WO2014204233A1 - 적층체 및 이를 포함하는 박막형 태양전지 - Google Patents
적층체 및 이를 포함하는 박막형 태양전지 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014204233A1 WO2014204233A1 PCT/KR2014/005419 KR2014005419W WO2014204233A1 WO 2014204233 A1 WO2014204233 A1 WO 2014204233A1 KR 2014005419 W KR2014005419 W KR 2014005419W WO 2014204233 A1 WO2014204233 A1 WO 2014204233A1
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- laminate
- polyimide
- alkali metal
- solar cell
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/281—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyimides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/10—Semiconductor bodies
- H10F77/16—Material structures, e.g. crystalline structures, film structures or crystal plane orientations
- H10F77/169—Thin semiconductor films on metallic or insulating substrates
- H10F77/1694—Thin semiconductor films on metallic or insulating substrates the films including Group I-III-VI materials, e.g. CIS or CIGS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/541—CuInSe2 material PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laminate and a thin film solar cell including the same. More specifically, a thin film solar cell having a high temperature process of 550 ° C. or more, and having excellent durability and excellent barrier properties with improved energy conversion efficiency is provided. It relates to a polyimide laminate capable of producing and a thin film solar cell comprising the same.
- Thin-film solar cells using compound semiconductors such as copper indium selenium (CIS) or copper indium gallium selenium (CIGS) as light absorption layers have several hundred nanometers of light absorption layers with excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency characteristics. It can be formed into a thin film on the order of several micrometers and can significantly reduce the amount of material used as compared with the conventional solar cell, attracting attention from the viewpoint of reducing the cost of the solar cell.
- compound semiconductors such as copper indium selenium (CIS) or copper indium gallium selenium (CIGS)
- Thin film solar cells generally have a structure in which a metal electrode, a light absorption layer, and a transparent electrode are sequentially stacked on a substrate.
- Soda-lime glass is mainly used as a substrate of the conventional thin film solar cell, but recently, as the demand for flexibility for the thin film solar cell increases, a flexible film is used as the substrate.
- the thin film solar cell using the flexible film as the substrate has a wider application range than the thin film solar cell using the conventional glass substrate due to its flexibility and light weight, and the production of the solar cell by the roll-to-roll method with excellent mass productivity. There is an advantage that it is possible.
- polyimide has been actively researched and developed as a flexible film forming material. Since polyimide is excellent in mechanical properties, heat resistance, chemical resistance, electrical insulation, and the like, it is widely used in various electronic devices and optical waveguide films such as interlayer insulating films, buffer coats, flexible printed circuit boards, and liquid crystal alignment films for semiconductors. It is possible.
- the energy conversion efficiency is lower than that of thin film solar cells using glass substrates, and heat treatment at a high temperature of 450 ° C. or higher is essential to prevent defect generation in the light absorbing layer. Since it is about 450 degreeC, further heating is difficult. If a thin film solar cell using a polyimide substrate is subjected to a heat treatment at a high temperature of 500 ° C. or higher, there is a problem that the polyimide substrate is bent or the mechanical properties are significantly degraded. This is easy to occur.
- the method of using the metal base layer as a thin film type solar cell substrate has the advantage that the high temperature process of 500 ° C. or higher can be performed during the manufacture of the solar cell, and thus the occurrence of defects in the light absorption layer can be suppressed.
- the roughness is large, the energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell is lowered due to impurities remaining in the metal, the monolithic process is difficult to perform, and a barrier film forming process is required.
- An object of the present invention is to produce a thin film solar cell and a method for manufacturing the thin film solar cell capable of manufacturing a thin film solar cell having a high temperature process of 550 °C or more, excellent durability and barrier properties and improved energy conversion efficiency with flexibility. To provide.
- the laminate according to an aspect of the present invention has a structure including a polyimide layer and an alkali metal-doped layer located on one surface of the polyimide layer.
- the laminate further includes a metal substrate layer, and the polyimide layer may be located on one surface of the metal substrate layer.
- the metal base layer may include copper, aluminum, titanium, nickel, or sus (SUS).
- the metal base layer may have a thickness of 100 nm to 100 ⁇ m.
- the alkali metal may be selected from lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium or cesium.
- the alkali metal may be doped with 0.01 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the polyimide film layer.
- the polyimide may be prepared by imidizing a polyamic acid produced by polymerization of tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamine.
- the polyimide film layer may be one having a thickness of 1 to 60 ⁇ m.
- the laminate may have a thermal expansion coefficient of 15 ppm / ° C or less in a temperature range of 100 to 500 ° C.
- the laminate may have a glass transition temperature of 550 °C or more.
- the laminate may further include a metal electrode layer positioned on the polyimide film layer.
- the laminate including the metal electrode layer may have a glass transition temperature of 600 ° C. or higher.
- a method of manufacturing a laminate comprising forming a coating layer comprising an alkali metal source on one surface of the polyimide layer and then performing heat treatment to form an alkali metal doping layer.
- the polyimide layer may be formed on one surface of the metal substrate layer.
- a polyimide varnish comprising a polyamic acid prepared by polymerizing a tetracarboxylic dianhydride and a diamine is cast on one surface of a metal base layer and then subjected to imidization, or the polyimide varnish It may be carried out by laminating a polyimide film prepared by imidizing to a metal base layer.
- the alkali metal source may be an alkali metal selected from lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium or cesium or a compound comprising the same.
- the heat treatment may be performed by a soft bake process proceeding at 80 to 150 °C and a hard bake process proceeding at 150 to 500 °C.
- the coating layer including the alkali metal source may be formed by coating with an alkali metal doping liquid containing an alkali metal source and a glycol-based organic solvent.
- the alkali metal doping liquid may further include at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), butyl acetate, ethyl lactate and butyl lactate.
- PGMEA propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- ethyl lactate ethyl lactate
- the method may further comprise forming a metal electrode layer on the alkali metal doped layer.
- a thin film solar cell including the laminate described above.
- the thin film solar cell includes a metal substrate layer; A polyimide layer located on one surface of the metal substrate layer;
- the metal electrode layer may include molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), gold (Au), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), or copper (Cu).
- the metal electrode layer may have a thickness of 100 nm to 1 ⁇ m.
- the compound semiconductor may have a crystal structure arranged in the (200) priority direction.
- the laminate according to the present invention is capable of a high temperature process of 550 °C or more, excellent durability and barrier properties, it is possible to manufacture a thin-film solar cell having an improved energy conversion efficiency with excellent flexibility,
- the thin film solar cell when the thin film solar cell is manufactured using the laminate, a high temperature process at 550 ° C. or higher is possible, a barrier film forming step is unnecessary, and a thin film solar cell can be manufactured by a monolithic manufacturing process.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural view schematically showing the structure of a thin film solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- thermomechanical analysis (TMA) on the laminate prepared in Example 1 and the polyimide film of Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of thermomechanical analysis (TMA) on the laminate prepared in Example 1 and the polyimide film of Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing TMA results of the laminate prepared in Step 1 of Example 2, the polyimide film of Comparative Example 1, and the laminate of polyimide film-molybdenum metal electrode layer of Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 4 is a photograph observing the thin film solar cell manufactured in Example 2.
- FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional photograph of a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) observing a cross section of a thin film solar cell manufactured in Example 2
- FIG. 5B is a FE-SEM photograph of a surface of a top layer of the thin film solar cell. to be.
- FE-SEM field emission scanning electron microscope
- FIG. 6A is a FE-SEM cross-sectional photograph of the thin film solar cell manufactured in Comparative Example 3
- FIG. 6B is a FE-SEM photograph of the top layer of the thin film solar cell.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of evaluating the current-voltage characteristics of the thin film solar cell manufactured in Example 2.
- FIG. 9 is a view showing a result of analyzing an area where an alkali metal doping layer is formed by applying an alkali metal doping liquid and performing a hard bake in Example 1 using SEM / EDX.
- 10 to 12 are images observed by OM (Optical Microscope) after Mo and polyimide layer formation and laser irradiation by Mo layer deposition during the manufacturing process of Examples 2, 3 and Comparative Example 2, respectively.
- OM Optical Microscope
- the present invention provides a laminate in which the alkali metal comprises a polyimide layer having a doping layer.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing a laminate comprising the step of forming a polyimide layer, and forming an alkali metal doped layer by forming a coating layer comprising an alkali metal source on the polyimide layer and heat treatment. do.
- the present invention also provides a thin film solar cell comprising the laminate.
- a laminate having an alkali metal doped layer formed on one surface of a polyimide layer and a polyimide layer.
- a soda-lime substrate including an alkali metal component is used as a source of an alkali metal capable of promoting crystal growth of a compound semiconductor included in a light absorption layer, or a substrate.
- an alkali component is included in the metal electrode or a separate alkali metal supply layer is formed between the metal electrode layer and the light absorption layer.
- the alkali metal is doped into the polyimide, so that an alkali metal supply layer is unnecessary, and the alkali metal component doped into the polyimide during the high temperature heat treatment for forming the light absorbing layer is easily used as the light absorbing layer. Can be diffused.
- the diffused alkali metal promotes crystal grain growth and crystal orientation alignment of the compound semiconductor in the light absorbing layer, densifying the structure of the light absorbing layer, reducing carrier depletion around the grain boundary, and reducing the voltage in the light absorbing layer and reducing the voltage.
- the introduction method of the alkali metal by the doping in the polyimide film layer can easily control the amount of the alkali metal diffused into the light absorption layer by adjusting the amount of the alkali metal to be doped.
- the alkali metal doped with the polyimide may be lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, or the like, and among these, sodium or potassium may be more preferable in consideration of crystallinity and activation as impurities in the light absorbing layer.
- the alkali metal doped to the polyimide has a small amount of alkali metal diffused into the light absorbing layer when the doping amount is too small, the effect of improving the energy conversion efficiency is insignificant, while when the doping amount of the alkali metal is too large it acts as an impurity to improve the battery performance Can be reduced. Accordingly, the alkali metal doped into the polyimide may be included in an amount of 0.01 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the polyimide film.
- the polyimide doped with alkali metal may be used without particular limitation as long as it is used as a flexible substrate in a thin film solar cell. Specifically, it may be one produced by imidization after the polymerization reaction of tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamine.
- the alkali metal-doped polyimide film layer may have a thickness of 1 to 60 ⁇ m, or 10 to 30 ⁇ m.
- the alkali metal doped layer has a thickness of 10 to 500 nm, or 50 to 300 nm, or 100 to 200 nm.
- a polyimide metal laminate comprising a metal substrate layer, a polyimide layer located on one surface of the metal substrate layer, and an alkali metal doping layer formed thereon.
- the metal base layer is located on the back side of the polyimide film layer, which is a flexible film, and serves as a barrier to the polyimide film layer.
- the metal base layer may specifically be a metal foil substrate.
- the metal foil substrate may use a copper, aluminum, titanium, nickel or sus substrate.
- the metal base layer may have a thickness of 100nm to 100 ⁇ m in order to exhibit a barrier effect on the polyimide film layer.
- the polyimide metal laminate having a multilayer structure in which the metal base layer, the polyimide layer, and the alkali metal doping layer are sequentially laminated has a metal base on the back of the polyimide film layer having a high temperature process at 450 ° C or higher.
- the substrate may have a thermal expansion coefficient of 15 ppm / ° C. or less in a temperature range of 100 to 550 ° C., and a glass transition temperature of 550 ° C. or more, preferably 600 ° C. or more. Accordingly, a high temperature process of 550 ° C.
- the laminate is doped with an alkali metal in the polyimide film layer, it is easy to diffuse the alkali metal into the light absorbing layer and can easily control the diffusion amount, thereby maximizing the effect of increasing the energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell. Can be.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing the above laminate.
- the polyimide metal laminate is a polyimide film having an alkali metal doped layer by forming a polyimide layer (step 1), and forming a coating layer including an alkali metal source on the polyimide layer and then performing heat treatment. Forming a layer (step 2).
- Step 1 is a step of forming a polyimide layer on one surface of the substrate layer, preferably a metal substrate layer.
- the polyimide layer casts a polyimide varnish containing a polyimide precursor and an organic solvent on the metal substrate layer and then imidizes the polyimide layer to directly form a polyimide layer, or separately prepares a polyimide film and then a metal substrate layer It can be formed by a method of laminating.
- the polyimide varnish includes a polyimide precursor and an organic solvent, and may further include an imidization catalyst as necessary.
- the polyimide precursor is a polyamic acid, and may be prepared by polymerizing tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamine according to a conventional polyamic acid polymerization method such as solution polymerization. Specifically, tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamine are polymerized in an organic solvent such as N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), or the like. Can be prepared.
- an organic solvent such as N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), or the like.
- tetracarboxylic dianhydrides usable in the preparation of the above polyimide precursors are tetracarboxylic dianhydrides containing aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic tetravalent organic groups, specifically butanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, pentane Tetracarboxylic Dion Hydride, Hexane Tetracarboxylic Dion Hydride, Cyclopentane Tetracarboxylic Dion Hydride, Bicyclopentane Tetracarboxylic Dion Hydride, Cyclopropane Tetracarboxylic Dion Hydride, Methylcyclo Hexanetetracarboxylic Dione Hydride, 3,3 ', 4,4'-Benzophenonetetracarboxylic Dione Hydride, 3,4,9,10-Perylene Tetracarboxylic Dione Hydride, 4,4 '-Sulfonyldiphthalic dihydride, 3,3', 4,4'-biphenyl
- the diamine usable in the preparation of the polyimide precursor is a compound including two amino groups bonded to the organic group together with an aromatic, aliphatic or alicyclic divalent organic group, specifically 2,2'-bis (tri Fluoromethyl) -4,4'-diaminobiphenyl, m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, m-xylylenediamine, p-xylylenediamine, 1,5-diaminonaphthalene , 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine, 4,4'- (or 3,4'-, 3,3'-, 2,4'- or 2,2'-) diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4 '-(Or 3,4'-, 3,3'-, 2,4'- or 2,2'-) diaminodiphenylether, 4,4'- (or 3,4'-, 3,3 '-, 2,4'- or 2,2'-) diaminodiphenylsulf
- Preferred tetracarboxylic dianhydrides in the present invention include biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3 ', 4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,4,9,10 -Perylene tetracarboxylic dione hydride, 4,4'- oxydiphthalic dihydride, etc. are mentioned, As diamine, m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, m- zy Examples are rylenediamine, 5-diaminonaphthalene, 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine.
- the polymerization reaction of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamine may be carried out in anhydrous conditions, it may be carried out in a temperature range of 25 to 50 °C.
- the molecular weight of the polyimide precursor to be prepared can be controlled by controlling the reaction ratio of tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamine used in the polymerization reaction.
- diamine is used with respect to 1 mole of tetracarboxylic dianhydride in terms of producing a polyimide that satisfies physical properties such as light transmittance, thermal expansion coefficient, and glass transition temperature required for a flexible substrate of a thin film solar cell. It may be desirable to use in a molar ratio of 0.8 to 1.2 or 0.9 to 1.1.
- organic solvent included in the polyimide varnish may be the same as the solvent for the polymerization reaction in the preparation of the polyimide precursor.
- the imidation catalyst optionally included in the polyimide varnish is specifically 1,2-dimethylimidazole, N-methylimidazole, N-benzyl-2-methylimidazole, 2-methylimidazole Imidazoles such as 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, N-benzyl-2-methylimidazole, or 5-methylbenzimidazole; Quinoline series such as isoquinoline; Or a pyridine-based compound such as 3,5-dimethylpyridine, 3,4-dimethylpyridine, 2,5-dimethylpyridine, 2,4-dimethylpyridine, or 4-n-propylpyridine.
- the imidization catalyst may be included in a catalytic amount in the polyimide varnish.
- a drying process for removing the organic solvent in the polyimide varnish may be carried out.
- the drying process may be preferably carried out at a temperature of 140 °C or less.
- the polyimide film can be manufactured by carrying out the imidation process with respect to the polyimide varnish which exists in a film form on a metal substrate layer after completion of the said casting process.
- the imidation treatment may be carried out according to an imidization method for producing a conventional polyimide, such as chemical imidization or thermal imidization.
- the heat imidation treatment can be performed by heat-processing the polyimide varnish on a film at the temperature of 80-350 degreeC.
- a tetracarboxylic dianhydride and a diamine are reacted in a solvent to prepare a polyimide varnish containing a polyamic acid, which is a polyimide precursor, and a solvent, and applying the same to a release film.
- the polyimide film may be prepared by imidation treatment, and the polyimide film may be separated from the release film and laminated on the metal substrate layer.
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride, diamine and solvent usable in forming the polyimide film layer by the laminating method are the same as described above, and the release film usable in forming the polyimide film is superior to the polyimide film. If it has peelability and is normally used as a release film at the time of formation of a polyimide film, it can use without a restriction
- the coating process may be carried out according to a conventional coating method, specifically, spin coating method, bar coating method, roll coating method, air-knife method, gravure method, reverse roll method, kiss roll method, doctor blade method, spray method , Casting, dipping or brushing may be used.
- the imidation treatment step is the same as described above.
- the transfer of the metal base layer to the side of the surface where the release film is not formed in the polyimide film prepared above is performed. It may also be laminated to the metal substrate layer through a transfer process.
- Step 2 is a step of forming an alkali metal doped layer by forming a coating layer including an alkali metal source on the polyimide film layer prepared in Step 1 and then heat treatment.
- the composition for alkali metal doping including an alkali metal source and a solvent, may be formed by applying a heat treatment on the polyimide film and then applying it.
- the alkali metal raw material is a material capable of providing an alkali metal, specifically, an alkali metal or an oxide, chloride, hydroxide, carbonate, hydride, silicide or other salt containing the same. And the like.
- the alkali metal may be lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, or the like, and sodium may be more preferable in consideration of crystallinity of the light absorption layer and activation as impurities.
- raw materials containing sodium as an alkali metal include sodium (Na), sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium carbonate (NaCO 3 ) sodium borohydride (NaBH). 4 ), at least one sodium-containing compound selected from the group consisting of sodium nitrite (NaNO 2 ), sodium nitrate (NaNO 3 ), and of course, various sodium-containing compounds may be used.
- the SiOx film derived from the silicate can be formed on a board
- the efficiency of the alkali metal diffusion can be improved.
- a SiO x film may be formed on the substrate due to the heat treatment for the silicate in the alkali metal source containing layer.
- a CIS solar cell manufacturing process includes a patterning process through laser irradiation, not a photolithography process.
- damage to a substrate during laser irradiation can be reduced, and other CIS solar cells Damage to each layer, such as an Mo-containing back electrode layer or a CIS-containing layer, can be reduced.
- the insulating property, or chemical and physical resistance may be further improved by forming the SiO x film.
- the improvement of these properties and the protective effect of the substrate can be more greatly at the time of manufacturing a solar cell having a flexible substrate.
- any solvent can be used as long as it can dissolve the alkali metal source, and specifically, alcohols such as ethanol, water (H 2 O), amines, glycols such as propylene glycol Solvents or other polar solvents can be used.
- alcohols such as ethanol, water (H 2 O), amines, glycols such as propylene glycol Solvents or other polar solvents can be used.
- the composition for alkali metal doping in one embodiment includes a glycol-based organic solvent with the alkali metal source described above.
- the doping liquid composition includes an organic solvent other than an aqueous solvent such as water
- the doping liquid composition may exhibit excellent wettability against an organic resin substrate such as a glass substrate or a polyimide substrate, and may be uniformly coated on the substrate. Therefore, the alkali metal doping composition may be applied onto a substrate by a general method of applying a liquid composition, such as spin coating, to uniformly apply and form an alkali metal source-containing layer. It is possible to manufacture a solar cell having more uniform and excellent efficiency by diffusing with a doping and a CIS containing layer.
- an alkali metal source can be melt
- alkali metal sources cannot be dissolved well.
- glycol solvent one or more selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, butylene glycol, 2,3-dibutylene glycol, and glycerol may be used. It goes without saying that two or more kinds of mixed solvents may be used. However, the propylene glycol may be used more appropriately in consideration of excellent solubility in the alkali metal source.
- the above-described composition for alkali metal doping further comprises at least one additional solvent selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), butyl acetate, ethyl lactate and butyl lactate in addition to the above-described glycol solvent. It may include. By using such an additional solvent, the coating property of the alkali metal doping composition may be further improved.
- PMEA propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- butyl acetate butyl acetate
- ethyl lactate ethyl lactate
- butyl lactate butyl lactate
- the alkali metal source may be included in the alkali metal doping composition in an amount in consideration of the doping amount of the alkali metal doped in the polyimide film layer.
- the alkali metal doping composition may contain about 0.1 to 10% by weight, or about 0.1 to 5% by weight, or about 0.1, in view of proper alkali metal diffusion and formation of a uniform and good alkali metal source containing layer. To 3% by weight and about 90 to 99.9% by weight, or about 95 to 99.9% by weight, or about 97 to 99.9% by weight of a glycol-based organic solvent.
- the alkali metal doping composition is about 0.1 to 10% by weight, or about 0.1 to 5% by weight, or about 0.1 to 3 weight percent, about 35 to 65 weight percent of glycol-based organic solvent, or about 45 to 60 weight percent, or about 47 to 55 weight percent, and 30 to 60 weight percent of the additional solvent, or about 37 to 54 weight percent, Or about 40 to 52 weight percent.
- the content range of each component is not limited to the above-described range, and may be adjusted to an appropriate range in consideration of the diffusion degree of an appropriate alkali metal, etc. according to the type of solar cell.
- the alkali metal doping composition of the embodiment described above it is possible to more easily form the alkali metal source-containing layer on the substrate through a non-vacuum process of applying a liquid composition, such as spin coating.
- a liquid composition such as spin coating.
- the coating process of the alkali metal doping composition may be carried out using the same methods as described above.
- the CIS solar cell After the formation thereof, as the CIS solar cell is manufactured by a conventional process, a solar cell having more excellent efficiency can be easily provided.
- the degree of diffusion of the alkali metal can also be easily controlled, and can be preferably applied to the production of a CIS solar cell having a flexible substrate recently required.
- CIS-based solar cells that can be applied to the above-described composition for alkali metal doping in the process, such as CIS solar cells, CGS solar cells or CIGS solar cells, such as any of those known to be generally in the category of CIS-based thin film solar cells A battery is mentioned.
- the heat treatment process after the application of the alkali metal doping composition may be carried out at a temperature such that only the alkali metal component remains while removing the solvent contained in the alkali metal doping composition.
- the heat treatment process may be performed by, for example, a soft bake process proceeding at about 80 to 150 ° C. and a hard bake process proceeding at about 150 to 500 ° C.
- a soft bake process proceeding at about 80 to 150 ° C.
- a hard bake process proceeding at about 150 to 500 ° C.
- the present invention also provides a thin-film solar cell comprising a laminate manufactured according to the above-described manufacturing method.
- FIG. 1 is a structural diagram schematically showing the structure of a thin film solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is only an example for describing the present invention and the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the thin film solar cell 100 has a structure including a laminate 10a having a polyimide film layer 12 and an alkali metal doped layer 13.
- the solar cell 100 is a metal substrate layer (11); A polyimide film layer 12 positioned on one surface of the metal substrate layer 11; Alkali metal doped layer 13; It may have a structure including a laminate (10b) comprising a.
- the laminate may have a configuration 10c in which the metal electrode layer 20 is further formed.
- the thin film solar cell 100 includes a metal base layer 11; A polyimide film layer 12 positioned on one surface of the metal substrate layer 11; Alkali metal doped layer 13; A metal electrode layer 20 positioned on the alkali metal doping layer 13; The light absorbing layer 30 positioned on the metal electrode layer 20, including the compound semiconductor, and the transparent electrode layer 40 disposed on the light absorbing layer 30 may be included.
- the metal electrode layer 20 serves as a metal electrode (or a back electrode) in a thin film solar cell, and may be used without particular limitation as long as the metal is used as a metal electrode in a thin film solar cell.
- the metal electrode layer 20 may include molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), gold (Au), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), or the like.
- Mo molybdenum
- Al aluminum
- silver Ag
- gold Au
- Ni nickel
- Cu copper
- molybdenum having high electrical conductivity and having excellent high temperature stability under Se atmosphere and ohmic contact with the light absorbing layer may be preferable.
- the metal electrode layer 20 may have a thickness of 100nm to 1 ⁇ m.
- the light absorption layer 30 includes a compound semiconductor, absorbs sunlight passing through the transparent electrode layer 40 to form electron-hole pairs, and transfers electrons and holes to different electrodes to generate current. Do it.
- the compound semiconductor is a compound of Group IB (Group 11) element-Group IIIA (Group 13) element-VIA (Group 16) element Semiconductor, compound of Group IIB (Group 12) element-VIA (Group 16) element It may be selected from the group consisting of a semiconductor and a compound semiconductor of Group IIB (Group 12) element-Group VA (Group 15) element, wherein the Group IB element may be copper (Cu), the Group IIB element It may be cadmium (Cd), the group IIIA element may be aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga) or indium (In), the group VIA element is sulfur (S), selenium (Se) or tellurium (Te) ), And the Group VA element may be phosphorus (P).
- the compound semiconductor is CuInS 2 , CuInSe 2 , CuIn (Se 1-x S x ) 2 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Cu (In 1-y Ga y ) S 2 (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1) , Cu (In 1-y Ga y ) Se 2 (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1), Cu (In 1-y Ga y ) S 2 (Se 1-x S x ) 2 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1,0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1), CuGaS 2 , CuGaSe 2 , CuGa (Se 1-x S x ) 2 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), CdTe and Zn 3 P 2 , and among these CuInSe 2 , Cu More preferably, it is selected from the group consisting of (In 1-y Ga y ) Se 2 (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1), CuGaSe 2 , and Cu (In 1-y Ga y ) Se 2 (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1). Can be.
- the light absorption layer 30 may include a single layer structure including a single semiconductor compound among the above-described semiconductor compounds, or may include a multilayer structure of two or more layers including heterogeneous semiconductor compounds.
- the light absorption layer 30 may have a thickness of 0.1 to 900 ⁇ m, when having a thickness in the above range can minimize the light loss in the light absorption layer 30 to improve the energy conversion efficiency.
- the transparent electrode layer 40 is an electrode through which sunlight is incident and transmitted, and may be used without particular limitation as long as it prevents a decrease in light transmittance, has a low specific resistance, and has a good surface roughness.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- FTO fluorine tin oxide
- IZO indium zinc oxide
- ZnO- Ga 2 O 3 or Al 2 O 3
- tin oxide TO
- antimony tin oxide ATO
- zinc oxide aluminum doped zinc oxide
- CdO, CdSnO 4 and transparent conductive metal oxides selected from the group consisting of these can be used.
- the transparent electrode layer 40 may be formed of a single layer or a multilayer of the conductive metal oxide.
- the transparent electrode layer 40 may further include a transparent substrate (not shown) as a support for the transparent electrode on the opposite side of the surface of the transparent electrode layer 40 in contact with the light absorbing layer 30.
- a transparent substrate any material having transparency to allow incidence of external light may be used without particular limitation. Specific examples include plastics such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyimide, triacetyl cellulose or copolymers thereof; Or glass or the like can be used.
- the transparent substrate may be doped with a material selected from the group consisting of titanium (Ti), indium (In), gallium (Ga) and aluminum (Al).
- a buffer layer (not shown) is disposed between the transparent electrode layer 40 and the light absorption layer 30 to mitigate the difference in work function and lattice constant between the light absorption layer and the transparent electrode layer to facilitate the movement of holes and electrons. It may be located.
- An n-type semiconductor may be used as the buffer layer, and specifically, a compound selected from the group consisting of CdS, ZnS, ZnSe, In 2 O 3, and mixtures thereof may be used.
- the present invention also provides a method of manufacturing a thin film solar cell having the above structure.
- the method of manufacturing the thin film solar cell includes preparing a substrate, and sequentially forming a metal electrode layer, a light absorption layer, and a transparent electrode layer on the substrate.
- the manufacturing step of the substrate may be carried out according to the manufacturing method of the polyimide metal laminate described above.
- the metal electrode layer forming process may be performed according to a conventional metal electrode layer forming method such as sputtering, vacuum deposition, or slurry coating.
- a metal electrode layer forming method such as sputtering, vacuum deposition, or slurry coating.
- molybdenum can be deposited in a plasma gas such as argon (Ar), neon (Ne), or xenon (Xe) using a sputtering system as the metal electrode layer forming material.
- the temperature and pressure in the sputtering system is preferably maintained at 25 to 120 °C and 3 to 10 mtorr, it is also preferable that the DC power (DC power) is 150 to 200W.
- the light absorbing layer forming process may be performed using a compound semiconductor as described above, such as physical vapor deposition such as sputtering, vacuum deposition, chemical vapor deposition, or spraying, printing, or electrodeposition of a composition containing the compound semiconductor. It may be carried out by a conventional method such as a non-vacuum coating method.
- a non-vacuum coating method For example, in the case of forming a CIG light absorbing layer using a sputtering method, it can be grown at room temperature using an alloy such as CuIn or CuGa or a metallic single element such as Cu, In, Ga as a target. In this case, by appropriately changing the growth pressure and temperature, the composition and the crystal growth direction of the semiconductor compound to form the light absorbing layer can be changed.
- the growth pressure is preferably 3 to 10 mtorr so that the crystal can be grown in the preferential direction of 200.
- the growth temperature may be preferably 25 to 600 °C.
- the DC power supply may be preferably 120 to 200W. If the selenization process is further required, after the formation of the compound semiconductor layer, a heat treatment is performed in a nitrogen, oxygen, or argon gas atmosphere to a temperature of 450 to 600 ° C. at a temperature rising rate of 10 to 50 ° C./sec.
- the light absorbing layer When the light absorbing layer is formed under the above conditions, crystal growth of the compound semiconductor is promoted due to the action of the alkali metal component diffused from the polyimide film layer and the diffusion of gallium, and the grown crystals are formed of (200). It may have a crystal structure arranged in the preferred direction.
- the transparent electrode layer forming process for the light absorbing layer prepared above may be performed according to a conventional method, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the method for manufacturing a thin film solar cell according to the present invention uses a laminate including a metal substrate and a polyimide film layer including a polyimide doped with an alkali metal, located on one surface of the metal substrate, and having a high temperature of 550 ° C. or higher.
- a process is possible, a barrier film forming process is unnecessary, and a monolithic manufacturing process is possible.
- the alkali metal source was dissolved in a glycol solvent using a stirrer at room temperature so as to have a concentration of 0.1 to 5% by weight, and then diluted by 10 to 80% by weight in an additional solvent to prepare a product.
- Alkali metal dope liquids of Examples 1 and 2 were prepared.
- the polyimide varnish was prepared by adjusting the solids weight% so that the resulting reactant had a viscosity of 10,000 cP.
- a copper substrate having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m was prepared as a metal base layer, and the polyimide varnish prepared above was cast on the metal base layer to a thickness of 20 ⁇ m and dried.
- the metal base layer on which the film-like polyimide varnish was formed was put in an oven and heated at a rate of 2 ° C./min, and maintained at 80 ° C. for 15 minutes, 150 ° C. for 30 minutes, 220 ° C. for 30 minutes, and 350 ° C. for 1 hour. The imidation process was advanced.
- the coating of the composition of Preparation Example 1 was spin-coated on the polyimide film, softbaked on a hot plate at 90 ° C. for 1 minute, and hard baked in a 450 ° C. oven to carry out polyimide on the metal substrate layer.
- a laminate was formed in which layers and sodium doped layers were formed sequentially.
- the polyimide layer was found to have a thickness of about 12.5 ⁇ m, and the sodium doped layer was found to have a thickness of about 150 nm.
- Step 1 Form the Electrode Layer
- Molybdenum (Mo) target (size: 2 inches, 0.25 mm thickness) on the sodium doped layer while rotating the laminate formed with a polyimide film layer and a sodium doped layer sequentially on the copper substrate prepared in Example 1 at 15 rpm , 99.99% purity) was sputtered for 5 minutes to form a Mo metal electrode layer having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m.
- Ar of 99.999% purity was used as a plasma gas, and the pressure inside the reactor was maintained at 10 ⁇ 6 torr.
- the growth temperature and the growth pressure were 25 °C and 4 ⁇ 10mtorr, respectively, DC power was 2000 ⁇ 4000W.
- the laminated body in which the molybdenum metal electrode layer was formed on the laminated body of Example 1 was manufactured.
- the light absorption layer was formed by depositing gallium, copper, indium, and cerium by co-evaporation at 500 ° C. on the laminate prepared in Step 1. At this time, the growth pressure and the DC power were 5 mtorr and 120 W, respectively.
- a transparent electrode layer made of aluminum oxide doped zinc oxide was formed to have a size of 10 cm ⁇ 10 cm, and then the transparent electrode layer was laminated on the laminate in which the light absorbing layer was formed so as to contact the light absorbing layer, thereby manufacturing a thin film solar cell.
- a thin film solar cell was manufactured through the same process as in Examples 1 and 2, except that the alkali dope composition of Preparation Example 2 was used.
- the polyimide varnish was prepared by adjusting the solids weight% so that the resulting reactant had a viscosity of 10,000 cP.
- the polyimide varnish prepared above was cast on a release film made of metal to a thickness of 20 ⁇ m and then dried.
- the release film having the polyimide varnish formed on the film was placed in an oven and heated at a rate of 2 ° C./min, 15 minutes at 80 ° C., 30 minutes at 150 ° C., 30 minutes at 220 ° C., 1 hour at 350 ° C., and 500 ° C.
- the imidation process was performed by maintaining for 1 hour.
- the release film on which the polyimide film was formed was cooled, and the polyimide film was separated from the release film.
- the laminate of the polyimide film-molybdenum metal electrode layer was formed on the polyimide film prepared in Comparative Example 1 under the same conditions and methods as in Example 1 to form a Mo layer having a thickness of 400 to 800 nm by DC sputtering. Prepared.
- a light absorbing layer and a layer on the molybdenum metal electrode layer in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the laminate of the polyimide film-molybdenum metal electrode layer of Comparative Example 2 was used instead of the laminate prepared in Step 1 of Example 2.
- a transparent electrode layer was sequentially formed to manufacture a thin film solar cell.
- thermomechanical analysis (Thermal Mechanical Analyzer, TMA) was performed on the laminate prepared in Example 1 and the polyimide film prepared in Comparative Example 1.
- Example 1 glass transition temperature of 585 ° C.
- the laminate of Example 1 had an increased glass transition temperature compared to the polyimide film (546 ° C.) of Comparative Example 1, thereby showing more improved thermal stability. .
- thermomechanical analysis was carried out in the same manner as in Test Example 1 with respect to the laminate prepared in Step 1 of Example 2, the polyimide film of Comparative Example 1, and the laminate of polyimide film-molybdenum metal electrode layer of Comparative Example 2. Was carried out.
- the laminate prepared in Step 1 of Example 2 may be a polyimide film of Comparative Example 1 (glass transition temperature of 546 ° C.) and a polyimide film of Comparative Example 2 ⁇
- the laminate of the molybdenum metal electrode layer glass transition temperature of 575 °C
- the thin film solar cell manufactured in Example 2 was bent by hand to evaluate flexibility, and the results are shown in FIG. 4.
- the thin film solar cell manufactured in Example 2 was observed using a field emission scanning electronic microscope (FE-SEM) and the cross section and the surface of the top layer of the thin film solar cell. The results are shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B.
- FE-SEM field emission scanning electronic microscope
- the PI film is a polyimide film layer
- the Mo layer is a molybdenum metal electrode layer
- the CIGS is a light absorption layer including a CIGS compound semiconductor. Denotes each of the transparent electrode layers, and in the cross-sectional photograph of each thin film solar cell, the copper substrate formed on the back surface of the polyimide film layer (PI film) was excluded from the photograph.
- the light absorbing layer of the thin film solar cell of Example 2 has a larger grain size and a dense structure than the light absorbing layer of Comparative Example 3 Can be confirmed.
- the current-voltage characteristics were measured using solar simplicity and the results are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, respectively.
- the open circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), energy change efficiency (Eff) and short circuit current (J sc ) were calculated from the measured current-voltage curve.
- the results are shown in Table 1.
- the xenon lamp was set to 100W
- the light intensity was set to 100W / cm 2
- the solar condition (AM 1.5) of the xenon lamp was corrected using a standard solar cell.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the current-voltage characteristic evaluation results of the thin film solar cell of Example 2
- Figure 8 is a graph showing the current-voltage characteristic evaluation results of the thin film solar cell of Comparative Example 3.
- the thin-film solar cell of Example 2 (6.94%, 0.003886W) comprising a polyimide film layer of polyimide doped with sodium, is a polyimide film of undoped polyimide Compared with the thin film solar cell of Comparative Example 3 including the layer (2.564%, 0.001436W) showed a significantly improved performance characteristics.
- the portion of the sodium doped layer formed during the preparation of Example 1 was analyzed using SEM / EDX, and the analysis results are shown in FIG. 9. Through the analysis results, it was confirmed that when the sodium doped layer was formed using an alkali metal doping liquid containing sodium silicate as an alkali metal source, a SiOx thin film derived therefrom was formed.
- the Mo / polyimide layer (Na doping in Example 2, no Na doping in Comparative Example 2) formed during the manufacturing process of Examples 2, 3 and Comparative Example 2 was subjected to OM (engineering) after 1064 nm laser patterning for solar cell manufacturing. Observed and analyzed with a microscope (Optical Microscope), the results are shown sequentially in FIGS. 10 to 12.
- Example 2 even after 1064 nm laser patterning for manufacturing a solar cell, it was confirmed that little damage such as Mo / polyimide layer occurred due to the Na doping layer formation. In addition, in Example 3, it was confirmed that damage of Mo / polyimide layer and the like occurred less than in Comparative Example 2, whereas in Comparative Example 2, it was confirmed that the damage caused by laser patterning occurred considerably.
- the laminate according to the present invention is capable of a high temperature process of 550 °C or more, excellent durability and barrier properties, it is possible to manufacture a thin-film solar cell having an improved energy conversion efficiency with excellent flexibility,
- the thin film solar cell when the thin film solar cell is manufactured using the laminate, a high temperature process at 550 ° C. or higher is possible, a barrier film forming step is unnecessary, and a thin film solar cell can be manufactured by a monolithic manufacturing process.
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Abstract
Description
| 알칼리금속 공급원 | 함량(wt%) | 글리콜계 용매 | 함량(wt%) | 추가 용매 | 함량(wt%) | |
| 제조예 1 | Na2SiO3 | 0.125 | 프로필렌글리콜 | 49.875 | PGMEA | 50 |
| 제조예 2 | NaOH | 0.175 | 프로필렌글리콜 | 49.825 | PGMEA | 50 |
| Voc(V) | FF(%) | Eff(%) | Jsc(mA/cm2) | |
| 실시예 2 | 0.49 | 55.21 | 7.0 | 25.79 |
| 비교예 3 | 0.43 | 26.03 | 2.7 | 22.74 |
Claims (25)
- 폴리이미드층 및상기 폴리이미드층의 적어도 일면에 위치하는 알칼리금속 도핑층을 포함하는 적층체.
- 제1항에 있어서,금속 기재층을 더 포함하며,상기 폴리이미드층은 상기 금속 기재층의 일면에 위치하는 것인 적층체.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 금속 기재층은 구리, 알루미늄, 티타늄, 니켈 또는 서스(SUS)를 포함하는 것인 적층체.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 금속 기재층은 100nm 내지 100㎛의 두께를 갖는 것인 적층체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 알칼리금속은 리튬, 나트륨, 칼륨, 루비듐 또는 세슘에서 선택되는 것인 적층체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 알칼리금속은 폴리이미드 필름층 총 중량에 대하여 0.01 내지 5중량%로 도핑되는 것인 적층체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 폴리이미드는 테트라카르복실산 이무수물과 다이아민의 중합에 의해 생성된 폴리아믹산을 이미드화 하여 제조된 것인 적층체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 폴리이미드 필름층은 1 내지 60㎛의 두께를 갖는 것인 적층체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 적층체는 100 내지 500℃의 온도범위에서 15ppm/℃ 이하의 열팽창계수를 갖는 것인 적층체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 적층체는 550℃ 이상의 유리전이온도를 갖는 것인 적층체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 적층체의 폴리이미드 필름층 위에 위치하는 금속 전극층을 더 포함하는 것인 적층체.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 적층체는 600℃ 이상의 유리전이온도를 갖는 것인 적층체.
- 폴리이미드층을 형성하는 단계, 및상기 폴리이미드층의 일면에 알칼리금속 공급원을 포함하는 코팅층을 형성한 후 열처리하여 알칼리금속 도핑층을 형성하는 단계를 포함하는 적층체의 제조방법.
- 제13항에 있어서상기 폴리이미드층은 금속 기재층의 일면에 형성되는 것인 적층체의 제조방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 폴리이미드층 형성 단계는 테트라카르복실산 이무수물 및 다이아민을 중합반응시켜 제조한 폴리아믹산을 포함하는 폴리이미드 바니쉬를 금속 기재층의 일면에 캐스팅한 후 이미드화 처리하거나, 또는 상기 폴리이미드 바니쉬를 이미드화 처리하여 제조한 폴리이미드 필름을 금속 기재층에 라미네이팅하여 실시되는 것인 적층체의 제조방법.
- 제13항에 있어서,상기 알칼리금속 공급원은 리튬, 나트륨, 칼륨, 루비듐 또는 세슘에서 선택되는 알칼리금속 또는 이를 포함하는 화합물인 것인 적층체의 제조방법.
- 제13항에 있어서,상기 열처리는 80 내지 150℃에서 진행하는 소프트베이크 공정과 150 내지 500℃에서 진행하는 하드베이크 공정에 의해 실시되는 것인 적층체의 제조방법.
- 제13항에 있어서,상기 알칼리금속 공급원을 포함하는 코팅층은 알칼리금속 공급원과 글리콜계 유기용매를 포함하는 알칼리금속 도핑액으로 코팅하여 형성되는 것인 적층체의 제조방법.
- 제18항에 있어서,상기 알칼리금속 도핑액은 프로필렌 글리콜 모노메틸에테르 아세테이트 (PGMEA), 부틸아세테이트, 에틸락테이트 및 부틸락테이트로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 용매를 더 포함하는 것인 적층체의 제조방법.
- 제13항에 있어서,상기 알칼리금속 도핑층 위에 금속 전극층을 형성하는 단계를 더 포함하는 적층체의 제조방법.
- 제1항 내지 제12항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 적층체를 포함하는 박막형 태양전지.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 박막형 태양전지는금속 기재층;상기 금속 기재층의 일면에 위치하는 폴리이미드층;상기 폴리이미드층 위에 위치하는 알칼리금속 도핑층;상기 알칼리금속 도핑층 위에 위치하는 금속 전극층;상기 금속 전극층 위에 위치하며, 화합물 반도체를 포함하는 광흡수층; 및상기 광흡수층 위에 위치하는 투명전극층을 포함하는 것인 박막형 태양전지.
- 제22항에 있어서,상기 금속 전극층은 몰리브덴(Mo), 알루미늄(Al), 은(Ag), 금(Au), 백금(Pt), 니켈(Ni), 또는 구리(Cu)를 포함하는 것인 박막형 태양전지.
- 제22항에 있어서,상기 금속 전극층은 100nm 내지 1㎛의 두께를 갖는 것인 박막형 태양전지.
- 제22항에 있어서,상기 화합물 반도체는 (200) 우선 방향으로 배열된 결정구조를 갖는 것인 박막형 태양전지.
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| US14/441,703 US10121923B2 (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | Laminate and thin-film solar cell comprising same |
| JP2015531030A JP6011730B2 (ja) | 2013-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | 積層体の製造方法 |
| CN201480002293.5A CN104619489B (zh) | 2013-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | 层压板和包含其的薄膜太阳能电池 |
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| KR1020140073217A KR101606990B1 (ko) | 2013-06-19 | 2014-06-17 | 적층체 및 이를 포함하는 박막형 태양전지 |
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| KR20110009711A (ko) * | 2008-05-20 | 2011-01-28 | 우베 고산 가부시키가이샤 | 방향족 폴리이미드 필름, 적층체 및 태양전지 |
| US20110272027A1 (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2011-11-10 | Lomasney Henry L | Solar photovoltaic devices and methods of making them |
| US20100133093A1 (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2010-06-03 | Mackie Neil M | Method for alkali doping of thin film photovoltaic materials |
| US20120073633A1 (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-03-29 | Precursor Energetics, Inc. | Inks with alkali metals for thin film solar cell processes |
| US20130104972A1 (en) * | 2011-10-26 | 2013-05-02 | Korea Institute Of Science And Technology | Se OR S BASED THIN FILM SOLAR CELL AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
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