Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
  • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
  • A61J1/00—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes
  • A61J1/03—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes for pills or tablets
  • A61J1/035—Blister-type containers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
  • B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
  • B65B7/00—Closing containers or receptacles after filling
  • B65B7/16—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
  • B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
  • B65D65/42—Applications of coated or impregnated materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
  • B65D75/28—Articles or materials wholly enclosed in composite wrappers, i.e. wrappers formed by associating or interconnecting two or more sheets or blanks
  • B65D75/30—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding
  • B65D75/32—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding one or both sheets or blanks being recessed to accommodate contents
  • B65D75/36—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding one or both sheets or blanks being recessed to accommodate contents one sheet or blank being recessed and the other formed of relatively stiff flat sheet material, e.g. blister packages, the recess or recesses being preformed
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
  • D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
  • D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
  • D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
  • D21H19/56—Macromolecular organic compounds or oligomers thereof obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
  • D21H19/80—Paper comprising more than one coating
  • D21H19/82—Paper comprising more than one coating superposed
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
  • D21H27/10—Packing paper

Definitions

• the invention is directed to a lidding material that can be used in blister packaging and the like.
• so called blister packaging is typically used to package small articles, such as single dose units of pills or other pharmaceuticals, as well as chewing gum or other sweets.
• This type of packaging comprises a so called lidding foil, which is adhered to a polymeric "blister", i.e. a sheet of polymeric material that is formed to have pockets that can hold the articles individually.
• the contents of the bhster packaging can be removed from the packaging by pressing against the polymeric blister sheet at the location of the pocket until the covering lidding foil is broken through.
• this type of blister packaging is known as a push-through type.
• Two key requirements of the push-through type blister packaging are that (i) the lidding foil is sufficiently brittle that it breaks when the contents in the pockets are pressed against it and that (ii) the polymeric blister sheet is sufficiently malleable that it can be deformed, for instance, with a thumb.
• Blister packaging most frequently used by manufacturers are easy to produce, meet the shelf-life requirements of its contents by providing a complete barrier to air and moisture, and prevent tampering. Further, the lidding foil used in the bhster packaging must be readily printable such that specific information can be printed on the back of each individual pocket for the benefit of the consumer and the manufacturer.
• One of the most commonly manufactured type of blister packaging comprises a lidding foil, typically aluminium foil, to which a heat seal lacquer is applied.
• Polymers typically used in the polymeric blister sheet include polyvinyl chloride (PVC), PVC coated with polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), cyclic olefin copolymers (COC) and polypropylene (PP).
• PCTFE, PVC coated with PVDC, and PP are more preferred, due to having better moisture and air barrier properties, as well as being more inert than for example PVC only.
• WO-A-2009/105858 describes a lidding foil for blister packaging.
• the lidding foil of WO-A-2009/105858 comprises an aluminium foil layer on which one or more layers of both a tie layer and a sealant layer are applied by extrusion coating resulting in a lidding foil with improved barrier and inert properties.
• the disadvantage of this lidding foil is that the use of an aluminium foil makes it both expensive and difficult to recycle.
• a further disadvantage is that aluminium is difficult to print on.
• aluminium is generally not considered to be a renewable material.
• US-A-2010/0170820 incorporated herein in its entirety, describes a paper-based lidding material for blister packaging, which lidding material comprises a paper layer upon which is a barrier layer containing cyclic olefin copolymers (COC).
• US-A-2010/0170820 describes that the lidding material may be produced either by extrusion coating or laminating the paper layer with one or more layers of a barrier layer containing cyclic olefin copolymers.
• the disadvantage of using the lidding material of US-A- 2010/0170820 is that it is prone to delamination. Delamination of the protective barrier layer results in the lidding material not providing an effective air and moisture barrier in the blister packaging which shortens the shelf-life of the contents.
• a further disadvantage is that the lidding material is sensitive to handling. As such, the lidding material would be more prone to damage during shipping and handling which would
• IN-A-1239/MUM/2006 describes a paper based lidding material for blister packs comprising a paper layer coated with at least one barrier coat and a heat sealing coat on one side and an optical lacquer coat on the other side. Neither the Mullen burst strength nor the tear strength of these lidding materials are described in IN-A-1239/MUM/2006.
• a lidding material can be improved, but also its printability may be improved, in particular if a lidding material is used comprising a base paper on which is present a latex coating.
• a lidding material has a high content of renewable material and is much more easy to recycle.
• the invention is directed to a lidding material for blister packaging comprising a base paper on which is present a pre-barrier layer and a latex coating, wherein the pre-barrier layer is present between the base paper and the latex coating, wherein the lidding material has a Mullen burst strength between about 80 and 200 kPa, as defined by ISO standard 2758, a tear strength between about 100 and 400 mN, as defined by ISO standard 1974, and a water vapour transmission rate of ⁇ 4 g/m 2 /day (determined at a temperature of 38 °C and at a relative humidity of 100 %, as defined by ASTM F 1249), and wherein the lidding material optionally further comprises a sealant layer adjacent to the latex coating.
• the pre-barrier layer and the latex coating, and optionally the sealant layer of the lidding material according to the invention act together to seal the base paper such that the water vapour permeability and porosity of the base paper is significantly reduced thus providing the lidding material with good barrier properties.
• the lidding material of the invention typically comprises one or more layers of the latex coating.
• latex as defined herein, is a stable dispersion (emulsion) of polymer microp articles in an aqueous medium.
• the latex coating may suitably comprises a water-dispersible polymer selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, acrylic polymers, polyvinyl acetate, PVDC, PCTFE, COC and combinations thereof.
• the latex coating comprises PVDC and/or PCTFE.
• the latex coating typically used has a weight of from 5 to 50 g/m 2 , preferably of from 10 to 40 g/m 2 , and most preferably of from 15 to 30 g/m 2 .
• the lidding material of the invention typically comprises one or more layers of the pre-barrier layer coating.
• the pre-barrier layer which may be used comprises an acrylic based binder and optionally one or more pigments.
• the advantage of the lidding material having a pre-barrier layer is that the pre-barrier layer not only strengthens the base paper but also provides a closed surface structure.
• the base paper coated with the pre-barrier layer has a Bendtsen porosity of 0 ml/min, as defined by ISO standard 5636-3.
• the acrylic based binders which may be used in the pre-barrier layer include polyacrylates comprising alkyl acrylates, and/or polyalkyl methacrylates, wherein the alkyl group has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and combinations thereof.
• Suitable polyacrylates may further comprise styrene and/or vinyl acetate.
• the polyacrylates may be chosen from one or more homopolymers, copolymers (e.g. block copolymers, random copolymers and graft copolymers), mixtures, composites, cross- linking and blends of the above-mentioned polyacrylates.
• the acrylic based binder used in the pre-barrier layer has a viscosity of between about 100 and 400 mPa s, as measured by a Brookfield viscometer using a spindle no. 2 at 100 rpm and at a temperature of 45 °C.
• the pre-barrier layer may further comprise co-binders such as starch, casein, protein, polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol and combinations thereof.
• the one or more pigments which may be present in the pre- barrier layer include inorganic pigments, preferably plate-like (i.e. lamellar) inorganic pigments for example, mica, aluminum silicates (e.g. kaolin (also known as china clay)), magnesium silicates (e.g. talc), iron oxides and the like.
• inorganic pigments preferably plate-like (i.e. lamellar) inorganic pigments for example, mica, aluminum silicates (e.g. kaolin (also known as china clay)), magnesium silicates (e.g. talc), iron oxides and the like.
• the pre-barrier layer may further comprise one or more additives, such as water retentions aids, rheology modifiers, sizing agents and the like.
• the lidding material according to the invention may further comprise one or more layers of the optional sealant layer.
• the sealant layer may comprise polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene (PP),
• PHAs polyhydroxyalkanoates
• PLA amorphous polylactide
• PLA waxes
• PGA polyglycolic acid
• EP ethylene- propylene
• PB propylene-butylene
• EB ethylene-butylene
• EVA ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer
• EVA ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer
• butyl methacrylate polymer vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-ethylene terpolymer and combinations thereof.
• the sealant layer comprises a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate- ethylene terpolymer.
• the optional sealant layer of the lidding paper of the invention has a weight of 5-20 g/m 2 , and preferably 5-15 g/m 2 .
• Base papers suitable to be used in the lidding material according to the invention typically comprise cellulose and one or more additives.
• Suitable additives which may be present in the base paper include filler pigments, wet strength agents, cross-linking agents, retention aids, fixing aids, colour pigments, dyes and combinations thereof.
• the types of cellulose which may be used in the base paper include softwood cellulose, hardwood cellulose and mixtures thereof.
• the base paper used has a weight of from 30 to 100 g/m 2 , preferably of from 30 to 80 g/m 2 , and most preferably of from 35 to 60 g/m 2 .
• the Mullen burst strength and the tear resistance of the base paper act cooperatively within an operating window. More specifically, base paper with a higher burst value typically require a lower tear strength value for a good push-through experience. Conversely, base paper with a lower Mullen burst value, typically require a higher tear strength value to prevent the package from damage.
• the Mullen burst strength of the lidding material according to the invention is typically between about 80 and 200 kPa, and preferably between about 100 and 180 kPa, as defined by ISO standard 2758.
• the Mullen burst strength is measured by means of a Mullen tester.
• a test specimen such as the lidding material, is held between annular clamps, and is subjected to an increasing pressure by a rubber diaphragm, which is expanded by hydraulic pressure at a controlled rate, until the test specimen ruptures. The pressure reading at the instant of rupture is recorded as the bursting strength.
• the tear strength of the lidding material according to the invention is typically between about 100 and 400 mN, and preferably between about 200 and 300 mN, as defined by ISO standard 1974.
• the term "tear strength”, as used herein, encompasses both the tear strength in the machine direction (MD), and the tear strength cross the machine direction (CD).
• the tear strength is determined by means of an Elmendorf device, wherein a falling pendulum tears a test specimen e.g. the lidding material. The force that is needed to tear the test specimen is then calculated from the energy of the pendulum.
• the water vapour transmission rate of the lidding material of the invention is typically ⁇ 4 g/m 2 /day, and preferably 1-3 g/m 2 /day, determined at a temperature of 38 °C and at a relative humidity of 100 %, as defined by ASTM F1249.
• the water vapour transmission rate is an important parameter for blister packaging, in particular when used for packaging water sensitive articles, such as food and pharmaceuticals.
• Such blister packaging must have a sufficiently low water vapour transmission rate that the required quality, safety and shelf -life requirements of the articles are met. These requirements are advantageously met by the lidding material of the invention.
• US-A-2010/0170820 describes measuring the water vapor transmission rate of different lidding material for blister packaging. However, US-A-2010/0170820 does not describe the temperature or the relative humidity under which these measurements are determined.
• a further advantage of the lidding material according to the invention is that it can be sealed to a variety of polymeric blister sheets, and is particularly useful for blister packaging and the like.
• the invention is directed to a blister packaging comprising a lidding material according to the invention sealed to a polymeric blister sheet.
• Suitable polymeric blister sheets which may be used in the blister package according to the invention comprise a polymer selected from the group consisting of non-plasticized PVC, PVC coated with PVDC, PET, PCTFE, COC, polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), PP, polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), amorphous polyethylene terephthalate (APET) and combinations thereof.
• the polymer selected is PVC, PVC coated with PVDC, PCTFE, PETG, APET and/or PP.
• the invention is directed to a process for preparing a lidding material for blister packaging, wherein a pre-barrier layer is applied onto a base paper by means of a coating process, wherein a latex coating is then applied onto the pre-barrier layer on the base paper by means of a further coating process and wherein optionally a sealant layer is subsequently applied onto the latex coating by means of a further coating process.
• both the pre-barrier layer and the latex coating is applied onto the smooth side of the base paper.
• the smooth side of the paper is normally the side of a paper which does touch the wire on the paper machine during the paper making process.
• Suitable means of coating the base paper with the latex coating include the reverse gravure coating process, the rod coating process, the screen coating process, the curtain coating process, and the like.
• the coating process used is the reverse gravure coating process.
• the advantage of using of the reverse gravure coating process is that it allows a relatively thin layer of the latex coating to be applied onto the base paper, because of the contour-following principle made use of in this process.
• the pre- barrier layer Prior to applying the latex coating to the base paper, the pre- barrier layer is applied to the smooth side of the base paper. This can be done by a coating process, such as the size press treatment.
• the optional sealant layer may be applied onto the latex coating by means of any one of the coating processes mentioned above which are suitable for applying the latex coating.
• the coating process used is the same as that used for applying the latex coating.
• the invention is directed to a process for preparing blister packaging comprising sealing a lidding material according to the invention to a polymeric blister sheet containing one or more articles.
• Suitable apparatuses for preparing blister packaging according to the invention include sealing machines and standard packaging machines.
• polymeric blister sheets typically used in the process for preparing a blister package of the invention are the same as those mentioned above.
• the one or more articles contained within the blister packaging according to the invention may suitable be selected from the group consisting of pharmaceuticals in the form of pills, tablets, and capsules; and non-pharmaceuticals including chewing gum, sweets, vitamins, and dietary or nutritional supplements.
• the lidding material of the invention can be used in a variety of applications. Especially preferred is that the lidding material is used in the production of blister packaging for pharmaceuticals in the form of pills, tablets, capsules and the like; and also for non- pharmaceuticals, such as chewing gum, sweets, vitamins, and dietary or nutritional supplements and various other goods like disposable contact lenses or hearing aid batteries.
• the lidding material may also be used to seal containers for food and beverages, for instance, yoghurts, puddings, custards, gelatins, fruit sauces/juices, cheese spreads, dips and dairy based beverages.
• the lidding material may be used in single use sachets for food condiments including mustard, tomato sauce, mayonnaise and the like; and for cosmetics samples, such as make-up, perfume, shampoo, moisturizes and sunscreen.
• Figure 1 shows schematically a lidding material according to the invention comprising a (1) a base paper, (2) a pre-barrier layer, (3) a latex coating and (4) an optional sealant layer.
• Figure 2 shows a photograph of two types of blister packaging.
• the blister packaging on the left-hand side of the photograph corresponds to a known type which comprises an aluminium lidding.
• the one on the right- hand side of the photograph corresponds to the blister packaging according to the invention.
• Blister lidding paper examples 1-9 were prepared using a base paper produced exclusively from chemical pulp and consisting of about 90 wt. % short fibers and about 10 wt. % of long fibers, refined to a beating degree of around 24 degrees, as measured with a Schopper Riegler tester.
• the base paper used also consisted of a filler based on calcium carbonate in an amount of about 5 to 10 wt. %.
• Examples 1-9 were coated offline with a latex coating by reverse gravure roll coating.
• the latex coating was applied as a water based PVDC dispersion.
• Examples 2-9 were also coated with a pre-barrier layer using a size press, prior to coating with the latex coating.
• the pre-barrier layer was applied as a kaolin clay- dispersion with a styrene-acrylic based binder and rheology-modifiers based on polyacrylamide.
• the application of the pre- barrier layer on the base paper resulted in a closed surface structure of the paper, which had a Bendtsen porosity of 0 ml/min, as defined by ISO standard 5636-3.
• Examples 4, 6 and 7 were also coated offline with a sealant layer using reverse gravure roll coating.
• the sealant layer consisted of a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-ethylene terpolymer.
• Example 8 was sealed against a pre-formed PVDC coated PVC blister sheet in a blister packaging machine, wherein the thickness of the PVDC coating was 40 ⁇ and the PVC blister sheet was 250 ⁇ , respectively.
• Example 9 was sealed against a pre-formed PET-GAG (i.e. co-extruded film with three layers consisting of PETG-APET-PETG) blister sheet, also having a thickness of 250 m.
• the pockets of the blister package examples were filled with chewing gum dragees.
• Reference examples 1-3 correspond to LT5008 winpak, and two types of aluminium alloy AA8079 temper H 20 foil each having 1.5 g/m 2 print primer and 7 g/m 2 heat seal lacquer with a total weight of 65g/m 2 and 51 g/m 2 , respectively.
• Reference example 4 corresponds to the claimed values of the blister packaging of US-2010/0170820 in which the conditions under which the WVTR value were measured are not described.
• Reference example 5 corresponds to a blister sheet comprising PVC having a thickness of 250 ⁇ .
• the Mullen burst (MB) strength of the blister packaging was measured using ISO standard 2758.
• the tear strength MD and the tear strength CD was measured according to ISO standard 1974.
• the WVTR was measured at a temperature of 38 °C and at a relative humidity of 100 %, as defined by ASTM F1249.
• the push-through-experience was determined by pressing on the blister and comparing the experience with a conventional aluminium blister packaging.
• the experience description is based on the force needed to be applied to burst the pocket by a thumb, the shape of the burst at the pocket, and whether only one pocket opened, i.e. no other pockets in the blister packaging were also opened. Table 1

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Packages (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Wrappers (AREA)

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• 2014
  • 2014-09-30 NO NO14784550A patent/NO3052700T3/no unknown
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  • 2014-09-30 ES ES14784550.7T patent/ES2643824T3/es active Active
  • 2014-09-30 SI SI201430423T patent/SI3052700T1/en unknown
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  • 2014-09-30 WO PCT/NL2014/050666 patent/WO2015050438A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2014-09-30 CN CN201480065620.1A patent/CN106414846B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2014-09-30 EP EP14784550.7A patent/EP3052700B1/en not_active Not-in-force
  • 2014-09-30 US US15/026,554 patent/US9487918B2/en active Active
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