WO2015042778A1 - 数据迁移方法、数据迁移装置和存储设备 - Google Patents
数据迁移方法、数据迁移装置和存储设备 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015042778A1 WO2015042778A1 PCT/CN2013/084093 CN2013084093W WO2015042778A1 WO 2015042778 A1 WO2015042778 A1 WO 2015042778A1 CN 2013084093 W CN2013084093 W CN 2013084093W WO 2015042778 A1 WO2015042778 A1 WO 2015042778A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
- G06F3/0614—Improving the reliability of storage systems
- G06F3/0616—Improving the reliability of storage systems in relation to life time, e.g. increasing Mean Time Between Failures [MTBF]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
- G06F3/0608—Saving storage space on storage systems
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
- G06F3/0646—Horizontal data movement in storage systems, i.e. moving data in between storage devices or systems
- G06F3/0647—Migration mechanisms
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- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0668—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems adopting a particular infrastructure
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- G06F3/0683—Plurality of storage devices
- G06F3/0688—Non-volatile semiconductor memory arrays
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- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0668—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems adopting a particular infrastructure
- G06F3/0671—In-line storage system
- G06F3/0683—Plurality of storage devices
- G06F3/0689—Disk arrays, e.g. RAID, JBOD
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- G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
- G06F12/02—Addressing or allocation; Relocation
- G06F12/0223—User address space allocation, e.g. contiguous or non contiguous base addressing
- G06F12/023—Free address space management
- G06F12/0238—Memory management in non-volatile memory, e.g. resistive RAM or ferroelectric memory
- G06F12/0246—Memory management in non-volatile memory, e.g. resistive RAM or ferroelectric memory in block erasable memory, e.g. flash memory
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- G06F2212/00—Indexing scheme relating to accessing, addressing or allocation within memory systems or architectures
- G06F2212/72—Details relating to flash memory management
- G06F2212/7204—Capacity control, e.g. partitioning, end-of-life degradation
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- G06F2212/00—Indexing scheme relating to accessing, addressing or allocation within memory systems or architectures
- G06F2212/72—Details relating to flash memory management
- G06F2212/7208—Multiple device management, e.g. distributing data over multiple flash devices
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- G06F2212/72—Details relating to flash memory management
- G06F2212/7211—Wear leveling
Definitions
- Data migration method data migration device, and storage device
- the present invention relates to storage technologies, and in particular, to a data migration method, a data migration device, and a storage device. Background technique
- Nand Flash Flash Memory
- SSDs solid state devices
- SSDs solid state drives
- SSDs Since SSDs have a limited number of erasures, each read and write operation to the SSD (also known as an erase operation) is a degree of wear on the SSD. Therefore, the life of an SSD is related to the degree of wear. The higher the wear, the shorter the life.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a data migration method, apparatus, and storage device to improve the service life of an SSD storage array.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a data migration method, where the method is applied to a storage system, where the storage system includes a disk group, and the disk group includes a plurality of solid state disk SSDs. Determining a source SSD in the disk group, where a space usage rate of the source SSD is higher than an average space usage rate of the disk group;
- the data of the source SSD is migrated to the destination SSD according to the amount of data migrated by the source SSD.
- the destination SSD is another SSD of the hard disk group except the source SSD.
- the destination SSD is an SSD in which the space usage rate in the hard disk group is lower than the average space usage rate.
- the destination SSD is a preset SSD corresponding to the source SSD.
- the determining, by the determining, the at least one destination SSD in the hard disk group includes: determining, according to load balancing, at least one destination SSD in the hard disk group.
- the migrating the data of the source SSD to the destination SSD according to the data volume that is migrated by the source SSD includes:
- the data of the source SSD is migrated to each of the destination SSDs according to the amount of migrated data and the amount of migrated data of each of the destination SSDs.
- the space usage rate and the average space usage rate according to the destination SSD are Calculating the amount of data to move into each destination SSD includes:
- the calculating, according to the space usage rate of the source SSD and the average space usage rate, the amount of data migrated by the source SSD includes:
- the resulting product is the amount of data that the source SSD migrates out.
- a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a data migration apparatus, where the apparatus includes: a determining module, configured to determine a source SSD in a hard disk group, where a space usage rate of the source SSD is higher than an average of the hard disk group Space usage rate; and determining at least one destination SSD in the hard disk group;
- a calculation module configured to calculate, according to the space usage rate of the source SSD and the average space usage, the amount of data migrated by the source SSD;
- a migration module configured to migrate data of the source SSD to the destination SSD according to the amount of data migrated by the source SSD.
- the destination SSD is another SSD of the hard disk group except the source SSD.
- the destination SSD is an SSD in which the space usage rate in the hard disk group is lower than the average space usage rate.
- the destination SSD is a preset SSD corresponding to the source SSD
- the migration module is specifically configured to use a space usage rate according to the destination SSD. And calculating the amount of the migrated data of each destination SSD according to the average space usage rate; and migrating the data of the source SSD to the location according to the amount of the migrated data and the amount of the migrated data of each destination SSD Described in each destination SSD.
- the migration module is specifically configured to obtain a space usage rate of each target SSD. Deriving the difference between the average space usage rates; multiplying the difference between the space usage rate of the each destination SSD and the average space usage rate by the available physical capacity of each destination SSD, and the resulting product is The amount of data moved by each destination SSD.
- the calculating module is specifically configured to obtain a difference between a spatial usage rate of the source SSD and the average space usage rate; The difference between the space usage rate of the SSD and the average space usage rate is multiplied by the available physical capacity of the source SSD, and the resulting product is the amount of data that the source SSD migrates out.
- a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a storage device, including:
- processor a processor, a memory, a system bus, and a communication interface, wherein the processor, the memory, and the communication interface are connected by the system bus and complete communication with each other;
- the communication interface is configured to communicate with a storage device
- the memory is configured to store a computer execution instruction
- the processor is configured to execute the computer to execute an instruction, and execute the data migration method according to the first aspect.
- a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a computer program product, comprising: a computer readable storage medium storing a program code, the program code comprising instructions for performing the data migration method according to the first aspect.
- the data in the SSD whose space usage rate is higher than the average space usage rate of the hard disk group is migrated to the determined destination SSD, so that the space usage rate of each SSD in the hard disk group tends to the average The space utilization rate, thereby achieving wear leveling, prolongs the service life of the hard disk unit.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application network architecture of a data migration method according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a data migration method according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a data migration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
- the system architecture of the embodiment of the present invention is a system architecture diagram of a method for managing a storage array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the storage system includes a controller 11 and a storage device 22.
- the storage device 22 is illustrated by using a solid state disk (SSD) as an example.
- SSD solid state disk
- Solid state drives, also known as solid state drives (SSDs), are referred to as hard drives.
- FIG. 1 is only an exemplary description, and is not limited to a specific networking manner, such as: a cascading tree network or a ring network. As long as the controller 11 and the storage device 22 can communicate with each other.
- Controller 11 may comprise any computing device known in the art, such as a server, desktop computer, or the like. Inside the controller, an operating system and other applications are installed. The controller 11 can manage the storage device 22, such as controlling data migration in the storage device.
- Storage device 22 may include storage devices known in the art, such as SSDs, or direct access storage. Direct Access Storage Device (DASD), etc.
- the storage device 22 is taken as an example of an SSD.
- N physical SSDs form a storage array, which can also be called a disk group.
- the basic idea of a storage array is to combine multiple relatively inexpensive hard drives to achieve performance that exceeds even an expensive hard drive.
- the number of physical SSDs in a storage array must not be less than a certain lower limit, for example, 10.
- the number of physical SSDs in a storage array must not exceed an upper limit, for example, 30.
- the N physical SSDs included in the storage array may be SSDs of different capacities and different capacities, or SSDs of different capacities of different models, or SSDs of different capacities of the same model, or SSDs of the same capacity of the same model.
- the SSDs in the embodiments of the present invention refer to physical SSDs.
- Each physical SSD can be divided into fine-grained data blocks of the same size (Chunk, CK)
- Chunk can also be called a logical SSD.
- RAID Redundant Array of Independent Disks
- CKG Chunk Group
- RAID Redundant array of independent hard disks
- Step S201 Determine a source SSD in the hard disk group, where a space usage rate of the source SSD is higher than an average space usage rate of the hard disk group.
- an SSD with a space usage rate higher than an average space usage rate of the disk group is used as a source SSD, and an average space usage rate of the disk group refers to a user write data amount of the disk group and a disk group.
- the ratio between the available physical capacities, the space usage of the SSD is the ratio of the amount of user write data for the SSD to the available physical capacity of the SSD.
- the amount of data written by the user of the hard disk group refers to the sum of the amount of data written by the user of each SSD of the disk group.
- the available physical capacity of the disk group refers to the total available physical capacity of each SSD of the disk group.
- a disk group can be regarded as an SSD storage array.
- an SSD is composed of multiple blocks. During long-term use, some blocks may fail to be read or written due to programming errors or erasure errors, and are therefore referred to as bad blocks.
- the increase in space usage is often caused by an increase in the number of bad blocks in the SSD. Therefore, determining the source SSD in the disk group can be implemented by monitoring the capacity of the bad blocks of each SSD in the disk group. When the capacity of the bad block of an SSD exceeds a preset threshold, the space usage rate is also Will be higher than the average space usage of the hard disk group.
- some hardware failures may also cause increased space usage of the SSD, such as pin damage to the Flash particles.
- the controller can monitor the capacity of the bad block of each SSD in the disk group in real time. When the capacity of the bad block of an SSD exceeds a preset threshold, the space usage rate can be considered to be increased.
- the controller can monitor the space usage rate of each SSD in the disk group in real time. When the space usage rate of an SSD is higher than the average space usage rate, determine the source SSD in the disk group. Or, when the space usage of an SSD is higher than the average space usage, it is automatically reported to the controller.
- the controller can monitor the user visible capacity of each SSD in the hard disk group in real time, and when the visible capacity of the user of the SSD is reduced, determine the source SSD in the hard disk group; or, when When the SSD user sees a decrease in capacity, it is automatically reported to the controller.
- its internal storage space can be divided into two parts: data storage space and redundant space. The size of the SSD's data storage space is the user's visible capacity.
- the redundant space of the SSD refers to the NAND Flash storage space provided by the SSD beyond the user's visible capacity. Taking a 400GB SSD as an example, the disk actually contains 512GB of NAND Flash particles, but the user has a visible capacity of only 400GB and an extra 112GB as redundant space. Due to NAND Flash during long-term use, bad blocks may occur due to programming errors or erasure errors. Since bad blocks cannot be read or written, data stored in bad blocks needs to be migrated to the redundant space of the SSD. Bad blocks are marked inside the SSD, and these marked bad blocks are no longer used. The redundant space is mainly used to replace bad blocks, ensuring that the SSD always has 400 GB of data storage space during use.
- Step S202 Determine at least one destination SSD in the hard disk group.
- the source SSD In order to reduce the space usage of the source SSD, its stored data can be migrated to other SSDs of the disk group. To this end, at least one destination SSD needs to be determined from the disk group.
- SSDs other than the source SSD in the hard disk group may be used as a purpose.
- an SSD in which the space usage rate of the hard disk group is lower than the average space usage rate may be used as the destination SSD.
- mapping between the source SSD and the destination SSD may be set in advance, and the source SSD is used to query the corresponding relationship to obtain the destination SSD.
- the load status of each SSD in the disk group is obtained separately, and the destination SSD is determined according to the load balancing principle.
- Step S203 Calculate the amount of data migrated by the source SSD according to the space usage rate of the source SSD and the average space usage rate.
- the amount of data that the source SSD migrates refers to the amount of data that is migrated in order to make the space usage rate of the source SSD reach the average space usage rate.
- a difference between a spatial usage rate of the source SSD and the average space usage rate may be obtained; multiplied by a difference between a spatial usage rate of the source SSD and the average space usage rate.
- the available physical capacity of the source SSD, and the resulting product is the amount of data that the source SSD migrates out.
- the amount of data written by the user of the source SSD and the available physical capacity of the source SSD may be obtained; the amount of data written by the user of the source SSD minus the available physical capacity of the source SSD and The product between the average space usage rates, and the resulting difference is the amount of data that the source SSD migrates out.
- step S202 there is no order between step S202 and step S203.
- Step S204 The data of the source SSD is migrated to the destination SSD according to the amount of data migrated by the source SSD.
- the data in the source SSD is moved in chunks, and the size of each chunk is fixed. Therefore, the amount of data migrated by the source SSD can be divided by the size of the chunk to obtain the size.
- the number of chunks that are migrated out of the source SSD. In the case that the divisible is not divisible, the number of chunks from which the source SSD is moved out may be calculated by rounding off the remainder.
- the data in the SSD whose space usage rate is higher than the average space usage rate of the hard disk group is migrated to the determined destination SSD, so that the space usage rate of each SSD in the hard disk group tends to the average Space utilization, thereby achieving wear leveling, extending the The life of the hard disk group.
- step S204 may specifically include:
- Step S2041 Calculate the amount of data to be moved for each destination SSD according to the space usage rate of the destination SSD and the average space usage rate.
- the amount of data to be migrated for each destination SSD refers to the amount of data moved in order to make the space usage rate of each destination SSD reach the average space usage rate.
- a difference between a space usage rate of each destination SSD and the average space usage rate may be obtained; a difference between a space usage rate of the each destination SSD and the average space usage rate Multiplying the available physical capacity of each destination SSD, the resulting product is the amount of data moved by each of the destination SSDs.
- the amount of data written by the user of each destination SSD and the available physical capacity of each destination SSD may be obtained; the product of the available physical capacity of each destination SSD and the average space usage is subtracted from each of said each The amount of data written by the user of the destination SSD, and the difference obtained is the amount of data moved by each of the destination SSDs.
- the amount of the migrated data may be divided by the number of destination SSDs to obtain the amount of data that each destination SSD migrates.
- Step S2042 The data of the source SSD is migrated to each destination SSD according to the amount of migrated data and the amount of migrated data of each destination SSD.
- the data in each destination SSD is moved in chunks, and the size of each chunk is fixed. Therefore, the amount of data moved by each destination SSD can be divided by the size of the chunk. Obtain the number of chunks that each destination SSD migrates into. In the case where the divisible is not divisible, the number of chunks into which each destination SSD is moved can be calculated by rounding off the remainder.
- N chunks can be randomly selected from the source SSD, and each chunk of the N chunks is sequentially according to the preset disc selection algorithm and the number of chunks moved by each destination SSD. An idle chunk is determined in the destination SSD, and then the data stored in the N chunks of the source SSD is separately migrated to the destination SSD.
- the SSD that generates the bad block can be determined as the source SSD, and the space usage rate is greater than the average space usage rate of 0.4720.
- the source needs to be The data of the SSD is migrated to other SSDs. Here, take the remaining 8 SSDs as the destination SSD as an example.
- the source SSD data can be migrated to each destination SSD in chunks according to the amount of migrated data of the source SSD and the amount of migrated data of each destination SSD.
- the data migration is completed.
- the space utilization of each SSD in a disk group is equal to the average space usage. This shows that the wear level of each SSD is balanced, which extends the service life of the entire SSD storage array.
- FIG. 3 it is a structural diagram of a data migration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the device includes:
- the determining module 301 is configured to determine a source SSD in the hard disk group, wherein a space usage rate of the source SSD is higher than an average space usage rate of the hard disk group; and determining at least one destination SSD in the hard disk group.
- the calculating module 302 is configured to calculate, according to the space usage rate of the source SSD and the average space usage rate, the amount of data migrated by the source SSD.
- a migration module 303 configured to: according to the amount of data migrated by the source SSD, the source SSD The data is migrated to the destination SSD.
- the destination SSD is another SSD in the hard disk group except the source SSD.
- the destination SSD is an SSD in which the space usage rate in the hard disk group is lower than the average space usage rate.
- the destination SSD is a preset SSD corresponding to the source SSD.
- the migration module 303 is specifically configured to calculate, according to the space usage rate of the destination SSD and the average space usage rate, an amount of data to be migrated for each destination SSD; according to the amount of data to be migrated and each destination The amount of data moved into the SSD, and the data of the source SSD is migrated to each of the destination SSDs. Specifically, a difference between a space usage rate of each destination SSD and the average space usage rate may be obtained; multiplied by a difference between a space usage rate of the each destination SSD and the average space usage rate With the available physical capacity of each destination SSD, the resulting product is the amount of data moved by each of the destination SSDs.
- the calculating module 302 is specifically configured to obtain a difference between a space usage rate of the source SSD and the average space usage rate, and a space usage rate between the source SSD and the average space usage rate. The difference is multiplied by the available physical capacity of the source SSD, and the resulting product is the amount of data that the source SSD migrates out.
- the device provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be configured in the controller described in the foregoing embodiment, and is used to perform the data migration method described in the foregoing embodiment.
- the device provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be configured in the controller described in the foregoing embodiment, and is used to perform the data migration method described in the foregoing embodiment.
- the space usage rate is higher than the average space usage rate of the hard disk group.
- the data in the SSD is migrated to the determined destination SSD, so that the space usage rate of each SSD in the disk group tends to the average space usage rate, thereby achieving wear leveling and prolonging the service life of the disk group.
- a storage device 1200 includes:
- a processor 101 a memory 102, a system bus (abbreviated as bus) 105, and a communication interface 103.
- the processor 101, the memory 102 and the communication interface 103 are connected and completed by the system bus 105. Into each other's communication.
- Processor 101 may be a single core or multi-core central processing unit, or a particular integrated circuit, or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention.
- the memory 102 can be a high speed RAM memory or a non-volatile memory, for example at least one hard disk memory.
- Communication interface 103 is used to communicate with the storage device.
- Memory 102 is used to store computer execution instructions 1021. Specifically, the program code may be included in the computer execution instruction 1021.
- the processor 101 executes the computer execution instructions 1021, and the method flow described in FIG. 2 can be performed.
- the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer program product for data processing, comprising a computer readable storage medium storing program code, the program code comprising instructions for executing the method flow described in FIG.
- the data in the SSD whose space usage rate is higher than the average space usage rate of the hard disk group is migrated to the determined destination SSD, so that the space usage rate of each SSD in the hard disk group tends to the average
- the space utilization rate thereby achieving wear leveling, prolongs the service life of the hard disk unit.
- aspects of the invention, or possible implementations of various aspects may be embodied as a system, method, or computer program product.
- aspects of the invention, or possible implementations of various aspects may be in the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, resident software, etc.), or a combination of software and hardware aspects, They are collectively referred to herein as "circuits," “modules,” or “systems.”
- aspects of the invention, or possible implementations of various aspects may take the form of a computer program product, which is a computer readable program code stored on a computer readable medium.
- the computer readable medium can be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium Quality.
- the computer readable storage medium includes, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing, such as random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), Erase programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable read-only memory (CD-ROM).
- the processor in the computer reads the computer readable program code stored in the computer readable medium, such that the processor can perform the functional actions specified in each step or combination of steps in the flowchart; A device that functions as specified in each block, or combination of blocks.
- the computer readable program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a separate software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on the remote computer, or entirely on the remote computer or server.
- the functions noted in the various steps in the flowcharts or in the blocks in the block diagrams may not occur in the order noted.
- two steps, or two blocks, shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially simultaneously, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order.
Abstract
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Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/CN2013/084093 WO2015042778A1 (zh) | 2013-09-24 | 2013-09-24 | 数据迁移方法、数据迁移装置和存储设备 |
EP13892079.8A EP2942715B1 (en) | 2013-09-24 | 2013-09-24 | Data migration method, data migration apparatus and storage device |
JP2015551104A JP6318173B2 (ja) | 2013-09-24 | 2013-09-24 | データマイグレーション方法、データマイグレーション装置及びストレージデバイス |
CN201380001625.3A CN104662518B (zh) | 2013-09-24 | 2013-09-24 | 数据迁移方法、数据迁移装置和存储设备 |
HUE13892079A HUE035390T2 (en) | 2013-09-24 | 2013-09-24 | Data migration process, data migration device and storage device |
US14/662,928 US9733844B2 (en) | 2013-09-24 | 2015-03-19 | Data migration method, data migration apparatus, and storage device |
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PCT/CN2013/084093 WO2015042778A1 (zh) | 2013-09-24 | 2013-09-24 | 数据迁移方法、数据迁移装置和存储设备 |
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US14/662,928 Continuation US9733844B2 (en) | 2013-09-24 | 2015-03-19 | Data migration method, data migration apparatus, and storage device |
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US (1) | US9733844B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2942715B1 (zh) |
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CN (1) | CN104662518B (zh) |
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JP6318173B2 (ja) | 2018-04-25 |
HUE035390T2 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
CN104662518B (zh) | 2016-05-25 |
EP2942715A1 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
JP2016503925A (ja) | 2016-02-08 |
EP2942715B1 (en) | 2017-11-08 |
CN104662518A (zh) | 2015-05-27 |
US20150193154A1 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
US9733844B2 (en) | 2017-08-15 |
EP2942715A4 (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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