WO2015075798A1 - 元素の分離方法及び分離システム - Google Patents
元素の分離方法及び分離システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015075798A1 WO2015075798A1 PCT/JP2013/081387 JP2013081387W WO2015075798A1 WO 2015075798 A1 WO2015075798 A1 WO 2015075798A1 JP 2013081387 W JP2013081387 W JP 2013081387W WO 2015075798 A1 WO2015075798 A1 WO 2015075798A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/30—Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C22B34/32—Obtaining chromium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J41/00—Anion exchange; Use of material as anion exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the anion exchange properties
- B01J41/04—Processes using organic exchangers
- B01J41/05—Processes using organic exchangers in the strongly basic form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/42—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by ion-exchange extraction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/20—Obtaining niobium, tantalum or vanadium
- C22B34/22—Obtaining vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B47/00—Obtaining manganese
- C22B47/0018—Treating ocean floor nodules
- C22B47/0045—Treating ocean floor nodules by wet processes
- C22B47/0081—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B60/00—Obtaining metals of atomic number 87 or higher, i.e. radioactive metals
- C22B60/02—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides
- C22B60/0204—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium
- C22B60/0217—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes
- C22B60/0252—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes treatment or purification of solutions or of liquors or of slurries
- C22B60/0265—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes treatment or purification of solutions or of liquors or of slurries extraction by solid resins
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an element separation method and an element separation system using an ion adsorbent.
- Separation and recovery methods using ion adsorbers are widely used in precious metal recovery, nuclear fuel recovery and wastewater treatment.
- ion adsorbers inorganic adsorbers such as inorganic adsorptive zeolite, porous silica and porous carbon, negative ion exchange resins, positive ion exchange resins, chelate resins, chelates, aggregates and the like are known.
- ions containing a target element which is an element to be recovered from the solution, are adsorbed to the adsorbent and separated. At this time, if an impurity element is contained in the solution in addition to the target element, the impurity element is adsorbed onto the ion adsorbent in the same manner as the target element, and the separation performance is lowered.
- Patent Document 1 in order to separate the platinum group element which is the target element and other impurity ions, the platinum group element is changed by changing the oxidation-reduction potential of the chloride solution containing the platinum group element and containing the impurity element. It is selectively adsorbed to the ion exchange resin.
- the redox potential of a chloride solution containing a platinum group element is changed by the addition of an oxidizing agent. The redox potential of the solution renders all the platinum group elements tetravalent which is easy to be chloro complexed. Since the chloro complex has high adsorption selectivity to the ion exchange resin, the platinum group element can be selectively adsorbed.
- Patent Document 2 a solution containing uranium, which is a target element, and other impurity elements is reduced, and uranium is brought into contact with a negative ion exchanger as a negative ion nitrate complex.
- Patent Document 1 the valence number of the target element is changed to promote formation of a complex ion containing the target element.
- the polarity of the charge of the complex ion containing the target element is the same before and after changing the valence of the target element. Therefore, even if there is a difference in adsorption selectivity, ions having the same polarity are adsorbed to the ion adsorbent. Therefore, when the concentration of the impurity element is high, there is a concern that the separation performance of the target element may be reduced, and the amount of medicine and drainage may be increased.
- the present invention provides an element separation method and an element separation system capable of reducing the amount of drainage while maintaining the separation performance of the target element.
- the element separation method of the present invention comprises: (1) adjusting the redox potential of the solution containing the target element to a potential capable of converting the polarity of only the chemical species containing the target element; And (2) introducing the solution after the adjustment of the redox potential into the ion adsorbent, and only one of the chemical species containing the target element whose polarity has been converted and the chemical species of the impurity element in the solution. And D. a second step of selectively adsorbing the ion adsorber to the ion adsorbent, and separating the target element from the solution.
- the element separation system of the present invention (1) introduces a solution containing a target element, and adjusts a redox potential of the solution so as to convert the polarity of only the chemical species containing the target element. And (2) introducing a solution containing a chemical species containing the target element after polarity conversion, and selectively selecting only one of the chemical species containing the target element whose polarity has been converted and impurities in the solution. And an ion adsorbing device for adsorbing the ions.
- an element separation method and an element separation system capable of reducing the amount of drainage while maintaining the separation performance of the target element.
- FIG. 1 It is a whole schematic block diagram of the element separation system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the process flow by the element separation system shown in FIG. It is a block diagram of the oxidation reduction potential adjustment apparatus shown in FIG. It is another block diagram of the oxidation reduction potential adjustment apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the change of the absorption spectrum at the time of the redox potential adjustment which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the change of the adsorption selectivity in the Example of this invention, and a comparative example. It is a figure which shows the model compound of the ion exchange resin used in Example 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of the adsorption selectivity of each chemical species with respect to the model compound shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows an overall schematic configuration of an element separation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the element separation system includes a pH adjustment tank 100, an oxidation reduction potential adjustment device 101, an ion exchange resin tower 102 functioning as an ion adsorber, a target element recovery device 103 for recovering a target element, and an eluent supplied to the ion exchange resin tower 102.
- an impurity element recovery tank 105 for recovering the impurity element by recovering the eluent containing the impurity element flowing out of the ion exchange resin column 102 by the supplied eluent.
- the element separation system of the present invention has various uses such as phosphorus (P) contained in domestic wastewater, uranium (U) contained in spent nuclear fuel, and catalyst material vanadium (V) contained in spent catalyst. It is applicable to the system which separates the target element from the processing object according to The present invention can be applied to separation of a target element and an impurity element which is another element, such as in the case of removing a specific element from an object to be treated or in the case of separating and recovering a specific element from an object of treatment.
- the target element is described as M A and the impurity element is described as M B.
- the pH adjustment tank 100 is provided in order to change the polarity of a part of the chemical species of the transition metal or semimetal element contained in the object to be treated together with the redox potential adjustment device 101 described later.
- Redox potential control device as shown in FIG. 3, the redox potential adjustment device 101, negative electrode chamber 11 for introducing the aqueous solution of the desired element containing M A and impurity element M B than the injection port 7, noted,
- the target element M A is vanadium (V)
- the impurity element M B is tungsten (W).
- the injection port 8 for example, between the positive electrode chamber 12 for introducing sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, the negative electrode chamber 11 and the positive electrode chamber, the mesh electrode 14 on the negative electrode chamber 11 side and the positive electrode chamber 12 side
- the plate-like electrodes 15 are disposed on the same, and these are fixed by a fixing tool such as a bolt 19.
- a magnet-type stirring element 16 is provided in the negative electrode chamber 11 and a magnet-type stirring element 17 is provided in the positive electrode chamber 12, and the negative electrode is driven to rotate at a desired rotational speed by the stirrer 18.
- the aqueous solution and the sodium chloride solution containing the target element M A and the impurity element M B introduced into the chamber 11 and the positive electrode chamber 12 are stirred.
- the adjusted redox potential is adjusted such that the polarity of the chemical species containing the target element M A is converted, and the polarity of the chemical species containing the impurity element M B is not converted. That is, in the oxidation-reduction potential regulator 101 functions to convert only the polarity of the chemical species containing the target element M A.
- conversion of polarity of chemical species means change of positive / negative polarity, change from zero valent to positive charge or change from zero valent to negative charge.
- the ion exchange resin column 102 includes a column packed with an ion exchange resin inside, and the solution after adjustment by the redox potential adjusting device 101 flows from the upper or lower part thereof, whereby ions present in the solution are detected. Among them, desired ions are selectively adsorbed to the ion exchange resin.
- the ion exchange resin one having a characteristic of releasing its own positive ion and adsorbing the positive ion present in the solution at an adsorption site (positive ion exchanger), releasing its own negative ion Those that have the property of adsorbing negative ions present in solution (negative ion exchangers), those that selectively adsorb specific ions by coordination bond, positive ion adsorption sites and negative ion adsorption sites, and neutral salts The thing which adsorbs, etc. are used.
- ions are selectively adsorbed by coordination bonds
- electrons are given to orbitals present in the ions to which unpaired electrons of elements at the adsorption site are adsorbed to form bonds.
- the ion exchange resin a positive ion exchange resin, a negative ion exchange resin, a chelate resin, a chelate, an aggregating material and the like are used.
- the ion-exchange resin tower 102 is introduced a solution polarity of only species has been changed, including the desired element M A by a redox potential control device 101 as described above, a chemical containing an impurity element M B polarity is not changed Only species are adsorbed to the ion exchange resin.
- Object element recovery device 103 recovers the target element M A by recovering the solution where the chemical species dissolved containing the target element M A polarity flowing out of the ion exchange resin column 102 is changed.
- Eluent tank 104 the chemical species containing the impurity element M B which is selectively adsorbed to the ion exchange resin of the ion exchange resin tower 102, stores the eluent to separate from the ion exchange resin.
- Impurity element collection tank 105 the eluent supplied to the ion-exchange resin tower 102 from the eluent reservoir 104, a chemical species containing an impurity element M B which is selectively adsorbed to the ion exchange resin is separated from the ion-exchange resin by recovering the effluent to the eluent, to recover the impurity element M B.
- the eluent for storing the eluent liquid tank 104 by the structure and has a property to elute from the ion exchange resin chemical species containing the desired element M A, supplying an eluent to the ion-exchange resin tower 102, the purpose The element M A is recovered.
- the chemical species containing the target element M A has a negative polarity charge
- the chemical species containing the impurity element M B has a negative charge.
- the voltage applied to the mesh electrode 14 disposed on the negative electrode chamber 11 side and the plate electrode 15 disposed on the positive electrode chamber 12 in the oxidation potential adjustment device 101 shown in FIG. 3 is adjusted.
- the chemical species M AOx ⁇ containing the target element M A is converted to a chemical species M ARED + in a reduced state having a positive polarity charge.
- the polarity of the chemical species containing tungsten as the impurity element is not converted as it is the oxo anion WO 4 2- . Thus, only the polarity of the chemical species containing the target element M A is converted.
- the polarity of the chemical species containing the target element M A is configured to adjust the oxidation-reduction potential so as not to be converted May be
- Non-Patent Document 1 it is assumed that polarity is converted from negative to positive.
- H 2 VO 4 - to VO + , MnO 4 2- to MnOH + , CrO 4 2- to CrO + and the like are shown.
- the species likewise polarity is converted, for example, H 7 O 13 U 3 - from UO 2 +, TcO 4 - from TcO (OH) 2 0, HSe from H 2 SeO 3 0 -, H 2 AsO 4 - to HAsO 2 and the like can be mentioned.
- the purpose element M A vanadium (V), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), in case of separating the uranium (U) is the conversion of the polarity redox potential adjusted from negative to positive Be done.
- the purpose element M A technetium (Tc), when the separation of selenium (Se), arsenic (As), the conversion of the polarity is converted by a redox potential adjusted to zero valence from a negative charge.
- the conversion of polarity of chemical species in the present invention is defined as the change of positive / negative polarity, the change from zero valent to the positive charge or the change from zero valent to the negative charge.
- uranium Not only (U), but also long-lived fission products (FP: Fission Product) technetium (Tc) or iodine (I), and further, long-lived radioactive elements Neptunium (Np), americium (Am), curium Minor actinides (MA) such as (Cm) can be selectively adsorbed and separated.
- the impurity element M B is species M BOX - are kept in.
- the ion exchange membrane 13 is disposed between the mesh electrode 14 and the plate electrode 15 in the redox potential adjusting device 101 shown in FIG.
- a semipermeable membrane may be provided instead of the ion exchange membrane 13 between the mesh electrode 14 and the plate electrode 15.
- the redox potential adjusted in the step 2 is obtained, the chemical species M BOX species M ared + and impurity elements that are not polarity conversion object element polarity is converted - Ion exchange resin tower 102 of a solution containing To introduce.
- an ion-exchange resin of the ion exchange resin tower 102 for example, by using a negative ion exchanger, species M BOX including the impurity element from a solution flowing through the ion-exchange resin tower 102 - only adsorbed purpose
- the chemical species M ARED + containing an element flows out of the ion exchange resin column 102 without being adsorbed to the ion exchange resin.
- R represents an ion exchange resin.
- the polarity of the chemical species is oxoanion H 3 V 2 O 7 in the oxidation-reduction potential adjustment step.
- - species containing vanadium is an object element that is converted into oxo cations VO + from the flowing out of the ion exchange resin column 102 without being adsorbed to the ion exchange resin.
- chemical species containing tungsten which is an impurity element whose polarity of chemical species is not converted as it is the oxo anion WO 4 2- , is adsorbed to the ion exchange resin which is a negative ion exchanger.
- a positive ion exchanger is used as an ion exchange resin
- chemical species containing vanadium which is a target element converted to oxo cation VO + can be adsorbed to the ion exchange resin.
- chemical species containing tungsten, which is an impurity element which is not converted as it is the oxo anion WO 4 2- flows out from the ion exchange resin column 102 without being adsorbed to the ion exchange resin.
- the eluent stored in the eluent tank 104 is supplied to the ion exchange resin column 102 by a pump (not shown), and the chemical species M BOX containing the impurity element adsorbed on the ion exchange resin - it is eluted is collected in the impurity elements collection tank 105.
- the target element M A is vanadium (V) and the impurity element M B is tungsten (W)
- an aqueous solution of ammonium chloride (NH 4 CL) may be used as an eluent.
- the ammonium chloride aqueous solution is supplied to the ion exchange resin column 102 from a pump (not shown) to elute the oxoanion WO 4 2- adsorbed on the in-exchange resin from the ion exchange resin, and tungsten is added as a solid salt by drug addition. It can be recovered.
- FIG. 4 shows another configuration example of the redox potential adjusting device shown in FIG.
- the same components as in FIG. 3 are assigned the same reference numerals.
- the redox potential adjusting device 101 shown in FIG. 4 differs from the redox potential adjusting device shown in FIG. 3 in that the ion exchange resin 10 is filled in the negative electrode chamber 11.
- the target element from the injection port 7 is an aqueous solution containing M A and impurity element M B is introduced into the negative electrode chamber 11.
- the target element M A is vanadium (V) and the impurity element M B is tungsten (W), as described above, the oxoanion H 3 V 2 O 7 ⁇ which is a chemical species containing vanadium, tungsten
- An aqueous solution in which the oxoanion WO 4 2- which is a chemical species to be dissolved is introduced into the negative electrode chamber 11.
- the sodium chloride aqueous solution introduced into the positive electrode chamber 12 from the injection port 8 is stirred by the stirrer 17 at a predetermined stirring speed as in FIG.
- stirrer 16 shown in FIG. 3 is not provided in the negative electrode chamber 11, chemical species of the target element and the impurity element in the negative electrode chamber 11 through the mesh electrode 14 and the plate electrode 15 respectively.
- a potential is applied to the aqueous solution containing sodium chloride and the aqueous sodium chloride solution in the positive electrode chamber 12, and the potential is adjusted.
- an ion exchange resin 10 which is a negative ion exchanger, is filled.
- the ion exchange resin 10 releases its own negative ions into the solution in the negative electrode chamber 11, and adsorbs the negative ions present in the solution. That is, the oxo anion WO 4 2- in the aqueous solution is adsorbed to the ion exchange resin 10, and the oxo cation VO + of the chemical species containing vanadium is dissolved in the solution without being adsorbed to the ion exchange resin 10.
- the conversion of the polarity of the chemical species containing vanadium and the adsorption of the chemical species containing tungsten on the ion exchange resin 10 are performed in the negative electrode chamber 11.
- the ion exchange resin tower 102 can be eliminated.
- the species M BOX including an impurity element which polarity is not converted - but only has a structure for adsorbing the ion exchange resin is not limited to this, the polarity conversion It may be configured to adsorb only the designated species M ARED + .
- a positive ion exchanger may be used as the ion exchange resin in the ion exchange resin column 102.
- the oxidation-reduction potential adjusting step 2 a case has been described of adjusting the redox potential to convert the polarity of the chemical species containing the target element M A as an example, not limited to this, the chemical containing an impurity element M B It may be configured to convert the polarity of the species.
- the target element M A is vanadium (V) and the impurity element M B is tungsten (W) will be described as an example.
- a vanadium (V) -tungsten (W) mixture was prepared, and the pH of the mixture was adjusted to 7.
- an aqueous sodium chloride solution introduced into the positive electrode chamber 12 via the injection port 8 is 10 wt. % Mixed solution is adjusted to pH 7 and introduced into the negative electrode chamber 11 through the injection port 7 and the redox potential of the solution is changed by the mesh electrode 14 and the plate electrode 15 in the mixed solution
- the vanadium containing species was changed from the oxo anion H 3 V 2 O 7 ⁇ to the oxo cation VO + .
- the experimental conditions and results are described below.
- Nafion registered trademark of DuPont
- the rotary stirring by the stirrers 16 and 17 and the stirrer 18 which were installed in. The voltage was applied at 1 V for 30 minutes.
- the vanadium-tungsten mixed solution after 0 minutes, 15 minutes, and 30 minutes of voltage application was taken out from the negative electrode chamber 11, diluted 10-fold with water, and the absorbance was measured.
- the measured absorbance spectrum is shown in FIG.
- the very gradual absorption peak seen at a wavelength of 800 nm increased with time, indicating that some species of vanadium in the mixture had changed.
- the ICP-AES apparatus used SPS3500DD made by SII Nanotechnology.
- FIG. 6 shows the concentrations of vanadium and tungsten in the solution after separation of the ion exchange resin in the case of adsorption treatment after voltage application as the present example and in the case of adsorption without voltage application as the comparative example.
- the concentration of vanadium in the mixture is 4800 ppm, and the concentration of tungsten is 4600 ppm.
- the concentration of vanadium contained in the solution subjected to adsorption treatment after voltage application which is the present example, was 1400 ppm
- the concentration of tungsten was 560 ppm
- the concentration of vanadium in the comparative example was 450 ppm
- the concentration of tungsten was 310 ppm. Therefore, in the comparative example, the adsorption rate of tungsten is 91%
- the adsorption rate of vanadium is 93%
- the adsorption rates of vanadium and tungsten are both about 90%, and the adsorption selectivity is not observed.
- the adsorption rate of vanadium is 71%
- the adsorption rate of tungsten is 88%
- only the adsorption rate of vanadium shows a low value, and it has been confirmed to have an adsorption selectivity. Therefore, it was proved that it is possible to reduce the adsorption rate of vanadium by applying a voltage.
- the polarity of the chemical species containing vanadium, which is the target element is converted from the oxoanion H 3 V 2 O 7 - to the oxo cation VO + by adjusting the redox potential, and the polarity of the chemical species containing tungsten as the impurity element
- the adsorption selectivity in the ion adsorption step was confirmed by not converting the oxo anion WO 4 2- as it is.
- the target element M A is vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), manganese (M n), and ion application when the chemical species M A of these target elements is changed by voltage application.
- the change of adsorption selectivity for adsorbent was calculated by simulation. The simulation was performed using MOPAC (Molecular Orbital PAC kage, ver. 9.03 CS).
- the structure shown in FIG. 6 is adopted as a model compound, adopted as a model compound 21 of each ion adsorber, and the enthalpy change of formation before and after each ion adsorption. And the entropy change was calculated.
- M x is a chemical species containing the target element M A , for example, an oxo anion H 3 V 2 O 7 ⁇ which is a chemical species containing vanadium, and an oxo cation VO + which is a chemical species containing vanadium.
- oxo cations CrO is a chemical species containing chromium +
- oxo anions CrO is a chemical species containing chromium 4 2-
- oxyanions H 2 AsO 4 is a chemical species containing arsenic -
- HAsO 2 is a chemical species containing arsenic
- the oxo anion MnO 4 2 ⁇ which is a chemical species containing manganese
- the oxo cation MnOH + which is a chemical species containing manganese.
- PM Metalization Model 6 capable of calculating transition metal complexes was used. Since this reaction is a reaction that occurs in an aqueous solution, the energy was calculated after optimizing the structure in a state where six pieces of water are arranged so as to surround the model compound 21.
- the state at the lower left in FIG. 7 shows the model compound 22 before ion adsorption, and the state at the lower right in FIG. 7 shows the model compound 23 after ion adsorption.
- the enthalpy change ⁇ Hf, the entropy change ⁇ S, and the Gibbs free energy ⁇ G calculated from these values before and after each ion adsorption are shown in FIG.
- the reaction proceeds spontaneously if the Gibbs free energy ⁇ G is a negative value, and the reaction with the ion exchange resin is more dominant as the negative is larger.
- oxoanion H 3 V 2 O 7 ⁇ which is a chemical species containing vanadium
- oxoanion CrO 4 2 ⁇ which is a chemical species containing chromium
- oxoanion which is a chemical species containing arsenic H 2 AsO 4 ⁇
- HAsO 2 which is a chemical species containing arsenic
- oxoanion MnO 4 2 ⁇ which is a chemical species containing manganese
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but includes various modifications.
- the embodiments described above are described in detail in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.
- part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
上述の元素を含め化学種の電荷の極性が変換される元素としては、ベリリウム(Be)、ホウ素(B)、炭素(C)、窒素(N)、フッ素(F)、アルミニウム(Al)、ケイ素(Si)、リン(P)、硫黄(S)、スカンジウム(Sc)、チタン(Ti)、クロム(Cr)、マンガン(Mn)、鉄(Fe)、コバルト(Co)、ニッケル(Ni)、銅(Cu)、亜鉛(Zn)、ガリウム(Ga)、ゲルマニウム(Ge)、ヒ素(As)、セレン(Se)、臭素(Br)、イットリウム(Y)、ジルコニウム(Zr)、ニオブ(Nb)、テクネチウム(Tc)、ルテニウム(Ru)、ロジウム(Rh)、パラジウム(Pd)、銀(Ag)、カドミウム(Cd)、インジウム(In)、スズ(Sn)、アンチモン(Sb)、テレル(Te)、ヨウ素(I)、ランタン(La)、セシウム(Ce)、プラセオジウム(Pr)、ネオジウム(Nd)、サマリウム(Sm)、ユウロピウム(Eu)、ガドリニウム(Gd)、テルビウム(Tb)、シスプロシウム(Dy)、ホルミニウム(Ho)、エルピウム(Er)、ツリウム(Tm)、イッテルビウム(Yb)、ルテチウム(Lu)、ハフニウム(Hf)、タンタル(Ta)、レニウム(Re)、オスニウム(Os)、イリジウム(Ir)、白金(Pt)、金(Au)、水銀(Hg)、タリウム(Tl)、鉛(Pb)、ビスマス(Bi)、ポロニウム(Po)、アクチニウム(Ac)、プロトアクチニウム(Pa)、ウラン(U)、ネプツニウム(Np)、プルトニウム(Pu)、アメリシウム(Am)、キュリウム(Cm)、アインスタニウム(Es)、フェルミニウム(Fm)、メンデレビウム(Md)、ノーベリウム(No)、ローレンシウム(Lr)が挙げられる。
Claims (9)
- 目的元素を含む溶液の酸化還元電位を、前記目的元素を含む化学種のみの極性を変換し得る電位に調整する第一の工程と、
前記酸化還元電位調整後の溶液をイオン吸着体に導入し、前記極性が変換された目的元素を含む化学種及び前記溶液中の不純物元素の化学種のうち何れか一方のみを前記イオン吸着体に選択的に吸着させる第二の工程と、
を備え、前記溶液から目的元素を分離することを特徴とする元素分離方法。 - 目的元素を含む溶液の酸化還元電位を、前記溶液に含まれる不純物元素を含む化学種のみの極性を変換し得る電位に調整する第一の工程と、
前記酸化還元電位調整後の溶液をイオン吸着体に導入し、前記極性が変換された不純物元素を含む化学種及び前記目的元素を含む化学種のうち何れか一方のみを前記イオン吸着体に選択的に吸着させる第二の工程と、
を備え、前記溶液から目的元素を分離することを特徴とする元素分離方法。 - 請求項1または請求項2に記載の元素分離方法において、
前記第一の工程における前記化学種の極性の変換は、正負の極性の変更、0価から正の電荷への変更または0価から負の電荷への変更であることを特徴とする元素分離方法。 - 請求項3に記載の元素分離方法において、
前記目的元素を含む化学種または前記極性が変換された目的元素を含む化学種が前記イオン吸着体に吸着されているとき、溶離液を通流し前記イオン吸着体に吸着された前記目的元素を含む化学種または前記極性が変換された目的元素を含む化学種を分離し回収する工程を備えたことを特徴とする元素分離方法。 - 請求項3に記載の元素分離方法において、
前記第一の工程の前に、前記目的元素を含む溶液のpHを測定し、測定結果に基づき所定のpHに調整する工程を有することを特徴とする元素分離方法。 - 目的元素を含む溶液を導入し、前記目的元素を含む化学種のみの極性を変換するよう前記溶液の酸化還元電位を調整する酸化還元電位調整装置と、
極性変換後の前記目的元素を含む化学種を含む溶液を導入し、前記極性が変換された目的元素を含む化学種及び前記溶液中の不純物のうち何れか一方のみを選択的に吸着するイオン吸着装置と、
を備えたことを特徴とする元素分離システム。 - 請求項6に記載の元素分離システムにおいて、
前記目的元素を含む化学種の極性の変換は、正負の極性の変更、0価から正の電荷への変更または0価から負の電荷への変更であることを特徴とする元素分離装置。 - 請求項7に記載の元素分離システムにおいて、
前記イオン吸着装置は、内部に正イオンまたは負イオンを吸着するイオン吸着樹脂が充填されたインオン吸着塔であることを特徴とする元素分離システム。 - 請求項7に記載の元素分離システムにおいて、
前記イオン吸着部に溶離液を通流し、前記イオン吸着部に吸着された前記極性変換後の前記目的元素を含む化学種を分離し回収する目的元素回収部を備えたことを特徴とする元素分離システム。
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US20170275733A1 (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2017-09-28 | Techemet, Llc | Method for platinum recovery from materials containing rhenium and platinum metals |
JP2018192417A (ja) * | 2017-05-17 | 2018-12-06 | 株式会社Kri | 金属オキソアニオン複合吸着材および吸着方法 |
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