WO2015054953A1 - 稀土永磁体及其制备方法 - Google Patents

稀土永磁体及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2015054953A1
WO2015054953A1 PCT/CN2013/089182 CN2013089182W WO2015054953A1 WO 2015054953 A1 WO2015054953 A1 WO 2015054953A1 CN 2013089182 W CN2013089182 W CN 2013089182W WO 2015054953 A1 WO2015054953 A1 WO 2015054953A1
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rare earth
earth permanent
permanent magnet
magnet
preparation
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PCT/CN2013/089182
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French (fr)
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严长江
闫阿儒
郭帅
陈仁杰
李东
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中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所
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Publication of WO2015054953A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015054953A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/057Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
    • H01F1/0571Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
    • H01F1/0575Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
    • H01F1/0577Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
    • H01F41/0273Imparting anisotropy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of material manufacturing, in particular to a rare earth permanent magnet and a preparation method thereof. Background technique
  • rare earth permanent magnet materials with Nd 2 Fe 14 B phase structure and similar structures are rapidly applied to computer hard disks, magnetic resonance imaging, hybrid vehicles, and their excellent performance. Wind power and other fields.
  • China's NdFeB production accounts for more than 80% of the world's total, mainly due to strong demand in the fields of hybrid vehicles and wind power.
  • an average of 2-3 kg of NdFeB based permanent magnet material is required for each hybrid vehicle, and 0.5-lt NdFeB based permanent magnets are required for each MW wind turbine.
  • NdFeB-based permanent magnets have a wide range of applications, the high price of rare earth elements such as niobium or tantalum has resulted in high prices for medium and low-end permanent magnets. This undoubtedly limits the application of NdFeB permanent magnets. As we all know, the price of rare earth is related to its amount in the world. Compared with strontium or barium, the more abundant strontium has a lower price. Thus, an inexpensive NdFeB based permanent magnet can be prepared by using a high abundance rare earth Ce instead of Pr/Nd.
  • the present invention provides a rare earth permanent magnet and a preparation method thereof, which reduce the cost of the rare earth permanent magnet material and at the same time maintain a high coercive force.
  • the main phase of the rare earth permanent magnet is a 2-14-1 phase, and in addition, a rare earth-rich phase and a CeFe 2 phase are also present.
  • the CeFe 2 phase is distributed at grain boundaries in the rare earth permanent magnet.
  • a method for preparing a rare earth permanent magnet includes the following steps: (1) Configuring raw materials: According to the mass ratio of MM a _ b HRE b Fe e B d TM e , a certain amount of metal or alloy raw materials containing corresponding elements are arranged;
  • the alloy powder obtained in the step (3) is placed in a mold of a certain shape, and then oriented under the action of a magnetic field, and subjected to isostatic pressing to obtain a magnet green body;
  • the magnet green body obtained in the step (4) is placed in a vacuum furnace at a certain temperature for sintering or hot pressing for 1 _ 4h to obtain a magnet blank;
  • step (2) the initial alloy is prepared by induction melting, and the temperature of the induction melting is ⁇ 1410 °C.
  • the alloy powder obtained in the step (3) has an average particle size of 3 _ 5 ⁇ .
  • step (3) a small amount of an antioxidant is added during the preparation of the alloy powder.
  • the magnet green body in step (4), has a density of 2.8 - 4.5 g/cm 3 .
  • the sintering temperature is ⁇ 1050.
  • the vacuum heat treatment process is divided into two stages, the first stage temperature is 860 - 940 ° C, the temperature is 1 - 4 h, and the second stage temperature is 420 - 560 ° C, keep warm for 1 - 4h.
  • the rare earth permanent magnet provided by the present invention uses a part of ruthenium instead of ruthenium or osmium. In terms of cost, the cost is greatly reduced compared with the existing NdFeB permanent magnets on the market; from the viewpoint of magnetic properties, the permanent magnet is still Maintain high coercivity and large magnetic energy product.
  • a rare earth permanent magnet is successfully prepared, which ensures that the prepared rare earth permanent magnet has a high coercive force, so that it can satisfy various applications.
  • X-ray diffraction spectrum of a rare earth permanent magnet of the present invention wherein (a) - (c) are X-ray diffraction patterns of the rare earth permanent magnets of Comparative Example 1 - 3, respectively, and (d) - (f) are respectively Example 1. X-ray diffraction pattern of -3 rare earth permanent magnet;
  • FIG. 3 is a backscattered scanning electron micrograph of a rare earth permanent magnet of the present invention, wherein (a), (b), (c), and (d) are Comparative Example 5, Example 4, Example 5, and Example 6, respectively. Scanning electron micrograph
  • Example 5 is an energy spectrum analysis report of the rare earth permanent magnet of Example 4 at a triangular grain boundary
  • Fig. 6 is a view showing the microstructure of a rare earth permanent magnet according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. detailed description
  • the CeFe 2 phase It is distributed at the grain boundary of the rare earth permanent magnet, especially at the triangular grain boundary.
  • the mass ratio of Ce substituted Pr or Nd is 0.24 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.32.
  • the rare earth permanent magnet has relatively high coercive force and large remanence, which can meet various practical applications, and greatly saves the cost of the rare earth permanent magnet due to the large content of Ce.
  • the rare earth permanent magnet of the present invention a part of Ce is used instead of Pr or Nd, and a CeFe 2 phase is formed in the crystal phase. Since the CeFe 2 phase is a paramagnetic phase at room temperature, it is mainly distributed on the grain boundary, which can enhance the demagnetization cooperation between the phases 2-14-1, thereby enhancing the coercive force of the magnet to a certain extent. This compensates for the defect that the coercive force is lowered due to the decrease in the anisotropy field of the magnet caused by the entry of Ce into the 2-14-1 phase. At the same time, due to the addition of Ce, the cost of the rare earth permanent magnet of the present invention is significantly reduced as compared with the existing NdFeB permanent magnets on the market.
  • the invention also provides a preparation method of the above rare earth permanent magnet, comprising the following steps:
  • (1) Configuring raw materials: According to the mass ratio of MM a 5 HRE b Fe e B d TM e , a certain amount of metal or alloy raw materials containing corresponding elements are arranged, wherein MM And x and 1-x are mass ratios, LRE is one or two of Pr and Nd, and HRE is one or more of La, Y, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb, Tm , TM is one or more of Al, Cu, Mn, Ga, Nb, Zr, and 0.24 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.6, 27 ⁇ a ⁇ 36, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 10, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 3, 0.8 ⁇ d ⁇ 1.5, e 100-adcd.
  • the raw material of the rare earth element is a mixed rare earth alloy, for example, may be used
  • An alloy of at least two of the three elements Ce, Pr, and Nd reduces the separation process of the rare earth, thereby avoiding energy consumption and environmental pollution during the separation process.
  • initial alloy The metal or alloy raw material obtained in the step (1) is mixed and then subjected to rapid setting, rapid quenching or induction melting to prepare an initial alloy in the form of a quick-setting sheet, a quenching belt or an ingot.
  • the initial alloy is prepared by induction melting, and the temperature of the induction melting is ⁇ 1410 °C.
  • the initial alloy obtained in the step (2) is crushed into a coarse powder by hydrogen crushing or mechanical crushing, and then the coarse powder is ground into a fine powder by a jet mill or a ball mill to obtain an alloy powder.
  • the obtained alloy powder has an average particle size of 3 - 5 ⁇ m.
  • a small amount of an antioxidant such as isopropyl alcohol and oleic acid may be added during the preparation of the alloy powder to prevent oxidation of the alloy powder.
  • the alloy powder obtained in the step (3) is placed in a mold of a certain shape, and then oriented and formed under the action of a magnetic field, and subjected to isostatic pressing to obtain a green body of the magnet.
  • the magnet green body has a density of from 2.8 to 4.5 g/cm 3 .
  • the magnet green body obtained in the step (4) is placed in a vacuum furnace at a certain temperature for sintering or hot pressing for 1 to 4 hours to obtain a magnet blank.
  • the magnet green body is placed in a vacuum furnace and sintered at a temperature below ⁇ 1050 ° C for 1 _ 4 h. At this temperature, the 2-14-1 phase rich in Ce does not melt and destroys the orientation of the magnet and thus affects the remanence of the magnet.
  • the magnet blank obtained in the step (5) is subjected to vacuum heat treatment to obtain a rare earth permanent magnet.
  • the vacuum heat treatment process is divided into two stages, the first stage temperature is 860 - 940 ° C, the temperature is 1 - 4 h, the second stage temperature is 420 - 560 ° C, and the temperature is 1 - 4 h.
  • the rare earth permanent magnet can be structurally optimized to make the grain boundary distribution more continuous and the grain boundary clearer.
  • the preparation method of the invention successfully prepares a rare earth permanent magnet, which ensures that the prepared rare earth permanent magnet has higher coercive force and larger magnetic energy product, so that it can satisfy various applications.
  • the rare earth permanent magnet material of the present invention and the preparation method thereof will be described in detail below for the two sets of experiments, the first group is the comparative example 1-3 and the embodiment 1-3; the second group is the comparative example 4-6 and the embodiment 4 6.
  • the raw materials are prepared according to the total mass of 2.5 kg, wherein the raw materials are PrQ. 2 NdQ. 8 (mass ratio) alloy, pure Fe, pure A1, pure Cu, Dy 79 . 7 Fe 20 . 3 (mass ratio Alloy and B 19 . 4 Fe 80 . 6 (mass ratio) alloy.
  • S300 The quick-setting piece obtained by S200 is placed in a hydrogen crushing furnace and crushed by a hydrogenation process.
  • the crushing process is vacuuming, charging hydrogen, hydrogen absorption, dehydrogenation and cooling, and the dehydrogenation temperature is 300-800 °C.
  • S400 The powder obtained by hydrogenation and crushing in S300 was subjected to nitrogen gas flow milling to prepare a powder having an average particle size of about 3 ⁇ m.
  • S500 The magnetic powder obtained in S300 was oriented at a magnetic field of 1800 kA/m, and then isostatically treated at 200 MPa to obtain a green body magnet having a density of 2-4 g/cm.
  • S600 The magnet green body obtained in S500 was sintered in a vacuum furnace at a sintering temperature of 1040-1045 ° C and a sintering time of 2 h to obtain a magnet blank.
  • S700 The magnet blank obtained in S600 is subjected to a secondary heat treatment process, and vacuum heat treatment is performed at 900 ° C and 480 ° C for 2 h to obtain a rare earth permanent magnet.
  • Each raw material is prepared according to a total mass of 2.5 kg, wherein the raw material uses Pr. 2 NdQ. 8 (mass ratio) alloy, metal Ce, pure Fe, pure A1, pure Cu, Dy 79 . 7 Fe 20 . 3 (mass ratio) alloy and B 19 . 4 Fe 80 . 6 (mass ratio) alloy .
  • a rare earth permanent magnet having a mass ratio of [(PrQ ⁇ Ndas ⁇ Cew sDysFe ⁇ AlfHCufuBi, from which the chemical formula shows that 16wt.//Pr/Nd is substituted by Ce.
  • the preparation method according to the preparation method of the second example is Magnet.
  • a rare earth permanent magnet having a mass ratio of [(P ⁇ NdQ. ⁇ eCe ⁇ DysFee ⁇ AlcuCufHB) is chemically known, and 24 wt. / ⁇ Pr/Nd is substituted by Ce.
  • the rare earth is prepared according to the preparation method of Comparative Example 2. Permanent magnets.
  • the rare earth permanent magnet includes a 2 - 14 - 1 phase, a CeFe 2 phase, and a rare earth-rich phase, wherein the CeFe 2 phase is mainly distributed in the rare earth permanent magnet.
  • the triangle boundary in the body is a microscopic structure diagram of the rare earth permanent magnet of Embodiment 1.
  • the preparation method is prepared according to the preparation method of Comparative Example 2. Permanent magnets.
  • Example 3 A rare earth permanent magnet having a mass ratio of [(P ⁇ NdQ ⁇ QCeeQ .sDysFe ⁇ AlcuCufHBi, wherein the chemical formula shows that 60wt. / ⁇ Pr/Nd is substituted by Ce.
  • (a) is a diffraction pattern of Comparative Example 1, which is a blank control, and the phase formation is a phase of 2-14-1.
  • (b) _ (f) is a diffraction pattern of a rare earth permanent magnet doped with Ce.
  • Comparative Example 1 - 3 after the Ce is doped into the rare earth permanent magnet, the remanence of the magnet decreases, the coercive force decreases, and as the Ce content increases, the coercive force of the rare earth permanent magnet decreases. This is due to Ce. Entering the crystal lattice of the 2-14-1 phase causes the saturation magnetization and anisotropy field of the phase to decrease.
  • the magnetic property data of the rare earth permanent magnets of Comparative Example 3 and Example 1-3 were observed.
  • the value of the coercive force of the rare earth permanent magnet first increased and then decreased. This is due to the presence of the CeFe 2 phase in the rare earth permanent magnet as the Ce content increases.
  • CeFe 2 is a phase which exhibits a paramagnetic material at room temperature and is distributed on the grain boundary to enhance the demagnetization cooperation between the phases 2-14-1, thereby enhancing the coercive force of the magnet; however, the Ce concentration is increased. After a certain degree, the increase in coercive force due to CeFe 2 is not sufficient to compensate for the defect of anisotropy field reduction due to Ce. Therefore, the value of the coercive force will first increase and then decrease. At the same time, the mass percentage of Pr/Nd substituted by Ce is
  • the rare earth permanent magnet has better magnetic properties, which can meet various applications, and
  • Each raw material is prepared according to a total mass of 2.5 kg, wherein the raw material uses Pr. . 2 Nd. . 8 (mass ratio) alloy, pure Cu, pure A1, pure Fe, B 19 . 4 Fe 8 Q. 6 (mass ratio) alloy.
  • S300 The quick-setting piece obtained by S200 is placed in a hydrogen crushing furnace and crushed by a hydrogenation process.
  • the crushing process is vacuuming, charging hydrogen, hydrogen absorption, dehydrogenation and cooling, and the dehydrogenation temperature is 300-800 °C.
  • S400 The powder obtained by hydrogenation and crushing in S300 was subjected to nitrogen gas flow milling to prepare a powder having an average particle size of about 3 ⁇ m.
  • S500 The magnetic powder obtained in S300 was orientated under a magnetic field of 1800 kA/m, and then isostatically treated at 200 MPa to obtain a green body of magnet having a density of 3-4 g/cm 3 .
  • S600 The magnet green body obtained in S500 was sintered in a vacuum furnace at a sintering temperature of 1020-1040 ° C and a sintering time of 2 h to obtain a magnet blank.
  • S700 The magnet blank obtained in S600 is subjected to a secondary heat treatment process, and vacuum heat treatment is performed at 900 ° C and 500 ° C for 2 h to obtain a rare earth permanent magnet.
  • Each raw material is prepared according to a total mass of 2.5 kg, wherein the raw material uses Pr. . 2 Nd. . 8 (mass ratio) alloy, metal Ce, pure A1, pure Fe, pure Cu, B 19 . 4 Fe 8 . . 6 (mass ratio) alloy.
  • the preparation method is prepared according to the preparation method of Comparative Example 5 Rare earth permanent magnets.
  • a rare earth permanent magnet, mass ratio chemical formula: the chemical formula It can be seen that 24 wt. / ⁇ Pr/Nd is replaced by Ce.
  • the rare earth permanent magnet was prepared in accordance with the preparation method of Comparative Example 5.
  • a rare earth permanent magnet having a mass ratio of [(PrQ ⁇ NdQ. ⁇ sCe sFec ⁇ AlfHCufHB) is known from the chemical formula, 32wt. / ⁇ Pr/Nd is substituted by Ce.
  • the rare earth permanent magnet is prepared according to the preparation method of Comparative Example 5. .
  • the preparation method is prepared according to the preparation method of Comparative Example 5 Rare earth permanent magnets.
  • Figure 2 shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the second group of rare earth permanent magnets
  • Table 2 shows the magnetic properties test data. From Fig. 2 and Table 2, we can find the experimental phenomena and experimental conclusions of the second group of rare earth permanent magnets and the first group, which are not described here. At the same time, comparing Tables 1 and 2, it can be found that the rare earth permanent magnet after adding Dy has higher coercive force and magnetic energy product than the rare earth permanent magnet without Dy, and exhibits superior magnetic properties.
  • FIG 3 is a backscattered scanning electron micrograph of a magnet, wherein (abc (d) is a scanning electron micrograph of Comparative Example 5, Example 4, Example 5, and Example 6, respectively.
  • the gray area in the figure is 2-14-1 phase.
  • the triangular grain boundary contains more CeFe 2 phase. It can be seen from the figure that due to the presence of the CeFe 2 phase, the grain boundary phase structure of the magnet gradually increases, and the grain boundary becomes clear.
  • FIG. 4 is an energy spectrum analysis report of Comparative Example 5 at a triangular grain boundary
  • FIG. 5 is an energy spectrum analysis report of Example 4 at a triangular grain boundary. It can be seen from the figure that a large amount of Ce and Fe elements are contained in the triangular grain boundary of the rare earth permanent magnet material, and Ce/Fe is close to 1/2. This result confirms the existence of the CeFe 2 phase, and also indicates that the CeFe 2 phase is easily accumulated in The triangular grain boundary of the rare earth permanent magnet.
  • the rare earth permanent magnet of the present invention a part of Ce is used instead of Pr or Nd, and a CeFe 2 phase is formed in the crystal phase. Since the CeFe 2 phase is a paramagnetic phase at room temperature and is distributed on the grain boundaries, it can enhance the demagnetization coupling between the phases 2-1-1, thereby enhancing the coercive force of the magnet and compensating to some extent. Since Ce enters the Nd 2 Fe 14 B phase

Abstract

本发明提供了一种稀土永磁体及其制备方法,所述稀土永磁体的质量比的分子通式为 MMa-bHREbFeeBdTMc;其中,MM代表(LRE1-xCex),且x与1-x均为质量比,LRE为 Pr 、 Nd中的一种或两种,HRE为La、Y、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Yb、Tm中的一种或几种, TM为 Al、Cu、Mn、Ga、Nb、Zr中的一种或几种,且0.24≤x≤0.6,27≤a≤36,0≤b≤10,0≤c≤3, 0.8≤d≤1.5,e=100-a-d-c-d;所述稀土永磁体的主相为2-14-1相,此外,还存在富稀土相及CeFe2相。本发明的稀土永磁体及其制备方法,使用了一部分铈取代镨或钕,使得该稀土永磁体的成本大幅下降,并保持较高的矫顽力。

Description

稀土永磁体及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及材料制造领域, 特别是涉及一种稀土永磁体及其制备方法。 背景技术
作为第三代稀土永磁材料, 具有钕铁硼(Nd2Fe14B )相结构及其类似结构的稀土永磁 材料以其优异的性能迅速应用在计算机硬盘、 核磁共振成像、 混合动力汽车、 风力发电 等领域。 目前, 我国的钕铁硼产量占据了世界的 80%以上, 这主要是由于在混合动力汽 车和风力发电等领域的强大需求。 比如, 平均每一辆混合动力汽车需要 2-3kg钕铁硼基永 磁材料, 而每兆瓦风力发电机组需要 0.5-lt钕铁硼基永磁体。
虽然钕铁硼基永磁体具有广泛的应用, 但是钕或者镨等稀土元素高昂的价格导致了 中低档的永磁体仍然保持较高的价格。 这无疑就限制了钕铁硼永磁体的应用。 众所周知, 稀土价格的高低与其在世界上存量多寡有关, 相比于钕或者镨, 含量较为丰富的铈具有 较低的价格。 因而, 使用高丰度的稀土 Ce取代 Pr/Nd, 就可以制备廉价的钕铁硼基永磁 体。 然而 Ce2Fe14B的饱和磁化强度和各向异性场较 Nd2Fe14B的低, Ce添加之后会导致 磁体的剩磁和矫顽力降低。 因此, 制备出满足应用并含有较高含量 Ce的永磁体成为当前 的技术难点和热点。 发明内容
基于上述问题, 本发明提供了一种稀土永磁体及其制备方法, 降低了稀土永磁材料的 成本, 同时, 保持了较高的矫顽力。
为达到上述技术目的, 本发明釆用如下技术方案:
一种稀土永磁体, 所述稀土永磁体的质量比分子通式为 MMa 5HREbFeeBdTMc; 其中, MM代表 (LRE XCex), 且 x与 1-x均为质量比, LRE为 Pr 、 Nd中的一种或两种, HRE为 La、 Y、 Gd、 Tb、 Dy、 Ho、 Er、 Yb、 Tm中的一种或几种, TM为 Al、 Cu、 Mn、 Ga、 Nb、 Zr中的一种或几种, 且 0.24≤x≤0.6, 27<a<36, 0≤b≤10, 0<c<3 , 0.8<d<1.5 , e=100-a-d-c-d; 所述稀土永磁体的主相为 2-14-1相, 此外, 还存在富稀土相及 CeFe2相。
在其中一个实施例中, 所述 CeFe2相分布于所述稀土永磁体内的晶界处。
在其中一个实施例中, 0.24≤x≤0.32。
一种稀土永磁体的制备方法, 包括以下步骤: (1) 配置原料: 按照 MMa_bHREbFeeBdTMe的质量配比, 配置一定量的含相应元素的 金属或合金原料;
(2)制备初始合金: 将步骤(1)得到的金属或合金原料混合后通过速凝、 快淬或感 应熔炼制备出形态为速凝片、 快淬带或铸锭的初始合金;
(3)制备合金粉: 将步骤(2)得到的初始合金通过氢破碎或者机械破碎的方式破碎 成粗粉末, 然后通过气流磨或球磨的方式将所述的粗粉末磨成细粉末, 得到合金粉;
(4)制备磁体生坯: 将步骤(3)得到的合金粉放置在一定形状的模具中, 然后在磁 场作用下取向成型, 并经过等静压处理后得到磁体生坯;
(5)制备磁体毛坯: 将步骤(4)得到的磁体生坯置于真空炉中在一定温度下烧结或 热压 1 _4h, 得到磁体毛坯;
(6)制备稀土永磁体: 将步骤(5) 中得到的磁体毛坯进行真空热处理, 即可得到稀 土永磁体。
在其中一个实施例中, 步骤(2) 中, 釆用感应熔炼制备初始合金, 感应熔炼的温度 < 1410°C。
在其中一个实施例中, 步骤( 3 ) 中得到的合金粉的平均粒度为 3 _ 5μηι。
在其中一个实施例中, 步骤( 3 ) 中, 在制备合金粉时加入少量的防氧化剂。
在其中一个实施例中, 步骤( 4 ) 中, 所述磁体生坯的密度为 2.8 - 4.5g/cm3
在其中一个实施例中, 步骤(5) 中, 烧结温度< 1050 。
在其中一个实施例中, 在步骤(6) 中, 真空热处理的过程分为两级, 第一级的温度 为 860 - 940 °C , 保温 1 - 4h, 第二级的温度为 420 - 560 °C , 保温 1 - 4h。
本发明提供的稀土永磁体, 使用了一部分铈取代镨或钕, 从成本方面考虑, 与市场上 现有的钕铁硼永磁体相比, 成本大幅下降; 从磁性能方面考虑, 该永磁体仍然保持较高的 矫顽力和较大的磁能积。 本发明的制备方法, 成功制备出了一种稀土永磁体, 保证了制备 出的稀土永磁体具有较高的矫顽力, 使其满足多方面的应用。 附图说明
图 1本发明稀土永磁体的 X射线衍射图谱, 其中, (a) - (c)分别为对照例 1 _3的 稀土永磁体的 X射线衍射图谱, ( d ) - ( f )分别为实施例 1 - 3的稀土永磁体的 X射线衍 射图谱;
图 2本发明稀土永磁体的 X射线衍射图谱, 其中, (a) - (c)分别为对照例 4-6的 稀土永磁体的 X射线衍射图谱, ( d ) - ( f )分别为实施例 4-6的稀土永磁体的 X射线衍
2 射图谱;
图 3为本发明的稀土永磁体的背散射扫描电镜照片, 其中 ( a )、 ( b )、 ( c )、 ( d )分别 为对照例 5、 实施例 4、 实施例 5、 实施例 6的扫描电镜照片;
图 4为对照例 5的稀土永磁体在三角晶界处的能谱分析报告;
图 5为实施例 4的稀土永磁体在三角晶界处的能谱分析报告;
图 6为本发明实施例 1的稀土永磁体的微观结构图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地 描述。 需要说明的是, 在不冲突的情况下, 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互 组合。
参见图 1至图 6, 本发明提供了一种稀土永磁体, 该稀土永磁体的质量比分子通式为 MMa_bHREbFeeBdTMc; 其中, MM代表 (LRE1-xCex), 且 x与 1-x均为质量比, LRE为 Pr 、 Nd中的一种或两种, HRE为 La、 Y、 Gd、 Tb、 Dy、 Ho、 Er、 Yb、 Tm中的一种或几种, TM为 Al、 Cu、 Mn、 Ga、 Nb、 Zr中的一种或几种,且 0.24≤x≤0.6, 27<a<36, 0≤b≤10, 0<c<3 , 0.8<d<1.5 , e=100-a-d-c-d„该稀土永磁体的主相为 2-14-1相,此外,还存在富稀土相及 CeFe2 相。 在其中一个实施例中, CeFe2相分布于稀土永磁体内的晶界处, 尤其是分布在三角晶 界处。 优选地, 在本发明的稀土永磁体中, Ce的取代 Pr或者 Nd的质量比 0.24≤x≤0.32。 在该取代含量下, 稀土永磁体具有相对较高的矫顽力和较大的剩磁, 能满足多方面的实际 应用, 且由于 Ce含量较多, 故而大大节约稀土永磁体的成本。
本发明的稀土永磁体, 使用了一部分 Ce取代 Pr或 Nd, 并在晶相中形成 CeFe2相。 由 于 CeFe2相是一种在室温下为顺磁性的相, 其主要分布在晶界上, 可以增强 2-14-1相间的 去磁輛合作用, 从而增强磁体的矫顽力, 在一定程度上弥补了由于 Ce进入到 2-14-1相中 引起磁体的各向异性场降低从而导致的矫顽力下降的缺陷。 同时, 由于 Ce的加入, 使得 本发明的稀土永磁体与市场上现有的钕铁硼永磁体相比, 成本大幅下降。
本发明还提供了一种上述稀土永磁体的制备方法, 包括以下步骤:
( 1 ) 配置原料: 按照 MMa 5HREbFeeBdTMe的质量配比, 配置一定量的含相应元素的 金属或合金原料, 其中, MM
Figure imgf000005_0001
且 x与 1-x均为质量比, LRE为 Pr 、 Nd 中的一种或两种, HRE为 La、 Y、 Gd、 Tb、 Dy、 Ho、 Er、 Yb、 Tm中的一种或几种, TM 为 Al、 Cu、 Mn、 Ga、 Nb、 Zr中的一种或几种, 且 0.24≤x≤0.6, 27<a<36, 0≤b≤10, 0<c<3 , 0.8<d<1.5 , e=100-a-d-c-d。 优选地, 稀土元素的原料为混合稀土合金, 例如, 可以使用含
3 有 Ce、 Pr、 Nd三种元素中至少两种元素的合金, 这样就减少了稀土的分离过程, 从而避 免了分离过程中的能耗和环境污染。
(2)制备初始合金: 将步骤(1)得到的金属或合金原料混合后通过速凝、 快淬或感 应熔炼制备出形态为速凝片、 快淬带或铸锭的初始合金。 优选地, 釆用感应熔炼制备初始 合金, 感应熔炼的温度 < 1410°C。
(3)制备合金粉: 将步骤(2)得到的初始合金通过氢破碎或者机械破碎的方式破碎 成粗粉末, 然后通过气流磨或球磨的方式将的粗粉末磨成细粉末, 制得合金粉。 优选地, 得到的合金粉的平均粒度为 3_5μηι。 较佳地, 在制备合金粉时可加入少量的防氧化剂, 如异丙醇和油酸, 以防止合金粉的氧化。
(4)制备磁体生坯: 将步骤(3)得到的合金粉放置在一定形状的模具中, 然后在磁 场作用下取向成型, 并经过等静压处理后得到磁体生坯。作为优选,磁体生坯的密度为 2.8 - 4.5g/cm3
(5)制备磁体毛坯: 将步骤(4)得到的磁体生坯置于真空炉中在一定温度下烧结或 热压 l_4h 的时间, 得到磁体毛坯。 作为一种可实施方式, 磁体生坯置于真空炉中在 < 1050°C以下温度烧结 1 _4h。 在此温度下, 富有 Ce的 2-14-1相不会熔化而破坏磁体的取 向度进而影响磁体的剩磁。
(6)制备稀土永磁体: 将步骤(5) 中得到的磁体毛坯进行真空热处理, 即可得到稀 土永磁体。 优选地, 真空热处理的过程分为两级, 第一级的温度为 860 -940 °C, 保温 1- 4h, 第二级的温度为 420- 560 °C, 保温 1 - 4h。 通过热处理, 可对稀土永磁体进行结构上 的优化, 使其晶界分布更连续, 晶界更清晰。
本发明的制备方法, 成功制备出了一种稀土永磁体, 保证了制备出的稀土永磁体具有 较高的矫顽力和较大的磁能积, 使其能满足多方面的应用。
下面就两组实验对本发明的稀土永磁材料及其制备方法做详细说明, 第一组为对照例 1 - 3及实施例 1 - 3; 第二组为对照例 4-6及实施例 4-6。
对照例 1
一种稀土永磁体, 其质量比化学式为(PrfuNdo.s DysFeesjAlf Cuf Bi, 该稀土永磁体 中不含 Ce, 其制备方法如下:
S100: 根据总质量为 2.5 kg的量配制各原料, 其中,原料使用 PrQ.2NdQ.8(质量比)合金, 纯 Fe, 纯 A1, 纯 Cu, Dy79.7Fe20.3 (质量比)合金和 B19.4Fe80.6 (质量比)合金。
S200:将 S100中配置的原料混合后放置在真空感应速凝炉中,抽真空至 2 X 10"2Pa, 然
4 后充入 300Torr的氩气, 在 1400-1410°C下进行熔炼并浇注, 制备出厚度为 300μιη的速凝 片。
S300: 将 S200得到的速凝片置于氢破碎炉中通过氢化处理破碎, 破碎过程为抽真空 一充入氢气一吸氢一脱氢一冷却, 脱氢温度在 300-800°C。
S400: 将 S300中氢化破碎后的粉末经过氮气气流磨制备出平均粒度在 3μιη左右的粉 末。
S500: 将 S300中获得的磁粉在 1800kA/m磁场下取向成型, 然后在 200Mpa下等静压 处理, 得到密度为 2-4 g/cm 的磁体生坯。
S600: 将 S500中得到的磁体生坯在真空炉中烧结, 烧结温度为 1040-1045 °C , 烧结时 间为 2h, 得到磁体毛坯。
S700: 将 S600中得到的磁体毛坯进行二级热处理工艺, 分别在 900 °C和 480 °C下真空 热处理 2h, 得到稀土永磁体。
对照例 2
一种稀土永磁体, 质量比化学式为 [(PrQjNdas^Ce^MDysFes AlfnCuQjBi , 根据该化 学式可知, 有 8wt.。/ 々 Pr/Nd被 Ce取代。
S100: 根据总质量为 2.5 kg的量配制各原料, 其中, 原料使用 Pr。.2NdQ.8 (质量比)合金, 金属 Ce, 纯 Fe, 纯 A1, 纯 Cu, Dy79.7Fe20.3 (质量比)合金和 B19.4Fe80.6 (质量比)合金。
其余步骤同对照例 1,得到稀土永磁体。
对照例 3
一种稀土永磁体, 质量比化学式为 [(PrQ^Ndas^Cew sDysFe^AlfHCufuBi , 由此化学 式可知, 有 16wt.。/ 々 Pr/Nd被 Ce取代。 按照对照例 2的制备方法制备该稀土永磁体。
实施例 1
一种稀土永磁体, 质量比化学式为 [(P^NdQ.^eCe^ DysFee^AlcuCufHB 由此化学 式可知, 有 24wt.。/ 々 Pr/Nd被 Ce取代。 按照对照例 2的制备方法制备该稀土永磁体。
图 6为实施例 1的稀土永磁体的微观结构图, 由图可知, 该稀土永磁体包括 2 - 14 - 1 相、 CeFe2相和富稀土相, 其中, CeFe2相主要分布于稀土永磁体内的三角晶界处。
实施例 2
一种稀土永磁体, 质量比化学式为 [(PrQ^Ndas Ce^^DysFe^AlfuCufuBi , 由此化学 式可知, 有 32wt.。/ 々 Pr/Nd被 Ce取代。 按照对照例 2的制备方法制备该稀土永磁体。
实施例 3 一种稀土永磁体, 质量比化学式为 [(P^NdQ^QCeeQ .sDysFe^AlcuCufHBi , 由此化学 式可知, 有 60wt. / 々 Pr/Nd被 Ce取代。 按照对照例 2的制备方法制备该稀土永磁体。
图 1为第一组稀土永磁体的 X射线衍射图谱, 在该组样品中, (a )为对照例 1的衍射 图谱, 其为空白对照样, 成相为 2-14-1相。 (b ) _ ( f)为掺 Ce的稀土永磁体的衍射图谱, 在 Ce取代 Pr/Nd的百分比为 8^.%和 16 wt.%时, 未出现 CeFe2的衍射峰; 随着 Ce含量的 增多, 在 Ce取代 Pr/Nd的百分比为 24wt.%时, 出现 CeFe2的衍射峰; 随着 Ce含量的继续 增多, 出现较明显的 CeFe2的衍射峰, 且在 24wt.% - 60wt.o/ 々范围内, CeFe2的衍射峰逐 渐增强, 说明在此范围内, 随着 Ce含量的增多, CeFe2在稀土永磁体中的含量逐渐增多。 同时, 由衍射图谱可以看出,从 ) - ( f),衍射峰位向大角度偏移,说明 Ce进入了 2-14-1 相的晶格, 导致晶格常数变小。
表 1为对照例 1 - 3和实施例 1 - 3的稀土永磁体的磁学性能测试数据, 其中, Br代表 剩磁, Hcj代表矫顽力, BHmax代表最大磁能积。
表 1
Figure imgf000008_0001
观察对照例 1 - 3 , 在稀土永磁体中掺入 Ce后, 磁体的剩磁下降, 矫顽力降低, 且随 着 Ce含量的升高,稀土永磁体的矫顽力减小这是由于 Ce进入了 2-14-1相的晶格,导致该 相饱和磁化强度、 各向异性场降低而引起的。
观察对照例 3及实施例 1 - 3的稀土永磁体的磁学性能数据, 随着 Ce含量增加, 稀土 永磁体矫顽力的值会出现先升高再降低的现象。 这是由于随着 Ce含量增加, 稀土永磁体 中出现 CeFe2相所致。 CeFe2是一种在室温下显示为顺磁性材料的相, 分布在晶界上, 可以 增强 2-14-1相间的去磁輛合作用, 从而增强磁体的矫顽力; 但是 Ce浓度升高到一定程度 后, 由于 CeFe2造成的矫顽力的升高不足以弥补由于 Ce导致的各向异性场降低的缺陷。 因 此, 矫顽力的值会出现先升高再降低的现象。 同时, 在 Ce取代 Pr/Nd的质量百分含量为
24wt.% _ 32wt.%时, 稀土永磁体具有较优良的磁学性能, 可满足多方面的应用, 且在此范
6 围内, Ce的百分含量较高, 因此, 整体的稀土永磁体的成本大大降低。
对照例 4
一种稀土永磁体, 其质量比化学式为(PrQ^NdQ.s o.sFessjAltnCuiuBi , 该稀土永磁体 Ce 的百分含量为 Owt.%, 其制备方法如下:
S100: 根据总质量为 2.5 kg的量配制各原料, 其中,原料使用 Pr。.2Nd。.8 (质量比)合金, 纯 Cu, 纯 A1, 纯 Fe, B19.4Fe8Q.6 (质量比)合金。
S200:将 S100中配置的原料混合后放置在真空感应速凝炉中,抽真空至 2 X 10"2Pa, 然 后充入 300Torr的氩气, 在 1390-1400 °C下进行熔炼并浇注, 制备出厚度为 300μηι的速凝 片。
S300: 将 S200得到的速凝片置于氢破碎炉中通过氢化处理破碎, 破碎过程为抽真空 一充入氢气一吸氢一脱氢一冷却, 脱氢温度在 300-800°C。
S400: 将 S300中氢化破碎后的粉末经过氮气气流磨制备出平均粒度在 3μηι左右的粉 末。
S500: 将 S300中获得的磁粉在 1800kA/m磁场下取向成型, 然后在 200Mpa下等静压 处理, 得到密度为 3-4 g/cm3的磁体生坯。
S600: 将 S500中得到的磁体生坯在真空炉中烧结, 烧结温度为 1020-1040°C , 烧结时 间为 2h, 得到磁体毛坯。
S700: 将 S600中得到的磁体毛坯进行二级热处理工艺, 分别在 900 °C和 500 °C下真空 热处理 2h, 得到稀土永磁体。
对照例 5
一种稀土永磁体,质量比化学式为 [(PrQ^NdQ.s^CeshQ.sFe^AlfuCufHBi ,根据该化学式 可知, 有 8wt.°/ 々 Pr/Nd被 Ce取代。
S100: 根据总质量为 2.5 kg的量配制各原料, 其中,原料使用 Pr。.2Nd。.8 (质量比)合金, 金属 Ce, 纯 A1, 纯 Fe, 纯 Cu, B19.4Fe8。.6 (质量比)合金。
其余步骤同对照例 4,得到稀土永磁体。
对照例 6
一种稀土永磁体, 质量比为化学式 [(Pr^Ndo.s^Ce^ sFe jAlfuCufHBi , 由此化学式 可知, 有 16wt.。/ 々 Pr/Nd被 Ce取代。 按照对照例 5的制备方法制备该稀土永磁体。
实施例 4
一种稀土永磁体, 质量比化学式:
Figure imgf000009_0001
, 由此化学式 可知, 有 24wt. / 々 Pr/Nd被 Ce取代。 按照对照例 5的制备方法制备该稀土永磁体。
实施例 5
一种稀土永磁体, 质量比化学式为 [(PrQ^NdQ.^sCe sFec^AlfHCufHB 由此化学式 可知, 有 32wt. / 々 Pr/Nd被 Ce取代。 按照对照例 5的制备方法制备该稀土永磁体。
实施例 6
一种稀土永磁体, 质量比化学式为 [(PrQ^NdQ. QCee^Q.sFe^AlfuCuiHBi , 由此化学式 可知, 有 60wt. / 々 Pr/Nd被 Ce取代。 按照对照例 5的制备方法制备该稀土永磁体。
图 2为第二组稀土永磁体的 X射线衍射图谱, 表 2为其磁学性能测试数据。 由图 2和 表 2可发现第二组稀土永磁体与第一组类同的实验现象及实验结论, 这里不——赘述。 同 时, 对比表 1和表 2可发现, 加入 Dy后的稀土永磁体与不加 Dy的稀土永磁体相比, 具有 更高的矫顽力和磁能积, 表现为更优良的磁学性能。
表 2
Figure imgf000010_0001
图 3为磁体背散射扫描电镜照片, 其中 (a b c ( d )分别为对照例 5、 实施 例 4、 实施例 5、 实施例 6的扫描电镜照片。 图中的灰色区域为 2-14-1相, 三角晶界处含 有较多的 CeFe2相。 由图可发现, 由于有 CeFe2相的存在, 磁体的晶界相结构逐渐变多, 晶界逐渐清晰。
图 4为对照例 5在三角晶界处的能谱分析报告, 图 5为实施例 4在三角晶界处的能谱 分析报告。 由图可见, 在稀土永磁材料的三角晶界处含有大量的 Ce和 Fe元素, 且 Ce/Fe 接近 1/2 , 此结果证实了 CeFe2相的存在, 同时也说明 CeFe2相容易聚集在稀土永磁体的三 角晶界处。
本发明的稀土永磁体, 使用了一部分 Ce取代 Pr或 Nd, 并在晶相中形成 CeFe2相。 由 于 CeFe2相是一种在室温下显示为顺磁性相, 分布在晶界上, 可以增强 2-14- 1相间的去磁 耦合作用, 从而增强磁体的矫顽力, 在一定程度上弥补了由于 Ce进入到 Nd2Fe14B相中引
8 起 2-14-1相各向异性场降低从而导致的矫顽力降低的缺陷。 同时, 由于 Ce的使用, 使得 本发明的稀土永磁体与市场上现有的钕铁硼永磁体相比, 成本大幅下降。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式, 其描述较为具体和详细, 但并不能 因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说, 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下, 还可以做出若干变形和改进, 这些都属于本发明的保护范 围。 因此, 本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
9

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种稀土永磁体, 其特征在于, 所述稀土永磁体的质量比分子通式为 MMa_bHREbFeeBdTMc;
其中,
Figure imgf000012_0001
且 x与 1-x均为质量比, LRE为 Pr 、 Nd中的一种或两 种, HRE为 La、 Y、 Gd、 Tb、 Dy、 Ho、 Er、 Yb、 Tm中的一种或几种, TM为 Al、 Cu、 Mn、 Ga、 Nb、 Zr中的一种或几种, 且 0.24≤x≤0.6, 27<a<36, 0<b<10, 0<c<3, 0.8≤d≤1.5, e=100-a-d-c-d;
所述稀土永磁体的主相为 2-14-1相, 此外, 还存在富稀土相及 CeFe2相。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的稀土永磁体, 其特征在于, 所述 CeFe2相分布于所述稀土永 磁体内的晶界处。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的稀土永磁体, 其特征在于, 0.24≤x≤0.32。
4、 一种稀土永磁体的制备方法, 其特征在于, 包括以下步骤:
(1) 配置原料: 按照 MMa 5HREbFeeBdTMe的质量配比, 配置一定量的含相应元素的 金属或合金原料;
(2)制备初始合金: 将步骤(1)得到的金属或合金原料混合后通过速凝、 快淬或感 应熔炼制备出形态为速凝片、 快淬带或铸锭的初始合金;
(3)制备合金粉: 将步骤(2)得到的初始合金通过氢破碎或者机械破碎的方式破碎 成粗粉末, 然后通过气流磨或球磨的方式将所述的粗粉末磨成细粉末, 得到合金粉;
(4)制备磁体生坯: 将步骤(3)得到的合金粉放置在一定形状的模具中, 然后在磁 场作用下取向成型, 并经过等静压处理后得到磁体生坯;
(5)制备磁体毛坯: 将步骤(4)得到的磁体生坯置于真空炉中在一定温度下烧结或 热压 lh_4h, 得到磁体毛坯;
(6)制备稀土永磁体: 将步骤(5) 中得到的磁体毛坯进行真空热处理, 即可得到稀 土永磁体。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 步骤(2) 中, 釆用感应熔炼制备 初始合金, 感应熔炼的温度 < 1410°C。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 步骤(3) 中得到的合金粉的平均 粒度为 3μηι - 5μηι。
7、 根据权利要求 4所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 步骤(3) 中, 在制备合金粉时加
10 入少量的防氧化剂。
8、 根据权利要求 4所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 步骤(4) 中, 所述磁体生坯的密 度为 2.8 g/cm3 - 4.5g/cm3
9、 根据权利要求 4所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 步骤(5)中, 烧结温度< 1050 。
10、 根据权利要求 4 所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 在步骤(6) 中, 真空热处理的 过程分为两级, 第一级的温度为 860°C - 940°C, 保温 lh- 4h, 第二级的温度为 420°C - 560 °C, 保温 lh_4h。
11
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CN107578869B (zh) * 2016-07-05 2020-03-17 中国科学院物理研究所 一种混合稀土-铁基永磁材料及其制备方法和应用
JP2020095989A (ja) * 2017-03-30 2020-06-18 Tdk株式会社 希土類磁石及び回転機
CN108922710B (zh) 2018-07-18 2020-03-20 钢铁研究总院 一种高韧性、高矫顽力含Ce烧结稀土永磁体及其制备方法
CN110148507B (zh) * 2019-05-23 2020-10-16 钢铁研究总院 一种含REFe2相的晶界扩散铈磁体及其制备方法
CN111223628B (zh) * 2020-02-26 2022-02-01 厦门钨业股份有限公司 钕铁硼磁体材料、原料组合物、制备方法、应用
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CN115274242A (zh) * 2022-08-30 2022-11-01 烟台东星磁性材料股份有限公司 铈添加re-t-b-m系烧结钕铁硼磁体
CN115831519B (zh) * 2023-02-14 2023-05-12 宁波守正磁电有限公司 一种烧结钕铁硼永磁体
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