WO2015062186A1 - 一种具有自吹弧特性的软磁电触头材料的制备方法及其产品 - Google Patents

一种具有自吹弧特性的软磁电触头材料的制备方法及其产品 Download PDF

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WO2015062186A1
WO2015062186A1 PCT/CN2014/072138 CN2014072138W WO2015062186A1 WO 2015062186 A1 WO2015062186 A1 WO 2015062186A1 CN 2014072138 W CN2014072138 W CN 2014072138W WO 2015062186 A1 WO2015062186 A1 WO 2015062186A1
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Prior art keywords
soft magnetic
contact material
powder
layer
electrical contact
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PCT/CN2014/072138
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宋振阳
张秀芳
翁桅
柏小平
林万焕
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福达合金材料股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2015062186A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015062186A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/18—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C2202/00—Physical properties
    • C22C2202/02—Magnetic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H33/185—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using magnetisable elements associated with the contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H9/446—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using magnetisable elements associated with the contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical contact material, in particular to a soft magnetic electrical contact material with self-blowing characteristics and a preparation method thereof, and the contact is mainly applied to an AC circuit breaker with an arc extinguishing mechanism.
  • the contacts When the AC circuit breaker passes the short-circuit current, the contacts are broken, an arc is generated between the moving and static contacts, and the arc enters the arc extinguishing chamber through the arc guiding rail from the contact opening.
  • the arc extinguishing grid divides the arc into several small segments, reduces the arc column temperature, increases the arc voltage, and causes the arc to quickly extinguish.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a method for preparing a soft magnetic electrical contact material having self-blowing characteristics, and the soft magnetic electrical contact material obtained is suitable for
  • the current types of AC circuit breakers greatly enhance the magnetic blowing effect while avoiding the redesign of the circuit breaker structure and improving the breaking capacity of the AC circuit breaker.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a product obtained by the above production method.
  • the powder is a soft magnetic powder or a mixed powder of a plurality of soft magnetic powders
  • the mixed powder prepared in the step (1) is initially pressed into an electrical contact material having a porosity of 70-85% and sterling silver.
  • the composite material of the solder layer; then, the high temperature compact is sintered in a hydrogen atmosphere, and then the compacted compact is subjected to a recompression treatment to obtain a soft magnetic contact material.
  • the soft magnetic powder and the contact material powder are initially pressed into a composite material having a porosity of 70 to 85%, and the composite material comprises a contact material layer and a soft magnetic material layer, wherein the contact material layer is a contact
  • the working layer, the soft magnetic material layer is a solder layer, and then, the high temperature compact is sintered in a hydrogen atmosphere, and then the sintered compact is subjected to a recompressing treatment to obtain a soft magnetic electric contact material product, the soft magnetic powder.
  • the body is a soft magnetic powder or a mixed powder of a plurality of soft magnetic powders.
  • the following steps are carried out: mixing the soft magnetic powder with the silver-based contact material, and then isostatically pressing into an ingot to obtain a mixed ingot, and then sintering the mixed ingot under high temperature in a hydrogen atmosphere, and then extruding into a strip or
  • the sheet material is then prepared into a strip or sheet with a silver layer by a hot rolling re-silver process, and then punched into a finished soft magnetic contact material according to a given size and shape, the soft magnetic powder being a A soft magnetic powder or a mixed powder of a plurality of soft magnetic powders.
  • the soft magnetic powder is statically pressed into an ingot, and then the ingot is sintered at a high temperature in a hydrogen atmosphere, and then extruded into a soft magnetic strip or sheet, and the soft magnetic strip or sheet is contacted with the silver base.
  • the head material strip or sheet is hot rolled and then finished into a soft magnetic contact material according to a given size and shape.
  • the soft magnetic powder is a soft magnetic powder or a plurality of soft magnetic powders. Mixed powder of body.
  • the technical solution of the present invention comprises: a body having an electrical contact material, wherein the electrical contact material body is discretely distributed with a soft magnetic powder body.
  • the soft magnetic electrical contact material comprises a contact material layer and a soft magnetic material layer disposed under the contact material layer, wherein the contact material layer is a contact working layer, and the soft magnetic material layer is a solder layer.
  • a body comprising a silver-based electrical contact material, the silver-based electrical contact material body being composited with a layer of pure silver on one side, the pure silver layer being used as a contact solder layer, and the electrical contact material is discretely distributed in the body There are soft magnetic powders.
  • the soft magnetic contact material comprises a silver-based contact material layer and a soft magnetic material layer disposed under the silver-based contact material layer, wherein the silver-based contact material layer is a contact working layer, and the soft magnetic material The layer is a solder layer.
  • the invention combines the soft magnetic powder into the traditional contact material or the soft magnetic material under the traditional contact material, so that the composite contact produced has the conductivity, anti-welding and the traditional contact. In addition to resistance to burning and other characteristics, it also has soft magnetic properties.
  • the composite contact material can use the electromagnetic force generated by the current itself to form a certain arcing magnetic field when the contact is broken, so that the arc accelerates away from the contact surface and enters the arc extinguishing system, thereby accelerating the extinction of the arc and reducing the arc. Burning of the contacts.
  • the characteristics of the magnetic flux-enhancing effect of the contact material of the present invention are achieved by the following mechanisms:
  • AC circuit breakers are usually equipped with an arc extinguishing mechanism. After the arc is generated, the arc current generates a magnetic flux in the surrounding space to magnetize the grid in the arc extinguishing mechanism. At this time, the magnetic flux path of the space around the arc changes, and the magnetized grid generates an attractive force for pulling the arc into the arc extinguishing chamber. After the arc enters the grid, the resistance increases, and the arc voltage rises and gradually extinguishes.
  • the soft magnetic material When the soft magnetic material is in an external magnetic field, a magnetic field line will accumulate around the material, which is manifested by a great increase in the magnetic field near the material.
  • the arc-extinguishing grid is magnetized to attract the arc current, and the grid magnetic field will be enhanced in the vicinity of the contact material having soft magnetic properties, and the arc will accelerate to the arc-extinguishing grid under the action of the enhanced magnetic field. In turn, the burning of the contact material is reduced.
  • the contact material having soft magnetic properties is directly used as compared with the soft magnetic material attached to the lower end or the side end of the incoming component, for the arcing magnetic field. A greater reinforcement will be produced and a better arcing effect will be obtained.
  • the electric contact material of the invention can be conveniently fabricated into various specifications, and is suitable for the current various types of AC circuit breakers, and greatly enhances the magnetic blowing effect, avoids the redesign of the circuit breaker structure, and breaks the existing AC circuit breaker.
  • the ability to improve provides a simpler and more efficient way.
  • the soft magnetic powder may be a single material powder (such as pure iron) or a mixed powder of a plurality of soft magnetic powders, and the soft magnetic powders are selected to have a low electrical resistivity.
  • the contact material of the invention has high conductivity and can better control the temperature rise of the contact when a large current passes.
  • the contact material of the present invention has soft magnetic characteristics compared with other magnetic arc blowing modes, so that the soft magnetic object in the circuit breaker is closer to the arc, and the arcing effect is more obvious.
  • Another important feature of this material is that the contact material can be made into various specifications according to the electrical requirements, and can be applied to various types of AC circuit breakers without redesigning the circuit breaker structure, which greatly facilitates the contact material. usage of.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a soft magnetic electrical contact material prepared in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a soft magnetic electrical contact material prepared in Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • iron powder and AgWCC powder are pressed 5:95 The ratio is evenly mixed; in a hydrogen atmosphere, the mixed powder is sintered and granulated at 450 ° C for 0.5 hours, and then the united powder is broken into -15 mesh powder; the initial pressure is 80% of the electrical contact.
  • a composite material of a head material and a pure silver solder layer in a hydrogen atmosphere, 800 ° C in a muffle furnace, 2 hours of compact sintering; using a pressure of 8 t / cm 2 on the compacted compact after compaction, post-treatment Get the finished product.
  • the soft magnetic contact material comprises a body 1 of electrical contact material, and the soft magnetic powder 2 is dispersed in the body 1 of the electrical contact.
  • the soft magnetic contact material comprises a contact material layer 1 and a soft magnetic material layer 2 disposed under the contact material layer, wherein the contact material layer is a contact working layer, and soft magnetic The material layer is a solder layer.
  • the iron powder, cobalt powder and silver chrome powder were uniformly mixed in a ratio of 5:1:94; the pressure was isostatically pressed into an AgCdO-Fe-Co spindle at 80 MPa, and the spindle was sintered at 700 ° C for 1 hour in a hydrogen atmosphere. Then, the AgCdO-Fe-Co spindle is extruded into a sheet; the silver chromium oxide-iron-cobalt sheet is prepared by a hot-rolling complex silver process to form a AgCdO-Fe-Co/Ag sheet with a silver layer, followed by cold rolling and scouring. Cut and post-process to get the finished product.
  • An AgSnO2/FeNi12 7.5 x 7.5 x 2 mm electrical contact was fabricated.
  • iron powder and nickel powder by 88:12 The ratio is evenly mixed; the iron-nickel spindle is isostatically pressed at 130 MPa, and the iron-nickel spindle is sintered at 820 ° C for 2.5 hours in a hydrogen atmosphere, and then the iron-nickel spindle is extruded into a sheet; and the AgSnO 2 strip is hot rolled and composited.
  • the AgSnO2/FeNi12 strip was cold rolled to a thickness of 2 mm and then punched into a 7.5 x 7.5 x 2 mm contact piece, which was post-treated to obtain a finished product.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种具有自吹弧特性的软磁电触头材料的制备方法及其产品，该触头材料自身是一种复合材料，能够在触头分断时利用短路电流自身产生电磁力，来增强断路器灭弧系统的熄弧能力，达到加速电弧移动，减小触头烧损，提高短路开断容量的目的。这种触头材料的一个重要特征是，其可以被制作成各种规格、各种形状，方便应用于各型带有灭弧机构的交流断路器中。该触头材料制作方法简单，可通过模压法将软磁性粉体与现有触头材料原料粉体混合压制而成、可通过模压法将软磁性粉体与现有触头材料原料两层粉体复合压制而成、可通过热轧法将软磁性带材与现有触头材料带材复合而成，还可将软磁性粉体与现有触头材料原料粉体混合挤压再热轧复银而成。

Description

一种具有自吹弧特性的软磁电触头材料的制备方法及其产品 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电触头材料，具体是指一种具有自吹弧特性的软磁电触头材料及其制备方法，该触头主要应用于带有灭弧机构的交流断路器。
背景技术
交流断路器经过短路电流时，触头分断，动静触头间产生电弧，电弧从触点断开处通过电弧引导轨进入灭弧室。在灭弧室中，灭弧栅板将电弧分割为若干小段，降低弧柱温度，提高电弧电压，使电弧迅速熄灭。
如果电弧熄灭不及时，将会对电器造成严重的损坏。如何更迅速的熄灭电弧一直是电器领域最重要的课题。人们提出了多种措施以加速电弧进入灭弧装置，其中磁吹弧是最常用的方法之一。例如，在交流断路器中设置铁磁性吹弧装置，借助铁磁性板件产生吹弧磁场，通过磁场与电弧的相互作用来加速其向灭弧装置的运动，进而实现电弧的快速熄灭。然而这种方式需要在交流断路器中有限的空间内额外设置铁磁性吹弧装置，机构设置不灵活，甚至需要对断路器结构进行重新设计，成本高。
 技术问题
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术存在的缺点和不足，而提供一种制备具有自吹弧特性的软磁电触头材料的制备方法，其制得的软磁电触头材料，适用于现行各类交流断路器，在大大增强磁吹效果的同时，避免了断路器结构的重新设计，提高了交流断路器分断能力。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种上述制备方法所获得的产品。
 技术解决方案
为实现本发明的第一个目的，本发明的技术方案是采用以下工序：
（1）将软磁性粉体与触头材料原料粉进行混合，在氢气气氛中进行高温烧结，团化制粒，然后将团结的粉块破碎成-15目的混合粉体；所述的软磁性粉体为一种软磁性粉体或多种软磁性粉体的混合粉体；
（2）采用粉末冶金模压工艺，按照电触头材料的产品的尺寸及外形，将步骤（1）制得的混合粉体初压成孔隙率为70~85%的电触头材料与纯银焊接层的复合材料；然后在氢气气氛中进行高温压坯烧结，再对烧结后的压坯进行复压处理，得到软磁电触头材料成品。
或者是采用以下工序： 将软磁性粉体与触头材料粉体，初压成孔隙率为70~85%的复合材料，该复合材料中包括有触头材料层和软磁性材料层，其中触头材料层为触头工作层，软磁性材料层为焊接层，然后，在氢气气氛中进行高温压坯烧结，然后再对烧结后压坯进行复压处理，得到软磁电触头材料成品，所述的软磁性粉体为一种软磁性粉体或多种软磁性粉体的混合粉体。
或者是采用以下工序：将软磁性粉体与银基触头材料进行混合，然后等静压成锭，获得混合压锭，然后在氢气气氛下，将混合压锭高温烧结，然后挤压成带材或板材，然后再采用热轧复银工艺制备成带有银层的带材或板材，然后按照给定尺寸及外形，冲制成软磁电触头材料成品，所述的软磁性粉体为一种软磁性粉体或多种软磁性粉体的混合粉体。
或者是采用以下工序：将软磁性粉体等静压成锭，然后在氢气气氛下，将压锭高温烧结，然后挤压成软磁性带材或板材，将软磁性带材或板材与银基触头材料带材或板材进行热轧复合，然后按照给定尺寸及外形，冲制成软磁电触头材料成品，所述的软磁性粉体为一种软磁性粉体或多种软磁性粉体的混合粉体。
为实现本发明的第二个目的，本发明的技术方案是：包括有电触头材料本体，所述的电触头材料本体内离散分布有软磁性粉体。
或者是该软磁电触头材料中包括有触头材料层和复合设置于触头材料层下方的软磁性材料层，其中触头材料层为触头工作层，软磁性材料层为焊接层。
或者是包括有银基电触头材料本体，该银基电触头材料本体的一面上复合有纯银层，该纯银层作为触头焊接层，所述的电触头材料本体内离散分布有软磁性粉体。
或者是该软磁电触头材料中包括银基触头材料层和复合设置于银基触头材料层下方的软磁性材料层，其中银基触头材料层为触头工作层，软磁性材料层为焊接层。
 有益效果
本发明通过向传统触头材料中添加软磁性粉体，或在传统触头材料下方复合一层软磁性材料的方式，使得生产出的复合触头除了具有传统触头的导电、抗熔焊及耐烧损等特性之外，还具有软磁特性。
这种复合触头材料可以在触头分断时，利用电流自身产生的电磁力，形成某种吹弧磁场，使电弧加速离开触头表面，进入灭弧系统，从而加速电弧的熄灭，减小电弧对触头的烧损。本发明触头材料这种增强磁吹作用的特性是通过以下机制实现的：
在电路中出现短路电流时，动静触头在机构的作用下分开，触头之间产生电弧。交流断路器通常配有灭弧机构。电弧产生后，电弧电流在周围空间产生磁通，将灭弧机构中的栅片磁化。此时电弧周围空间的磁通路径产生变化，被磁化的栅片产生一种将电弧拉入灭弧室的吸引力，电弧进入栅片后，电阻增大，电弧电压上升并逐渐熄灭。
软磁性材料处于外界磁场中时，材料周围将发生磁力线的聚集，表现为材料附近磁场的极大增强。电弧产生后，灭弧栅片被磁化，吸引电弧电流，而栅片磁场在具有软磁特性的触头材料附近将得到增强，电弧在增强的磁场作用下，将加速向灭弧栅片运动，进而减少对触头材料的烧损。
由于软磁材料对磁场的增强效应随着距离的增加而迅速减弱，所以相较于在进线元件下端或侧端附加软磁材料，直接使用具有软磁特性的触头材料，对于吹弧磁场将产生更大的增强作用，将获得更好的吹弧效果。
本发明的电触头材料可以方便的制作成各种规格，适用于现行各类交流断路器，在大大增强磁吹效果的同时，避免了断路器结构的重新设计，为现有交流断路器分断能力的提高提供了更简便有效的途径。
上述软磁性粉体，既可以是单一材料粉体（如纯铁），也可以是多种软磁粉体的混合粉体，这些软磁性粉体的选择使其自身具有较低的电阻率，能够保障本发明触头材料具有较高的电导率，在大电流经过时能够较好地控制触头温升。
本发明所涉及材料的一个重要特点是，相较于其它磁吹弧方式，本发明触头材料自身带有软磁特性，使得断路器中的软磁性物体距离电弧更近，吹弧效应更加明显；本材料的另一个重要特点是，触头材料可以根据电器要求做成各种规格，应用于各种型号的交流断路器而无需将断路器结构重新设计，这大大方便了此种触头材料的使用。
下面结合说明书附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步介绍。
 附图说明
图1 为本发明实施例1制备的软磁电触头材料剖面示意图；
图2 为本发明实施例2制备的软磁电触头材料剖面示意图；
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明进行具体的描述，只用于对本发明进行进一步说明，不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限定，该领域的技术工程师可根据上述发明的内容对本发明作出一些非本质的改进和调整。
实施例1
首先将铁粉与AgWCC粉按5：95 比例混合均匀；在氢气气氛中,对混合粉在450℃，0.5小时进行烧结团化制粒，然后将团结的粉块破碎成-15目的粉体；初压成孔隙率为80%的电触头材料与纯银焊接层的复合材料；在氢气气氛中，于马弗炉中进行800℃，2小时压坯烧结；采用8t/cm2的压力对烧结后压坯进行复压处理，经后处理得到成品。如图1所示，该软磁电触头材料包括有电触头材料本体1，所述的电触头材料本体1内弥散分布有软磁性粉体2。
实施例2
首先将铁粉、镍粉、钴粉按94:1:5比例混合均匀；在氢气气氛中,对混合粉在780℃，0.5小时进行烧结团化制粒，然后将团结的粉块破碎成-25目的粉体；Fe-Ni-Co混合粉与AgC5粉按成品厚度1:1初压成孔隙率为80%的电触头材料,其中，Fe-Ni-Co为焊接层材料；在氢气气氛中，于马弗炉中进行750℃，2.5小时压坯烧结；采用10t/cm2的压力对烧结后压坯进行复压处理后经后处理得到成品。如图2所示，该软磁电触头材料中包括有触头材料层1和复合设置于触头材料层下方的软磁性材料层2，其中触头材料层为触头工作层，软磁性材料层为焊接层。
实施例3
首先将铁粉、钴粉、银氧化铬粉按5:1:94比例混合均匀；采用80MPa压力等静压成AgCdO-Fe-Co锭子，在氢气气氛中,对锭子进行700℃，1小时烧结，然后将AgCdO-Fe-Co锭子挤压成板材；银氧化铬-铁-钴板材采用热轧复银工艺制备成带有银层的AgCdO-Fe-Co/Ag板材，后经冷轧、冲裁、后处理得到成品。
实施例4
制作AgSnO2/FeNi12 7.5×7.5×2mm电触头。首先将铁粉与镍粉按88：12 比例混合均匀；采用130MPa压力等静压成铁镍锭子，在氢气气氛中,对铁镍锭子进行820℃，2.5小时烧结，然后将铁镍锭子挤压成板材；与AgSnO2带材热轧复合成AgSnO2/FeNi12带材，后经冷轧至2mm厚度，再冲裁成7.5×7.5×2mm触头片，经后处理得到成品。
 本发明的实施方式
工业实用性
序列表自由内容

Claims (8)

  1. 一种具有自吹弧特性的软磁电触头材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下工序：
    （1）将软磁性粉体与触头材料原料粉进行混合，在氢气气氛中进行高温烧结，团化制粒，然后将团结的粉块破碎成-15目的混合粉体；所述的软磁性粉体为一种软磁性粉体或多种软磁性粉体的混合粉体；
    （2）采用粉末冶金模压工艺，按照电触头材料的产品的尺寸及外形，将步骤（1）制得的混合粉体初压成孔隙率为70~85%的电触头材料与纯银焊接层的复合材料；然后在氢气气氛中进行高温压坯烧结，再对烧结后的压坯进行复压处理，得到软磁电触头材料成品。
  2. 一种如权利要求1所述制备方法所制备的具有自吹弧特性的软磁电触头材料，其特征在于：包括有电触头材料本体，所述的电触头材料本体内离散分布有软磁性粉体。
  3. 一种具有自吹弧特性的软磁电触头材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下工序：
    将软磁性粉体与触头材料粉体，初压成孔隙率为70~85%的复合材料，该复合材料中包括有触头材料层和软磁性材料层，其中触头材料层为触头工作层，软磁性材料层为焊接层，然后，在氢气气氛中进行高温压坯烧结，然后再对烧结后压坯进行复压处理，得到软磁电触头材料成品，所述的软磁性粉体为一种软磁性粉体或多种软磁性粉体的混合粉体。
  4. 一种如权利要求3所述的制备方法所制备的具有自吹弧特性的软磁电触头材料，其特征在于：该软磁电触头材料中包括有触头材料层和复合设置于触头材料层下方的软磁性材料层，其中触头材料层为触头工作层，软磁性材料层为焊接层。
  5. 一种具有自吹弧特性的软磁电触头材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下工序：
    将软磁性粉体与银基触头材料进行混合，然后等静压成锭，获得混合压锭，然后在氢气气氛下，将混合压锭高温烧结，然后挤压成带材或板材，然后再采用热轧复银工艺制备成带有银层的带材或板材，然后按照给定尺寸及外形，冲制成软磁电触头材料成品，所述的软磁性粉体为一种软磁性粉体或多种软磁性粉体的混合粉体。
  6. 一种如权利要求5所述的制备方法所制备的具有自吹弧特性的软磁电触头材料，其特征在于：包括有银基电触头材料本体，该银基电触头材料本体的一面上复合有纯银层，所述的电触头材料本体内离散分布有软磁性粉体。
  7. 一种具有自吹弧特性的软磁电触头材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下工序：
    将软磁性粉体等静压成锭，然后在氢气气氛下，将压锭高温烧结，然后挤压成软磁性带材或板材，将软磁性带材或板材与银基触头材料带材或板材进行热轧复合，然后按照给定尺寸及外形，冲制成软磁电触头材料成品，所述的软磁性粉体为一种软磁性粉体或多种软磁性粉体的混合粉体。
  8. 一种如权利要求7所述的制备方法所制备的具有自吹弧特性的软磁电触头材料，其特征在于：该软磁电触头材料中包括银基触头材料层和复合设置于银基触头材料层一侧的软磁性材料层，其中银基触头材料层为触头工作层，软磁性材料层为焊接层。
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