WO2015004734A1 - 内燃機関の制御装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015004734A1 WO2015004734A1 PCT/JP2013/068765 JP2013068765W WO2015004734A1 WO 2015004734 A1 WO2015004734 A1 WO 2015004734A1 JP 2013068765 W JP2013068765 W JP 2013068765W WO 2015004734 A1 WO2015004734 A1 WO 2015004734A1
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- air
- fuel ratio
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- torque
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D37/00—Non-electrical conjoint control of two or more functions of engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D37/02—Non-electrical conjoint control of two or more functions of engines, not otherwise provided for one of the functions being ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D21/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas
- F02D21/06—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air
- F02D21/08—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air the other gas being the exhaust gas of engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/005—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] according to engine operating conditions
- F02D41/0052—Feedback control of engine parameters, e.g. for control of air/fuel ratio or intake air amount
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/0077—Control of the EGR valve or actuator, e.g. duty cycle, closed loop control of position
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
- F02D41/10—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for acceleration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1473—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation method
- F02D41/1475—Regulating the air fuel ratio at a value other than stoichiometry
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1497—With detection of the mechanical response of the engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
- F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
- F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
- F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
- F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
- F02P5/15—Digital data processing
- F02P5/1502—Digital data processing using one central computing unit
- F02P5/1504—Digital data processing using one central computing unit with particular means during a transient phase, e.g. acceleration, deceleration, gear change
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
- F02D2250/18—Control of the engine output torque
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
- F02D2250/18—Control of the engine output torque
- F02D2250/21—Control of the engine output torque during a transition between engine operation modes or states
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control device that integrally controls an air amount, a fuel supply amount, an ignition timing, and an EGR rate of an internal combustion engine configured such that an air-fuel ratio used for operation can be switched between at least two air-fuel ratios.
- Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2002-339778 discloses a combustion system switching control in an internal combustion engine capable of switching the combustion system of an internal combustion engine from stoichiometric combustion using a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio to lean combustion using a lean air-fuel ratio or from lean combustion to stoichiometric combustion.
- Related arts hereinafter, prior art are disclosed.
- the combustion mode is switched from stoichiometric combustion to lean combustion
- the EGR rate at that time is switched from a value corresponding to stoichiometric combustion to a value corresponding to lean combustion.
- the target value of the EGR rate corresponds to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio prior to air-fuel ratio switching. It is conceivable to switch from the obtained value to a value corresponding to the lean air-fuel ratio.
- the EGR rate can be switched to the target value corresponding to the lean air-fuel ratio before the air-fuel ratio becomes the lean air-fuel ratio, so that there is a certain effect in improving the response delay of the EGR rate. .
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in an internal combustion engine configured to be able to switch the air-fuel ratio used for operation between at least two air-fuel ratios, the torque is changed in an increasing direction in response to a driver's request.
- An object is to switch the air-fuel ratio with good response while suppressing the EGR rate from becoming excessive.
- the present invention can be applied to the configuration of a control device for an internal combustion engine.
- the outline of the control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention will be described below.
- the present invention can be applied to the procedure of the control method of the internal combustion engine, and can also be applied to an algorithm of a program executed by the control device. .
- the control device includes an EGR valve that adjusts an EGR rate, and performs a first operation with a first air-fuel ratio near the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio and a second operation with a second air-fuel ratio that is leaner than the first air-fuel ratio.
- the intake air amount is controlled by using the target first air amount calculated using the first air-fuel ratio as the target air amount, and in the second operation, the second air-fuel ratio is set.
- An internal combustion engine in which the intake air amount is controlled using the target second air amount calculated by using the target second air amount as a target air amount is set as a control target.
- the control device controls the opening degree of the EGR valve to the first opening degree during the first operation, controls the opening degree of the EGR valve to the second opening degree larger than the first opening degree during the second operation, The period from the first operation to the second operation, which is the period from when the target air amount becomes the target second air amount to when the actual air amount becomes the target second intake air amount, The fuel ratio is controlled, the ignition timing is retarded, and the opening of the EGR valve is controlled to a third opening that is larger than the first opening and smaller than the second opening.
- a fresh air rate that is a ratio of unburned air contained in the exhaust gas.
- control device increases the ratio of the fresh air rate when the internal combustion engine is operated at the second air-fuel ratio to the fresh air rate when the internal combustion engine is operated at the first air-fuel ratio. Control is performed so that the difference between the opening and the third opening is increased.
- the supercharging characteristic variable for changing the supercharging characteristic of the supercharger.
- An actuator specifically, a variable nozzle and a waste gate valve are included in the first actuator.
- the second actuator is an injector that injects fuel, and includes a port injector that injects fuel into the intake port and an in-cylinder injector that directly injects fuel into the cylinder.
- the third actuator is an ignition device.
- the fourth actuator is an EGR valve.
- the control device according to the present invention integrally controls the air amount, fuel supply amount, ignition timing, and EGR rate of the internal combustion engine by cooperative operation of these four types of actuators.
- the control device can be embodied by a computer. More specifically, the control device according to the present invention is configured by a computer including a memory storing a program describing processing for realizing various functions and a processor that reads and executes the program from the memory. Can do.
- the functions of the control device according to the present invention include a required torque reception function, a target air-fuel ratio switching function as functions for determining a target air amount, a target air-fuel ratio, and a target EGR rate used for cooperative operation of the four types of actuators.
- a function, a target air amount calculation function, a virtual air-fuel ratio change function, and a target EGR rate calculation function are included.
- the required torque reception function receives the required torque for the internal combustion engine.
- the required torque is calculated based on a signal responsive to the accelerator pedal opening operated by the driver.
- a required torque that decreases according to the speed at which the driver closes the accelerator pedal is obtained.
- a required torque that increases according to the speed at which the driver opens the accelerator pedal is obtained.
- the air-fuel ratio used for calculating the target air amount becomes the first air-fuel ratio before the target air-fuel ratio is switched from the first air-fuel ratio to the second air-fuel ratio.
- the air / fuel ratio is switched to the second air / fuel ratio.
- a condition for switching the air-fuel ratio for example, there is an acceleration time from idle operation. If the value of the required torque is the same, the target air amount decreases as the virtual air-fuel ratio becomes rich, and the target air amount increases as the virtual air-fuel ratio becomes lean.
- the reference value for the torque may be a fixed value, but is preferably changed as appropriate according to the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine or other conditions.
- the control device cooperatively operates four types of actuators based on the target air amount, target air-fuel ratio, and target EGR rate determined by the above processing.
- the functions of the control device according to the present invention include a first actuator control function, a second actuator control function, and a third actuator control as functions for cooperative operation based on the target air amount, the target air-fuel ratio, and the target EGR rate. Functions and fourth actuator control functions are included.
- the operation amount of the first actuator is determined based on the target air amount. Then, the first actuator is operated according to the determined operation amount. The actual air amount changes so as to follow the target air amount by operating the first actuator.
- the fuel supply amount is determined based on the target air-fuel ratio. Then, the second actuator is operated according to the determined fuel supply amount.
- the ignition timing for achieving the required torque is determined based on the torque estimated from the operation amount of the first actuator and the target air-fuel ratio and the required torque. Then, the third actuator is operated according to the determined ignition timing.
- the actual air amount can be estimated from the operation amount of the first actuator, and the torque can be estimated from the estimated air amount and the target air-fuel ratio.
- the operation of the third actuator is performed so that the excess of the estimated torque with respect to the required torque is corrected by the ignition timing.
- the operation amount of the fourth actuator is determined based on the virtual air-fuel ratio and the target air-fuel ratio. Then, the fourth actuator is operated according to the determined operation amount. The actual EGR rate changes so as to follow the target EGR rate by operating the fourth actuator.
- the fourth actuator control function included in the control device according to the present invention preferably includes a target EGR rate calculation function for calculating a target EGR rate that is a target value of the EGR rate.
- the virtual air-fuel ratio used for the target air amount calculation function is used to calculate the target EGR rate.
- the virtual air-fuel ratio is variable and is changed by the virtual air-fuel ratio changing function.
- the virtual air-fuel ratio changing function the virtual air-fuel ratio is switched from a value corresponding to the first air-fuel ratio to a value corresponding to the second air-fuel ratio in response to an increase of the required torque to a reference value or more.
- the fourth actuator control function provided in the control device according to the present invention has a parameter value for calculating a parameter value corresponding to a fresh air rate that is a ratio of unburned air (oxygen) contained in the exhaust gas.
- a calculation function is preferably included.
- the parameter value calculation function for example, the surplus air ratio defined as the ratio of the fresh air rate of combustion at the virtual air-fuel ratio to the fresh air rate of combustion at the target air-fuel ratio is calculated as the parameter value.
- the operation correction amount of the fourth actuator for changing the EGR ratio in the direction of decreasing the EGR ratio as the surplus air ratio is large is used as the first correction amount. Calculated.
- the operation amount of the fourth actuator for achieving the target EGR rate under the virtual air-fuel ratio is calculated as the first base operation amount. Then, the first base operation amount is corrected using the first correction amount, and the corrected value is determined as the operation amount of the fourth actuator.
- the parameter corresponding to the fresh air rate can be a value of the target air-fuel ratio.
- the operation correction amount of the fourth actuator for changing the EGR rate to increase as the target air-fuel ratio value becomes leaner is calculated as the second correction amount.
- the second base operation amount is corrected using the second correction amount, and the corrected value is determined as the operation amount of the fourth actuator.
- the EGR rate is changed so as to decrease as the excess air ratio increases using the excess air ratio that is the value of the parameter calculated by the parameter calculation function.
- the correction amount of the target EGR rate of the fourth actuator is calculated as the third correction amount.
- the target EGR rate is corrected using the third correction amount, and the operation amount of the fourth actuator for achieving the corrected target EGR rate under the virtual air-fuel ratio is calculated. Is determined as the amount of operation.
- the target EGR rate is set under the target air-fuel ratio.
- the operation amount of the fourth actuator to be achieved is calculated, and this value is determined as the final operation amount.
- the arithmetic unit 402 calculates a reference value for torque.
- the reference value is the torque at the boundary between the stoichiometric mode in the extremely low load range and the lean mode in the low load range, and the optimum value is adapted to each engine speed from the viewpoint of fuel efficiency, exhaust gas performance, and drivability. ing.
- the arithmetic unit 402 calculates a reference value suitable for the engine speed with reference to a map prepared in advance. In the figure, the reference value is written as “Ref”.
- the arithmetic unit 404 While the requested first torque is smaller than the reference value, the arithmetic unit 404 sets the virtual air-fuel ratio to the first air-fuel ratio in response to the requested first torque being smaller than the reference value.
- the arithmetic unit 404 responds to the increase of the requested first torque to the reference value or more in response to the virtual air-fuel ratio. Is switched from the first air-fuel ratio to the second air-fuel ratio.
- the arithmetic unit 404 sets the virtual air-fuel ratio to the second air-fuel ratio in response to the requested first torque being greater than the reference value.
- the arithmetic unit 406 corresponds to the target air-fuel ratio switching means in the present invention.
- the first air-fuel ratio used in the stoichiometric mode and the second air-fuel ratio used in the lean mode are set in advance as predetermined values for the target air-fuel ratio.
- the arithmetic unit 406 receives the virtual air-fuel ratio determined by the arithmetic unit 404, the previous step value of the target air amount calculated by the arithmetic unit 162, and the previous step value of the estimated air amount calculated by the arithmetic unit 174. Has been.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the logic of the arithmetic unit 192.
- functions related to the calculation of the EGR opening are represented by blocks.
- An arithmetic unit is assigned to each of these blocks.
- Programs corresponding to the respective blocks are prepared in the ECU, and the functions of the respective arithmetic units are realized in the ECU by being executed by the processor.
- the arithmetic units 502, 504, and 506 constituting the arithmetic unit 192 can be distributed and assigned to a plurality of cores.
- the arithmetic unit 502 is further composed of two arithmetic units 508 and 510.
- a virtual air-fuel ratio is input to the arithmetic unit 502.
- the arithmetic unit 508 corresponds to a target EGR rate calculation means in the present invention, and calculates a target EGR rate for optimizing exhaust emission, fuel consumption, etc. under a virtual air-fuel ratio.
- the EGR rate is the ratio of EGR gas in the air sucked into the cylinder from the intake valve
- the EGR amount indicating the amount of EGR gas sucked into the cylinder from the intake valve is the value in the present invention. It is within an equal range of the EGR rate.
- the arithmetic unit 502 may be configured to directly calculate the first base opening using the EGR opening map.
- the EGR opening degree map is a map in which the EGR opening degree is associated with the engine state quantity including the engine speed, the air amount, and the air-fuel ratio as keys.
- the virtual air-fuel ratio is used for map search. According to such a configuration, the EGR opening required under the virtual air-fuel ratio is calculated as the first base opening without calculating the target EGR rate.
- the arithmetic unit 506 corrects the EGR ratio to be further lowered as the surplus fresh air ratio is larger. Is output as the first opening correction amount.
- the arithmetic unit 506 corresponds to the first correction amount calculation means in the present invention.
- the first opening correction amount calculated by the arithmetic unit 506 is added to the first base opening calculated by the arithmetic unit 510 to calculate the final EGR opening. While the surplus fresh air ratio is 1 or less, the arithmetic unit 506 may output a value of 0 instead of an invalid value as the first opening correction amount.
- the calculated EGR opening is converted into a signal for driving the EGR valve 12 and transmitted to the EGR valve 12 via the interface 116 of the ECU.
- the operation amount of the EGR valve 12 may be the duty ratio of a solenoid that drives the EGR valve 12 instead of the EGR valve opening degree.
- the control result by the comparative example for the logic adopted in the present embodiment is obtained when the EGR opening degree for achieving the target EGR rate under the virtual air-fuel ratio is calculated.
- the EGR opening degree calculation logic in the comparative example outputs the first base opening degree as the final EGR opening degree without performing the correction using the first opening degree correction amount in the arithmetic unit 192 of the present embodiment. It adopts the configuration to do. Since the present invention eliminates the concern that the comparative example has, by clarifying in advance the control result of the comparative example and the concern that exists there, the advantage of the logic employed in this embodiment is more It seems to be clear.
- FIG. 4 is a time chart showing an image of the control result during acceleration according to the comparative example.
- the first chart in FIG. 4 shows the time change of the required torque and the actual torque.
- the second chart shows the time variation of the target air amount and the actual air amount.
- the third chart shows the change over time in the ignition timing.
- the fourth chart shows the change over time of the target air-fuel ratio and the virtual air-fuel ratio that is a parameter for calculating the target air amount.
- the virtual air-fuel ratio is a parameter that gives the conversion efficiency of the air amount into torque, and the air amount necessary to achieve the required torque under the virtual air-fuel ratio is the target air amount.
- the target EGR rate is the first period from when the virtual air fuel ratio is switched from the first air fuel ratio to the second air fuel ratio until the target air fuel ratio is switched from the first air fuel ratio to the second air fuel ratio.
- the actual air-fuel ratio is controlled to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, which is the first air-fuel ratio, although the EGR rate is controlled to correspond to the lean air-fuel ratio, which is the second air-fuel ratio.
- the fresh air rate of the EGR gas recirculated during this time becomes a value smaller than the value assumed when calculating the target EGR rate, that is, the value under the lean air-fuel ratio.
- the actual EGR rate exceeds the target EGR rate and overshoots, there is a concern about torque fluctuation due to deterioration of combustion.
- the fourth chart in FIG. 5 shows the change over time in the indicated ignition timing efficiency. As described above, “ ⁇ i” is the indicated ignition timing efficiency.
- the fifth chart in FIG. 5 shows the time change of the ignition timing. As described above, “SA” is the ignition timing.
- the eighth chart in FIG. 5 shows the time change of the fresh air rate of the EGR gas.
- the fresh air rate of EGR gas here has shown the ratio of the unburned air in EGR gas.
- the fresh air rate is not measured by actual engine control.
- the new air rate line drawn on the chart is an image line supported by the test results.
- the 9th chart in FIG. 5 shows the time change of the EGR opening. As described above, “EGRvb1” is the base opening, and “EGRv” is the EGR opening.
- the indicated ignition timing efficiency is 1, so the ignition timing is maintained at the optimal ignition timing.
- the ignition timing changes according to the decrease in the required first torque. This is a change corresponding to the fact that the optimal ignition timing changes according to the engine speed and the air amount.
- the virtual air-fuel ratio is switched from the first air-fuel ratio to the second air-fuel ratio. That is, the target air-fuel ratio is maintained at the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, while the virtual air-fuel ratio is made lean in a stepwise manner.
- the operation with the second air-fuel ratio that is a lean air-fuel ratio requires a larger amount of air than the amount of air required for the operation with the first air-fuel ratio that is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.
- the surplus fresh air ratio is greater than 1 after the requested first torque exceeds the reference value and the target air-fuel ratio deviates from the virtual air-fuel ratio until the target air-fuel ratio and the virtual air-fuel ratio coincide again.
- the first opening correction amount is set to a value (negative value) corresponding to the surplus fresh air ratio.
- the EGR opening during this period is a value obtained by adding the first opening correction amount (negative value) to the value of the first base opening.
- the EGR valve which is an actuator, operates based on the EGR opening.
- the actual EGR rate does not increase stepwise but increases with a delay from the target EGR rate.
- the actual EGR rate gradually converges to the target EGR rate, and eventually follows the target EGR rate.
- the first opening correction amount is an effective value
- the EGR opening is corrected in a direction to decrease the actual EGR rate corresponding to the excess fresh air ratio. This effectively suppresses the situation where the actual EGR rate overshoots in the increasing direction and the combustion deteriorates.
- the air-fuel ratio is changed from the first air-fuel ratio which is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio while achieving a smooth increase in torque commensurate with the driver's acceleration request. It is possible to switch to the second air-fuel ratio that is a leaner air-fuel ratio with good response. Further, according to the logic employed in the present embodiment, the EGR rate is excessive when the air-fuel ratio is switched from the first air-fuel ratio, which is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, to the second air-fuel ratio, which is an air-fuel ratio that is leaner than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. Can be effectively suppressed.
- the logic of the arithmetic unit 192 is different between the second embodiment and the first embodiment.
- the overall logic of the ECU is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the logic of the ECU according to the present embodiment can also be represented in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the logic of the arithmetic unit 192 according to the present embodiment.
- the arithmetic unit 192 according to the present embodiment includes arithmetic units 520 and 522.
- the arithmetic unit 524 calculates the second base opening that is the base of the EGR valve opening for achieving the target EGR rate.
- mathematical formulas and maps obtained by modeling the response of the EGR rate to the operation of the EGR valve based on fluid dynamics or the like can be used. Since the EGR rate is affected by the engine speed, the air amount, and the air-fuel ratio, these are used as parameters in the calculation of the second base opening.
- the air-fuel ratio the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio is used for calculating the second base opening. That is, the arithmetic unit 524 calculates the EGR opening degree for achieving the target EGR rate under the theoretical air-fuel ratio as the second base opening degree.
- the second base opening is indicated as “EGRvb2”.
- the arithmetic unit 524 corresponds to the target second base operation amount calculation means in the present invention.
- the target air-fuel ratio is the second air-fuel ratio (lean air-fuel ratio)
- the arithmetic unit 522 corresponds to the second correction amount calculation means in the present invention.
- the second opening degree correction amount calculated by the arithmetic unit 522 is added to the second base opening degree calculated by the arithmetic unit 520 to calculate the final EGR opening degree.
- the EGR opening is an opening reflecting the fresh air rate in the EGR gas.
- FIG. 7 is a time chart showing an image of a control result during acceleration by the ECU according to the present embodiment.
- the time chart of FIG. 7 is composed of a plurality of charts, but the contents shown in each chart are the same as those of the time chart of FIG. 5 except for the time change of the 9th stage EGR opening. .
- the ninth chart in FIG. 7 shows the time change of the EGR opening.
- EGRvb2 is the second base opening
- EGRv is the EGR opening.
- the target air-fuel ratio and the virtual air-fuel ratio are both maintained at the first air-fuel ratio that is the theoretical air-fuel ratio. Therefore, the second base opening during this time is calculated using the theoretical air-fuel ratio. Further, the second opening degree correction amount during this period is set to an invalid value in response to the target air-fuel ratio being the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. As a result, the EGR opening during this period is maintained at the value of the second base opening.
- the virtual air-fuel ratio used for calculating the target EGR rate is switched to the second air-fuel ratio stepwise, and the target EGR rate also increases stepwise at the time of the switching. become.
- the target EGR rate increases stepwise
- the second base opening degree also increases stepwise at the time of increase.
- the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio is always used as a parameter relating to the air-fuel ratio.
- the second opening degree correction amount is such that the target air-fuel ratio is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio until the requested first torque exceeds the reference value and the target air-fuel ratio is switched from the first air-fuel ratio to the second air-fuel ratio. In response, it becomes an invalid value. As a result, the EGR opening during this period is maintained at the value of the second base opening.
- the target air-fuel ratio becomes equal to the lean air-fuel ratio after the target air-fuel ratio and the virtual air-fuel ratio coincide again. It becomes a value (positive value) for correcting the EGR rate to be further increased in response to the fuel ratio. As a result, the EGR opening during this period is maintained at a value obtained by adding the value (positive value) of the second opening correction amount to the value of the second base opening.
- the operation with the second air-fuel ratio that is the lean air-fuel ratio has a higher fresh air rate in the exhaust gas than the operation with the first air-fuel ratio that is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.
- the EGR opening degree for achieving the target EGR rate under the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio is calculated to avoid excessive actual EGR rate.
- the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio is always assumed when calculating the EGR opening, the EGR rate will be insufficient during operation with a lean air-fuel ratio.
- the EGR opening is corrected in the direction of increasing the EGR rate. As a result, it is effectively prevented that the EGR opening increases stepwise at the time of switching the target air-fuel ratio and the actual EGR rate is insufficient.
- the air-fuel ratio is changed from the first air-fuel ratio which is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio while achieving a smooth increase in torque commensurate with the driver's acceleration request. It is possible to switch to the second air-fuel ratio that is a leaner air-fuel ratio with good response. Further, according to the logic employed in the present embodiment, the EGR rate is excessive when the air-fuel ratio is switched from the first air-fuel ratio, which is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, to the second air-fuel ratio, which is an air-fuel ratio that is leaner than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. Can be effectively suppressed.
- the overall logic of the ECU is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the logic of the ECU according to the present embodiment can also be represented in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the logic of the arithmetic unit 192 according to the present embodiment.
- the arithmetic unit 192 according to the present embodiment includes arithmetic units 504, 530, and 532.
- the arithmetic unit 504 is common to that of the arithmetic unit according to the first embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the arithmetic units 530 and 532 which are different from the first embodiment will be described.
- the arithmetic unit 530 is provided in place of the arithmetic unit 502 according to the first embodiment.
- the arithmetic unit 530 is further composed of two arithmetic units 534 and 536.
- the arithmetic units 534 and 536 are provided in place of the arithmetic units 508 and 510 according to the first embodiment.
- the arithmetic unit 534 calculates the target base EGR rate using the EGR rate map.
- the EGR rate map is a map in which the EGR rate is associated with the engine state quantity including the engine speed, the air amount, and the air-fuel ratio as keys. This map is determined by adaptation for each air amount, engine speed, and air-fuel ratio. For the search of the EGR rate map, the actual value or target value of the engine state quantity is used. As for the air-fuel ratio, the virtual air-fuel ratio is used for map search. Therefore, the arithmetic unit 534 calculates the EGR rate required under the virtual air-fuel ratio as the target base EGR rate. In the figure, the target base EGR rate is expressed as “EGRtb”. The arithmetic unit 534 corresponds to the target EGR rate calculation means in the present invention.
- the arithmetic unit 536 calculates the EGR opening degree for achieving the target EGR rate.
- a mathematical formula or a map obtained by modeling the response of the EGR rate to the operation of the EGR valve based on fluid dynamics or the like can be used. Since the EGR rate is affected by the engine speed, the air amount, and the air-fuel ratio, these are used as parameters in the calculation of the EGR opening.
- the air-fuel ratio the virtual air-fuel ratio is used for calculating the EGR opening.
- the EGR opening is indicated as “EGRv”.
- the arithmetic unit 536 corresponds to the first operation amount calculation means in the present invention.
- the arithmetic unit 532 calculates an EGR rate correction amount that is a correction amount of the target base EGR rate using the surplus fresh air ratio.
- the EGR correction amount is expressed as “EGRtc”.
- a correction amount map is used.
- the correction amount map is a map in which the excess fresh air ratio and the EGR rate correction amount are associated with various engine state amounts including the engine speed and the air amount as keys.
- the calculation unit 532 invalidates the EGR correction amount.
- the value is output.
- the arithmetic unit 532 decreases the EGR rate as the surplus fresh air ratio increases.
- a value for correction is output as an EGR rate correction amount.
- the arithmetic unit 532 corresponds to the third correction amount calculating means in the present invention.
- the EGR rate correction amount calculated by the arithmetic unit 532 is added to the target base EGR rate calculated by the arithmetic unit 534 to calculate the final target EGR rate. While the surplus fresh air ratio is 1 or less, the arithmetic unit 532 may output a value of 0 instead of an invalid value as the EGR rate correction amount.
- FIG. 9 is a time chart showing an image of a control result during acceleration by the ECU according to the present embodiment.
- the time chart of FIG. 9 is composed of a plurality of charts, but the contents shown in each chart are the figures except for the time change of the EGR rate of the seventh stage and the time change of the EGR opening of the ninth stage. This is the same as the case of time chart 5.
- the seventh chart in FIG. 9 shows the time change of the EGR rate.
- “EGRtb” is the target base EGR rate
- EGRt is the target EGR rate.
- the ninth chart in FIG. 9 shows the time change of the EGR opening.
- EGRv is the EGR opening degree.
- the target air-fuel ratio and the virtual air-fuel ratio are both maintained at the first air-fuel ratio that is the theoretical air-fuel ratio. Therefore, the target base EGR rate during this period is calculated using the theoretical air-fuel ratio which is a virtual air-fuel ratio. Further, the surplus fresh air ratio during this period is set to 1 in response to the target air-fuel ratio and the virtual air-fuel ratio being in agreement. If the surplus fresh air ratio is 1, the EGR rate correction amount is maintained at an invalid value. As a result, the target EGR rate during this period is maintained at the target base EGR rate corresponding to the theoretical air-fuel ratio.
- the virtual air-fuel ratio used for calculating the target base EGR rate is switched stepwise to the second air-fuel ratio that is a lean air-fuel ratio, so that the target base EGR rate at the time of switching Also, the value increases stepwise to a value corresponding to the second air-fuel ratio which is a lean air-fuel ratio.
- the surplus fresh air ratio during this period is set to a value larger than 1 in response to the difference between the target air-fuel ratio and the virtual air-fuel ratio.
- the EGR rate correction amount is set to a value (negative value) corresponding to the value of the surplus fresh air ratio.
- the target EGR rate during this period is a value obtained by adding the EGR rate correction amount (negative value) to the value of the target base EGR rate corresponding to the lean air-fuel ratio.
- the surplus fresh air ratio becomes the target air-fuel ratio and the virtual air-fuel ratio. Is again set to 1 in response to a match. If the surplus fresh air ratio is 1, the EGR rate correction amount is maintained at the invalid value again. As a result, the target EGR rate during this period is maintained at the value of the target base EGR rate corresponding to the lean air-fuel ratio.
- the EGR valve which is an actuator, operates based on the EGR opening.
- the actual EGR rate does not increase stepwise but increases with a delay from the target EGR rate.
- the actual EGR rate gradually converges to the target EGR rate, and eventually follows the target EGR rate.
- the target base EGR rate is corrected in a direction to decrease the actual EGR rate corresponding to the surplus fresh air rate. This effectively suppresses the situation where the actual EGR rate overshoots in the increasing direction and the combustion deteriorates.
- the air-fuel ratio is changed from the first air-fuel ratio which is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio while achieving a smooth increase in torque commensurate with the driver's acceleration request. It is possible to switch to the second air-fuel ratio that is a leaner air-fuel ratio with good response. Further, according to the logic employed in the present embodiment, the EGR rate is excessive when the air-fuel ratio is switched from the first air-fuel ratio, which is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, to the second air-fuel ratio, which is an air-fuel ratio that is leaner than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. Can be effectively suppressed.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the logic of the arithmetic unit 192 according to the present embodiment.
- the arithmetic unit 192 according to the present embodiment includes an arithmetic unit 540.
- the arithmetic unit 540 is provided in place of the arithmetic unit 502 according to the first embodiment.
- the arithmetic unit 540 is further composed of two arithmetic units 508 and 542. Of these, the arithmetic unit 508 is the same as that of the arithmetic unit according to the first embodiment, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the arithmetic unit 542 which is a difference from the first embodiment will be described.
- the arithmetic unit 542 is provided in place of the arithmetic unit 510 according to the first embodiment.
- the arithmetic unit 542 calculates an EGR opening degree for achieving the target EGR rate.
- a mathematical formula or a map obtained by modeling the response of the EGR rate to the operation of the EGR valve based on fluid dynamics or the like can be used. Since the EGR rate is affected by the engine speed, the air amount, and the air-fuel ratio, these are used as parameters in the calculation of the EGR opening. Regarding the air-fuel ratio, the target air-fuel ratio is used for calculating the EGR opening.
- the arithmetic unit 542 calculates the EGR opening required to achieve the target EGR rate under the target air-fuel ratio.
- the EGR opening is indicated as “EGRv”.
- the arithmetic unit 542 corresponds to the second operation amount calculation means in the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a time chart showing an image of a control result during acceleration by the ECU according to the present embodiment.
- the time chart of FIG. 11 is composed of a plurality of charts, but the contents shown in each chart are the same as those of the time chart of FIG. 5 except for the time change of the EGR opening degree of the ninth stage. .
- the ninth chart in FIG. 11 shows the time change of the EGR opening.
- EGRv is the EGR opening degree.
- the virtual air-fuel ratio used for calculating the target EGR rate is switched to the second air-fuel ratio stepwise, so that the target EGR rate is also the lean air-fuel ratio at the time of the switching. It increases stepwise to a value corresponding to two air-fuel ratios.
- the target EGR rate increases stepwise, the EGR opening also increases stepwise at the time of increase.
- the theoretical air fuel ratio which is the value of the target air fuel ratio during this period is used for calculation of the EGR opening during this time. That is, the EGR opening during this period is maintained at a value for achieving the target EGR rate corresponding to the lean air-fuel ratio under the theoretical air-fuel ratio.
- the target EGR rate continues to be the value of the virtual air-fuel ratio during this time.
- a value corresponding to a certain lean air-fuel ratio is maintained.
- the EGR opening during this period is calculated as a value corresponding to the lean air-fuel ratio in response to the target air-fuel ratio being switched from the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio to the lean air-fuel ratio. That is, the EGR opening during this period is maintained at a value for achieving the target EGR rate corresponding to the lean air-fuel ratio under the lean air-fuel ratio.
- the EGR valve which is an actuator, operates based on the EGR opening.
- the target EGR rate is calculated using the virtual air-fuel ratio, and the response delay of the actual EGR rate is suppressed.
- the operation with the second air-fuel ratio that is the lean air-fuel ratio has a higher fresh air rate in the exhaust gas than the operation with the first air-fuel ratio that is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.
- the virtual air-fuel ratio is used as a parameter when calculating the EGR opening
- the actual EGR rate is reduced while the virtual air-fuel ratio is the lean air-fuel ratio even though the target air-fuel ratio is the theoretical air-fuel ratio. It will increase beyond the target EGR rate.
- the target air-fuel ratio is used as an air-fuel ratio parameter when calculating the EGR opening, it is possible to achieve the target EGR rate under the actual air-fuel ratio.
- the EGR opening is calculated. As a result, a situation in which the actual EGR rate is excessive can be effectively prevented.
- the air-fuel ratio is changed from the first air-fuel ratio which is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio while achieving a smooth increase in torque commensurate with the driver's acceleration request. It is possible to switch to the second air-fuel ratio that is a leaner air-fuel ratio with good response. Further, according to the logic employed in the present embodiment, the EGR rate is excessive when the air-fuel ratio is switched from the first air-fuel ratio, which is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, to the second air-fuel ratio, which is an air-fuel ratio that is leaner than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. Can be effectively suppressed.
- the engine to be controlled in this embodiment is a spark ignition type four-cycle reciprocating engine and a supercharged lean burn engine equipped with a turbocharger.
- the actuator operated by the ECU that controls the operation of the engine includes a throttle gate, a VVT, an ignition device, an injector, and an EGR valve, as well as a waste gate valve (hereinafter referred to as WGV) provided in the turbocharger. It is.
- the WGV is a supercharging characteristic variable actuator that changes the supercharging characteristic of the turbocharger. Since the supercharging characteristic of the turbocharger changes the amount of air, WGV is included in the first actuator that changes the amount of air, like the throttle and VVT.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the logic of the ECU according to the present embodiment.
- the ECU includes an engine controller 100 and a powertrain manager 200.
- various functions included in the powertrain manager 200 are represented by blocks.
- the block which shows the function which is common with the thing of ECU which concerns on Embodiment 1 is attached
- the block indicating the engine controller 100 among various functions provided in the engine controller 100, functions related to the cooperative operation of the actuator are represented by blocks.
- it demonstrates centering on the block which shows the difference from Embodiment 1, ie, the function peculiar to control of a supercharged lean burn engine.
- the powertrain manager 200 includes an arithmetic unit 210 in addition to the arithmetic units 202, 204, 206, and 208 common to the first embodiment.
- the arithmetic unit 210 calculates the requested third torque and transmits it to the engine controller 100.
- the required third torque is described as “TQ3r”.
- the third torque is a torque required for the engine constantly or over a long period of time.
- the relationship between the third torque and the first torque is similar to the relationship between the first torque and the second torque. In other words, when viewed from the side of the first torque, the first torque is realized with a kind of torque that has higher urgency or priority than the third torque and requires high responsiveness of the engine, that is, earlier.
- the requested third torque is a requested value of the third torque that the powertrain manager 200 requests from the engine. If the three types of required torques calculated by the powertrain manager 200 are arranged in the order of urgency or priority, that is, in order of the responsiveness required for the engine, the required second torque, the required first torque, and the required third Torque order.
- the arithmetic unit 210 calculates the requested third torque based on a signal that responds to the opening of the accelerator pedal.
- the required third torque corresponds to the required torque in the present invention together with the required first torque.
- a request torque that is obtained by removing a pulse component in a temporary torque-down direction from the request first torque may be used as the request third torque.
- the engine controller 100 includes three large arithmetic units 120, 140, and 160, as in the first embodiment.
- the large arithmetic unit 120 includes an arithmetic unit 130 in addition to the arithmetic units 122, 124, 126, and 128 common to the first embodiment.
- the arithmetic unit 130 is classified as a third torque among the torques required to maintain the current engine operating state or to realize a predetermined operating state as a control parameter for the engine. Calculate the torque.
- the torque calculated by the arithmetic unit 130 is referred to as other third torque.
- the other third torque is indicated as “TQ3etc”.
- the arithmetic unit 130 outputs a valid value only when such torque is actually needed, and calculates an invalid value while such torque is not needed.
- the invalid value is set to a value larger than the maximum indicated torque that the engine can output.
- the large arithmetic unit 140 includes an arithmetic unit 148 in addition to the arithmetic units 142, 144, and 146 common to the first embodiment.
- the arithmetic unit 148 is configured to adjust the third torque.
- the requested third torque and the other third torque are input to the arithmetic unit 148.
- the arithmetic unit 148 arbitrates them and outputs the arbitrated torque as the finally determined target third torque.
- the finally determined target third torque is described as “TQ3t”.
- As an arbitration method in the arithmetic unit 148 minimum value selection is used. Therefore, when a valid value is not output from the arithmetic unit 130, the requested third torque given from the powertrain manager 200 is calculated as the target third torque.
- the large arithmetic unit 160 treats all of the target first torque, target second torque, and target third torque input from the large arithmetic unit 140 as target values of torque for the engine. Therefore, the large arithmetic unit 160 according to the present embodiment includes an arithmetic unit 182 instead of the arithmetic unit 162 according to the first embodiment, and includes an arithmetic unit 184 instead of the arithmetic unit 164 according to the first embodiment. .
- the calculation unit 182 receives the target first torque and the target third torque, and further inputs the target efficiency and the virtual air-fuel ratio.
- the arithmetic unit 182 corresponds to the target air amount calculation means in the present invention.
- the arithmetic unit 182 uses the same method as the arithmetic unit 162 according to the first embodiment to use the target efficiency and the virtual air-fuel ratio to achieve the target air amount (hereinafter referred to as target first air) for achieving the target first torque. Quantity) from the target first torque.
- the target first air amount is described as “KL1t”.
- the target first air amount is used for calculation of the target valve timing by the arithmetic unit 178.
- the calculation unit 182 uses the target efficiency and the virtual air-fuel ratio to achieve the target air amount (hereinafter, the target third air amount) for achieving the target third torque. ) Is calculated backward from the target third torque.
- the target third air amount is described as “KL3t”.
- the target efficiency and the virtual air-fuel ratio are used as parameters that give the conversion efficiency of the air amount into torque. If the value of the virtual air-fuel ratio is changed as in Embodiment 1 in the calculation of the target first air amount, the value of the virtual air-fuel ratio is similarly changed in the calculation of the target third air amount.
- the arithmetic unit 184 performs a reverse calculation of the target intake pipe pressure from the target first air amount by a method common to the arithmetic unit 164 according to the first embodiment.
- the target intake pipe pressure is indicated as “Pmt”.
- the target intake pipe pressure is used for calculation of the target throttle opening by the arithmetic unit 166.
- the arithmetic unit 184 calculates the target boost pressure from the target third air amount.
- the target boost pressure is indicated as “Pct”.
- the target third air amount is converted into the intake pipe pressure by the same method as that for calculating the target intake pipe pressure.
- the reserve pressure is added to the intake pipe pressure obtained by converting the target third air amount, and the total value is calculated as the target supercharging pressure.
- the reserve pressure is a minimum margin of the supercharging pressure with respect to the intake pipe pressure.
- the reserve pressure may be a fixed value, but may be changed in conjunction with the intake pipe pressure, for example.
- the large arithmetic unit 160 further includes an arithmetic unit 186.
- the arithmetic unit 186 calculates a target wastegate valve opening that is a target value of the wastegate valve opening based on the target boost pressure.
- the target wastegate valve opening is indicated as “WGV”.
- WGV the target wastegate valve opening
- a map or model that associates the boost pressure with the wastegate valve opening is used.
- the target wastegate valve opening calculated by the arithmetic unit 186 is converted into a signal for driving the WGV 10 and transmitted to the WGV 10 via the interface 115 of the ECU.
- the arithmetic unit 186 also corresponds to the first actuator control means in the present invention. Note that the operation amount of the WGV 10 may be the duty ratio of the solenoid that drives the WGV 10 instead of the waste gate valve opening.
- ⁇ A parameter corresponding to the ignition timing can also be used as a parameter used for calculating the target air amount. Since the torque generated at the same air amount decreases as the ignition timing is retarded from the optimal ignition timing, the parameter corresponding to the ignition timing corresponds to a parameter that gives the conversion efficiency of the air amount into torque.
- a torque-air amount conversion map used for calculating the target air amount may be prepared for each ignition timing, and the ignition timing value used for searching the map may be changed in response to switching of the operation mode. Specifically, at the time of deceleration when the required first torque is decreasing, while the required first torque is larger than the reference value, the ignition timing used for searching the map is set to the optimum ignition timing, and the required torque is reduced to the reference value or less. In response to this, the ignition timing used for searching the map is retarded from the optimal ignition timing. In this case, the air-fuel ratio used for searching the map is the target air-fuel ratio.
- variable lift mechanism that makes the lift amount of the intake valve variable can also be used.
- the variable lift mechanism can be used in combination with other first actuators such as a throttle and VVT.
- a variable nozzle can also be used as the first actuator that changes the supercharging characteristics of the turbocharger. Further, if the turbocharger is assisted by an electric motor, the electric motor can be used as the third actuator.
- the injector as the second actuator is not limited to the port injector.
- An in-cylinder injector that directly injects fuel into the combustion chamber may be used, or both a port injector and an in-cylinder injector may be used in combination.
- the first air / fuel ratio is not limited to the stoichiometric air / fuel ratio. It is also possible to set the air-fuel ratio leaner than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio to the first air-fuel ratio and set the air-fuel ratio leaner than the first air-fuel ratio to the second air-fuel ratio.
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Abstract
Description
。
以下、本発明の実施の形態1について図を参照して説明する。
次に、本発明の実施の形態2について図を参照して説明する。
次に、本発明の実施の形態3について図を参照して説明する。
次に、本発明の実施の形態4について図を参照して説明する。
次に、本発明の実施の形態5について図を参照して説明する。
本発明は上述の実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変形して実施することができる。例えば、以下のような変形例を採用してもよい。
4 インジェクタ
6 点火装置
8 可変バルブタイミング機構
10 ウエストゲートバルブ
12 EGRバルブ
100 エンジンコントローラ
105 要求トルク受信手段としてのインタフェース
200 パワートレインマネージャ
162;182 目標空気量算出手段としての演算ユニット
164、166;178 第1アクチュエータ制御手段としての演算ユニット
174、176 第2アクチュエータ制御手段としての演算ユニット
168、170、172 第3アクチュエータ制御手段としての演算ユニット
192 第4アクチュエータ制御手段としての演算ユニット
404 仮想空燃比変更手段としての演算ユニット
406 目標空燃比切替手段としての演算ユニット
504 パラメータ値算出手段としての演算ユニット
506 第1補正量算出手段としての演算ユニット
508;534 目標EGR率算出手段としての演算ユニット
510 第1ベース操作量算出手段としての演算ユニット
522 第2補正量算出手段としての演算ユニット
524 第2ベース操作量算出手段としての演算ユニット
532 第3補正量算出手段としての演算ユニット
536 第1操作量算出手段としての演算ユニット
542 第2操作量算出手段としての演算ユニット
Claims (7)
- EGR率を調整するEGRバルブを有し、理論空燃比近傍の第1空燃比による第1運転と、前記第1空燃比よりもリーンな第2空燃比による第2運転とを選択可能に構成され、前記第1運転時は前記第1空燃比を用いて算出された目標第1空気量を目標空気量として吸入空気量が制御され、前記第2運転時は前記第2空燃比を用いて算出された目標第2空気量を目標空気量として吸入空気量が制御される内燃機関の制御装置において、
前記第1運転時は、前記EGRバルブの開度を第1開度に制御し、
前記第2運転時は、前記EGRバルブの開度を前記第1開度よりも大きい第2開度に制御し、
前記第1運転から前記第2運転への切り替え期間であって、目標空気量が前記目標第2空気量となってから実空気量が前記目標第2空気量となるまでの期間は、空燃比を前記第1空燃比に制御し、点火時期を遅角し、そして前記EGRバルブの開度を前記第1開度よりも大きく且つ前記第2開度よりも小さい第3開度に制御する内燃機関の制御装置。 - 排気に含まれる未燃の空気の割合を新気率とし、
前記内燃機関が前記第1空燃比で運転されたときの前記新気率に対する前記内燃機関が前記第2空燃比で運転されたときの前記新気率の割合が大きいほど、前記第2開度と前記第3開度との差が大きくなるように制御する請求項1に記載の内燃機関の制御装置。 - 筒内に吸入される空気の量を変化させる第1アクチュエータと、筒内に燃料を供給する第2アクチュエータと、筒内の混合気に点火する第3アクチュエータと、EGR率を調整する第4アクチュエータとを有し、第1空燃比による運転と前記第1空燃比よりもリーンな第2空燃比による運転とを選択可能に構成された内燃機関の制御装置において、
要求トルクを受信する要求トルク受信手段と、
空気量のトルクへの変換効率を与えるパラメータである仮想空燃比を用いて前記要求トルクを達成するための目標空気量を前記要求トルクから逆算する目標空気量算出手段と、
前記要求トルクの基準値以上への増大に応答して前記仮想空燃比を前記第1空燃比から前記第2空燃比へ切り替える仮想空燃比変更手段と、
前記仮想空燃比が前記第1空燃比から前記第2空燃比へ変更された後、目標空燃比を前記第1空燃比から前記第2空燃比へ切り替える目標空燃比切替手段と、
前記目標空気量に基づいて前記第1アクチュエータの操作量を決定し、前記操作量に従って前記第1アクチュエータを操作する第1アクチュエータ制御手段と、
前記目標空燃比に基づいて燃料供給量を決定し、前記燃料供給量に従って前記第2アクチュエータを操作する第2アクチュエータ制御手段と、
前記第1アクチュエータの操作量と前記目標空燃比とから推定されるトルクと前記要求トルクとに基づいて前記要求トルクを達成するための点火時期を決定し、前記点火時期に従って前記第3アクチュエータを操作する第3アクチュエータ制御手段と、
前記仮想空燃比と前記目標空燃比とに基づいて前記第4アクチュエータの操作量を決定し、前記操作量に従って前記第4アクチュエータを操作する第4アクチュエータ制御手段と、を備え、
前記第4アクチュエータ制御手段は、
前記仮想空燃比を用いて目標EGR率を算出する目標EGR率算出手段と、
排気中に含まれる未燃の空気の割合である新気率に対応するパラメータの値を用いて、前記目標EGR率を達成するための前記第4アクチュエータの操作量を決定する手段と、
を含むことを特徴とする内燃機関の制御装置。 - 前記第4アクチュエータ制御手段は、
前記目標空燃比の排気中の新気率に対する前記仮想空燃比の排気中の新気率の割合である余剰新気割合を前記新気率に対応するパラメータの値として算出するパラメータ値算出手段と、
前記仮想空燃比による燃焼のもとで前記目標EGR率を達成するための前記第4アクチュエータの操作量を第1ベース操作量として算出する第1ベース操作量算出手段と、
前記余剰新気割合が大きいほどEGR率を下げる方向へ変化させるための前記第4アクチュエータの操作補正量を第1補正量として算出する第1補正量算出手段と、
前記第1ベース操作量に前記第1補正量を反映させた値を前記第4アクチュエータの操作量として決定する手段と、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項3記載の内燃機関の制御装置。 - 前記新気率に対応するパラメータの値は前記目標空燃比の値を含み、
前記第4アクチュエータ制御手段は、
理論空燃比による燃焼のもとで前記目標EGR率を達成するための前記第4アクチュエータの操作量を第2ベース操作量として算出する第2ベース操作量算出手段と、
前記目標空燃比がリーンであるほどEGR率を上げる方向へ変化させるための前記第4アクチュエータの操作補正量を第2補正量として算出する第2補正量算出手段と、
前記第2ベース操作量に前記第2補正量を反映させた値を前記第4アクチュエータの操作量として決定する手段と、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項3記載の内燃機関の制御装置。 - 前記第4アクチュエータ制御手段は、
前記目標空燃比の排気中の新気率に対する前記仮想空燃比の排気中の新気率の割合である余剰新気割合を前記新気率に対応するパラメータの値として算出するパラメータ値算出手段と、
前記余剰新気割合が大きいほどEGR率を下げる方向へ変化させるための前記目標EGR率の補正量を第3補正量として算出する第3補正量算出手段と、
前記第3補正量を用いて前記目標EGR率を補正し、前記仮想空燃比のもとで補正後の前記目標EGR率を達成するための前記第4アクチュエータの操作量を算出する第1操作量算出手段と、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項3記載の内燃機関の制御装置。 - 前記新気率に対応するパラメータの値は前記目標空燃比の値を含み、
前記第4アクチュエータ制御手段は、
前記目標空燃比のもとで前記目標EGR率を達成するための前記第4アクチュエータの操作量を算出する第2操作量算出手段と、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項3記載の内燃機関の制御装置。
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JP2015526047A JP5983882B2 (ja) | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
DE112013007227.0T DE112013007227B4 (de) | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | Steuerungsverfahren für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine |
US14/903,385 US20160153373A1 (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | Controlling device for internal combustion engine |
PCT/JP2013/068765 WO2015004734A1 (ja) | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
CN201380078119.4A CN105378249A (zh) | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | 内燃机的控制装置 |
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JP (1) | JP5983882B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105378249A (ja) |
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US9879624B2 (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2018-01-30 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Controlling device for internal combustion engine |
US9650979B2 (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2017-05-16 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Control device for internal combustion engine |
US20160123250A1 (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2016-05-05 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Device for controlling internal combustion engine |
US10094307B2 (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2018-10-09 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Controlling device for internal combustion engine equipped with turbocharger |
BR102016012054B1 (pt) * | 2015-05-27 | 2022-10-25 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Sistema de controle para motor |
JP6647160B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-05 | 2020-02-14 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 車両の制御装置 |
JP6923005B2 (ja) * | 2018-01-23 | 2021-08-18 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御方法及び内燃機関の制御装置 |
JP6935775B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-15 | 2021-09-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | プラント制御装置 |
DE102018122963A1 (de) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-19 | Keyou GmbH | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine, insbesondere eines Gasmotors |
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WO2021154531A1 (en) * | 2020-01-31 | 2021-08-05 | Cummins Inc. | Apparatuses, methods, systems, and techniques for improving the accuracy of internal combustion engine torque determinations |
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US20160153373A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
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JPWO2015004734A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
DE112013007227T5 (de) | 2016-04-28 |
CN105378249A (zh) | 2016-03-02 |
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