WO2015085553A1 - 天线、天线装置、终端以及调整天线工作频段的方法 - Google Patents

天线、天线装置、终端以及调整天线工作频段的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015085553A1
WO2015085553A1 PCT/CN2013/089277 CN2013089277W WO2015085553A1 WO 2015085553 A1 WO2015085553 A1 WO 2015085553A1 CN 2013089277 W CN2013089277 W CN 2013089277W WO 2015085553 A1 WO2015085553 A1 WO 2015085553A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grounding
antenna
frequency band
grounded
working frequency
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/089277
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余冬
薛亮
侯猛
尤佳庆
王磊
曾昭才
Original Assignee
华为终端有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为终端有限公司 filed Critical 华为终端有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2013/089277 priority Critical patent/WO2015085553A1/zh
Priority to EP13899022.1A priority patent/EP3051631B1/en
Priority to US15/032,392 priority patent/US10797385B2/en
Priority to CN201710596439.9A priority patent/CN107528117B/zh
Priority to CN201380071488.0A priority patent/CN104956542B/zh
Priority to KR1020167012484A priority patent/KR101791110B1/ko
Publication of WO2015085553A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015085553A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/357Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
    • H01Q5/364Creating multiple current paths
    • H01Q5/371Branching current paths
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mobile communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna, an antenna device, a terminal, and a method for adjusting an operating frequency band of an antenna.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Clearing means that in order to enable a wide operating bandwidth of an antenna (each antenna has its central resonant frequency, some electrical properties of the antenna will decrease when the center resonance frequency is deviated, and the electrical performance drops to a permissible value.
  • the frequency range is the working frequency band of the antenna.
  • the width of the working frequency band is the working bandwidth.
  • the headroom can be understood as a spherical space.
  • the minimum distance (equivalent to the radius of the spherical space) is often used to express the size of the headroom.
  • the method of increasing the coupling branch can increase the working bandwidth of a single antenna, but the effect is generally increased, and it is difficult to further increase the resonant frequency of the antenna to obtain more working frequency bands.
  • the wider the bandwidth the higher the requirement for headroom. Therefore, in order to obtain a wide bandwidth, it is necessary to increase the space of the headroom.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna, an antenna device, a terminal, and a method for adjusting an operating frequency band of an antenna, which can solve the problem of increasing the clearance when the antenna is multi-frequency covered.
  • an antenna comprising: a feed point, a feed branch, and a coupling branch;
  • the feeding branch is electrically connected to the feeding point;
  • the coupling branch is coupled to the feeding branch;
  • the coupling branch includes at least two grounding points; and one of the at least two grounding points
  • other grounding points may be selectively grounded or ungrounded; or, when one of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding points may be selectively grounded or ungrounded.
  • one of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and the other grounding points are selectively grounded or ungrounded, including: the one grounding point is directly Grounding, the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded through the switch.
  • the other grounding points are selectively grounded or ungrounded, and specifically include:
  • the other grounding points may be selectively grounded or ungrounded through the switch.
  • the third possible implementation manner is that the grounding of the one grounding point specifically includes: the one grounding point is in the coupling The end of the branch is grounded, and the end means that the current path length from the end to the farthest radiant point on the coupling branch is the longest.
  • an antenna device including an antenna, a first acquiring unit, and a control unit, where the first acquiring unit and the control unit are electrically connected; the control unit and the antenna are electrically connected;
  • the antenna includes: a feeding point, a feeding branch and a coupling branch; the feeding branch is electrically connected to the feeding point; the coupling branch is coupled to the feeding branch; the coupling branch includes at least two a grounding point; one of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and the other grounding points are selectively grounded or ungrounded; or, when one of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding
  • the location may be selectively grounded or ungrounded;
  • the first acquiring unit is configured to acquire a target working frequency band;
  • the control unit is configured to adjust a grounding combination of the antenna according to the target working frequency band; A combination of at least two grounding points that are grounded or ungrounded.
  • the antenna device further includes a storage unit, the storage unit and the control unit are electrically connected, and the storage unit is configured to store a grounding condition table, the grounding
  • the situation table records the working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the grounding combination;
  • the adjusting the working frequency band of the antenna according to the target working frequency band specifically includes: finding the corresponding antenna in the grounding situation table according to the target working frequency band Operating frequency band, the grounding combination recorded according to the grounding condition table and the operation of the antenna For the correspondence of the frequency bands, the grounding combination is selected.
  • the antenna device further includes a second acquiring unit, where the second acquiring unit and the control unit are electrically connected for acquiring The holding condition of the user;
  • the grounding condition table further records the correspondence between the working frequency band, the holding condition and the grounding combination of the antenna;
  • the control unit is further configured to use the target operating frequency band and the user's grip according to the target Adjusting the working frequency band of the antenna according to the situation;
  • adjusting the working frequency band of the antenna according to the target working frequency band and the user's holding condition specifically includes: according to the target working frequency band and the holding condition The working frequency band of the corresponding antenna is found in the grounding condition table, and the grounding combination is selected according to the corresponding working relationship of the operating frequency band, the holding condition and the grounding combination of the antenna recorded in the grounding condition table.
  • the third possible implementation manner is that the second acquiring unit is a user input device, and the obtaining, by the second acquiring unit, the user's holding situation specifically includes: according to the user The self-selection of the user input device acquires a gripping condition; or the second acquiring unit is a sensor; and the acquiring, by the second acquiring unit, the gripping condition of the user specifically includes: the sensor is determined to be held by the grip of the human hand. In the case of the sensor, the sensor determines the grip by the sliding trace of the finger.
  • the fourth possible implementation manner is that one of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and the other The selective grounding or non-grounding of the location includes: The one grounding point is directly grounded, and the other grounding points are selectively grounded or ungrounded through the switch.
  • the fifth possible implementation manner is: when one of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding point
  • the optional grounding or non-grounding includes: The one grounding point is grounded through the switch, and the other grounding points are selectively grounded or ungrounded through the switch.
  • the sixth possible implementation manner is that the grounding of the one grounding point specifically includes: the one grounding point is in the coupling The end of the branch is grounded, and the end means that the current path length from the end to the farthest radiant point on the coupling branch is the longest.
  • the seventh possible implementation manner is that the first acquiring unit is a user input device, where the first The obtaining unit obtains the target working frequency band specifically includes: obtaining the operating frequency band of the operator according to the user's self-selection at the user input device.
  • a terminal comprising a body and any one of the antenna devices of the second aspect, wherein the antenna device is disposed on the body.
  • the fourth aspect provides a method for adjusting an operating frequency band of an antenna, including: acquiring a target working frequency band; adjusting a grounding combination of the antenna, and adjusting the working frequency band of the antenna to correspond to the target working frequency band.
  • the antenna includes at least two grounding points, one of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and the other grounding points are selectively grounded or not Grounding; adjusting the grounding combination of the antenna to adjust the working frequency band of the antenna to correspond to the target working frequency band specifically includes: presetting a grounding condition table at a terminal where the antenna is located, where the grounding condition table records a working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the grounding combination, the grounding combination comprising a combination of the at least two grounding points being grounded or not grounded; finding a corresponding working frequency band of the antenna in the grounding situation table according to the target working frequency band And selecting the ground combination according to an operating frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the ground combination recorded in the grounding condition table.
  • the antenna includes at least two grounding points, and when one of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding points are selectively grounded or ungrounded
  • Adjusting the grounding combination of the antenna to adjust the working frequency band of the antenna to correspond to the target working frequency band specifically includes: presetting a grounding condition table at a terminal where the antenna is located, where the grounding condition table records grounding Combining the working frequency band of the corresponding antenna, the grounding combination includes a combination of the at least two grounding points being grounded or not grounded; finding a corresponding operating frequency band of the antenna in the grounding situation table according to the target working frequency band, The grounding combination is selected according to an operating frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the grounding combination recorded in the grounding condition table.
  • the third possible implementation manner is that the method further includes acquiring a user's holding condition; the grounding condition table further records an operating frequency band of the antenna, Corresponding relationship between the holding condition and the grounding combination; finding the working frequency band of the corresponding antenna in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band and the holding condition, according to the corresponding relationship recorded in the grounding situation table, Select the grounding combination.
  • the fourth possible implementation manner is: the obtaining the user's holding situation includes: the user selects the holding condition by itself, or the sensor determines the holding condition by the grip of the human hand. , or the sensor judges the grip by the sliding marks of the finger.
  • the fifth possible implementation manner is: the acquiring the target working frequency band includes: the user selects an operating frequency band of the operator.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, an antenna device, a terminal, and a method for adjusting an operating frequency band of an antenna.
  • the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used to change the resonant frequency of the antenna and the corresponding working frequency band by selecting an appropriate grounding combination. Since different grounding combinations are selected to correspond to different working frequency bands, the clearance of the antenna only needs to meet the maximum clearance requirement under various grounding conditions, and it is not necessary to meet the clearance requirement when the antenna works in all working frequency bands, so that When the antenna is multi-frequency covered, there is no need to increase the headroom.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of attaching a feed branch and a coupling branch on a dielectric substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 7a is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7b is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna includes: a feeding branch 101, a feeding point 102, a coupling branch 103, and a coupling branch 103 including at least two grounding points 104 (two in this embodiment) A grounding point to describe).
  • the feeding branch 101 is electrically connected to the feeding point 102, and the coupling branch 103 is coupled with the feeding branch 101; one of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and the other grounding points are selectively grounded or ungrounded Or, when one of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding points may be selectively grounded or ungrounded.
  • one of the at least two grounding points for grounding means that the grounding point is always grounded, and when one of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or If it is not grounded, it means: At least one of the at least two grounding points needs to be grounded, and the grounding point of the grounding may be different according to different conditions, whether the grounding point is used for grounding or when a grounding point is grounded.
  • the purpose is to make the coupling branch 103 and the grounding point 104 always electrically connected. It can be understood that the above grounding point can be selectively grounded or not grounded by the switch 105. Therefore, unless otherwise specified in the following embodiments, the coupling branch 103 is selectively grounded through the switch 105 as an example.
  • the coupling branch 105 is used at other positions (for example, the end portion of the antenna is used in the embodiment, and the meaning of the end portion is further explained below)
  • the location 104 is to be electrically connected such that the coupling branch 103 is electrically connected to the grounding point 104, that is, the above-mentioned "one of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding".
  • the switch 105 is turned off, the current path is determined by the inherent structure of the antenna (ie, the current path is indicated by a broken line in FIG.
  • the new current path is shown by the dashed line in Figure lb, and the direction of the current path is indicated by the arrow). Since the new current path length is different from the original current path length, it is possible to couple with the feed branch 101 to generate different antenna resonance frequencies and operating frequency bands, and when the position of the switch 105 is different, the new current path will be different.
  • the specific choice at which position can be determined by means of debugging according to factors such as the working frequency band at which the antenna needs to work.
  • the coupling branch 103 has a grounding point for grounding, and in addition, two switches 105 are selectively grounded, when two switches When the 105 is disconnected, the length of the current path is determined by the inherent structure of the antenna (the current path is indicated by the dotted line in Figure 2a, and the current direction is indicated by the arrow); when the switch 105a is closed and the switch 105b is open, the coupling branch is The current path changes (the current path is indicated by the dotted line in Figure 2b, and the current direction is indicated by the arrow). If the switch's opening and closing mode is further changed, the current path will be further changed. The relevant content will not be described again.
  • the grounding point is grounded at a grounding point of the coupling branch.
  • This grounding point is preferably grounded at the end of the coupling branch, here the end (including Figure 1 (Fig. la, Fig. lb), Fig. 2 (Fig. 2a) Figure 2b) Where 103 and 104 are connected), when the structure of a coupling branch is determined, from this end, the farthest radiation point on the coupling branch is reached (shown by ⁇ in Figure 1, Figure 2).
  • the position is the farthest radiant point, ⁇ is only used to indicate the position, not part of the antenna structure, ⁇ in other figures also means the same meaning)
  • the current path length (as shown by the dashed line length in Figure la, Figure 2a) is the longest .
  • the length of the current path is negatively related to the resonant frequency of the antenna.
  • the resonant frequency generated is the lowest. If not selected at the end, it is selected at the end of the coupling branch 103. Outside the position, it can be understood that the current path length from the position other than the end to any position of the coupling branch (the length of the broken line in Figure lb, Figure 2b) will be smaller than the current from the end to the farthest radiant point.
  • Path length the shorter the current path length, the less the low-frequency resonant frequency that can be generated, and the reduced number of working frequency bands of the entire antenna is equivalent to wasting a length of the antenna, which is undoubtedly deviated from the expectation of broadband and multi-frequency.
  • one of the switches such as 105c in FIG. 3 may preferably be at the end of the coupling branch, so that when this When the switch is closed (see Figure 3a), the longest current path length (the length of the dashed line in Figure 3a) can be produced in the coupling branch 103.
  • the length of the current path in the coupling branch 103 can be changed, thereby changing the antenna resonance frequency and the corresponding antenna working frequency band, so that the antenna clearance is as long as the antenna before and after the change is satisfied.
  • the value of the larger requirement for headroom that is, only the maximum headroom requirement is required. For example, if there is only one switch 105 on the coupling branch 103, it is assumed that when the switch 105 is turned off, the antenna can cover 698 ⁇ ⁇ 960 ⁇ , the clearance requirement is 7 mm, and when it is closed, the antenna covers 1710 MHz ⁇ 2700 MHz, and the clearance requires 7.5 mm.
  • the clearance requirement of the entire antenna is As long as 7.5mm can be used, instead of covering the two bands at the same time as an antenna, the headroom of the antenna is added to more than 10mm.
  • the antenna has a corresponding headroom requirement when working in each working frequency band.
  • Working in different working frequency bands may correspond to different headroom requirements, and the maximum of these headroom requirements is the maximum headroom requirement.
  • the feeding branch can be connected to the feeder through the feeding point.
  • the feeder is a transmission line that feeds power to the antenna. Compared with the ordinary conductor, the feeder has low frequency attenuation to the received signal, strong anti-interference ability, and is not susceptible to interference from external high-frequency signals.
  • the output of the radio frequency chip transmits the electric energy to the feeding branch through the feeding line, and the electric energy is converted into electromagnetic waves that can be propagated in the free space by the antenna; when receiving the signal, the input end of the radio frequency chip receives the feeding line captured from the antenna. Electromagnetic waves in free space.
  • the above-mentioned radio frequency chip can also be replaced by a combination of discrete components, and specifically can include a filter circuit, a power amplifying circuit, a modem circuit, and the like.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the shape of the coupling branch and the feeding branch. It can be in the form of FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, or the feed branch can be inverted U-shaped, and the coupling branch is in the form of a ⁇ -type semi-enclosed feed branch (Fig. 4), and the feed branch and the coupling branch can also adopt a serpentine shape.
  • the form of the antenna (Fig. 5), using different antenna forms, can be used to increase or decrease the coupling between the coupling branch and the feed branch to obtain the required antenna operating frequency band.
  • the feed branch 101, the coupling branch 103 and the ground plane 104 can be air-mediated. Further, in order to reduce the size of the antenna, the feeding branch 101 and the coupling branch 103 may be attached to the dielectric substrate 601 (see FIG. 6), and the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 601 is greater than the dielectric constant of the air.
  • the material of the dielectric substrate 401 may include plastic, glass, ceramic, or a composite material such as silicon or a hydrocarbon. In the application environment of a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 601 is about several millimeters.
  • the feeding branch 101 and the coupling branch 103 may be made of a metal material, and the metal material is composed of (or includes) copper, aluminum, gold, or the like.
  • the feeding branch 101 and the coupling branch 103 may be plated to the dielectric substrate 601 by using a laser direct structuring technique or other techniques, or the feeding branch 101 and the parasitic branch 103 may be attached to the medium by an adhesive or other means.
  • the manner of electrically connecting the coupling branch and the grounding point may be a method of connecting through a metal dome, a welding method, or other connection manner.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates, in a specific embodiment, an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention can better cover multiple working frequency bands without increasing the headroom.
  • the antenna includes:
  • the feeding branch 101 is electrically connected to the feeding point 102, the feeding branch is inverted U-shaped, the coupling branch 103 is coupled with the feeding branch 101, and the coupling branch is approximately "day" type; the coupling branch half surrounds the feeding branch 101;
  • the coupling branch is electrically connected to the grounding point 104 through the switches 105d, 105e, and when one switch is closed, the other switch is turned off.
  • the antenna clearance is 7 mm
  • the length of the feeding branch is about 35 mm
  • the main resonance is near 2100 MHz
  • the switch 105d is located at the end of the coupling branch 103.
  • the switch 105d When the switch 105d is closed and the switch 105e is disconnected, the current is There is the longest effective current path in the coupling branch 103 (see Figure 7a). As seen, the longest effective current path is about 105mm and the antenna resonance is around 700MHz.
  • the actual measured S1 1 is as follows:
  • Sl l represents the return loss characteristic and is a commonly used parameter for evaluating the efficiency of the antenna. The smaller the value of this parameter, the smaller the energy reflected back, and the better the antenna efficiency. In general, in the case of a small antenna, the value of S 1 1 should be less than -5 dB.
  • the S 1 1 value is less than -5 dB at 678 MHz to 746 MHz, so the effective range of the antenna covers 678 MHz to 746 MHz.
  • the position current of the switch 105e is the largest, and the current path in the entire coupling branch 103 is changed, and can be roughly abstracted into three current paths.
  • the length of the current path 1 (from the switch 105e to the radiation point ⁇ 1 ) is about 80 mm.
  • the current path corresponds to a resonant frequency around 850 MHz
  • the current path 2 (from switch 105e to the radiant point ⁇ 2 ) corresponds to a length of about 37 mm
  • the corresponding resonant frequency is around 1800 MHz
  • the current path 3 (from switch 105e)
  • the corresponding length to the radiation point ⁇ 3 ) is about 25 mm
  • the corresponding resonant frequency is around 2500 MHz.
  • the actual measured S11 table is as follows:
  • the range of effective operation of the antenna at this time is from
  • the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention covers the frequency between 678 MHz and 960 MHz and 1710 MHz to 2700 MHz when the antenna clearance requires only 7 mm.
  • FIG. 8 shows an antenna device 801 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes an antenna 802, a first obtaining unit 803, and a control unit 804.
  • the first acquiring unit 803 and the control unit 804 are electrically connected, and the control is performed.
  • the unit 804 is electrically connected to the antenna 802.
  • the antenna 802 includes: a feeding point, a feeding branch and a coupling branch; the feeding branch is electrically connected to the feeding point; the coupling branch and the feeding
  • the coupling section includes at least two grounding points; one of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and the other grounding points are selectively grounded or ungrounded; or, the at least two connections When one of the grounding points in the location is grounded, the other grounding points may be selectively grounded or ungrounded.
  • the first obtaining unit 803 is configured to acquire a target working frequency band; the control unit 804 is configured to adjust a grounding combination of the antenna 802 according to the target working frequency band; the grounding combination includes the at least two groundings, * grounding Or a combination that is not grounded;
  • the first obtaining unit 803 can be a user input device, such as a touch screen.
  • Control unit 803 can be a processor, such as a processor of a terminal device.
  • the antenna device further includes a storage unit, wherein the storage unit and the control unit are electrically connected, that is, data can be transmitted between the storage unit and the control unit, and the storage unit is configured to store a ground.
  • the grounding table records the working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the grounding combination; the adjusting the grounding combination of the antenna according to the target working frequency band specifically includes: according to the target working frequency band in the grounding situation The working frequency band of the corresponding antenna is found in the table, and the combination of the grounding points is selected according to the corresponding relationship between the grounding combination recorded in the grounding condition table and the working frequency band of the antenna.
  • the storage unit may be a memory of the terminal device; the corresponding situation includes the case where the working frequency band of the antenna and the target working frequency band are the same or similar, and specifically, the method of selectively grounding through the switch is used, in the antenna design and production, Record the working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the opening and closing of different switches, record the working frequency band corresponding to the opening and closing of different switches to the grounding condition table, and then obtain the working frequency band provided by the operator when using, and find the antenna in the grounding table correspondingly.
  • the switch is opened and closed according to the corresponding relationship between the antenna working frequency band and the switch opening and closing in the grounding condition table.
  • the terminal where the antenna is located can also preset and update the working frequency band table, which records the correspondence between the operating frequency bands provided by the operator and the operator. Exemplarily, the above method is further explained with reference to Table 3:
  • the frequency band of NTT docomo is recorded as 1450MHz ⁇ 1520MHz and 1920MHz ⁇ l 980MHz, 2110MHz ⁇ 2170MHz, B operator's working frequency band is 700 ⁇ 800MHz;
  • This working frequency band table can be stored in the terminal's memory, the data in the working frequency band table can be preset at the time of production, or can be sold After receiving the data update from the network side, the data changed by the operator is added to the table during the update.
  • the corresponding antenna working frequency band is 1450 MHz-1520MHz; while switch 1 is closed and switch 2 is disconnected (equivalent to grounding combination 2).
  • the corresponding antenna working frequency band is 1920MHz ⁇ 1980MHz, 2110MHz ⁇ 2170MHz.
  • Switch 1 and switch 2 are both closed (equivalent to grounding combination 3).
  • the corresponding antenna working frequency band is 1920MHz ⁇ 1980MHz, and the corresponding antenna working frequency band is 700 ⁇ 850MHz.
  • the terminal When the terminal knows the working frequency band provided by the current location operator, Find the corresponding antenna working frequency band in the grounding condition table according to the working frequency band provided by the operator, and then select an appropriate switch opening and closing situation (ie, grounding combination) according to the corresponding relationship between the antenna working frequency band and the switch opening and closing combination, for example, When the terminal needs to work in the 1450MHz ⁇ 1520MHz band of NTT docomo, find the same antenna as this band.
  • Working frequency band determines that switch 1 is open and switch 2 is closed; when the terminal needs to work in NTT docomo's 1920MHz ⁇ 1980MHz, 2110MHz ⁇ 2170MHz frequency band, find the same antenna working frequency band, and then determine switch 1 closed, switch 2 Disconnected, when the working frequency band provided by the B operator is 700 ⁇ 800Mhz, although the antenna working frequency band is not recorded in the grounding condition table, there is one antenna working frequency band of 700 ⁇ 850MHz, which can cover the B operator. The working frequency band, then select switch 1 and switch 2 are closed. Specifically, which antenna working frequency band corresponds to different switch opening and closing, can be determined by the technician during antenna design and production. Therefore, the information of the grounding condition table is set before leaving the factory, and does not need to be updated after leaving the factory. It can also be stored in the memory of the terminal.
  • the first obtaining unit may be a user input device, such as a touch screen.
  • the obtaining, by the first acquiring unit, the target working frequency band specifically includes: acquiring the working frequency band of the operator according to the user's self-selection at the user input device.
  • the method in which the terminal obtains the operating frequency band of the operator includes that the user can select the operator to determine the working frequency band provided by the operator according to the working frequency band table.
  • the invention is not limited in any way.
  • the antenna device further includes a second acquiring unit, and the second acquiring unit Electrically connected to the control unit, the second acquiring unit is configured to acquire a grip condition of the user; the grounding condition table further records a correspondence between a working frequency band, a holding condition, and a grounding combination of the antenna;
  • the unit is further configured to: adjust a working frequency band of the antenna according to the target working frequency band and the user's holding condition; and adjust the working frequency band of the antenna according to the target working frequency band and the user's holding condition;
  • the method includes: finding a working frequency band of the corresponding antenna in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band and the holding condition, and operating frequency bands, holding and recording of the antenna according to the grounding condition table The corresponding combination of the grounding combinations selects the grounding combination.
  • the second obtaining unit is a user input device.
  • the obtaining, by the second acquiring unit, the user's holding situation specifically includes: acquiring a holding condition according to the user's self-selection of the user input device; or the second acquiring unit
  • the acquiring condition of the user by the second acquiring unit specifically includes: the sensor determines the holding condition by the grip of the human hand, or the sensor determines the holding condition by the sliding trace of the finger.
  • the holding situation includes holding the right and left hands, holding the hands and backs, and the like.
  • the antenna includes:
  • the feeding branch 101 is electrically connected to the feeding point 102; the coupling branch 103 is coupled to the feeding branch 101, the coupling branch 103 and the feeding branch 101 are both bilaterally symmetric, and the coupling branch 103 and the feeding branch 101 have the same symmetry
  • the shaft shown by a broken line in the figure
  • the feeding point 102 is located on the symmetry axis of the coupling branch 103 and the feeding branch 101;
  • the coupling branch is electrically connected to the grounding point 104 through the two switches 105g, 105h, when one switch is closed, The other switch is turned off, and the two switches 105g, 105h are also disposed at positions symmetric with respect to the above-mentioned symmetry axis.
  • an embodiment of another antenna device is provided
  • the positions of the feeding branch 101, the coupling branch 103, and the two switches 105g, 105h are all set symmetrically about the same axis of symmetry, and the antenna obtained in this way is relatively easy to analyze for the right and left hands.
  • the effect on antenna performance when holding Specifically, in the design and debugging of the mobile phone, it is determined that different switches are opened and closed when the left and right hands are respectively held to make the antennas have the same or similar antenna efficiency.
  • the switch 105g Disconnect, switch 105h is closed, the performance of the antenna is better, just switch 105g
  • the corresponding record is the combination of the switch opening and closing when the right hand is held, and when the left hand is held, the switch 105g is closed, the switch 105h is turned off, and the efficiency of the antenna can also reach the switch when the right hand is held.
  • the 105g is turned off and the switch 105h is closed, the corresponding situation is recorded as the combination of the switch opening and closing when the left hand is held, and the above information is stored in the memory of the mobile phone.
  • the user can directly input the left and right hand grips on the input device, or the sensor can be used to determine the left and right hand grips, or the left and right hand grips can be judged by the sliding marks of the fingers, etc., and the user is identified.
  • the corresponding grounding combination is selected according to the working frequency band of the antenna, the correspondence between the holding and the grounding combination recorded in the grounding condition table mentioned above.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is exemplified in a symmetrical manner, in the asymmetric antenna form, it is also possible to achieve different switch opening and closing corresponding to the same or similar effects when the left and right hands are held during design and debugging.
  • the preferred switch opening and closing combination condition is recorded in the memory, and when the user uses, according to the above-mentioned method of recognizing the left and right hand grips, the preferred switch opening and closing combination is obtained from the memory, and the corresponding operation is performed. . Combined with Table 4, it can be further explained.
  • the switch combination 1 when designing and debugging, it is found that when the working frequency band of the antenna is 700 ⁇ 800MHz, and the right hand is held, the switch combination 1 has a better effect on the working frequency band, and when the left hand is held, The switch combination 2 has a better effect. Then, the working frequency band of the antenna, the holding condition of the left and right hands, and the corresponding opening and closing of the switch are recorded in the grounding condition table.
  • the operating frequency band of the operator B is 700 ⁇ 800 MHz, and the grounding is performed.
  • find the case where the antenna working frequency band is 700 ⁇ 800MHz, and then judge whether it is left-handed or right-handed, combined with the antenna working frequency band and the right and left hand holding conditions. In case, find the corresponding switch combination. In this way, the antenna can have better efficiency whether the user holds the left hand or the right hand.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal includes a body 1001 and an antenna device 1002, and the antenna device 1002 is disposed on the terminal body 1001.
  • the antenna device includes the first acquisition unit, the control unit, the antenna or the second acquisition unit, the storage unit, and the like mentioned in the above embodiments.
  • the first obtaining unit may be a user input device
  • the control unit may be a processor
  • the second obtaining unit may be a user input device, a sensor, etc.
  • the storage unit may be a memory.
  • the antenna may be located at the bottom side elevation of the handheld terminal, wherein the position of the feeding point is in the middle of the bottom side elevation, it being understood that due to the feeding point The position is located in the middle of the bottom of the side façade, which can effectively reduce the influence of the left and right hand dies, so that the antenna maintains a good working efficiency.
  • the current path length in the coupling branch is changed by adding a switch at different positions of the coupling branch, that is, changing the resonant frequency of the antenna and the corresponding working frequency band, corresponding to the case of selecting different switches Different working frequency bands, so the clearance of the antenna only needs to meet the maximum clearance requirement under various switching conditions, and it does not need to meet the clearance requirement when the antenna can work in all working frequency bands, so that the antenna can be more Frequency coverage, no need to increase the clearance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for adjusting an operating frequency band of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method includes: 1101: acquiring a target working frequency band; 1102, adjusting a grounding combination of the antenna, and adjusting the working frequency band of the antenna to Corresponding to the target working frequency band.
  • the antenna includes at least two grounding points, and one of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, or when one of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding points may be Selectively grounded or ungrounded.
  • adjusting the grounding combination of the antenna to adjust the operating frequency band of the antenna to correspond to the target working frequency band specifically includes: presetting a grounding condition table at a terminal where the antenna is located, where the grounding condition table records a working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the grounding combination, the grounding combination comprising a combination of the at least two grounding points being grounded or not grounded; finding a corresponding working frequency band of the antenna in the grounding situation table according to the target working frequency band And selecting the ground combination according to an operating frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the ground combination recorded in the grounding condition table.
  • the grounding combination includes the at least A combination of two grounding points that are grounded or ungrounded.
  • the method further includes acquiring a grip condition of the user; including a positive hand grip, a reverse grip, a left hand grip, a right hand grip, and the like.
  • the corresponding grounding condition table further records a correspondence between an operating frequency band, a holding condition, and a grounding combination of the antenna; and the corresponding antenna is found in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band and the holding condition. The working frequency band is selected according to the corresponding relationship recorded in the grounding condition table.
  • the obtaining the holding situation includes: the user selects the grip condition by himself, or judges the grip condition by using the sensor, or judges the grip condition by the sliding trace of the finger.
  • the acquiring the target working frequency band includes: the user selects an operating frequency band of the operator.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention selects an appropriate grounding condition by acquiring a target working frequency band of the antenna, so that the working frequency band of the antenna is adjusted to correspond to the target working frequency band. Specifically, by increasing the switch at different positions of the antenna, the current path length of the current in the antenna is changed, that is, the resonant frequency of the antenna and the corresponding operating frequency band are changed. Since different grounding combinations are selected to correspond to different working frequency bands, the headroom of the antenna only needs to meet the maximum headroom requirement under various switching conditions, and does not need to meet the headroom requirement that the antenna can work in all working frequency bands, thus It can make the antenna cover multiple frequencies without increasing the headroom.
  • unit mentioned in some embodiments of the present invention is a combination of hardware and/or software that can implement corresponding functions, that is, hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware can be conceived. of.
  • the above electrical connection method includes not only direct physical contact or electrical contact between different units, but also transmission of electrical signals between different units although there is no direct physical contact or electrical contact. .

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Abstract

 本发明实施例了提供一种天线、天线装置、终端和调整天线工作频段的方法。其中天线包括:馈电点,馈电枝节和耦合枝节;馈电枝节与馈电点电性连接;耦合枝节与馈电枝节耦合;耦合枝节包括至少两个接地点,至少两个接地点中的一个接地点用于接地,其他接地点可选择性的接地或不接地,或者,至少两个接地点中的一个接地点接地时,其他接地点可选择性的接地或不接地。釆用本发明实施例提供的天线,改变耦合枝节的接地组合,使天线的工作频段增多,由于选择不同接地组合对应不同的天线工作频段,所以天线净空只需满足各种接地组合下的最大净空需求,而不必达到天线在整个工作频段都工作时的净空要求,从而使天线多频覆盖的同时,无需增加净空。

Description

天线、 天线装置、 终端以及调整天线工作频段的方法 技术领域 本发明涉及移动通信技术领域, 尤其涉及一种天线、 天线装置、 终 端以及调整天线工作频段的方法。 背景技术 净空是指为了使天线能有较宽的工作带宽 (每个天线都有其中心谐 振频率, 在偏离中心谐振频率时, 天线的某些电性能将会下降, 电性能 下降到容许值的频率始末范围, 就是天线的工作频段。 工作频段的宽度 即工作带宽) , 在天线周围保留的最小干净空间, 在这个干净空间里不 能有其他影响天线工作效率的元器件。 如果把天线看做一个点, 则净空 可以理解为球形空间, 在分析净空时, 常采用最小距离 (相当于球形空 间的半径) 来表述净空的大小。
现有技术中采用增加耦合枝节的方式, 可以增加单一天线的工作带 宽, 但增加的效果一般, 且想进一步的增加天线的谐振频率从而获得更 多的工作频段比较困难。 同时, 由于天线净空和天线带宽间具有密切的 关系, 带宽越宽, 对净空的要求越高, 所以要获得宽的带宽, 就要设法 增加净空的空间。 比如, 现有技术中单一天线的方案, 若分别覆盖 698MHz~960MHz或 1710MHz〜2700MHz时, 天线的净空都只需要 7mm 即可, 而当一个天线要同时覆盖这两个频段时, 天线的净空则需要增加 到 10mm 以上才能有较好的天线效率, 而对小型化的手持终端, 很难提 供一个超过 10mm的净空给天线。 发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明的实施例提供了一种天线、 天线装置、 终端以 及调整天线工作频段的方法, 能够解决天线多频覆盖时, 需要增加净 空的问题。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的实施例釆用如下技术方案:
第一方面,提供了一种天线, 包括: 馈电点,馈电枝节和耦合枝节; 所述馈电枝节与所述馈电点电性连接; 所述耦合枝节与所述馈电枝节耦合; 所述耦合枝节包括至少两个接地点;所述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点用 于接地, 其他接地点可选择性的接地或不接地; 或者, 所述至少两个接地点 中的一个接地点接地时, 其他接地点可选择性的接地或不接地。
在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中,所述至少两个接地点中的一个 接地点用于接地, 其他接地点可选择性的接地或不接地具体包括: 所述一 个接地点直接接地, 所述其他接地点通过开关可选择性的接地或不接地。
在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中, 所述一个接地点接地时, 其他 接地点可选择性的接地或不接地具体包括:
所述一个接地点通过开关接地时,所述其他接地点可选择性的通过开关 接地或不接地。
结合第一方面或第一方面第一或第二种可能的实现方式中任意一种,第 三种可能的实现方式是, 所述一个接地点接地具体包括: 所述一个接地点 在所述耦合枝节的端部接地, 所述端部是指从这个端部出发, 到达耦合枝 节上最远的辐射点的电流路径长度最长。
第二方面, 提供了一种天线装置, 包括天线、 第一获取单元和控 制单元, 所述第一获取单元和所述控制单元电性连接; 所述控制单元 和所述天线电性连接; 所述天线包括: 馈电点, 馈电枝节和耦合枝节; 所述馈电枝节与所述馈电点电性连接; 所述耦合枝节与所述馈电枝节 耦合; 所述耦合枝节包括至少两个接地点; 所述至少两个接地点中的 一个接地点用于接地, 其他接地点可选择性的接地或不接地; 或者, 所述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点接地时 , 其他接地点可选择性的 接地或不接地; 所述第一获取单元用于获取目标工作频段; 所述控制 单元用于根据所述目标工作频段调整所述天线的接地组合; 所述接地 组合包括所述至少两个接地点接地或不接地的组合。
在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中, 天线装置进一步包括存储单 元, 所述存储单元和所述控制单元电性连接, 所述存储单元用于存储 一张接地情况表, 所述接地情况表记录着接地组合对应的天线的工作 频段; 所述根据所述目标工作频段调整所述天线的工作频段具体包括: 根据所述目标工作频段在所述接地情况表中找到对应的所述天线的工 作频段, 根据所述接地情况表记录的所述接地组合与所述天线的工作 频段的对应关系, 选择所述接地组合。
结合第二方面第一种可能的实现方式, 第二种可能的实现方式是, 所述 天线装置还包括第二获取单元, 所述第二获取单元和所述控制单元电 性连接, 用于获取用户的握持情况; 所述接地情况表进一步记录着所 述天线的工作频段、 握持情况和接地组合的对应关系; 所述控制单元 进一步用于根据所述目标工作频段和所述用户的握持情况调整所述天 线的工作频段; 所述根据所述目标工作频段和所述用户的握持情况调 整所述天线的工作频段具体包括: 根据所述目标工作频段和所述握持 的情况在所述接地情况表中找到对应的所述天线的工作频段, 根据所 述接地情况表记录的所述天线的工作频段、 握持情况和所述接地组合 的对应关系, 选择所述接地组合。
结合第二方面第二种可能的实现方式, 第三种可能的实现方式是, 所述 第二获取单元为用户输入装置; 所述第二获取单元获取用户的握持情 况具体包括: 根据用户在所述用户输入装置的自行选择获取握持情况; 或者, 所述第二获取单元为传感器; 所述第二获取单元获取用户的握 持情况具体包括: 所述传感器通过人手的握持判断握持的情况, 或者 所述传感器通过手指的滑动痕迹判断握持的情况。
结合第二方面或第二方面第一到第三种可能的实现方式中任意一种,第 四种可能的实现方式是, 所述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点用于接地, 其 他接地点可选择性的接地或不接地具体包括: 所述一个接地点直接接地, 其他接地点通过开关可选择性的接地或不接地。
结合第二方面或第二方面第一到第三种可能的实现方式中任意一种,第 五种可能的实现方式是, 所述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点接地时, 其他 接地点可选择性的接地或不接地具体包括: 所述一个接地点通过开关接地, 其他接地点可选择性的通过开关接地或不接地。
结合第二方面或第二方面第一到第五种可能的实现方式中任意一种,第 六种可能的实现方式是, 所述一个接地点接地具体包括: 所述一个接地点 在所述耦合枝节的端部接地, 所述端部是指从这个端部出发, 到达耦合枝 节上最远的辐射点的电流路径长度最长。
结合第二方面或第二方面第一到第六种可能的实现方式中任意一种,第 七种可能的实现方式是, 所述第一获取单元为用户输入装置, 所述第一 获取单元获取目标工作频段具体包括: 根据用户在所述用户输入装置 的自行选择获取运营商的工作频段。
第三方面, 提供一种终端, 所述终端包括本体和第二方面任意一 种天线装置, 所述天线装置设置在所述本体上。
第四方面, 提供一种调整天线工作频段的方法, 包括: 获取目标 工作频段; 调整天线的接地组合, 使所述天线工作频段调整到与所述 目标工作频段对应。
在第四方面的第一种可能的实现方式中, 所述天线包括至少两个接 地点, 所述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点用于接地, 其他接地点可选择性 的接地或不接地; 所述调整天线的接地组合, 使所述天线工作频段调整 到与所述目标工作频段对应具体包括: 在所述天线所在的终端预置一 张接地情况表, 所述接地情况表记录着接地组合对应的天线的工作频 段, 所述接地组合包含所述至少两个接地点接地或不接地的组合; 根 据所述目标工作频段在所述接地情况表中找到对应的所述天线的工作 频段, 根据所述接地情况表记录的接地组合对应的天线的工作频段, 选择所述接地组合。
在第四方面的第二种可能的实现方式中, 所述天线包括至少两个接 地点, 所述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点接地时, 其他接地点可选择性的 接地或不接地; 所述调整天线的接地组合, 使所述天线工作频段调整到 与所述目标工作频段对应具体包括: 在所述天线所在的终端预置一张 接地情况表, 所述接地情况表记录着接地组合对应的天线的工作频段, 所述接地组合包含所述至少两个接地点接地或不接地的组合; 根据所 述目标工作频段在所述接地情况表中找到对应的所述天线的工作频段, 根据所述接地情况表记录的接地组合对应的天线的工作频段, 选择所 述接地组合。
结合第四方面的第一或第二种可能的实现方式, 第三种可能的实 现方式是, 所述方法还包括获取用户的握持情况; 所述接地情况表进 一步记录着天线的工作频段、 握持情况和接地组合的对应关系; 根据 所述目标工作频段和握持情况在所述接地情况表中找到对应的所述天 线的工作频段, 根据所述接地情况表记录的所述对应关系, 选择所述 接地组合。 结合第四方面的第三种可能的实现方式, 第四种可能的实现方式 是: 所述获取用户的握持情况包括: 用户 自行选择握持情况, 或者传 感器通过人手的握持判断握持情况, 或者传感器通过手指的滑动痕迹 判断握持情况。
结合第四方面与第四方面第一到第四种可能的实现方式中任意一 种, 第五种可能的实现方式是: 所述获取目标工作频段包括: 用户 自 行选择运营商的工作频段。
本发明实施例提供了一种天线、 天线装置、 终端和调整天线工作频 段的方法, 采用本发明实施例提供的天线,通过选择合适的接地组合, 从而改变天线的谐振频率和对应的工作频段, 由于选择不同接地组合 对应着不同的工作频段, 所以天线的净空只需要满足各种接地情况下 的最大净空需求即可, 而不需要达到天线在所有工作频段都工作时的 净空要求, 这样就可以使天线多频覆盖的同时, 不需要增加净空。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实 施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面 描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为本发明实施例提供的一种天线结构示意图;
图 1 a为本发明实施例提供的一种天线中电流路径示意图; 图 lb为本发明实施例提供的一种天线中电流路径示意图; 图 2为本发明实施例提供的一种天线结构示意图;
图 2a为本发明实施例提供的一种天线中电流路径示意图; 图 2b为本发明实施例提供的一种天线中电流路径示意图; 图 3为本发明实施例提供的一种天线结构示意图;
图 3a为本发明实施例提供的一种天线中电流路径示意图; 图 3b为本发明实施例提供的一种天线中电流路径示意图; 图 4为本发明实施例提供的一种天线结构示意图;
图 5为本发明实施例提供的一种天线结构示意图;
图 6 为本发明实施例提供的在介质基板上附着馈电枝节、 耦合枝 节的示意图;
图 7为本发明实施例提供的一种天线结构示意图;
图 7a为本发明实施例提供的一种天线中电流路径示意图; 图 7b为本发明实施例提供的一种天线中电流路径示意图; 图 8为本发明实施例提供的一种天线装置示意图;
图 9为本发明实施例提供的一种天线结构示意图;
图 10为本发明实施例提供的一种终端示意框图;
图 1 1为本发明实施例提供的一种方法流程示意图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行 清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而 不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有做 出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
虽然, 以下说明和附图以天线适用在移动电话为主。 但是, 要理解, 本 发明不限于这种应用, 而是可以应用到实现根据本发明实施例提供的天线方 案设计的许多其它通信终端, 包括移动电话、寻呼机、通信器、 电子管理器、 智能电话、 PDA个人数字助理、 车载无线电通信装置、 计算机、 打印机、 传 真机等。
图 1为本发明实施例提供的一种天线结构示意图, 该天线包括: 馈电枝节 101、 馈电点 102、 耦合枝节 103、 耦合枝节 103 包括至少 两个接地点 104 (本实施例中用两个接地点来描述) 。 馈电枝节 101 与 馈电点 102电性连接, 耦合枝节 103与馈电枝节 101耦合; 所述至少两 个接地点中的一个接地点用于接地, 其他接地点可选择性的接地或不接 地; 或者, 所述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点接地时, 其他接地点可 选择性的接地或不接地。 需要说明的是, 至少两个接地点中的一个接地点用于接地是指这个 接地点一直接地, 而至少两个接地点中的一个接地点接地时, 其他接地 点可选择性的接地或不接地则表示: 至少两个接地点中至少有一个接地 点需要接地, 而接地的接地点可能根据不同情况而不一样, 无论是上述 一个接地点用于接地或者是一个接地点接地时的情况, 都是为了使所述 耦合枝节 103与接地点 104总有电性连接。 可以理解的, 上述接地点选 择性的接地或不接地的情况, 可以通过开关 105来实现, 故下面的实施 例中若无特別说明,均以耦合枝节 103通过开关 105选择性的接地为例。
具体的, 当耦合枝节 103与接地点 104间只有一个开关 105时, 耦 合枝节 105在其它位置 (本实施例中用在天线的端部来举例, 下文中会 进一步解释端部的含义) 与接地点 104要有电性连接以使得所述耦合枝 节 103与接地点 104总有电性连接, 也就是上面提到的 "至少两个接地 点中的一个接地点用于接地" 的情况, 在这种情况下, 当开关 105断开 时, 电流路径是天线固有的结构确定的 (即图 la 中虚线所示为电流路 径, 箭头所示为电流方向) , 而当开关 105闭合后, 耦合枝节上就增加 了新的接地点, 改变了原先的电场分布, 从而会形成新的电流路径 (图 lb中虚线所示为新的电流路径, 箭头所示为电流路径的走向) 。 由于新 的电流路径长度与原来的电流路径长度不同, 所以就可能与馈电枝节 101耦合产生不同的天线谐振频率与工作频段, 而且, 当开关 105 的位 置不同时, 新的电流路径也会不同, 具体选择在哪个位置可以根据天线 需要工作的工作频段等因素, 通过调试的方式确定。 可以理解的, 这种 情况可以扩展为多开关的情况, 参见图 2 , 从该图可见, 耦合枝节 103 有一个接地点用于接地, 另外通过两个开关 105选择性的接地, 当两个 开关 105 都断开时, 电流路径的长度由天线的固有结构确定 (图 2a 中 虚线所示为电流路径, 箭头所示为电流方向) ; 当开关 105a 闭合、 开 关 105b断开时, 耦合枝节中的电流路径发生改变 (图 2b中虚线所示为 电流路径, 箭头所示为电流方向) , 若开关的开闭方式进一步改变, 则 会进一步改变电流路径, 相关内容不再赘述。
第二种情况 (参见图 3 ) , 耦合枝节 103上并不存在一个与接地点 104始终保持电性连接的位置, 那么, 这就要求在开关 105的各种开闭 情况下,至少有一个开关 105处于闭合状态,即:有一个接地点接地时, 其他接地点可选择性的接地或不接地的情况。可以理解的,多个开关 105 不同的开闭状态, 会将耦合枝节 103分割成不同的部分, 也就是说会在 耦合枝节 103成不同的电流路径长度,例如, 图 3a中(开关 105c闭合, 开关 105d断开) 和图 3b中 (开关 105c断开、 开关 105d闭合) 对应的 电流路径不同, 从而改变耦合枝节 103与馈电枝节 101的耦合量, 改变 天线谐振频率与对应的天线工作频段。 具体选择在哪个位置可以根据天 线需要工作的工作频段等因素, 通过调试的方式确定。
需要说明的是, 在耦合枝节的一个接地点接地, 这一个接地点优选 在耦合枝节的端部接地, 这里所说的端部 (包括图 1 (图 la、 图 lb ) 、 图 2 (图 2a、 图 2b ) 中 103和 104连接的地方) , 是指当一个耦合枝节 的结构确定后,从这个端部出发,到达耦合枝节上最远的辐射点(图 1、 图 2中 Δ所示的位置为最远辐射点, △仅用来标示位置, 不是天线结构 的一部分, 其他附图中的 Δ也表示相同的含义) 的电流路径长度 (如图 la、 图 2a中的虚线长度)最长。 之所以这样选择, 是因为电流路径的长 度和天线的谐振频率负相关, 当电流路径的长度最长时, 产生的谐振频 率最低,如果不选择在端部,而是选择在耦合枝节 103端部以外的位置, 可以理解的, 从端部以外的位置到耦合枝节的任一位置的电流路径长度 (如图 l b、 图 2b中的虚线长度) 都会小于从端部到最远的辐射点的电 流路径长度, 电流路径长度越短, 能产生的低频谐振频率越少, 整个天 线的可工作频段数减少,相当于浪费了一段天线长度,这无疑是和宽频、 多频的期望相背离的。 可以理解的, 在耦合枝节 103上全部通过多个开 关与接地点电性连接时 (如图 3 ) , 其中一个开关 (如图 3 中的 105c ) 可以优选在耦合枝节的端部, 这样当这个开关闭合时 (参见图 3a ) , 耦 合枝节 103中可以产生最长的电流路径长度 (图 3a中的虚线长度) 。
需要说明的是, 在耦合枝节 103上增加开关 105 , 可以改变耦合枝 节 103中电流路径的长度, 从而改变天线谐振频率和对应的天线工作频 段, 这样, 天线净空只要满足改变前和改变后的天线对净空的要求中大 的那个值, 即只需要满足最大净空需求。 比如, 耦合枝节 103上只有一 个开关 105 的情况, 假设当这个开关 105 断开时, 天线能覆盖 698ΜΗζ~960ΜΗζ , 净空要求 7mm , 当其闭合时, 该天线覆盖 1710MHz~2700MHz时, 净空需要 7.5mm, 那么整个天线的净空需求就 只要 7.5mm即可, 而不用像一个天线要同时覆盖这两个频段时, 将天线 的净空加到 10mm以上。 天线在每一个工作频段工作时均有对应的净空 需求, 在不同的工作频段工作可能对应着不同的净空需求, 而这些净空 需求中的最大值就是最大净空需求。
进一步的, 为了减少外来信号对天线工作的千扰, 馈电枝节可以通 过馈电点与馈线( feeder )相连接。 馈线是指向天线馈送电能的传输线, 与普通导线相比, 馈线对接收信号的高频衰减较小, 抗干扰能力强, 不 易受到外来高频信号的干扰。 当发送信号时, 射频芯片的输出端通过馈 线将电能传输到馈电枝节, 由天线将电能转换成可以在自由空间传播的 电磁波; 当接收信号时, 射频芯片的输入端接收馈线从天线捕获的自由 空间中的电磁波。 可以理解的, 上面提到的射频芯片也可以替换为分立 元件的组合, 具体的又可以包括滤波电路、 功率放大电路、 调制解调电 路等。
本发明实施例对耦合枝节与馈电枝节的形状不做限制。可以如图 1~ 图 3的形式, 也可以采用馈电枝节呈倒 U形, 耦合枝节呈 Π型半包围馈 电枝节的形式 (如图 4 ) , 馈电枝节和耦合枝节还可以采用蛇形天线的 形式 (如图 5 ) , 采用不同的天线形式, 可以用来增强或减弱耦合枝节 和馈电枝节间的耦合量, 从而获得需要的天线工作频段。
馈电枝节 101、 耦合枝节 103与接地点 104所在平面 (一般是主板 所在的印刷线路板) 间可以以空气为介质。 进一步的, 为了减小天线的 尺寸, 馈电枝节 101、 耦合枝节 103可以附着到介质基板 601上 (参见 图 6 ) , 介质基板 601 的介电常数大于空气的介电常数。 介质基板 401 的材料可包括塑料、 玻璃、 陶瓷、 或者诸如包含硅或碳氢化合物的复合 材料形成。 在手机等移动终端的应用环境下, 介质基板 601的厚度在几 毫米左右。
可选的, 馈电枝节 101、 耦合枝节 103都可以是金属材质的, 所述 的金属材质由 (或者包括) 铜、 铝、 金等组成。
可选的, 可以使用激光直接成型技术或其它技术把馈电枝节 101、 耦合枝节 103镀形到介质基板 601, 也可以用粘合剂或其他方式使馈电 枝节 101、 寄生枝节 103附着到介质基板 601。 可选的, 耦合枝节和接地点间电性连接的方式, 可以是通过金属弹 片的方式连接, 也可以是焊接的方式, 或者其它连接方式。
图 7以一个具体的实施例来说明本发明实施例提供的天线可以在不 增加净空的情况下较好的覆盖多个工作频段, 该天线包括:
馈电枝节 101与馈电点 102电性连接, 馈电枝节为倒 U型, 耦合枝 节 103与馈电枝节 101耦合, 耦合枝节近似为 "天" 字型; 耦合枝节半 包围所述馈电枝节 101 ; 耦合枝节通过开关 105d、 105e与接地点 104电 性连接, 当一个开关闭合时, 另一个开关断开。 在本发明实施例中, 天 线净空为 7mm, 馈电枝节的长度约为 35mm, 主要谐振在 2100MHz附 近, 开关 105d位于耦合枝节 103的端部, 当开关 105d闭合, 开关 105e 断开时, 电流在耦合枝节 103中有最长有效电流路径 (参见图 7a ) , 如 图所见, 最长有效电流路径约为 105mm , 天线谐振在 700MHz附近, 实 际测得的 S1 1表如下:
表一:
Figure imgf000012_0001
Sl l 表示回波损耗特性, 是评估天线效率的一个常用参数, 此参数 值越小, 表示反射回来的能量也小, 从而天线效率越好。 一般, 在电小 天线的情况下, S 1 1值应小于 -5dB。
因此, 从实际测得的数据可知, 在 678MHz~746MHz时, S 1 1值均 小于 -5dB , 所以此时天线有效工作的范围覆盖 678MHz〜746MHz。
当开关 105d 断开, 开关 105e 闭合时 (参见图 7b ) , 在耦合枝节
103中, 开关 105e的位置电流最大, 整个耦合枝节 103中的电流路径发 生了改变, 大致可以抽象成三条电流路径, 电流路径 1 (从开关 105e到 辐射点△ 1 ) 对应的长度约为 80mm , 此条电流路径对应的谐振频率在 850MHz附近, 电流路径 2 (从开关 105e到辐射点 Δ 2 ) 对应的长度约 为 37mm, 对应的谐振频率在 1800MHz附近, 电流路径 3 (从开关 105e 到辐射点 Δ 3 ) 对应的长度约为 25mm , 对应的谐振频率在 2500MHz附 近。
实际测得的 S11表如下:
表二
Figure imgf000013_0001
从实 际测得的数据可知 , 此时天线有效工作 的 范 围 从
790MHz~960MHz, 1710MHz~2700MHzo
综上, 采用本发明实施例的天线, 在天线净空只需要 7mm 的情况 下 , 基本覆盖了 678MHz~960MHz和 1710MHz~2700MHz间的频率。
进一步的, 图 8表示本发明实施例提供的一种天线装置 801 , 包括 天线 802、 第一获取单元 803 和控制单元 804 , 所述第一获取单元 803 和控制单元 804电性连接, 所述控制单元 804和天线 802电性连接, 所 述天线 802包括: 馈电点, 馈电枝节和耦合枝节; 所述馈电枝节与所述 馈电点电性连接; 所述耦合枝节与所述馈电枝节耦合; 所述耦合枝节包 括至少两个接地点; 所述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点用于接地, 其 他接地点可选择性的接地或不接地; 或者, 所述至少两个接地点中的一 个接地点接地时, 其他接地点可选择性的接地或不接地。 所述第一获取 单元 803用于获取目标工作频段; 所述控制单元 804用于根据所述目标 工作频段调整所述天线 802的接地组合; 所述接地组合包括所述至少两 个接地, *接地或不接地的组合; 其中, 第一获取单元 803可以是用户输入装置, 比如触摸屏。 控制 单元 803可以是处理器,比如终端设备的处理器。在一种可选的方式中, 所述天线装置进一步包括存储单元, 存储单元和控制单元间有电性连接, 即存储单元和控制单元间能传输数据, 所述存储单元用于存储一张接地 情况表, 所述接地情况表记录着接地组合对应的所述天线的工作频段; 所述根据所述目标工作频段调整所述天线的接地组合具体包括: 根据所 述目标工作频段在所述接地情况表中找到对应的所述天线的工作频段, 根据所述接地情况表记录的所述接地组合与所述天线的工作频段的对 应关系, 选择所述接地点的组合。 其中, 存储单元可以是终端设备的存 储器; 所述的对应包括天线工作频段和目标工作频段相同或相近的情况, 具体的, 仍以通过开关选择性接地的方式举例, 在天线设计和生产 时, 记录下不同开关开闭对应的天线工作频段, 将不同开关开闭对应的 天线工作频段记录到接地情况表中, 然后在使用时获取运营商提供的工 作频段, 对应的找到接地情况表中的天线工作频段, 然后根据接地情况 表中天线工作频段和开关开闭的对应关系, 选择开关开闭的情况。 天线 所在的终端还可以预置和更新工作频段表, 这张表记录着不用运营商和 运营商提供的工作频段间的对应关系。 示例性的, 参考表三进一步说明 上述方法:
表三
Figure imgf000014_0001
Figure imgf000014_0003
Figure imgf000014_0002
在表三中, 记录着 NTT docomo 的频段为 1450MHz~1520MHz 和 1920MHz〜l 980MHz、 2110MHz~2170MHz , B 运营商的工作频段是 700~800MHz; 这张工作频段表可以存储在终端的存储器内, 工作频段 表中的数据可以在生产时预置, 也可以在销售后从网絡侧接收数据更新, 更新时把运营商变更的数据加入到该表中。 在终端内还有另一张接地情 况表, 这张表, 记录着不同开关开闭的组合 (相当于接地组合) 对应的 天线的不同工作频段, 比如, 接地情况表中记录开关 1断开、 开关 2闭 合 (相当于接地组合一) 对应的天线工作频段是 1450 MHz- 1520MHz; 而开关 1 闭合、 开关 2断开 (相当于接地组合二) 对应的天线工作频段 是 1920MHz~1980MHz、2110MHz~2170MHz,开关 1和开关 2都闭合(相 当于接地组合三) 对应的天线工作频段是 1920MHz~1980MHz、 对应的 天线工作频段是 700〜850MHz, 当终端获知了当前位置运营商提供的工 作频段, 就可以根据运营商提供的工作频段在所述接地情况表中找到对 应的天线工作频段, 然后根据天线工作频段和开关开闭组合间的对应关 系选择合适的开关开闭情况 (即接地组合) , 比如, 当终端需要工作在 NTT docomo的 1450MHz~1520MHz频段时, 就找到与该频段相同的天 线工作频段, 继而确定开关 1 断开、 开关 2 闭合; 当终端需要工作在 NTT docomo的 1920MHz~1980MHz、 2110MHz~2170MHz频段时, 就找 到与之相同的天线工作频段, 继而确定开关 1 闭合、 开关 2断开, 当 B 运营商提供的工作频段是 700~800Mhz时, 虽然接地情况表中没有记录 与之完全相同 的天线工作频段, 但是有一个天线工作频段是 700~850MHz的, 可以覆盖 B运营商的工作频段, 那么就选择开关 1和 开关 2都闭合。 具体的, 不同开关开闭对应哪个天线工作频段, 可以在 天线设计和生产时由技术人员确定, 所以, 接地情况表的信息在出厂前 就已经设定, 在出厂后不需要更新, 接地情况表也可以存储在终端的存 储器内。
在本发明实施例中, 第一获取单元可以是用户输入装置, 比如触摸 屏, 第一获取单元获取目标工作频段具体包括: 根据用户在用户输入设 备的自行选择获取运营商的工作频段。 而终端获得运营商工作频段的方 法, 包括用户可以通过选择运营商, 从而根据工作频段表确定运营商提 供的工作频段。 对此, 本发明不做任何限定。
进一步的, 所述天线装置还包括第二获取单元, 所述第二获取单元 与上述控制单元电性连接, 所述第二获取单元用于获取用户的握持情况; 上述接地情况表进一步记录着所述天线的工作频段、 握持情况和接地组 合的对应关系; 所述控制单元进一步用于根据所述目标工作频段和所述 用户的握持情况调整所述天线的工作频段; 所述根据所述目标工作频段 和所述用户的握持情况调整所述天线的工作频段具体包括: 根据所述目 标工作频段和所述握持的情况在所述接地情况表中找到对应的所述天 线的工作频段, 根据所述接地情况表记录的所述天线的工作频段、 握持 和所述接地组合的对应关系, 选择所述接地组合。 其中, 第二获取单元 为用户输入装置; 所述第二获取单元获取用户的握持情况具体包括: 根 据用户在所述用户输入装置的自行选择获取握持情况; 或者, 所述第二 获取单元为传感器; 所述第二获取单元获取用户的握持情况具体包括: 所述传感器通过人手的握持判断握持的情况, 或者所述传感器通过手指 的滑动痕迹判断握持的情况。 其中, 握持情况包括左右手握持、 正反手 握持等。
下面以图 9 所示的天线作为本发明实施例中天线装置的天线为例, 该天线包括:
馈电枝节 101与馈电点 102电性连接;耦合枝节 103与馈电枝节 101 耦合,耦合枝节 103和馈电枝节 101都是左右对称的形式,耦合枝节 103 和馈电枝节 101具有同一条对称轴 (图中虚线所示) , 馈电点 102位于 耦合枝节 103和馈电枝节 101的对称轴上;耦合枝节通过两个开关 105g、 105h与接地点 104电性连接, 当一个开关闭合时, 另一个开关断开, 所 述的两个开关 105g、 105h 也设置在关于上述对称轴对称的位置。 结合 该天线, 提供了另一种天线装置的实施例
需要说明的是, 图示天线的对称方式仅是示例性的, 本领域的技术 人员能够很容易的想到对天线形式的变形。
在本发明实施例中, 馈电枝节 101、 耦合枝节 103、 以及两个开关 105g、 105h的位置都设置为关于同一条对称轴对称, 釆用这种方式获得 的天线, 比较容易用来分析左右手握持时对天线性能的影响。 具体的, 手机在设计、 调试中, 就确定了左、 右手分别握持时不同开关开闭以使 得天线效率相同或相近的情况, 例如在设计、 调试时, 发现当右手握持 时,开关 105g断开、开关 105h闭合,天线的性能是较好,就把开关 105g 断开、 开关 105h 闭合的情况对应的记录为右手握持时开关开闭组合的 情况, 而在左手握持时, 开关 105g闭合, 开关 105h断开, 天线的效率 也能达到右手握持时开关 105g断开而开关 105h闭合时的效果, 就把这 种情况对应的记录为左手握持时开关开闭组合的情况, 把上面这些信息 存储到手机的存储器中。 当用户使用时, 可以通过用户在输入装置上直 接输入左右手握持的情况, 也可以通过传感器等方式判断左右手握持的 情况, 或者通过手指的滑动痕迹判断左右手握持的情况等, 识别出用户 左右手握持后, 再根据上面提到的接地情况表记录的所述天线的工作频 段、 握持和所述接地组合的对应关系, 选择对应的接地组合。
表四
Figure imgf000017_0001
可以理解的, 本发明实施例中虽然以对称的方式举例, 但在不对称 的天线形式中, 同样可以在设计、 调试时优选出左右手握持时分别达到 相同或相近效果对应的不同开关开闭的情况, 然后把优选出的开关开闭 组合情况记录到存储器中, 在用户使用时, 根据上面提到的识别左右手 握持的方法, 从存储器中获取优选的开关开闭组合, 执行相应的操作。 结合表四, 可以进一步的说明, 比如在设计、 调试时发现当天线的工作 频段是 700~800MHz, 且右手握持时, 开关组合 1对应该工作频段的效 果较好, 而当左手握持时, 开关组合 2对应的效果较好。 则把天线的工 作频段、 左右手握持的情况、 以及对应的开关开闭情况都记录到接地情 况表中,当实际使用时,获得了运营商 B的工作频段是 700~800MHz时, 就在接地情况表中找到天线工作频段在 700~800MHz的情况, 然后判断 是左手握持还是右手握持的情况, 结合天线工作频段和左右手握持的情 况, 找到相应的开关组合。 这样, 无论用户是左手握还是右手握, 天线 就都能有较好的效率。
图 10为本发明实施例提供的一终端。
该终端包括本体 1001和天线装置 1002 ,所述天线装置 1002设置在 所述终端本体 1001 上。 所述天线装置包括上述实施例中提到的第一获 取单元、 控制单元、 天线或者第二获取单元、 存储单元等。 其中的第一 获取单元可以是用户输入装置、 控制单元可以是处理器, 第二获取单元 可以是用户输入装置、 传感器等、 存储单元可以是存储器。
当该终端为手持终端时, 为了减少头手摸影响, 该天线可位于该手 持终端的底部侧立面, 其中馈电点的位置在底部侧立面中间, 可以理解 的, 由于馈电点的位置位于侧立面底部中间, 可以有效地减少左右头手 模的影响, 使天线保持较好的工作效率。
采用本发明实施例提供的天线, 通过在耦合枝节的不同位置增加开 关, 从而改变电流在耦合枝节中的电流路径长度, 即改变天线的谐振频 率和对应的工作频段, 由于选择不同开关的情况对应着不同的工作频段, 所以天线的净空只需要满足各种开关情况下的最大净空需求即可, 而不 需要达到天线在所有工作频段都可以工作时的净空要求, 这样就可以使 天线既能多频覆盖, 又不需要增加净空。
图 1 1 为本发明的另一实施例提供一种调整天线工作频段的方法, 该方法包括: 1 101、 获取目标工作频段; 1 102、 调整天线的接地组合, 使所述天线工作频段调整到与所述目标工作频段对应。
可选的, 所述天线包括至少两个接地点, 所述至少两个接地点中的 一个接地点用于接地, 或者所述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点接地时, 其他接地点可以选择性的接地或不接地。可选的,调整天线的接地组合, 使所述天线工作频段调整到与所述目标工作频段对应具体包括: 在所述 天线所在的终端预置一张接地情况表, 所述接地情况表记录着接地组合 对应的天线的工作频段, 所述接地组合包含所述至少两个接地点接地或 不接地的组合; 根据所述目标工作频段在所述接地情况表中找到对应的 所述天线的工作频段, 根据所述接地情况表记录的接地组合对应的天线 的工作频段, 选择所述接地组合。 具体的, 所述接地组合包含所述至少 两个接地点接地或不接地的组合。
进一步的, 所述方法还包括获取用户的握持情况; 包括正手握、 反 手握、 左手握、 右手握等。 可选的, 在上述接地情况表进一步记录着天 线的工作频段、 握持情况和接地组合的对应关系; 根据所述目标工作频 段和握持情况在所述接地情况表中找到对应的所述天线的工作频段, 根 据所述接地情况表记录的所述对应关系, 选择所述接地组合。
可选的, 所述获取握持情况包括: 用户 自行选择获取握持情况, 或 者通过传感器判断握持情况, 或者通过手指的滑动痕迹判断握持情况等。
可选的, 所述获取目标工作频段包括: 用户自行选择运营商的工作 频段。
采用本发明实施例提供的方法, 通过获取天线的目标工作频段后选 择合适的接地情况, 从而使天线的工作频段调整到与所述目标工作频段 对应。 具体的通过在天线的不同位置增加开关, 从而改变电流在天线中 的电流路径长度, 即改变天线的谐振频率和对应的工作频段。 由于选择 不同接地组合对应着不同的工作频段, 所以天线的净空只需要满足各种 开关情况下的最大净空需求即可, 而不需要达到天线在所有工作频段都 可以工作时的净空要求, 这样就可以使天线既能多频覆盖, 又不需要增 加净空。
在上述实施例中, 对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重, 某个实施例中 没有详述的部分, 可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
需要说明的是, 在本文中, 诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语, 仅 仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或者操作区别开来, 而不一定 要求或者暗示这些实体或者操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。
需要说明的是, 本发明一些实施例中提到的 "单元" 是可以实现相 应功能的硬件和 /或软件的组合, 即硬件、 软件、 或者软件和硬件的组合 的实现方式都是可以被构想的。
需要说明的是, 上述电性连接方式, 既包括不同单元间处于直接的 物理接触或者电气接触的方式, 也包括不同单元间虽然没有直接的物理 接触或者电气接触, 但依然能有电信号的传输。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围并不 局限于此, 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内, 可轻易想到变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此, 本 发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims

权利 要求 书
1、 一种天线, 其特征在于, 所述天线包括:
馈电点, 馈电枝节和耦合枝节;
所述馈电枝节与所述馈电点电性连接;
所述耦合枝节与所述馈电枝节耦合;
所述耦合枝节包括至少两个接地点;
所述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点用于接地,其他接地点可选择性的 接地或不接地; 或者,
所述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点接地时,其他接地点可选择性的接 地或不接地。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的天线, 其特征在于: 所述至少两个接地点 中的一个接地点用于接地, 其他接地点可选择性的接地或不接地具体包括: 所述一个接地点直接接地,所述其他接地点通过开关可选择性的接地或不接 地。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的天线, 其特征在于: 所述至少两个接地点 中的一个接地点接地时, 其他接地点可选择性的接地或不接地具体包括: 所述一个接地点通过开关接地时,所述其他接地点可选择性的通过开关 接地或不接地。
4、 根据权利要求 1、 2或 3所述的天线, 其特征在于: 所述一个接 地点接地具体包括: 所述一个接地点在所述耦合枝节的端部接地, 所述端 部是指从这个端部出发,到达耦合枝节上最远的辐射点的电流路径长度 最长。
5、 一种天线装置, 包括天线、 第一获取单元和控制单元, 其特征 在于:
所述第一获取单元和所述控制单元电性连接;
所述控制单元和所述天线电性连接;
所述天线包括: 馈电点, 馈电枝节和耦合枝节; 所述馈电枝节与 所述馈电点电性连接; 所述耦合枝节与所述馈电枝节耦合; 所述耦合 枝节包括至少两个接地点;
所述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点用于接地, 其他接地点可选 择性的接地或不接地; 或者,
所述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点接地时, 其他接地点可选择 性的接地或不接地;
所述第一获取单元用于获取目标工作频段;
所述控制单元用于根据所述目标工作频段调整所述天线的接地组 合;
所述接地组合包括所述至少两个接地点接地或不接地的组合。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的天线装置, 其特征在于: 所述天线装置 进一步包括存储单元, 所述存储单元用于存储一张接地情况表, 所述 接地情况表记录着接地组合对应的天线的工作频段;
所述根据所述目标工作频段调整所述天线的接地组合具体包括: 根据所述目标工作频段在所述接地情况表中找到对应的所述天线的工 作频段, 根据所述接地情况表记录的所述接地组合与所述天线的工作 频段的对应关系, 选择所述接地组合。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的天线装置, 其特征在于:
所述天线装置还包括第二获取单元, 所述第二获取单元与所述控 制单元电性连接, 所述第二获取单元用于获取用户的握持情况;
所述接地情况表进一步记录着所述天线的工作频段、 握持情况和 接地组合的对应关系;
所述控制单元进一步用于根据所述目标工作频段和所述用户的握 持情况调整所述天线的接地组合;
所述根据所述目标工作频段和所述用户的握持情况调整所述天线 的接地组合具体包括:
根据所述目标工作频段和所述握持的情况在所述接地情况表中找 到对应的所述天线的工作频段, 根据所述接地情况表记录的所述天线 的工作频段、 握持情况和所述接地组合的对应关系, 选择所述接地组 合。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的天线装置, 其特征在于: 所述第二获取 单元为用户输入装置; 所述第二获取单元获取用户的握持情况具体包 括: 根据用户在所述用户输入装置的自行选择获取握持情况; 或者, 所述第二获取单元为传感器; 所述第二获取单元获取用户的握持情况 具体包括: 所述传感器通过人手的握持判断握持的情况, 或者所述传 感器通过手指的滑动痕迹判断握持的情况。
9、 根据权利要求 5-8 中任一项所述的天线装置, 其特征在于: 所 述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点用于接地,其他接地点可选择性的接地或 不接地具体包括: 所述一个接地点直接接地, 其他接地点通过开关可选择 性的接地或不接地。
10、 根据权利要求 5-8中任一项所述的天线装置, 其特征在于: 所 述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点接地时,其他接地点可选择性的接地或不 接地具体包括:
所述一个接地点通过开关接地时,其他接地点可选择性的通过开关接地 或不接地。
1 1、 根据权利要求 5-10 中任一项所述的天线装置, 其特征在于: 所述一个接地点接地具体包括: 所述一个接地点在所述耦合枝节的端部接 地, 所述端部是指从这个端部出发, 到达耦合枝节上最远的辐射点的电 流路径长度最长。
12、 根据权利要求 5〜1 1任一所述的天线装置, 其特征在于: 所述 第一获取单元为用户输入装置, 所述第一获取单元获取目标工作频段 具体包括: 根据用户在所述用户输入装置的自行选择获取运营商的工 作频段。
13、 一种终端, 其特征在于, 包括一个本体和权利要求 5~12任一 项所述的天线装置, 所述天线装置设置在所述本体上。
14、 一种调整天线工作频段的方法, 其特征在于:
获取目标工作频段;
调整天线的接地组合, 使所述天线工作频段调整到与所述目标工 作频段对应, 所述接地组合包含天线的至少两个接地点接地或不接地 的组合。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的方法, 其特征在于:
所述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点用于接地,其他接地点可选择性的 接地或不接地;
所述调整天线的接地组合, 使所述天线工作频段调整到与所述目 标工作频段对应具体包括: 在所述天线所在的终端预置一张接地情况表, 所述接地情况表记 录着接地组合对应的天线的工作频段; 根据所述目标工作频段在所述 接地情况表中找 'J对应的所述天线的工作频段, 根据所述接地情况表 记录的接地组合对应的天线的工作频段, 选择所述接地组合。
16、 根据权利要求 14所述的方法, 其特征在于:
所述至少两个接地点中的一个接地点接地时,其他接地点可选择性的接 地或不接地;
所述调整天线的接地组合, 使所述天线工作频段调整到与所述目 标工作频段对应具体包括:
在所述天线所在的终端预置一张接地情况表, 所述接地情况表记 录着接地组合对应的天线的工作频段; 根据所述目标工作频段在所述 接地情况表中找 'J对应的所述天线的工作频段, 根据所述接地情况表 记录的接地组合对应的天线的工作频段, 选择所述接地组合。
17、 根据权利要求 15或 16所述的方法, 其特征在于:
还包括获取用户的握持情况;
所述接地情况表进一步记录着天线的工作频段、 握持情况和接地 组合的对应关系; 根据所述目标工作频段和握持情况在所述接地情况 表中找到对应的所述天线的工作频段, 根据所述接地情况表记录的所 述对应关系, 选择所述接地组合。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的方法, 其特征在于:
所述获取用户的握持情况包括: 用户 自行选择握持情况, 或者传 感器通过人手的握持判断握持情况, 或者传感器通过手指的滑动痕迹 判断握持情况。
19、 根据权利要求 14 18所述的方法, 其特征在于:
所述获取目标工作频段包括: 用户 自行选择运营商的工作频段。
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