述适配器中的主控模块的第一通信端和第二通信端，所述第三十七电阻的第一端与所述第三十八电阻的第一端共接于所述主控制器的第十输入输出端，所述第三十七电阻的第二端连接所述主控制器的电源脚，所述第三十八电阻的第二端连接所述第三NPN型三极管的基极，所述主控制器的第五输入输出端连接所述第十四电容的第一端，所述第十四电容的第二端与所述第一肖特基二极管的阴极共接于所述第二肖特基二极管的阳极，所述第三十九电阻的第一端与所述第十五电容的第一端共接于所述第二肖特基二极管的阴极，所述第三十九电阻的第二端与所述第四十电阻的第一端及所述第三NPN型三极管的集电极均连接所述第四 NMOS管的栅极和所述第五NMOS管的栅极，所述第四十电阻的第二端与所述第十五电容的第二端共接于地，所述第四NMOS管的源极连接所述第一肖特基二极管的阳极，且还与所述电池连接器的第七脚和第八脚连接，所述第四NMOS管的漏极连接所述第五 NMOS管的漏极，所述第五NMOS管的源极连接所述电子设备的通信接口，所述第三NPN型三极管的发射极连接所述第三肖特基二极管的阳极，所述第三肖特基二极管的阴极接地。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电子设备充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电控制模块还包括第六NMOS管、第七NMOS管及第四十一电阻；所述第六NMOS管的源极连接所述第五NMOS管的源极，所述第六 NMOS管的漏极连接所述第七NMOS管的漏极，所述第七NMOS管的源极连接所述第三NPN型三极管的集电极，所述第六NMOS管的栅极与所述第七NMOS管的栅极共接于所述第四十一电阻的第一端，所述第四十一电阻的第二端接地。
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