WO2015080879A1 - Appareil de fabrication de verre et procédés de fabrication de ruban de verre - Google Patents

Appareil de fabrication de verre et procédés de fabrication de ruban de verre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015080879A1
WO2015080879A1 PCT/US2014/065636 US2014065636W WO2015080879A1 WO 2015080879 A1 WO2015080879 A1 WO 2015080879A1 US 2014065636 W US2014065636 W US 2014065636W WO 2015080879 A1 WO2015080879 A1 WO 2015080879A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating
segments
plane
heat
heating element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2014/065636
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William John Furnas
Gaozhu PENG
Original Assignee
Corning Incorporated
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Corning Incorporated filed Critical Corning Incorporated
Priority to CN201480064653.4A priority Critical patent/CN105764862A/zh
Priority to KR1020167016230A priority patent/KR20160090324A/ko
Priority to JP2016532574A priority patent/JP2016537288A/ja
Publication of WO2015080879A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015080879A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B17/00—Forming molten glass by flowing-out, pushing-out, extruding or drawing downwardly or laterally from forming slits or by overflowing over lips
    • C03B17/06—Forming glass sheets
    • C03B17/064—Forming glass sheets by the overflow downdraw fusion process; Isopipes therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B17/00—Forming molten glass by flowing-out, pushing-out, extruding or drawing downwardly or laterally from forming slits or by overflowing over lips
    • C03B17/06—Forming glass sheets
    • C03B17/067—Forming glass sheets combined with thermal conditioning of the sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
    • C03B23/0086—Heating devices specially adapted for re-forming shaped glass articles in general, e.g. burners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to glass manufacturing apparatus and methods of forming a glass ribbon and, more particularly, to glass manufacturing apparatus including a heating module comprising one or more elongated resistive heating elements and methods of forming the glass ribbon with a heating module.
  • Glass sheets are commonly used, for example, in display applications, for example liquid crystal displays (LCDs), electrophoretic displays (EPD), organic light emitting diode displays (OLEDs), plasma display panels (PDPs), or the like.
  • LCDs liquid crystal displays
  • EPD electrophoretic displays
  • OLEDs organic light emitting diode displays
  • PDPs plasma display panels
  • Glass sheets are commonly fabricated by a flowing molten glass to a forming body whereby a glass ribbon may be formed by a variety of ribbon forming processes, for example, slot draw, float, down-draw, fusion down-draw, or up-draw. The glass ribbon may then be subsequently divided to provide sheet glass suitable for further processing into a desired display application.
  • a glass manufacturing apparatus configured to fabricate a glass ribbon from a quantity of molten glass.
  • the apparatus comprises a heating module configured to radiate heat along a heat direction to a target surface of the glass manufacturing apparatus and/or the glass ribbon.
  • the heating module comprises a first elongated resistive heating element comprising a plurality of parallel heating segments comprising a first set of spaced apart heating segments extending along a first heating plane and a second set of spaced apart heating segments extending along a second heating plane spaced from the first heating plane in the heat direction.
  • the heating segments are arranged in series and alternate between one of the first set of heating segments and one of the second set of heating segments, and wherein a projection in the heat direction of each of the first set of heating segments extends at least partially through a space defined between an adjacent pair of projections in the heat direction of a corresponding adjacent pair of the second set of heating segments.
  • the first heating plane and the second heating plane are geometrically similar in shape.
  • the first heating plane is parallel to the second heating plane.
  • At least one of the first heating plane and the second heating plane is flat.
  • each of the heating elements is substantially straight.
  • the elongated resistive heating element includes a plurality of connecting segments that each spans between the first heating plane and the second heating plane to connect one of the heating segments of the first set of heating segments with one of the heating segments of the second set of heating segments.
  • the projections of the heating segments provide a fill factor of 100%.
  • the elongated resistive heating element comprises molybdenum disilicide (MoSi 2 ).
  • the apparatus further comprises a second elongated resistive heating element comprising a plurality of parallel heating segments.
  • Each heating segment of the second elongated resistive heating element is positioned at least partially laterally between a corresponding pair of heating elements of the first elongated resistive heating element.
  • the plurality of parallel heating segments of the second elongated resistive heating element comprises a first set of spaced apart heating segments extending along the first heating plane and a second set of spaced apart heating segments extending along the second heating plane.
  • the first aspect may be provided alone or in combination with one or any combination of the examples of the first aspect discussed above.
  • a glass manufacturing apparatus configured to fabricate a glass ribbon from a quantity of molten glass.
  • the apparatus comprises a heating module configured to radiate heat along a heat direction to a target surface of the glass manufacturing apparatus.
  • the heating module comprises at least one elongated resistive heating element bent into a plurality of parallel heating segments connected to one another in series by a plurality of bent connecting segments.
  • the heating segments are laterally spaced from one another along a lateral direction perpendicular to the heat direction.
  • a lateral spacing between adjacent projections of the heating segments in the heat direction is less than twice a minimum bend radius of the at least one elongated resistive heating element.
  • the plurality of parallel heating segments comprises a first set of spaced apart heating segments extending along a first heating plane in the lateral direction and a second set of spaced apart heating segments extending along a second heating plane in the lateral direction, wherein the second heating plane is spaced from the first heating plane in the heat direction.
  • the heating segments alternate between one of the first set of heating segments and one of the second set of heating segments.
  • a projection in the heat direction of each of the first set of heating segments extends at least partially through a space defined between an adjacent pair of projections in the heat direction of a corresponding adjacent pair of the second set of heating segments.
  • the first heating plane is parallel to the second heating plane.
  • at least one of the first heating plane and the second heating plane is flat.
  • each of the heating elements is substantially straight.
  • the projections of the heating segments provide a fill factor of 100%.
  • the elongated resistive heating element comprises molybdenum disilicide (MoSi 2 ).
  • the at least one elongated resistive heating element comprises a plurality of elongated resistive heating elements wherein each heating segment of one of the plurality of elongated resistive heating elements is positioned at least partially laterally between a pair of heating segments of another one of the plurality of elongated resistive heating elements.
  • the second aspect may be provided alone or in combination with one or any combination of the examples of the second aspect discussed above.
  • a method of fabricating glass ribbon from a quantity of molten glass comprises the step (I) of melting batch material into a quantity of molten glass and the step (II) of forming a glass ribbon from the molten glass.
  • the method further includes the step (III) of heating at least one of the molten glass and the glass ribbon with radiation heat transfer by passing electrical current through a first elongated resistive heating element.
  • the first elongated resistive heating element comprises a plurality of parallel heating segments comprising a first set of spaced apart heating segments extending along a first heating plane and a second set of spaced apart heating segments extending along a second heating plane spaced from the first heating plane in the heat direction.
  • the heating segments are arranged in series and alternate between one of the first set of heating segments and one of the second set of heating segments.
  • a projection in the heat direction of each of the first set of heating segments extends at least partially through a space defined between an adjacent pair of projections in the heat direction of a corresponding adjacent pair of the second set of heating segments.
  • the projections of the heating segments provide a fill factor of 100%.
  • the third aspect may be provided alone or in combination with the example of the third aspect discussed above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a glass manufacturing apparatus including a forming device in accordance with one example of the disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional enlarged perspective view of the forming device along line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the forming device along line 2-2 of FIG. i;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a heating module in accordance with one example of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of the heating module along line 5-5 of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of the heating module along line 6-6 of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 schematically illustrates the heating module of FIG. 6 with a projection in a heat direction of each of a first set of heating segments extending at least partially through a space defined between an adjacent pair of projections in the heat direction of a corresponding adjacent pair of a second set of heating segments;
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a projected footprint of the first and second set of heating segments of FIG. 7 on a target surface
  • FIG. 9 is a side view of the heating module along line 9-9 of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 10 is a top perspective view of the heating module in accordance with another example of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 schematically illustrates an enlarged portion of the heating module of FIG. 10 with a projection in a heat direction of each of a first set of heating segments extending at least partially through a spaced defined between an adjacent pair of projections in the heat direction of a corresponding adjacent pair of a second set of heating segments, with the heating module comprising a fill factor of 100 %;
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a projected footprint of the first and second set of heating segments of FIG. 10 on a target surface
  • FIG. 13 is a side view of the heating module of FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a heating module in accordance with still another example of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of a glass manufacturing apparatus 101 for fusion drawing a glass ribbon 103 for subsequent processing into glass sheets.
  • the illustrated glass forming apparatus comprises a fusion draw apparatus although other fusion forming apparatus may be provided in further examples.
  • the glass manufacturing apparatus 101 can include a melting vessel 105 (e.g., melting furnace) configured to receive batch material 107 from a storage bin 109.
  • the batch material 107 can be introduced by a batch delivery device 111 powered by a motor 113.
  • An optional controller 115 can be configured to activate the motor 113 to introduce a desired amount of batch material 107 into the melting vessel 105, as indicated by an arrow 117.
  • a glass metal probe 119 can be used to measure a glass melt (e.g. molten glass) 121 level within a standpipe 123 and communicate the measured information to the controller 115 by way of a communication line 125.
  • a glass melt e.g. molten glass
  • the glass manufacturing apparatus 101 can also include a fining vessel 127, such as a fining tube, located downstream from the melting vessel 105 and fluidly coupled to the melting vessel 105 by way of a first connecting tube 129.
  • a mixing vessel 131 such as a stir chamber, can also be located downstream from the fining vessel 127 and a delivery vessel 133, such as a bowl, may be located downstream from the mixing vessel 131.
  • a second connecting tube 135 can couple the fining vessel 127 to the mixing vessel 131 and a third connecting tube 137 can couple the mixing vessel 131 to the delivery vessel 133.
  • a downcomer 139 can be positioned to deliver molten glass 121 from the delivery vessel 133 to an inlet 141 of a forming device 143.
  • the melting vessel 105, fining vessel 127, mixing vessel 131, delivery vessel 133, and forming device 143 are examples of glass melt stations that may be located in series along the glass manufacturing apparatus 101.
  • the melting vessel 105 is typically made from a refractory material, such as refractory (e.g. ceramic) brick.
  • the glass manufacturing apparatus 101 may further include components that are typically made from platinum or platinum-containing metals such as platinum-rhodium, platinum-iridium and combinations thereof, but which may also comprise such refractory metals such as molybdenum, palladium, rhenium, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, ruthenium, osmium, zirconium, and alloys thereof and/or zirconium dioxide.
  • platinum or platinum-containing metals such as platinum-rhodium, platinum-iridium and combinations thereof, but which may also comprise such refractory metals such as molybdenum, palladium, rhenium, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, ruthenium, osmium, zirconium, and alloys thereof and/or zirconium dioxide.
  • the platinum-containing components can include one or more of the first connecting tube 129, the fining vessel 127 (e.g., finer tube), the second connecting tube 135, the standpipe 123, the mixing vessel 131 (e.g., a stir chamber), the third connecting tube 137, the delivery vessel 133 (e.g., a bowl), the downcomer 139 and the inlet 141.
  • the forming device 143 is made from a ceramic material, such as the refractory, and is designed to form the glass ribbon 103.
  • the glass manufacturing apparatus 101 can further comprise one or more heating modules 151 schematically illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the heating modules 151 can be located in various positions to provide heat to a portion of the glass manufacturing apparatus 101 to indirectly heat the glass ribbon and/or positioned to directly heat the glass ribbon.
  • the heating modules 151 may comprise edge director heating modules 153a, 153b configured to heat edge directors 223 (see FIG. 2) to indirectly heat edges of the glass ribbon passing over the edge directors and/or directly heat the edges of the glass ribbon passing over the edge directors.
  • edge director heating modules 153a, 153b may be independently operated to provide desired heating at each of the edge directors.
  • a series of heating modules 155a-e may be spaced along a heating axis to directly heat the drawn glass ribbon.
  • the heating modules 155a-e may be independently operated to provide a desired heat profile along the heating axis to appropriately heat a lateral extent of the glass ribbon passing by the heating axis.
  • one or more heating modules 151 can be positioned in the vicinity of the forming device 143 for directly or indirectly projecting heat radiation to a portion of the forming device 143 and/or a glass ribbon being drawn from the forming device 143.
  • one or more heating modules 151 can be positioned in the vicinity of any glass melt stations such as melting vessel 105, fining vessel 127, mixing vessel 131, or delivery vessel 133.
  • one or more heating modules 151 can provide heat to the molten glass 121.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the glass manufacturing apparatus 101 along line 2-2 of FIG. 1.
  • the forming device 143 can include a trough 201 at least partially defined by a pair of weirs comprising a first weir 203 and a second weir 205 defining opposite sides of the trough 201.
  • the forming device 143 can further include a forming wedge 211 comprising a pair of downwardly inclined forming surface portions 213, 215 extending between opposed ends of the forming wedge 211.
  • the pair of downwardly inclined forming surface portions 213, 215 converges along a downstream direction 217 to form a root 219.
  • a draw plane 221 extends through the root 219 wherein the glass ribbon 103 may be drawn in the downstream direction 217 along the draw plane 221. As shown, the draw plane 221 can bisect the root 219 although the draw plane 221 may extend at other orientations with respect to the root 219.
  • the forming device 143 may optionally be provided with one or more edge directors 223 intersecting with at least one of the pair of downwardly inclined forming surface portions 213, 215.
  • the one or more edge directors can intersect with both downwardly inclined forming surface portions 213, 215.
  • an edge director can be positioned at each of the opposed ends of the forming wedge 211 wherein an edge of the glass ribbon 103 is formed by molten glass flowing off the edge director 223.
  • the edge director 223 can be positioned at a first opposed end 225 and a second identical edge director (not shown in FIG. 2) can be positioned at a second opposed end 227 (see 223 in FIG. 1).
  • Each edge director 223 can be configured to intersect with both of the downwardly inclined forming surface portions 213, 215.
  • Each edge director 223 can be substantially identical to one another although the edge directors may have different characteristics in further examples.
  • Various forming wedge and edge director configurations may be used in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. For example, aspects of the present disclosure may be used with forming wedges and edge director configurations disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,451,798, U.S. Patent No. 3,537,834 and/or U.S. Patent No. 7,409,839 that are each herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • the heating module 151 can comprise at least an elongated resistive heating element 251.
  • the resistive heating element 251 may be mounted to a mounting block 229 although the heating element may be mounted to other structures or may be free standing in further examples.
  • a portion of the resistive heating element 251 can be partially or entirely housed, embedded, or otherwise received by the mounting block 229 or other structure.
  • the entire resistive heating element can be housed within a cavity or embedded (e.g., encapsulated) in the mounting block to transfer heat through the mounting block in a direction toward a target area.
  • heat from the resistive heating element can pass through a heat conductive material such as silicon carbide (SiC) before radiating to the target surface.
  • SiC silicon carbide
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an example sectional view of the glass manufacturing apparatus along line 2-2 of FIG. 2, where an example location of the heating modules 151 with respect to the glass manufacturing apparatus 101 is illustrated.
  • the heating modules 151 can be positioned in the vicinity of the target surface, for example, both sides of the forming device 143 (see FIG. 2). As illustrated, each heating module 151 can be positioned such that segments 255, 257 of the resistive heating element 251 extend substantially parallel to the draw plane 221. In another instance, the heating module 151 can be positioned at an angle such that the segments 255, 257 extend substantially parallel to the respective target forming surface portions 213, 215.
  • the heating module 151 may be oriented such that the segments 255, 257 extend at an angle with respect to the target surface depending on the heating application. However, orienting substantially parallel to the target surface can facilitate even heat distribution along the entire target heating footprint of the heating module.
  • the distance between the heating module 151 and the target surface can be determined based on the desired target surface temperature, the total heating power of the heating module 151, or the like.
  • the elongated resistive heating element 251 can transfer heat energy in the form of radiation from the surface of the resistive heating element 251 toward a target to be heated by the resistive heating element 251.
  • the resistive heating element 251 can comprise Molybdenum disilicide (MoSi 2 ), Kanthal iron-chromium-aluminum (FeCrAl) alloy, Alkrothal FeCrAl alloy, NiCr-based alloy, silicon carbide (SiC), or other resistive element comprising metallic material, ceramic material or combination thereof.
  • the elongated resistive heating element 251 can comprise a first set of heating segments 255 and a second set of heating segments 257, each of which comprises a first end portion 258 and a second end portion 260 on both ends of each heating segment 255, 257.
  • the first set of heating segments 255 can be arranged in a parallel relationship with each other.
  • the first set of heating segments 255 can be spaced apart from one another such that a space is defined between an adjacent pair of heating segments of the first set of heating segments 255.
  • each heating segment of the first set of heating segments 255 can be positioned between an adjacent pair of heating segments 255 without touching the adjacent pair of heating segments and, in some examples may be parallel to one another.
  • the second set of heating segments 257 can be arranged in a parallel relationship with each other. Moreover, as shown, the second set of heating segments 257 can be spaced apart from one another such that a space is defined between an adjacent pair of heating segments of the second set of heating segments 257. As such, each heating segment of the second set of heating segments 257 can be positioned between an adjacent pair of heating segments 257 without touching the adjacent pair of heating segments and, in some examples may be parallel to one another.
  • Each heating segment of each of the first and second sets of the heating segments 255, 257 can comprise a rod with a predetermined diameter with a wide variety of shapes and sizes that may be arranged in various configurations.
  • the heating segments 255, 257 can be substantially straight, while, in another instance, a portion of the heating segments can comprise a spiral, an "S" shape, a "C” shape, a serpentine, or combination thereof.
  • the elongated resistive heating element 251 can also include a plurality of connecting segments 267 that each connect one of the first set of heating segments 255 and one of the second set of heating segments 257.
  • the connecting segments 267 may comprise a lobe, such as a bent segment defining a bend radius 269 in connecting the one of the heating segments of the first set of heating segments 255 with one of the heating segments of the second set of heating segments 257.
  • the bend radius 269 of the connecting segments 267 can be designed based on the diameter of the connecting segments 267. For instance, in some examples, the minimum bend radius 269 of the connecting segments 267 can be four to five times the diameter of the connecting segment 267.
  • the bend radius 269 of the connecting segments 267 can also be dependent on the thermo- mechanical properties of the connecting segments 267.
  • the performance of the elongated resistive heating element can be adversely deteriorated.
  • the diameter of the resistive heating element can be thinned or cut.
  • elongated resistive heating element with staggered heating segments (255, 257) that extend along respective offset heating planes (e.g., 261, 263). Arranging the elongated resistive heating element in this manner can effectively compact the heating projections of the heating segments with an increased fill factor while maintaining the bend radius at or above the minimum bend radius.
  • connecting segments 267 can be in another form.
  • the connecting segments 267 can be angled to include an acute, obtuse and/or right angle.
  • a portion of the connecting segments 267 can comprise a spiral shape, and "S" shape, or a "C” shape.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a top view of the resistive heating module 151 of FIG. 4 along line 6-6, wherein the resistive heating element 251 is mounted to the mounting block 229.
  • the first and second sets of heating segments 255, 257 can be configured to be arranged on spatially separate planes.
  • the first set of heating segments 255 can be extended along a first heating plane 261.
  • the second set of heating segments 257 can be extended along a second heating plane 263, where the second heating plane 263 can be spaced apart from the first heating plane 261 by a predetermined depth offset 265 in a heat direction 253.
  • the first and second heating planes 261, 263 can be imaginary, and geometrically similar to each other in shape.
  • the first and second heating planes 261, 263 can be configured to be flat and parallel to each other with a predetermined depth offset 265 between the first and second heating planes 261, 263.
  • the first and second heating planes can be arranged in different configurations, depending on the shape of the object to be heated.
  • at least one of the first and second heating planes can comprise a curved shape to circumferentially wrap the cylinder-shaped target to be heated.
  • at least one the first and second heating planes can be configured to be flat for conforming the shape of the flat target to be heated.
  • the first and second set of heating segments 255, 257 can be arranged in series, and can be alternately arranged between one of the first set of heating segments 255 and one of the second set of heating segments 257.
  • one of the first heating segments of the first set of heating segments 255 can be on the first heating plane 261 while an adjacent one of the second heating segment of the second set of heating segments 257 can be on the second heating plane 263.
  • each connecting segment 267 can span between the first heating plane 261 and the second heating plane 263 to connect one of the heating segments of the first set of heating segments 255 with one of the heating segments of the second set of heating segments 257.
  • an angular offset 271 can be defined as the angle between planes formed by each sets of adjacent heating segments.
  • the angular offset 271 for the heating element 251 in FIG. 6 is 90 degrees, while having other angular offsets, such as 15, 30, 45 or 60 degrees or any angle between zero and 180 degree, are also possible, depending on the configuration of the heating segments on the first and second heating planes.
  • the resistive heating element can comprise one angular offset, in another instance, for example, for a target with a complicated surface topography, the resistive heating element can have a plurality different angular offsets for conforming to the surface topography of the target.
  • a fill factor can be one of the parameters in determining the total amount of heat projected by the resistive heating element on the target.
  • the fill factor can be defined by a ratio of the surface area of the heating segments seen by the target surface to the total footprint of the resistive heating element, where the total footprint of the resistive heating element comprises both the footprint of the resistive heating element itself and any gaps between adjacent heating segments.
  • the gaps denote the area where heat is not directly provided by any of heating segments, and therefore do not contribute to the temperature increase of the target surface. Therefore it can be understood that the intensity and correspondingly total amount of heat projected to the unit target surface area is typically in a proportional relationship with the fill factor.
  • the fill factor can typically be less than 20%. This limited fill factor for the planar heating element can be ascribed to the gaps or openings formed between adjacent heating segments.
  • the high fill factor can be accomplished by controlling the angular offset of the resistive heating element. That said, by controlling the angular offset, the projections of the heating segments on the unit target surface area can be controlled.
  • FIG. 7 schematically illustrates the projection of heat from each heating segment of the heating module 151 of FIG. 4 onto the surface 275 of the target 273 in the heat direction 253, where the resistive heating element 251 comprises 90 degree angular offset.
  • the first projections 277 from the first set of heating segments 255 are illustrated with dotted lines, and the second projections 279 from the second set of heating segments 257 are illustrated with solid lines.
  • the fill factor of the resistive heating element in FIG. 7 can be approximately 40 %, which is approximately twice the typical planar heating element with angular offset of 180 degree.
  • the increased fill factor is due to the reduced gaps 281 between the projections of adjacent heating segments 277, 279, and correspondingly the increased number of heating segments viewed from the target 273 in the heat direction 253. It is clear that the resistive heating element 251 with the angular offset of non-180 degrees can provide the unit area of the target surface 275 with a greater amount of heat, compared to the planar heating element with the angular offset of 180 degrees. [0065] The increased projection of heating segments for the heating element with non-180 degrees angular offset can be alternately described in the following way.
  • the gap between adjacent projections of the heating segments can be at least twice the minimum bend radius of the connecting segment of the heating element.
  • the gap 281 between adjacent projections of the heating segments can be less than twice the minimum bend radius 269 of the connecting segment of the resistive heating segment.
  • the gaps between adjacent heating segments can be less than twice the minimum bend radius when viewed in the heat direction.
  • FIG. 8 The effect of an increased fill factor of the heating module 151 can further be illustrated in FIG. 8, where the projection of heat from the resistive heating element of FIG. 7 on the target surface 275 is schematically illustrated. Similar to FIG. 7, the first heat projections 277 from the first set of the heating segments 255 are illustrated with dotted rectangles, and the second heat projections 279 from the second set of the heating segments 257 are illustrated with solid rectangles. The first projections 277 from the first set of the heating segments 255 pass the gaps 281 formed by adjacent second projections 279 from the second set of heating segments 257. Similarly, the second projections 279 from the second set of the heating segments 257 pass the gaps 281 formed by adjacent first projections 277 from the first set of heating segments 255.
  • the first and second projections denote the area where heat is directly transferred by the first and second heating segments.
  • the heating segments with non-180 degree angular offset can increase the number of heating segments viewed from the unit area of the target surface such that the heating segments with the non-180 degree angular offset can achieve a higher fill factor than a fill factor that can be achieved with heating segments with 180 degree angular offset with the same minimum bend radius.
  • the fill factor is an important parameter in the elongated resistive heating element
  • the depth offset can also be considered in designing the elongated resistive heating element. As shown in FIG. 9, the depth offset 265 can be defined as a distance between the first heating plane 261 and the second heating plane 263.
  • the intensity of heat emanating from the heating segments on the first and the second heating planes 261, 263 can be different as it is known that the heat intensity can be inversely proportional to the distance between the heating segment and the target to be heated accordin to a following equation:
  • the resistive heating element comprising a plurality of heating segments
  • the distance is the distance between the target surface and the heating segments
  • the total length of the resistive heating element 251 for heating the target can be longer than that of the planar heating element, due to the spanning of the heating segments of the resistive heating element 251 on the first and second heating plane 261, 263.
  • the total length of the resistive heating element 251 in FIG. 4 is approximately 41 % longer than that of the planar heating element with the angular offset of 180 degree for covering the identical footprint on the target surface.
  • the longer resistive heating element can imply higher material cost
  • the use of the longer resistive heating element can eventually be advantageous for operating the resistive heating element in a stable operating condition in that the longer resistive heating element can be operational under low heating power per unit length of the resistive heating element, which can be described in detail in the following example.
  • the input current to the resistive heating element can create heating effect due to the resistance of the resistive heating element according to an equation below:
  • R is the resistance of the resistive heating element, where R is typically in a proportional relationship with the length of the resistive heating element. I is the current flowing through the resistive heating element. As R is typically proportional to the length of the resistive heating element, increasing the length of the resistive heating element increases the total heating power from the resistive heating element for the same amount of current input.
  • the 10 inch long heating element would need the heating power per unit length of 10 watts per inch, while the 100 inch long heating element would need the heating power per unit length of only 1 watt per inch.
  • the heating power can be more evenly dissipated along 100 inch long heating element toward the target to be heated, than along 10 inch long heating element. Therefore, the actual surface temperature of the 100 inch- long heating element can be significantly lower compared to that of 10 inch- long heating element, which can be advantageous in increasing the lifetime of the heating element as well as providing higher total heating power to the target.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a side view of the heating module 151 of FIG. 4, where it is shown that the first and second heating planes 261, 263 are arranged in parallel to each other, with the depth offset 265.
  • first and second heating planes 261, 263 are not the same distance from the target 275, it can be understood that the heat intensity from the first and second heating planes 261, 263 can be configured to be substantially similar to each other when the depth offset 265 is small compared to the distance that the heating planes 261, 263 are spaced from the target 275.
  • the elongated resistive heating element can be formed from a plurality of heating segments and connecting segments. For instance, welding step can be employed for operably connecting the heating segments with the connecting segments to form the elongated resistive heating element.
  • the elongated resistive heating element can comprise one piece.
  • the elongated resistive heating element can be controllably bent or wound as designed to comprise a plurality of heating segments and connecting segments.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a top perspective view of the heating module 151 in accordance with a second embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the resistive heating element 351 in FIG. 10 can comprise a first set of heating segments 355 on a first heating plane 361, and a second set of the heating segments 357 on a second heating plane 363.
  • the angular offset 371 of the resistive heating element 351 is approximately 45 degrees, which is far smaller than that for the resistive heating element 251 in FIG. 4. Smaller angular offset of the resistive heating element 351 in FIG. 10 can decrease spacings between projections from adjacent heating segments 355, 357, increase the number of heating segments 355, 357 in the heat direction 253, and correspondingly increase the fill factor of the resistive heating element 351.
  • the projection of heat in the heat direction 253 from each heating segment of the heating module in FIG. 10 is illustrated in FIG. 11.
  • the projections 377 from the first heating segments 355 are illustrated with dotted lines, and the projections 379 from the second heating segments 357 are illustrated with solid lines.
  • the fill factor of the resistive heating element 351 is 100 %.
  • the fill factor of 100 % suggests that the heating element can provide the highest amount of heat to the target surface 275.
  • the heating segments can be arranged without any openings or gaps between adjacent heating segments when viewed from the target. No gaps or openings are observed between the heating segments 355, 357 as seen by the target surface 275. As such, all target surface area can be provided with heat from the resistive heating element 351.
  • the amount of heat transferred from the resistive heating element 351 with the fill factor of 100 % can transfer the maximum amount of heat to the target surface 275.
  • the resistive heating element 351 with 100 % fill factor can be especially advantageous in providing the maximum amount of heat to the heating element arranged in the space with limited space availability.
  • the footprints of the heat projection 377, 379 from both the first and second sets of heating segments 355, 357 are further schematically illustrated in FIG. 12.
  • the projections 377 from the first heating segments 355 are illustrated with dotted rectangles, and the projections 379 from the second heating segments 357 passing through the adjacent first heating segments 355 are illustrated with solid rectangles.
  • the projections from the first and second sets of heating segments 355, 357 are not necessarily in the form of the rectangles, rather illustrated for schematically representing the projections on the target surface 275.
  • the fill factor of the resistive heating element 351 is 100 %, the outer boundaries of the solid and dotted projections are overlapped to each other, with no gap or opening present between the adjacent projections 377, 379. As such, the maximum amount of heat can be transferred to the target surface 275.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a side view of the resistive heating element 351 of FIG. 10.
  • the first and second heating planes 361, 363 are arranged in parallel to each other, with the predetermined depth offset 365.
  • the total length of the resistive heating element 351 can be approximately 6.6 times longer than that of the planar heating element that cover the identical footprint on the target surface. Therefore, it can be clear that the resistive heating element 351 can provide further higher total heating power compared to those illustrated in FIG. 4. It can be appreciated that the resistive heating element 351 can be used in conjunction with one or more edge directors in the glass forming device in compensating for any heat loss during the glass forming process and to prevent the molten glass or glass ribbon from devitrifying, which can necessitate the local heating capability.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a perspective view of the heating module 151 in accordance with a third embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the heating module 151 comprises first and second elongated resistive heating elements 452, 453.
  • the angular offset for both of the first and second elongated resistive heating elements 452, 453 can comprise 90 degree, which is identical to the elongated resistive heating element 251 illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the first and second elongated resistive heating elements 452, 453 can be configured to operate independently from each other, or collectively. For instance, an electrical current can be configured to pass through only one of the first and second elongated resistive heating elements 452, 453 for projecting heat to the target surface 275 while the other is non- operational.
  • the electrical current can pass through both the first and second elongated resistive heating elements 452, 453 for heat generation.
  • At least one of the first and second resistive heating elements can comprise molybdenum disilicide (MoSi 2 ), Kanthal iron-chromium-aluminum (FeCrAl) alloy, Alkrothal FeCrAl alloy, NiCr-based alloy, silicon carbide (SiC), or other resistive element comprising metallic material, ceramic material or combination thereof.
  • Each of first and second elongated resistive heating elements 452, 453 comprise a plurality of parallel first set of the heating segments 454 and second set of heating segments 455, connected to each other in series by a plurality of connecting segments 467, respectively. As illustrated, each heating segment of the second elongated resistive heating element 453 can be positioned at least partially laterally between a corresponding pair of heating segments of the first elongated resistive heating element 452.
  • the second elongated resistive heating element 453 can be interweaved with the first elongated resistive heating element 452 such that the first set of the heating segments 454 of the first and second elongated resistive heating elements 452, 453 are on the first heating plane 461, and the second set of the heating segments 455 of the first and second elongated resistive heating elements 452, 453 are on the second heating plane 463.
  • the heating module 151 in FIG. 14 comprises the first and second elongated resistive heating elements 452, 453, the heating module 151 can comprise more than two elongated resistive heating elements.
  • the resistive heating element can comprise three, four or more elongated resistive heating elements, as long as the gap between adjacent heating segments of the resistive heating element can at least partially laterally accommodate a plurality of heating segments of heating segments of adjacent resistive heating element.
  • FIG. 15 is a top view of the heating module 151 comprising the first and second resistive heating elements 452, 453 of FIG. 14, where the projection of heat on a target surface 275 by the first and second resistive heating elements 452, 453 is illustrated.
  • the projections 477 from the first heating segments 454 are illustrated with dotted lines, and the projections 479 from the second heating segments 455 are illustrated with solid lines.
  • the fill factor of the first and second resistive heating element 452, 453 is 50 %, which is higher than the resistive heating element 251 of FIG. 4. Therefore it can be understood that the fill factor of the resistive heating segment can be controlled by modifying the angular offset of the heating segment and/or by adding additional heating segment.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates a side view of the heating module 151 of FIG. 14.
  • the first and second heating planes 461, 463 with a depth offset 465 are arranged in parallel to each other, while it is understood that, in another instance, at least a portion of the heating planes can be curved for heating the target with non-flat surface topography.
  • the heating module 151 comprising the first and second resistive heating elements 452, 453 can be advantageous in projecting high amount of total heating power.
  • the maximum total heating power of the heating module 151 can be double the heating power of the resistive heating element 251 comprising one elongated resistive heating element in FIG. 4. Therefore, the resistive heating element comprising a plurality of heating elements can be especially advantageous in locally providing a great quantity of heat to the molten glass or a portion of the glass manufacturing apparatus.
  • more than two heating elements can be used in forming the heating module.
  • the resistive heating element can comprise more than two heating elements so as to increase the total amount of heat projection to the target surface.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un appareil de fabrication de verre comprenant un module de chauffage conçu pour rayonner de la chaleur le long d'une direction de chauffage vers une surface cible. Le module de chauffage comprend un premier élément de chauffage ohmique allongé comprenant une pluralité de segments de chauffage parallèles comprenant un premier ensemble de segments de chauffage à distance les uns des autres s'étendant le long d'un premier plan de chauffage et un second ensemble de segments de chauffage à distance les uns des autres s'étendant le long d'un second plan de chauffage à distance du premier plan de chauffage dans la direction de la chaleur. Dans un autre exemple, l'invention porte sur un procédé de fabrication de ruban de verre à partir d'une certaine quantité de verre fondu, comprenant les étapes consistant à faire fondre les matières premières en une certaine quantité de verre fondu, former un ruban de verre à partir du verre fondu et chauffer le verre fondu et/ou le ruban de verre par transfert de chaleur par rayonnement par circulation de courant électrique dans un premier élément de chauffage ohmique allongé.
PCT/US2014/065636 2013-11-26 2014-11-14 Appareil de fabrication de verre et procédés de fabrication de ruban de verre WO2015080879A1 (fr)

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CN201480064653.4A CN105764862A (zh) 2013-11-26 2014-11-14 制造玻璃带的玻璃制造设备和方法
KR1020167016230A KR20160090324A (ko) 2013-11-26 2014-11-14 유리 제조 장치 및 유리 리본 제조 방법
JP2016532574A JP2016537288A (ja) 2013-11-26 2014-11-14 ガラスリボンを製造するガラス製造装置および方法

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US61/909,015 2013-11-26

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WO2017087183A3 (fr) * 2015-11-18 2017-07-06 Corning Incorporated Procédés et appareils de formation de rubans de verre
WO2018200237A1 (fr) * 2017-04-24 2018-11-01 Corning Incorporated Appareil de fusion-étirage et procédé de fabrication d'un ruban de verre
DE102018111543A1 (de) 2017-05-22 2018-11-22 Schott Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Dickenkontrolle eines Materialbands
WO2020055635A1 (fr) * 2018-09-14 2020-03-19 Corning Incorporated Appareil de fabrication de verre et procédés d'utilisation de celui-ci

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US20090314032A1 (en) * 2006-10-24 2009-12-24 Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd Glass ribbon producing apparatus and process for producing the same
KR20100124197A (ko) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-26 코닝 인코포레이티드 스트레스 콘트롤 존
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JP2021169407A (ja) * 2015-11-18 2021-10-28 コーニング インコーポレイテッド ガラスリボン形成方法および装置
KR102633704B1 (ko) 2015-11-18 2024-02-05 코닝 인코포레이티드 유리 리본 성형 장치 및 방법
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WO2017087183A3 (fr) * 2015-11-18 2017-07-06 Corning Incorporated Procédés et appareils de formation de rubans de verre
CN108349770A (zh) * 2015-11-18 2018-07-31 康宁股份有限公司 用于形成玻璃带的方法和设备
JP2018534231A (ja) * 2015-11-18 2018-11-22 コーニング インコーポレイテッド ガラスリボン形成方法および装置
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JP2017114711A (ja) * 2015-12-22 2017-06-29 日本電気硝子株式会社 板ガラス製造装置及び板ガラス製造方法
WO2018200237A1 (fr) * 2017-04-24 2018-11-01 Corning Incorporated Appareil de fusion-étirage et procédé de fabrication d'un ruban de verre
US11554975B2 (en) 2017-04-24 2023-01-17 Corning Incorporated Fusion draw apparatus and methods of making a glass ribbon
KR102526393B1 (ko) 2017-04-24 2023-04-28 코닝 인코포레이티드 융합 인발 장치 및 유리 리본의 제조 방법
KR20190135056A (ko) * 2017-04-24 2019-12-05 코닝 인코포레이티드 융합 인발 장치 및 유리 리본의 제조 방법
DE102018111543A1 (de) 2017-05-22 2018-11-22 Schott Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Dickenkontrolle eines Materialbands
WO2020055635A1 (fr) * 2018-09-14 2020-03-19 Corning Incorporated Appareil de fabrication de verre et procédés d'utilisation de celui-ci

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TW201522254A (zh) 2015-06-16
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KR20160090324A (ko) 2016-07-29

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