WO2015011989A1 - 燃料電池の製造方法および燃料電池 - Google Patents
燃料電池の製造方法および燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015011989A1 WO2015011989A1 PCT/JP2014/064628 JP2014064628W WO2015011989A1 WO 2015011989 A1 WO2015011989 A1 WO 2015011989A1 JP 2014064628 W JP2014064628 W JP 2014064628W WO 2015011989 A1 WO2015011989 A1 WO 2015011989A1
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- Prior art keywords
- side separator
- separator
- anode
- cathode
- fuel cell
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0297—Arrangements for joining electrodes, reservoir layers, heat exchange units or bipolar separators to each other
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
- H01M8/0254—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form corrugated or undulated
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/026—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2404—Processes or apparatus for grouping fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell manufacturing method and a fuel cell.
- a fuel cell is configured by alternately laminating a plurality of separators and membrane electrode assemblies. Since the fuel cell can obtain a high output according to the number of laminated layers of the separator and the membrane electrode assembly, it is desirable to increase the number of laminated layers. By sufficiently adhering a plurality of stacked separators and membrane electrode assemblies to each other, the energization resistance can be lowered, and the desired battery performance is achieved.
- a fuel gas (hydrogen) and cooling water flow path part of the anode side separator and an oxidant gas (air containing oxygen or pure oxygen) of the cathode side separator are used.
- the flow path portion of the cooling water are formed from fine irregularities, and have large dimensional tolerances.
- the load applied from the separator unit is absorbed by deforming the standing piece of the deformation absorbing member disposed inside the separator unit, but the amount of deformation of the standing piece can be optimized and the standing piece can receive.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a fuel cell manufacturing method and a fuel cell capable of increasing the load that the standing piece of the deformation absorbing member can receive from the separator unit. With the goal.
- a separator unit In the method of manufacturing a fuel cell according to the present invention that achieves the above object, a separator unit, a deformation absorbing member, and a membrane electrode assembly are used.
- the separator unit includes an anode side separator and a cathode side separator.
- the deformation absorbing member is disposed between the anode-side separator and the cathode-side separator, and includes a thin plate-like base material and a plurality of standing pieces provided to stand up in a lattice shape from one surface of the base material.
- the membrane electrode assembly is formed by adjoining the separator unit and joining the anode and the cathode so as to face the electrolyte membrane.
- the method for manufacturing a fuel cell includes an arrangement step and a setting step.
- the extending portion extending from the base end of the upright piece provided on one surface of the substrate is disposed in contact with the cathode separator or the anode separator as a unit.
- the interval along the stacking direction of the anode side separator and the cathode side separator is set so that the base end that has moved with the deformation is moved to the cathode side, while the deformation of the standing piece enters the plastic deformation region beyond the elastic deformation region. Set in the area that does not contact the separator or anode separator.
- the fuel cell according to the present invention that achieves the above object has a separator unit, a deformation absorbing member, and a membrane electrode assembly.
- the separator unit includes an anode side separator and a cathode side separator.
- the deformation absorbing member is disposed between the anode-side separator and the cathode-side separator, and includes a thin plate-like base material and a plurality of standing pieces provided to stand up in a lattice shape from one surface of the base material. .
- the deformation absorbing member is in contact with the cathode-side separator or the anode-side separator, with the extended portion extending from the proximal end of the upright piece.
- the membrane electrode assembly is formed by adjoining the separator unit and joining the anode and the cathode so as to face the electrolyte membrane.
- a load is applied so that the deformation of the upright piece enters the plastic deformation region beyond the elastic deformation region, but the base end moved with the deformation does not come into contact with the cathode side separator or the anode side separator.
- An anode side separator and a cathode side separator are disposed.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a fuel cell according to an embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which decomposes
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a fuel cell 1 according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of the fuel cell 1 exploded for each component.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the separator unit 10, the deformation absorbing member 20, and the membrane electrode assembly 30 of the fuel cell 1.
- FIG. 3 is shown along line 3-3 in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the deformation absorbing member 20 of the fuel cell 1.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a main part of the deformation absorbing member 20 of the fuel cell 1.
- FIG. 5 is shown along line 5-5 in FIG.
- the fuel cell 1 includes a fuel cell 100 that generates power, a pair of current collecting plates 211 and 212 that extract the power generated by the fuel cell 100 to the outside, and a plurality of stacked fuel cells 100 and a pair.
- the housing 300 holding the current collector plates 211 and 212 is included.
- each component of the fuel cell 1 will be described in order.
- the fuel cell 100 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 generates electric power from the supplied fuel gas (hydrogen) and oxidant gas (oxygen-containing air or pure oxygen) in a stacked state.
- the fuel battery cell 100 includes a separator unit 10, a deformation absorbing member 20, and a membrane electrode assembly 30.
- a separator unit 10 a deformation absorbing member 20
- a membrane electrode assembly 30 a membrane electrode assembly 30
- the separator unit 10 is shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, energizes the electric power generated in the membrane electrode assembly 30 while isolating adjacent membrane electrode assemblies 30, and uses a fuel gas (hydrogen) or an oxidant gas ( (Air containing oxygen or pure oxygen) and a cooling water flow path are provided.
- the separator unit 10 includes an anode side separator 11 and a cathode side separator 12.
- the anode separator 11 is in contact with the anode 32 of the membrane electrode assembly 30.
- the anode side separator 11 is made of a metal having a conductive material, and is formed in a thin plate shape larger than the anode 32.
- a plurality of concave and convex shapes are formed at regular intervals in the center of the anode-side separator 11 so as to constitute a flow passage portion 11g through which fuel gas (hydrogen) and cooling water flow.
- the anode-side separator 11 uses a closed space formed in contact with the anode 32 among the concavo-convex shape as the anode gas flow path 13 for supplying hydrogen to the anode 32.
- the anode side separator 11 uses the closed space formed between the cathode side separator 12 via the deformation absorbing member 20 among the concavo-convex shape as the cooling water flow path 14 for supplying cooling water. .
- the anode separator 11 has a rectangular shape, and has a through hole corresponding to the cathode gas supply port 11a, the cooling fluid supply port 11b, and the anode gas supply port 11c at one end in the longitudinal direction. Similarly, the anode separator 11 has a through hole corresponding to the anode gas discharge port 11d, the cooling fluid discharge port 11e, and the cathode gas discharge port 11f at the other end in the longitudinal direction.
- the cathode separator 12 is in contact with the cathode 33 of the membrane electrode assembly 30.
- the cathode separator 12 is made of a metal having a conductive material, and is formed in a thin plate shape larger than the cathode 33.
- the concavo-convex shape is constant so as to constitute a flow path portion 12g through which the oxidant gas (air containing oxygen or pure oxygen) and cooling water flow.
- a plurality are formed at intervals of.
- the uneven shape is formed by alternately combining U shapes or alternately combining semicircular shapes.
- the cathode-side separator 12 uses the closed space formed in contact with the cathode 33 among the concavo-convex shape as the cathode gas flow path 15 for supplying the oxidizing gas to the cathode 33.
- the cathode side separator 12 uses the closed space formed between the cathode side separator 12 via the deformation absorbing member 20 among the concavo-convex shape as the cooling water flow path 14 for supplying cooling water. . That is, in the adjacent fuel cell 100, the cooling water channel 14 of the anode side separator 11 of one fuel cell 100 and the cooling water channel 14 provided in the cathode side separator 12 of the other fuel cell 100 are 1 One cooling water flow path is formed.
- the cathode-side separator 12 has a rectangular shape and has a through hole corresponding to the cathode gas supply port 12a, the cooling fluid supply port 12b, and the anode gas supply port 12c at one end in the longitudinal direction. Similarly, the cathode separator 12 has a through hole corresponding to the anode gas discharge port 12d, the cooling fluid discharge port 12e, and the cathode gas discharge port 12f at the other end in the longitudinal direction.
- the deformation absorbing member 20 is shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5, and the manufacturing error of the concavo-convex shape that forms the flow path of the fuel gas and the cooling water of the anode side separator 11 and the cathode side separator 12 when assembling the fuel cell 1 itself. Deform and absorb. Moreover, the deformation
- a high pressure can be applied to the stacked fuel battery cells 100 so that they can adhere to each other.
- the energization resistance between the fuel battery cells 100 is lowered, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.
- the deformation absorbing member 20 is made of a metal having electric conductivity and is formed in a thin plate shape.
- the deformation absorbing member 20 is disposed between the anode-side separator 11 and the cathode-side separator 12, and has a thin plate-like base material 21 and a plurality of uprights provided in a lattice shape from one surface 21 a of the base material 21.
- a piece 22 that is, the deformation absorbing member 20 is formed in a lattice shape with standing pieces 22 raised so as to form a cantilever after being punched into a U-shape from a base material 21 corresponding to one thin plate. Since the standing piece 22 has a cantilever structure with respect to the base material 21, it has a spring function capable of elastic deformation.
- the upright piece 22 is, for example, along the width of the fixed end portion 22 a on the base end side of the upright piece 22 provided on the one surface 21 a of the base material 21 and the one direction Y from the fixed end portion 22 a.
- the free end portion 22b on the extending portion side is formed in a rectangular shape having the same width.
- the plurality of upright pieces 22 are formed, for example, in a plurality of rows along the other direction Z intersecting with one direction Y so that the directions of the free end portions 22b are aligned. As shown in FIG.
- the upright piece 22 has a free end portion 22 b on the extending portion side extended from a fixed end portion 22 a on the proximal end side of the upright piece 22 provided on the one surface 21 a of the base material 21. It is in contact with the side separator 12.
- the standing piece 22 has a curved portion 22 c that protrudes in a convex shape in a direction away from the cathode-side separator 12 and is curved in a region between the fixed end portion 22 a and the free end portion 22 b.
- the upright piece 22 is provided with a load fulcrum 22d that supports the load received from the anode-side separator 11 on the side of the curved portion 22c that faces the anode-side separator 11.
- the load fulcrum 22d moves to the free end portion 22b side with the deformation of the upright piece 22.
- the membrane electrode assembly 30 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and generates electric power by chemically reacting the supplied oxygen and hydrogen.
- the membrane electrode assembly 30 is formed by joining an anode 32 and a cathode 33 so as to face each other with an electrolyte membrane 31 therebetween.
- the membrane electrode assembly 30 is generally referred to as MEA (membrane electrode assembly).
- the electrolyte membrane 31 is made of, for example, a solid polymer material and is formed in a thin plate shape.
- the solid polymer material for example, a fluorine-based resin that conducts hydrogen ions and has good electrical conductivity in a wet state is used.
- the anode 32 is formed by laminating an electrode catalyst layer, a water repellent layer, and a gas diffusion layer, and is formed in a thin plate shape slightly smaller than the electrolyte membrane 31.
- the cathode 33 is formed by laminating an electrode catalyst layer, a water repellent layer, and a gas diffusion layer, and is formed in a thin plate shape with the same size as the anode 32.
- the electrode catalyst layers of the anode 32 and the cathode 33 include an electrode catalyst in which a catalyst component is supported on a conductive carrier and a polymer electrolyte.
- the gas diffusion layers of the anode 32 and the cathode 33 are made of, for example, carbon cloth, carbon paper, or carbon felt woven with yarns made of carbon fibers having sufficient gas diffusibility and conductivity.
- the membrane electrode assembly 30 includes a frame body 34.
- the frame 34 integrally holds the outer periphery of the laminated electrolyte membrane 31, anode 32, and cathode 33.
- the frame body 34 is made of, for example, an electrically insulating resin, and is formed with an outer shape similar to the outer shape of the outer peripheral portion of the separator unit 10.
- the frame body 34 has a through hole corresponding to the cathode gas supply port 34a, the cooling fluid supply port 34b, and the anode gas supply port 34c at one end in the longitudinal direction.
- the frame 34 has a through hole corresponding to the anode gas discharge port 34d, the cooling fluid discharge port 34e, and the cathode gas discharge port 34f at the other end in the longitudinal direction.
- thermosetting resin is used as the sealing member.
- the thermosetting resin is selected from, for example, phenol resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester, and the like.
- the pair of current collecting plates 211 and 212 are shown in FIG. 2 and take out the electric power generated by the fuel cell 100 to the outside.
- a pair of current collecting plates 211 and 212 are respectively disposed at both ends of the stacked fuel battery cells 100.
- the outer shape of the pair of current collector plates 211 and 212 is the same as the outer shape of the membrane electrode assembly 30 with a slightly increased layer thickness, except for some shapes.
- the current collector plate 211 has a through hole corresponding to the cathode gas supply port 211a, the cooling fluid supply port 211b, and the anode gas supply port 211c at one end in the longitudinal direction thereof. ing.
- the pair of current collecting plates 211 and 212 includes a current collecting portion 211h and the like at the center thereof.
- the current collecting portions 211h and the like of the pair of current collecting plates 211 and 212 are made of, for example, a conductive member such as dense carbon that does not allow gas permeation, and are formed in a thin plate shape slightly smaller than the outer shapes of the anode 32 and the cathode 33. ing.
- the pair of current collectors 211h and the like are in contact with the anode 32 or the cathode 33 of the membrane electrode assembly 30 provided in the outermost fuel cell 100 that is stacked.
- the current collector 211h and the like are provided with a cylindrical protrusion 211i and the like having conductivity from one surface thereof.
- the protrusions 211i and the like face the outside through a pair of end plates 311 and a through-hole 311j of a 312 of the casing 300 described later.
- the housing 300 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 holds a plurality of stacked fuel cells 100 and a pair of current collecting plates 211 and 212 in close contact with each other.
- the housing 300 includes a pair of end plates 311 and 312, a pair of fastening plates 320, a pair of reinforcing plates 330, and screws 340.
- the pair of end plates 311 and 312 sandwich and bias a pair of current collecting plates 211 and 212 disposed at both ends of the plurality of stacked fuel cells 100.
- the outer shape of the pair of end plates 311 and 312 is the same as the outer shape of the membrane electrode assembly 30 with an increased layer thickness, except for some shapes.
- the pair of end plates 311 and 312 are made of, for example, metal, and an insulator is provided at a portion that contacts the pair of current collector plates 211 and 212.
- the end plate 311 has a through hole corresponding to the cathode gas supply port 311a, the cooling fluid supply port 311b, and the anode gas supply port 311c at one end in the longitudinal direction thereof. .
- the end plate 311 has through holes corresponding to the anode gas discharge port 311d, the cooling fluid discharge port 311e, and the cathode gas discharge port 311f at the other end in the longitudinal direction.
- the pair of end plates 311 and 312 open through-holes 311j and the like through which the protrusions 211i and the like of the pair of current collecting plates 211 and 212 described above are inserted.
- the pair of fastening plates 320 are made of, for example, metal and are formed in a plate shape.
- the pair of fastening plates 320 hold the pair of end plates 311 and 312 so as to face each other in the longitudinal direction.
- the pair of reinforcing plates 330 is made of metal, for example, and is formed in a plate shape that is longer than the pair of fastening plates 320.
- the pair of reinforcing plates 330 holds the pair of end plates 311 and 312 so as to face each other in the lateral direction.
- the pair of fastening plates 320 and the pair of reinforcing plates 330 are fixed to the pair of end plates 311 and 312 by a plurality of screws 340.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a change in the shape of the deformation absorbing member 20 when the fuel cell 1 is assembled.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing a comparison between the load resistance of the deformation absorbing member 20 of the fuel cell 1 and the load resistance of the deformation absorbing member according to the comparison.
- FIG. 8 is a view showing a state in which the height of the upright piece 22 of the deformation absorbing member 20 of the fuel cell 1 is set in consideration of the expansion of other laminated members.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which the height of the upright piece 22 of the deformation absorbing member 20 of the fuel cell 1 is set in consideration of manufacturing errors of other laminated members and a deviation amount during operation (power generation).
- FIG. 6 shows a change in the shape of the deformation absorbing member 20 when the fuel cell 1 is assembled.
- the separator unit 10 is gradually pressed from the outside. Specifically, the separator unit 10 and the membrane electrode assembly 30 that are alternately stacked are pressed from both ends. In this process, the upright piece 22 undergoes plastic deformation through elastic deformation, and its fixed end portion 22 a is separated from the anode side separator 11 together with the base material 21 and approaches the cathode side separator 12.
- the load fulcrum 22d of the upright piece 22 moves toward the free end 22b as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (e) as the bending portion 22c is deformed.
- FIG. 6F the pressing of the separator unit 10 is released.
- the deformation absorbing member 20 is displaced from the state shown in FIG. 6E to FIG. That is, the standing piece 22 that has been greatly curved from the fixed end 22a along the free end 22b is relaxed and extends in a certain range.
- the fixed end portion 22 a of the upright piece 22 returns from the cathode side separator 12 side to the anode side separator 11 side together with the base material 21.
- FIG. 7 shows a comparison between the load resistance of the deformation absorbing member 20 of the fuel cell 1 of the embodiment and the load resistance of the deformation absorbing member according to the comparative example.
- the curved portion 22c becomes the anode. It is manufactured so as to contact the side separator 11. If such a manufacturing method is used, the upright piece 22 can gently receive the load received from the anode-side separator 11 by the curved portion 22c, and can be plastically deformed through elastic deformation.
- the load received from the anode-side separator 11 is gradually increased with the portion where the curved portion 22c comes into contact with the anode-side separator 11 as a load fulcrum 22d. You can catch it.
- the load fulcrum 22d of the curved portion 22c moves toward the free end portion 22b, so that a large change does not occur in the state of pressing against the anode side separator 11. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the load received from the separator unit 10 from rapidly increasing when the standing piece 22 exceeds a certain position in the process of being deformed by receiving the load. That is, the deformation absorbing member 20 can make the standing piece 22 stick.
- the standing piece of the deformation-absorbing member according to the proportionality is different from the standing piece 22 of the deformation-absorbing member 20 described above, and the region excluding the free end portion is linearly formed. That is, the upright piece according to the comparative example does not include a curved portion in a region between the fixed end portion and the free end portion.
- the upright piece is deformed so as to be refracted with the fixed end as a reference, and accordingly, a large change occurs in the state of pressing against the anode side separator 11 with the deformation. Therefore, the load received from the separator unit 10 increases abruptly when it exceeds a predetermined position in the process in which the proportionally rising piece receives the load and deforms.
- FIG. 8 shows a state in which the height of the upright piece 22 of the deformation absorbing member 20 of the fuel cell 1 is set in consideration of the expansion of other laminated members.
- the separator unit 10 has a gap distance along the stacking direction X between the anode side separator 11 and the cathode side separator 12 within the range of the plastic deformation region among the elastic deformation region, the plastic deformation region, and the fixed end side contact deformation region. Is set in.
- the elastic deformation region is a distance along the stacking direction X of the deformation absorbing member 20 when the upright piece 22 is deformed within the elastic deformation range.
- the plastic deformation region is a distance along the stacking direction X of the deformation absorbing member 20 when the upright piece 22 is deformed within a range of plastic deformation shorter than the elastic deformation region.
- the fixed end side contact deformation region is shorter than the plastic deformation region when the fixed end portion 22a of the upright piece 22 moves and contacts the cathode side separator 12 or the anode side separator 11, and the upright piece 22 is deformed. This is the distance along the stacking direction X of the deformation absorbing member 20.
- the distance of the gap along the stacking direction X between the anode side separator 11 and the cathode side separator 12 is such that the separator unit 10 expands as the membrane electrode assembly 30 generates heat, and the membrane electrode assembly 30 Even if the supplied medium is absorbed and expanded, it is manufactured so as to be within the range of the plastic deformation region.
- the portion where the separator unit 10 expands as the membrane electrode assembly 30 generates heat is described as “expansion due to heating”.
- the portion where the membrane electrode assembly 30 expands by absorbing the medium supplied from the outside is described as “expansion due to wetting”.
- Such a manufacturing method is to allow expansion of the separator unit 10 and the membrane electrode assembly 30 in an actual use state in which the fuel cell 1 is operated, and to allow an amount of plastic deformation of the upright pieces 22.
- the “expansion due to heating” corresponding to the portion where the separator unit 10 expands with the heat generation of the membrane electrode assembly 30 is the temperature difference between the temperature when the fuel cell 1 is assembled and the operation of the fuel cell 1. It can be calculated from the linear expansion coefficient inherent to each laminated member and the layer thickness.
- the “expansion due to wetting” corresponding to the portion where the membrane / electrode assembly 30 absorbs the medium supplied from the outside and expands causes the fuel cell 1 to operate to generate electric power, and to change the thickness of the membrane / electrode assembly 30. It can be measured with a displacement sensor or the like. Further, even when the electrolyte membrane 31 alone or the membrane electrode assembly 30 is formed, it is exposed to a humidity atmosphere equivalent to the operating state of the fuel cell 1, and the displacement of the layer thickness is measured by a displacement sensor or the like. Can do.
- FIG. 9 shows a state in which the height of the upright piece 22 of the deformation absorbing member 20 of the fuel cell 1 is set in consideration of the manufacturing error of other laminated members and the deviation amount during operation (power generation).
- the dimensional tolerance of the gap along the stacking direction X between the anode side separator 11 and the cathode side separator 12 is that the separator unit 10 expands as the membrane electrode assembly 30 generates heat, and the membrane electrode assembly 30 is supplied from the outside. It is manufactured as a configuration that is larger than the sum of displacements (deviation amounts) along the stacking direction X when the medium is absorbed and expanded.
- a plurality of dimensional tolerances generated when the members of the fuel cell 1 are stacked and assembled can be absorbed at a time. For example, in the state where a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies 30 and separator units 10 are stacked, dimensional tolerances that differ depending on the stacking position can be absorbed.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which the performance test of the fuel cell 1 is performed.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing changes in the layer thickness of the membrane electrode assembly 30 accompanying the performance test of the fuel cell 1.
- the upright piece 22 is further plastically deformed by using the pressure increase caused by heating or humidification performed after the fuel cell 1 is assembled. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, a heated medium is supplied to the separator unit 10 to expand the separator unit 10. By expanding the separator unit 10, the standing piece 22 is further plastically deformed while the distance of the gap along the stacking direction X between the anode side separator 11 and the cathode side separator 12 is reduced within the plastic deformation region. Specifically, hot water heated by the heater 401 is supplied from the cooling fluid supply port 311 b of the end plate 311, and a plurality of separator units 10 and membrane electrode assemblies 30 that are alternately stacked via the current collector plate 211. And then drained from the cooling fluid discharge port 311e.
- a medium is supplied to the membrane electrode assembly 30 and the membrane electrode assembly 30 is humidified and expanded.
- the distance between the gaps in the stacking direction X between the anode side separator 11 and the cathode side separator 12 is reduced within the range of the plastic deformation region, and the upright piece 22 is further plastically deformed.
- the medium humidified by the humidifier 402 is injected from the anode gas supply port 311 c of the end plate 311, and a plurality of separator units 10 and membrane electrode assemblies 30 that are alternately stacked via the current collector plate 211. And then exhausted from the anode gas discharge port 311d.
- the medium humidified by the humidifier 402 is injected from the cathode gas supply port 311 a of the end plate 311, and the separator unit 10 and the membrane electrode assembly 30 are alternately stacked via the current collector plate 211. After being circulated, the gas is exhausted from the cathode gas discharge port 311f.
- the membrane electrode assembly 30 is expanded by being humidified by the fuel gas. That is, the membrane electrode assembly 30 is supplied with heating and humidified gas in order to simulate the thickness during power generation when assembled.
- the separator unit 10 includes an anode side separator 11 and a cathode side separator 12.
- the deformation absorbing member 20 is disposed between the anode-side separator 11 and the cathode-side separator 12, and has a thin plate-like base material 21 and a plurality of uprights provided in a lattice shape from one surface 21 a of the base material 21. And a piece 22.
- the membrane electrode assembly 30 is adjacent to the separator unit 10 and is formed by joining an anode 32 and a cathode 33 so as to face the electrolyte membrane 31.
- the manufacturing method of the fuel cell 1 includes an arrangement process and a setting process.
- the disposing step the extended portion (free end portion 22b) extended from the base end (fixed end portion 22a) of the upright piece 22 provided on the one surface 21a of the base material 21 is replaced with the cathode side separator 12 or the anode side separator. 11 is arranged in contact with.
- the setting step the distance along the stacking direction X between the anode-side separator 11 and the cathode-side separator 12 is set so that the deformation of the upright piece 22 exceeds the elastic deformation region and enters the plastic deformation region, and moves with the deformation.
- the end (fixed end 22a) is set in a region where the cathode side separator 12 or the anode side separator 11 is not contacted.
- the fuel cell 1 includes a separator unit 10, a deformation absorbing member 20, and a membrane electrode assembly 30.
- the separator unit 10 includes an anode side separator 11 and a cathode side separator 12.
- the deformation absorbing member 20 is disposed between the anode-side separator 11 and the cathode-side separator 12, and has a thin plate-like base material 21 and a plurality of uprights provided in a lattice shape from one surface 21 a of the base material 21. And a piece 22.
- the deformation absorbing member 20 has an extended portion (free end portion 22b) extending from the base end (fixed end portion 22a) of the upright piece 22 provided on the one surface 21a of the base member 21 as the cathode side separator 12 or the anode side. It is made to contact
- the membrane electrode assembly 30 is adjacent to the separator unit 10 and is formed by joining an anode 32 and a cathode 33 so as to face the electrolyte membrane 31.
- the region in which the base end (fixed end portion 22a) that has moved along with the deformation does not come into contact with the cathode-side separator 12 or the anode-side separator 11 while the deformation of the standing piece 22 exceeds the elastic deformation region and enters the plastic deformation region.
- the anode-side separator 11 and the cathode-side separator 12 are disposed with a load applied so that
- transformation absorption member 20 can receive from the separator unit 10 can be increased.
- the setting step can be configured to deform the standing piece 22 via the sandwiched cathode separator 12 and anode separator 11.
- the manufacturing errors are reduced. It can absorb effectively by the standing piece 22. If the upright piece 22 is uniformly deformed using a jig, various manufacturing errors actually occurring in the laminated member cannot be sufficiently absorbed.
- the setting step can be configured to plastically deform the upright pieces 22 simultaneously with the assembly.
- the step of assembling the fuel cell 1 and the step of plastically deforming the upright pieces 22 can be performed simultaneously without being separated. That is, it is possible to prevent the cost and man-hours required for manufacturing the fuel cell 1 from increasing.
- the setting step can be configured to further plastically deform the standing piece 22 by the pressure increase accompanying the heating or humidification performed after the assembly.
- the environment in which the fuel cell 1 is actually operated can be reproduced, and the standing piece 22 can be plastically deformed in advance in the environment. That is, the upright piece 22 can be preliminarily plastically deformed assuming the actual use state of the fuel cell 1 rather than the state at the time of assembly of the fuel cell 1. Therefore, even after the fuel cell 1 is assembled and in use, even if the standing piece 22 is further urged, the fixed end portion 22a side of the standing piece 22 comes into contact with the cathode-side separator 12 and is in a state of supporting beams at both ends. Can be prevented. That is, since the fuel cell 1 can suppress an excessive load increase and prevent damage to the member after use and during use, the contact resistance can be prevented from increasing.
- the heated medium is supplied to the separator unit 10, and the separator unit 10 is expanded so that the gap distance along the stacking direction X between the anode-side separator 11 and the cathode-side separator 12.
- the upright piece 22 can be configured to be further plastically deformed while being reduced within the range of the plastic deformation region.
- the medium is supplied to the membrane electrode assembly 30 and the membrane electrode assembly 30 is humidified and expanded to expand the anode side separator 11 and the cathode side separator 12 in the stacking direction X.
- the standing piece 22 can be further plastically deformed while reducing the distance of the gap along the range of the plastic deformation region.
- the membrane electrode assembly 30 in the actual use state of the fuel cell 1, it is assumed that the membrane electrode assembly 30 is humidified and expanded by the supplied medium, and the upright pieces 22 are plastically deformed in advance. it can. Therefore, even when the upright piece 22 is urged from the expanded membrane electrode assembly 30 during use of the fuel cell 1, the fixed end portion 22 a side contacts the cathode-side separator 12 and becomes a state of both-end support beams. This can prevent the contact resistance from increasing.
- the medium that humidifies and expands the membrane electrode assembly 30 can be configured to be humidified and supplied to a dew point higher than the temperature in use.
- thermoplastic or thermosetting sealing member that seals and seals at least the outer peripheral edge of the separator unit 10 and the membrane electrode assembly 30 can be used.
- the distance of the gap along the stacking direction X between the anode side separator 11 and the cathode side separator 12 is reduced within the range of the plastic deformation region.
- the upright piece 22 is further plastically deformed.
- the separator unit 10 and the like are thermally expanded with heating when the sealing member is cured at the time of sealing using the sealing member performed after the respective members of the fuel cell 1 are laminated.
- the upright pieces 22 can be plastically deformed in advance. Therefore, after laminating each member at the time of assembly of the fuel cell 1, the upright piece 22 is energized from the separator unit 10 that is heated and thermally expanded together with the sealing member, and the fixed end portion 22a side is the cathode side separator 12. It is possible to prevent the contact resistance from increasing due to contact.
- the pressure applied to the gap between the anode side separator 11 and one membrane electrode assembly 30 and the pressure applied to the gap between the cathode side separator 12 and the other membrane electrode assembly 30 are:
- the pressure applied to the gap between the anode-side separator 11 and the cathode-side separator 12 provided with the deformation absorbing member 20 can be set higher.
- the upright piece 22 extends from the base end (fixed end portion 22 a) to a curved portion 22 c that protrudes in a convex shape toward the direction away from the cathode side separator 12 or the anode side separator 11. It can be set as the structure provided in the area
- the standing piece 22 of the deformation absorbing member 20 disposed between the anode side separator 11 and the cathode side separator 12 is deformed by receiving a load
- the curved portion 22c becomes the anode side separator. 11 abuts. Therefore, the standing piece 22 can be plastically deformed through elastic deformation by gently receiving the load received from the anode-side separator 11 at the curved portion 22c.
- the curved portion 22 c is provided with a load fulcrum 22 d that supports the load received from the anode side separator 11 or the cathode side separator 12 on the side facing the anode side separator 11 or the cathode side separator 12. It can be.
- the load fulcrum 22d moves to the extended portion (free end portion 22b) side with the deformation of the upright piece 22.
- the portion where the curved portion 22c comes into contact with the anode separator 11 is received from the anode separator 11 as the load fulcrum 22d. It can be received while gradually increasing the load.
- the load fulcrum 22d of the curved portion 22c moves toward the free end portion 22b, so that a large change does not occur in the state of pressing against the anode separator 11. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the load received from the separator unit 10 from rapidly increasing when the standing piece 22 exceeds a certain position in the process of being deformed by receiving the load.
- the gap distance along the stacking direction X between the anode side separator 11 and the cathode side separator 12 is such that the separator unit 10 expands as the membrane electrode assembly 30 generates heat, and the membrane electrode junction Even if the body 30 absorbs the medium supplied from the outside and expands, it can be configured to be within the range of the plastic deformation region.
- the separator unit 10 and the membrane electrode assembly 30 are expanded in the actual use state in which the fuel cell 1 is operated, and the plastic deformation amount of the upright pieces 22 is allowed to have a margin. it can. Therefore, even when the standing piece 22 is urged from the expanded separator unit 10 and the membrane electrode assembly 30 during use of the fuel cell 1, the stationary end 22 a side of the standing piece 22 contacts the cathode separator 12. Thus, it can be prevented that the both ends support beam. That is, the fuel cell 1 can prevent the contact resistance from increasing after assembly and during use.
- the dimensional tolerance of the gap along the stacking direction X between the anode side separator 11 and the cathode side separator 12 is at least that the separator unit 10 expands as the membrane electrode assembly 30 generates heat
- the membrane electrode assembly 30 may be configured to be larger than the sum of the dimensional tolerances along the stacking direction X when the membrane electrode assembly 30 expands by absorbing the medium supplied from the outside.
- a plurality of dimensional tolerances generated when the members of the fuel cell 1 are stacked and assembled can be absorbed at a time.
- dimensional tolerances that differ depending on the stacking position can be absorbed.
- the shape of the standing piece 22 has been described as a rectangular shape in which the width of the extending portion (free end portion 22b) and the base end (fixed end portion 22a) are equal.
- the standing piece 22 is not limited to such a shape, and may be a trapezoid, a triangle, a semicircle, a polygon, and a combination thereof.
- the plurality of standing pieces 22 have been described with a configuration in which the orientation of the free end portions 22b is aligned in a plurality of rows along the other direction Z intersecting with the one direction Y.
- the plurality of upright pieces 22 are not limited to such a shape, and in a plurality of rows along the other direction Z intersecting with the one direction Y, the direction of the free end portion 22b is set for each row. It can be set as the structure formed alternately.
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Abstract
Description
実施形態に係る燃料電池1の製造方法および燃料電池1について、図1~図11を参照しながら説明する。
10 セパレータユニット、
11 アノード側セパレータ、
12 カソード側セパレータ、
11g,12g 流路部、
13 アノードガス流路、
14 冷却水流路、
15 カソードガス流路、
20 変形吸収部材、
21 基材、
21a 一面、
22 起立片、
22a 固定端部、
22b 自由端部、
22c 湾曲部、
22d 荷重支点、
30 膜電極接合体、
31 電解質膜、
32 アノード、
33 カソード、
34 枠体、
100 燃料電池セル、
211,212 集電板、
211h 集電部、
211i 突起部、
300 筺体、
311,312 エンドプレート、
311j 貫通孔、
320 締結板、
330 補強板、
340 ネジ、
11a,12a,34a,211a,311a カソードガス供給口、
11b,12b,34b,211b,311b 冷却流体供給口、
11c,12c,34c,211c,311c アノードガス供給口、
11d,12d,34d,211d,311d アノードガス排出口、
11e,12e,34e,211e,311e 冷却流体排出口、
11f,12f,34f,211f,311f カソードガス排出口、
401 加熱器、
402 加湿器、
X 積層方向、
Y 一の方向、
Z 他の方向。
Claims (14)
- アノード側セパレータとカソード側セパレータとを備えたセパレータユニットと、
前記アノード側セパレータと前記カソード側セパレータとの間に配設し、薄板状の基材と、前記基材の一面から格子状にそれぞれ起立して設けた複数の起立片と、を備えた変形吸収部材と、
前記セパレータユニットに隣接し、アノードとカソードとを電解質膜に対向するように接合して形成した膜電極接合体と、を用いる燃料電池の製造方法であって、
前記基材の前記一面に設けた前記起立片の基端から延在させた延在部を、前記カソード側セパレータまたは前記アノード側セパレータに対して当接させて配設する配設工程と、
前記アノード側セパレータと前記カソード側セパレータとの積層方向に沿った間隔を、前記起立片の変形が、弾性変形領域を超えて塑性変形領域に入りつつ、変形に伴い移動した前記基端を前記カソード側セパレータまたは前記アノード側セパレータに接触させない領域で設定する設定工程と、を有する燃料電池の製造方法。 - 前記設定工程は、挟持する前記カソード側セパレータおよび前記アノード側セパレータを介して、前記起立片を変形させる請求項1に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
- 前記設定工程は、組み付けと同時に前記起立片を塑性変形させる請求項2に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
- 前記設定工程は、組み付けた後に実施する加温または加湿に伴う圧力上昇によって、前記起立片をさらに塑性変形させる請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
- 前記セパレータユニットに加熱した媒体を供給し、前記セパレータユニットを膨張させることによって、前記アノード側セパレータと前記カソード側セパレータとの積層方向に沿った隙間の距離を前記塑性変形領域の範囲内で縮小させつつ、前記起立片をさらに塑性変形させる請求項4に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
- 前記膜電極接合体に媒体を供給し、前記膜電極接合体を加湿させて膨張させることによって、前記アノード側セパレータと前記カソード側セパレータとの積層方向に沿った隙間の距離を前記塑性変形領域の範囲内で縮小させつつ、前記起立片をさらに塑性変形させる請求項4または5に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
- 前記媒体は、使用状態の温度よりも高い露点まで加湿させて供給する請求項6に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
- 少なくとも前記セパレータユニットと前記膜電極接合体との外周縁を密閉して封止する熱可塑性または熱硬化性の封止部材を用い、
前記封止部材を硬化させるときの加熱に伴い少なくとも前記セパレータユニットを膨張させることによって、前記アノード側セパレータと前記カソード側セパレータとの積層方向に沿った隙間の距離を前記塑性変形領域の範囲内で縮小させつつ、前記起立片をさらに塑性変形させる請求項4~7のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。 - 前記アノード側セパレータと一の前記膜電極接合体との隙間に掛る圧力、および前記カソード側セパレータと他の前記膜電極接合体との隙間に掛る圧力は、前記変形吸収部材を配設した前記アノード側セパレータと前記カソード側セパレータとの隙間に掛る圧力よりも高くする請求項4~8のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
- アノード側セパレータとカソード側セパレータとを備えたセパレータユニットと、
前記アノード側セパレータと前記カソード側セパレータとの間に配設し、薄板状の基材と、前記基材の一面から格子状にそれぞれ起立して設けた複数の起立片と、を備え、前記起立片の基端から延在させた延在部を、前記カソード側セパレータまたは前記アノード側セパレータに対して当接させた変形吸収部材と、
前記セパレータユニットに隣接し、アノードとカソードとを電解質膜に対向するように接合して形成した膜電極接合体と、を有し、
前記起立片の変形が、弾性変形領域を超えて塑性変形領域に入りつつ、変形に伴い移動した前記基端を前記カソード側セパレータまたは前記アノード側セパレータに接触させない領域となるように荷重を付加して前記アノード側セパレータと前記カソード側セパレータとを配設した燃料電池。 - 前記起立片は、前記カソード側セパレータまたは前記アノード側セパレータから離間する方向に向かって凸状に突出して湾曲した湾曲部を、前記基端と前記延在部との間の領域に備えている請求項10に記載の燃料電池。
- 前記湾曲部は、前記アノード側セパレータまたは前記カソード側セパレータと対向する側に、前記アノード側セパレータまたは前記カソード側セパレータから受けた荷重を支持する荷重支点を設け、
前記荷重支点は、前記起立片の変形と共に前記延在部側に移動する請求項11に記載の燃料電池。 - 前記アノード側セパレータと前記カソード側セパレータとの積層方向に沿った隙間の距離は、前記セパレータユニットが前記膜電極接合体の発熱に伴い膨張し、かつ、前記膜電極接合体が外部から供給された媒体を吸収して膨張しても、前記塑性変形領域の範囲に収まる請求項10~12のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池。
- 前記アノード側セパレータと前記カソード側セパレータとの積層方向に沿った隙間の寸法公差は、少なくとも、前記セパレータユニットが前記膜電極接合体の発熱に伴い膨張し、かつ、前記膜電極接合体が外部から供給された媒体を吸収して膨張した場合の積層方向に沿った寸法公差の和よりも大きい請求項10~13のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池。
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JP2015528179A JP6143868B2 (ja) | 2013-07-22 | 2014-06-02 | 燃料電池の製造方法および燃料電池 |
CN201480040660.0A CN105393391B (zh) | 2013-07-22 | 2014-06-02 | 燃料电池的制造方法和燃料电池 |
US14/901,136 US9960435B2 (en) | 2013-07-22 | 2014-06-02 | Fuel-cell-stack manufacturing method and fuel-cell-stack |
EP14830320.9A EP3026743B1 (en) | 2013-07-22 | 2014-06-02 | Fuel cell production method and fuel cell |
CA2919060A CA2919060C (en) | 2013-07-22 | 2014-06-02 | Fuel-cell-stack manufacturing method and fuel-cell-stack |
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CN106558710A (zh) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-04-05 | 现代自动车株式会社 | 具有多层型集电板的燃料电池堆 |
CN106558710B (zh) * | 2015-09-24 | 2021-07-30 | 现代自动车株式会社 | 具有多层型集电板的燃料电池堆 |
JP7421582B2 (ja) | 2022-03-10 | 2024-01-24 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池スタックの製造方法 |
US12009561B2 (en) | 2022-03-10 | 2024-06-11 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method of producing fuel cell stack |
Also Published As
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CN105393391A (zh) | 2016-03-09 |
JPWO2015011989A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
US20160133948A1 (en) | 2016-05-12 |
CA2919060C (en) | 2019-04-02 |
US9960435B2 (en) | 2018-05-01 |
JP6143868B2 (ja) | 2017-06-07 |
CA2919060A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
EP3026743A4 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
EP3026743A1 (en) | 2016-06-01 |
EP3026743B1 (en) | 2018-02-21 |
CN105393391B (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
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