WO2015041290A1 - 診断装置 - Google Patents
診断装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015041290A1 WO2015041290A1 PCT/JP2014/074688 JP2014074688W WO2015041290A1 WO 2015041290 A1 WO2015041290 A1 WO 2015041290A1 JP 2014074688 W JP2014074688 W JP 2014074688W WO 2015041290 A1 WO2015041290 A1 WO 2015041290A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2067—Urea
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/208—Hydrocarbons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
- F01N2550/02—Catalytic activity of catalytic converters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
- F01N2590/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for heavy duty applications, e.g. trucks, buses, tractors, locomotives
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1631—Heat amount provided to exhaust apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a diagnostic apparatus, and more particularly, to a deterioration diagnosis of an oxidation catalyst provided in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine.
- an exhaust purification catalyst As an exhaust purification catalyst provided in an exhaust system of a diesel engine or the like, hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) contained in exhaust gas are oxidized, and nitric oxide (NO) is oxidized to nitrogen dioxide (NO).
- An oxidation catalyst Diesel Oxidation Catalyst: DOC) generating NO 2 ) is known.
- SCR selective catalytic reduction
- NH 3 ammonia
- the NO 2 value is estimated by multiplying the detected value of the NO x sensor provided on the downstream side of the SCR by the ratio of NO 2 to NO contained in the exhaust gas, thereby indicating the deterioration state of the DOC.
- Techniques for determining are disclosed.
- the disclosed diagnostic device aims to perform DOC deterioration diagnosis with high accuracy.
- the disclosed diagnostic apparatus is provided in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, and is provided in an oxidation catalyst that oxidizes at least hydrocarbons and nitrogen monoxide in the exhaust, and in an exhaust system downstream of the oxidation catalyst, Based on the selective reduction catalyst that reduces and purifies NOx contained in the exhaust as a reducing agent, and the NOx values on the upstream side and downstream side of the selective reduction catalyst, the catalyst temperature of the selective reduction catalyst is within a predetermined low temperature range.
- a first purification rate calculating means for calculating a low temperature side NOx purification rate when the catalyst temperature of the selective reduction catalyst is in a predetermined high temperature range, and at least the oxidation catalyst
- a second purification rate calculating means for calculating a hydrocarbon purification rate of the oxidation catalyst based on a difference in exhaust heat quantity between the upstream side and the downstream side; the calculated low temperature side NOx purification rate; the high temperature side NOx purification rate; , Based on the hydrocarbon purification ratio, and a determination means for determining deterioration of the oxidation catalyst.
- DOC degradation diagnosis can be performed with high accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic overall configuration diagram showing an intake / exhaust system of an engine to which a diagnostic device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a schematic diagram explaining the energy preservation
- (A) is a diagram comparing NO oxidation ability (NO 2 generation performance) of normal DOC and degraded DOC
- (b) is a comparison of HC oxidation ability (HC purification performance) of normal DOC and degraded DOC
- a diesel engine (hereinafter simply referred to as an engine) 10 is provided with an intake manifold 10a and an exhaust manifold 10b.
- An intake passage 11 for introducing fresh air is connected to the intake manifold 10a, and an exhaust passage 12 for releasing exhaust gas to the atmosphere is connected to the exhaust manifold 10b.
- an air cleaner 30, a MAF sensor 31, a supercharger compressor 32a, and an intercooler 33 are provided in this order from the intake upstream side.
- a turbocharger turbine 32b, a pre-stage post-treatment device 14, and a post-stage post-treatment device 20 are provided in order from the exhaust upstream side.
- reference numeral 36 denotes an outside air temperature sensor.
- the pre-stage post-treatment device 14 is configured by arranging a DOC 15 and a DPF 16 in order from the exhaust upstream side in a cylindrical catalyst case 14a.
- An exhaust pipe injection device 13 is provided upstream of the DOC 15, a DOC inlet temperature sensor 18 is provided upstream of the DOC 15, and a DOC outlet temperature sensor 19 is provided downstream of the DOC 15.
- a differential pressure sensor 17 that detects a differential pressure between the upstream side and the downstream side of the DPF 16 is provided before and after the DPF 16.
- the exhaust pipe injection device 13 injects unburned fuel (HC) into the exhaust passage 12 in accordance with an instruction signal output from an electronic control unit (hereinafter, ECU) 40.
- ECU electronice control unit
- this in-pipe injection device 13 may be omitted.
- the DOC 15 is formed, for example, by supporting a catalyst component on the surface of a ceramic carrier such as a cordierite honeycomb structure.
- a ceramic carrier such as a cordierite honeycomb structure.
- the DPF 16 is formed, for example, by arranging a large number of cells partitioned by porous partition walls along the flow direction of the exhaust gas and alternately plugging the upstream side and the downstream side of these cells.
- the DPF 16 collects PM in the exhaust gas in the pores and surfaces of the partition walls, and when the amount of accumulated PM reaches a predetermined amount, so-called forced regeneration is performed to remove the PM.
- the forced regeneration is performed by supplying unburned fuel (HC) to the DOC 15 by the exhaust pipe injection device 13 or post injection, and increasing the exhaust temperature flowing into the DPF 16 to the PM combustion temperature (for example, about 600 ° C.). .
- the PM accumulation amount can be obtained from the sensor value of the differential pressure sensor 17.
- the DOC inlet temperature sensor 18 detects the upstream exhaust temperature (hereinafter referred to as DOC inlet exhaust temperature) flowing into the DOC 15.
- the DOC outlet temperature sensor 19 detects the downstream exhaust temperature flowing out of the DOC 15 (hereinafter, DOC outlet exhaust temperature). The detection values of these temperature sensors 18, 19 are output to the electrically connected ECU 40.
- the post-stage post-treatment device 20 includes, in order from the exhaust upstream side, a urea water injection device 21 and an SCR 22 disposed in a cylindrical catalyst case 20a.
- An SCR inlet temperature sensor 23 and an SCR inlet NOx sensor 24 are provided on the upstream side of the SCR 22, and an SCR outlet NOx sensor 25 is provided on the downstream side of the SCR 22.
- the urea water injection device 21 injects urea water in a urea water tank (not shown) into the exhaust passage 12 between the pre-stage post-treatment device 14 and the post-stage post-treatment device 20 in response to an instruction signal output from the ECU 40. To do.
- the injected urea water is hydrolyzed by exhaust heat to generate NH 3 and is supplied as a reducing agent to the downstream SCR 22.
- the SCR 22 is formed, for example, by supporting zeolite or the like on the surface of a ceramic carrier such as a honeycomb structure.
- the SCR 22 adsorbs NH 3 supplied as a reducing agent and reduces and purifies NOx from the exhaust gas passing through the adsorbed NH 3 .
- the SCR inlet temperature sensor 23 detects the upstream exhaust temperature (hereinafter referred to as SCR inlet exhaust temperature) flowing into the SCR 22.
- the SCR inlet NOx sensor 24 detects the NOx value in the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR 22.
- the SCR outlet NOx sensor 25 detects the NOx value in the exhaust gas flowing out from the SCR 22. The detection values of these sensors 23 to 25 are output to the electrically connected ECU 40.
- the ECU 40 performs various controls of the engine 10, the exhaust pipe injection device 13, the urea water injection device 21, and the like, and includes a known CPU, ROM, RAM, input port, output port, and the like.
- the ECU 40 includes a NOx purification rate calculation unit 41, an HC heat generation rate calculation unit 42, a NOx purification rate determination unit 43, an HC purification rate determination unit 44, and a deterioration determination unit 45 as some functional elements. .
- Each of these functional elements will be described as being included in the ECU 40 which is an integral hardware, but any one of them can be provided in separate hardware.
- the NOx purification rate calculation unit 41 is an example of the first purification rate calculation means of the present invention, and based on the following formula 1, the low temperature side NOx purification rate NC LOW% of the SCR 22 and the high temperature side NOx purification rate NC HIGH Calculate % .
- the low temperature side NOx purification rate NC LOW% is calculated when the SCR inlet exhaust temperature acquired by the SCR inlet temperature sensor 23 is within a range of 180 to 280 degrees, for example.
- the high temperature side NOx purification rate NC HIGH% is calculated when the SCR inlet exhaust temperature acquired by the SCR inlet temperature sensor 23 exceeds, for example, 280 degrees.
- NOx in is the NOx value in the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR 22 and is acquired by the SCR inlet NOx sensor 24.
- NOx OUT is the NOx value in the exhaust gas flowing out from the SCR 22 and is acquired by the SCR outlet NOx sensor 25.
- the HC heat generation rate calculation unit 42 is an example of the second purification rate calculation means of the present invention, and calculates the heat generation rate (purification rate) of HC oxidized in the DOC 15 when the DPF 16 is forcibly regenerated.
- the heat generation rate purification rate
- the actual calorific value C act of HC supplied from the in-pipe injection device 13 to the DOC 15 at the time of forced regeneration is the exhaust between the exhaust energy Q in upstream of the DOC 15 and the exhaust energy Q out downstream. This is obtained by adding the amount of heat loss Q lost released from the DOC 15 to the outside air to the energy difference ⁇ Q.
- the upstream side exhaust energy Q in is calculated based on the following formula 2
- the downstream side exhaust energy Q out is calculated based on the following formula 3.
- c exh represents exhaust specific heat.
- m exh is the exhaust gas flow rate, and is obtained from the detection value of the MAF sensor 31, the fuel injection amount of the engine 10, and the like.
- the exhaust flow rate m exh may be obtained directly from an exhaust flow sensor (not shown) or the like.
- T DOC_in is the DOC inlet exhaust temperature, and is acquired by the DOC inlet temperature sensor 18.
- T DOC_out is the DOC outlet exhaust temperature, and is acquired by the DOC outlet temperature sensor 19.
- the heat loss amount Q natural due to natural convection is calculated based on the following Equation 4.
- a s represents the effective area of the outer peripheral surface of DOC15 (or, the outer circumferential surface of a portion DOC15 of catalyst case 14a is provided).
- T DOC_brick is the internal temperature of the DOC 15 and is obtained as an average value of the DOC inlet exhaust temperature T DOC_in and the DOC outlet exhaust temperature T DOC_out .
- T ambient is the outside air temperature and is acquired by the outside air temperature sensor 36.
- h n is a heat transfer coefficient of natural convection and is obtained from Equation 5 below.
- Equation 5 k represents the thermal conductivity of air.
- L n is the representative length of the DOC 15 and is appropriately set according to the capacity of the DOC 15 and the like.
- Nu n represents the Nusselt number of natural convection.
- the DOC 15 has a columnar shape, and the catalyst case 14a that accommodates the DOC 15 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. Therefore, it is considered that the oxidation heat generated in the DOC 15 is dissipated to the outside air through the entire surface of the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the DOC 15 and the catalyst case 14a. Assuming that the heat radiation by natural convection is transmitted from the entire surface of the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder with the axis oriented in the horizontal direction, the Nusselt number Nu n can be obtained from the following formula 6 where the glassphos number is Gr and the Prandtl number is Pr.
- the heat loss amount Q forced due to forced convection is calculated based on the following Equation 7.
- a f indicates the effective area of the outer peripheral surface of the DOC 15 (or the outer peripheral surface of the portion where the DOC 15 of the catalyst case 14a is provided).
- T DOC_brick is the internal temperature of the DOC 15 and is obtained as an average value of the DOC inlet exhaust temperature T DOC_in and the DOC outlet exhaust temperature T DOC_out .
- T ambient is the outside air temperature and is acquired by the outside air temperature sensor 36.
- h f is a heat transfer coefficient of forced convection and is obtained from the following Equation 8.
- L f is the representative length of the DOC 15 and is appropriately set according to the capacity of the DOC 15 and the like.
- Nu f indicates the Nusselt number of forced convection.
- the catalyst case 14a accommodating the DOC 15 is fixed to the lower part of the chassis frame S of the vehicle body, and a transmission TM or the like is disposed in front thereof. Therefore, it can be assumed that the traveling wind flowing from the front of the vehicle body to the lower part during traveling is a turbulent flow on a flat plate that affects only the lower surface of the DOC 15 (or the catalyst case 14a). That is, the Nusselt number Nu f of forced convection is obtained from the following formula 9 derived by solving a turbulent heat transfer equation on a flat plate.
- Equation 9 Re represents the Reynolds number.
- the Reynolds number Re is obtained from Equation 10 below, where the average velocity of air is v, the air density is ⁇ , the representative length of DOC 15 is L, and the kinematic viscosity coefficient is ⁇ .
- the HC heat generation rate calculation unit 42 calculates an exhaust energy difference ⁇ Q between the upstream exhaust energy Q in calculated based on the above-described equation 2 and the downstream exhaust energy Q out calculated based on the above-described equation 3.
- the HC actual heat generation amount C act in the DOC 15 at the time of forced regeneration is calculated.
- the HC actual heat generation rate C ACT% in the DOC 15 is calculated by dividing the HC actual heat generation amount C act by the theoretical heat generation amount C theo of the exhaust pipe injection (or post injection).
- the NOx purification rate determination unit 43 is an example of a determination unit of the present invention, and is based on the low temperature side NOx purification rate NC LOW% and the high temperature side NOx purification rate NC HIGH% calculated by the NOx purification rate calculation unit 41. Then, a decrease in the NOx purification rate in the SCR 22 is determined. More specifically, the ECU 40 has a NOx purification rate threshold value NC STD% (for example, a solid line in FIG. 4) obtained in advance by experiments or the like when NO and NO 2 in the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR 22 make the DOC 15 normal. It is remembered.
- NC STD% for example, a solid line in FIG. 4
- the NOx purification rate determination unit 43 calculates the difference ⁇ NC LOW% between the low temperature side NOx purification rate NC LOW% and the NOx purification rate threshold value NC STD% , and the high temperature side NOx purification rate NC HIGH% and the NOx purification rate threshold value NC STD% .
- the difference ⁇ NC HIGH% reaches a predetermined upper threshold ⁇ NC MAX , it is determined that the NOx purification rates on the low temperature side and the high temperature side are lowered.
- the HC purification rate determination unit 44 is an example of a determination unit of the invention, and determines a decrease in the HC purification rate in the DOC 15 based on the HC actual heat generation rate C ACT% calculated by the HC heat generation rate calculation unit 42. More specifically, the ECU 40 stores an HC heat generation rate threshold value C STD% obtained in advance by experiments or the like when a predetermined amount of HC is almost completely oxidized in the DOC 15. The HC purification rate determination unit 44 determines that the HC purification rate of the DOC 22 is reduced when the difference ⁇ C % between the HC actual heat generation rate C ACT% and the HC heat generation rate threshold C STD% reaches a predetermined upper limit threshold ⁇ C MAX .
- the deterioration determination unit 45 is an example of a determination unit of the present invention, and is based on the determination result of the NOx purification rate by the NOx purification rate determination unit 43 and the determination result of the HC purification rate by the HC purification rate determination unit 44. The deterioration of the NO 2 generation performance is determined. Hereinafter, a detailed determination procedure for deterioration will be described.
- NOx purification is performed particularly in a low temperature range (for example, 180 to 280 degrees). Performance decreases.
- the high temperature range for example, 280 or more
- the NOx purification performance tends not to decrease. That is, even if the low temperature side NOx purification rate NC LOW% is reduced, if the high temperature side NOx purification rate NC HIGH% is not reduced, the SCR 22 is normal and the NO 2 generation performance of the DOC 15 is reduced. It is estimated to be.
- Deterioration determination unit 45 determines that [condition 1] low-temperature side NOx purification rate NC LOW% is reduced, [condition 2] high-temperature side NOx purification rate NC HIGH% is not reduced, [condition 3] HC purification rate (HC actual heat generation) When the three conditions of rate C ACT% ) are satisfied, the NO 2 generation performance of the DOC 15 is determined to be in a deteriorated state.
- step (hereinafter, simply referred to as “S”) 100 it is determined whether or not the SCR inlet exhaust temperature T SCR_in acquired by the SCR inlet temperature sensor 23 has reached a low temperature determination temperature (for example, 180 degrees). . Further, in S110, it is determined whether or not the SCR inlet exhaust temperature TSCR_in has exceeded a high temperature determination temperature (for example, 280 degrees).
- S150 it is determined whether or not the high temperature side NOx purification rate NC HIGH% of the SCR 22 is decreased. In the case of “Yes” (both the low temperature side purification rate and the high temperature side purification rate are reduced), since the degradation of the SCR 22 is estimated, the SCR 22 is determined to be abnormal in S160 and the process returns. On the other hand, in the case of “No”, only the low temperature side NOx purification rate NC LOW% is decreased and the SCR 22 is estimated to be normal, so the process proceeds to S170 to determine the deterioration of the DOC15.
- the HC actual heat generation rate CACT % (HC purification rate) of the DOC 15 is calculated, and in S190, it is determined whether or not the HC purification rate is lowered. In the case of “No”, factors other than the deterioration of the DOC 15 are conceivable, so this control is returned. On the other hand, in the case of “Yes”, [Condition 1] Low-temperature side NOx purification rate NC LOW% decreases (S140), [Condition 2] High-temperature side NOx purification rate NC HIGH% is normal (S150), [Condition 3] HC Three conditions are satisfied: the actual heat generation rate C ACT% decreases (S190).
- the NO 2 generation performance of the DOC 15 can be diagnosed with high accuracy without being affected by changes in the operating state.
- the HC of the DOC 15 is based on the HC actual heat generation amount C act obtained by adding the heat loss amount Q lost to the outside air to the exhaust energy difference ⁇ Q between the upstream side and the downstream side of the DOC 15. It is comprised so that a purification rate may be determined.
- the diagnostic apparatus of the present embodiment it is possible to calculate the HC actual heat generation amount C act with high accuracy in consideration of the heat loss amount Q lost to the outside, and the reduction of the HC purification rate is reduced by the exhaust energy difference ⁇ Q.
- the determination accuracy can be effectively improved as compared with the case where the determination is based only on the above.
- the pre-stage post-processing device 14 includes only the DOC 15 and the DPF 16 and the exhaust pipe injection device 13 are omitted.
- S170 DPF forced regeneration
- the engine 10 is not limited to a diesel engine, and can be widely applied to other internal combustion engines such as a gasoline engine.
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Abstract
Description
15 DOC(酸化触媒)
22 SCR(選択的還元触媒)
40 ECU
41 NOx浄化率演算部(第1浄化率演算手段)
42 HC発熱率演算部(第2浄化率演算手段)
43 NOx浄化率判定部(判定手段)
44 HC浄化率判定部(判定手段)
45 劣化判定部(判定手段)
Claims (5)
- 内燃機関の排気系に設けられて、少なくとも排気中の炭化水素及び一酸化窒素を酸化する酸化触媒と、
前記酸化触媒よりも下流側の排気系に設けられて、アンモニアを還元剤として排気中に含まれるNOxを還元浄化する選択的還元触媒と、
前記選択的還元触媒の上流側及び下流側のNOx値に基づいて、前記選択的還元触媒の触媒温度が所定の低温域にある時に低温側NOx浄化率を演算すると共に、前記選択的還元触媒の触媒温度が所定の高温域にある時に高温側NOx浄化率を演算する第1浄化率演算手段と、
少なくとも前記酸化触媒の上流側及び下流側の排気熱量差に基づいて、前記酸化触媒の炭化水素浄化率を演算する第2浄化率演算手段と、
演算された前記低温側NOx浄化率、前記高温側NOx浄化率及び、前記炭化水素浄化率に基づいて、前記酸化触媒の劣化を判定する判定手段と、を備える
診断装置。 - 前記判定手段は、前記低温側NOx浄化率が低下、前記高温側NOx浄化率が正常、且つ、前記炭化水素浄化率が低下した場合に、前記酸化触媒の二酸化窒素の生成性能を劣化と判定する
請求項1に記載の診断装置。 - 前記第2浄化率演算手段は、前記酸化触媒の上流側及び下流側の排気熱量差に、前記酸化触媒から外気に放出される熱損失量を加算して得られる炭化水素発熱量に基づいて前記炭化水素浄化率を演算する
請求項1又は2に記載の診断装置。 - 前記第2浄化率演算手段は、自然対流の熱伝達率を含む第1モデル式及び、強制対流の熱伝達率を含む第2モデル式に基づいて前記熱損失量を演算する
請求項3に記載の診断装置。 - 前記酸化触媒は、車体下部に設けられる筒状の触媒ケース内に収容され、
前記強制対流の熱伝達率は、強制対流を前記触媒ケースの下面に影響する平板上の乱流と仮定したヌセルト数に基づいて設定される
請求項4に記載の診断装置。
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CN109707494B (zh) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-04-24 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | 一种后处理硫中毒的处理方法和装置 |
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US20160230635A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 |
EP3048276A1 (en) | 2016-07-27 |
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CN105556084A (zh) | 2016-05-04 |
US9885273B2 (en) | 2018-02-06 |
EP3048276B1 (en) | 2018-08-29 |
EP3048276A4 (en) | 2017-06-07 |
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