WO2015091373A1 - Verfahren zum steuern eines vollbrücken dc/dc-wandlers - Google Patents
Verfahren zum steuern eines vollbrücken dc/dc-wandlers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015091373A1 WO2015091373A1 PCT/EP2014/077792 EP2014077792W WO2015091373A1 WO 2015091373 A1 WO2015091373 A1 WO 2015091373A1 EP 2014077792 W EP2014077792 W EP 2014077792W WO 2015091373 A1 WO2015091373 A1 WO 2015091373A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bridge
- phase
- switch
- converter
- full
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
- H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/59—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33538—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only of the forward type
- H02M3/33546—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only of the forward type with automatic control of the output voltage or current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/337—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
- H02M3/3376—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
- H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0064—Magnetic structures combining different functions, e.g. storage, filtering or transformation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the subject invention relates to a method for controlling a full-bridge DC / DC converter having a primary-side full bridge and a secondary-side output rectifier, which are interconnected by a transformer, wherein the full bridge with each arranged in the two bridge arms two series-connected switches in time succession following and repeatedly through a positive active phase, a positive passive phase, a negative active phase and a negative passive phase is switched through, with active and passive phases alternating.
- Full bridges DC / DC converters consist on the primary side of a full bridge with two bridge branches each with two semiconductor switches (usually designed as FET, MOSFET or IGBT). Between the semiconductor switches of each bridge branch, the primary side of a transformer is connected.
- the secondary side of the transformer is provided with a secondary rectifier of any design, e.g. as a synchronous rectifier with a midpoint circuit and active switches or as a midpoint rectifier with diodes.
- a secondary rectifier of any design, e.g. as a synchronous rectifier with a midpoint circuit and active switches or as a midpoint rectifier with diodes.
- a secondary rectifier of any design, e.g. as a synchronous rectifier with a midpoint circuit and active switches or as a midpoint rectifier with diodes.
- a secondary rectifier On the secondary side rectifier is a
- full-bridge phase shift converter In a full bridge DC / DC converter with phase control (so-called full-bridge phase shift converter), the output voltage is controlled by the phase angle of the rectangular voltages of the two bridge arms of the primary-side full bridge is controlled to each other.
- the duty cycle of the two bridge branches is preferably 50%, reduced by a constant or variable dead time.
- switching can also be used
- Zero voltage (so-called zero voltage switching, ZVS) be provided.
- ZVS Zero voltage
- a full-bridge FET semiconductor switch is known to have a parallel intrinsic body diode and a parasitic output capacitance which can also be used for zero voltage switching.
- Such a full bridge DC / DC converter with phase angle control and ZVS is known for example from US 2013/0223103 A1.
- 1 1 1 B1 ZVS is sought. It is provided to delay switching to a passive switching phase so far, so that the primary-side voltage has dropped to zero. By switching to a passive switching phase, a short circuit is generated on the secondary side via the secondary side of the transformer.
- US 2004/0136209 A1 can be taken for a DC / DC converter without center-tapped transformer.
- JP 2005-1 10384 A2 describes a DC / DC converter with a diode bridge on the secondary side and aims to prevent resulting voltage peaks when switching the primary-side switch. For this purpose, a short circuit in the positive active phase is generated on the secondary side by additional active switches in the diode bridge, and is only canceled again in the following negative active phase.
- This problem occurs, for example, in US Pat. No. 6,185,111 B1 or US 2004/0136209 A1.
- various measures are proposed in the prior art. Some are based on incorporating some additional inductance as energy storage in some way to use the extra low-load energy stored therein to switch to zero voltage. Examples of this are the above-mentioned US 2013/0223103 A1 or US Pat. No. 5,563,775 A. However, the additional inductance generally requires additional installation space, causes additional costs and is therefore disadvantageous.
- US 6,185,111 B1 or US 2004/0136209 A1 do not address ZVS at low loads.
- This object is achieved in that in the transition phase from the active to the passive phase before switching to a passive phase in secondary secondary output rectifier a short circuit is generated by the resulting short-circuit current on the secondary side of the transformer an increase in the primary current over causes the primary side of the transformer.
- This short-circuit current forces an increase in the primary current on the primary side of the transformer, which in turn increase the currents caused by the capacity of the switch.
- the additional current is sufficient to fully charge and discharge the capacitances of the switches and therefore to realize ZVS.
- the increase in the primary current does not affect the load L of the full bridge DC / DC converter.
- the short circuit in the output rectifier is advantageously canceled before switching to the following active phase.
- the short circuit is maintained during the passive phase to store sufficient energy in the leakage inductance of the transformer by the increased primary current for the following switching action in the full bridge, so that switching at zero voltage is ensured.
- the short circuit is preferably generated after the termination of the preceding active phase.
- the switch-on time of the switches of the first bridge branch or of the second bridge branch can be reduced for a transition into a blocking mode of the full-bridge DC / DC converter.
- the size of the negative output currents can be limited to an acceptable and safe level in a simple manner.
- the short circuit is generated in the secondary-side output rectifier during a passive phase in order to ensure that the active phase is not interrupted by the switching in the output rectifier, which would be disadvantageous for the blocking mode.
- the turn-on time of the switch of the first bridge branch or the second bridge branch is increased. This can be easily switched from lock mode to full load of the full bridge DC / DC converter.
- the switch-on times of the switches of the first bridge branch or of the second bridge branch are advantageously set earlier in time for a transition from the blocking mode to the normal mode of the full bridge DC / DC converter. This shortens the active switching phases of the full bridge DC / DC converter 1 shorten, which is the control unit of the
- Full bridges DC / DC converter forces to correct the phase position in order to achieve the desired output voltage. This can be repeated until the desired duty cycle in the full bridge of the full bridge DC / DC converter of 50% is reached.
- the subject invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Figures 1 to ..., which show by way of example, schematically and not by way of limitation advantageous embodiments of the invention. It shows
- Fig.21 the switching of the full bridge DC / DC converter from the lock mode to normal operation.
- the full bridge 2 shows an inventive full bridge DC / DC converter 1 with phase control and switching at zero position (ZVS) is shown.
- the primary-side full bridge 2 is connected on the input side to a DC voltage source VDC, and a smoothing capacitor C in can also be provided at the input.
- the full bridge 2 consists of two bridge branches 3a, 3b with two series-connected switches S1, S2 in the bridge branch 3a and two series-connected switches S3, S4 in the bridge branch 3b.
- the switches S1, S2, S3, S4 can be designed as semiconductor switches, such as FET, MOSFET, IGBT, etc.
- the switches S1, S2, S3, S4 are controlled by a control unit S, as indicated in Fig. 1.
- a diode D1, D2, D3, D4 and a capacitor C1, C2, C3, C4 are arranged in parallel with the switches S1, S2, S3, S4 (in the case of semiconductor switches usually formed from the intrinsic body diode and parasitic output capacitance) in order in conjunction with the leakage inductance L
- switches S1, S2 and S3, S4 of each bridge branch 3a, 3b bridge tapping points A, B are provided.
- the primary side of the transformer T is connected as usual at the bridge tap points A, B between the two bridge branches 3a, 3b, so that the primary current i P via the switched between the bridge tap points A, B primary winding of the transformer T. flows.
- the secondary side of the transformer T is connected to an output rectifier 5, here in the form of a synchronous rectifier.
- the output rectifier 5 is designed here as a mid-point circuit 4 with two rectifier branches 4a, 4b, each with a switch S5, S6 and with an output inductance L 0 .
- the switches S5, S6 can in turn be designed as semiconductor switches, such as FET, MOSFET, IGBT, etc. and can be controlled by a control unit S again.
- a smoothing capacitor C 0 can also be provided in the output rectifier 5 after the output inductance L 0 .
- an electric load L is connected, through which the output current l out flows.
- the switch-on duration of the switches S1, S2, S3, S4 of the two bridge branches 3a, 3b of the full bridge 2 is preferably kept constant at 50% (minus a dead time).
- the output voltage U ou t is set, depending on the load L, such as a battery, a welding arc, an electrical device, etc., to an output current l out and leads to a primary current i P.
- Such a full bridge DC / DC converter 1 with phasing control and ZVS can be used for example in a switching power supply, as a power source for a welding machine or in a battery charger.
- 2 shows by way of example the typical characteristic of the output current lout (top) and of the primary current I P (bottom) respectively as a function of the phase position PS when using the full bridge DC / DC converter 1 with phase position control and ZVS as a battery charger, ie with a capacitive load L.
- the significant bend in the output strom futurisitik results from the transition from discontinuous current flow in the output inductor L 0 (discontinuous conduction mode, DCM) for continuous current flow in the output inductor L 0 (continuous conduction mode, CCM).
- DCM is created because a charger must maintain battery voltage even after the main charge sequence. Therefore, the charger and thus the full bridge DC / DC converter 1 must be able to deliver even small output currents Ut (DCM). However, such low currents are not sufficient to realize switching at zero voltage in the switches S1, S2, S3, S4 of the full bridge 2. Of course, the same problems can occur in other applications of a full-bridge DC / DC converter 1 with phase control and ZVS.
- FIG. 3 shows the positive active switching phase of the full-bridge DC / DC converter 1 between the time t-1 and t 2
- FIG. 4 shows the associated switch positions of the switches S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 and the time profile of the primary current i P.
- the switches S1 and S4 of the full bridge 2 are closed and the switch S5 of the output rectifier 5 is closed and the switch S6 of the output rectifier 5 is opened.
- the switches S5, S6 are shown with different amplitudes in FIG. This results in a current flow of the primary current i P through the primary side of the transformer T and to an output current I out .
- FIGS. 5 and 6 The transition from the active to the passive positive switching phase at time t 2 is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 in conjunction with FIG.
- This transition phase is initiated at time t 2 by opening the switch S1 of the first bridge branch 3a.
- the primary current i P would be too low to fully charge the capacitor C1 at the switch S1 by the resulting current i C i and to completely discharge the capacitance C2 at the switch S2 by the resulting current i C2 .
- ZVS could not be realized at low load L.
- the time t 2 on the secondary side of the full-bridge DC / DC converter 1 generates a short circuit in the secondary side output rectifier 5, which causes an additional short circuit current i K on the secondary side of the transformer T.
- the short-circuit current i K circulates in the output rectifier 5 via the rectifier branches 4a, 4b and the secondary side of the transformer T. This is achieved in the embodiment shown by also closing the switch S6 of the output rectifier 5 (FIG. 6).
- the additional short-circuit current i K circulates here through the secondary side of the transformer T, the switch S5 and the switch S6. If the capacitances C1, C2 are not completely discharged or charged, the short-circuit is applied when voltage is still applied to the primary side of the transformer T.
- This short-circuit current i K therefore forces an increase of the primary current i P on the primary side of the transformer T by the current i P ', which in turn causes an increase of the currents through the capacitances C1 and C2 by i C i' and i C2 .
- the additional current i P ' is determined by the leakage inductance L
- the resulting currents (i C i + ici ') and (ic2 + ic2') across the capacitances C1, C2 are sufficient to fully charge and discharge them and therefore to realize ZVS.
- the switch S4 is opened in the second bridge branch 3b and the switch S3 is closed, as will be described with reference to FIG.
- the switch S5 in the output rectifier 5 is opened on the secondary side of the full bridge DC / DC converter 1 and the switch S6 remains closed.
- the short circuit in the secondary-side output rectifier 5 is terminated.
- k stored on the primary side of the full bridge DC / DC converter 1 additional energy is used to safely completely discharge the capacitance C3 and safely completely charge the capacitance C4, so as to realize ZVS when switching, even at low loads L. ,
- the output rectifier 5 must be actively controlled as a function of the switching state of the full bridge 2 in order to produce the short circuit at the required times.
- an active switching phase characterized by diametrically (with respect to the Brückenabgriffsticianen A, B) in the bridge branches 3a, 3b closed switch S1 and S4 or S2 and S3, to a passive switching phase, characterized by side by side (based on the Brückenabgriffsfrac A, B) closed switches S1 and S3 or S2 and S4, a short circuit can be generated.
- the short circuit In the case of the reverse transition from a passive switching phase to an active one Switching phase, the short circuit must be canceled again.
- the short circuit preferably remains upright.
- the switches S5, S6 of the secondary-side output rectifier 5, here in the form of a synchronous rectifier, are actively controlled, e.g. from a control unit S.
- the switch-on points of the switches S5, S6 are synchronized with the switch points of the switches S1, S2, S3, S4 of the full bridge 2 as described below in order to be able to convert ZVS.
- the switches S1, S2 and S3, S4 of the two bridge branches 3a, 3b do not switch at exactly the same time but with a switching delay V, typically in the ns range, eg 100ns to 300ns, as shown in FIG.
- the switch-on point of the switch S5, S6 of the output rectifier 5, which causes the short circuit on the secondary side, must be synchronized with the switch-off time of the respective switch S1, S2, S3, S4 of the full bridge 2, as shown in FIG. S2 and S6 is described.
- the optimum switch-on point SP1 for the switch S6 of the secondary-side output rectifier 5 is in the range of the switching delay V between the switches S1, S2 of the first bridge branch 3a (corresponding to FIG. 6, FIG. 4).
- the optimum switch-on point SP1 is therefore in the transition phase from the active to the passive phase, ie after the active phase has ended by opening the switch S1 and before the passive phase has begun by closing the switch S2.
- a switch-on time SP2 before switching off the switch S1, ie before the active phase has ended, would lead to a higher additional primary current i P '.
- a switch-on time SP3 after the switch S2 has been switched on, ie after the passive phase has been started, would prevent ZVS at low loads and must therefore be avoided in any case. The same applies analogously to the switch-on of the switch S5.
- the switch-off times of the switches S5, S6 of the secondary-side output rectifier 5 are preferably set at or in the vicinity of a current zero crossing of the current through the switches S5, S6. Too early off timing would increase the time period in which the body diode conducts switches S5, S6, which would manifest in efficiency loss due to higher conduction losses, and would further increase the body diode's stall delay time Switches S5, S6 lead, which would lead to higher losses and higher voltage peaks at the switches S5, S6. A too late switch-off point would result in a secondary short circuit while the primary side is in the positive or negative active phase.
- the duty cycle of the switches S1, S2 in the first bridge branch 3a of the full bridge 2 is drastically reduced, preferably to a value between zero and the minimum possible duty D min , which is essentially specified by the specification of the switch S1, S2 in the form of the switching time.
- Normal switch-on durations D of switches S1, S2 used are in the range of> 70ns.
- the switches S3, S4 of the second bridge branch 3b continue to operate as described above. This is exemplified in Fig.12.
- the switch-on and switch-off of the switches S5, S6 of the rectifier 5 are also set as described above, so synchronized to the switches S1, S2.
- the duty cycle D of the switches S1, S2 of the first bridge branch 3a could be reduced.
- the switches S1, S2 of the first bridge branch 3a would be switched as in a standard full bridge 2 with phase control.
- FIG. 13 shows the positive active switching phase in the blocking mode BM in the period between t- 1 and t 2 .
- FIG. 14 again shows the time profile of the output current Ut, of the primary current i P and the switching positions of the switches S3, S4, S5, S6.
- the switch S4 of the second bridge branch 3b and the switch S5 of the output rectifier 5 are closed when the switch S3 is open. Via the conducting diode D1 of the first switch S1, the output current driven from the negative primary current Ut l P flows to the DC voltage source VDC.
- the voltage applied to the smoothing capacitor C in is also applied to the primary side of the transformer T, which forces a positive slope of the output current Ut, as a result of which it decreases.
- the negative primary current i P in this period t-1 - 1 2 which ultimately causes the primary current i P changes the sign, as indicated in Fig.15. Since the switch S1 is open, the capacitance C1 is charged by the primary current i P and the capacitance C2 is discharged. By discharging the capacitor C2, the diode D2 of the switch S2 becomes conductive, which at the time t 2, the transition from the active positive to the positive passive switching phase of the lock mode BM, which is shown in Fig.
- switch S5 of the rectifier 5 After switch S5 of the rectifier 5 has been opened is initiated at time t 3 by ⁇ ff- NEN of the switch S4, the transition from the positive to the negative phase passive switching active switching phase, as shown in Fig.18. At this time, the capacity C4 of the switch S4 is charged and the capacity C3 of the switch S3 is discharged. At time t 4 , the switch S3 is closed without voltage, which in turn switching at zero crossing (ZVS) is realized. This is followed by the negative active switching phase between time t 4 and t 5 (FIG. 19) until the sign of the primary current i P changes again at time t 5 , whereby the transition from the negative active switching phase to the negative passive switching phase (FIG.
- the switches S1, S2 are switched in the blocking mode BM with a very short duty cycle D, as explained with reference to FIG. 12, and the switch-on time of the switches S5, S6 is synchronized with the switches S1, S2, as described above.
- the switch-on time of the switch S6 is again selected in the range of the switching delay V between the switches S1, S2.
- the switch-on time of the switch S6 is selected during the positive passive switching phase in the period from t 2 to t 3 , but at least not in the positive active switching phase, if voltage on the primary side of the Transformer T is present. This applies analogously to the negative passive phase and also to the control of the switch S5 for the blocking mode BM.
- the mode M2 will be selected as shown in Fig. 21.
- the turn-on timings of the switches S1, S2 are set earlier in time, e.g. at a time At, which at the same time also the turn-on of the switches S5, S6 in the output rectifier 5 (which are synchronized to the switches S1, S2 synchronized) are set earlier. This would shorten the active switching phases of the full-bridge DC / DC converter 1, which would lead to a reduction of the output voltage. This forces the control unit S of the full bridge DC / DC converter 1 to correct the phase position PS to achieve the target output voltage. This can now be repeated until the desired duty cycle of 50% is reached. By the control unit S, the necessary phase position PS is set.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/105,690 US9906148B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2014-12-15 | Method for controlling a full-bridge DC-dc converter |
DE112014005840.8T DE112014005840A5 (de) | 2013-12-20 | 2014-12-15 | Verfahren zum Steuern eines Vollbrücken DC/DC-Wandlers |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA50845/2013A AT515242B1 (de) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Verfahren zum Steuern eines Vollbrücken DC/DC-Wandlers |
ATA50845/2013 | 2013-12-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015091373A1 true WO2015091373A1 (de) | 2015-06-25 |
Family
ID=52232164
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2014/077792 WO2015091373A1 (de) | 2013-12-20 | 2014-12-15 | Verfahren zum steuern eines vollbrücken dc/dc-wandlers |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9906148B2 (de) |
AT (1) | AT515242B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE112014005840A5 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2015091373A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106451471A (zh) * | 2015-08-13 | 2017-02-22 | 伊顿制造(格拉斯哥)有限合伙莫尔日分支机构 | 供电装置的短路控制方法及短路控制装置 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3033102B1 (fr) * | 2015-02-20 | 2018-05-11 | Devialet | Alimentation a decoupage a branches commandees |
CN108736698A (zh) * | 2017-04-13 | 2018-11-02 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | 电源供应器与残余电压放电方法 |
CN110620512B (zh) * | 2018-06-20 | 2020-09-15 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | 谐振变换器及控制方法 |
DE102019101748A1 (de) * | 2019-01-24 | 2020-07-30 | Brusa Elektronik Ag | Brückenschaltkreis und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brückenschaltkreises |
US11152822B1 (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-10-19 | Stmicroelectronics Asia Pacific Pte Ltd | Foreign objection detection sensing circuit for wireless power transmission systems |
CN116470774B (zh) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-11-07 | 常熟理工学院 | 一种t型lcl谐振变换器及其全范围软开关调制方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110103097A1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | Delta Electronics Inc. | Method and apparatus for regulating gain within a resonant converter |
CN102291002A (zh) * | 2011-08-09 | 2011-12-21 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | 移相全桥电路及其控制方法 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5563775A (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1996-10-08 | Reliance Comm/Tech Corporation | Full bridge phase displaced resonant transition circuit for obtaining constant resonant transition current from 0° phase angle to 180° phase angle |
JP3344356B2 (ja) * | 1999-03-25 | 2002-11-11 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | スイッチング電源装置 |
JP2004215469A (ja) * | 2003-01-09 | 2004-07-29 | Renesas Technology Corp | スイッチング電源装置および電源制御用半導体集積回路 |
US7136294B2 (en) * | 2003-08-09 | 2006-11-14 | Astec International Limited | Soft switched zero voltage transition full bridge converter |
JP4265356B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-30 | 2009-05-20 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Dc−dcコンバータ |
JP4274364B2 (ja) * | 2004-02-05 | 2009-06-03 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Dc−dcコンバータ |
FR2900513B1 (fr) * | 2006-04-26 | 2010-05-21 | Thales Sa | Dispositif de transfert de puissance isole perfectionne |
WO2007145388A1 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2007-12-21 | Pstek Co.Ltd. | Method for series resonant converter control with synchronous rectifier |
JP5530212B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-10 | 2014-06-25 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 電源装置、ハードディスク装置、及び電源装置のスイッチング方法 |
US8644035B2 (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2014-02-04 | Majid Pahlevaninezhad | Load adaptive variable frequency phase-shift full-bridge DC/DC converter |
US9515562B2 (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2016-12-06 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | LLC resonant converters |
-
2013
- 2013-12-20 AT ATA50845/2013A patent/AT515242B1/de active
-
2014
- 2014-12-15 US US15/105,690 patent/US9906148B2/en active Active
- 2014-12-15 WO PCT/EP2014/077792 patent/WO2015091373A1/de active Application Filing
- 2014-12-15 DE DE112014005840.8T patent/DE112014005840A5/de active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110103097A1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | Delta Electronics Inc. | Method and apparatus for regulating gain within a resonant converter |
CN102291002A (zh) * | 2011-08-09 | 2011-12-21 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | 移相全桥电路及其控制方法 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106451471A (zh) * | 2015-08-13 | 2017-02-22 | 伊顿制造(格拉斯哥)有限合伙莫尔日分支机构 | 供电装置的短路控制方法及短路控制装置 |
CN106451471B (zh) * | 2015-08-13 | 2021-03-02 | 伊顿制造(格拉斯哥)有限合伙莫尔日分支机构 | 供电装置的短路控制方法及短路控制装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20160329822A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
AT515242B1 (de) | 2020-04-15 |
US9906148B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 |
DE112014005840A5 (de) | 2016-08-25 |
AT515242A1 (de) | 2015-07-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
AT515242B1 (de) | Verfahren zum Steuern eines Vollbrücken DC/DC-Wandlers | |
EP2996235B1 (de) | Dc/dc-wandler | |
EP2661806B1 (de) | Elektrische schaltung und verfahren zu deren betrieb | |
EP2671313B1 (de) | Gegentaktwandler und modulationsverfahren zum ansteuern eines gegentaktwandlers | |
WO2012113442A1 (de) | Gleichspannungswandler und verfahren zum betreiben eines gleichspannungswandlers | |
DE102015116995A1 (de) | Schaltung zur Leistungsfaktorkorrektur und Verfahren zum Betrieb | |
EP2515424A2 (de) | Gleichspannungswandler | |
DE102016103111A1 (de) | Auf einem Magnetisierungsstrom basierende Steuerung von Resonanzwandlern | |
DE102014202954A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Resonanzwandlers und Resonanzwandler | |
DE102014018075A1 (de) | Dämpfungsglied | |
DE102011051482A1 (de) | Brückenschaltungsanordnung und Betriebsverfahren für einen Spannungswandler und Spannungswandler | |
WO2013185159A2 (de) | Schaltnetzteil sowie wechselrichter und strangüberwachung mit einem solchen schaltnetzteil | |
CH707553A2 (de) | Elektrischer Leistungswandler zur DC/DC-Wandlung mit dualen aktiven Brücken. | |
EP2709257A2 (de) | Stromrichterschaltung und Verfahren zur Steuerung der Stromrichterschaltung | |
EP3563475B1 (de) | Stromrichterschaltung und verfahren zur steuerung derselben | |
DE102011018357A1 (de) | Gleichspannungswandler | |
EP1976103B1 (de) | Weich schaltende Umrichterschaltung und Verfahren zu ihrer Steuerung | |
DE19711017A1 (de) | Stromversorgungseinrichtung | |
EP3332466A1 (de) | Polwender und blindleistungsfähiger wechselrichter sowie polwendeverfahren | |
WO2020152076A1 (de) | Dc-dc-wandler mit brückenschaltkreis zum spannungslosen schalten sowie zugehöriges verfahren | |
EP2562918B1 (de) | Schaltungsanordnung mit elektronischem Schalter | |
WO2015139836A1 (de) | Elektrische schaltung umfassend eine halbbrücke | |
DE10109768A1 (de) | Spannungskonverter | |
WO2023179936A1 (de) | Dc/dc-wandler hoher leistung | |
DE19611707A1 (de) | Gleichstromsteller |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 14820817 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
DPE2 | Request for preliminary examination filed before expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101) | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15105690 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 112014005840 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R225 Ref document number: 112014005840 Country of ref document: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 14820817 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |