WO2015037712A1 - 音響発生器およびそれを用いた電子機器 - Google Patents
音響発生器およびそれを用いた電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015037712A1 WO2015037712A1 PCT/JP2014/074270 JP2014074270W WO2015037712A1 WO 2015037712 A1 WO2015037712 A1 WO 2015037712A1 JP 2014074270 W JP2014074270 W JP 2014074270W WO 2015037712 A1 WO2015037712 A1 WO 2015037712A1
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- Prior art keywords
- reflecting member
- vibrating body
- space
- sound
- piezoelectric element
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
- H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
- H04R1/345—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for loudspeakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
- H04R2499/10—General applications
- H04R2499/11—Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an acoustic generator and an electronic device using the same.
- the above-described conventional speaker has a problem in that the sound quality deteriorates due to particularly low-pitched sound on the front side of the diaphragm due to the reverse phase sound generated from the back surface of the diaphragm. Further, when a baffle board is installed to prevent the reverse phase sound generated from the back surface of the diaphragm from entering the front side, there is a problem that the sound generator is increased in size.
- the present invention has been devised in view of such problems in the prior art, and an object thereof is a small acoustic generator capable of generating sound of good sound quality and an electronic apparatus using the same. Is to provide.
- An acoustic generator includes a piezoelectric element that vibrates when an electric signal is input thereto, a first main surface, and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, and the piezoelectric element is provided.
- a vibration body that vibrates by the vibration of the piezoelectric element and generates sound, and is provided on the first direction side with respect to the vibration body, and faces the vibration body and the first main surface of the vibration body
- a first reflecting member having a first surface inclined with respect to the first vibration member, and a second direction side opposite to the first direction with respect to the vibration body, and sandwiching the vibration body therebetween
- the second reflecting member has a second surface that faces the first surface of the first reflecting member and is inclined with respect to the second main surface of the vibrator, and is in a direction different from the first direction.
- Opening toward the third direction, the vibrating body and the first reflecting member A first opening that connects a first space that is a space between the first space and a space outside the first space, and an opening toward a fourth direction that is different from the second direction and the third direction.
- a second opening that connects a second space, which is a space between the vibrating body and the second reflecting member, and a space outside the second space, and the piezoelectric element Is disposed at a position close to the first reflecting member and far from the second reflecting member, and the first reflecting member passes through a portion including at least a portion of the portion facing the piezoelectric element. It is characterized by having.
- the electronic apparatus of the present invention includes at least the sound generator and an electronic circuit connected to the sound generator, and has a function of generating sound from the sound generator.
- the sound generator of the present invention it is possible to obtain a small sound generator that can generate sound of good sound quality.
- the electronic apparatus of the present invention it is possible to obtain a small electronic apparatus that can generate sound with good sound quality.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A ′ of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line B-B ′ of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line C-C ′ of FIG. 5.
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line D-D ′ of FIG. 5.
- FIG. 1 and 2 are plan views schematically showing an acoustic generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB ′ in FIG.
- XYZ orthogonal coordinates and X′YZ ′ orthogonal coordinates are shown to indicate directions.
- the X ′ axis is a coordinate axis obtained by rotating the X axis clockwise around the Y axis
- the Z ′ axis is a coordinate axis obtained by rotating the Z axis clockwise around the Y axis.
- FIG. 1 shows a state seen from the + Z ′ direction
- FIG. 2 shows a state seen from the ⁇ Z ′ direction.
- the acoustic generator of this embodiment includes the piezoelectric element 1, the film 3, the frame member 5a, the frame member 5b, the resin layer 20, the reflection member 81, and the reflection member. 82, the reflecting member 83a, the reflecting member 83b, the reflecting member 84a, the reflecting member 84b, the opening 21, and the opening 22.
- the frame members (5a, 5b) have a rectangular frame shape.
- the outer periphery of the film 3 is sandwiched between the frame member 5a and the frame member 5b, and the film 3 is fixed in a tensioned state.
- the material and shape of the frame members (5a, 5b) are not particularly limited as long as they are more difficult to deform than the film 3 and the resin layer 20.
- the frame members (5a, 5b) can be formed using hard resin, plastic, engineering plastic, ceramics, metal, or the like.
- a stainless steel frame member (5a, 5b) having a thickness of 100 to 1000 ⁇ m can be used.
- the inner shape of the frame members (5a, 5b) is not limited to a rectangular shape, and may be an ellipse or a rhombus. Note that the frame member 5b is not essential, and when the frame member 5b is not provided, for example, the film 3 may be bonded to the surface of the frame member 5a in the ⁇ Z ′ direction.
- the film 3 is fixed in such a manner that the peripheral edge of the rectangular shape is sandwiched between the frame member 5a and the frame member 5b as a whole in a tensioned state, and is supported by the frame members (5a, 5b) so as to vibrate. ing. And the part which can vibrate located inside the frame member (5a, 5b) in the film 3 functions as the vibrating body 3a to which the piezoelectric element 1 is attached and vibrates together with the piezoelectric element 1.
- the vibrating body 3 a has a flat plate shape and includes the main surface 61 and the main surface 62.
- the thickness of the film 3 is, for example, 10 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the film 3 can be formed using resin, such as polyethylene, a polyimide, a polypropylene, a polystyrene, for example.
- the film 3 may be made of paper made of pulp, fiber, or the like.
- the piezoelectric element 1 has a flat shape.
- the two main surfaces (the surface in the + Z ′ direction and the surface in the ⁇ Z ′ direction) of the piezoelectric element 1 are rectangles having a long + Y direction and a short + X ′ direction.
- the piezoelectric element 1 includes a laminate, a plurality of surface electrodes, and a plurality of side electrodes.
- the laminate is configured by alternately laminating piezoelectric layers made of piezoelectric ceramics and internal electrode layers in the + Z ′ direction.
- the plurality of surface electrodes are respectively disposed on the two main surfaces of the laminate.
- the plurality of side electrodes are respectively provided on the surface in the + Y direction and the surface in the ⁇ Y direction of the laminate.
- the surface electrode and the internal electrode layer are alternately drawn to the surface in the + Y direction and the surface in the ⁇ Y direction of the laminate, and are connected to the side electrodes, respectively.
- the piezoelectric element 1 is a bimorph type piezoelectric element, and when an electric signal is input, expansion and contraction are reversed in the + Z ′ direction and the ⁇ Z ′ direction at an arbitrary moment. Therefore, the piezoelectric element 1 is flexed and oscillated when an electric signal is input. And the piezoelectric element 1 and the film 3 are adhere
- the piezoelectric element 1 may be a monomorph type vibration element configured by bonding a piezoelectric element that receives an electric signal to vibrate and vibrate and a metal plate.
- the piezoelectric layer of the piezoelectric element 1 is composed of lead ceramic materials such as lead-free piezoelectric materials such as lead zirconate (PZ), lead zirconate titanate (PZT), Bi layered compounds, and tungsten bronze structure compounds. Can be used.
- the thickness of one piezoelectric layer is preferably about 10 to 100 ⁇ m, for example.
- the internal electrode layer of the piezoelectric element 1 can be formed using various known metal materials.
- it can be an internal electrode layer containing a metal component composed of silver and palladium and a material component constituting the piezoelectric layer.
- the surface electrode and side electrode of the piezoelectric element 1 can be formed using various known metal materials.
- the surface electrode and the side electrode can be formed using a material containing a metal component made of silver and a glass component.
- the resin layer 20 is filled over the entire inside of the frame member 5a so that the piezoelectric element 1 is embedded.
- the resin layer 20 can be formed using various known materials. For example, a resin such as an acrylic resin or a silicon resin, rubber, or the like can be used.
- the thickness of the resin layer 20 is desirably a thickness that completely covers the piezoelectric element 1 from the viewpoint of suppressing spurious.
- the reflection member 81 has a flat shape.
- the reflecting member 81 is disposed on the ⁇ Z direction side with respect to the vibrating body 3a and inclined with respect to the main surface 61 of the vibrating body 3a, and is attached to the frame member 5b.
- the reflection member 81 has a surface 81a.
- the surface 81a of the reflecting member 81 faces the vibrating body 3a and is inclined with respect to the main surface 61 of the vibrating body 3a.
- the reflecting member 81 reflects sound generated from the main surface 61 side of the vibrating body 3a in the ⁇ X ′ direction.
- the reflection member 82 has a flat shape.
- the reflecting member 82 is disposed on the + Z direction side with respect to the vibrating body 3a and inclined with respect to the main surface 62 of the vibrating body 3a, and is attached to the frame member 5a. Further, the reflection member 82 has a surface 82a. The surface 82a of the reflecting member 82 faces the surface 81a of the reflecting member 81 with the vibrating body 3a interposed therebetween, and is inclined with respect to the surface 62 of the vibrating body 3a. The reflecting member 82 reflects the sound generated from the main surface 62 side of the vibrating body 3a in the + X ′ direction.
- the reflecting member 81 has a through hole 91 that penetrates the reflecting member 81. The through hole 91 passes through a part including at least a part of the part facing the piezoelectric element 1 in the reflecting member 81.
- the reflecting member 83a and the reflecting member 83b have a flat plate shape and are disposed on the ⁇ Z ′ direction side with respect to the vibrating body 3a.
- the reflecting member 83a connects the frame member 5b and the reflecting member 81 at the end portion in the + Y direction
- the reflecting member 83b has the frame member 5b and the reflecting member 81 at the end portion on the ⁇ Y direction side. Is connected. That is, the reflecting member 83a and the reflecting member 83b connect the vibrating body 3a and the reflecting member 81 via the frame member 5b.
- a space 25 between the vibrating body 3a and the reflecting member 81 is surrounded by the vibrating body 3a, the frame member 5b, the reflecting member 81, the reflecting member 83a, and the reflecting member 83b.
- An opening 21 that opens toward the ⁇ X ′ direction is formed at the end on the ⁇ X ′ direction side. The opening 21 connects the space 25 and a space outside the space 25.
- the reflecting member 84a and the reflecting member 84b have a flat plate shape and are disposed on the + Z ′ direction side with respect to the vibrating body 3a.
- the reflection member 84a connects the frame member 5a and the reflection member 82 at the end portion in the + Y direction
- the reflection member 84b includes the frame member 5a and the reflection member 82 at the end portion on the ⁇ Y direction side. Is connected. That is, the reflecting member 84a and the reflecting member 84b connect the vibrating body 3a and the reflecting member 82 via the frame member 5a.
- a space 26 between the vibrating body 3a and the reflecting member 82 is surrounded by the vibrating body 3a, the frame member 5a, the reflecting member 82, the reflecting member 84a, and the reflecting member 84b.
- An opening 22 that opens toward the + X ′ direction is formed at the end on the + X ′ direction side. The opening 22 connects the space 26 and a space outside the space 26.
- the frame members (5a, 5b) function as a reflecting member that partitions the space between the reflecting member 81 and the reflecting member 82 into the reflecting member 81 side and the reflecting member 82 side. And the vibrating body 3a is provided so that the through-hole which a frame member (5a, 5b) has may be plugged up.
- Such reflective members (81, 82, 83a, 83b, 84a, 84b) can be formed using various materials such as synthetic resin, wood, metal, ceramics, and the like.
- the planar shape of the reflecting member (81, 82, 83a, 83b, 84a, 84b) is not particularly limited, and can be various shapes.
- the thickness of the reflecting member (81, 82, 83a, 83b, 84a, 84b) is not particularly limited, and is set to about 1 mm to 10 mm, for example.
- the acoustic generator of the present embodiment includes the piezoelectric element 1, the vibrating body 3 a, the reflecting member 81, the reflecting member 82, the opening 21, and the opening 22.
- the vibrating body 3a has a main surface 62 and a main surface 61 opposite to the main surface 62.
- the piezoelectric element 1 is provided and vibrates due to vibration of the piezoelectric element 1 to generate sound.
- the reflecting member 81 is provided on the ⁇ Z direction side with respect to the vibrating body 3a, and has a surface 81a.
- the surface 81a of the reflecting member 81 faces the vibrating body 3a and is inclined with respect to the main surface 61 of the vibrating body 3a.
- the reflecting member 82 is provided on the + Z direction side opposite to the ⁇ Z direction with respect to the vibrating body 3a, and has a surface 82a.
- the surface 82a of the reflecting member 82 faces the surface 81a of the reflecting member 81 with the vibrating body 3a interposed therebetween, and is inclined with respect to the surface 62 of the vibrating body 3a.
- the opening 21 opens in the ⁇ X ′ direction, which is a direction different from the ⁇ Z direction.
- the opening 21 connects a space 25 that is a space between the vibrating body 3 a and the reflecting member 81 and a space outside the space 25.
- the opening 22 opens toward the + X ′ direction, which is a direction different from the + Z direction and the ⁇ X ′ direction.
- the opening 22 connects a space 26 that is a space between the vibrating body 3 a and the reflecting member 82 and a space outside the space 26. Since it has such a configuration, the sound generator of the present embodiment is small in size and can generate sound with good sound quality. The reason why this effect is obtained is that the sound generated from the main surface 61 side of the vibrating body 3a and the sound generated from the main surface 62 side of the vibrating body 3a are radiated in different directions with increased directivity, respectively. This is probably because interference between sounds having different phases can be reduced without using a large baffle board or casing.
- the piezoelectric element 1 is disposed at a position near the reflecting member 81 and far from the reflecting member 82.
- the reflective member 81 has a through hole 91 that penetrates the reflective member 81.
- the through hole 91 passes through a part including at least a part of the part facing the piezoelectric element 1 in the reflecting member 81. Since it has such a configuration, the sound generator of the present embodiment can reduce deterioration in sound quality caused by the reflection member 81, the reflection member 82, and the piezoelectric element 1 being too close to each other. . The reason why this effect is obtained is not clearly specified, but can be estimated as follows.
- the sound pressure of the generated sound is the highest in the vibrating body 3a. Therefore, if the place where the piezoelectric element 1 is attached is too close to the reflecting member 81 or the reflecting member 82, the reverberation between the vibrating body 3a and the reflecting member 81 or the reflecting member 82 becomes strong and the sound quality deteriorates. (It becomes a hard and harsh sound). Therefore, by disposing the piezoelectric element 1 at a position far from the reflecting member 82, the echo between the vibrating body 3a and the reflecting member 82 is reduced, and the portion of the reflecting member 81 facing the piezoelectric element 1 is reduced. By forming the through hole 91 at least in part, the echo between the vibrating body 3a and the reflecting member 81 can be reduced. Therefore, the sound generator of the present embodiment can generate a sound with high sound quality.
- the opening 21 is open toward the ⁇ X ′ direction” means that the opening 21 is visible when viewed from the ⁇ X ′ direction.
- the “portion of the reflecting member 81 facing the piezoelectric element 1” is a portion where a perpendicular drawn from the piezoelectric element 1 to the reflecting member 81 intersects with the reflecting member 81.
- the piezoelectric element 1 is disposed at a position near the reflecting member 81 and far from the reflecting member 82” means that the distance between the piezoelectric element 1 and the reflecting member 81 is the distance between the piezoelectric element 1 and the reflecting member 82. Is smaller than that.
- the acoustic generator of this embodiment if one direction along the main surface 62 of the vibrating body 3a is defined as + X ′ direction and the opposite direction to the + X ′ direction is defined as ⁇ X ′ direction, + X of the vibrating body 3a The end in the “direction” is close to the reflecting member 81, the end in the ⁇ X ′ direction of the vibrating body 3a is close to the reflecting member 82, and the piezoelectric element 1 is positioned in the + X ′ direction in the vibrating body 3a. Is provided.
- the vibrating body 3 a can be sized across the entire area between the reflecting member 81 and the reflecting member 82, and the piezoelectric element 1 can be disposed at a position far from the reflecting member 82. Therefore, the sound generator of the present embodiment can generate high-quality sound with high sound pressure while being small.
- the + Y direction of the piezoelectric element 1 is The length is larger than the length of the piezoelectric element 1 in the + X ′ direction. Accordingly, the length of the piezoelectric element 1 can be increased while keeping the distance between the piezoelectric element 1 and the reflecting member 82 large, so that the sound pressure on the low frequency side can be increased while suppressing the deterioration of sound quality. it can.
- the through hole 91 is selectively formed in a portion of the reflecting member 81 that is closest to the piezoelectric element 1.
- the acoustic generator of the present embodiment can be manufactured as follows, for example. First, a binder, a dispersant, a plasticizer, and a solvent are added to the powder of the piezoelectric material and stirred to prepare a slurry. As the piezoelectric material, any of lead-based and non-lead-based materials can be used. Next, the obtained slurry is formed into a sheet shape to produce a green sheet. A conductor paste is printed on the green sheet to form a conductor pattern to be an internal electrode, and the green sheet on which the conductor pattern is formed is laminated to produce a laminated molded body.
- the laminated body can be obtained by degreasing, firing, and cutting into a predetermined dimension. And the outer peripheral part of a laminated body is processed as needed.
- a conductor paste is printed on the main surface in the stacking direction of the laminate to form a conductor pattern to be a surface electrode, and the conductor paste is printed on both side surfaces in the longitudinal direction (+ Y direction) of the laminate.
- a conductor pattern to be an electrode is formed.
- the structure used as the piezoelectric element 1 can be obtained by baking an electrode at predetermined temperature. Thereafter, in order to impart piezoelectricity to the piezoelectric element 1, a DC voltage is applied through the surface electrode or the side electrode to polarize the piezoelectric layer of the piezoelectric element 1. In this way, the piezoelectric element 1 can be obtained.
- the film 3 and the frame members (5a, 5b) are prepared, and with the film 3 being in tension, the peripheral edge of the film 3 is sandwiched between the frame member 5a and the frame member 5b and fixed with an adhesive.
- the piezoelectric element 1 is bonded to the surface of the film 3 with an adhesive or the like, and wiring is connected to the piezoelectric element 1.
- resin layer 20 is formed by pouring resin inside frame member 5a and making it harden.
- reflecting members (81, 82, 83a, 83b, 84a, 84b) processed into a predetermined shape are joined to the frame member 5a with an adhesive or the like. In this way, the sound generator of this embodiment can be obtained.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are perspective views schematically showing an acoustic generator according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC ′ of FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD ′ of FIG.
- FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing a sound generator according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- differences from the acoustic generator of the first embodiment described above will be described, and the same components will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.
- the sound generator of this embodiment does not have the reflection member 83a, the reflection member 83b, the reflection member 84a, and the reflection member 84b that the sound generator of the first embodiment described above has, instead, A reflecting member 85, a reflecting member 86, a reflecting member 87, and a reflecting member 88 are provided. Further, the shapes of the reflecting member 81 and the reflecting member 82 are different from those of the acoustic generator of the first embodiment described above.
- the reflection member 85 is located between the reflection member 81 and the reflection member 82 in a part of the region where the reflection member 81 and the reflection member 82 overlap when viewed from the + Z direction or the ⁇ Z direction (the center in the + Y direction). It arrange
- the reflection member 86 a extends in the ⁇ Z direction from the peripheral edge of the reflection member 85 toward the reflection member 81, and connects the reflection member 85 and the reflection member 81. In this way, a space 71 surrounded by the reflecting member 81, the reflecting member 85, the reflecting member 86, the frame member 5b, and the vibrating body 3a is formed. In addition, a plurality of openings 74 that connect the space 71 and a space outside the space 71 are formed in the reflecting member 86 located at the end portion in the ⁇ X direction of the space 71. The sound generated from the main surface 61 side of the vibrating body 3 a is radiated through the opening 74.
- the reflection member 88 extends in the + Z direction from the periphery of the reflection member 81 toward the periphery of the reflection member 82, and connects the reflection member 81 and the reflection member 82. In this manner, a space 72 surrounded by the reflecting member 81, the reflecting member 82, the reflecting member 85, the reflecting member 86, the reflecting member 88, the frame member 5a, the frame member 5b, and the vibrating body 3a is formed. In addition, an opening 75 that connects the space 72 and a space outside the space 72 is formed in the reflecting member 88 positioned at the end portion in the + Y direction of the space 72. A duct 73 is connected to the opening 75. The duct 73 is open toward the ⁇ X direction.
- a reflection member 87 inclined in the + Z direction is attached to an end portion in the ⁇ X direction of the main surface in the ⁇ Z direction of the reflection member 81, and sound radiated from the duct 73 and the plurality of openings 74 is transmitted. , And is reflected by the reflecting member 87 so as to go in the + Z direction.
- the reflection member 81 is formed with one through hole 92, two through holes 93, and a plurality of through holes 94.
- Each of the through-hole 92 and the two through-holes 93 passes through a part including at least a part of the part facing the piezoelectric element 1 in the reflecting member 81.
- Each of the through hole 92 and the two through holes 93 has a shape that is long in the + X direction.
- each of the through hole 92 and the two through holes 93 is arranged with a space therebetween in the + Y direction, and the through hole 92 is located between the two through holes 93.
- the through hole 94 is circular and has a smaller cross-sectional area than the through hole 92 and the through hole 93.
- the plurality of through holes 94 are formed in a region of the reflecting member 81 that is in contact with the space 71 and does not face the piezoelectric element 1.
- the sound generator of this embodiment includes the reflecting member 85, the reflecting member 86, and the reflecting member 88.
- the reflection member 85 has a space between the reflection member 81 and the reflection member 82 in a part of a region where the reflection member 81 and the reflection member 82 overlap when viewed from the + Z direction or the ⁇ Z direction. And the reflection member 82 side.
- the reflection member 86 connects the reflection member 85 and the reflection member 81.
- the reflection member 88 connects the reflection member 81 and the reflection member 82.
- a through hole 95 is provided in the reflection member 85, and the vibrating body 3 a is provided in the reflection member 85 so as to close the through hole 95.
- the opening 74 connects a space 71 surrounded by the vibrating body 3 a, the reflecting member 81, the reflecting member 85, and the reflecting member 86 and a space outside the space 71.
- the opening 75 connects the space 72 surrounded by the reflecting member 81, the reflecting member 82, the reflecting member 85, the reflecting member 86, the reflecting member 88, and the vibrating body 3 a and the space outside the space 72.
- a duct 73 is connected to the opening 75.
- the sound generated on the main surface 61 side of the vibrating body 3a is radiated from the opening 74, and the sound generated on the main surface 62 side of the vibrating body 3a is echoed in the space 72, so that the duct It is possible to radiate after changing the phase by 73. Therefore, the sound pressure in the low frequency region in the radiated sound can be increased.
- the sound generator of the present embodiment has one through hole 92 and one or more through holes 93.
- the through hole 92 and the through hole 93 pass through a portion including at least a part of the portion facing the piezoelectric element 1 in the reflecting member 81. Further, if the direction along the main surface of the reflecting member 81 and one direction perpendicular to the + Y direction is the + X direction, the length of the through hole 92 and the through hole 93 is longer than the length of the + Y direction. Is also big. Further, the through hole 93 is provided at a distance from the through hole 92 in the + Y direction. With such a configuration, it is possible to suppress deterioration in sound quality by the through-hole 92 and the through-hole 93 and to reduce the sound in the low frequency region that leaks through the through-hole 92 and the through-hole 93.
- the sound generator of the present embodiment has a reflecting member 87 that reflects both the sound radiated from the opening 74 and the sound radiated from the duct 73. With such a configuration, it is possible to obtain a thin acoustic generator having a small size in the direction of radiating sound (+ Z direction).
- a plurality of through holes 94 are formed in the reflecting member 81.
- the plurality of through holes 94 are formed in a region of the reflecting member 81 that is in contact with the space 71 and does not face the piezoelectric element 1.
- Each through hole 94 is circular and has a smaller cross-sectional area than the through hole 92 and the through hole 93.
- the plurality of through holes 94 are arranged so that the number increases toward the opening 74. With such a configuration, the sound quality of the generated sound can be further improved.
- the length of the space 71 in the + Y direction is increased as it approaches the opening 74.
- the sound pressure of the sound generated on the main surface 61 side of the vibrating body 3 a can be increased, and the volume of the space 72 is maximized to reduce the sound pressure of the sound radiated through the duct 73. Can be increased.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the electronic device 50 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the electronic device 50 of the present embodiment includes an acoustic generator 30, an electronic circuit 60, a key input unit 50c, a microphone input unit 50d, a display unit 50e, and an antenna 50f. ing.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram assuming an electronic device such as a mobile phone, a tablet terminal, or a personal computer.
- the electronic circuit 60 includes a control circuit 50a and a communication circuit 50b.
- the electronic circuit 60 is connected to the sound generator 30 and has a function of outputting an audio signal to the sound generator.
- the control circuit 50 a is a control unit of the electronic device 50.
- the communication circuit 50b transmits and receives data through the antenna 50f based on the control of the control circuit 50a.
- the key input unit 50c is an input device of the electronic device 50 and accepts a key input operation by an operator.
- the microphone input unit 50d is also an input device of the electronic device 50, and accepts a voice input operation by an operator.
- the display unit 50e is a display output device of the electronic device 50, and outputs display information based on the control of the control circuit 50a.
- the sound generator 30 is a sound generator as in the first embodiment or the second embodiment described above.
- the sound generator 30 functions as a sound output device in the electronic device 50, and generates sound (including sound outside the audible frequency band) based on an electric signal having sound information input from the electronic circuit 60.
- the sound generator 30 is connected to the control circuit 50a of the electronic circuit 60, and generates sound upon receiving application of a voltage controlled by the control circuit 50a.
- the electronic device 50 Since the electronic device 50 according to the present embodiment generates sound using the sound generator 30 as in the first embodiment or the second embodiment described above, it can generate high-quality sound and is small. Can be
- a generator 30 may be provided.
- an electronic device 60 shown in FIG. 10 a key input unit 50c, a microphone input unit 50d, a display unit 50, and an antenna 50f provided in a housing, a sound generator The device 30 may be connected to the electric device 30 via a lead wire or the like so that an electric signal can be transmitted.
- the electronic device of this embodiment does not have to include all of the key input unit 50c, the microphone input unit 50d, the display unit 50e, and the antenna 50f shown in FIG. 10, and the acoustic generator 30 and the electronic circuit 60 at least. Further, the electronic device 50 may have other components.
- the electronic circuit 60 is not limited to the electronic circuit 60 having the above-described configuration, and may be an electronic circuit having another configuration.
- the electronic device of the present embodiment is not limited to the above-described electronic devices such as a mobile phone, a tablet terminal, and a personal computer.
- electronic devices such as a television, an audio device, a radio, a vacuum cleaner, a washing machine, a refrigerator, and a microwave oven having a function of generating sound and sound, the sound as in the first embodiment or the second embodiment described above.
- the generator 30 can be used as a sound generator.
- the vibrating body 3a is not limited to a film.
- a plate-like object formed of metal, ceramics, synthetic resin, or the like may be used, or a film-like object made of various rubber materials may be used.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the resin layer 20 may not be formed.
- the piezoelectric element 1 is a bimorph type piezoelectric element in which a PZT-based piezoelectric layer and an electrode layer are stacked.
- the shape of the piezoelectric element 1 was a rectangular shape having a length of 36 mm, a width of 14 mm, and a thickness of 0.15 mm.
- As the film 3 a film made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) having a thickness of 0.025 mm was used.
- the portion of the film 3 that functions as the vibrating body 3a inside the frame members (5a, 5b) was a rectangular shape having a length of 60 mm and a width of 30 mm.
- the reflecting member 81, the reflecting member 85, the reflecting member 86, and the reflecting member 88 were formed using acrylic resin.
- the reflecting member 82 and the reflecting member 87 were formed using SUS (stainless steel).
- the reflecting member 81 and the reflecting member 82 have a rectangular shape with a length of 245 mm and a width of 40 mm.
- the interval between the reflecting member 81 and the reflecting member 82 was 6 mm.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing a change in sound pressure depending on the frequency of the sound generated from the sound generator, and is 1 m away from the sound generator when a sine wave having an effective value of 7.5 V is applied to the sound generator. It shows the sound pressure of the place.
- the horizontal axis indicates the frequency
- the vertical axis indicates the sound pressure level.
- FIG. 12 is a graph showing the directivity of the sound generated from the sound generator, and shows the sound pressure at a location 1 m away from the sound generator when a sine wave having an effective value of 10 V is given to the sound generator. ing.
- FIG. 12 is a graph showing the directivity of the sound generated from the sound generator, and shows the sound pressure at a location 1 m away from the sound generator when a sine wave having an effective value of 10 V is given to the sound generator. ing. In the graph shown in FIG.
- the scale along the circumference indicates the direction from the sound generator in angle
- 0 indicates the + Z direction
- ⁇ 90 ° indicates the ⁇ X direction
- 45 ° (+ 45 °) indicates a direction inclined 45 ° from the + Z direction to the + X direction. This time, the sound pressure in the range of -90 ° to + 45 ° was measured.
- Piezoelectric element 3a Vibrating bodies 21, 22, 74, 75: Opening 30: Sound generator 50: Electronic device 60: Electronic circuit 81, 82, 83a, 83b, 84a, 84b, 85, 86, 87, 88: Reflective members 91, 92, 93, 94: through holes
Abstract
Description
図1,図2は本発明の第1実施形態の音響発生器を模式的に示す平面図である。図3は図1におけるA-A’線断面図である。図4は図1におけるB-B’線断面図である。なお、図においては、方向を示すためにXYZ直交座標と、X’YZ’直交座標を示している。ここで、X’軸は、Y軸を中心としてX軸を時計回りに回転させた座標軸であり、Z’軸は、Y軸を中心としてZ軸を時計回りに回転させた座標軸である。なお、X’軸のX軸に対する回転量と、Z’軸のZ軸に対する回転量は等しい。そして、図1は+Z’方向から見た状態を示しており、図2は、-Z’方向から見た状態を示している。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態の音響発生器について、図5~図9を用いて説明する。図5,図6は、本発明の第2実施形態の音響発生器を模式的に示す斜視図である。図7は、図5のC-C’線断面図である。図8は、図5のD-D’線断面図である。図9は、本発明の第2実施形態の音響発生器を模式的に示す分解斜視図である。なお、本実施形態においては、前述した第1実施形態の音響発生器と異なる点について説明し、同様の構成要素には同じ参照符号を付して、重複する説明を省略する。
図10は、本発明の第3実施形態の電子機器50の構成の一例を示すブロック図である。
本発明は上述した実施の形態の例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々の変更,改良が可能である。
3a:振動体
21,22,74,75:開口
30:音響発生器
50:電子機器
60:電子回路
81,82,83a,83b,84a,84b,85,86,87,88:反射部材
91,92,93,94:貫通孔
Claims (8)
- 電気信号が入力されて振動する圧電素子と、
第1主面および該第1主面と反対側の第2主面を有しており、前記圧電素子が設けられて該圧電素子の振動によって振動して音響を発生させる振動体と、
前記振動体に対して第1方向側に設けられており、前記振動体に面するとともに前記振動体の前記第1主面に対して傾いている第1表面を有する、第1反射部材と、
前記振動体に対して前記第1方向と反対方向である第2方向側に設けられており、前記振動体を間に挟んで前記第1反射部材の前記第1表面と向かい合うとともに前記振動体の前記第2主面に対して傾いている第2表面を有する、第2反射部材と、
前記第1方向と異なる方向である第3方向に向かって開口しており、前記振動体および前記第1反射部材の間の空間である第1空間と、該第1空間の外側の空間とを接続する、第1開口と、
前記第2方向および前記第3方向と異なる方向である第4方向に向かって開口しており、前記振動体および前記第2反射部材の間の空間である第2空間と、該第2空間の外側の空間とを接続する、第2開口と、
を有しており、
前記圧電素子は、前記第1反射部材に近く前記第2反射部材から遠い位置に配置されており、
前記第1反射部材は、前記圧電素子と向かい合う部分の少なくとも一部を含む部分を貫通する第1貫通孔を有している
ことを特徴とする音響発生器。 - 前記振動体の前記第1主面に沿った1つの方向を第5方向とし、該第5方向と反対方向を第6方向とすると、前記振動体の前記第5方向の端部が前記第1反射部材に近接し、前記振動体の前記第6方向の端部が前記第2反射部材に近接しており、
前記圧電素子は、前記振動体における前記第5方向に偏った位置に設けられている
ことを特徴とする音響発生器。 - 前記第1反射部材と前記第2反射部材との間隔をD1とし、前記振動体の前記第5方向における長さをL1とすると、D1<L1であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の音響発生器。
- 前記振動体の前記第1主面に沿った方向であり、且つ前記第5方向に対して垂直な1つの方向を第7方向とすると、前記圧電素子の前記第7方向の長さが、前記圧電素子の前記第5方向の長さよりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項2または請求項3に記載の音響発生器。
- 前記第1反射部材の前記第1表面に沿った方向であり、且つ前記第7方向に垂直な1つの方向を第8方向とすると、前記第1貫通孔は、前記第8方向の長さが前記第7方向の長さよりも大きく、前記第1反射部材における前記圧電素子と向かい合う部分の少なくとも一部を含む部分を貫通する1つ以上の第2貫通孔が、前記第7方向において前記第1貫通孔と間隔を開けて設けられており、前記第2貫通孔は、第8方向の長さが前記第7方向の長さよりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の音響発生器。
- 前記第1方向から見たときに前記第1反射部材と前記第2反射部材とが重なる領域の一部に、前記第1反射部材と前記第2反射部材との間の空間を前記第1反射部材側と前記第2反射部材側とに仕切るように配置された第3反射部材と、
該第3反射部材と前記第1反射部材とを接続する第4反射部材と、
前記第1反射部材と前記第2反射部材とを接続する第5反射部材と、
を有しており、
前記第3反射部材に第3貫通孔が設けられており、前記振動体は、前記第3貫通孔を塞ぐように、前記第3反射部材に設けられており、
前記第1開口は、前記振動体,前記第1反射部材,前記第3反射部材および前記第4反射部材によって囲まれた第3空間と、該第3空間の外側の空間とを接続しており、
前記第2開口は、前記第1乃至第5反射部材および前記振動体によって囲まれた第4空間と、該第4空間の外側の空間とを接続しており、
前記第2開口にダクトが接続されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれかに記載の音響発生器。 - 前記第1開口から放射された音響と、前記ダクトから放射された音響と、の両方を反射する第6反射部材を有していることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の音響発生器。
- 請求項1乃至請求項7のいずれかに記載の音響発生器と、該音響発生器に接続された電子回路とを少なくとも有しており、前記音響発生器から音響を発生させる機能を有することを特徴とする電子機器。
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