WO2015107867A1 - モータ駆動装置 - Google Patents
モータ駆動装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015107867A1 WO2015107867A1 PCT/JP2015/000005 JP2015000005W WO2015107867A1 WO 2015107867 A1 WO2015107867 A1 WO 2015107867A1 JP 2015000005 W JP2015000005 W JP 2015000005W WO 2015107867 A1 WO2015107867 A1 WO 2015107867A1
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- voltage side
- side switching
- low
- power supply
- switching element
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/538—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration
- H02M7/5381—Parallel type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/20—Arrangements for starting
- H02P6/21—Open loop start
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the means for detecting the position of the rotor
- H02P2203/03—Determination of the rotor position, e.g. initial rotor position, during standstill or low speed operation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a motor drive device by inverter control.
- a bootstrap power source constituted by a diode, a resistor and a capacitor is used for a high voltage side switching element driving unit of an inverter circuit.
- the capacitor of the bootstrap power supply is charged to a stable potential when the low voltage side switching element of the inverter circuit is turned on or off when the motor is started (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- FIG. 6 shows a conventional motor driving device described in Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 6 shows the connection relationship of one-phase (U-phase) inverter, drive circuit, and bootstrap circuit of a motor drive device that drives a three-phase motor.
- an inverter 102 (only one phase is shown in FIG. 6) that drives a three-phase motor is a three-phase full bridge that uses six circuits in which switching elements and diodes are connected in antiparallel. It is configured.
- the high-voltage side drive circuit 104 and the low-voltage side drive circuit 105 perform on / off control of the high-voltage side switching element 102a and the low-voltage side switching element 102b in accordance with the states of the input signal Up and the input signal Un, respectively.
- the U-phase bootstrap circuit 106 is constituted by a series connection of a DC power supply 106a of about 15V, a diode 106b, a resistor 106c, and a capacitor 106d.
- the negative potential side of the capacitor 106d is connected to the negative potential side of the high-voltage side drive circuit 104, and is commonly connected to the emitter terminal of the high-voltage side switching element 102a.
- the positive side terminal of the capacitor 106 d is connected to the power source side terminal of the high voltage side drive circuit 104.
- the low voltage side switching element 102b is intermittently energized with an on / off duty of 50%, so that the capacitor 106d is connected from the DC power source 106a via the diode 106b and the resistor 106c during the time when the low voltage side switching element 102b is in the on state. Is initially charged. Thereby, the power supply of the high voltage side drive circuit 104 is ensured, and the high voltage side switching element 102a is in a drivable state.
- the high voltage side switching element 102a is PWM-controlled.
- the charging operation in the bootstrap circuit 106 will be described.
- the high voltage side switching element 102a is turned off, the accumulated energy of the inductance of the motor (not shown) flows as a regenerative current through the low voltage side diode 102h.
- the negative terminal of the capacitor 106d of the bootstrap circuit 106 is close to the GND level of the circuit of the inverter 102, and the capacitor 106d is charged. Therefore, when the low-voltage side switching element 102b is turned on and when the high-voltage side switching element 102a is turned off after being turned on, the capacitor 106d is charged, and the bootstrap potential is kept stable.
- the diode of the bootstrap circuit can be turned on and off at high speed and has a relatively large current rating capable of injecting charge into the capacitor in a short time.
- a current limiting resistor is required to keep the current below the diode rating.
- the bootstrap circuit is required for three phases, and each circuit has a high potential difference. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain an insulation distance according to safety regulations, resulting in an increase in circuit area.
- the diode of the bootstrap circuit is replaced with a MOSFET capable of high-speed switching, and the bootstrap circuit is charged by charging the charge pump power source in which the gate drive of the MOSFET is synchronized with the drive signal of the low-voltage side switching element. Is used.
- the low-voltage side switching element is continuously energized in the low-speed drive region immediately after the motor is started, and the potential of the charge pump power supply for driving the MOSFET gate is lowered. As a result, the switch portion of the bootstrap power supply is turned off, causing a motor start failure.
- the present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems, and a motor that can secure a stable voltage in the drive power supply of the switch part of the bootstrap power supply and can reliably turn on and off the switch part of the bootstrap power supply.
- the motor driving device of the present invention includes a brushless DC motor including a rotor having a permanent magnet and a stator, and an inverter that converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage.
- the drive voltage of the high voltage side switching element connected to the drive circuit having the high voltage side drive unit for driving the high voltage side switching element of the inverter and the low voltage side drive unit for driving the low voltage side switching element, and the high voltage side of the inverter.
- the capacitor of the charge pump power supply is charged when a predetermined switching element of the inverter is in an OFF state. Further, the on-state time and off-state time of the predetermined switching element are controlled to charge the capacitor of the charge pump power supply so that the predetermined switching element is not turned on longer than the predetermined time. Is.
- the charge pump power source that drives the switch portion of the bootstrap power source can stably ensure a certain potential.
- the switch portion of the bootstrap power supply can be turned on reliably and stably.
- the drive circuit power supply for the high-voltage side switching element of the inverter stably secures a certain potential or higher, the high-voltage side switching element can be reliably controlled to be turned on and off.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a motor drive device according to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a timing chart at the time of motor startup in the first and second embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a timing chart at the time of positioning of the motor drive device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a drive signal generation unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a timing chart at the time of positioning of the motor drive device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit for one phase of a conventional motor drive device.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a motor drive device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- a brushless DC motor 1 includes a rotor 1a having a permanent magnet and a stator 1b having a three-phase winding.
- the inverter 2 is constituted by a three-phase full bridge in which a circuit in which six switching elements 2a to 2f are connected in series is connected in parallel in three circuits. Note that diodes 2g to 2l are connected in antiparallel to each switching element.
- Each end of the three-phase winding of the stator 1b of the brushless DC motor 1 is connected to a connection point of series connection of switching elements of the inverter 2.
- the drive circuit 3 will be described.
- drive circuit 3 is described only for one phase including high-voltage side switching element 2a and low-voltage side switching element 2b.
- the other two phases are the same drive circuit as the drive circuit 3 described below. It is connected to the.
- the drive circuit 3 is a drive circuit for the switching element of the inverter 2.
- the high voltage side switching element 2 a connected to the high voltage side of the inverter 2 is driven by the high voltage side element driving unit 4 in accordance with a Hin signal input to the high voltage side element driving unit 4 of the drive circuit 3.
- the low voltage side switching element 2 b connected to the ground side of the inverter 2 is driven by the low voltage side element drive unit 5 in accordance with the Lin signal input to the low voltage side element drive unit 5 of the drive circuit 3.
- the bootstrap power supply 6 includes a diode 6a, a switch unit 6b, and a capacitor 6c.
- the bootstrap power supply 6 is a power supply for the high-voltage side element drive unit 4 and serves as a drive voltage for the switch unit 6b.
- a semiconductor element switch element is preferably used for the switch unit 6b, and for example, a MOSFET or the like is used.
- the charge pump power supply 7 which is a switch driving unit is composed of a diode 7a, a capacitor 7b and a driving unit 7c.
- the charge pump power supply 7 turns on the switch unit 6b by supplying a voltage to the switch unit 6b.
- the drive unit 7c is driven in synchronization with the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f because the drive signal Lin for the low-voltage side switching element 2b is input.
- a high-speed diode is generally used for the series circuit part of the diode 6a and the switch part 6b, but in this embodiment, a high-speed diode is used.
- a MOSFET capable of switching is used.
- the diode 6a is inserted in series in a direction that prevents the charge of the capacitor 6c from flowing backward to the VCC side.
- the switch unit 6b When a MOSFET is used for the switch unit 6b, the high-voltage side element drive unit 4, the low-voltage side element drive unit 5, the diode 6a, the switch unit (MOSFET) 6b, and the charge pump power supply 7 can be configured as a one-chip integrated circuit. It becomes possible. As a result, the number of parts of the drive circuit 3 can be reduced, and the size and cost can be reduced.
- the capacitor 6c of the bootstrap power supply 6 is connected to VCC when the switch unit 6b is turned on, and is charged when the potential difference between the VCC potential and the capacitor 6c potential is larger than the forward voltage of the diode 6a.
- first charging mode When the low-voltage side switching element 2b is energized (first charging mode), and the other is immediately after the energization of the high-voltage side switching element 2a (transition from on to off) to the low-voltage side diode 2h. At the time of recirculation (second charging mode).
- the potential at the connection point A drops to near GND, and from the power supply VCC through the diode 6a and the switch unit 6b.
- the capacitor 6c is charged by the flowing current.
- the energy stored in the motor winding of the stator 1b is returned to the reflux mode via the diode 2h. Released at. Accordingly, the potential at the connection point A drops below the GND level, and the capacitor 6c is charged by the current flowing from the power supply VCC.
- the low signal is input as the Lin signal to the low voltage side element driving unit 5 of the drive circuit 3
- the low voltage side element driving unit 5 outputs a low signal
- the low voltage side switching element 2b is in the OFF state.
- a low signal is input to the drive unit 7c of the charge pump power supply 7, and the drive unit 7c outputs a low signal.
- the drive unit 7c connection side terminal of the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 becomes a potential near GND, and the capacitor 7b is charged by the current flowing from the VCC through the diode 7a.
- the drive voltage of the switch part 6b becomes a voltage obtained by subtracting the ON voltage of the diode 7a from VCC.
- the switch unit 6b When the potential difference between this voltage and the capacitor 6c of the bootstrap power supply is greater than or equal to a predetermined potential difference, the switch unit 6b is turned on. That is, when the voltage of the capacitor 6c is lower than a certain level, the switch unit 6b is turned on. Next, when the Lin signal changes from a low signal to a high signal, the output of the drive unit 7c becomes VCC, and the potential of the capacitor 7b rises to a potential obtained by subtracting the forward voltage of the diode 7a from twice the VCC voltage. . At this time, when the potential of the capacitor 6c of the bootstrap power supply 6 is near VCC, the switch unit 6b is turned on.
- FIG. 2 shows driving signals of the switching elements when the brushless DC motor 1 is started.
- the shaded portion indicates the timing when the switching element is turned on.
- Interval B in FIG. 2 is an initial charging interval of the capacitor 6c of the bootstrap circuit.
- a drive command for the brushless DC motor 1 is transmitted, a high signal is input to the drive signals Lin (Un, Vn, Wn) transmitted to all three low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f of the inverter 2. Is done. Thereby, the low voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f are turned on.
- a high signal is output from the drive unit 7c of the charge pump power supply 7, and the potential of the capacitor 7b becomes a potential that is reduced by the voltage drop of the diode 7a from twice VCC, and the switch unit 6b of the bootstrap power supply 6 Turned on.
- the connection side terminal of the capacitor 6c of the bootstrap circuit with the switching elements 2a to 2f is at a potential close to the GND level. Accordingly, the capacitor 6c of the bootstrap circuit is charged with the charge injected from VCC, so that the power supply voltage of the high-voltage side element driving unit 4 is secured and the high-voltage side switching element 2a can be driven.
- section C in FIG. 2 when the high-voltage side switching element is energized in section D, upper and lower switching elements in the same phase (in FIG. 2, for example, W-phase high-voltage side switching element 2e and W-phase low-voltage side switching element 2f ) Is a dead time interval provided so as not to be in the simultaneous energization state.
- This section is not necessary when an element or the like that logically prohibits simultaneous upper and lower energization by a half-bridge gate driver or the like is used.
- the section D in FIG. 2 is a “positioning control” section in which the rotational position of the rotor 1a is fixed at a predetermined position by energizing an arbitrary phase of the winding of the stator 1b of the brushless DC motor 1.
- the high-voltage side switching element 2e and the low-voltage side switching element 2b are in the on state.
- the magnetic pole position of the rotor 1a is determined to be a predetermined position in the section D, and in the section E, a predetermined switching element driving (that is, winding for starting energization) pattern is switched.
- the motor can be started and operated stably.
- the switching element on either the high voltage side or the low voltage side is switched at an arbitrary frequency with an arbitrary on / off time ratio.
- the voltage applied to the brushless DC motor 1 is adjusted (PWM control).
- the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e While the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e are turned on, the voltage across the capacitor 6c is reduced due to the consumption and discharge of the charge of the capacitor 6c of the bootstrap power supply 6. Therefore, when the continuous energization time of the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e is long, a large-capacity capacitor capacity is required (parts need to be enlarged and cost increased). For this reason, in the present embodiment, a method is used in which the high voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e are turned on and off by PWM control to provide a charging path for the capacitor 6c of the bootstrap power supply 6.
- the “stator positioning control section” in which the low-side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f are in an on-state time is long.
- the “low-speed drive section after start-up” the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e of the high-voltage side energized phase and the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f of the low-voltage side energized phase are turned on and off at a predetermined time interval.
- the time during which the low voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f are turned on and the time during which the low voltage side switching elements 2b, 2f are turned off is controlled to provide a charging period for the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7.
- FIG. 3 is a timing chart of the switching element of the energized phase (current flows from the W-phase winding to the U-phase winding) when the rotor 1a is positioned in the present embodiment.
- Wp indicates a drive signal for the W-phase high-voltage switching element
- Un indicates a drive signal for the U-phase low-voltage switching element.
- time T is a PWM cycle
- section D1 is an ON section of the W-phase high-voltage side switching element
- section D2 is an OFF section of the U-phase low-voltage side switching element.
- the Lin signal in FIG. 1 becomes a low signal, and the output signal of the drive unit 7c of the charge pump power supply 7 is also outputted as a low signal.
- the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e can be reliably turned on, so that the stator 1b can be reliably fixed at a predetermined position in the positioning control at the time of activation. it can. Thereby, it is possible to ensure a stable start-up performance of the brushless DC motor 1.
- the ON / OFF cycle of the U-phase low-voltage side switching element coincides with the PWM cycle of the W-phase high-voltage side, but is arbitrarily set as the time during which the charge of the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is discharged. It doesn't matter.
- the motor driving apparatus includes the brushless DC motor 1 including the rotor 1a having a permanent magnet and the stator 1b, the high-voltage side switching element (for example, 2a), and the low-voltage side switching element (
- the brushless DC motor 1 including the rotor 1a having a permanent magnet and the stator 1b, the high-voltage side switching element (for example, 2a), and the low-voltage side switching element (
- it has an inverter 2 to which a DC voltage is input and an AC voltage is output at both ends of which three pairs of switching elements connected in series with 2b) are connected in parallel.
- a bootstrap power source 6 having a capacitor 6c and a switch unit 6b for driving a high-voltage side switching element (for example, 2a) of the inverter 2, and a charge pump power source 7 for driving the switch unit 6b of the bootstrap power source 6.
- the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is charged when the low voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f of the inverter 2 are turned off. Further, in the “stator positioning control section” and “low-speed drive section after start-up” in which the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f of the inverter 2 are long, the low-voltage side switching elements of the energized phase are also turned on. The capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is charged by being controlled so as not to be longer than a predetermined time.
- the charge pump power supply 7 that drives the switch section 6b of the bootstrap power supply 6 can stably secure a potential higher than a certain level, the switch section 6b of the bootstrap power supply 6 can be turned on reliably and stably. It becomes possible to make it.
- the power of the drive circuit for the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e of the inverter 2 can be stably secured, the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e can be reliably turned on and off. It is possible to control off.
- the brushless DC motor 1 when the brushless DC motor 1 is started, when the winding of an arbitrary stator 1b is energized to fix the rotational position of the rotor 1a, the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f of the inverter 2 are turned on. Is turned off at an arbitrary frequency, the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is charged. As a result, even when positioning the rotor 1a that needs to be energized for a relatively long time in the same energization winding, the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is sufficiently charged, and the charge pump power supply 7 has a predetermined voltage. Can be held.
- the switch unit 6b of the bootstrap power supply 6 is reliably turned on, the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e of the inverter 2 can be reliably driven. Thereby, the brushless DC motor 1 can be started stably.
- Embodiment 2 Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. A description of the same configuration as that in Embodiment 1 is omitted.
- FIG. 1 A block diagram of a motor driving device according to the second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 as in the first embodiment.
- control at the time of starting the brushless DC motor 1 of the motor drive device in the second embodiment is basically the same control as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, but in the second embodiment, In addition to the control performed in the first embodiment, the following control is performed. That is, in the second embodiment, the energization time is increased by correcting the on-state time of the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e according to the off-state time of the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f. Yes.
- the reason for such a configuration is as follows.
- the “low-side driving period after startup” and the “low-speed driving period after startup” in which the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f are in the on-state time ie, the non-charging period of the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7)
- the charging time of the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is provided by turning on and off the low voltage side switching element of the energized phase at a predetermined interval together with the high voltage side switching element of the energized phase. .
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the drive signal generation unit 10 of the switching elements 2a to 2f in the second embodiment. A method for generating an ON signal and an OFF signal for each switching element, including ON time correction for the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e, is shown.
- the output of the drive signal generation unit 10 includes each phase (U phase, V phase, W phase) of the inverter 2, the drive signal Hin of the high voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, 2e and the low voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d. , 2f drive signal Lin.
- the switching elements 2a to 2f are turned on or off by these output signals.
- the low-voltage side drive waveform generation unit 11 has an off state time by the low-voltage side element off time setting unit 12 and a commutation cycle based on the motor drive speed by the second PWM timer 17 and the commutation cycle command unit 14. As a result, driving signals for the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f are generated.
- the voltage command unit 15 instructs a voltage to be applied to the brushless DC motor 1 based on a preset positioning current value, a starting torque when the brushless DC motor 1 is started, and a speed feedback control when the brushless DC motor 1 is driven. To do.
- the on-time correction unit 16 turns off the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f set by the low-voltage side element off-time setting unit 12 to the voltage to be applied to the brushless DC motor 1 instructed by the voltage command unit 15.
- a correction value that takes time into account is added and input to the high-voltage side drive waveform generator 18.
- the high voltage side drive waveform generator 18 receives the first PWM timer 13 and the commutation cycle based on the driving speed of the brushless DC motor 1 by the commutation cycle command unit 14, and the high voltage side switching elements 2 a, 2 c, 2 e A drive signal is generated.
- the output phase selection unit 19 receives the signals of the low-voltage side drive waveform generation unit 11 and the high-voltage side drive waveform generation unit 18 and outputs an ON signal and an OFF signal for each switching element in an output pattern for generating a three-phase AC voltage. A signal is output.
- FIG. 5 is a timing chart of the switching element of the energized phase (current flows from the W-phase winding to the U-phase winding) during positioning in the second embodiment.
- Wp is a drive signal for the W-phase high-voltage side switching element
- Un is a drive signal for the U-phase low-voltage side switching element.
- Time T is a PWM cycle, and is a cycle of the first PWM timer 13 and the second PWM timer 17.
- Section D1 is an OFF section of the U-phase low-pressure side switching element at the time of positioning control and motor activation of the motor drive device of the second embodiment.
- the section D1 is set by the low-voltage side element off time setting unit 12 as the charging time of the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7.
- the drive unit 7c of the charge pump power supply outputs a low signal.
- the capacitor 7b is charged every VCC cycle from VCC, and a sufficient potential can be secured stably.
- the charge pump power supply 7 can be provided by providing a periodic off section of the low-voltage side switching element even in a section where a specific winding is energized for a long time, such as during motor positioning control or low-speed driving immediately after startup. A sufficient predetermined potential is secured. Thereby, the state which can drive the switch part 6b of the bootstrap power supply 6 reliably is ensured.
- Section D2 is an ON section of the high-voltage side switching element set by the voltage command unit 15.
- the section D2 is based on the current necessary for securely fixing the position of the rotor 1a of the motor to a predetermined position in the positioning control, and based on the starting torque (that is, the starting current) in the starting after the positioning.
- the voltage to be applied (that is, the PWM on-duty) is set in advance.
- the section D2 is configured to be adjusted by the input voltage (VDC in FIG. 1) of the inverter 2, or when the AC power supply is rectified and smoothed to generate VDC, the section D2 is adjusted by the AC power supply voltage. A more reliable startability of the motor can be ensured without affecting the input voltage fluctuation of the inverter 2.
- the section D3 is a correction section for the on-time of the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e.
- the section D3 is set by the on-time correction unit 16 based on the time set by the low-voltage side element off-time setting unit 12. Specifically, for example, when the off-duty of the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f is 1%, the on-time correction unit sets the correction amount of the on-duty of the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, 2e to 1 Set the correction amount to add%.
- the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d , 2f is provided to suppress a decrease in current flowing in the motor winding.
- the sum of the section D2 and the section D3 becomes the ON section of the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, 2e, the ON section of the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, 2e and the OFF state of the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f.
- the difference between the sections is lengthened by a predetermined time, the current at the time of positioning control and the torque at the time of starting are secured, and the starting performance of the brushless DC motor 1 is maintained.
- the section D2 and the section D3 are sections in which the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f are also turned on.
- the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is sufficiently charged by the section D1, so that the switch unit 6b of the bootstrap power supply 6 is in a driveable state. Therefore, in the section D2 and the section D3, the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f are turned on, and the capacitor 6c of the bootstrap power supply 6 is charged in the first charging mode.
- Section D4 is a section in which the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, 2e are off and the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f are on.
- This section is a section in which the energy stored in the motor winding is released through a diode connected in reverse parallel to the W-phase low-voltage switching element by turning off the high-voltage switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e.
- the capacitor 6c of the bootstrap power supply 6 is charged in the second charging mode.
- the drive signal Lin of the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f is a high signal, and the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is not charged, but the potential drops due to charge discharge due to internal leakage current or the like. I will do it.
- the off-period (time T in FIG. 5) of the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f is discharged below the potential required for driving the switch section 6b of the bootstrap power supply 6 by the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7. Make it shorter than time. Thereby, the capacitor 7b potential of the charge pump power supply 7 can be stably secured at a predetermined potential or higher.
- the bootstrap power supply 6 can be reliably operated, and the drive voltages of the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, 2e can be stably secured.
- reliable positioning of the rotor 1a of the brushless DC motor 1 and proper starting torque are ensured, and the brushless DC motor 1 can be started reliably and stably.
- the ON and OFF cycles of the U-phase low-voltage side switching element are made to coincide with the PWM cycle of the W-phase high-voltage side, but are arbitrarily set as the time for discharging the capacitor 7 b of the charge pump power supply 7. It doesn't matter.
- the motor driving apparatus includes the brushless DC motor 1 including the rotor 1a having a permanent magnet and the stator 1b, the high-voltage side switching element (for example, 2a), and the low-voltage side switching element (for example, an inverter 2 to which a DC voltage is input and an AC voltage is output is provided at both ends of a pair of switching elements connected in series with 2b) and connected in parallel with 3 pairs.
- the brushless DC motor 1 including the rotor 1a having a permanent magnet and the stator 1b, the high-voltage side switching element (for example, 2a), and the low-voltage side switching element (
- an inverter 2 to which a DC voltage is input and an AC voltage is output is provided at both ends of a pair of switching elements connected in series with 2b) and connected in parallel with 3 pairs.
- a bootstrap power source 6 having a capacitor 6c and a switch unit 6b for driving a high-voltage side switching element (for example, 2a) of the inverter 2, a charge pump power source 7 for driving the switch unit 6b of the bootstrap power source 6, and a high voltage
- an on-time correction unit 16 that corrects the on-state time of the side switching element (for example, 2a).
- the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is charged when the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f of the inverter 2 are in the off state.
- the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is connected to the low-voltage side when energizing the winding of an arbitrary stator 1b and fixing the magnetic pole position of the rotor 1a to a predetermined position when the brushless DC motor 1 is started.
- the switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f are charged by turning off the low voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f in the on state of the inverter 2 at an arbitrary frequency so that the on state time of the switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f does not become longer than a predetermined time.
- the on-time correction unit 16 corrects the time during which the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e are on. By correcting the on-state time of the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, 2e, the low-side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f are turned off. Reduction of motor current is suppressed.
- the charge pump power supply 7 can be used even during positioning control in which a predetermined winding is energized for a certain period of time to fix the magnetic pole position of the brushless DC motor 1 or during operation immediately after the brushless DC motor 1 is started.
- the capacitor 7b is charged with a sufficient charge and can hold a predetermined voltage.
- a predetermined positioning current can be ensured, and the rotor 1a of the brushless DC motor 1 can be reliably positioned and a predetermined starting torque can be ensured. Thereby, reliable starting of the brushless DC motor 1 is realizable.
- the charge pump power supply 7 is charged by synchronizing the gate drive of the MOSFET with the drive signals of the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f. It can also be set as the structure performed by. As a result, it is possible to use an element in which the bootstrap circuit and the switching element driving unit (the high-voltage side element driving unit 4 and the low-voltage side element driving unit 5) of the inverter 2 are integrated into one chip. The number of parts can be reduced, and the size and cost can be reduced.
- the motor driving apparatus includes the brushless DC motor 1 including the rotor 1a having the permanent magnet and the stator 1b, the high-voltage side switching element (for example, 2a), and the low-pressure
- An inverter 2 to which a DC voltage is input and an AC voltage is output is provided at both ends of a pair of switching elements connected in series with side switching elements (for example, 2b) connected in parallel.
- a bootstrap power source 6 having a capacitor 6c and a switch unit 6b for driving a high-voltage side switching element (for example, 2a) of the inverter 2, and a charge pump power source 7 for driving the switch unit 6b of the bootstrap power source 6.
- the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is charged when the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f of the inverter 2 are in the off state. Further, the on-state time and the off-state time of the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f are controlled so that the on-time of the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f does not become longer than a predetermined time.
- the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is charged. With such a configuration, the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is charged regularly, and the voltage of the charge pump power supply 7 can stably hold a predetermined voltage.
- the switch part 6b of the bootstrap power supply 6 is reliably turned on. For this reason, the high voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e of the inverter 2 can be reliably driven. Thereby, the brushless DC motor 1 can be driven stably.
- the motor driving apparatus is configured to energize the windings of an arbitrary stator 1b and fix the rotational position of the rotor 1a to a predetermined position when the brushless DC motor 1 is started.
- the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is charged by performing control to turn off the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f in the ON state of the inverter 2 at an arbitrary frequency.
- the switch part 6b of the bootstrap power supply 6 is reliably turned on. For this reason, the high voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, 2e of the inverter 2 can be reliably driven, and the brushless DC motor 1 can be started stably.
- the motor driving apparatus includes a brushless DC motor 1 including a rotor 1a having a permanent magnet and a stator 1b, a high-voltage side switching element (for example, 2a), and a low-voltage side switching element (for example, an inverter 2 to which a DC voltage is input and an AC voltage is output is provided at both ends of a pair of switching elements connected in series with 2b) and connected in parallel with 3 pairs.
- a brushless DC motor 1 including a rotor 1a having a permanent magnet and a stator 1b, a high-voltage side switching element (for example, 2a), and a low-voltage side switching element (
- an inverter 2 to which a DC voltage is input and an AC voltage is output is provided at both ends of a pair of switching elements connected in series with 2b) and connected in parallel with 3 pairs.
- a bootstrap power source 6 having a capacitor 6c and a switch unit 6b for driving a high-voltage side switching element (for example, 2a) of the inverter 2, a charge pump power source 7 for driving the switch unit 6b of the bootstrap power source 6, and a high voltage And an on-time correction unit 16 that corrects the on-state time of the side switching element (for example, 2a).
- the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is charged when the low voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f of the inverter 2 are in an off state.
- the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is connected to the inverter 2 when the winding of an arbitrary stator 1b is energized and the magnetic pole position of the rotor 1a is fixed at a predetermined position when the brushless DC motor 1 is started.
- the low voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f of the low voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f are charged by turning off the low voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, and 2f in the on state at an arbitrary frequency so as not to be longer than a predetermined time.
- the on-time correction unit 16 corrects the on-time of the high-voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, and 2e.
- the capacitor 7b of the charge pump power supply 7 is charged with a predetermined voltage. Can hold.
- a decrease in positioning current due to the low voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f being turned off can be suppressed by correcting the time of the on state of the high voltage side switching elements 2a, 2c, 2e. For this reason, since the rotor 1a of the brushless DC motor 1 can be reliably fixed at a predetermined position, the brushless DC motor 1 can be reliably started.
- a MOSFET capable of high-speed switching is used as the diode 6a of the bootstrap circuit, and the gate drive of the MOSFET is synchronized with the drive signals of the low-voltage side switching elements 2b, 2d, 2f.
- a configuration in which the charge pump power supply 7 is charged can be used.
- the motor driving device can be applied to various devices for driving a three-phase brushless DC motor by inverter control, such as a washing machine.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1におけるモータ駆動装置のブロック図である。
つぎに、本発明の実施の形態2について説明する。実施の形態1と同様の構成についての説明は省略する。
1a 回転子
1b 固定子
2 インバータ
2a 高圧側スイッチング素子
2b 低圧側スイッチング素子
2c 高圧側スイッチング素子
2d 低圧側スイッチング素子
2e 高圧側スイッチング素子
2f 低圧側スイッチング素子
2h ダイオード
3 ドライブ回路
4 高圧側素子駆動部
5 低圧側素子駆動部
6 ブートストラップ電源
6a ダイオード
6b スイッチ部
6c コンデンサ
7 チャージポンプ電源
7a ダイオード
7b コンデンサ
7c 駆動部
10 駆動信号生成部
11 低圧側駆動波形生成部
12 低圧側素子オフ時間設定部
13 第1PWMタイマ
14 転流周期指令部
15 電圧指令部
16 オン時間補正部
17 第2PWMタイマ
18 高圧側駆動波形生成部
19 出力相選択部
Claims (3)
- 永久磁石を有する回転子と、固定子とからなるブラシレスDCモータと、
高圧側スイッチング素子および低圧側スイッチング素子を直列に接続させた1対のスイッチング素子を3対並列に接続させた両端に、直流電圧を入力させ交流電圧を出力させるインバータと、
前記インバータの前記高圧側スイッチング素子を駆動させるためのコンデンサ、および、スイッチ部を有するブートストラップ電源と、
前記ブートストラップ電源の前記スイッチ部を駆動させるチャージポンプ電源とを有し、
前記チャージポンプ電源の前記コンデンサは、前記インバータの前記低圧側スイッチング素子がオフ状態のときに充電され、
前記低圧側スイッチング素子のオンされている時間が所定の時間より長くならないように、前記低圧側スイッチング素子のオン状態の時間およびオフ状態の時間が制御されて、前記チャージポンプ電源の前記コンデンサが充電されるモータ駆動装置。 - 前記ブラシレスDCモータの起動時に、前記固定子の任意の巻線を通電させ、前記インバータのオン状態の前記低圧側スイッチング素子を任意の頻度でオフさせて、前記チャージポンプ電源の前記コンデンサを充電させる請求項1に記載のモータ駆動装置。
- 前記インバータの前記高圧側スイッチング素子のオン状態の時間を補正するオン時間補正部をさらに有し、
前記オン時間補正部により前記インバータの前記高圧側スイッチング素子の前記オン状態の時間が補正される請求項1または2に記載のモータ駆動装置。
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CN201590000243.3U CN206041860U (zh) | 2014-01-20 | 2015-01-05 | 电机驱动装置 |
BR212016016507-7U BR212016016507Y1 (pt) | 2014-01-20 | 2015-01-05 | dispositivo de acionamento de motor |
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JP2014007496A JP6303128B2 (ja) | 2014-01-20 | 2014-01-20 | モータ駆動装置 |
JP2014044591A JP6303129B2 (ja) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | モータ駆動装置 |
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CN106602900A (zh) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-04-26 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 一种高低边自举驱动控制方法及装置 |
US11139770B2 (en) | 2020-01-30 | 2021-10-05 | Chicony Power Technology Co., Ltd. | Gate driving circuit applied to motor inverter and gate driving method |
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CN108646632A (zh) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-10-12 | 湖北三江航天红峰控制有限公司 | 一种舵伺服系统驱动控制电路及控制方法 |
Citations (2)
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JP2011078305A (ja) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-04-14 | Stmicroelectronics Srl | トランジスタハーフブリッジ回路の中点電圧検知装置 |
JP2011234594A (ja) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-17 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 多相モータ駆動方法、多相モータ駆動システム及びヒートポンプ装置 |
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JP2011078305A (ja) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-04-14 | Stmicroelectronics Srl | トランジスタハーフブリッジ回路の中点電圧検知装置 |
JP2011234594A (ja) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-17 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 多相モータ駆動方法、多相モータ駆動システム及びヒートポンプ装置 |
Cited By (2)
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CN106602900A (zh) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-04-26 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 一种高低边自举驱动控制方法及装置 |
US11139770B2 (en) | 2020-01-30 | 2021-10-05 | Chicony Power Technology Co., Ltd. | Gate driving circuit applied to motor inverter and gate driving method |
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