WO2015045609A1 - Système de déshumidification - Google Patents

Système de déshumidification Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015045609A1
WO2015045609A1 PCT/JP2014/069951 JP2014069951W WO2015045609A1 WO 2015045609 A1 WO2015045609 A1 WO 2015045609A1 JP 2014069951 W JP2014069951 W JP 2014069951W WO 2015045609 A1 WO2015045609 A1 WO 2015045609A1
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Prior art keywords
temperature
inverter
heat
humidity
power generation
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PCT/JP2014/069951
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
渡邊　浩之
菊池　宏成
彰悟 吉良
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株式会社日立製作所
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Publication of WO2015045609A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015045609A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
    • B01D53/261—Drying gases or vapours by adsorption
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/49—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring ensuring correct operation, e.g. by trial operation or configuration checks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/1411—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant
    • F24F3/1423—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant with a moving bed of solid desiccants, e.g. a rotary wheel supporting solid desiccants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
    • B01D2253/108—Zeolites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/80—Water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/06—Polluted air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
    • B01D2259/4009—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating using hot gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/85—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using variable-flow pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F24F2005/0064—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground using solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/20—Humidity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2130/00—Control inputs relating to environmental factors not covered by group F24F2110/00
    • F24F2130/20—Sunlight

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dehumidification system that dehumidifies using an adsorbent.
  • a dehumidifier in which moisture contained in air is adsorbed with an adsorbent to dehumidify, and hot air is fed to regenerate the adsorbent.
  • a technique for regenerating an adsorbent using solar heat is known.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a solar collector that collects sunlight and heats air, a heated air transport fan that blows air heated by the solar collector to a desiccant rotor, and the heating And an air conditioner including a control unit that controls the amount of air blown by the air transport fan.
  • the adsorbent of the desiccant rotor may be properly regenerated even if the rotational speed of the heated air transport fan is reduced.
  • the invention described in Patent Document 1 is not configured in consideration of such points, and there is room for further improving the energy efficiency of the entire system.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an energy efficient dehumidification system.
  • a dehumidification system is based on an evaluation function calculated by subtracting the power consumption of the entire system from the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation panel.
  • the drive is controlled. Details will be described in an embodiment for carrying out the invention.
  • the present invention can provide an energy efficient dehumidification system.
  • SIGMA total power consumption
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a dehumidification system according to the present embodiment.
  • the dehumidification system S is a system that collects solar heat when performing solar power generation and uses it as a heat source for regenerating the adsorbent of the dehumidifier 10.
  • the dehumidification system S includes a processing side system 100 that adsorbs moisture contained in air by the desiccant rotor 11 and dehumidifies, and a regeneration side system 200 that sends hot air to the desiccant rotor 11 that has adsorbed moisture to regenerate (desorb). I have.
  • the dehumidification system S is provided with sensors, such as the solar radiation sensor 301, and the control apparatus 400 (refer FIG. 2).
  • the dehumidifier 10 dehumidifies the air (gas) sent from the processing fan 103 and supplies the dehumidified air to the room K (air-conditioned space).
  • the dehumidifier 10 includes a desiccant rotor 11 and a housing 12.
  • the desiccant rotor 11 has a function of regenerating the adsorbent by adsorbing moisture from the air toward the room K with the adsorbent in the treatment area A1 and desorbing the adsorbed moisture in the regeneration area A2.
  • the adsorbent include a silica gel agent and a zeolite agent.
  • the desiccant rotor 11 has a disk shape, and is installed so that the flow direction of air sent from the processing fan 103 or the like (left and right direction on the paper surface) and the radial direction of the disk (up and down direction on the paper surface) are substantially perpendicular. Has been.
  • the desiccant rotor 11 is rotatably supported in a state where substantially half of the circular surface is exposed in the processing area A1 and the other half is exposed in the reproduction area A2.
  • the desiccant rotor 11 rotates in the housing 12 by driving a motor (not shown) according to a command from the control device 400.
  • the housing 12 divides the processing area A1 and the reproduction area A2 with a partition wall 12a and accommodates the following devices. That is, the housing 12 accommodates the processing fan 103, the chilled water heat exchanger 104, the desiccant rotor 11, and the chilled water heat exchanger 105 in order from the upstream side in the processing area A1 (toward the right side in the drawing). Further, the housing 12 accommodates the regeneration fan 203, the hot water heat exchanger 205, and the desiccant rotor 11 in order from the upstream side in the regeneration area A2 (leftward in the drawing).
  • the inlet of the processing area A1 communicates with the room K via the ducts d1 and d2, and is opened outside the system via the duct d3.
  • the outlet of the processing area A1 communicates with the room K through a duct d4.
  • the inlet of the regeneration area A2 communicates with the room K through the ducts d1 and d5, and is opened outside the system through the duct d6.
  • the outlet of the regeneration area A2 is opened outside the system through a duct d7.
  • the processing system 100 includes a refrigerator 101, a cold water pump 102, a processing fan 103, and cold water heat exchangers 104 and 105.
  • the refrigerator 101 is, for example, a turbo refrigerator that uses a well-known refrigeration cycle, and is a cold source that supplies cold to the air fed from the processing fan 103.
  • Cold water heat exchangers 104 and 105 are connected to the refrigerator 101 in parallel via pipes e1 and e2.
  • the chilled water pump 102 is a pump that pumps a predetermined amount of chilled water from the refrigerator 101 toward the chilled water heat exchangers 104 and 105 in accordance with a command from the control device 400.
  • the processing fan 103 is a fan that sucks air through the ducts d2 and d3 and sends air toward the desiccant rotor 11 in the processing area A1.
  • the processing fan 103 is installed at a predetermined position (upstream part) of the processing area A1, and is driven according to a command from the control device 400.
  • the cold water heat exchanger 104 (second heat exchanger) is a heat exchanger that cools the air by exchanging heat between the cold water flowing through itself and the air sent from the processing fan 103.
  • the cold water heat exchanger 104 is interposed between the processing fan 103 and the desiccant rotor 11 in the processing area A1.
  • the cold water heat exchanger 105 (second heat exchanger) is a heat exchanger that cools the air by exchanging heat between the cold water flowing through itself and the air dehumidified by the desiccant rotor 11.
  • the cold water heat exchanger 105 is installed on the downstream side of the desiccant rotor 11 in the processing area A1. That is, in this embodiment, the two cold water heat exchangers 104 and 105 are installed so as to sandwich the desiccant rotor 11, and the air sent from the processing fan 103 is cooled in two stages.
  • the “second circulation flow path” disposed so as to pass through the chilled water heat exchangers 104 and 105 includes the pipe e1, the heat transfer tubes of the chilled water heat exchangers 104 and 105, and the pipe e2. .
  • the above-described refrigerator 101 has a function of adjusting the temperature of the cold water flowing through the second circulation channel.
  • the regeneration-side system 200 includes a solar power generation unit 201, a hot water pump 202, a regeneration fan 203, an inverter 204, and a hot water heat exchanger 205.
  • the solar power generation unit 201 has a function of collecting solar heat while performing solar power generation.
  • the solar power generation unit 201 includes a solar power generation panel 201a that generates power by being irradiated with sunlight, and a heat recovery device 201b that recovers solar heat using hot water (heat medium).
  • the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a has a plurality of solar cell modules (not shown) that convert light energy of sunlight into electrical energy. Each solar cell module is connected in series and parallel, and the elevation angle is set so that sunlight is appropriately irradiated.
  • a movable panel that changes the elevation angle according to the position of the sun may be used as the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a.
  • the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a is electrically connected to a converter (not shown) that raises and lowers the generated voltage, a load (not shown) to which the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a is supplied, and the like.
  • the heat recovery device 201b (heat recovery means) is installed on the back surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a and has a function of recovering solar heat with hot water.
  • the heat recovery apparatus 201b is formed with a hot water flow path (not shown) through which hot water for recovering solar heat flows.
  • the “first circulation flow path” disposed so as to pass through the heat recovery apparatus 201b includes the pipe f1, the hot water flow path, the pipe f2, and the heat transfer pipe of the hot water heat exchanger 205. Consists of including.
  • the hot water pump 202 (first circulation means) is a pump that circulates hot water through the first circulation flow path according to a command from the control device 400, and is installed in the pipe f1.
  • the regeneration fan 203 is a fan that sucks air through the ducts d5 and d6 and sends air toward the desiccant rotor 11 in the regeneration area A2.
  • the reproduction fan 203 is installed at a predetermined position (upstream part) of the reproduction area A2, and is driven according to a command from the control device 400.
  • the inverter 204 (first inverter) controls the frequency of a motor (not shown) of the hot water pump 202 and is driven in accordance with a command from the control device 400 (see FIG. 2).
  • the hot water heat exchanger 205 (first heat exchanger) is a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the hot water flowing through its own heat transfer tube and the air toward the desiccant rotor 11 in the regeneration area A2.
  • the heat transfer tube of the hot water heat exchanger 205 has an upstream end connected to each heat recovery device 201b via a pipe f1, and a downstream end connected to each heat recovery device 201b via a pipe f2.
  • the hot water heat exchanger 205 is interposed between the regeneration fan 203 and the desiccant rotor 11 in the regeneration area A2.
  • the dehumidification system S includes a solar radiation sensor 301 and temperature and humidity sensors 302 and 303.
  • the solar radiation sensor 301 detects the solar radiation amount irradiated to the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a, and outputs the detected solar radiation amount to the control device 400 (see FIG. 2).
  • the temperature / humidity sensor 302 detects the temperature / humidity of the outside air and outputs the detected temperature / humidity to the control device 400.
  • the temperature / humidity sensor 303 is installed downstream of the cold water heat exchanger 104 and upstream of the desiccant rotor 11 in the processing area A1.
  • the temperature / humidity sensor 303 detects the temperature / humidity of the air from the cold water heat exchanger 104 toward the desiccant rotor 11, and outputs the detected temperature / humidity to the control device 400.
  • the control device 400 (control means) includes an electronic circuit (not shown) such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), and various interfaces, and is set. Various processes are executed according to the program.
  • FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram including a control device. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the control device 400 includes a storage unit 401 and a control unit 402.
  • the storage unit 401 (storage means) includes information including hot water pump characteristic information 401a, heat recovery apparatus characteristic information 401b, heat exchanger characteristic information 401c, dehumidifier characteristic information 401d, power generation panel characteristic information 401e, and an indoor model 401f. , Stored as mathematical formulas or databases. Each characteristic information will be described later.
  • the control unit 402 controls the frequency of the inverter 204 using the information input from the solar radiation sensor 301 and the temperature / humidity sensors 302 and 303 and the information stored in the storage unit 401.
  • the “other equipment” shown in FIG. 2 includes a motor (not shown) that rotates the desiccant rotor 11, a refrigerator 101, a processing fan 103, and a regeneration fan 203. Details of the processing executed by the control unit 402 will be described later.
  • FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing changes in the magnitude of the generated power Wg of the photovoltaic power generation panel, the consumed power Wa of the hot water pump, the consumed power Wk of other devices, and the evaluation function ⁇ W when the frequency of the inverter is changed. It is.
  • the control device 400 drives each of the “other devices” described above at a constant power (a constant rotation speed), and adjusts the frequency of the inverter 204 (see FIG. 1) according to the temperature and humidity of the outside air and the amount of solar radiation. Shall.
  • the solar power generation panel 201a has a characteristic that, when the amount of solar radiation is constant, the power generation efficiency increases as the temperature decreases. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, as the frequency of the inverter 204 is increased, the generated power Wg of the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a is also increased.
  • the frequency of the inverter 204 is increased, the power consumption Wa of the hot water pump 202 is also increased, as shown in FIG.
  • the power consumption Wk of the other devices described above is constant. Therefore, when the magnitude of the evaluation function ⁇ W obtained by subtracting the sum (or only the power consumption Wa) of the power consumption Wa and Wk from the power generation power Wg of the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a is maximum, the energy efficiency of the dehumidification system S is maximum. become.
  • the control unit 402 needs to control the inverter 204 and the like so as to satisfy the set humidity of the room K while responding to fluctuations in the temperature and humidity of the outside air.
  • the control unit 402 performs a simulation under the above-described conditions, and the inverter 204 is controlled so as to maximize the value of the evaluation function ⁇ W.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing executed by the control device.
  • the control unit 402 reads the amount of solar radiation input from the solar radiation sensor 301 and the temperature and humidity input from the temperature and humidity sensors 302 and 303.
  • Control unit 402 in step S102 calculates the air-conditioning load Q 0 at the present time. That is, the control unit 402 calculates the air conditioning load Q 0 based on the amount of solar radiation and the temperature and humidity of the outside air read in step S101 and the indoor model 401f (see FIG. 2) stored in the storage unit 401. .
  • the indoor model 401f is based on the volume and structure of the room K, the amount of heat generated by an electrical device (not shown) installed in the room K, and the like, depending on the amount of solar radiation and the temperature and humidity of the outside air. This model outputs 0 , and is stored in the storage unit 401 in advance.
  • step S103 the control unit 402 calculates a necessary dehumidification amount H 0 for setting the room K to a predetermined set humidity. That is, the control unit 402 sets the set humidity in the room K, the detected value of the temperature / humidity sensor 303 read in step S101 (that is, the temperature and humidity upstream of the desiccant rotor 11), and the air conditioning load Q calculated in step S102. Based on 0 , the required dehumidification amount H 0 is calculated.
  • step S104 the control unit 402 sets the frequency fw of the inverter 204 connected to the hot water pump 202 to the maximum value fw (Max).
  • the aforementioned maximum value fw (Max) is an initial value when changing the frequency of the inverter with a predetermined change width ⁇ f (S114, S115), and is set in advance.
  • the control unit 402 inputs 0 as the value i.
  • the value i is an integer that is incremented every time processing in steps S105 to S113 described later is performed.
  • step S ⁇ b> 105 the control unit 402 calculates the air volume F of the regeneration fan 203.
  • the above-described air volume F is constant.
  • step S106 the control unit 402 calculates the flow rate Q of the hot water pump 202. That is, the control unit 402 refers to the hot water pump characteristic information 401a shown in FIG. 2 and calculates the flow rate Q of the hot water pump 202 corresponding to the inverter frequency fw (Max) set in step S104.
  • the hot water pump characteristic information 401a (first circulation means characteristic information) is information for specifying the flow rate Q and power consumption of the hot water pump 202 corresponding to the frequency fw of the inverter 204 that drives the hot water pump 202. It is.
  • the power consumption of the hot water pump 202 is used in the process of step S110 described later.
  • step S107 the control unit 402 calculates the regeneration temperature Tr of the desiccant rotor 11.
  • the above-mentioned “regeneration temperature” refers to the air heated by the hot water heat exchanger 205 in the regeneration area A2 (air downstream from the hot water heat exchanger 205 and upstream from the desiccant rotor 11). Temperature.
  • the control unit 402 refers to the heat recovery device characteristic information 401b shown in FIG. 2 and calculates a heat recovery amount corresponding to the solar radiation amount and the outside air temperature read in step S101.
  • the heat recovery amount described above means the amount of heat that hot water recovers from the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a per unit time in the heat recovery device 201b.
  • the heat recovery apparatus characteristic information 401b (heat recovery means characteristic information) is the amount of heat recovered by the heat recovery apparatus 201b corresponding to the amount of solar radiation applied to the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a and the outside air temperature. This is information for identification.
  • control unit 402 refers to the heat exchanger characteristic information 401c shown in FIG. 2, and performs regeneration corresponding to the heat recovery amount, the air volume F calculated in step S105, and the flow rate Q calculated in step S106.
  • the temperature Tr is calculated.
  • the heat exchanger characteristic information 401c (first heat exchanger characteristic information) corresponds to the heat recovery amount corresponding to the heat recovery amount of the heat recovery device 201b, the flow rate Q of the hot water pump 202, and the air volume F of the regeneration fan 203. This is information for specifying the temperature and humidity of the air from the exchanger 205 toward the desiccant rotor 11.
  • step S108 the control unit 402 calculates the dehumidification amount H in the processing area A1. That is, the control unit 402 refers to the dehumidifier characteristic information 401d shown in FIG. 2 and determines the desiccant rotor based on the detected value of the temperature / humidity sensor 303 read in step S101 and the regeneration temperature Tr calculated in step S107. 11 is calculated as a dehumidification amount H (adsorption amount per unit time).
  • the dehumidifier characteristic information 401d corresponds to the temperature and humidity of the air from the hot water heat exchanger 205 toward the desiccant rotor 11 and the temperature and humidity of the air toward the desiccant rotor 11 in the processing area A1. It is the information for specifying the dehumidification amount H by. Note that the value of the dehumidifying amount H increases as the regeneration temperature Tr increases. Thus, the dehumidification amount H when the inverter 204 is driven at the frequency fw (Max) can be calculated.
  • Step control unit 402 in S109 it is determined whether or not dehumidification amount H calculated in step S108 is necessary dehumidification amount H 0 or calculated in step S103. That is, when it is assumed that the inverter 204 is driven at the frequency fw (Max), the control unit 402 determines whether or not the required dehumidification amount H 0 for keeping the room K below a predetermined set humidity is satisfied. When the dehumidification amount H is equal to or greater than the necessary dehumidification amount H 0 (S109 ⁇ Yes), the processing of the control unit 402 proceeds to step S110. On the other hand, when the dehumidification amount H is less than the required dehumidification amount H 0 (S109 ⁇ No), the process of the control unit 402 proceeds to step S114.
  • step S110 the control unit 402 calculates the total power consumption ⁇ W in the entire dehumidification system S.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing for calculating the total power consumption ⁇ W of the dehumidification system.
  • step S1102 the control unit 402 calculates the power consumption Wb of the cold water pump 102.
  • step S1103 the control unit 402 calculates the power consumption Wc of the refrigerator 101.
  • each of the power consumptions Wb and Wc described above is constant.
  • step S ⁇ b> 111 of FIG. 4 the control unit 402 calculates the generated power of the solar power generation unit 201 (the sum of the generated power of the three solar power generation units 201). First, the control device 400, based on the heat recovery device characteristic information 401b and the power generation panel characteristic information 401e (see FIG. 2), the solar radiation amount and the outside air temperature read in step S101, and the flow rate Q of the hot water pump 202 calculated in step S106. And the temperature of the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a corresponding to is calculated.
  • control unit 402 refers to the power generation panel characteristic information 401e shown in FIG. 2 and calculates the generated power Wg corresponding to the temperature of the solar power generation panel 201a and the amount of solar radiation read in step S101. .
  • the generated power Wg of the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a increases as the temperature of the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a decreases.
  • the generated power Wg of the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a increases as the value of the amount of solar radiation increases.
  • step S112 the control unit 402 calculates an evaluation function ⁇ W.
  • the evaluation function ⁇ W is obtained by subtracting the total power consumption ⁇ W from the generated power Wg. The larger the value of the evaluation function ⁇ W, the higher the energy efficiency in the entire dehumidification system S.
  • step S113 the control unit 402 determines whether or not the value i is equal to the value N.
  • the above-described value N is a value that defines a lower limit value (that is, fw (Max) ⁇ N ⁇ f) when changing the frequency fw of the inverter 204, and is set in advance.
  • the process of the control unit 402 proceeds to step S114.
  • step S114 the control unit 402 increments the value i.
  • step S115 the control unit 402 sets the frequency fw of the inverter 204 to (fw (Max) ⁇ i ⁇ f).
  • the frequency fw (Max) described above is a value set in the process of step S104.
  • the change width ⁇ f is set in advance in consideration of the calculation speed of the control unit 402 and the like.
  • step S116 the control device sets the frequency of the inverter 204 to the frequency f1w corresponding to the maximum of the N + 1 evaluation functions ⁇ W. That is, the control unit 402 sets the frequency of the inverter 204 so that the energy efficiency of the entire dehumidification system S is maximized.
  • step S117 the control unit 402 drives the inverter 204 with the frequency f1w set in step S116, and ends the process (END).
  • the control unit 402 drives the chilled water pump 102 at a predetermined rotation speed and drives the refrigerator 101 to circulate chilled water in the chilled water heat exchangers 104 and 105. Since the elevation angle of the sun changes as time passes, the control unit 402 executes the process shown in FIG. 2 a plurality of times per day (for example, once every several hours).
  • Drawing 6 is an air line figure showing the state in a plurality of places in a dehumidification system. States P1 to P7 shown in FIG. 6 correspond to the positions P1 to P7 shown in FIG.
  • the control unit 402 controls the inverter 204 at the frequency f1w described above to drive the hot water pump 202, and drives the refrigerator 101, the cold water pump 102, the regeneration fan 203, and the processing fan 103.
  • the indoor air that flows through the ducts d1 and d2 and the outside air that flows through the duct d3 are sucked into the processing fan 103 and blown out toward the cold water heat exchanger 104.
  • the dry bulb temperature is 32.2 ° C. and the relative humidity is 65%.
  • the air blown out from the processing fan 103 exchanges heat with cold water in the cold water heat exchanger 104 to radiate heat.
  • the dry bulb temperature is 20 ° C. and the relative humidity is 95%.
  • the air flowing out from the cold water heat exchanger 104 is dehumidified by the desiccant rotor 11.
  • the air is heated by the heat of adsorption.
  • the dry bulb temperature is 28.35 ° C. and the relative humidity is 43.85%.
  • the air dehumidified by the desiccant rotor 11 radiates heat by exchanging heat with cold water in the cold water heat exchanger 105.
  • the air flowing through the position P4 downstream from the cold water heat exchanger 105 has, for example, a dry bulb temperature of 18 ° C.
  • the indoor air flowing through the ducts d1 and d5 and the outside air flowing through the duct d6 are sucked into the regeneration fan 203 and blown out toward the hot water heat exchanger 205.
  • the dry bulb temperature is 23 ° C. and the relative humidity is 60%.
  • the air blown out from the regeneration fan 203 absorbs heat by exchanging heat with warm water in the warm water heat exchanger 205.
  • the dry bulb temperature is 35 ° C. and the relative humidity is 30%.
  • dehumidification is performed up to the vicinity of the dehumidification limit.
  • the air exchanged by the hot water heat exchanger 205 takes in moisture from the adsorbent of the desiccant rotor 11. As a result, the adsorbent is regenerated (desorbed). In the reproduction area A2, at the position P7 downstream from the desiccant rotor 11, for example, the dry bulb temperature is 26 ° C. and the relative humidity is 67%. After regenerating the adsorbent of the desiccant rotor 11, the air is discharged out of the system through the duct d7. Since the desiccant rotor 11 is rotating, the above-described adsorption and regeneration (desorption) are continuously performed.
  • the dehumidifying system S According to the dehumidifying system S according to the present embodiment, solar power generation is performed using the solar power generation panel 201a, and solar heat recovered using the heat recovery device 201b is used for regeneration of the desiccant rotor 11 (adsorbent). .
  • the energy efficiency of the entire system can be improved.
  • the adsorbent of the desiccant rotor 11 can be regenerated without using an electric heater or boiler, the energy efficiency of the entire system can be improved.
  • control unit 402 performs simulation for each of N + 1 predetermined frequencies, and sets the frequency of the inverter 204 so as to maximize the evaluation function ⁇ W.
  • the energy efficiency of the entire dehumidification system S can be maximized under the condition that the power consumption of the hot water pump 202 is variable and the power consumption of other devices is constant.
  • the inverter 204 can be calculated appropriately. Furthermore, since the inverter 204 is installed only in the hot water pump 202, the amount of calculation executed by the control unit 402 can be relatively reduced, and the cost required for the entire system can be reduced.
  • the dehumidification system S includes data stored in the storage unit 401A (see FIG. 7) and processing contents of the control unit 402A (see FIG. 7). Others are the same as those in the first embodiment, although different. Therefore, a different part from 1st Embodiment is demonstrated and description is abbreviate
  • FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram including a control device provided in the dehumidification system according to the present embodiment.
  • the control device 400A includes a storage unit 401A and a control unit 402A.
  • the storage unit 401A storage means
  • the frequency of the inverter that maximizes the evaluation function ⁇ W in association with the amount of solar radiation, the outside air temperature humidity, and the temperature and humidity of the air upstream from the desiccant rotor 11 is stored.
  • f1w is stored in advance as a detection value-frequency table 401g (table).
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing executed by the control device.
  • the control unit 402A After reading each detection value in step S101, in step S201, the control unit 402A refers to the detection value-frequency table 401g shown in FIG. 7, and the frequency f1w (inverter) corresponding to the amount of solar radiation and temperature and humidity read in step S101. 204).
  • the frequency f1w that maximizes the evaluation function ⁇ W can be obtained immediately for the inverter 204 under the conditions read in step S101.
  • Step S117 is the same as the process described in the first embodiment (see FIG. 4).
  • the frequency f1w that maximizes the evaluation function ⁇ W is stored in advance in the storage unit 401A as the detected value-frequency table 401g. Therefore, as compared with the first embodiment, the calculation load of the control unit 402A can be greatly reduced, and the frequency f1w that maximizes the energy efficiency of the entire system can be acquired immediately.
  • the dehumidification system S according to the third embodiment controls the frequency of the cooling tower 110 (see FIG. 9), the inverter 113 that controls the frequency of the blower 111, and the frequency of the regeneration fan 203 in the dehumidification system S according to the first embodiment.
  • the point which added the inverter 206 differs, the other point is the same as that of 1st Embodiment. Therefore, a different part from 1st Embodiment is demonstrated and description is abbreviate
  • FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of the dehumidification system according to the present embodiment.
  • the cooling tower 110 cools cold water flowing through the pipes e1, e2, etc. by heat exchange with the outside air sent from the blower 111.
  • the cooling tower 110 is, for example, an open-type cooling tower, and cools the cooling water by flowing cooling water through a filler (not shown) carried therein and exchanging heat with the outside air.
  • the cooling tower 110 includes a blower 111 that sends outside air toward the filler, and a cooling water pump 112 that pumps cooling water through the pipes g1 and g2.
  • the circulation flow path including the pipe g1, the heat transfer pipe of the cooling tower 110, and the pipe g2 is disposed so as to pass through the refrigerator 101.
  • the cooling water By circulating the cooling water through the circulation channel, the low-temperature cooling water cooled by the cooling tower 110 and the relatively high-temperature water (cold water) flowing into the refrigerator 101 from the cold water heat exchangers 104 and 105 are cooled. ) And heat exchange.
  • Inverter 113 (second inverter) drives blower 111 at a frequency according to a command input from control device 400.
  • Inverter 206 (first inverter) drives regeneration fan 203 at a frequency corresponding to a command input from control device 400.
  • reproduction fan characteristic information (not shown) is stored in the storage unit (see FIG. 2) of the control device 400.
  • the “regeneration fan characteristic information” described above is information for specifying the air volume and power consumption of the regeneration fan 203 corresponding to the frequency of the inverter 206 that drives the regeneration fan 203.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing executed by the control device.
  • the control device 400 sets the frequencies of the inverters 204, 113, and 206 to the maximum values fw (Max), fc (Max), and ft (Max), respectively.
  • the frequency fw (Max) described above is a maximum value (initial value) when the frequency of the inverter 204 is sequentially changed, and is set in advance. The same applies to the frequencies fc (Max) and ft (Max).
  • “all combinations of the frequencies fw, fc, and ft” are the frequencies ⁇ fw (Max), fw (Max) ⁇ f A ,..., Fw (Max) ⁇ N ⁇ f A ⁇ , the frequency ⁇ fc (Max) , Fc (Max) ⁇ f B ,..., Fc (Max) ⁇ M ⁇ f B ⁇ and all combinations of frequencies ⁇ ft (Max), ft (Max) ⁇ f C ,..., Ft (Max) ⁇ K ⁇ f C ⁇ It means that.
  • the values N, M, and K and the frequency change widths ⁇ f A , ⁇ f B , and ⁇ f C are set in advance.
  • step S203 the control device 400 changes at least one of the frequencies fw, fc, and ft so as to obtain a combination for which the evaluation function ⁇ W has not yet been calculated, and proceeds to the process of step S105.
  • step S204 the control device 400 sets the frequencies f1w, f1c, and f1t so that the evaluation function ⁇ W is maximized.
  • step S205 the control device 400 drives the hot water pump 202 at the frequency f1w set in step S204, drives the blower 111 of the cooling tower 110 at the frequency f1c, and drives the regeneration fan 203 at the frequency f1t.
  • the cold water (water) absorbed by the cold water heat exchangers 104 and 105 and the cooling water flowing in from the cooling tower 110 are heat-exchanged to dissipate the cold water.
  • control device 400 sets the frequencies f1w, f1c, and f1t so that the evaluation function ⁇ W is maximized. As described above, since the operation is performed at the point where the evaluation function ⁇ W becomes maximum with respect to the frequencies of the plurality of inverters 204, 113, 206, the energy efficiency of the entire dehumidification system S can be further improved as compared with the first embodiment.
  • the dehumidifying system S according to the fourth embodiment is that a hot water tank 211 (see FIG. 11), a hot water pump 212, a hot water temperature regulator 213, and a temperature sensor 214 are added to the configuration of the third embodiment. Others are the same as in the third embodiment, although different. Therefore, a different part from 3rd Embodiment is demonstrated and description is abbreviate
  • FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a dehumidification system according to the present embodiment.
  • the hot water tank 211 (tank) temporarily stores hot water flowing from the heat recovery apparatus 201b through the pipe f1.
  • the hot water tank 211 is installed so as to be interposed in a first circulation flow path (including pipes f1 and f2) that connects the heat recovery apparatus 201b and the hot water heat exchanger 205.
  • One hot water pump 202 (first circulation means) is installed in a pipe f1 through which hot water flows from the hot water tank 211 toward the hot water heat exchanger 205.
  • the other hot water pump 212 is installed in a pipe f2 through which hot water flows from the hot water tank 211 toward the heat recovery apparatus 201b. By driving the hot water pumps 202 and 212, a predetermined flow rate of hot water circulates through the first circulation channel.
  • the hot water temperature adjuster 213 (temperature adjusting means) is, for example, an electric heater, and is a heat source that heats the hot water by causing the resistor to generate heat by flowing a current according to a command from the control device 400.
  • the hot water temperature adjuster 213 adjusts the hot water stored in the hot water tank 211 to a predetermined temperature. Note that a boiler or the like may be used as the hot water temperature regulator 213.
  • the temperature sensor 214 is installed in a pipe f ⁇ b> 1 through which hot water flowing from the hot water tank 211 toward the hot water heat exchanger 205 flows, detects the temperature of the hot water flowing out from the hot water tank 211, and outputs it to the control device 400.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing executed by the control device.
  • step S302 the control device 400 determines whether or not the evaluation function ⁇ W has been calculated for all combinations of the frequencies fw, fc, ft, and the hot water temperature Tw. If there is at least one frequency combination for which the evaluation function ⁇ W has not been calculated (S302 ⁇ No), the process of the control device 400 proceeds to step S303. In step S303, the control device 400 changes at least one of the frequencies fw, fc, ft, and the hot water temperature Tw, and proceeds to the process of step S105.
  • step S304 the control device 400 sets the frequencies f1w, f1c, f1t, and the hot water temperature T1w so that the evaluation function ⁇ W is maximized.
  • step S305 the control device 400 drives the hot water pump 202 at the frequency f1w set in step S304, drives the blower 111 of the cooling tower 110 at the frequency f1c, and drives the regeneration fan 203 at the frequency f1t. Moreover, the control apparatus 400 controls the hot water temperature regulator 213 so that it may become the hot water temperature T1w set by step S304.
  • the hot water temperature adjuster 213 controls the hot water stored in the hot water tank 211 to a predetermined temperature in accordance with a command from the control device 400.
  • the amount of solar heat recovered by the heat recovery device 201b varies depending on the season, weather, time zone, etc., but by adjusting the hot water temperature to be a predetermined temperature as described above, it is blown out from the regeneration fan 203. It is possible to stably dissipate heat from hot water against air.
  • the control device 400 has been described for the case of calculating the air-conditioning load Q 0, but not limited to . That is, based on the enthalpy and air volume of air flowing into the room K through the duct d4 and the enthalpy and air volume of air flowing out of the room K through the duct d1, the control device 400 directly controls the air conditioning load Q. 0 may be calculated.
  • control device 400 has described the case where the device including the inverter 204 is controlled so as to maximize the evaluation function ⁇ W, but this is not a limitation. That is, in addition to the evaluation function ⁇ W, other indices (for example, power consumption of a fan that sends cold air to the computer in the room K) may be taken into consideration to determine the frequency of the inverter 204 and the like.
  • each said embodiment demonstrated the case where the heat recovery apparatus 201b was installed in the back surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a, it does not restrict to this. That is, you may install a heat recovery apparatus in at least one among the surface and the back surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel 201a.
  • each said embodiment demonstrated the case where the cold water heat exchanger 104 was installed in the upstream of the desiccant rotor 11 in the process area A1, and the cold water heat exchanger 105 was installed in the downstream, it does not restrict to this. That is, you may make it the structure which installs a cold-water heat exchanger only in any one of the upstream and downstream of the desiccant rotor 11 in process area A1.
  • the control unit 402 calculates the necessary dehumidification amount H 0 and the like including the detection value by the added temperature and humidity sensor. Note that the position of the temperature and humidity sensor may be appropriately changed as long as the necessary dehumidification amount H 0 and the like can be calculated.
  • a chilled water temperature adjusting device that adjusts the chilled water temperature by controlling the driving of the refrigerator 101 (for example, driving of the compressor constituting the heat pump cycle) is added to the dehumidifying system S described in each of the above embodiments. Also good.
  • the control unit 402 controls devices including the temperature adjusting device of the refrigerator 101 described above based on the evaluation function ⁇ W.
  • each said embodiment demonstrated the case where the solar radiation sensor 301 was installed, it is not restricted to this. That is, instead of these, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the hot water flowing into the hot water heat exchanger 205, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the hot water flowing out of the hot water heat exchanger 205, and the desiccant rotor 11 in the regeneration area A2.
  • a temperature / humidity sensor for detecting the temperature / humidity on the upstream side may be added.
  • the control device 400 calculates the air conditioning load Q 0 , the necessary dehumidification amount H 0, and the like based on the detection values of the respective temperature sensors and temperature / humidity sensors.
  • the above embodiments can be appropriately combined.
  • the frequencies of the inverters 204, 113, and 206 (see FIG. 9) that maximize the evaluation function ⁇ W according to the amount of solar radiation, the temperature and humidity of the outside air, and the like are calculated.
  • the detection value-frequency table 401g (see FIG. 7) may be stored in advance in the storage unit 401A.
  • each said embodiment demonstrated the case where the dehumidifier 10 had the desiccant rotor 11, it does not restrict to this.
  • other types of dehumidifiers may be used as long as moisture in the air flowing toward the room K is adsorbed in the processing area A1 and the adsorbed moisture is desorbed in the regeneration area A2.
  • a configuration including switching means for alternately switching the processing area A1 and the reproduction area A2 in terms of time may be employed.
  • S Dehumidification System 10 Dehumidifier 11 Desiccant Rotor 100 Processing Side System 101 Refrigerator 104, 105 Cold Water Heat Exchanger (Second Heat Exchanger) 110 Cooling tower 111 Blower 113 Inverter (second inverter, equipment) 204,206 Inverter (first inverter, equipment) 200 reproduction-side system 201 photovoltaic power generation unit 201a photovoltaic power generation panel 201b heat recovery device (heat recovery means) 202 Hot water pump (first circulation means, equipment) 203 Regenerative fan 205 Hot water heat exchanger (first heat exchanger) 211 Hot water tank (tank) 213 Hot water temperature controller (temperature adjusting means, equipment) 301 Solar radiation sensor 302,303 Temperature / humidity sensor 400,400A Control device (control means) 401, 401A Storage unit (storage unit) 401a Hot water pump characteristic information (first circulation means characteristic information) 401b Heat recovery device characteristic information (heat recovery means characteristic information) 401c Heat exchanger characteristic information (first heat exchanger characteristic

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de déshumidification à très bon rendement énergétique. Ce système de déshumidification (S) est équipé : d'unités de génération d'énergie solaire (201) ; d'une pompe à eau chaude (202) qui fait circuler de l'eau chaude par l'intermédiaire de tuyaux (f1, f2) ; d'un déshumidificateur (10) qui adsorbe l'humidité de l'air dans une zone de traitement (A1), et libère l'humidité dans une zone de régénération (A2) ; d'un échangeur thermique à eau chaude (205) qui échange de la chaleur entre de l'eau chaude et de l'air par l'intermédiaire de la pompe à eau chaude (202) ; d'un ventilateur de régénération (203) qui souffle de l'air à travers la zone de régénération (A2) ; d'un inverseur (204) installé dans la pompe à eau chaude (202) ; et d'un dispositif de commande (400) qui commande l'inverseur (204) en fonction d'une fonction d'évaluation calculée en soustrayant la consommation d'énergie totale du système de l'énergie générée par des panneaux de génération d'énergie solaire (201a).
PCT/JP2014/069951 2013-09-24 2014-07-29 Système de déshumidification WO2015045609A1 (fr)

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JP6963813B2 (ja) * 2018-04-13 2021-11-10 株式会社リビエラ 自然水熱採集ユニット
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