WO2014202362A1 - Procédé de fourniture d'informations relatives à des places de stationnement libres - Google Patents

Procédé de fourniture d'informations relatives à des places de stationnement libres Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014202362A1
WO2014202362A1 PCT/EP2014/061046 EP2014061046W WO2014202362A1 WO 2014202362 A1 WO2014202362 A1 WO 2014202362A1 EP 2014061046 W EP2014061046 W EP 2014061046W WO 2014202362 A1 WO2014202362 A1 WO 2014202362A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
parking
information
segment
determined
free
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/061046
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Daniel Kotzor
Heidrun Belzner
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2014202362A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014202362A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
    • G08G1/141—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas with means giving the indication of available parking spaces
    • G08G1/143—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas with means giving the indication of available parking spaces inside the vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
    • G08G1/0112—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from the vehicle, e.g. floating car data [FCD]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
    • G08G1/0116—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from roadside infrastructure, e.g. beacons
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0125—Traffic data processing
    • G08G1/0129—Traffic data processing for creating historical data or processing based on historical data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0137—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications
    • G08G1/0141—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications for traffic information dissemination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
    • G08G1/141—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas with means giving the indication of available parking spaces
    • G08G1/144—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas with means giving the indication of available parking spaces on portable or mobile units, e.g. personal digital assistant [PDA]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
    • G08G1/145—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas
    • G08G1/147—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas where the parking area is within an open public zone, e.g. city centre
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
    • G08G1/145—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas
    • G08G1/148—Management of a network of parking areas
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/065—Traffic control systems for road vehicles by counting the vehicles in a section of the road or in a parking area, i.e. comparing incoming count with outgoing count

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for providing parking information on free parking spaces.
  • Parking information on free parking spaces are used, for example, by parking guidance systems and / or navigation devices for navigating a parking space-seeking vehicle.
  • Modern inner-city systems work according to a simple principle. If the number of parking spaces and the inflow and outflow of the vehicles are known, this can easily determine the availability of free parking. Signposting the access roads and dynamically updating the parking information allows vehicles to navigate to free parking. In principle, this results in restrictions in that the parking areas must be clearly defined and the entry and exit of the vehicles must always be precisely controlled. For this purpose, structural measures, such as barriers or other access control systems are required.
  • the Applicant also describes under the application number 102012201472.1 a method for providing parking information on free parking spaces, in which a knowledge database with historical data is generated from ascertained information about available, free parking spaces.
  • the historical data includes statistical data on free parking spaces for given streets and / or given times or periods. From the historical data and up-to-date information obtained at a given time for one or more selected blocks of vehicles in circulation, a probability distribution of expected free parking for the selected street (s) is determined.
  • the probability distribution represents parking information on free parking spaces in the selected street or streets.
  • a disadvantage of this method is that up-to-date information about parking space utilization must be determined metrologically in order to make an estimation and prognosis with the help of historical parameters. If there is no current estimate, a statement is calculated based on purely historical data. If only random samples or individual parking events are available, so far no statement can be made. As a result, the method is not accurate enough.
  • the invention provides a method for providing parking information on free parking spaces.
  • a method of providing free parking along roads, i. not demarcated areas is provided.
  • historical and current information about available free parking spaces is determined for the at least one street. From the determined information, at least one parking segment, which comprises one or more streets, is determined. For each parking segment, statistical information about free parking spaces is generated from the information obtained. This step can initially be performed using historical data.
  • the historical data may be stored in a knowledge database, wherein the historical data for predetermined streets and / or predetermined times or periods each include statistical data on free parking.
  • the knowledge database e.g. deposits y parking spaces on a particular street at a time or in a timeframe with a total of x available parking spaces.
  • the historical knowledge database contains information about which parking lots can be used in principle as parking lots (so-called valid parking spaces or gaps) and on the other hand information about average free parking spaces at certain times.
  • the historical data thus includes utilization data and may also contain information about entry and exit parking processes or parking search traffic.
  • a modeling is generated for each parking segment in which the information determined for the parking segment is processed in order to determine a parking state of the respective parking segment as a probability distribution.
  • the determination of Probability distribution of expected free parking is preferably made by a central computer.
  • the up-to-date information on available, free parking spaces are thus transmitted to the central computer by vehicles or stationary sensors in the relevant road sections of the parking segment which are determined by this information.
  • the parking condition of a road has an impact on adjacent roads.
  • the use of functions which describe an entire area, a so-called parking segment, takes this fact into account.
  • it has the advantage that a statement can also be made on roads where no information is currently available.
  • an updated probability distribution of the parking state is determined from information obtained in real time about free, available parking spaces of a parking segment.
  • the information about available, free parking spaces of vehicles in traffic is detected by measurement.
  • sensors can be used, which can be based on optical and / or non-optical sensors.
  • Particularly preferred is the use of a camera.
  • sensor systems can be used, which are originally provided, for example, for a lane departure control or lane change assistant.
  • Such sensors may for example be based on radar or other non-optical techniques.
  • a roadside area can be detected by a camera of the vehicles and an image sequence can be generated, which is evaluated by a computer of the vehicles in order to identify free parking spaces of the detected roadside area. It is expediently provided that only valid parking spaces are included in the calculation of the probability. Under a valid parking lot is understood such a parking lot on which a vehicle may be parked regularly. Non-valid parking places, for example, make junctions to intersections, fire service access Rich and the like. The plausibility is done by image processing and additional sensors, such as a digital map, with free parking spaces are automatically detected and plausibility checked while driving the vehicle. For example, for this purpose, the laterally installed in the vehicle camera can be used.
  • the information about available, free parking spaces of sensors arranged along the streets is detected metrologically.
  • sensors are known, for example, for monitoring parking spaces from parking garages or other demarcated parking lots.
  • the information about available, free parking spaces is generated manually by input of users into a terminal (for example smartphone, laptop, tablet PC, etc., but also user interface of a vehicle).
  • a terminal for example smartphone, laptop, tablet PC, etc., but also user interface of a vehicle.
  • special apps can be provided for this, in which users can report free parking spaces.
  • a corresponding user entry can take place when the user parks his vehicle out of a parking space. The corresponding information is then taken into account at the parking calculator mentioned in the context of processing the current information.
  • the information about available, free parking spaces is automatically generated by a vehicle in that corresponding information is output during each parking process and every parking process.
  • Many vehicles today are equipped with systems that report to a central server when they are parked. These include vehicles from logistics or fleet companies or car-sharing vehicles.
  • the proposed method uses this information to make up-to-date statements when systems that can measure road load utilization do not yet have the required equipment rate.
  • the information on available, free parking spaces are expediently transmitted to a knowledge base generating and / or managing central computer.
  • a central computer can be administered, for example, by a service provider who provides parking information.
  • a service provider could, for example It can also be a vehicle manufacturer who uses it to process the information on free parking spaces as part of its route navigation.
  • first information about the parking of vehicles in and / or the parking of vehicles from a parking space is determined as information, wherein an outage rate is determined from the holding times between the parking and the parking of a respective vehicle.
  • the outage rate may e.g. be processed in a queue model, so that a prognosis about the change in the probability can be determined at a later time.
  • a later time could, for example, be the time of arrival in a certain street within the framework of a calculated route navigation.
  • a prognosis can already be given on the basis of the historical probability distribution. However, the quality of the forecast becomes better the more up-to-date the data is.
  • a probability based on historical and current information i.e., vehicle is uncovered
  • a request rate ( ⁇ ) is determined as the second information, which indicates the number of requests for one parking space per time (i.e., time unit) for a parking segment. This information thus represents the number of vehicles that would like to park within a certain time unit in a parking segment and for this purpose make a request to the central computer.
  • the request rate is also referred to as the arrival rate.
  • third information about a fixed number of detected free parking spaces is determined as information.
  • This number can be detected by the above detection methods. For example, the number "0" indicates that there is no parking space.
  • each parking segment is assigned at least one basic function, which represents the out-of-plane rate and the request rate as a function of a parking characteristic.
  • Basic functions are, for example, the classification as a residential area or shopping area or business district or nightlife district.
  • Each of the basic functions has characteristic peculiarities with regard to the parking behavior, which are taken into account in the modeling by corresponding values of the request rate and the out-of-plane rate can.
  • nighttime parking has increased traffic.
  • the parking search traffic can be insignificant.
  • it is in a park segment classified as a shopping district or business district. In a residential area, there is little traffic during the day.
  • a parking segment can only be assigned a basic function.
  • a parking segment may be assigned a plurality of basic functions.
  • a parking segment is at the same time a residential area and a nightlife district.
  • the assignment of one or more basic functions can be carried out manually or automatically by means of search functions of a card. For example, the information contained in Google Maps ® about businesses, traders and bars and restaurants can be evaluated.
  • the modeling for each park segment by is carried out according to an embodiment of the method with a birth-death method (so-called BD process).
  • the invention further provides a computer program product that can be loaded directly into the internal memory of a digital computer or computer system and includes software code portions that perform the steps of any preceding claim when the product is running on the computer or computer system.
  • the invention provides a system for providing parking information on free parking spaces in at least one street.
  • the system includes
  • a second unit for generating a modeling for each parking segment which is adapted to process the information determined for the parking segment to determine a parking state of the respective parking segment as a probability distribution.
  • system may include further means for carrying out preferred embodiments of the method.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a system for carrying out the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the model according to the invention, which is round about.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the initialization of the system of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of the update of the system of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the operation of the system of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 6 is a probability distribution of expected free parking for a
  • the system comprises a central computer 10, which may be formed from one or more computers.
  • the central computer 10 is managed, for example, by a service provider for providing parking information.
  • the service provider could be, for example, a vehicle manufacturer.
  • the task of the central computer 10 is to process information about available, free parking spaces, which are transmitted, for example, from vehicles in traffic, but also from stationarily installed sensor units, to the central computer and to a probability distribution to determine expected free parking. As will be apparent from the following description, the determination of the probability distribution is not made for a single particular road, but for a so-called. Park segment comprising several streets.
  • the central computer 10 comprises a user interface 11, e.g. in the form of a front end of a web server via which a user searching for a free parking space can make a request to the central computer 10 and via which the user receives a corresponding response (communication path K1).
  • a user interface 11 e.g. in the form of a front end of a web server via which a user searching for a free parking space can make a request to the central computer 10 and via which the user receives a corresponding response (communication path K1).
  • the terminal may be a component of a user's vehicle or a computer or a portable terminal (e.g.
  • the user interface 11 is connected to a computing unit 12 via a communication path K2.
  • the arithmetic unit 12 is used for processing incoming and outgoing data as well as for processing requested parking information.
  • a data supplier 14 is connected to the central computer 10 or its arithmetic unit 12 via an interface, not shown, via which the information about available free parking spaces is transmitted to the central computer (communication path K4).
  • the central computer 10 comprises a database 13, which can be accessed by the arithmetic unit 12 (communication path K3).
  • the database 13 stores information about a current state of the available parking spaces.
  • the model underlying the method according to the invention for providing parking information on free parking spaces is shown in more detail in FIG.
  • the model has a two-stage structure and can be implemented in the arithmetic unit 12.
  • a so-called macro model 20 calculates a map of parking segments from historical data on entry and Ausparkvortician, parking search traffic and other parking space information. Connected or interconnected streets with a similar characteristics in terms of and other parking space information into a parking segment.
  • a parking segment thus usually comprises several streets, wherein the number of streets may vary from park segment to park segment.
  • a map formed of streets ie a city map
  • the map or city map is thus divided into (parking) segments instead of streets.
  • the macro model 20 determines the statistical parameters request rate A (t) and average parking duration 1 / p (t) per parking segment, which is also referred to as the outage rate.
  • the request rate ⁇ (t) represents a number of (user) requests per time for a free parking space in the respective parking segment.
  • the average parking time 1 / ⁇ ( ⁇ ) represents the time elapsed between a parking and a parking operation.
  • Each parking segment can be assigned at least one so-called basic function, which represents the out-of-range rate 1 / ⁇ ( ⁇ ) and the request rate A (t) as a function of a parking characteristic.
  • Basic functions are e.g. the classification as a residential area or shopping area or business district or nightlife district.
  • Each of the basic functions has characteristic peculiarities with regard to the parking search traffic, which can be taken into account in the modeling by means of corresponding values of the request rate and the out-of-plane rate. For example, in a nightlife district, nighttime parking has increased traffic. By contrast, during the day, the parking search traffic can be insignificant. Conversely, it is in a park segment classified as a shopping district or business district. In a residential area, there is little traffic during the day.
  • a parking segment can only be assigned a basic function.
  • a parking segment may be assigned a plurality of basic functions. For example, is a park segment at the same time residential area and nightlife district.
  • the assignment of one or more basic functions can be carried out manually or automatically by means of search functions of a card. For this, e.g. The information contained in Google Maps ® about businesses, traders and bars and restaurants are evaluated.
  • micromodel 21 models each parking segment by means of a birth-death process known to the person skilled in the art and therefore not described in more detail.
  • Process 22 uses the statistical parameters obtained from the macro model to estimate the new parking state in the form of a probability vector P.
  • the result of the modeling is a probability distribution of free parking spaces for a respective parking segment, as described e.g. in the diagrams of FIG. 6 is shown.
  • the probability vector P (t) is represented over the number m of all parking spaces available in principle, where m can assume values between 0 and 1.
  • ti left diagram in this example, the probability that four parking spaces are occupied, the largest.
  • the modeling of known input and Ausparkvortician can be done in the following manner.
  • parking out the elements of the vector Pj (t 2 ) at time t 2 shifted by one to the left and normalized to "1.”
  • This shift of the probability distribution of free parking in a parking segment is exemplified in Fig. 6.
  • parking the Elements of the vector Pj (t 2 ) at a time t 2 are shifted in an analogous manner by one to the right and normalized to 1. Direct observations, such as "5 free parking spaces were discovered in this segment" automatically lead to a defined probability vector.
  • the developed macromodel allows an improved estimation of the probability of free parking by adaptively estimating the parameters of the request rate ⁇ and the out-of-park rate ⁇ on the basis of new measurements (input in block 21 of the micro-model).
  • the parameters can be learned or adapted to the conditions of the parking segment depending on certain criteria, such as the day of the week, time of day, etc., eg when new segments or changes to the parking conditions are introduced.
  • the unknown parameters request rate ⁇ and outage rate ⁇ can be estimated by solving an optimization problem such as a maximum likelihood estimation.
  • Another embodiment makes it possible to determine the number of occupied parking spaces on the basis of the ratio of the parking pressure and the parking lot density.
  • An estimate of the parking pressure can be determined on the basis of the macro model and the parking rate ⁇ ⁇ .
  • the parking lot density is given by a geographical map model. Such a map can be generated for example by means of so-called "kernel density estimation" on the basis of already used and thus learned parking spaces.
  • 3 shows the step of initialization, in which an offline optimization of the parking segments and the statistical parameters of the request rate A (t) and the average parking duration 1 / ⁇ ( ⁇ ) takes place.
  • historical data on-off parking, parking search, parking space monitor, load data
  • Parking space monitor is described in the aforementioned German patent application DE 10 2012 201 472.1 of the applicant, the content of which is incorporated by reference.
  • the offline macro model calculates a first set of statistical parameters and a first map of the park segments. The results of the calculations are stored in the database 13. Subsequently, the operation of the system can be started.
  • Fig. 4 shows the step of updating the model during operation.
  • the central computer 10 receives messages ("parking messages") from the data supplier 14 which contain updated information about free parking spaces. wear.
  • the arithmetic unit 12 By the arithmetic unit 12, the or the affected parking segments are determined from the database 13.
  • the information is processed in real time in the macro model 20. This can be done, for example, by means of so-called "kernel density estimation” in combination with a caiman filter derivative, followed by an updating of the modeling by the micro model 21, also in real time.
  • a BD process 22 can be integrated numerically.
  • the update 23 can be performed by means of a shift operator
  • the results of the calculations are stored in the database 13.
  • Fig. 5 shows the use of the model during operation.
  • a request from a user is received via the user interface 1 ("park request"), which is processed by the arithmetic unit 12, whereby the parking segment (s) necessary for answering the request are determined and the associated data is retrieved from the database
  • an evaluation of the data takes place in real time with the aid of the micro model 21, in which the BD process 22 is numerically integrated.This evaluation is carried out by the arithmetic unit.After that, the probability distribution of free parking spaces for the parking segment via the user interface 11 to the User sent back.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fourniture d'informations relatives à des places de stationnement libres dans lequel on détermine pour au moins une rue des informations respectivement historiques et actuelles concernant les places de stationnement libres disponibles. A partir des informations ainsi déterminées, on détermine au moins un secteur de stationnement englobant une ou plusieurs rues et, pour chaque secteur de stationnement, on génère respectivement à partir des informations des paramètres statistiques concernant les places de stationnement libres. On génère en outre pour chaque secteur de stationnement un modèle dans lequel les informations déterminées pour le secteur de stationnement sont traitées afin de déterminer la situation de stationnement dans le secteur concerné sous la forme d'une distribution de probabilités (Pi).
PCT/EP2014/061046 2013-06-20 2014-05-28 Procédé de fourniture d'informations relatives à des places de stationnement libres WO2014202362A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013211632.2A DE102013211632A1 (de) 2013-06-20 2013-06-20 Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von Parkinformationen zu freien Parkplätzen
DE102013211632.2 2013-06-20

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WO2014202362A1 true WO2014202362A1 (fr) 2014-12-24

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CN110610250B (zh) * 2018-06-15 2023-07-07 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 推荐及提示空闲车位、寻车路线提示的方法、装置及设备
EP3816960B1 (fr) * 2019-10-30 2024-02-21 Deutsche Telekom AG Procédé et dispositif de prévision de la disponibilité des places de stationnement
FR3105541A1 (fr) * 2019-12-18 2021-06-25 daniel pakiry Procédé automatique global et dispositif destinés à faciliter le stationnement des véhicules en voirie.
DE102020209992A1 (de) 2020-08-06 2022-02-10 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Steuergerät zum Bereitstellen von Parkinformationen zu freien Parkplätzen
CN112820134B (zh) * 2020-12-30 2022-08-23 深圳市前海亿车科技有限公司 一种局部区域预约停车的方法、系统及介质
DE102022208501A1 (de) 2022-08-16 2024-02-22 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und System zur Generierung von Empfehlungen von Parkplätzen
DE102022208531A1 (de) 2022-08-17 2024-02-22 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und System zur Parkplatzcharakterisierung und Kraftfahrzeug

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