WO2015113187A1 - 一种以流感病毒为载体的hcv嵌合疫苗及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种以流感病毒为载体的hcv嵌合疫苗及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2015113187A1
WO2015113187A1 PCT/CN2014/000580 CN2014000580W WO2015113187A1 WO 2015113187 A1 WO2015113187 A1 WO 2015113187A1 CN 2014000580 W CN2014000580 W CN 2014000580W WO 2015113187 A1 WO2015113187 A1 WO 2015113187A1
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hcv
gene
influenza virus
cold
virus
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杨鹏辉
张绍庚
王希良
段跃强
张培瑞
李志伟
王兆海
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中国人民解放军第三0二医院
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Definitions

  • the invention relates to an HCV chimeric vaccine using influenza virus as a carrier and a preparation method thereof.
  • Hepatitis C is a deadly killer for human health and life safety. The situation of prevention and control in developing countries is particularly serious.
  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the main pathogen causing chronic liver disease, mainly blood and sexual life mucosa. The route of infection. According to national authorities, there are about 1.7-200 million people in the world who are infected with HCV. The rate of HCV infection in China is about 40 million. After HCV infection, about 50%-85% are converted to chronic liver disease, of which 20%-30% develop liver cirrhosis and some turn to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  • HCC hepatocellular carcinoma
  • the combination of polyethylene glycol, interferon-a and ribavirin is the standard protocol for the treatment of hepatitis C. Its effective rate is only 50%, and the side effects are large, expensive, and there is a high recurrence after stopping the drug. The rate, which many patients with hepatitis C lose their treatment, has become a global and serious public
  • HCV human immunodeficiency virus
  • the genomic structure of HCV is similar to the flavivirus and prion genus. In 1991, the International Virus Nomenclature Committee classified it as the flaviviridae genus hepaciviru S.
  • the HCV genome is a single-stranded positive-strand RNA virus with a genome length of 9.
  • Non-coding region 5, -NCR
  • ORF A continuous open reading frame
  • the HCV C protein consists of 191 amino acid residues and is a relatively conserved structural region of the HCV genome.
  • the 5 '-NCR region is the most conserved, and 3 ' -NCR is indispensable for the normal replication of HCV RNA. Due to the complex pathogenic characteristics of HCV pathogens, the immune control of HCV poses a problem.
  • HCV RNA and viral proteins are highly variable, there are at least 6 genotypes and about 70 gene subtypes.
  • the main popular subtypes in China are lb, 2a.
  • HCV HCV can not be large in vitro Effective breeding and lack of infected cells, animal sensitive models, and chimpanzees are the only animal experimental model of HCV infection, but chimpanzees are protected and difficult to use universally; 4 the immunological mechanism of HCV pathogenesis has not been fully clarified, and sexual life mucosal pathway infection Immunization with vaccination does not produce cross-immunity protection, which severely limits the progress of HCV vaccine development.
  • the application of the E1 envelope glycoprotein can only stimulate the body to produce a weak immune response, suggesting that the heterodimer formed by the E1/E2 envelope glycoprotein may be necessary to stimulate a strong immune response and protection.
  • Another scholar, Lagging, etc. constructed the C gene (1 - 191aa) recombinant plasmid pcDNA HCV Core, 0. 2 mg plasmid intramuscularly immunized BALB /c mice 2-3 times, the mice were sacrificed at the 6th week, can be detected To a higher level of anti-C antibody, antibody titers of 2 or 3 immunizations were similar.
  • influenza virus Compared with other vectors such as adenovirus, vaccinia virus and the like as a vector, the influenza virus does not form a DNA intermediate during the replication cycle, and thus does not integrate into the host chromosome, so that the application is safer.
  • Strategies for influenza virus genome manipulation include: exogenous proteins are embedded in surface glycoproteins NA and HA, additional gene fragments are produced, and non-structural proteins NS1, PB2 gene deletions, etc. are engineered.
  • influenza vaccine candidates capable of achieving effective immunoprotection have been successfully prepared as influenza vaccine vectors, such as influenza chimeric virus (A/B), parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
  • influenza virus Chlamydia, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, malaria, AIDS, B. anthracis and tumors have all been reported, which has broadened the development space for multivalent vaccine research with influenza virus as a carrier.
  • the HIV virus which is mainly based on blood and sexual transmission, Anna L. de Goedea and others inserted the HIV-1 P 17Gag gene into the influenza virus NA gene, and successfully constructed a replication-defective type of influenza virus as a vector.
  • the rFlu-pl7 vaccine candidate strain showed that rFlu-pl7 can induce strong specific humoral and cellular immune responses.
  • the use of influenza virus as a carrier for the development of HCV vaccine has not been reported at home and abroad. Therefore, the use of reverse genetics to prepare influenza virus as a carrier HCV candidate vaccine strain will be a new milestone in the field of HCV vaccine research.
  • the DNA molecule of SEQ ID No. 1 provided by the present invention.
  • a recombinant virus is also within the scope of the present invention, and the virus is prepared as follows:
  • the expression plasmids containing the HA gene of the target influenza virus and the NA gene of the target influenza virus are co-transfected into the host cell, and the recombinant influenza virus is cultured;
  • the NS gene, and the HA gene and the NA gene of the target influenza virus are located on different expression plasmids;
  • the structural protein gene of the HCV is the core protein C whole gene of HCV, the envelope protein E1/E2 whole gene, the dominant epitope gene of core protein C and/or the dominant epitope gene of envelope protein E1/E2.
  • the host cell is a cell co-cultured with MDCK, Vero, 293T, COS cells or MDCK/293T, MDCK/COS;
  • the structural protein gene of the HCV is a fusion gene of the dominant epitope gene of the core protein C of HCV and the dominant epitope gene of the envelope protein E1/E2.
  • the HCV is a type 1 HCV, a type 2 HCV, a type 3 HCV, a type 4 HCV, a type 5 HCV or a type 6 HCV;
  • the type 1 HCV is specifically lb subtype HCV.
  • the nucleotide sequence of the fusion gene of the dominant epitope gene of the core protein C of the HCV and the dominant epitope gene of the envelope protein E1/E2 is as shown in SEQ ID No. 1. Show.
  • the structural protein gene of the HCV is inserted in the open reading frame of the cold-adapted, attenuated influenza virus NS gene from the 5' end to the 375th to the 376th nucleoside Between acid;
  • the structural protein gene of the HCV and the 375th nucleotide from the 5' end of the open reading frame of the NS gene of the cold-adapted, attenuated influenza virus are linked with a 5'-UAAUG-3'sequence; and / or,
  • the structural protein gene of HCV is to replace the 223th nucleotide to the 760th nucleotide from the 5' end of the open reading frame of the M gene of the cold-adapted, attenuated influenza virus;
  • the structural protein gene of the HCV replaces the nucleotide 184th to the 1253th nucleotide from the 5' end of the open reading frame of the NA gene of the target influenza virus.
  • the cold-adapted or attenuated influenza virus is a cold-adapted, attenuated influenza A virus or a cold-adapted, attenuated influenza B virus;
  • the cold-adapted and attenuated influenza A virus is specifically a cold-adapted, attenuated influenza virus of Roya type, and further a cold-adapted, attenuated influenza virus strain A/Ann Arbor/6/60 (H2N2);
  • the target influenza virus is influenza A virus or influenza B virus, and the influenza A virus is specifically any one of HI subtype-H16 subtype, and specifically H1N1 subtype influenza virus, and specifically influenza Viral strain A/Cal ifornia/07/2009 (H1N1);
  • the target influenza virus is a common wild-type influenza virus that has not been subjected to any treatment (e.g., without attenuation, without cold adaptation).
  • the structural protein gene of the HCV is inserted in the open reading frame of the cold-adapted, attenuated influenza virus NS gene from the 5' end to the 375th to the 376th nucleoside
  • the resulting sequence between the acids is shown in nucleotides 51-1466 of SEQ ID No. 2;
  • the structural protein gene of HCV is a sequence obtained by replacing the nucleotides 223 to 760 of the open reading frame of the M gene of the cold-adapted and attenuated influenza virus from the 5' end to the 760th nucleotide.
  • the nucleotides 40 to 1053 of ID No. 3 are shown;
  • the structural protein gene of the HCV replaces the nucleotide sequence of the 184th nucleotide to the 1253th nucleotide from the 5' end of the open reading frame of the NA gene of the target influenza virus as SEQ ID No. 4 Shown at nucleotides 35-944.
  • the PB2 gene, the PB1 gene, the PA gene, the NP gene, the M gene, the NS gene, the HA gene or the NA gene are ligated to the 3' NCR sequences of the respective genes at their 5' ends, 5' NCR sequences of the respective genes are linked at their respective 3' ends;
  • the starting plasmid of the expression plasmid is a bidirectional transcription expression vector PAD3000;
  • each gene was inserted into the BsnS site of the bidirectional transcription expression vector PAD3000.
  • a chimeric vaccine prepared by the virus of any of the above is also within the scope of the present invention.
  • the above DNA molecule should be used in the preparation of a product for preventing and/or treating diseases caused by influenza virus and/or HCV. Use also falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.
  • influenza virus is an influenza A virus or a influenza B virus, and the influenza A virus is specifically any one of the HI subtype-H16 subtype;
  • the HCV is a type 1 HCV, a type 2 HCV, a type 3 HCV, a type 4 HCV, a type 5 HCV or a type 6 HCV; the type 1 HCV is specifically a lb subtype HCV.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a recombinant strategy for constructing a HCV chimeric vaccine based on influenza virus.
  • PAD3000 is disclosed in the literature "Hoffmann E, Mahmood K, Yang CF, Webster RG, Greenberg HB, Kemble G. Rescue of influenza B virus from eight plasmids. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2002 ; 99 (17) : 11411 - 6. The public can be obtained from the Academy of Military Medical Sciences of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.
  • mice were purchased from the Experimental Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences.
  • Snow shoals from 10-12 weeks old were purchased from Angora Anglu, Wuxi, China.
  • influenza strain A/Cal ifornia/07/2009 was provided by the National Influenza Centre in 2012-2013 and is available to the public from the Academy of Military Medical Sciences of the People's Liberation Army.
  • the HA and NA genes of the virus strain were amplified and inserted into the Bsi site of the bidirectional transcription/expression vector pAD3000 to construct the recombinant plasmids pD-HA and pD-NA.
  • H2N2 Cold-adapted, attenuated influenza strain A/Ann Arbor/6/60 (H2N2) (abbreviated A/AA/6/60) in the literature "Yang P, Duan Y, Wang C, Xing L, Gao X, Tang C, Luo D, Zhao Z, Jia W, Peng D, Liu X, Wang X. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of al ive attenuated vaccine against the 2009 pandemic A H1N1 in mice and ferrets. Vaccine. 2011 Jan 17 ; 29 (4) : 698 -705. "Disclosed in public, the public can be obtained from the Academy of Military Medical Sciences of the People's Liberation Army.
  • the six internal genes PB2, PB1, PA, NP, NS and M of the virus strain were inserted into the ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4? ⁇ site of the bidirectional transcription/expression vector pAD3000, respectively, and the recombinant plasmid pD-PB2 and pD-PBU pD of the virus were constructed.
  • HCV-C/E1/E2 dominant epitope sequence in HCV of lb subtype is shown in SEQ ID No. 1, and is verified by animal experiments and clinical patient serum, which meets the requirements of the next experiment.
  • the NS1 gene fragment of cold-adapted and attenuated influenza virus strain A/AA/6/60 was used as a target for insertion of the HCV-C/E1/E2 dominant epitope gene, and the recombinant plasmid PC/E1/ was constructed by molecular biological methods.
  • E2-NS1 the specific strategy is shown in Figure 1A.
  • the HCV-C/E1/E2 dominant epitope gene obtained above is inserted into the NS gene open reading frame (0RF) of the cold-adapted, attenuated influenza virus strain A/AA/6/60 from the 5' end.
  • the linker (5 ' -UAAUG-3 ' ) is added in the middle.
  • the linker has both a terminator and a promoter.
  • the NS gene open reading frame starts at the 5' end.
  • the constructed recombinant plasmid was named pC/El/E2-NS1.
  • the DNA molecule shown in SEQ ID No. 2 is synthesized, and the first to the 24th positions in the SEQ ID No. 2 from the 5' end are the cleavage sites, and the 25th to the 51st position are the NS genes.
  • positions 51 to 425 are the first to the 375th nucleosides from the 5' end of the cold-adapted, attenuated influenza virus strain A/AA/6/60 NS gene open reading frame (0RF) Acid
  • the 426th to the 430th is the linker
  • the 431th to the 100thth are the HCV-C/E1/E2 dominant epitope genes
  • the 100th to the 1466th are the NS gene open reading frame (0RF).
  • the 1467th to the 1495th are the 5' NCR of the NS gene, and the 1496th to the 1517th cleavage sites.
  • Recombinant plasmid pD-PB2 constructed by recombinant plasmid pC/El/E2-NS1 and cold-adapted and attenuated influenza virus strain A/AA/6/60 internal viral gene backbone PB2, PB1, PA, NP and M, respectively , pD-PBl, pD-PA, pD-NP, pD-M, and the recombinant plasmid pD-HA and pD-NA constructed by the HA and NA genes of the influenza virus strain A/California/07/2009 (H1N1), a total of 8 plasmids each 0.
  • the vaccine strain obtained in the third step was identified, and the virus morphology was observed by electron microscopy. The results showed that the vaccine strain conformed to the typical morphological characteristics of the influenza virus, and the virus particle size was between 80-120 nm.
  • rFLU-HCV/NS1 Inoculate rFLU-HCV/NS1 into SP-11 chicken embryos of 9-11 days old (purchased from Beijing Experimental Animal Research Center), take the second generation chicken embryo allantoic fluid to extract viral RNA, and amplify PB2 by RT-PCR.
  • PB1 PA, NP, HA,
  • the rFLU-HCV/NSl is cultured in large quantities in chicken embryos, concentrated by ultrafiltration, purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation, and run on SDS-PAGE. After gel staining and decolorization, NP, HA1, HA2 and NEP can be detected. The protein indicates that the main component of the antigen has not been lost.
  • rFLU-HCV/NS1 was inoculated into MDCK cells or 9-11 day old chicken embryos, and cultured at 25, 33, 37 and 39 °C for 3 days, and the cell supernatant or chicken embryo allantoic fluid was collected to determine the virus titer. The results showed that the vaccine strain had a ts, ca phenotype. At the same time, the vaccine strain exhibited an attenuated phenotype in BALB/c mice and ferrets.
  • mice Eight, rFLU-HCV/NSl immune effect in mice
  • the attenuated live vaccine formulation of the vaccine was prepared after concentration of rFLU-HCV/NS1 by ultrafiltration and sucrose density gradient centrifugation.
  • mice 6-8 weeks old BALB/c mice were selected and divided into vaccine group and control group, with 20 rats in each group.
  • Vaccine group The vaccine was intranasally immunized with BALB/c mice, immunized twice, at intervals of 2 weeks, each dose was
  • the immune volume is 20 ⁇ 1.
  • Control group PBS was used instead of vaccine, and the immunization mode, immune volume and immunization time were consistent with the vaccine group.
  • the vaccine group and the control group were collected from the tail vein of the mouse two weeks after the initial immunization and two weeks after the second immunization, and the serum of each group of mice was collected by centrifugation.
  • the antibody titer against wild-type influenza virus A/California/07/2009 was determined by HI method, and the specific antibody production against HCV in serum was detected by micro-neutralization method. As shown in Table 1.
  • Table 1 shows that after immunization of animals with HCV chimeric vaccine (rFLU-HCV/NSl) with influenza virus as carrier, antibody titers against HCV and influenza virus can be detected in serum, indicating that the vaccine can induce the body to produce The dual immune response of HCV and influenza virus.
  • Experimental Example 2 Preparation of HCV chimeric vaccine with chimeric HCV-C/E1/E2 dominant epitopes based on influenza virus rFLU-HCV/M
  • HCV-C/E1/E2 dominant epitope sequence of HCV-type HCV is shown in SEQ ID No. 1, and is verified by immunized animals according to the method of Step 1 of Example 1, which meets the requirements of the next experiment.
  • the M gene fragment of cold-adapted and attenuated influenza virus strain A/AA/6/60 was used as a target for insertion of the HCV-C/E1/E2 dominant epitope gene, and the recombinant plasmid PC/E1/ was constructed by molecular biological method.
  • E2-M the specific strategy is shown in Figure 1B.
  • the HCV-C/E1/E2 dominant epitope gene obtained above is inserted into the 222th nucleoside of the M gene open reading frame (0RF) of the cold-adapted, attenuated influenza virus strain A/AA/6/60.
  • the constructed recombinant plasmid was named pC/El/E2_M between the acid and the latter 222 nucleotides.
  • the DNA molecule shown in SEQ ID No. 3 is synthesized, and the first to the 14th position from the 5' end in the SEQ ID No. 3 is the restriction site, and the 15th to the 39th are the M gene. 3 ' NCR, position 40 to 261 is the cold-adapted, attenuated influenza virus strain A/AA/6/60 M gene open reading frame (0RF) from the 5th end from the 1st to the 222th nucleus Glycosylate, 262th to 831th are HCV-C/E1/E2 dominant epitope genes, and positions 832 to 1053 are cold-adapted, attenuated influenza virus strain A/AA/6/60 M gene open From the 5' end of the reading frame (0RF), from the 761th to the 982th nucleotide, the 1054th to the 1074th are the 5' NCR of the M gene, and the 1075th to the 1088th are the cleavage sites. .
  • Recombinant plasmid pD- constructed by recombinant plasmid PC/E1/E2-M and internal viral gene backbone PB2, PB1, PA, NP and NS of cold-adapted and attenuated influenza virus strain A/AA/6/60, respectively.
  • Recombinant plasmid pD-HA, pD- constructed by HA, NA gene of PB2, pD-PB1, pD-PA, pD-NP, pD-NS, and influenza virus A/Calif ornia/07/2009 (HlNl) NA, 8 plasmids were co-transfected into MDCK cells according to the method of step 3 of Example 1, 37 ° C, 5% CO 2 , cultured for 48-60 h, cell suspension was obtained, and the cell suspension was inoculated into 9-day-old SPF chicken. Embryo, cultured at 35 °C for 72 h, harvested chicken embryo allantoic fluid to obtain chimeric HCV-C/E1/E2 dominant epitope HCV chimeric vaccine strain (rFLU-HCV/M).
  • the vaccine strain obtained in the third step was identified, and the virus morphology was observed by electron microscopy. The results showed that the vaccine strain conformed to the typical morphological characteristics of the influenza virus.
  • rFLU-HCV/M Inoculate rFLU-HCV/M with 9-11 days old SPF chicken embryo (purchased from Beijing Experimental Animal Research Center), take the second generation chicken embryo allantoic fluid to extract viral RNA, and amplify PB2 by RT-PCR. Eight gene fragments of PB1, PA, NP, HA, NA, M and NS1 were sent to the company for sequencing, and the results were consistent with the expected gene sequence.
  • rFLU-HCV/M Sixth, rFLU-HCV/M was cultured in large quantities in chicken embryos, concentrated by ultrafiltration, purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation, and run on SDS-PAGE. The main components of the antigen exist.
  • rFLU-HCV/M was inoculated with MDCK cells or 9-11 day old chicken embryos, and cultured at 25, 33, 37 and 39 °C for 3 days, and the cell supernatant or chicken embryo allantoic fluid was collected to determine the virus titer. The results showed that the vaccine strain had a ts, ca phenotype. At the same time, the vaccine strain exhibited an attenuated phenotype in BALB/c mice and ferrets.
  • the rFLU-HCV/M was purified by ultrafiltration and purified by sucrose density gradient centrifugation to prepare a live attenuated vaccine dosage form of the vaccine.
  • mice 6-8 weeks old BALB/c mice were selected and divided into vaccine group and control group, with 20 rats in each group.
  • mice were immunized with rFLU-HCV/M according to the method of Step 8 of Example 1, and a control group was set as in Example 1.
  • the vaccine group and the control group were collected from the tail vein of the mouse two weeks after the initial immunization and two weeks after the second immunization, and the serum of each group of mice was collected by centrifugation.
  • the second dose ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 Table 2 shows that after immunizing animals with HCV chimeric vaccine (rFLU-HCV/M) with influenza virus as carrier, antibody titers against HCV and influenza virus can be detected in serum, indicating that the vaccine After immunization, the body can be induced to produce a dual immune response against HCV and influenza virus.
  • Example 3 Preparation of HCV chimeric vaccine with chimeric HCV-C/E1/E2 dominant epitopes based on influenza virus rFLU-HCV/NA preparation
  • HCV-C/E1/E2 dominant epitope sequence of HCV-type HCV is shown in SEQ ID No. 1, and is verified by immunized animals according to the method of Step 1 of Example 1, which meets the requirements of the next experiment.
  • the NA gene fragment of A/Calif ornia/07/2009 was used as a target for insertion of the HCV-C/E1/E2 dominant epitope gene, and the recombinant plasmid PC/E1/E2-NA was constructed by molecular biological methods. The specific strategy is shown in Figure 1C.
  • the HCV-C/E1/E2 dominant epitope gene obtained above was inserted into the 183th nucleus of the NA gene open reading frame (0RF) of the influenza virus strain H1N1 subtype A/Calif ornia/07/2009. Between the nucleotide and the nucleotide 157, the constructed recombinant plasmid was named pC/El/E2-NA.
  • the DNA molecule shown in SEQ ID No. 4 is synthesized, and the first to the 14th position from the 5' end in the SEQ ID No. 4 is the restriction site, and the 15th to the 35th position are the NA gene.
  • the 35th to the 217th are the first to the 183th nucleotide from the 5' end of the NA gene open reading frame (0RF) of the influenza virus H1N1 subtype
  • the 218th to The 787th position is the HCV-C/E1/E2 dominant epitope gene
  • the 788th to 944th positions are the 1254th to 14th nucleotides from the 5' end of the NA gene open reading frame (0RF).
  • the 945th to the 975th positions are the 5' NCR of the NA gene, and the 976th to the 987th are the cleavage sites.
  • the vaccine strain obtained in the third step was identified, and the virus morphology was observed by electron microscopy. The results showed that the vaccine strain conformed to the typical morphological characteristics of the influenza virus.
  • rFLU-HCV/NA Inoculate rFLU-HCV/NA with 9-11 days old SPF chicken embryo (purchased from Beijing Experimental Animal Research Center), take the second generation chicken embryo allantoic fluid to extract viral RNA, and amplify PB2 by RT-PCR. Eight gene fragments of PB1, PA, NP, HA, NA, M and NS1 were sent to the company for sequencing, and the results were consistent with the expected gene sequence.
  • the rFLU-HCV/NA was cultured in large quantities by chicken embryos, concentrated by ultrafiltration, purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation, and then run on SDS-PAGE to observe the main components of the antigen.
  • rFLU-HCV/NA was inoculated into MDCK cells or 9-11 day old chicken embryos, and cultured for 3 days at 25, 33, 37 and 39 °C, respectively, and the cell supernatant or chicken embryo allantoic fluid was collected to determine the virus titer.
  • the results showed that the vaccine strain had a ts, ca phenotype. At the same time, the vaccine strain exhibited an attenuated phenotype in BALB/c mice and ferrets.
  • the rFLU-HCV/NA was concentrated by ultrafiltration and purified by sucrose density gradient centrifugation to prepare a live attenuated vaccine formulation of the vaccine.
  • mice 6-8 weeks old BALB/c mice were selected and divided into vaccine group and control group, with 20 rats in each group.
  • mice were immunized with rFLU-HCV/NA according to the method of the eighth step of Example 1, and a control group was set as in Example 1.
  • the vaccine group and the control group were collected from the tail vein of the mouse two weeks after the initial immunization and two weeks after the second immunization, and the serum of each group of mice was collected by centrifugation.
  • the second dose ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 Table 3 shows that after immunizing animals with HCV chimeric vaccine (rFLU-HCV/NA) with influenza virus as carrier, antibody titers against HCV and influenza virus can be detected in serum, indicating that the vaccine After immunization, the body can be induced to produce a dual immune response against HCV and influenza virus.
  • HCV chimeric vaccine rFLU-HCV/NA
  • the HCV chimeric vaccine of the invention can cover the pathogen of HCV infectious diseases, protect more people from influenza virus and HCV, and lays a foundation for achieving the purpose of "one seedling dual purpose” or "one seedling multipurpose”.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种以流感病毒为载体的HCV嵌合疫苗及其制备方法。本发明还提供了SEQ ID No.1所示的DNA分子。

Description

一种以流感病毒为载体的 HCV嵌合疫苗及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种以流感病毒为载体的 HCV嵌合疫苗及其制备方法。
背景技术
丙肝是危害人类健康和生命安全的致命杀手, 在发展中国家防控形势尤为严峻, 而丙型肝炎病毒( Hepatitis C virus, HCV) 是引起慢性肝病的主要病原体, 以血液、 性生活黏膜为主要感染传播途径。 据国家权威机构报告, 全世界约有 1. 7-2. 0亿人为 HCV感染者, 我国 HCV感染者率约在 4000万以上。 HCV感染后, 约 50%-85%转为慢性 肝病, 其中 20%-30% 发展为肝硬化, 部分转为肝细胞肝癌 (HCC)。 目前, 聚乙二醇、 干扰素 -a和利巴韦林联合应用是丙型肝炎治疗的标准方案, 其有效率仅为 50%, 且副 作用大, 费用昂贵, 停药后有很高的复发率, 由此许多丙肝患者失去治疗机会, 已成 为全球性的、 严峻的公共卫生问题。
目前, 疫苗接种是预防和控制传染病的最有效措施。
在过去数十年中, 重组乙肝疫苗的广泛应用大大降低了乙肝感染率和发病率, 为 人类健康作出了巨大贡献。然而, 对于丙型肝炎而言, 至今还没有被批准使用的疫苗, 但对于疫苗的研究一直是国际社会关注的热点。 当前, HCV 疫苗的研究主要集中在合 成多肽疫苗、 重组多表位疫苗、 核酸疫苗、 病毒载体疫苗等, 已有几个试验疫苗正在 临床前或进入临床研究阶段。 从已有研究结果显示, 至今没有突破性进展, 仍停滞不 前, 有诸多关键技术瓶颈问题亟待解决。 从研究看, 由于 HCV的基因组变异率高, 交 叉免疫保护抗原差, 尚缺乏有效的敏感细胞和动物感染模型, 对其细胞免疫和体液免 疫应答在 HCV感染恢复中的作用仍不十分清楚, 使以诱导保护性抗体产生为目的的预 防性疫苗和 /或治疗性疫苗的研究步履艰难。此外, 已有研究的 HCV疫苗免疫后诱发机 体产生免疫效果差、 免疫保护不全面、 且注射不能产生有效的黏膜免疫和细胞免疫效 果, 给丙肝疫苗的研究提出了挑战。 因此, 发展安全、 有效的丙肝疫苗已成为当今生 命科学亟待解决的重大科学问题。
HCV的基因组结构类似黄病毒属和瘟病毒属, 1991 年国际病毒命名委员会将其归 为黄病毒科(flaviciridae)丙型肝炎病毒属(hepaciviruS)。 HCV 基因组为单股正链 RNA病毒, 基因组全长 9. 6 kb, 其 5' 端有一个 319— 341 nt结构较为保守的非编码区 (Non-coding region, 5, -NCR), 后面为一个连续的开放阅读框架 (open reading frame, 0RF), 可编码一个多聚蛋白前体, 此多聚蛋白前体由宿主和病毒的信号肽酶剪 接成 3个结构蛋白 (Core、 El、 E2 ) 和 7个非结构蛋白 (P7、 NS2、 NS3、 NS4A、 NS4B、 NS5A、 NS5B)。 HCV C蛋白由 191个氨基酸残基组成, 是 HCV基因组中较为保守的结构 区域。 5 ' -NCR 区最为保守, 而 3 ' -NCR对于 HCV RNA 的正常复制是不可缺少的。 由 于 HCV病原体复杂的感染致病特点, 给 HCV的免疫防控带来了难题。
HCV 基因序列的高度变异性, 丙肝疫苗的研制面临很多挑战: ① HCV RNA和病 毒蛋白变异性很大, 至少存在 6种基因型及大约 70种基因亚型, 中国主要流行亚型是 lb, 2a, 也有其他亚型感染报道; ② HCV准种的存在也是产生宿主免疫逃逸及容易导 致慢性感染的机制之一, 严重影响了 HCV疫苗发展及 HCV预防和治疗的成功率; ③ HCV 在体外不能大量有效繁殖和缺乏感染的细胞、动物敏感模型,而黑猩猩是 HCV感染的唯 一动物实验模型, 但黑猩猩受到保护而难以普遍使用; ④ HCV致病的免疫学机制尚未 完全澄清, 且性生活黏膜途径感染对注射疫苗免疫不能产生交叉免疫保护, 这些都严 重限制了 HCV 疫苗研发的进程。
在过去数年中, HCV疫苗的研究一直是科学家们关注的焦点。在早期的研究中, 以 真核表达 E1/E2免疫原为主, Ralston等用重组痘苗病毒载体转染哺乳动物细胞表达了 HCV全长结构蛋白, 发现虽可获得高效表达, 所表达的 E1和 E2包膜糖蛋白易形成复合 物,用纯化的包膜糖蛋白 E1/E2复合物免疫黑猩猩可产生高滴度的抗 E1和 E2抗体。而应 用 E1包膜糖蛋白仅能剌激机体产生弱的免疫反应,提示 E1/E2包膜糖蛋白形成的异源二 聚体可能对激发强免疫应答与保护是必要的。 另有学者 Lagging等构建了 C基因 (第 1 - 191aa) 重组质粒 pcDNA HCV Core, 0. 2 mg 质粒肌肉注射免疫 BALB /c 小鼠 2-3 次 后, 于第 6周处死小鼠, 可检测到较高水平的抗 C抗体, 免疫 2次或 3次的抗体滴度相似。 以上实验说明, HCV C区构建的重组质粒均能在真核细胞中表达, 且能诱导出特异性体 液免疫和细胞免疫应答, 但未能保护性传播途径的黏膜免疫保护。 也有学者 Duenas-Carrera等运用编码 HCV-C, E蛋白的 DNA疫苗免疫兔子和恒河猴,初次免疫 28周 后, 所有兔子产生了较强的抗 C、 E反应, 免疫 52周后, 恒河猴出现高滴度的抗 HCV结构 区抗原的抗体。 近年来, 人们在临床研究方面也取得了一定成果, Leroux-Roels等在 I期临床中, 用 lb型 El ( aal92 - 326)的共同序列在重组痘苗病毒中表达纯化后对 20 位志愿者肌肉注射后, 结果提示三次免疫后可以引起明显的 E1抗体反应,通过第 4次加 强免疫后反应增强, 在所有的志愿者中都可以诱发针对 E1的强烈的细胞免疫反应, 在 临床应用中 E1治疗性候选疫苗具有良好的安全性和免疫效果方面。 Baryluk等用含有 HCV E1的质粒和重组腺病毒进行的治疗性疫苗的研究, 在 I期临床研究证明安全性的基 础上并已进入 II期临床研究。 在 II期临床研究中, 重组的 E1疫苗可激发强烈的针对 E1 的 T细胞反应, 部分病人血清 ALT水平明显下降。 2012年的《科学- -转化医学》杂志上, 英国牛津大学等机构的研究人员报告了他们研发的一种 HCV疫苗临床试验取得的结果, 该疫苗是以一种黑猩猩腺病毒为载体模仿了其内部相对长期稳定不变的结构, 临床试 验取得初步成效, 41名志愿者接种疫苗后, 跟踪研究发现疫苗效果至少能持续一年, 并且副作用明显减弱,但 DNA疫苗安全性及全面应答与保护受限。尽管以上临床前及进 入临床研究的这些 HCV候选疫苗取得了重要进展,但疫苗免疫后诱发机体产生免疫效果 欠佳、 交叉免疫保护不全面、 注射免疫不能产生有效的黏膜免疫细胞免疫效应, 并且 腺病毒为载体的 DNA 疫苗存在潜在安全隐患等问题。
近年来, 反向遗传学技术 (Reverse genetics, RG) 在流感病毒领域广泛应用。 美国 Medimmune公司是 RG技术用于疫苗研制领域最成功的典范, 2003年 6月, 该公司生 产的流感三价减毒活疫苗 Flumist被 FDA批准和投入使用, 适用于 2-49岁人群, 通过鼻 腔免疫, 使用简便, 应用广泛, 临床实验结果显示具有安全、 有效和交叉免疫保护效 果, 使得以冷适应流感减毒活疫苗为递送系统表达外源基因研制其他疫苗带来了新的 契机。 与其他载体如腺病毒, 痘苗病毒等逆转录病毒为载体相比, 流感病毒在复制周 期不会形成 DNA中间产物, 由此不会整合进宿主的染色体, 使得应用更好的安全性。用 于流感病毒基因组操作的策略有: 外源蛋白嵌入表面糖蛋白 NA和 HA, 产生另外的基因 片段, 改造非结构蛋白 NS1, PB2基因缺失等。 目前, 已有大量报道将流感病毒作为病 毒疫苗载体成功制备了能够达到有效免疫保护的重组嵌合疫苗候选株, 如流感嵌合体 病毒 (A/B)、 副流感、 呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV)、 衣原体、 结核杆菌、 疟疾、 艾滋、 B. anthracis和肿瘤等均有报道, 为以流感病毒为载体的多价疫苗研究拓宽了发展空间。 值得我们注意的是, 同样是以血液、 性传播途径为主的 HIV病毒, Anna L. de Goedea 等将 HIV-1 P17Gag基因插入流感病毒 NA基因, 成功构建了流感病毒为载体的复制缺陷 型 rFlu-pl7疫苗候选株, 结果表明 rFlu-pl7能够诱导产生较强的特异性体液免疫和细 胞免疫反应。 而将流感病毒作为 HCV疫苗研制的载体, 在国内外还未见报道。 所以, 采 用反向遗传技术制备流感病毒为载体的 HCV候选疫苗株将是 HCV疫苗研究领域的新里程 碑。
发明公开
本发明的目的是提供一种以流感病毒为载体的 HCV嵌合疫苗及其制备方法。
本发明提供的 SEQ ID No. 1所示的 DNA分子。
一种重组病毒也属于本发明的保护范围, 该病毒按照如下方法制备:
将分别含有冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 PB2基因、 冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 PB1基 因、 冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 PA基因、 冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 NP基因、 冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 M基因和冷适应、减毒流感病毒的 NS基因的表达质粒, 以及分别含有 靶标流感病毒的 HA基因和靶标流感病毒的 NA基因的表达质粒共转染宿主细胞, 培养 得到重组流感病毒;
在如下所述基因中的至少一种基因的开放读码框中的任意位置插入或替换为 HCV 的结构蛋白基因:
( 1 ) 所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 PB2基因;
( 2 ) 所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 PB1基因;
( 3 ) 所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 PA基因;
( 4 ) 所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 NP基因;
( 5 ) 所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 M基因;
( 6 ) 所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 NS基因;
( 7 ) 所述靶标流感病毒的 HA基因;
( 8 ) 所述靶标流感病毒的 NA基因;
所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 PB2基因、 PB1基因、 PA基因、 NP基因、 M基因和
NS基因, 以及靶标流感病毒的 HA基因和 NA基因位于不同的表达质粒上;
所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因为 HCV的核心蛋白 C全基因、 包膜蛋白 E1/E2全基因、 核心蛋白 C的优势抗原表位基因和 /或包膜蛋白 E1/E2的优势抗原表位基因。
上述病毒中,所述宿主细胞为 MDCK、 Vero、 293T、 COS细胞或 MDCK/293T、 MDCK/COS 共培养的细胞;
所述 HCV 的结构蛋白基因为 HCV 的核心蛋白 C 的优势抗原表位基因和包膜蛋白 E1/E2的优势抗原表位基因的融合基因。
上述任一所述的病毒中, 所述 HCV为 1型 HCV、 2型 HCV、 3型 HCV、 4型 HCV、 5型 HCV 或 6型 HCV;
所述 1型 HCV具体为 lb亚型 HCV。
上述任一所述的病毒中, 所述 HCV的核心蛋白 C的优势抗原表位基因和包膜蛋白 E1/E2的优势抗原表位基因的融合基因的核苷酸序列如 SEQ ID No. 1所示。
上述任一所述的病毒中, 所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因插在所述冷适应、 减毒流感病 毒的 NS基因的开放读码框的自 5 ' 末端起第 375位至第 376位核苷酸之间;
所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因与所述冷适应、减毒流感病毒的 NS基因的开放读码框的 自 5 ' 末端起第 375位核苷酸之间连有 5 ' - UAAUG -3 ' 序列; 和 /或,
所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因是将所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 M基因的开放读码框 的自 5 ' 末端起第 223位核苷酸至第 760位核苷酸替换;
和 /或,
所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因将所述靶标流感病毒的 NA基因的开放读码框的自 5 ' 末 端起第 184位核苷酸至第 1253位核苷酸替换。
上述任一所述的病毒中, 所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒为冷适应、 减毒 A型流感病 毒或冷适应、 减毒 B型流感病毒;
所述冷适应、 减毒 A型流感病毒具体为羅亚型冷适应、 减毒流感病毒, 再具 体为冷适应、 减毒流感病毒株 A/Ann Arbor/6/60 (H2N2);
所述靶标流感病毒为 A型流感病毒或 B型流感病毒,所述 A型流感病毒具体为 HI 亚型 -H16 亚型中的任意一种, 再具体为 H1N1 亚型流感病毒, 再具体为流感病毒株 A/Cal ifornia/07/2009 (H1N1 ) ;
所述靶标流感病毒为未经过任何处理的 (如未经过减毒、 未经过冷适应) 的普通 野生型流感病毒。
上述任一所述的病毒中, 所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因插在所述冷适应、 减毒流感病 毒的 NS基因的开放读码框的自 5 ' 末端起第 375位至第 376位核苷酸之间所得序列为 SEQ ID No. 2中第 51-1466位核苷酸所示;
所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因是将所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 M基因的开放读码框 的自 5 ' 末端起第 223位核苷酸至第 760位核苷酸替换所得序列为 SEQ ID No. 3中第 40-1053位核苷酸所示;
所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因将所述靶标流感病毒的 NA基因的开放读码框的自 5 ' 末 端起第 184位核苷酸至第 1253位核苷酸替换所得序列为 SEQ ID No. 4中第 35-944位 核苷酸所示。
构建所述表达质粒时, 上述 PB2基因、 PB1基因、 PA基因、 NP基因、 M基因、 NS 基因、 HA基因或 NA基因, 均在各自的 5 ' 端连接有各自基因的 3 ' NCR序列, 均在各 自的 3 ' 端均连接有各自基因的 5 ' NCR序列;
所述表达质粒的出发质粒为双向转录表达载体 PAD3000;
构建所述表达质粒时,均将各基因插在双向转录表达载体 PAD3000的 BsnS 位点。 上述任一所述的病毒制备得到的嵌合疫苗也属于本发明的保护范围。
上述 DNA分子在制备预防和 /或治疗流感病毒和 /或 HCV引起的疾病的产品中的应 用也属于本发明的保护范围;
和 /或,
上述任一所述的病毒在制备预防和 /或治疗流感病毒和 /或 HCV引起的疾病的产品 中的应用也属于本发明的保护范围;
和 /或,
上述嵌合疫苗在制备预防和 /或治疗流感病毒和 /或 HCV引起的疾病的产品中的应 用也属于本发明的保护范围;
所述流感病毒为 A型流感病毒或 B型流感病毒, 所述 A型流感病毒具体为 HI亚 型 -H16亚型中的任意一种;
所述 HCV为 1型 HCV 、 2型 HCV 、 3型 HCV 、 4型 HCV 、 5型 HCV 或 6型 HCV; 所述 1型 HCV具体为 lb亚型 HCV。
附图说明
图 1为构建以流感病毒为载体的 HCV嵌合疫苗的重组策略示意图。
实施发明的最佳方式
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明, 均为常规方法。
下述实施例中所用的材料、 试剂等, 如无特殊说明, 均可从商业途径得到。
PAD3000在文献 "Hoffmann E, Mahmood K, Yang CF, Webster RG, Greenberg HB, Kemble G. Rescue of influenza B virus from eight plasmids. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2002 ; 99 (17) : 11411 - 6. "中公开过, 公众可从中国人民解放军军事医学科学院获 得。
BALB/c小鼠购自军事医学科学院实验动物中心。
10-12周龄的雪貂购自中国无锡 Angora安哥鲁公司。
2012-2013年流感病毒当年流行株 A/Cal ifornia/07/2009 (H1N1 ) 由国家流感中 心提供, 公众可从中国人民解放军军事医学科学院获得。 分别扩增该病毒株的 HA、 NA 基因, 再分别插入到双向转录 /表达载体 pAD3000的 Bsi 位点,构建得到该病毒株的 重组质粒 pD-HA、 pD-NA。
冷适应、减毒流感病毒株 A/Ann Arbor/6/60 (H2N2) (简写 A/AA/6/60 )在文献 "Yang P, Duan Y, Wang C, Xing L, Gao X, Tang C, Luo D, Zhao Z, Jia W, Peng D, Liu X, Wang X. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a l ive attenuated vaccine against the 2009 pandemic A H1N1 in mice and ferrets. Vaccine. 2011 Jan 17 ; 29 (4) : 698-705. " 中公开过, 公众可从中国人民解放军军事医学科学院获得。 该 病毒株的 6个内部基因 PB2、PB1、PA、NP、NS、M,分别插入到双向转录 /表达载体 pAD3000 的 β¾?βΙ位点, 构建得到该病毒的重组质粒 pD-PB2、 pD-PBU pD-PA、 pD-NP、 pD-NS、 pDi
下述实施例中的 NCR代表非编码区。 实验例 1、 以流感病毒为载体的嵌合 HCV-C/E1/E2优势抗原表位的 HCV嵌合疫苗 rFLU-HCV/NSl的制备
一、 lb亚型的 HCV中 HCV-C/E1/E2优势抗原表位序列如 SEQ ID No. 1所示, 经动 物实验和临床病人血清验证, 符合下一步实验要求。
二、 构建重组质粒 PC/E1/E2-NS1
以冷适应、减毒流感病毒株 A/AA/6/60的 NS1基因片段为插入 HCV-C/ E1/E2优势 抗原表位基因的靶点, 利用分子生物学方法构建重组质粒 PC/E1/E2-NS1 , 具体策略如 图 1A所示。
具体是将上述获得的 HCV-C/E1/E2优势抗原表位基因插入到冷适应、 减毒流感病 毒株 A/AA/6/60的 NS基因开放阅读框 (0RF) 的自 5' 末端起第 375位核苷酸之后, 中间加入 linker (5 ' -UAAUG-3 ' )连接, linker既有终止子作用, 又有启动子作用, 最后是 NS基因开放阅读框的自 5' 末端起第 376位至第 838位核苷酸, 将构建好的重 组质粒命名为 pC/El/E2-NSl。
步骤如下:
(一) 合成 SEQ ID No. 2所示的 DNA分子, SEQ ID No. 2中自 5 ' 端起第 1位至 第 24位为酶切位点, 第 25位至第 51位为 NS基因的 3' NCR, 第 51位至第 425位为 冷适应、 减毒流感病毒株 A/AA/6/60 NS基因开放阅读框 (0RF) 的自 5' 末端起第 1 位至第 375位核苷酸, 第 426位至第 430位为 linker, 第 431 位至第 1003 位为 HCV-C/E1/E2优势抗原表位基因, 第 1004位至第 1466位为 NS基因开放阅读框(0RF) 的自 5' 末端起第 376位至第 838位核苷酸,第 1467位至第 1495位为 NS基因的 5' NCR, 第 1496位至第 1517位酶切位点。
(二) H酶切 SEQ ID No. 2所示的 DNA分子, 得到目的基因片段; BsnS 酶切 PAD3000, 得到载体大片段; 将基因片段与载体大片段连接, 得到重组质粒, 将其命名 为 PC/E1/E2-NS1 , 将重组质粒送测序结果正确。
三、将重组质粒 pC/El/E2-NSl与冷适应、减毒流感病毒株 A/AA/6/60的内部病毒 基因骨架 PB2、 PB1、 PA、 NP、 M分别构建的重组质粒 pD-PB2、 pD-PBl、 pD- PA、 pD-NP、 pD-M, 及流感病毒当年流行株 A/California/07/2009 (H1N1 ) 的 HA、 NA基因构建的 重组质粒 pD-HA、pD-NA,共 8种质粒各 0. 2μ§,等量混合加入 1(^L转染试剂(Effectene, 购自 Qiagen公司) 室温作用 10min, 共转染 MDCK细胞, 33°C, 5% C02, 培养 48-60h, 得细胞悬液,将细胞悬液接种 9日龄 SPF鸡胚, 33°C培养 72h,收获鸡胚尿囊液测定 HA 血凝效价, HA血凝效价的检测结果是 1 : 256-512, 获得嵌合 HCV-C/E1/E2优势抗原表 位的 HCV嵌合疫苗株 (rFLU-HCV/NSl )。
四、 对步骤三获得的疫苗株进行鉴定, 电镜观察病毒形态, 结果表明该疫苗株符 合流感病毒典型形态特征, 病毒颗粒大小在 80-120nm之间。
五、 将 rFLU-HCV/NSl接种 9-11日龄 SPF鸡胚 (购自北京实验动物研究中心) 传 代, 取第二代鸡胚尿囊液提取病毒 RNA,经过 RT-PCR, 扩增出 PB2、 PB1、 PA、 NP、 HA、
NA、 M和 NS1共 8个基因片段, 分别将基因片段送公司测序, 结果与预期基因序列一 致。
六、 将 rFLU-HCV/NSl 经鸡胚大量培养, 超滤浓缩、 蔗糖梯度离心纯化后, 跑 SDS-PAGE电泳, 凝胶染色、 脱色后, 可检测到相应大小的 NP、 HA1、 HA2、 NEP蛋白, 表明抗原的主要成分没有丢失。
七、 rFLU-HCV/NSl 的温度敏感 ( Temperature sensitive, ts )、 冷适应 ( Cold adapted, ca) 和减毒 (Attenuated, att ) 表型检测
将 rFLU-HCV/NSl接种 MDCK细胞或 9-11日龄鸡胚, 分别于 25、 33、 37和 39°C条 件下培养 3天, 收集细胞上清或鸡胚尿囊液测定病毒滴度。 结果表明, 该疫苗株具有 ts、 ca表型。 同时, 该疫苗株在 BALB/c小鼠和雪貂动物上表现减毒表型。
八、 rFLU-HCV/NSl在小鼠体内的免疫效果
将 rFLU-HCV/NSl经超滤浓缩、蔗糖密度梯度离心纯化后, 制备该疫苗的减毒活疫 苗剂型。
选用 6-8周龄 BALB/c小鼠, 分为疫苗组和对照组, 每组 20只。
疫苗组: 将该疫苗滴鼻免疫 BALB/c小鼠, 免疫 2次, 间隔 2周, 每次免疫剂量为
105-5-106-5TCID60, 免疫体积为 20μ1。
对照组: PBS代替疫苗, 同时免疫方式、 免疫体积及免疫时间与疫苗组一致。 将疫苗组和对照组分别于初次免疫后、 二次免疫后 2周, 经小鼠尾静脉采血, 离 心收集各组小鼠的血清。
采用 HI方法测定血清中针对野生型流感病毒 A/California/07/2009 (H1N1 ) 的 抗体效价, 同时采用微量中和方法检测血清中针对 HCV的特异性抗体产生情况, 结果 如表 1所示。
表 1 rFLU-HCV/NSl的免疫效果检测
组别 流感病毒 HCV
(HI效价) (NT效价)
第一剂 80. 00 30. 00
疫苗组
第二剂 320. 00 120. 00
第一剂 〈10 〈10
对照组
第二剂 〈10 〈10
表 1表明, 以流感病毒为载体的 HCV嵌合疫苗 (rFLU-HCV/NSl ) 免疫动物后, 血 清中可检测到针对 HCV和流感病毒的抗体效价, 表明该疫苗免疫后可诱导机体产生针 对 HCV和流感病毒的双重免疫应答。 实验例 2、 以流感病毒为载体的嵌合 HCV-C/E1/E2优势抗原表位的 HCV嵌合疫苗 rFLU-HCV/M的制备
一、 lb亚型的 HCV中 HCV-C/E1/E2优势抗原表位序列如 SEQ ID No. 1所示, 按照 实施例 1的步骤一的方法经免疫动物验证, 符合下一步实验要求。
二、 构建重组质粒 PC/E1/E2-M
以冷适应、减毒流感病毒株 A/AA/6/60的 M基因片段为插入 HCV-C/ E1/E2优势抗 原表位基因的靶点,利用分子生物学方法构建重组质粒 PC/E1/E2-M, 具体策略如图 1B 所示。
具体是将上述获得的 HCV-C/E1/E2优势抗原表位基因插入到冷适应、 减毒流感病 毒株 A/AA/6/60的 M基因开放阅读框(0RF)的前 222位核苷酸和后 222位核苷酸之间, 将构建好的重组质粒命名为 pC/El/E2_M。
(一) 合成 SEQ ID No. 3所示的 DNA分子, SEQ ID No. 3中自 5 ' 末端起第 1位至 第 14位为酶切位点, 第 15位至第 39位为 M基因的 3 ' NCR, 第 40位至第 261位为冷 适应、 减毒流感病毒株 A/AA/6/60 M基因开放阅读框 (0RF) 的自 5 ' 末端起从第 1位 到第 222位核苷酸, 第 262位至第 831位为 HCV-C/E1/E2优势抗原表位基因, 第 832 位至第 1053位为冷适应、 减毒流感病毒株 A/AA/6/60 M基因开放阅读框 (0RF) 的自 5 ' 末端起从第 761位到第 982位核苷酸, 第 1054位至第 1074位为 M基因的 5 ' NCR, 第 1075位至第 1088位为酶切位点。
(二) Bsn& 酶切 SEQ ID No. 3所示的 DNA分子, 得到目的基因片段; Bsn& 酶切 PAD3000, 得到载体大片段; 将基因片段与载体大片段连接, 得到重组质粒, 将其命名 为 PC/E1/E2-M, 将重组质粒送测序结果正确。
三、 将重组质粒 PC/E1/E2-M, 与冷适应、 减毒流感病毒株 A/AA/6/60的内部病毒 基因骨架 PB2、 PB1、 PA、 NP和 NS分别构建的重组质粒 pD-PB2、 pD- PB1、 pD- PA、 pD- NP、 pD-NS, 及流感病毒当年流行株 A/Calif ornia/07/2009 (HlNl ) 的 HA、 NA基因构 建的重组质粒 pD-HA、 pD-NA, 按照实施例 1的步骤三的方法将 8种质粒共转染 MDCK 细胞, 37°C, 5%C02,培养 48-60h, 得细胞悬液,将细胞悬液接种 9日龄 SPF鸡胚, 35 °C 培养 72h, 收获鸡胚尿囊液获得嵌合 HCV-C/E1/E2 优势抗原表位的 HCV 嵌合疫苗株 (rFLU- HCV/M)。
四、 对步骤三获得的疫苗株进行鉴定, 电镜观察病毒形态, 结果表明该疫苗株符 合流感病毒典型形态特征。
五、将 rFLU-HCV/M接种 9-11日龄 SPF鸡胚(购自北京实验动物研究中心)传代, 取第二代鸡胚尿囊液提取病毒 RNA,经过 RT-PCR, 扩增出 PB2、 PB1、 PA、 NP、 HA、 NA、 M和 NS1共 8个基因片段, 分别将基因片段送公司测序, 结果与预期基因序列一致。
六、将 rFLU-HCV/M经鸡胚大量培养,超滤浓缩、蔗糖梯度离心纯化后,跑 SDS-PAGE 电泳, 抗原的主要成分存在。
七、 rFLU- HCV/M 的温度敏感 (Temperature sensitive, ts )、 冷适应 (Cold adapted, ca) 和减毒 (Attenuated, att ) 表型检测
将 rFLU-HCV/M接种 MDCK细胞或 9-11日龄鸡胚, 分别于 25、 33、 37和 39°C条件 下培养 3天, 收集细胞上清或鸡胚尿囊液测定病毒滴度。结果表明,该疫苗株具有 ts、 ca表型。 同时, 该疫苗株在 BALB/c小鼠和雪貂动物上表现减毒表型。
八、 rFLU-HCV/M在小鼠体内的免疫效果
将 rFLU-HCV/M经超滤浓缩、蔗糖密度梯度离心纯化后, 制备该疫苗的减毒活疫苗 剂型。
选用 6-8周龄 BALB/c小鼠, 分为疫苗组和对照组, 每组 20只。
按照实施例 1的步骤八的方法对小鼠进行 rFLU-HCV/M的免疫, 同时按照实施例 1 设置对照组。
将疫苗组和对照组分别于初次免疫后、 二次免疫后 2周, 经小鼠尾静脉采血, 离 心收集各组小鼠的血清。
采用 HI方法测定血清中针对野生型流感病毒 A/California/07/2009 (HlNl ) 的 抗体效价, 同时采用实施例 1中步骤八的方法检测血清中针对 HCV的特异性抗体产生 情况, 结果如表 2所示 (
表 2 rFLU-HCV/M的免疫效果检测
流感病毒 HCV
Figure imgf000012_0001
(HI效价) (NT效价)
第一剂 160. 00 32. 00
Figure imgf000012_0002
第二剂 640. 00 320. 00
第一剂 〈10 〈10
Figure imgf000012_0003
第二剂 〈10 〈10 表 2表明, 以流感病毒为载体的 HCV嵌合疫苗 (rFLU-HCV/M) 免疫动物后, 血清 中可检测到针对 HCV和流感病毒的抗体效价, 表明该疫苗免疫后可诱导机体产生针对 HCV和流感病毒的双重免疫应答。 实施例 3、 以流感病毒为载体的嵌合 HCV-C/E1/E2优势抗原表位的 HCV嵌合疫苗 rFLU-HCV/NA的制备
一、 lb亚型的 HCV中 HCV-C/E1/E2优势抗原表位序列如 SEQ ID No. 1所示, 按照 实施例 1的步骤一的方法经免疫动物验证, 符合下一步实验要求。
二、 构建重组质粒 PC/E1/E2-NA
以 A/Calif ornia/07/2009 (H1N1 ) 的 NA基因片段为插入 HCV- C/ E1/E2优势抗原 表位基因的靶点, 利用分子生物学方法构建重组质粒 PC/E1/E2-NA, 具体策略如图 1C 所示。
具体是将上述获得的 HCV-C/E1/E2优势抗原表位基因插入到当年流行流感病毒株 H1N1亚型 A/Calif ornia/07/2009的 NA基因开放阅读框 (0RF) 的前 183位核苷酸和 后 157位核苷酸之间, 将构建好的重组质粒命名为 pC/El/E2-NA。
(一) 合成 SEQ ID No. 4所示的 DNA分子, SEQ ID No. 4中自 5' 端起第 1位至第 14位为酶切位点,第 15位至第 35位为 NA基因的 3' NCR,第 35位至第 217位为流感 病毒当年流行株 H1N1亚型的 NA基因开放阅读框 (0RF)的自 5' 末端起第 1位至第 183 位核苷酸,第 218位至第 787位为 HCV-C/E1/E2优势抗原表位基因,第 788位至第 944 位为 NA基因开放阅读框(0RF)的自 5' 末端起第 1254位至第 1410位核苷酸, 第 945 位至第 975位为 NA基因的 5' NCR,第 976位至第 987位为酶切位点。
(二) 酶切 SEQ ID No. 4所示的 DNA分子, 得到目的基因片段; 酶切 PAD3000, 得到载体大片段; 将基因片段与载体大片段连接, 得到重组质粒, 将其命名 为 PC/E1/E2-NA, 将重组质粒送测序结果正确。
三、 将重组质粒 PC/E1/E2-NA, 与冷适应、 减毒流感病毒株 A/AA/6/60的内部病 毒基因骨架 PB2、 PB1、 PA、 NP、 M和 NS分别构建的重组质粒 pD-PB2、 pD-PBl、 pD-PA、 pD- NP、 pD-M和 pD-NS, 及流感病毒当年流行株 A/California/07/2009 (H1N1 ) 的 HA 基因构建的重组质粒 pD-HA, 按照实施例 1的步骤三的方法将 8种质粒共转染 MDCK细 胞, 37°C, 5%C02, 培养 48-60h, 得细胞悬液, 将细胞悬液接种 9日龄 SPF鸡胚, 33°C 培养 72h,收获鸡胚尿囊液获得嵌合 HCV-C/E1/E2 优势抗原表位的 HCV 嵌合疫苗株 (rFLU-HCV/NA) 0
四、 对步骤三获得的疫苗株进行鉴定, 电镜观察病毒形态, 结果表明该疫苗株符 合流感病毒典型形态特征。
五、将 rFLU-HCV/NA接种 9-11日龄 SPF鸡胚(购自北京实验动物研究中心)传代, 取第二代鸡胚尿囊液提取病毒 RNA,经过 RT-PCR, 扩增出 PB2、 PB1、 PA、 NP、 HA、 NA、 M和 NS1共 8个基因片段, 分别将基因片段送公司测序, 结果与预期基因序列一致。
六、将 rFLU-HCV/NA经鸡胚大量培养,超滤浓缩、蔗糖梯度离心纯化后,跑 SDS-PAGE 电泳, 抗原的主要成分存在。
七、 rFLU- HCV/NA 的温度敏感 (Temperature sensitive, ts )、 冷适应 (Cold adapted, ca) 和减毒 (Attenuated, att ) 表型检测
将 rFLU-HCV/NA接种 MDCK细胞或 9-11 日龄鸡胚, 分别于 25、 33、 37和 39°C条 件下培养 3天, 收集细胞上清或鸡胚尿囊液测定病毒滴度。 结果表明, 该疫苗株具有 ts、 ca表型。 同时, 该疫苗株在 BALB/c小鼠和雪貂动物上表现减毒表型。
八、 rFLU-HCV/NA在小鼠体内的免疫效果
将 rFLU-HCV/NA经超滤浓缩、 蔗糖密度梯度离心纯化后, 制备该疫苗的减毒活疫 苗剂型。
选用 6-8周龄 BALB/c小鼠, 分为疫苗组和对照组, 每组 20只。
按照实施例 1的步骤八的方法对小鼠进行 rFLU-HCV/NA的免疫, 同时按照实施例 1设置对照组。
将疫苗组和对照组分别于初次免疫后、 二次免疫后 2周, 经小鼠尾静脉采血, 离 心收集各组小鼠的血清。
采用 HI方法测定血清中针对野生型流感病毒 A/California/07/2009 (H1N1 ) 的 抗体效价, 同时采用采用实施例 1中步骤八的方法检测血清中针对 HCV的特异性抗体 产生情况, 结果如表 3所示。 表 3 rFLU-HCV/NA的免疫效果检测
HCV
Figure imgf000014_0001
(HI效价) ( IgG NT效
价)
_^ .α 弟一剂 120. 00 30. 00 疫難 第二剂 640. 00 320. 00
〈10 〈10
对讓
第二剂 〈10 〈10 表 3表明, 以流感病毒为载体的 HCV嵌合疫苗(rFLU-HCV/NA)免疫动物后, 血清中可 检测到针对 HCV和流感病毒的抗体效价, 表明该疫苗免疫后可诱导机体产生针对 HCV 和流感病毒的双重免疫应答。
工业应用
本发明的 HCV嵌合疫苗可以覆盖 HCV传染病病原体, 保护更多人群免受流感病毒 和 HCV之害, 为实现 "一苗两用"或 "一苗多用" 目的奠定了基础。

Claims

权利要求
1、 SEQ ID No. 1所示的 DNA分子。
2、 一种重组病毒, 该病毒按照如下方法制备:
将分别含有冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 PB2基因、 冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 PB1基 因、 冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 PA基因、 冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 NP基因、 冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 M基因和冷适应、减毒流感病毒的 NS基因的表达质粒, 以及分别含有 靶标流感病毒的 HA基因和靶标流感病毒的 NA基因的表达质粒共转染宿主细胞, 培养 得到重组流感病毒;
在如下所述基因中的至少一种基因的开放读码框中的任意位置插入或替换为 HCV 的结构蛋白基因:
( 1 ) 所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 PB2基因;
( 2 ) 所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 PB1基因;
( 3 ) 所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 PA基因;
( 4 ) 所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 NP基因;
( 5 ) 所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 M基因;
( 6 ) 所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 NS基因;
( 7 ) 所述靶标流感病毒的 HA基因;
( 8 ) 所述靶标流感病毒的 NA基因;
所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因为 HCV的核心蛋白 C全基因、 包膜蛋白 E1/E2全基因、 核心蛋白 C的优势抗原表位基因和 /或包膜蛋白 E1/E2的优势抗原表位基因。
3、根据权利要求 2所述的病毒,其特征在于:所述宿主细胞为 MDCK、 Vero、 293T、 COS细胞或 MDCK/293T、 MDCK/COS共培养的细胞;
所述 HCV 的结构蛋白基因为 HCV 的核心蛋白 C 的优势抗原表位基因和包膜蛋白 E1/E2的优势抗原表位基因的融合基因。
4、 根据权利要求 2-3任一所述的病毒, 其特征在于: 所述 HCV为 1型 HCV 、 2 型 HCV 、 3型 HCV 、 4型 HCV 、 5型 HCV 或 6型 HCV;
所述 1型 HCV具体为 lb亚型 HCV。
5、根据权利要求 2-4任一所述的病毒, 其特征在于: 所述 HCV的核心蛋白 C的优 势抗原表位基因和包膜蛋白 E1/E2 的优势抗原表位基因的融合基因的核苷酸序列如 SEQ ID No. 1所示。
6、根据权利要求 2-5任一所述的病毒, 其特征在于: 所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因插 在所述冷适应、减毒流感病毒的 NS基因的开放读码框的自 5 ' 末端起第 375位至第 376 位核苷酸之间;
所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因与所述冷适应、减毒流感病毒的 NS基因的开放读码框的 自 5 ' 末端起第 375位核苷酸之间连有 5 ' - UAAUG -3 ' 序列;
和 /或,
所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因是将所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 M基因的开放读码框 的自 5 ' 末端起第 223位核苷酸至第 760位核苷酸替换;
和 /或,
所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因将所述靶标流感病毒的 NA基因的开放读码框的自 5 ' 末 端起第 184位核苷酸至第 1253位核苷酸替换。
7、 根据权利要求 2-6 任一所述的病毒, 其特征在于: 所述冷适应、 减毒流感病 毒为冷适应、 减毒 A型流感病毒或冷适应、 减毒 B型流感病毒;
所述冷适应、 减毒 A型流感病毒具体为羅亚型冷适应、 减毒流感病毒, 再具 体为冷适应、 减毒流感病毒株 A/Ann Arbor/6/60 (H2N2);
所述靶标流感病毒为 A型流感病毒或 B型流感病毒,所述 A型流感病毒具体为 HI 亚型 -H16 亚型中的任意一种, 再具体为 H1N1 亚型流感病毒, 再具体为流感病毒株 A/Cal ifornia/07/2009 (應1 )。
8、 根据权利要求 2-7任一所述的病毒, 其特征在于: 所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因 插在所述冷适应、减毒流感病毒的 NS基因的开放读码框的自 5 ' 末端起第 375位至第 376位核苷酸之间所得序列为 SEQ ID No. 2中第 51-1466位核苷酸所示;
所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因是将所述冷适应、 减毒流感病毒的 M基因的开放读码框 的自 5 ' 末端起第 223位核苷酸至第 760位核苷酸替换所得序列为 SEQ ID No. 3中第 40-1053位核苷酸所示;
所述 HCV的结构蛋白基因将所述靶标流感病毒的 NA基因的开放读码框的自 5 ' 末 端起第 184位核苷酸至第 1253位核苷酸替换所得序列为 SEQ ID No. 4中第 35-944位 核苷酸所示。
9、 由权利要求 2-8任一所述的病毒制备得到的嵌合疫苗。
10、 权利要求 1所述的 DNA分子在制备预防和 /或治疗流感病毒和 /或 HCV引起的 疾病的产品中的应用;
禾口 /或,
权利要求 2-8任一所述的病毒在制备预防和 /或治疗流感病毒和 /或 HCV引起的疾 病的产品中的应用;
和 /或,
权利要求 9所述的嵌合疫苗在制备预防和 /或治疗流感病毒和 /或 HCV引起的疾病 的产品中的应用;
所述流感病毒为 A型流感病毒或 B型流感病毒, 所述 A型流感病毒具体为 HI亚 型 -H16亚型中的任意一种;
所述 HCV为 1型 HCV 、 2型 HCV 、 3型 HCV 、 4型 HCV 、 5型 HCV 或 6型 HCV; 所述 1型 HCV具体为 lb亚型 HCV。
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