WO2015041461A1 - 유기 발광 소자 - Google Patents
유기 발광 소자 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015041461A1 WO2015041461A1 PCT/KR2014/008655 KR2014008655W WO2015041461A1 WO 2015041461 A1 WO2015041461 A1 WO 2015041461A1 KR 2014008655 W KR2014008655 W KR 2014008655W WO 2015041461 A1 WO2015041461 A1 WO 2015041461A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- light emitting
- substituted
- emitting device
- organic light
- Prior art date
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- QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N lichenxanthone Natural products COC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C3=C(C)C=C(OC)C=C3OC2=C1 QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
- H10K50/16—Electron transporting layers
- H10K50/165—Electron transporting layers comprising dopants
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D307/78—Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- C07F13/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 7 or 17 of the Periodic Table
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- C09K11/025—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor non-luminescent particle coatings or suspension media
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- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
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- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
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- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
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Definitions
- the present application relates to an organic light emitting device.
- the organic light emitting device converts current into visible light by injecting electrons and holes into the organic material layer from two electrodes.
- the organic light emitting device may have a multilayer structure including two or more organic material layers.
- the organic light emitting device may further include an electron or hole injection layer, an electron or hole blocking layer, or an electron or hole transport layer, in addition to the light emitting layer.
- An organic light emitting device comprising an anode, a cathode provided to face the anode, and a light emitting layer provided between the anode and the cathode.
- the organic light emitting diode further includes a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer, which are sequentially provided from the cathode in the direction of the light emitting layer, between the cathode and the light emitting layer.
- the first layer includes an n-type organic material or metal oxide
- the second layer comprises a barrier material
- the third layer provides an organic light emitting device, characterized in that it comprises an n-type dopant.
- a stacked organic light emitting device comprising an anode, a cathode provided opposite the anode, and at least two light emitting units provided between the anode and the cathode and including a light emitting layer,
- the light emitting unit further comprising a first layer, a second layer and a third layer provided in order from the cathode in the anode direction,
- the first layer includes an n-type organic material or metal oxide
- the second layer comprises a barrier material
- the third layer provides a stacked organic light emitting device, characterized in that it comprises an n-type dopant.
- the barrier material of the second layer includes at least one of an organic-metal complex, an n-type organic substance, and a p-type organic substance.
- the first layer is formed of one n-type organic compound or metal oxide.
- the first layer is an undoped layer.
- the first embodiment further comprises an additional electron transport layer between the third layer and the light emitting layer.
- an additional electron transport layer is further included between the third layer and the light emitting layer of the light emitting unit in contact with the third layer.
- At least one of the remaining light emitting units other than the light emitting unit in contact with the anode further includes a p-type organic material layer in contact with the first layer.
- the light emitting unit in contact with the anode further includes a p-type organic compound layer as the organic material layer in contact with the anode.
- the light emitting unit in contact with the anode further includes a layer of the same material as the first layer as the organic material layer in contact with the anode.
- the light emitting unit in contact with the cathode may be provided between the cathode and the light emitting layer in order from the cathode to the light emitting layer in order. It further comprises a second layer and a third layer.
- the driving voltage rise or the device stability due to chemical reaction occurring at the junction surface of the layers provided between the electrodes or dopant interdiffusion Can be prevented efficiently.
- 1 to 6 illustrate the stacked structure of the organic light emitting diode according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present application, respectively.
- FIG. 7 to 10 illustrate a laminated structure of the stacked organic light emitting diode according to the second exemplary embodiment of the present application, respectively.
- 11 to 13 illustrate a laminated structure of light emitting units of a stacked organic light emitting diode according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- Example 14 is a graph comparing the effects of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- Example 15 is a graph comparing the effects of Example 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- 16 is a graph illustrating the efficiency of devices of Examples 3 to 5 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- 17 is a graph showing reflectance of devices of Examples 3 to 5 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- the charge means electrons or holes.
- n-type means n-type semiconductor characteristics.
- the n-type organic compound layer is an organic material layer having a property of receiving or transporting electrons at the LUMO energy level, which is an organic material layer having a property of a material having electron mobility greater than hole mobility.
- p-type means p-type semiconductor characteristics.
- the p-type organic compound layer is an organic material layer having a property of injecting or transporting holes at a high occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level, which is an organic material layer having a property of a material in which the hole mobility is larger than the electron mobility.
- HOMO high occupied molecular orbital
- n-type dopant means an electron donor material.
- the energy level means the magnitude of energy. Therefore, even when the energy level is displayed in the negative (-) direction from the vacuum level, the energy level is interpreted to mean the absolute value of the corresponding energy value.
- the HOMO energy level means the distance from the vacuum level to the highest occupied molecular orbital.
- the LUMO energy level means the distance from the vacuum level to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital.
- 'undoped' means that the compound constituting the layer is not doped by the compound having different properties.
- the 'undoped' layer consists of a p-type compound, it may mean that the n-type material is not doped.
- the 'non-doped' layer is an organic layer, it may mean that it is not doped by the inorganic material.
- the 'non-doped' layer is an inorganic layer such as a metal oxide, it may mean that it is not doped by the organic material.
- organic materials having the same properties, such as p-type properties may be used in combination of two or more because their properties are similar.
- the undoped organic material layer means a case where the property is made only of a material having homogeneous properties.
- the light emitting unit refers to a unit of an organic material layer capable of emitting light by applying voltage.
- the light emitting unit may be formed of only a light emitting layer, but may further include one or more organic material layers for injection or transport of charge.
- the light emitting unit may further include at least one of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a hole blocking layer, and an electron transport layer in addition to the light emitting layer.
- an organic light emitting device comprising an anode, a cathode provided opposite the anode, and a light emitting layer provided between the anode and the cathode, wherein the organic light emitting device is the Between the cathode and the light emitting layer, further comprising a first layer, a second layer and a third layer provided in order from the cathode in the direction of the light emitting layer, the first layer comprises an n-type organic material or a metal oxide, The second layer comprises a barrier material and the third layer comprises an n-type dopant.
- the first layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a material capable of transferring charge from the cathode to the second layer through the LUMO energy level.
- the first layer preferably has a LUMO energy level of about 4-7eV, about 10 -8 cm 2 / Vs to 1 cm 2 / Vs, preferably about 10 -6 It is desirable to have an electron mobility of cm 2 / Vs to 10 -2 cm 2 / Vs.
- the n-type organic compound layer may be formed of a material that can be vacuum deposited or a material that can be thin-film formed into a solution process.
- the material of the first layer may be 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinomimethane (F4TCNQ), fluorine-substituted 3,4, 9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA), cyano-substituted PTCDA, naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTCDA), fluorine-substituted NTCDA, cyano-substituted NTCDA or Compounds of formula 1 can be used.
- F4TCNQ 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinomimethane
- PTCDA fluorine-substituted 3,4, 9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride
- NTCDA naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride
- fluorine-substituted NTCDA cyano-sub
- R 1 to R 6 are each independently hydrogen, halogen atom, nitrile (-CN), nitro (-NO 2 ), sulfonyl (-SO 2 R), sulfoxide (-SOR), sulfonamide (-SO 2 NR ), Sulfonate (-SO 3 R), trifluoromethyl (-CF 3 ), ester (-COOR), amide (-CONHR or -CONRR '), substituted or unsubstituted straight or branched chain C 1 -C 12 alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted straight or branched chain C 1 -C 12 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted straight or branched chain C 2 -C 12 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or nonaromatic hetero Ring, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted mono- or di-arylamine, or substituted or unsubstituted aralkylamine,
- substituted or unsubstituted means a halogen atom, nitrile (-CN), nitro (-NO 2 ), sulfonyl (-SO 2 R), sulfoxide (-SOR), sulfonamide (-SO 2 NR ), Sulfonate (-SO 3 R), trifluoromethyl (-CF 3 ), ester (-COOR), amide (-CONHR or -CONRR '), alkoxy, straight chain of straight or branched C 1 -C 12 Or substituted by branched C 1 -C 12 alkyl, straight or branched C 2 -C 12 alkenyl, aromatic or nonaromatic heterocycle, aryl, mono- or di-arylamine, or aralkylamine Unsubstituted, wherein R and R 'are each C 1 -C 60 alkyl, aryl or 5-7 membered hetero rings.
- the compound of Formula 1 may be exemplified by the compound of Formula 1-1 to 1-6.
- a metal oxide may be used as the material of the first layer.
- the metal oxides are molybdenum trioxide (MoO 3 ), Re 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , CuI, WO 3 , V 2 O 5 .
- 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnaphthacene may be used as the material of the first layer.
- the first layer is formed of one n-type organic compound or metal oxide.
- the first layer is an undoped layer.
- the first layer may be a doped layer of an n-type organic material and a p-type organic material.
- the third layer includes an n-type dopant.
- the third layer may increase the density of charge carriers of the organic material layer by the n-type dopant, thereby improving charge transport efficiency in the device.
- balancing of charges can be achieved in the light emitting region of the organic light emitting diode.
- balancing means recombination in the emission region to make the density of the holes and electrons participating in the emission maximized and the same.
- the organic light emitting device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present specification may exhibit much better low voltage, high brightness, and high efficiency characteristics.
- the n-type dopant is not particularly limited as long as it is an electron donor material.
- the n-type dopant may be organic or inorganic.
- an alkali metal such as Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs or Fr
- Alkaline earth metals such as Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba or Ra
- Rare earth metals such as La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Th, Dy, Ho, Er, Em, Gd, Yb, Lu, Y or Mn
- a metal compound including at least one of the above metals Or a metal compound including at least one of the above metals.
- the n-type dopant is an organic material including cyclopentadiene, cycloheptatriene, 6-membered heterocycle or a condensed ring containing these rings, specifically xanthene-based, acridine-based, diphenylamine-based, azine-based, jade
- Organic materials such as photographic, thiazine-based or thioxanthene-based may be used.
- 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinomimethane (F4TCNQ) or the like may be used as the doped organic material.
- the doping concentration of the n-type dopant may be up to 30% by weight, may be up to 10% by weight, may be from 0.01 to 30% by weight, may be from 0.01 to 10% by weight, may be from 0.01 to 5% by weight. have.
- an electron transporting material may be used as the host material doped by the n-type dopant.
- Any material used as an electron transporting material in the art may be used without particular limitation.
- a compound having a functional group selected from imidazole group, oxazole group, thiazole group, quinoline and phenanthrosine group can be used as an example of the host material of the third layer.
- the thickness of the organic material layer of the third layer is preferably less than 500 kPa. Within this thickness range, the decrease in luminous efficiency can be minimized by absorbing visible light by the n-type dopant. As an example, the thickness of the third layer is less than 100 mm 3. As an example, the thickness of the third layer is 10 kPa or more.
- the second layer includes a barrier material.
- the barrier material refers to a physical barrier, not an electrical barrier.
- the physical barrier refers to a layer that physically prevents diffusion of the n-type dopant doped from the third layer. Therefore, if the material of the second layer is used as a material advantageous to physically prevent the diffusion of the n-type dopant, it can be used without particular limitation. In addition, since the second layer moves electrons and carriers by tunneling, a wide material can be used regardless of the energy level of the layer adjacent to the second layer.
- the second layer is disposed between the first layer and the third layer, it is possible to prevent chemical reaction between the first layer and the third layer or internal diffusion of the dopant, thereby preventing the driving voltage rise.
- the device stability can be improved.
- the barrier material of the second layer includes an organo-metal complex.
- organo-metal complex complexes of heavy metals and organic ligands may be used.
- the heavy metal may include Zn, Pt, Ir, and the like.
- the organic ligand has an elongated form having a three-dimensional structure with a long length of one axis. In the case of having an organic ligand structure of such a structure, packing may occur well when forming a layer.
- barrier material of the second layer include at least one of organo-metal complexes, n-type organics and p-type organics.
- the n-type organic material may be used the above-mentioned electron transport material.
- a p-type organic material described below the p-type organic material may be used.
- the thickness of the second layer may be 1 nm to 3 nm, but is not limited thereto.
- the first embodiment further comprises an additional electron transport layer between the third layer and the light emitting layer.
- an additional electron transporting layer material an electron transporting material can be used. Any material used as an electron transporting material in the art may be used without particular limitation.
- the host material of the third layer and the material of the additional electron transport layer may be the same.
- one or more organic material layers may be further included between the light emitting layer and the anode.
- a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer or a layer for simultaneously injecting and transporting a hole may be further included.
- FIG. 1 to 6 illustrate a laminated structure of the organic light emitting device according to the first embodiment.
- an anode, a light emitting layer (EML), a third layer, a second layer, a first layer and a cathode are sequentially stacked.
- a hole transport layer HTL is provided between the emission layer EML and the anode.
- a hole transport layer HTL and a hole injection layer HIL are provided between the emission layer EML and the anode.
- an additional electron transport layer ETL is provided between the third layer and the light emitting layer EML.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and an additional organic material layer may be further provided as necessary.
- the stacked organic light emitting device includes an anode, a cathode provided to face the anode, and a stacked organic light emitting device including two or more light emitting units provided between the anode and the cathode and including a light emitting layer.
- the second layer comprises a barrier material and the third layer comprises an n-type dopant.
- Two or more light emitting units may be included.
- the light emitting unit may be two, three, four or five.
- FIG. 7 and 8 illustrate stacked organic light emitting diodes including two and three light emitting units, respectively.
- the present invention is not limited thereto and may include four or more light emitting units.
- a description of the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer of the first embodiment may be applied to the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer of the second embodiment.
- an additional electron transport layer is further included between the third layer and the light emitting layer of the light emitting unit in contact with the third layer.
- the above description of the additional electron transport layer of the first embodiment can also be applied to the additional electron transport layer.
- At least one of the remaining light emitting units other than the light emitting unit in contact with the anode further includes a p-type organic material layer in contact with the first layer.
- the difference between the HOMO energy level of the p-type organic compound layer and the LUMO energy level of the first layer is 2 eV or less.
- the difference between the HOMO energy level of the p-type organic compound layer and the LUMO energy level of the first layer may be greater than 0 eV and less than or equal to 2 eV, or greater than 0 eV and less than or equal to 0.5 eV.
- the material of the p-type organic compound layer and the first layer is such that a difference between the HOMO energy level of the p-type organic compound layer and the LUMO energy level of the first layer is 0.01 eV or more and 2 eV or less. Can be selected.
- the energy difference between the HOMO energy level of the p-type organic compound layer and the LUMO energy level of the first layer is 2 eV or less
- NP bonding may easily occur between the p-type organic compound layer and the first layer when they are in contact with each other.
- the difference between the HOMO energy level of the p-type organic compound layer and the LUMO energy level of the first layer is reduced. Therefore, when voltage is applied, holes and electrons are easily formed from the NP junction. In this case, the driving voltage for electron injection can be lowered.
- an organic material having a p-type semiconductor characteristic may be used.
- an aryl amine compound may be used.
- One example of the arylamine-based compound is a compound of the formula (2).
- Ar 1 , Ar 2 and Ar 3 are each independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group. At this time, at least one of Ar 1 , Ar 2 and Ar 3 may include an aromatic hydrocarbon substituent, each substituent may be the same, or may be composed of different substituents.
- the non-aromatic hydrocarbons are hydrogen; Straight, branched or cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons; It may be a heterocyclic group including N, O, S or Se.
- Chemical Formula 2 include the following chemical formulas, but the scope of the embodiments described herein is not necessarily limited thereto.
- the p-type organic compound layer is undoped.
- the light emitting unit in contact with the anode further includes a p-type organic compound layer as the organic material layer in contact with the anode.
- the light emitting unit in contact with the anode further includes a layer of the same material as the first layer as the organic material layer in contact with the anode.
- the difference between the LUMO energy level of the layer of the same material as the first layer and the work function of the anode material can be adjusted within 4 eV or less.
- This energy difference is preferably more than 0 eV. In terms of material selection, it may be selected from about 0.01 to 4 eV. It is advantageous for the energy difference of 4 eV or less to show the effect of surface dipole or gap state on the energy barrier of hole injection.
- the light emitting unit in contact with the cathode may be provided between the cathode and the light emitting layer in order from the cathode to the light emitting layer in order. It further comprises a second layer and a third layer.
- one or more organic material layers may be further included between the anode or the first layer and the light emitting layer.
- a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer or a layer for simultaneously injecting and transporting a hole may be further included.
- FIG. 9 is a light emitting unit including a light emitting layer and a p-type organic compound layer
- FIG. 10 is a light emitting unit including a light emitting layer, a hole transport layer and a p-type organic compound layer
- Figure 11 is a light emitting unit including an electron transport layer, a light emitting layer, a hole transport layer and a p-type organic compound layer This is illustrated.
- the present invention is not limited to the structure of these drawings, and the light emitting unit may be configured to include layers other than the light emitting layer, or may further include additional layers.
- the anode includes a metal, metal oxide or conductive polymer.
- the conductive polymer may include an electrically conductive polymer.
- the anode may have a work function value of about 3.5 to 5.5 eV.
- exemplary conductive materials include carbon, aluminum, vanadium, chromium, copper, zinc, silver, gold, other metals and alloys thereof; Zinc oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide and other similar metal oxides; And mixtures of oxides and metals such as ZnO: Al and SnO 2 : Sb.
- a transparent material may be used, and an opaque material may be used. In the case of a structure that emits light in the anode direction, the anode may be formed transparently.
- transparent means that the light emitted from the organic material layer can be transmitted, the light transmittance is not particularly limited.
- the organic light emitting device according to the present specification is a top emission type and the anode is formed on the substrate before the formation of the organic material layer and the cathode
- a transparent material not only a transparent material but also an opaque material having excellent light reflectance may be used as the anode material.
- a transparent material is used as the anode material or formed into a thin film such that the opaque material becomes transparent. Should be.
- the anode surface may be treated with nitrogen plasma or oxygen plasma.
- the Fermi level of the anode due to the plasma treatment is increased during the oxygen plasma treatment, and lowered in the nitrogen plasma treatment.
- the cathode material As the cathode material, a material having a small work function is generally preferred to facilitate electron injection. However, when forming the first layer adjacent to the cathode, the cathode material can be selected from materials having various work functions. For example, a material having a work function of 2 eV to 5 eV may be used as the cathode material.
- the cathode is, but is not limited to, metals such as magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, titanium, indium, yttrium, lithium, gadolinium, aluminum, silver, tin and lead or alloys thereof; Multilayer structure materials such as LiF / Al or LiO 2 / Al, and the like.
- the cathode material When Al is used as the cathode material, an element capable of operating efficiently can be provided by using alone or in combination with LiF or Liq.
- the device according to the prior art does not work well when used alone or in combination with LiF or Liq.
- the organic layer doped with metal should be used.
- a material having a large work function such as Ag can be used as the cathode material without the metal layer or the organic layer doped with the metal as described above.
- a transparent conductive oxide having a high work function such as IZO (work function 4.8 to 5.2 eV) may be used as the cathode material.
- the cathode of a material having a large work function such as Al or Ag it is necessary to dope a metal in an organic material layer or an inorganic material such as a LiF layer between the organic material layer and the cathode.
- a work function of more than 2 eV and less than 3.5 eV can be used as the cathode material.
- the cathode even when the cathode is in contact with the organic material layer, the cathode may be formed by using a material having a work function of 3.5 eV or more by the first p-type organic material layer and the first n-type organic material layer.
- the cathode is provided to be in physical contact with the organic material layer, and the cathode is made of a material having a work function of 3.5 eV or more.
- the cathode is provided to be in physical contact with the organic material layer, the cathode is composed of a material having a work function of 4eV or more.
- the cathode is provided to be in physical contact with the organic material layer, and the cathode is made of a material having a work function of 4.5 eV or more.
- the upper limit of the work function of the material which comprises the said cathode is not specifically limited, A material of 5.5 eV or less can be used from a viewpoint of material selection.
- the cathode may be formed of the same material as the anode.
- the cathode can be formed of the materials exemplified above as the material of the anode.
- the cathode or anode may comprise a transparent material.
- the organic light emitting device may be a device including a light extraction structure.
- the organic light emitting device further includes a substrate on a surface opposite to the surface on which the organic layer of the anode or cathode is provided, between the substrate and the anode or cathode, or the anode or
- the light extraction layer further includes a surface opposite to the surface on which the cathode is provided.
- the substrate may further include an internal light extraction layer between the anode and the cathode and the substrate provided on the surface opposite to the surface on which the organic layer of the anode or cathode is provided.
- an external light extracting layer may be further provided on an opposite surface of the substrate on which the anode or the cathode is provided.
- the internal light extraction layer or the external light extraction layer is not particularly limited as long as it can induce light scattering and improve the light extraction efficiency of the device.
- the light extraction layer may be formed using a film having a structure in which scattering particles are dispersed in a binder or having an unevenness.
- the light extraction layer may be formed directly on the substrate by a method such as spin coating, bar coating, slit coating, or the like by forming and attaching a film.
- the inner light extraction layer or the outer light extraction layer may further include a flat layer.
- the organic light emitting device is a flexible organic light emitting device.
- the substrate comprises a flexible material.
- a glass, plastic or film substrate in the form of a flexible thin film.
- the material of the plastic substrate is not particularly limited, but generally, films such as PET, PEN, PEEK, and PI may be used in the form of a single layer or a multilayer.
- a display device including the organic light emitting device is provided.
- the organic light emitting diode may serve as a pixel or a backlight.
- Other configurations of the display device may include those known in the art.
- a lighting device including the organic light emitting device.
- the organic light emitting element serves as a light emitting unit.
- Other configurations required for the lighting device may be applied to those known in the art.
- a 1000 nm thick transparent anode was formed on the substrate by sputtering of ITO, and a HAT was thermally vacuum deposited to form an n-type organic material having a thickness of 500 ms, and thereafter vacuum-deposited NPB of the formula
- An NP junction was formed by forming a hole transport layer of 400 kPa.
- 10 wt% of Ir (ppy) 3 of the following formula was added to CBP of the following formula, and a light emitting layer having a thickness of 300 ⁇ s was formed from the doped organic layer.
- BAlq which is a hole blocking layer material of the following formula, was formed thereon to a thickness of 50 kPa.
- An electron transporting material of the following formula was formed thereon to a thickness of 150 kPa, and 10 wt% of Ca was doped into the electron transporting material of the following formula to form a third layer, which is a doped electron transporting layer, having a thickness of 50 kPa. Subsequently, a layer having a thickness of 30 mm 3 was formed using a CuPc material as the second layer. Subsequently, a HAT (first layer) / NPB / CBP + Ir (ppy) 3 / BAlq / ETL / Ca + ETL unit device structure was further formed on the second layer by the method described above. A stacked organic light emitting diode was manufactured by forming aluminum on the doped Ca electron transporting layer with a cathode thickness of 1,000 ⁇ .
- the deposition rate of the organic material was maintained at 0.5 ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ / sec, the vacuum degree during deposition was maintained at about 2 ⁇ 10 -8 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 10 -7 torr.
- a laminated organic light emitting device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the thickness of the second layer was set to 15 GPa.
- a laminated organic light emitting device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the doping concentration of Ca in the third layer was 7 wt%.
- a laminated organic light emitting device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the doping concentration of Ca in the third layer was 5% by weight.
- a laminated organic light emitting device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the doping concentration of Ca in the third layer was 3% by weight.
- a laminated organic light emitting device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the doping concentration of Ca in the third layer was 2% by weight.
- a laminated organic light emitting device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the second layer was not formed.
- a laminated organic light emitting device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the second layer was not formed.
- the difference between the initial voltage of 0 hr and the voltage after 200 hr was measured under driving conditions of 60 ° C. and 20 mA / cm 2 , and is shown in Table 1 and FIG. 14.
- Example 1 has a thicker second layer compared to Example 2, in which case a greater improvement is shown.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (25)
- 애노드, 상기 애노드에 대향하여 구비된 캐소드, 및 상기 애노드 및 상기 캐소드 사이에 구비된 발광층을 포함하는 유기 발광 소자로서,상기 유기 발광 소자는 상기 캐소드와 상기 발광층 사이에, 상기 캐소드로부터 상기 발광층 방향으로 순서대로 구비된 제1 층, 제2 층 및 제3 층을 더 포함하고,상기 제1 층은 n형 유기물 또는 금속 산화물을 포함하며,상기 제2 층은 배리어 물질을 포함하고,상기 제3 층은 n형 도펀트를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제2 층의 배리어 물질은 유기-금속 착체, n형 유기물 및 p형 유기물 중 1종 이상을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1 층은 1종의 n형 유기물 또는 금속 산화물로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1 층은 비도핑된 층인 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1 층은 2,3,5,6-테트라플루오로-7,7,8,8-테트라시아노퀴노디메탄(F4TCNQ), 불소-치환된 3,4,9,10-페릴렌테트라카르복실릭 디안하이드라이드(PTCDA), 시아노-치환된 PTCDA, 나프탈렌테트라카르복실릭디안하이드라이드(NTCDA), 불소-치환된 NTCDA, 시아노-치환된 NTCDA 또는 하기 화학식 1의 화합물, MoO3, Re2O3, Al2O3, CuI, WO3, V2O5, 또는 5,6,11,12-테트라페닐나프타센(5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnaphthacene, rubrene)를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 발광 소자:[화학식 1]상기 화학식 1에 있어서,R1 내지 R6은 각각 수소, 할로겐 원자, 니트릴(-CN), 니트로(-NO2), 술포닐(-SO2R), 술폭사이드(-SOR), 술폰아미드(-SO2NR), 술포네이트(-SO3R), 트리플루오로메틸(-CF3), 에스테르(-COOR), 아미드(-CONHR 또는 -CONRR'), 치환 또는 비치환된 직쇄 또는 분지쇄 C1-C12의 알콕시, 치환 또는 비치환된 직쇄 또는 분지쇄 C1-C12의 알킬, 치환 또는 비치환된 직쇄 또는 분지쇄 C2-C12의 알케닐, 치환 또는 비치환된 방향족 또는 비방향족의 헤테로 고리, 치환 또는 비치환된 아릴, 치환 또는 비치환된 모노- 또는 디-아릴아민, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 아랄킬아민이고, 상기 R 및 R'는 각각 치환 또는 비치환된 C1-C60의 알킬, 치환 또는 비치환된 아릴 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 5-7원 헤테로 고리이다.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제3 층의 n형 도펀트의 도핑 농도는 30 중량% 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제3 층의 n형 도펀트의 도핑 농도는 10 중량% 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제3 층과 상기 발광층 사이에 추가의 전자 수송층을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 발광 소자.
- 애노드, 상기 애노드에 대향하여 구비된 캐소드, 및 상기 애노드 및 상기 캐소드 사이에 구비되고 발광층을 포함하는 2개 이상의 발광유닛을 포함하는 적층형 유기 발광 소자로서,상기 발광유닛들 사이에, 상기 캐소드로부터 상기 애노드 방향으로 순서대로 구비된 제1 층, 제2 층 및 제3 층을 더 포함하고,상기 제1 층은 n형 유기물 또는 금속 산화물을 포함하며,상기 제2 층은 배리어 물질을 포함하고,상기 제3 층은 n형 도펀트를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 적층형 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 9에 있어서, 상기 제2 층의 배리어 물질은 유기-금속 착체, n형 유기물 및 p형 유기물 중 1종 이상을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 적층형 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 9에 있어서, 상기 제1 층은 1종의 n형 유기물 또는 금속 산화물로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 적층형 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 9에 있어서, 상기 제1 층은 비도핑된 층인 것을 특징으로 하는 적층형 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 9에 있어서, 상기 제1 층은 2,3,5,6-테트라플루오로-7,7,8,8-테트라시아노퀴노디메탄(F4TCNQ), 불소-치환된 3,4,9,10-페릴렌테트라카르복실릭 디안하이드라이드(PTCDA), 시아노-치환된 PTCDA, 나프탈렌테트라카르복실릭디안하이드라이드(NTCDA), 불소-치환된 NTCDA, 시아노-치환된 NTCDA 또는 하기 화학식 1의 화합물, MoO3, Re2O3, Al2O3, CuI, WO3, V2O5, 또는 5,6,11,12-테트라페닐나프타센(5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnaphthacene, rubrene)를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 적층형 유기 발광 소자:[화학식 1]상기 화학식 1에 있어서,R1 내지 R6은 각각 수소, 할로겐 원자, 니트릴(-CN), 니트로(-NO2), 술포닐(-SO2R), 술폭사이드(-SOR), 술폰아미드(-SO2NR), 술포네이트(-SO3R), 트리플루오로메틸(-CF3), 에스테르(-COOR), 아미드(-CONHR 또는 -CONRR'), 치환 또는 비치환된 직쇄 또는 분지쇄 C1-C12의 알콕시, 치환 또는 비치환된 직쇄 또는 분지쇄 C1-C12의 알킬, 치환 또는 비치환된 직쇄 또는 분지쇄 C2-C12의 알케닐, 치환 또는 비치환된 방향족 또는 비방향족의 헤테로고리, 치환 또는 비치환된 아릴, 치환 또는 비치환된 모노- 또는 디-아릴아민, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 아랄킬아민이고, 상기 R 및 R'는 각각 치환 또는 비치환된 C1-C60의 알킬, 치환 또는 비치환된 아릴 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 5-7원 헤테로 고리이다.
- 청구항 9에 있어서, 상기 제3 층의 n형 도펀트의 도핑 농도는 30 중량% 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 적층형 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 9에 있어서, 상기 제3 층의 n형 도펀트의 도핑 농도는 10 중량% 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 적층형 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 9에 있어서, 상기 제3 층과, 상기 제3 층과 접하는 발광유닛의 발광층 사이에 추가의 전자 수송층을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 적층형 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 9에 있어서, 상기 애노드에 접하는 발광유닛을 제외한 나머지 발광유닛들 중 적어도 하나는 상기 제1 층에 접하는 p형 유기물층을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 적층형 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 17에 있어서, 상기 제1 층의 LUMO 에너지 준위와 상기 p형 유기물층의 HOMO 에너지 준위의 차이는 2eV 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 적층형 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 9에 있어서, 상기 애노드에 접하는 발광유닛은 상기 애노드에 접하는 유기물층으로서 상기 제1 층과 동일한 재료의 층을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 적층형 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 9에 있어서, 상기 캐소드에 접하는 발광유닛은 상기 캐소드와 상기 발광층 사이에, 상기 캐소드로부터 상기 발광층 방향으로 순서대로 구비된 제1 층, 제2 층 및 제3 층을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 적층형 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 1 내지 20 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 상기 캐소드 또는 상기 애노드의 유기물층이 구비된 면의 반대면에 구비된 기판이 더 구비되고, 상기 캐소드 또는 상기 애노드와 상기 기판 사이에 구비된 광추출층을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 1 내지 20 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 상기 캐소드 또는 상기 애노드의 유기물층이 구비된 면의 반대면에 구비된 기판이 더 구비되고, 상기 기판의 애노드 또는 캐소드가 구비된 면의 반대면에 구비된 광추출층을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 1 내지 20 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 상기 유기 발광 소자는 플렉서블 유기 발광 소자인 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 발광 소자.
- 청구항 1 내지 20 중 어느 하나의 항의 유기 발광 소자를 포함하는 디스플레이.
- 청구항 1 내지 20 중 어느 하나의 항의 유기 발광 소자를 포함하는 조명.
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3016158A1 (en) | 2016-05-04 |
TWI618273B (zh) | 2018-03-11 |
CN105474422A (zh) | 2016-04-06 |
EP3016158B1 (en) | 2023-07-12 |
US10403844B2 (en) | 2019-09-03 |
EP3016158A4 (en) | 2017-04-26 |
JP2016536805A (ja) | 2016-11-24 |
CN105474422B (zh) | 2018-02-09 |
TW201526326A (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
TWI657608B (zh) | 2019-04-21 |
US20180226603A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 |
KR20150032226A (ko) | 2015-03-25 |
US20160204360A1 (en) | 2016-07-14 |
JP6503363B2 (ja) | 2019-04-17 |
KR101789069B1 (ko) | 2017-10-23 |
TW201705578A (zh) | 2017-02-01 |
US9966552B2 (en) | 2018-05-08 |
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