WO2015108013A1 - 複合粉末及び複合粉末ペースト - Google Patents
複合粉末及び複合粉末ペースト Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015108013A1 WO2015108013A1 PCT/JP2015/050584 JP2015050584W WO2015108013A1 WO 2015108013 A1 WO2015108013 A1 WO 2015108013A1 JP 2015050584 W JP2015050584 W JP 2015050584W WO 2015108013 A1 WO2015108013 A1 WO 2015108013A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- glass
- composite powder
- composite
- content
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/02—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with glass
- C03C17/04—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with glass by fritting glass powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
- C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
- C03C3/093—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium containing zinc or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/02—Compositions for glass with special properties for coloured glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/04—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
- C03C8/16—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions with vehicle or suspending agents, e.g. slip
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2204/00—Glasses, glazes or enamels with special properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2207/00—Compositions specially applicable for the manufacture of vitreous enamels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/40—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer
- C03C2217/43—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase
- C03C2217/46—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase
- C03C2217/48—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase having a specific function
- C03C2217/485—Pigments
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite powder and a composite powder paste. Specifically, a colored layer is formed on the inner peripheral edge of an automobile window glass, a train window glass, and a house window glass (hereinafter referred to as an automobile window glass, etc.).
- the present invention relates to a composite powder and a composite powder paste.
- a colored layer is formed on the inner peripheral edge of the window glass for automobiles.
- the colored layer is formed to prevent UV deterioration of the organic adhesive that joins the automobile body and the window glass (soda lime glass plate) and to conceal the protruding portion of the organic adhesive. Furthermore, in recent years, a colored layer in which a minute dot pattern is formed in a gradation is widely used in order to improve design properties.
- the colored layer is formed by pasting the composite powder, applying the obtained composite powder paste to a soda lime glass plate, drying and firing, and sintering it on the surface of the soda lime glass plate.
- the composite powder includes at least a glass powder and an inorganic pigment powder, and optionally includes a refractory filler powder.
- the inorganic pigment powder is usually black.
- the present invention has a technical problem to provide a composite powder having a low calcination temperature and high acid resistance without introducing lead and bismuth.
- the composite powder of the present invention is a composite powder containing 55 to 95% by weight of glass powder, 5 to 45% by weight of inorganic pigment powder, and 0 to 20% by weight of refractory filler powder.
- mol% SiO 2 45-62%, B 2 O 3 0-10%, Al 2 O 3 0-9%, ZnO 12-32%, Li 2 O + Na 2 O + K 2 O 12-28%, BaO It is characterized by containing 0 to 10% and TiO 2 + ZrO 2 0 to 15%.
- “Li 2 O + Na 2 O + K 2 O” is the total amount of Li 2 O, Na 2 O and K 2 O.
- TiO 2 + ZrO 2 is the total amount of TiO 2 and ZrO 2 .
- the composite powder of the present invention regulates the content of SiO 2 in the glass powder to 45 mol% or more and the content of B 2 O 3 to 10 mol% or less. Thereby, acid resistance can be raised notably.
- the content of SiO 2 is increased and the content of B 2 O 3 is decreased, it is predicted that the softening point increases and the firing temperature of the composite powder increases.
- the present inventor has surprisingly maintained acid resistance even if lead or bismuth is not introduced by restricting the content of alkali metal oxide to 12 to 28 mol% by detailed investigation. From the above, it has been found that an increase in the softening point can be suppressed.
- the content of TiO 2 + ZrO 2 in the glass powder is preferably 0.1 to 10%.
- the composite powder of the present invention preferably has a molar ratio SiO 2 / B 2 O 3 in the glass powder of 5 to 15.
- the composite powder of the present invention is preferably characterized in that the molar ratio ZnO / B 2 O 3 in the glass powder is 1 to 6.
- the content of BaO in the glass powder is preferably 0.1 to 5%.
- the content of SiO 2 + ZnO in the glass powder is preferably 65% or more.
- SiO 2 + ZnO is the total amount of SiO 2 and ZnO.
- the content of Li 2 O in the glass powder is preferably 5 to 20%.
- the composite powder of the present invention preferably contains substantially no PbO or Bi 2 O 3 in the glass powder.
- substantially free of is intended to allow the case where an explicit component is mixed at an impurity level, and specifically, the content of the explicit component is less than 0.1 mol%. Refers to the case.
- the inorganic pigment powder is preferably a Cr composite oxide.
- ⁇ system complex oxide refers to a complex oxide containing an explicit component as an essential component.
- the composite powder of the present invention preferably contains 55 to 85% by mass of glass powder, 15 to 45% by mass of inorganic pigment powder, and 0 to 10% by mass of refractory filler powder.
- the composite powder paste of the present invention is a composite powder paste containing a composite powder and a vehicle, wherein the composite powder is the composite powder described above.
- the glass plate with a colored layer of the present invention is characterized in that the colored layer is formed by sintering a composite powder, and the composite powder is the above composite powder.
- the glass plate with a colored layer of the present invention is preferably a soda lime glass plate.
- the composite powder of the present invention includes at least a glass powder and an inorganic pigment powder, and includes a refractory filler powder as necessary.
- the glass powder is a component for dispersing the inorganic pigment powder and fixing it to the soda lime glass plate.
- the inorganic pigment powder is a component for increasing the shielding property of ultraviolet rays and visible light by coloring it to black or the like.
- the refractory filler powder is an optional component, a component that increases mechanical strength, and a component for adjusting the thermal expansion coefficient.
- an inorganic heat-resistant whisker or the like may be added in order to improve mold release properties, and a metal powder such as Cu powder may be added in order to improve color developability.
- the glass powder has a glass composition of mol%, SiO 2 45 to 62%, B 2 O 3 0 to 10%, Al 2 O 3 0 to 9%, ZnO 12 to 32%, Li 2 O + Na 2 O + K 2 O 12-28%, BaO 0-10%, TiO 2 + ZrO 2 0-15%.
- the reason for limiting the content range of each component as described above will be described below.
- SiO 2 is a component that forms a glass skeleton and is a component that enhances acid resistance.
- the content of SiO 2 is 45 to 62%, preferably 46 to 59%, 47 to 57%, 48 to 55%, particularly preferably 49 to 53%.
- the thermal stability resistance to devitrification
- the acid resistance is likely to decrease.
- the softening point is raised, the firing temperature of the composite powder is likely to rise.
- B 2 O 3 is a component that forms a glass skeleton, and is a component that lowers the softening point without increasing the thermal expansion coefficient.
- the content of B 2 O 3 is 0 to 10%, preferably 1 to 8%, 2 to 7%, 3 to 6.5%, particularly preferably 4 to 6%.
- the content of B 2 O 3 is too large, the acid resistance is likely to decrease.
- the content of B 2 O 3 is too small, the thermal stability tends to decrease.
- the molar ratio SiO 2 / B 2 O 3 is preferably 5 to 15, 6 to 14, 7 to 13, 8 to 12, particularly preferably 9 to 11. If the molar ratio SiO 2 / B 2 O 3 is too small, the acid resistance tends to decrease. On the other hand, if the molar ratio SiO 2 / B 2 O 3 is too large, the softening point increases and the firing temperature of the composite powder tends to increase.
- Al 2 O 3 is a component that increases acid resistance.
- the content of Al 2 O 3 is 0 to 9%, preferably 0 to 5%, 0 to 3%, 0 to 2%, particularly preferably 0 to less than 1%.
- the content of Al 2 O 3 is too large, the softening point is raised, the firing temperature of the composite powder is likely to rise.
- ZnO is a component that lowers the softening point without increasing the thermal expansion coefficient.
- the content of ZnO is 12 to 32%, preferably 14 to 30%, 16 to 28%, 18 to 26%, particularly preferably 20 to 25%.
- a softening point will raise and it will become easy to raise the calcination temperature of composite powder.
- the thermal expansion coefficient is unduly increased, making it difficult to match the thermal expansion coefficient of the soda lime glass plate.
- acid resistance will fall easily.
- SiO 2 + ZnO is preferably 65% or more, 67% or more, 69% or more, 70% or more, and particularly preferably 71% or more.
- the thermal expansion coefficient is unduly increased, it becomes difficult to match the thermal expansion coefficient of soda lime glass plate.
- the molar ratio ZnO / B 2 O 3 is preferably 1 to 6, 2 to 5.5, 3 to 5, 3.3 to 4.8, particularly preferably 3.5 to 4.5. This makes it easy to optimize the softening point and acid resistance without increasing the thermal expansion coefficient.
- Li 2 O + Na 2 O + K 2 O is a component that lowers the softening point.
- the content of Li 2 O + Na 2 O + K 2 O is 12 to 28%, preferably 14 to 26%, 16 to 24%, less than 17 to 23%, particularly preferably 18 to 22%.
- li 2 O + content of Na 2 O + K 2 O is too small, the softening point is raised, the firing temperature of the composite powder is likely to rise.
- the content of Li 2 O + Na 2 O + K 2 O is too large, water resistance, acid resistance tends to decrease.
- the thermal expansion coefficient is unduly increased, making it difficult to match the thermal expansion coefficient of the soda lime glass plate.
- Li 2 O is a component that lowers the softening point without increasing the thermal expansion coefficient.
- the content of Li 2 O is preferably 0 to 25%, 5 to 20%, 7 to 18%, 8 to 16%, particularly preferably 9 to 15%.
- the content of Li 2 O is too large, water resistance, acid resistance tends to decrease.
- unintended crystals may precipitate during firing, and the colored layer may exhibit abnormal expansion.
- the Li 2 O content is too small, the softening point is raised, the firing temperature of the composite powder is likely to rise.
- Na 2 O is a component that lowers the softening point.
- the content of Na 2 O is preferably 0 to 15%, 0.1 to 12%, 1 to 10%, 2 to 9%, particularly preferably 3 to less than 8%.
- the thermal expansion coefficient is unduly increased, making it difficult to match the thermal expansion coefficient of the soda lime glass plate. Note that if too small content of Na 2 O, a softening point is raised, the firing temperature of the composite powder is likely to rise.
- K 2 O is a component that lowers the softening point, but the reduction width is small compared to Li 2 O and Na 2 O.
- the content of K 2 O is preferably 0 to 8%, 0 to 6%, 0 to 5%, 0.1 to 4.5%, particularly preferably 1 to 3%.
- the thermal expansion coefficient is unduly increased, making it difficult to match the thermal expansion coefficient of the soda lime glass plate.
- Li 2 O, Na 2 O, and K 2 O it is preferable to introduce two types of each into the glass composition by 0.1% or more, and it is more preferable to introduce three types of each by 0.1% or more. In this way, the alkali mixing effect can be enjoyed, and the thermal expansion coefficient and the softening point can be lowered while maintaining acid resistance, compared to the case where one kind is introduced alone.
- Li 2 O In order to optimize the thermal expansion coefficient and the softening point among Li 2 O, Na 2 O, and K 2 O, it is preferable to introduce Li 2 O preferentially, and the molar ratio Li 2 O / (Li 2 O + Na 2 O + K 2 O) is preferably 0.4 or more and 0.5 or more, particularly preferably more than 0.5.
- BaO is a component that enhances thermal stability.
- the content of BaO is 0 to 10%, preferably 0 to 7%, 0 to 5%, 0 to less than 3%, particularly preferably 0.1 to 1%.
- a thermal expansion coefficient will rise unduly and it will become difficult to match with the thermal expansion coefficient of a soda-lime glass plate.
- TiO 2 + ZrO 2 is a component that increases acid resistance.
- the content of TiO 2 + ZrO 2 is 0 to 15%, preferably 0.1 to 10%, 1 to 8%, 1.5 to 7%, particularly preferably 2 to 6%.
- the content of TiO 2 + ZrO 2 is too large, the thermal stability tends to decrease, also the softening point is raised, the firing temperature of the composite powder is likely to rise.
- the content of TiO 2 + ZrO 2 is too small, it becomes difficult to increase the acid resistance.
- TiO 2 is a component that increases acid resistance.
- the content of TiO 2 is preferably 0 to 13%, 0 to 10%, 0.1 to 7%, 1 to 6%, particularly preferably 1.5 to 5%.
- the content of TiO 2 is too large, the thermal stability tends to decrease, also the softening point is raised, the firing temperature of the composite powder is likely to rise.
- the content of TiO 2 is too small, the acid resistance is likely to decrease.
- ZrO 2 is a component that increases acid resistance.
- the content of ZrO 2 is preferably 0 to 8%, 0 to 5%, 0 to 3%, 0 to 2%, particularly preferably 0.1 to less than 1%. If the content of ZrO 2 is too large, the thermal stability tends to decrease, the softening point increases, and the firing temperature of the composite powder tends to increase.
- components can be introduced up to 15%, for example, if necessary.
- the amount of other components introduced is preferably 10% or less, particularly preferably 5% or less. Examples of components that can be introduced in addition to the above components include the following.
- SrO is a component that enhances thermal stability.
- the content of SrO is preferably 0 to 10%, 0 to 7%, 0 to 5%, 0 to less than 3%, particularly preferably 0 to less than 1%.
- a thermal expansion coefficient will rise unduly and it will become difficult to match with the thermal expansion coefficient of a soda-lime glass plate.
- CuO is a component for coloring in black.
- the CuO content is preferably 0 to 8%, 0 to 5%, 0 to 3%, 0.5 to 2%, particularly preferably 0 to less than 1%. When there is too much content of CuO, thermal stability will fall easily.
- MgO, CaO, Cr 2 O 3 , MnO, SnO 2 , CeO 2 , P 2 O 5 , La 2 O 3 , Nd 2 O 3 , Co 2 O 3 , F, Cl, etc. are introduced. be able to.
- substantially PbO preferably contains no Bi 2 O 3.
- the composite powder of the present invention contains glass powder 55 to 95% by mass, inorganic pigment powder 5 to 45% by mass, refractory filler powder 0 to 20% by mass.
- the glass powder content is 55 to 95% by mass, preferably 55 to 90% by mass, 55 to 85% by mass, and 60 to 80% by mass, and particularly preferably 65 to 75% by mass.
- the content of the glass powder is too large, the inorganic pigment powder becomes relatively small, the ultraviolet shielding property is lowered, the organic adhesive is easily deteriorated, and the visible light shielding property is lowered.
- the design properties are likely to deteriorate.
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass powder is preferably 70 to 110 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 / ° C., 75 to 105 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 / ° C., and particularly preferably 80 to 100 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 / ° C. If the thermal expansion coefficient is too low, it is difficult to match the thermal expansion coefficient of the soda lime glass plate, and even if the thermal expansion coefficient is too high, it is difficult to match the thermal expansion coefficient of the soda lime glass plate. If the thermal expansion coefficients of the colored layer and the soda lime glass plate are inconsistent, cracks are likely to occur in the colored layer and / or soda lime glass plate, and the colored layer is likely to fall off.
- thermal expansion coefficient of glass powder refers to a value measured in a temperature range of 30 to 300 ° C. with a push rod type TMA apparatus.
- the glass powder is densely sintered and then shaped into a predetermined shape.
- a processed product may be used, or a molten glass formed into a bulk shape and annealed, and then processed into a predetermined shape may be used.
- the glass transition point of the glass powder as measured with a push rod type TMA apparatus is preferably 415 to 510 ° C, 435 to 490 ° C, and particularly preferably 455 to 480 ° C. If the glass transition point is too low, other characteristics, particularly acid resistance and thermal stability, are likely to be lowered. On the other hand, if the glass transition point is too high, the firing temperature rises and the soda lime glass plate may be thermally deformed during firing. Note that the lower the glass transition point, the lower the firing temperature.
- “the glass transition point of the glass powder when measured with a push rod type TMA apparatus” is measured in air, the heating rate is 10 ° C./min, and the glass powder is densely sintered as a measurement sample. After being processed, a product processed into a predetermined shape may be used, or a molten glass formed into a bulk shape and annealed and then processed into a predetermined shape may be used.
- the glass transition point of the glass powder when measured with a macro DTA apparatus is preferably 400 to 500 ° C., 420 to 480 ° C., particularly preferably 440 to 470 ° C. If the glass transition point is too low, other characteristics, particularly acid resistance and thermal stability, are likely to be lowered. On the other hand, if the glass transition point is too high, the firing temperature rises and the soda lime glass plate may be thermally deformed during firing. Note that the lower the glass transition point, the lower the firing temperature and the higher the color developability of the inorganic pigment powder.
- the glass transition point of the glass powder when measured with a macro type DTA apparatus is measured in air, and the rate of temperature rise is 10 ° C / min.
- the yield point of the glass powder when measured with a push rod type TMA apparatus is preferably 450 to 550 ° C., 470 to 530 ° C., particularly preferably 490 to 520 ° C. If the yield point is too low, other characteristics, particularly acid resistance and thermal stability, are likely to be reduced. On the other hand, if the yield point is too high, the firing temperature rises and the soda lime glass plate may be thermally deformed during firing. Note that the lower the yield point, the lower the firing temperature.
- “the yield point of the glass powder when measured with a push rod type TMA apparatus” is measured in air, the heating rate is 10 ° C./min, and the glass powder is densely sintered as a measurement sample. After that, a product processed into a predetermined shape may be used, or a molten glass formed into a bulk shape and annealed and then processed into a predetermined shape may be used.
- the softening point of the glass powder when measured with a macro type DTA apparatus is preferably 500 to 620 ° C., 510 to 590 ° C., particularly preferably 530 to 570 ° C. If the softening point is too low, other characteristics, particularly acid resistance and thermal stability, are likely to be lowered. On the other hand, if the softening point is too high, the firing temperature rises and the soda lime glass plate may be thermally deformed during firing. Note that the lower the softening point, the lower the firing temperature.
- “the softening point of the glass powder when measured with a macro DTA apparatus” refers to the temperature of the fourth inflection point measured with the macro DTA apparatus. C./min.
- the crystallization temperature of the glass powder as measured with a macro type DTA apparatus is preferably 550 ° C. or higher, 580 ° C. or higher, 590 to 700 ° C., particularly preferably 600 to 650 ° C. If the crystallization temperature is too low, the glass tends to devitrify at the time of melting and molding, and it becomes difficult to stably produce glass powder. In addition, it becomes possible to reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of the colored layer by precipitating low expansion crystals in the glass powder during firing.
- “the crystallization temperature of the glass powder when measured with a macro DTA apparatus” refers to the crystallization peak temperature measured with a macro DTA apparatus, the measurement is performed in air, and the rate of temperature increase is 10 ° C. / Minutes.
- the average particle diameter D 50 of the glass powder is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, a 1 ⁇ 7 [mu] m, particularly preferably 2 ⁇ 5 [mu] m.
- the maximum particle diameter D max of the glass powder is preferably 15 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 3 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the “average particle diameter D 50” refers to a value measured with a laser diffractometer, and in the cumulative particle size distribution curve based on volume when measured by the laser diffraction method, the accumulated amount is from the smaller particle.
- the cumulative particle size is 50%.
- Maximum particle diameter D max refers to a value measured by a laser diffractometer. In the volume-based cumulative particle size distribution curve measured by the laser diffraction method, the accumulated amount is 99 from the smaller particle. % Represents the particle size.
- the content of the inorganic pigment powder is 5 to 45% by mass, preferably 10 to 45% by mass, 15 to 45% by mass, 20 to 40% by mass, and particularly preferably 25 to 35% by mass.
- the content of the inorganic pigment powder is too small, the ultraviolet shielding property is lowered, the organic adhesive is easily deteriorated, the visible light shielding property is lowered, and the design property is easily lowered.
- the content of the inorganic pigment powder is too large, the glass powder becomes relatively small, and the sticking property between the soda lime glass plate and the colored layer tends to be lowered.
- the inorganic pigment powder is preferably a composite oxide. Since the composite oxide is structurally stable, it has high heat resistance, acid resistance, and water resistance.
- complex oxides include Al—Co complex oxides, Al—Co—Cr complex oxides, Al—Cr—Fe—Zn complex oxides, Al—Co—Li—Ti complex oxides, Al-Cu-Fe-Mn complex oxide, Al-Fe-Mn complex oxide, Al-Si complex oxide, Ba-Ni-Ti complex oxide, Ca-Cr-Si-Sn complex oxide Co-Cr composite oxide, Co-Cr-Fe-Mn composite oxide, Co-Cr-Fe-Ni composite oxide, Co-Cr-Fe-Ni-Si-Zr composite oxide, Co-Cr-Fe complex oxide, Co-Cr-Fe-Mn complex oxide, Co-Cr-Fe-Ni-Zn complex oxide, Co-Fe complex oxide, Co-Fe-Mn- Ni-based composite oxide, Co-Li-
- These inorganic pigments include (Co, Fe, Mn) (Fe, Cr, Mn) 2 O 4 , (Ni, Co, Fe) (Fe, Cr) 2 O 4 , (Ni, Co, Fe) (Fe , Cr) 2 O 4.
- the inorganic pigment powder is preferably black, and as the black inorganic pigment powder, an Al—Cu—Fe—Mn composite oxide, an Al—Fe—Mn composite oxide, a Co—Cr—Fe composite oxide, Co-Cr-Fe-Mn composite oxide, Co-Cr-Fe-Ni composite oxide, Co-Cr-Fe-Mn composite oxide, Co-Cr-Fe-Ni-Zn composite oxide, Co-Fe-Mn-Ni-based composite oxide, Cr-Cu-based composite oxide, Cr-Cu-Mn-based composite oxide, Cr-Fe-Mn-based composite oxide, Fe-Mn-based composite oxide, Ti n O 2n-1 (n is an integer), Cr 2 O 3 , and C are preferable.
- Cr-Cu-Mn complex oxides As inorganic pigment powders, Cr-Cu-Mn complex oxides, Cr-Fe-Mn complex oxides, Cr-Co complex oxides from the viewpoints of visible light shielding properties, ultraviolet light shielding properties, and black color development properties.
- Cr-based composite oxides such as Cr—Fe—Ni based composite oxides are preferred, and Cr—Cu—Mn based composite oxides and Cr—Fe—Mn based composite oxides are particularly preferred.
- the average particle diameter D 50 of the inorganic pigment powder is preferably not 9 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 1 ⁇ 4 [mu] m.
- the maximum particle diameter D max of the inorganic pigment powder is preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 2 to 6 ⁇ m. If the particle size of the inorganic pigment powder is too large, the screen printability tends to be lowered, and the color tone of the colored layer tends to be white.
- the content of the refractory filler powder is 0 to 20% by mass, preferably 0 to 15% by mass, 0 to 10% by mass, 0 to 5% by mass, 0 to 1% by mass, and particularly preferably 0 to 0% by mass. Less than 1% by mass. When there is too much content of a refractory filler powder, the fixed property of a soda-lime glass plate and a colored layer will fall easily.
- cordierite willemite, alumina, zirconium phosphate, zircon, zirconia, tin oxide, mullite, silica, ⁇ -eucryptite, ⁇ -spodumene, ⁇ -quartz solid solution, zirconium tungstate phosphate, etc. Can be used.
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite powder is preferably 70 to 110 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 / ° C., 75 to 95 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 / ° C., and particularly preferably 80 to 92 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 / ° C. If the thermal expansion coefficient is too low, it is difficult to match the thermal expansion coefficient of the soda lime glass plate, and even if the thermal expansion coefficient is too high, it is difficult to match the thermal expansion coefficient of the soda lime glass plate.
- the composite powder paste of the present invention is a composite powder paste containing a composite powder and a vehicle, wherein the composite powder is the composite powder described above.
- the composite powder paste of the present invention includes the technical features of the composite powder of the present invention, but since the contents have been described, the description thereof is omitted for convenience.
- the vehicle is mainly composed of solvent and resin.
- the solvent is added for the purpose of uniformly dispersing the composite powder while dissolving the resin.
- the resin is added for the purpose of adjusting the viscosity of the paste.
- surfactant, a thickener, etc. can also be added as needed.
- acrylic acid ester (acrylic resin), ethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol derivative, nitrocellulose, polymethylstyrene, polyethylene carbonate, methacrylic acid ester and the like can be used.
- acrylic acid ester and ethyl cellulose are preferable because they have good thermal decomposability.
- Solvents include pine oil, N, N′-dimethylformamide (DMF), ⁇ -terpineol, higher alcohol, ⁇ -butyllactone ( ⁇ -BL), tetralin, butyl carbitol acetate, ethyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, diethylene glycol monoethyl Ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, benzyl alcohol, toluene, 3-methoxy-3-methylbutanol, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether , Tripropylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene carbonate, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone There can be used. In particular, ⁇ -terpineol is preferable because it is highly viscous and has good solubility in resins and the like.
- the composite powder paste is produced, for example, by mixing the composite powder and the vehicle and then uniformly kneading with a three-roll mill.
- the composite material paste is applied to a soda lime glass plate using a coating machine such as a screen printer, and then subjected to a drying process and a baking process. Thereby, a colored layer can be formed on the surface of a soda-lime glass plate.
- the part to which the composite material paste is applied is the peripheral part of the windshield, side glass, and rear glass.
- a silver paste layer may be formed so as to cover a part of the composite powder paste after coating.
- the drying step is a step of volatilizing the solvent. The drying process is generally performed at 70 to 150 ° C. for 10 to 60 minutes.
- the firing step is a step of decomposing and volatilizing the resin and sintering the composite powder to fix the colored layer on the surface of the soda lime glass plate.
- the conditions for the firing process are generally 580 to 640 ° C. and 5 to 30 minutes. The lower the firing temperature in the firing step, the better the production efficiency.
- the glass plate with a colored layer of the present invention is a glass plate with a colored layer having a colored layer, wherein the colored layer is a sintered body of a composite powder, and the composite powder is the above composite powder. .
- the glass plate with a colored layer of the present invention includes the technical features of the composite powder of the present invention, since the contents thereof have been described, the description thereof is omitted for convenience.
- Crystals may be precipitated in the colored layer as long as the adhesion to the soda lime glass plate and the color developability are not impaired.
- the glass plate with a colored layer of the present invention may be subjected to bending or the like as well as a flat plate shape.
- the glass plate with a colored layer is bent by a molding device such as a press device or a vacuum adsorption molding device.
- a molding device such as a press device or a vacuum adsorption molding device.
- stainless steel covered with a glass fiber cloth is usually used for the mold.
- Table 1 shows examples (sample Nos. 1 to 9) and comparative examples (sample No. 10) of the present invention.
- the raw materials were prepared so as to have the glass composition described in the table, mixed uniformly, and a glass batch was obtained. Then, the glass batch was placed in a platinum crucible and melted at 1300 ° C. for 2 hours. Thereafter, the molten glass was formed into a film or a bulk. Subsequently, the obtained glass film was pulverized in a ball mill, and air classification, the average particle diameter D 50 of 2.5 [mu] m, maximum particle diameter D max to obtain a glass powder 6.0 .mu.m. For each sample, the density, glass transition point, yield point, softening point, and crystallization temperature were measured.
- the density is a value measured by the Archimedes method, and annealed bulk glass was used as a measurement sample.
- the thermal expansion coefficient is a value measured in a temperature range of 30 to 300 ° C. using a push rod type TMA apparatus, and a sample obtained by processing annealed bulk glass into a predetermined shape was used.
- the glass transition point was measured with a push rod type TMA apparatus and a macro type DTA apparatus. The measurement was performed in air, and the rate of temperature increase was 10 ° C./min.
- the yield point (self-weight deformation temperature) is a value measured with a push rod TMA apparatus, and a sample obtained by processing annealed bulk glass into a predetermined shape was used.
- the softening point is the temperature at the fourth inflection point when each glass powder was measured with a macro DTA apparatus. The measurement was performed in air, and the rate of temperature increase was 10 ° C./min.
- the crystallization temperature is a peak temperature obtained by measuring each glass powder with a macro DTA apparatus. The measurement was performed in air, and the rate of temperature increase was 10 ° C./min.
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite powder was determined by measuring each composite powder by holding and firing at 580 ° C. for 20 minutes and then sintering it into a predetermined shape, and using a push rod type TMA apparatus to measure the temperature at 30 to 300 ° C. It is a value measured in the range.
- the obtained composite powder and vehicle were mixed and then uniformly kneaded with a three-roll mill to obtain a composite powder paste.
- a vehicle in which ethylcellulose was dissolved in ⁇ -terpineol was used, and the mass ratio composite powder / vehicle was adjusted to 2 to 3.
- the composite powder paste was screen-printed on one side of a 10 cm square soda lime glass plate (manufactured by Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd .: plate thickness 2.8 mm), dried at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes, and then subjected to electricity at 580 ° C.
- the glass plate with a colored layer having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m was obtained by putting in a furnace, firing for 10 minutes, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
- the acid resistance was evaluated as follows. After immersing the glass substrate with the colored layer in sulfuric acid (0.05 mol / l) at 80 ° C. for 8 hours, the colored layer does not fall off, and no discoloration is observed when observed from the soda lime glass plate side. In addition, when the change in the L * value was within +2 before and after immersion, “ ⁇ ”, the colored layer was missing or the colored layer was not removed, and discoloration was observed when observed from the soda lime glass plate side. Although it was not possible, the case where the change in L * value was more than +2 before and after immersion was evaluated as “x”. The L * value was measured with CR-200 manufactured by Minolta Camera Co., Ltd.
- sample No. 1 to 9 had good acid resistance.
- sample No. No. 10 had poor acid resistance.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
- ガラス粉末 55~95質量%、無機顔料粉末 5~45質量%、耐火性フィラー粉末 0~20質量%を含有する複合粉末であって、
ガラス粉末が、ガラス組成として、モル%で、SiO2 45~62%、B2O3 0~10%、Al2O3 0~9%、ZnO 12~32%、Li2O+Na2O+K2O 12~28%、BaO 0~10%、TiO2+ZrO2 0~15%を含有することを特徴とする複合粉末。 - ガラス粉末中のTiO2+ZrO2の含有量が0.1~10%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合粉末。
- ガラス粉末中のモル比SiO2/B2O3が5~15であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の複合粉末。
- ガラス粉末中のモル比ZnO/B2O3が1~6であることを特徴とする請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載の複合粉末。
- ガラス粉末中のBaOの含有量が0.1~5%であることを特徴とする請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の複合粉末。
- ガラス粉末中のSiO2+ZnOの含有量が65%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1~5の何れか1項に記載の複合粉末。
- ガラス粉末中のLi2Oの含有量が5~20%であることを特徴とする請求項1~6の何れかに記載の複合粉末。
- ガラス粉末中に、実質的にPbO、Bi2O3を含まないことを特徴とする請求項1~7の何れか1項に記載の複合粉末。
- 無機顔料粉末がCr系複合酸化物であることを特徴とする請求項1~8の何れか1項に記載の複合粉末。
- ガラス粉末 55~85質量%、無機顔料粉末 15~45質量%、耐火性フィラー粉末 0~10質量%を含有することを特徴とする請求項1~9の何れか1項に記載の複合粉末。
- 複合粉末とビークルを含む複合粉末ペーストであって、複合粉末が請求項1~10の何れか1項に記載の複合粉末であることを特徴とする複合粉末ペースト。
- 着色層を有する着色層付きガラス板であって、
着色層が複合粉末の焼結体であり、且つ複合粉末が請求項1~10の何れか1項に記載の複合粉末であることを特徴とする着色層付きガラス板。 - ガラス板がソーダライムガラス板であることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の着色層付きガラス板。
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580003623.7A CN105899468A (zh) | 2014-01-14 | 2015-01-13 | 复合粉末及复合粉末糊剂 |
| KR1020167016766A KR20160106574A (ko) | 2014-01-14 | 2015-01-13 | 복합 분말 및 복합 분말 페이스트 |
| US15/103,909 US20170036945A1 (en) | 2014-01-14 | 2015-01-13 | Composite powder and paste of composite powder |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014003885A JP2015131743A (ja) | 2014-01-14 | 2014-01-14 | 複合粉末及び複合粉末ペースト |
| JP2014-003885 | 2014-01-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2015108013A1 true WO2015108013A1 (ja) | 2015-07-23 |
Family
ID=53542903
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2015/050584 Ceased WO2015108013A1 (ja) | 2014-01-14 | 2015-01-13 | 複合粉末及び複合粉末ペースト |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20170036945A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2015131743A (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20160106574A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN105899468A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2015108013A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10465285B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2019-11-05 | Goodrich Corporation | High temperature oxidation protection for composites |
| US10377675B2 (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-08-13 | Goodrich Corporation | High temperature oxidation protection for composites |
| US10508206B2 (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2019-12-17 | Goodrich Corporation | High temperature oxidation protection for composites |
| JP6952949B2 (ja) * | 2016-10-04 | 2021-10-27 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | ホウケイ酸系ガラス、複合粉末材料及び複合粉末材料ペースト |
| US10526253B2 (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2020-01-07 | Goodrich Corporation | High temperature oxidation protection for composites |
| WO2019051148A1 (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2019-03-14 | Peiser Mark C | GLASS COMPOSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS |
| CO2017013094A1 (es) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-28 | Agp America Sa | Artículo de vidrio con frita de vidrio y método de formación de fritas de vidrio |
| MY200773A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2024-01-15 | Denka Company Ltd | Powder and mixed powder |
| US11046619B2 (en) | 2018-08-13 | 2021-06-29 | Goodrich Corporation | High temperature oxidation protection for composites |
| US11634213B2 (en) | 2018-11-14 | 2023-04-25 | Goodrich Corporation | High temperature oxidation protection for composites |
| WO2021024918A1 (ja) * | 2019-08-06 | 2021-02-11 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | セラミック配線基板、セラミック配線基板用セラミックグリーンシート及びセラミック配線基板用ガラスセラミックス粉末 |
| US12246994B2 (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2025-03-11 | Goodrich Corporation | High temperature oxidation protection for composites |
| US12330996B2 (en) | 2021-05-05 | 2025-06-17 | Goodrich Corporation | High temperature oxidation protection for carbon-carbon composites |
| US12065380B2 (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2024-08-20 | Goodrich Corporation | High temperature oxidation protection for carbon-carbon composites |
| US12344564B2 (en) | 2022-01-07 | 2025-07-01 | Goodrich Corporation | Oxidation protection with improved water resistance for composites |
| US12319622B2 (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2025-06-03 | Goodrich Corporation | Oxidation protection of composites |
| US12565450B2 (en) | 2022-06-17 | 2026-03-03 | Goodrich Corporation | Oxidation protection for carbon-carbon composites |
| US12583785B2 (en) | 2023-03-20 | 2026-03-24 | Goodrich Corporation | Advanced oxidation protection system with broad temperature range capability |
| US12559634B2 (en) | 2023-03-20 | 2026-02-24 | Goodrich Corporation | Oxidation protective systems and methods of manufacture |
| CN116543947B (zh) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-10-31 | 浙江晶科新材料有限公司 | N型太阳能电池银铝浆的添加剂、其制备方法及银铝浆 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0967139A (ja) * | 1995-08-28 | 1997-03-11 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | ガラス着色用フリット組成物 |
| JPH09255359A (ja) * | 1996-03-26 | 1997-09-30 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 被膜形成用組成物 |
| JP2002179435A (ja) * | 2000-12-11 | 2002-06-26 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | ガラス、セラミックカラー組成物およびセラミックカラー層付ガラス板 |
| JP2009078955A (ja) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-16 | Okuno Chem Ind Co Ltd | 無鉛セラミックカラー組成物 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4035673B2 (ja) | 1997-11-28 | 2008-01-23 | 奥野製薬工業株式会社 | セラミックカラー組成物、成形板ガラス及びその成形方法 |
-
2014
- 2014-01-14 JP JP2014003885A patent/JP2015131743A/ja active Pending
-
2015
- 2015-01-13 US US15/103,909 patent/US20170036945A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-01-13 WO PCT/JP2015/050584 patent/WO2015108013A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2015-01-13 KR KR1020167016766A patent/KR20160106574A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2015-01-13 CN CN201580003623.7A patent/CN105899468A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0967139A (ja) * | 1995-08-28 | 1997-03-11 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | ガラス着色用フリット組成物 |
| JPH09255359A (ja) * | 1996-03-26 | 1997-09-30 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 被膜形成用組成物 |
| JP2002179435A (ja) * | 2000-12-11 | 2002-06-26 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | ガラス、セラミックカラー組成物およびセラミックカラー層付ガラス板 |
| JP2009078955A (ja) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-16 | Okuno Chem Ind Co Ltd | 無鉛セラミックカラー組成物 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20160106574A (ko) | 2016-09-12 |
| JP2015131743A (ja) | 2015-07-23 |
| CN105899468A (zh) | 2016-08-24 |
| US20170036945A1 (en) | 2017-02-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2015108013A1 (ja) | 複合粉末及び複合粉末ペースト | |
| WO2014192686A1 (ja) | 複合粉末、複合粉末ペースト及び着色層付きガラス板 | |
| US7560401B2 (en) | Frits and obscuration enamels for automotive applications | |
| JP4586184B2 (ja) | セラミックカラー用ガラス粉末及びセラミックカラー組成物 | |
| JP5574518B2 (ja) | 封着材料 | |
| WO2010084925A1 (ja) | ガラス組成物および基板上にそれを具備する部材 | |
| WO2012014886A1 (ja) | 無アルカリカバーガラス組成物及びそれを用いた光取り出し部材 | |
| JP6260770B2 (ja) | ガラス、ガラス粉末、複合粉末及び着色層付きガラス板 | |
| JP6701541B2 (ja) | ガラス粉末、複合粉末及び絵付層付き低膨張基板 | |
| JP4347796B2 (ja) | 耐久性ガラスエナメル組成物 | |
| JP4930897B2 (ja) | Bi2O3−B2O3系封着材料 | |
| JPH06234547A (ja) | セラミックカラー組成物およびそれを使用する曲面ガラス板の製造法 | |
| JP5668322B2 (ja) | 光学ガラス、ガラスフリット及びガラス層付き透光性基板 | |
| JP2004269322A (ja) | セラミックカラー組成物、セラミックカラーペースト、セラミックカラー層付きガラス板の製造方法 | |
| WO2020153061A1 (ja) | ガラス粉末及びそれを用いた封着材料 | |
| WO2012144334A1 (ja) | 封着材料及び封着用ガラスビーズ | |
| JP2011121809A (ja) | マスキングインク用ガラス組成物、マスキングインク、フィルタ基板とその製造方法、及びディスプレイ装置 | |
| JP2015137190A (ja) | 複合粉末及び複合粉末ペースト | |
| WO2016084627A1 (ja) | ガラス粉末、複合粉末及び絵付層付き低膨張基板 | |
| JP6587128B2 (ja) | ガラス粉末及びこれを用いた複合粉末 | |
| JP2000154038A (ja) | セラミックカラー組成物および曲面ガラス板の製造方法 | |
| WO2016175093A1 (ja) | ガラス粉末及びこれを用いた複合粉末 | |
| JP6686410B2 (ja) | ガラス粉末、複合粉末及び絵付層付き結晶化ガラス基板 | |
| JP2016079084A (ja) | セラミックカラー組成物、セラミックカラー層付きガラス板およびその製造方法 | |
| JP2014114177A (ja) | セラミックカラー組成物及びガラス板 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15737815 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15103909 Country of ref document: US |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20167016766 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 15737815 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
