WO2015109808A1 - 一种汽车碳排量提取方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

一种汽车碳排量提取方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015109808A1
WO2015109808A1 PCT/CN2014/083253 CN2014083253W WO2015109808A1 WO 2015109808 A1 WO2015109808 A1 WO 2015109808A1 CN 2014083253 W CN2014083253 W CN 2014083253W WO 2015109808 A1 WO2015109808 A1 WO 2015109808A1
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module
carbon
obd
automobile
operating condition
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PCT/CN2014/083253
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English (en)
French (fr)
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庄少华
陈文明
江常杯
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深圳市华宝电子科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2015109808A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015109808A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F9/00—Measuring volume flow relative to another variable, e.g. of liquid fuel for an engine
    • G01F9/001—Measuring volume flow relative to another variable, e.g. of liquid fuel for an engine with electric, electro-mechanic or electronic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and in particular relates to a method, a device and a system for extracting carbon emissions of automobiles.
  • IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on climate Change
  • Automobile carbon emissions generally refer to carbon dioxide emissions, and automobile exhaust contains a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), which is one of the main substances of the greenhouse effect.
  • CO2 carbon dioxide
  • the traditional method of calculating carbon emissions in automobiles is to measure and analyze the exhaust of automobiles by means of special-purpose instruments (automobile exhaust gas detectors) using non-dispersive infrared and electrochemical sensors. This method is currently applicable to environmental protection departments and vehicle exhaust emission detection applications such as vehicle maintenance, security inspection, and road inspection. It has good stability and high measurement accuracy. However, it is not possible to monitor car carbon emissions easily and dynamically.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a second generation vehicle-based self-diagnosis system OBD. II.
  • the method, device and system for extracting carbon emissions of automobiles are designed to solve the problem that the carbon emissions of existing vehicles can only be detected by special instruments, and the carbon emissions cannot be detected remotely and in real time.
  • the invention provides a method for extracting carbon emissions of an automobile, comprising the following steps:
  • the carbon emissions are calculated based on the carbon dioxide emissions.
  • the invention also provides an automobile carbon displacement extraction device, comprising: OBD II data acquisition module, first calculation module, second calculation module;
  • the OBD II data acquisition module is configured to collect automobile fuel consumption through a second generation vehicle self-diagnosis system OBD II;
  • the first calculating module is configured to calculate a carbon dioxide emission amount according to the fuel consumption amount
  • the second calculating module is configured to calculate a carbon emission amount according to the carbon dioxide emission amount.
  • the invention also provides an automobile carbon dioxide emission extraction system, characterized in that the system comprises: an automobile carbon emission extraction device, a vehicle networking platform or a smart phone application APP client;
  • the automobile carbon displacement extraction device comprises: OBD II data acquisition module, first calculation module, second calculation module, detection module, record analysis module, warning module, wireless communication module, OBD II standard interface;
  • the OBD II data acquisition module further includes an OBD II protocol identification module
  • the automobile carbon emission extraction device is connected to the second generation vehicle self-diagnosis system OBD II through the OBD II standard interface;
  • the automobile carbon displacement extraction device identifies the OBD II protocol by the OBD II protocol identification module.
  • the automobile carbon emission extraction device passes the OBD II data acquisition module from the second generation vehicle self-diagnosis system OBD II collecting automobile fuel consumption;
  • the automobile carbon emission extraction device calculates a carbon dioxide emission amount according to the fuel consumption amount by the first calculation module
  • the automobile carbon emission extraction device calculates a carbon emission amount according to the carbon dioxide emission amount by the second calculation module
  • the automobile carbon displacement extraction device detects engine operating condition data through the detection module
  • the automobile carbon displacement extraction device records and analyzes the engine operating condition data through the record analysis module
  • the vehicle carbon emission extraction device transmits warning information when the abnormal engine operating condition data is received by the warning module.
  • the vehicle carbon emission extraction device transmits the carbon emission amount and the engine operating condition data to the vehicle networking platform gateway or the smart phone application APP client through the wireless communication module.
  • the invention adopts the automobile carbon displacement extraction device from the second generation vehicle self-diagnosis system OBD II Collect automobile fuel consumption, then calculate carbon dioxide emissions based on fuel consumption, and calculate carbon emissions based on carbon dioxide emissions. It is not necessary to use special instruments to detect carbon dioxide emissions, and it is convenient to collect carbon emissions in real time.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing an implementation of a method for extracting carbon emissions of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of realizing detection and analysis of engine operating condition data in an automobile carbon displacement extraction method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a structural block diagram of an automobile carbon displacement device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an automobile carbon displacement extraction system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an implementation process of an automobile carbon emission extraction method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is described in detail as follows:
  • Step 101 Collect vehicle fuel consumption through the second generation vehicle self-diagnosis system OBD II.
  • the car's carbon emission extraction device passes the second generation of vehicle self-diagnosis system OBD II (The Second On-Board Diagnostics) collects vehicle fuel consumption.
  • Automotive carbon emission extraction device through the OBD II standard interface and the second generation of vehicle self-diagnosis system OBD II connected, through the car's second-generation vehicle self-diagnosis system to obtain the fuel injection amount of the engine injector in real time, automatically accumulate the current fuel consumption of the car.
  • OBD II The Second On-Board Diagnostics
  • Step 102 Calculate a carbon dioxide emission amount according to the fuel consumption amount.
  • IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
  • IPCC United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on climate Change
  • the above IPCC is an international body that assesses science related to climate change.
  • the automobile carbon emission algorithm uses indirect method to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) generated by fuel combustion according to the default value of IPCC carbon emission coefficient, combined with the average low calorific value of fuel in China and the equivalent heat conversion table of various dyes;
  • the default carbon emission coefficient default values and average low heat generation are shown in Table 1.
  • the default value of the above carbon emission coefficient refers to the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted by a unit of calorific value during energy combustion or use, in kilograms per kilojoule (kg/GJ).
  • Step 103 Calculate the carbon emission amount according to the carbon dioxide emission amount.
  • the second embodiment of the vehicle self-diagnosis system OBD is adopted in the embodiment of the present invention. II Real-time collection of vehicle fuel consumption, and then calculate the carbon emissions of the vehicle does not require the use of special instruments to detect carbon emissions, and can easily collect car carbon emissions in real time.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of implementing engine condition data detection and analysis.
  • the embodiment of the present invention combines FIG. 2 with the following detailed description of engine operating condition data detection and analysis:
  • the warning information is sent in time to remind the driver to correct the bad driving habits in time or repair the engine related equipment in time to reduce the carbon. Emissions. Specifically, the following steps are included:
  • Step 201 Detect engine operating condition data.
  • OBD II Detect engine operating conditions data, including data related to engine components (sensors and drives), systems, controllers (ECM/PCM).
  • the detection of component related data is mainly for the detection of component circuits and the reasonableness of sensor input values; such as intake pressure, intake flow, intake air temperature, intake manifold absolute pressure, engine load, oxygen sensor, water temperature, Vehicle speed, exhaust gas recirculation valve opening, exhaust gas recirculation valve controller, idle speed control valve, injector control circuit, ignition control circuit, canister solenoid valve control circuit, etc.
  • System-related data detection is used to diagnose systemic faults such as misfire, catalytic converter degradation, cooling system failure, detonation, ignition systems, idle speed control systems, fuel supply control systems, exhaust gas recirculation systems, and the like.
  • Controller (ECM/PCM) related data detection is used to diagnose and control related communication faults, hardware faults and memory memory changes. This way through OBD II Real-time data collection of various operating conditions of the engine.
  • Step 202 Record and analyze the engine operating condition data described above.
  • the collected engine operating condition data is recorded and analyzed to analyze engine failure or poor driver driving habits. For example, if driving a sudden acceleration or rapid deceleration, there will be obvious unreasonable changes in the speed of the vehicle, engine load, intake pressure, and intake air flow, or if the speed of the vehicle is unstable due to a problem with the component circuit, according to the collected data. It is possible to analyze the driver's bad driving habits or equipment failure.
  • Step 203 Send an alert message when abnormal engine operating condition data is received.
  • abnormal engine operating condition data including the operating condition data corresponding to the failure of the system or the equipment itself, and the abnormal data caused by the driver's bad habits
  • the warning information is sent to prompt the driver, so that the driver can correct his bad driving in time. Get used to or repair the equipment in time, so as to reduce the carbon emissions caused by poor driving habits or abnormal engine equipment, so as to achieve energy saving and emission reduction.
  • the method for extracting carbon emissions of the above-mentioned vehicle further comprises transmitting the calculated carbon emissions and working condition data to the vehicle networking platform or the smart phone APP through the wireless network through the wireless network ( Application, application) client.
  • the vehicle networking platform or the smartphone application APP client can display it to the user to remind the user whether the carbon emission exceeds the standard, and can also be provided to enterprises, institutions, environmental protection departments, and automobile manufacturing.
  • the factory lists carbon emission indicators and vehicle performance to achieve real-time, remote monitoring of vehicle carbon emissions.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural block diagram of an automobile carbon displacement extracting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, which can implement the method described in the foregoing embodiments. For the convenience of explanation, only the parts related to the present embodiment are shown.
  • the automobile carbon displacement extraction device includes: OBD The data acquisition module 31, the first calculation module 32, and the second calculation module 333.
  • the OBD II data acquisition module 31 is configured to collect automobile fuel consumption through the second generation vehicle self-diagnosis system OBD II.
  • the OBD The II data collection module 31 further includes an OBD II protocol identification module 311 for identifying the OBD II protocol.
  • the first calculating module 32 is configured to calculate the carbon dioxide emission amount according to the fuel consumption amount.
  • the second calculating module 33 is configured to calculate the carbon emission amount according to the carbon dioxide emission amount.
  • the device further includes: a detecting module 34, a recording analyzing module 35, and a warning module 36;
  • the detecting module 34 is configured to detect engine operating condition data.
  • Detection module 34 via OBD II. Detect engine operating condition data, and detect engine operating condition data including detecting engine component detection (including sensors and drives), system and controller (ECM/PCM) related data, and component related data detection mainly for component circuit testing And the reasonableness of the sensor input value, such as intake pressure, intake flow, intake air temperature, intake manifold absolute pressure, engine load, oxygen sensor, water temperature, vehicle speed, exhaust gas recirculation valve opening, exhaust gas recirculation valve Controller, idle speed control valve, injector control circuit, ignition control circuit, canister solenoid valve control circuit, etc.
  • engine component detection including sensors and drives
  • ECM/PCM system and controller
  • component related data detection mainly for component circuit testing
  • the reasonableness of the sensor input value such as intake pressure, intake flow, intake air temperature, intake manifold absolute pressure, engine load, oxygen sensor, water temperature, vehicle speed, exhaust gas recirculation valve opening, exhaust gas recirculation valve Controller, idle speed control valve, injector control circuit, ignition control circuit, canister solenoid valve
  • System-related data detection is used to diagnose systemic faults such as misfire, catalytic converter degradation, cooling system failure, detonation, ignition systems, idle speed control systems, fuel supply control systems, exhaust gas recirculation systems, and the like.
  • Controller (ECM/PCM) related data detection is used to diagnose and control related communication faults, hardware faults and memory memory changes. This way through OBD II Real-time data collection of various operating conditions of the engine.
  • the record analysis module 35 is configured to record and analyze the engine operating condition data.
  • the record analysis module 35 records and analyzes the collected engine operating condition data to analyze an engine failure or a driver's bad driving habit. For example, if you drive a sudden acceleration or a sudden deceleration, the vehicle speed, engine load, intake pressure, and intake air flow will change significantly. According to the collected data, the driver's bad driving habits can be analyzed.
  • the warning module 36 is configured to send the warning information when abnormal engine operating condition data is received.
  • the warning module 36 When abnormal engine operating condition data is received, including operating condition data corresponding to the failure of the system or the device itself, and abnormal data caused by bad habits of the driver, the warning module 36 sends a warning message to prompt the driver, so that the driver can correct himself in time. Bad driving habits or timely maintenance of equipment, thereby reducing excessive carbon emissions due to poor driving habits or engine equipment abnormalities, thus achieving the goal of energy saving and emission reduction.
  • the foregoing apparatus further includes a wireless communication module 37, and the calculated carbon emission and working condition data are sent to the vehicle networking platform or the smart phone APP through the wireless network through the wireless network ( Application, application) client.
  • the vehicle networking platform or the smartphone application APP client can display it to the user to remind the user whether the carbon emission exceeds the standard, and can also be provided to enterprises, institutions, environmental protection departments, and automobile manufacturing.
  • the factory lists carbon emission indicators and vehicle performance to achieve real-time, remote monitoring of vehicle carbon emissions.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an automobile carbon dioxide displacement extraction system according to an embodiment of the present invention, which can implement the method described in the foregoing embodiments. For the convenience of explanation, only the parts related to the present embodiment are shown.
  • the system includes a car carbon displacement extraction device 41, a car networking platform 42 or a smartphone application APP client 43.
  • the above-described automobile carbon displacement extraction device 41 includes: OBD The data collection module 411, the first calculation module 412, the second calculation module 413, the detection module 414, the record analysis module 415, the alert module 416, and the wireless communication module 417.
  • the OBD II data acquisition module 411 also includes an OBD II protocol identification module 4112.
  • the automobile carbon displacement extracting means 41 recognizes the OBD II protocol by the above-described OBD II protocol identification module 4112.
  • the automobile carbon displacement extraction device 41 passes the above OBD II data acquisition module 411 from the second generation onboard self-diagnosis system OBD II Collect vehicle fuel consumption.
  • the automobile carbon displacement extraction device 41 calculates the carbon dioxide emission amount based on the fuel consumption amount by the first calculation module 412 described above.
  • the automobile carbon displacement extraction device 41 calculates the carbon emission amount based on the carbon dioxide emission amount by the second calculation module 413 described above.
  • the automobile carbon emission extracting device 41 detects engine operating condition data through the detecting module 414;
  • the automobile carbon emission extraction device 41 records and analyzes the engine operating condition data through the record analysis module 415;
  • the automobile carbon emission extracting device 41 transmits warning information through the warning module 416 when receiving abnormal engine operating condition data.
  • the car carbon emission extracting device 41 transmits the carbon emission amount and the engine operating condition data to the car network platform gateway or the smartphone application APP client through the wireless communication module 417 described above.
  • the embodiment of the present invention adopts the automobile carbon emission extraction device from the second generation vehicle self-diagnosis system OBD II Collect vehicle fuel consumption, then calculate carbon dioxide emissions based on fuel consumption, calculate carbon emissions based on fuel consumption, and send the calculated carbon emissions to the Internet of Vehicles platform or smartphone APP client via wireless network, Special instruments are needed to detect carbon emissions, which can be used in real time and can remotely collect carbon dioxide emissions from automobiles. At the same time, it can detect the engine operating condition data, and promptly remind the driver when receiving abnormal working condition data, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.

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Abstract

一种汽车碳排量提取方法，通过汽车碳排量提取装置从第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II采集汽车燃料消耗量（101），然后根据燃料消耗量计算二氧化碳排放量（102），再根据二氧化碳排放量计算得到碳排放量（103），不需要采用专用仪器检测二氧化碳排放量，能实时方便采集汽车碳排放量。

Description

一种汽车碳排量提取方法、装置及系统 技术领域
本发明属于汽车技术领域，尤其涉及一种汽车碳排量提取方法、装置及系统。
 背景技术
汽车作为一种便捷的现代化交通工具，给人们的生活带来极大便利，但同时也给人类所面临的环境问题带来了严重的威胁。近年来，全球变暖已成为全世界最关心的环保问题，造成全球变暖的主要原因是大量的温室气体产生，而温室气体的主要组成部分就是二氧化碳（CO2）。无论是煤炭、石油还是天然气，碳是所有化石燃料的重要组成部分。这些燃料在燃烧提供能源时，释放出一种温室气体——二氧化碳（CO2）进入大气层中。根据联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)的研究表明，如果不采取积极的减排措施，到2100年，全球平均气温将上升1.8到4摄氏度，恶劣天气更加频繁，人类可持续发展的目标面临着严峻威胁。
汽车碳排放泛指二氧化碳排放，汽车尾气含有大量的二氧化碳（CO2），是温室效应的主要物质之一。汽车碳排放计算传统的方法是通过专用仪器检测（汽车尾气检测仪），利用不分光红外线和电化学传感器对汽车尾气的测量分析。这种方法目前适用于环保部门和车辆维修、安检、路检等汽车尾气排放检测场合。具有良好的稳定性，测量精确度高等特点。但是不能便捷、动态的监测汽车碳排放量。
 技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II的汽车碳排量提取方法、装置及系统，旨在解决现有汽车碳排放量只能采用专用仪器检测，不能远程、实时的检测碳排放量的问题。
 技术解决方案
本发明提供了一种汽车碳排量提取方法，包括以下步骤：
通过第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II采集汽车燃料消耗量；
根据所述燃料消耗量计算二氧化碳排放量；
根据所述二氧化碳排放量计算得到碳排放量。
本发明还提供了一种汽车碳排量提取装置，包括：OBD II数据采集模块、第一计算模块、第二计算模块；
所述OBD II数据采集模块，用于通过第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II采集汽车燃料消耗量；
所述第一计算模块，用于根据所述燃料消耗量计算二氧化碳排放量；
所述第二计算模块，用于根据所述二氧化碳排放量计算得到碳排放量。
本发明还提供了一种汽车二氧化碳排量提取系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：汽车碳排量提取装置、车联网平台或智能手机应用程序APP客户端；
所述汽车碳排量提取装置包括：OBD II数据采集模块、第一计算模块、第二计算模块、检测模块、记录分析模块、警示模块、无线通信模块、OBD II标准接口；
所述OBD II数据采集模块还包括OBD II协议识别模块；
所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述OBD II标准接口与第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II相连；
所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述OBD II协议识别模块识别OBD II协议。
所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述OBD II数据采集模块从第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II采集汽车燃料消耗量；
所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述第一计算模块根据所述燃料消耗量计算二氧化碳排放量；
所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述第二计算模块根据所述二氧化碳排放量计算得到碳排放量；
所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述检测模块检测发动机工况数据；
所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述记录分析模块记录并分析所述的发动机工况数据；
所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述警示模块在接收到异常发动机工况数据时发送警示信息。
所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述无线通信模块将所述碳排放量以及所述发动机工况数据发送给车联网平台网关或智能手机应用程序APP客户端。
 有益效果
本发明通过汽车碳排量提取装置从第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II采集汽车燃料消耗量，然后根据燃料消耗量计算二氧化碳排放量，再根据二氧化碳排放量计算得到碳排放量，不需要采用专用仪器检测二氧化碳排放量，能实时方便采集汽车碳排放量。
 附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的汽车碳排量提取方法的实现流程图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的汽车碳排量提取方法中的发动机工况数据检测分析实现流程图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的汽车碳排量提取装置的结构框图;
图4是本发明实施例提供的汽车碳排量提取系统的示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
图1示出了本发明实施例提供的一种汽车碳排量提取方法的实现流程，详述如下：
步骤101、通过第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II采集汽车燃料消耗量。
具体的，汽车碳排量提取装置通过汽车的第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II（The Second On—Board Diagnostics）采集汽车燃料消耗量。汽车碳排量提取装置通过OBD II标准接口与汽车的第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II相连，通过汽车的第二代车载自诊断系统实时获取发动机喷油嘴的喷油量，自动累计当前汽车燃料消耗量。
步骤102、根据上述燃料消耗量计算二氧化碳排放量。
汽车碳排放算法是基于IPCC（Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change，联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会）2006年《国家温室气体排放清单指南》【2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories】的指导方法进行计算的。上述IPCC是评估与气候变化相关科学的国际机构。
汽车碳排放算法采用间接方法来统计，根据IPCC碳排放系数缺省值，结合我国燃料平均低位发热量以及各种染料等价热量换算表，可计算出燃料燃烧产生二氧化碳（CO2）的量；汽车常用燃料碳排放系数缺省值和平均低位发热量如表1所示。
表1汽车常用燃料碳排放系数缺省值和平均低位发热量
燃料种类 碳排放系数缺省值 平均低位发热量
汽油 69.363 kg/GJ 43070 kJ/kg
柴油 74.024 kg/GJ 42652 kJ/kg
天然气 56.224 kg/GJ 25588kJ/kg
上述碳排放系数缺省值是指一种能源燃烧或使用过程中单位热值所产生的二氧化碳（CO2）排放数量，单位为千克每千焦（kg/GJ）。
因此，燃料燃烧产生的二氧化碳（CO2）的量可按如下公式计算：M=E×F×H ，其中M表示排放二氧化碳的量单位为吨（t），E表示燃料消耗量，单位为吨(t)，F表示燃料平均低位发热量，单位为千焦每千克（kJ/kg），H表示碳排放系数缺省值，单位为千克每吉焦（kg/GJ）。根据公式以及汽车常用燃料碳排放系数缺省值和平均低位发热量可计算得出：燃烧1吨汽油产生二氧化碳（CO2）的质量为2.99吨；燃烧1吨柴油产生二氧化碳（CO2）的质量为3.16吨；燃烧1吨天然气产生二氧化碳（CO2）的质量为1.44吨。
根据物理学中密度与体积的换算公式，由于物质密度系数是固定的，根据上述碳排放计算公式，也可得出汽车每升燃料燃烧排出的二氧化碳量以及行驶每公里的二氧化碳量。
步骤103、根据上述二氧化碳排放量计算得到碳排放量。
计算得到二氧化碳排放量后，可以根据二氧化碳量与碳排放量之间的转换公式，碳的分子量为12，二氧化碳的分子量为44，44/12=3.67，即将上述得到的二氧化碳的排放量除以3.67就得到碳排放量。由此可知减排1吨碳就相当于减排3.67吨二氧化碳。
本发明实施例通过第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II实时采集汽车燃料消耗量，然后计算得到汽车碳排放量不需要采用专用仪器检测碳排放量，能实时方便采集汽车碳排放量。
进一步的，为了及时提醒驾驶员不良驾驶习惯以及部件设备异常导致碳排放量过多，从而达到节能减排的目的，上述实施例所述的汽车碳排量提取方法还包括发动机工况数据检测分析，图2为发动机工况数据检测分析实现流程图，本发明实施例结合图2对发动机工况数据检测分析做以下详细的描述：
由于发动机工况异常时会导致燃料消耗浪费，通过检测发动机工况数据，当收到异常工况数据时及时发送警示信息提醒驾驶员，及时改正不良驾驶习惯或者及时维修发动机相关设备，能减少碳排放量。具体包括以下步骤：
步骤201、检测发动机工况数据。
通过OBD II检测发动机工况数据，包括检测发动机零部件（传感器和驱动器）、系统、控制器（ECM/PCM）的相关数据。零部件相关数据的检测主要针对零部件电路进行检测和传感器输入值的合理性判断；如进气压力、进气流量、进气温度、进气歧管绝对压力、发动机负荷、氧传感器、水温、车速、废气再循环阀开度、废气再循环阀控制器、怠速控制阀、喷油嘴控制回路、点火控制回路、炭罐电磁阀控制回路等。系统相关数据检测用于诊断系统性故障，如缺火、催化转换器劣化、冷却系统故障、爆振、点火系统、怠速控制系统、供油控制系统、废气再循环系统等。控制器（ECM/PCM）相关数据检测用于诊断和控制有关的通讯故障，硬件故障及内存记忆变更。这样通过OBD II实时采集发动机各种工况数据。
步骤202、记录并分析上述的发动机工况数据。
将采集到的发动机工况数据进行记录并分析，分析发动机故障或者驾驶员不良驾驶习惯。比如，如果驾驶急加速或急减速的，那么车速、发动机负荷、进气压力、进气流量会有明显的不合理变化，或者如果零部件电路出现问题导致车速不稳定等，根据采集到的数据就可以分析得到驾驶员不良驾驶习惯或者设备故障。
步骤203、当接收到异常发动机工况数据时，发送警示信息。
当接收到异常发动机工况数据时，包括系统或设备本身故障对应的工况数据，以及驾驶员不良习惯导致的异常数据，发送警示信息及时提醒驾驶员，这样驾驶员可以及时纠正自己的不良驾驶习惯或者及时对设备进维修，从而减少由于不良驾驶习惯或发动机设备异常导致的碳排量过多，从而达到节能减排的目的。
进一步的，上述汽车碳排放量提方法，还包括通过无线网络将计算得到的碳排放量以及工况数据通过互联网无线网络发送给车联网平台或智能手机APP（ Application，应用程序）客户端。车联网平台或智能手机应用程序APP客户端收到碳排放量以及工况数据后，可以将其展示给用户，提醒用户碳排放量是否超标，也可以供企事业单位以及环保管理部门、汽车制造厂列举碳排放指标和汽车性能，实现实时、远程监测汽车碳排放量。
需要说明的是，对于前述的各方法实施例，为了简单描述，故将其都表述为一系列的动作组合，但是本领域技术人员应该知悉，本发明并不受所描述的动作顺序的限制，因为依据本发明，某些步骤可以采用其他顺序或者同时进行。
图3示出了本发明实施例提供的汽车碳排量提取装置的结构框图，该汽车碳排量提取装置能实现前述实施例所述的方法。为了便于说明，仅示出了与本实施例相关的部分。参照图3，该汽车碳排量提取装置包括：OBD II数据采集模块31、第一计算模块32、第二计算模块333。
所述OBD II数据采集模块31，用于通过第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II采集汽车燃料消耗量。所述OBD II数据采集模块31还包括：OBD II协议识别模块311，用于识别OBD II协议。
第一计算模块32，用于根据所述燃料消耗量计算二氧化碳排放量。
具体的，第一计算模块32计算燃料燃烧产生的二氧化碳（CO2）的量可按如下公式计算：M=E×F×H，其中M表示排放二氧化碳的量单位为吨（t），E表示燃料消耗量，单位为吨(t)，F表示燃料平均低位发热量，单位为千焦每千克（kJ/kg），H表示碳排放系数缺省值，单位为千克每吉焦（kg/GJ）。
第二计算模块33，用于根据所述二氧化碳排放量计算得到碳排放量。
第一计算模块32计算得到二氧化碳排放量后，第二计算模块33可以根据二氧化碳量与碳排放量之间的转换公式，碳的分子量为12，二氧化碳的分子量为44，44/12=3.67，即第二计算模块33将上述得到的二氧化碳的排放量除以3.67就得到碳排放量。由此可知减排1吨碳就相当于减排3.67吨二氧化碳。
进一步的，所述装置还包括：检测模块34、记录分析模块35、警示模块36；
检测模块34，用于检测发动机工况数据。
检测模块34通过OBD II检测发动机工况数据，检测发动机工况数据包括检测发动机零部件检测（包括传感器和驱动器）、系统以及控制器（ECM/PCM）的相关数据，零部件相关数据检测主要针对零部件电路进行检测和传感器输入值的合理性判断，如进气压力、进气流量、进气温度、进气歧管绝对压力、发动机负荷、氧传感器、水温、车速、废气再循环阀开度、废气再循环阀控制器、怠速控制阀、喷油嘴控制回路、点火控制回路、炭罐电磁阀控制回路等。系统相关数据检测用于诊断系统性故障，如缺火、催化转换器劣化、冷却系统故障、爆振、点火系统、怠速控制系统、供油控制系统、废气再循环系统等。控制器（ECM/PCM）相关数据检测用于诊断和控制有关的通讯故障，硬件故障及内存记忆变更。这样通过OBD II实时采集发动机各种工况数据。
记录分析模块35，用于记录并分析所述的发动机工况数据。
具体的，记录分析模块35，将采集到的发动机工况数据进行记录并分析，分析发动机故障或者驾驶员不良驾驶习惯。比如，如果驾驶急加速或急减速的，那么车速、发动机负荷、进气压力、进气流量会有明显的变化，根据采集到的数据就可以分析得到驾驶员不良驾驶习惯。
警示模块36，用于当接收到异常发动机工况数据时，发送警示信息。
当接收到异常发动机工况数据时，包括系统或设备本身故障对应的工况数据，以及驾驶员不良习惯导致的异常数据，警示模块36发送警示信息及时提醒驾驶员，这样驾驶员可以及时纠正自己的不良驾驶习惯或者及时维修设备，从而减少由于不良驾驶习惯或发动机设备异常导致的碳排量过多，从而达到节能减排的目的。
进一步的，上述装置还包括无线通信模块37，通过无线网络将计算得到的碳排放量以及工况数据通过互联网无线网络发送给车联网平台或智能手机APP（ Application，应用程序）客户端。车联网平台或智能手机应用程序APP客户端收到碳排放量以及工况数据后，可以将其展示给用户，提醒用户碳排放量是否超标，也可以供企事业单位以及环保管理部门、汽车制造厂列举碳排放指标和汽车性能，实现实时、远程监测汽车碳排放量。
图4示出了本发明实施例提供的汽车二氧化碳排量提取系统的示意图，该汽车碳排量提取系统能实现前述实施例所述的方法。为了便于说明，仅示出了与本实施例相关的部分。参照图4，该系统包括：汽车碳排量提取装置41、车联网平台42或智能手机应用程序APP客户端43。
上述汽车碳排量提取装置41包括：OBD II数据采集模块411、第一计算模块412、第二计算模块413、检测模块414、记录分析模块415、警示模块416、无线通信模块417。
OBD II数据采集模块411还包括OBD II协议识别模块4112。
汽车碳排量提取装置41通过上述OBD II协议识别模块4112识别OBD II协议。
汽车碳排量提取装置41通过上述OBD II数据采集模块411从第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II采集汽车燃料消耗量。
汽车碳排量提取装置41通过上述第一计算模块412根据所述燃料消耗量计算二氧化碳排放量。
汽车碳排量提取装置41通过上述第二计算模块413根据所述二氧化碳排放量计算得到碳排放量。
汽车碳排量提取装置41通过所述检测模块414检测发动机工况数据；
所述汽车碳排量提取装置41通过所述记录分析模块415记录并分析所述的发动机工况数据；
所述汽车碳排量提取装置41通过所述警示模块416在接收到异常发动机工况数据时发送警示信息。
汽车碳排量提取装置41通过上述无线通信模块417将所述碳排放量以及所述发动机工况数据发送给车联网平台网关或智能手机应用程序APP客户端。
本发明实施例通过汽车碳排量提取装置从第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II采集汽车燃料消耗量，然后根据燃料消耗量计算二氧化碳排放量，再根据燃料消耗量计算碳排放量，并将计算的碳排放量通过无线网络发送给车联网平台或智能手机APP客户端，不需要采用专用仪器检测碳排放量，能实时方便且能够远程采集汽车二氧化碳的排放量。同时能检测发动机工况数据，当收到异常工况数据时及时提醒驾驶员，从而达到节能减排的目的。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种汽车碳排量提取方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    通过第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II采集汽车燃料消耗量；
    根据所述燃料消耗量计算二氧化碳排放量；
    根据所述二氧化碳排放量计算得到碳排放量。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的根据所述燃料消耗量计算二氧化碳排放量，具体计算公式为：M=E×F×H，其中M表示排放二氧化碳的量，单位为吨，E表示燃料消耗量，单位为吨，F表示燃料平均低位发热量，单位为千焦每千克，H表示碳排放系数缺省值，单位为千克每吉焦。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    检测发动机工况数据；
    记录并分析所述的发动机工况数据；
    当接收到异常发动机工况数据时，发送警示信息。
  4. 如权利要求1-3之一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：通过无线网络将所述碳排放量以及所述发动机工况数据发送给车联网平台或智能手机应用程序APP客户端。
  5. 一种汽车碳排量提取装置，其特征在于，包括：OBD II数据采集模块、第一计算模块、第二计算模块；
    所述OBD II数据采集模块，用于通过第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II采集汽车燃料消耗量；
    所述第一计算模块，用于根据所述燃料消耗量计算二氧化碳排放量；
    所述第二计算模块，用于根据所述二氧化碳排放量计算得到碳排放量。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述的所述第一计算模块，用于根据所述燃料消耗量计算二氧化碳排放量，具体计算公式为：M=E×F×H，其中M表示排放二氧化碳的量单位为吨，E表示燃料消耗量，单位为吨，F表示燃料平均低位发热量，单位为千焦每千克，H表示碳排放系数缺省值，单位为千克每吉焦。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    检测模块、记录分析模块、警示模块；
    所述检测模块，用于检测发动机工况数据；
    所述记录分析模块，用于记录并分析所述的发动机工况数据；
    所述警示模块，用于当接收到异常发动机工况数据时，发送警示信息。
  8. 如权利要求5-7之一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    无线通信模块，用于通过无线网络将所述碳排放量以及所述发动机工况数据发送给车联网平台或智能手机应用程序APP客户端。
  9. 如权利要求5-7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括OBD II标准接口，用于与第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II相连；
    所述OBD II数据采集模块还包括：OBD II协议识别模块，用于识别OBD II协议。
  10. 一种汽车碳排量提取系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：汽车碳排量提取装置、车联网平台或智能手机应用程序APP客户端；
    所述汽车碳排量提取装置包括：OBD II数据采集模块、第一计算模块、第二计算模块、检测模块、记录分析模块、警示模块、无线通信模块；
    所述OBD II数据采集模块还包括OBD II协议识别模块；
    所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述OBD II协议识别模块识别OBD II协议。
    所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述OBD II数据采集模块从第二代车载自诊断系统OBD II采集汽车燃料消耗量；
    所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述第一计算模块根据所述燃料消耗量计算二氧化碳排放量；
    所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述第二计算模块根据所述二氧化碳排放量计算得到碳排放量；
    所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述检测模块检测发动机工况数据；
    所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述记录分析模块记录并分析所述的发动机工况数据；
    所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述警示模块在接收到异常发动机工况数据时发送警示信息。
    所述汽车碳排量提取装置通过所述无线通信模块将所述碳排放量以及所述发动机工况数据发送给车联网平台网关或智能手机应用程序APP客户端。
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