WO2014189178A1 - 선택적 에미터를 갖는 태양전지의 제조방법 및 이로부터 제조된 태양전지 - Google Patents
선택적 에미터를 갖는 태양전지의 제조방법 및 이로부터 제조된 태양전지 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014189178A1 WO2014189178A1 PCT/KR2013/008544 KR2013008544W WO2014189178A1 WO 2014189178 A1 WO2014189178 A1 WO 2014189178A1 KR 2013008544 W KR2013008544 W KR 2013008544W WO 2014189178 A1 WO2014189178 A1 WO 2014189178A1
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- doping
- emitter
- electrode pattern
- alignment mark
- substrate
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021478 group 5 element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic chloride Chemical compound ClP=O RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
- H01L31/068—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN homojunction type, e.g. bulk silicon PN homojunction solar cells or thin film polycrystalline silicon PN homojunction solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
- H01L31/022433—Particular geometry of the grid contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/02016—Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices
- H01L31/02019—Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02021—Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1804—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/186—Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
- H01L31/1864—Annealing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a solar cell and a solar cell manufactured therefrom, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing a solar cell having a selective emitter and a solar cell manufactured therefrom.
- the solar cell has a substrate and an emitter layer each made of a semiconductor of a different conductive type, such as p-type and n-type.
- the emitter is positioned on the light incident surface side of the substrate, and a p-n junction is formed at the interface between the substrate and the emitter.
- a front electrode that is electrically connected to the emitter is formed on the emitter, and a rear electrode that is electrically connected to the substrate is formed on the other surface of the substrate facing the light incident surface.
- electrons inside the semiconductor become free electrons (hereinafter referred to as 'electrons') by a photoelectric effect, and electrons and holes are based on the principle of pn junction. This moves toward the n-type semiconductor and the p-type semiconductor, for example toward the emitter and the substrate. The moved electrons and holes move to respective electrodes electrically connected to the substrate and the emitter.
- the efficiency of the solar cell is affected by the concentration of dopants doped in the emitter.
- concentration of impurities doped in the emitter when the concentration of impurities doped in the emitter is low, that is, when the emitter is formed of a low concentration doping portion, recombination of electrons and holes is reduced, so that the short-circuit current density Jsc and the open voltage Voc are decreased.
- the contact resistance may increase and the fill factor may decrease.
- the concentration of the doped impurities is high, that is, when the emitter is formed of a high concentration doping portion, the contact resistance decreases to increase the fill factor, whereas the short circuit current density Jsc and the open voltage Voc may decrease.
- a solar cell having a selective emitter has an entire area of the emitter since the emitter is composed of a first emitter portion (low concentration doping portion) and a second emitter portion (high concentration doping portion), and a front electrode is formed on the second emitter portion. It is possible to improve the conversion efficiency compared to the conventional solar cells doped with a uniform concentration of the impurities.
- the parallel resistance may increase and the fill factor may be lowered, thereby increasing the efficiency of the solar cell. There is a problem that can not be effectively improved.
- An object of the present invention is to form an alignment mark by doping in the manufacture of selective emitters and to align the electrode patterns formed on the selective emitters with the electrode lines formed on the selective emitters by alignment printing the composition for forming a solar cell electrode using the same It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a solar cell which can improve the degree.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell excellent in conversion efficiency and the Fill Factor value produced by the manufacturing method.
- One aspect of the present invention includes the steps of locally doping an impurity on one surface of a substrate to form an electrode pattern portion and an alignment mark; And a second doping of impurities on the entire surface of the first doped substrate, wherein the alignment mark is formed as a first emitter portion or a second emitter portion by the first doping and the second doping.
- the electrode pattern portion relates to a method of manufacturing a solar cell including a selective emitter, characterized in that formed as a second emitter portion.
- the first doping may be to inject impurities by printing the doping paste on the substrate.
- After the first doping may further comprise a heat treatment for about 1 minute to about 10 minutes at about 250 °C to about 350 °C.
- the second doping may be to inject impurities into the gas doping in the furnace of about 800 °C to about 850 °C.
- the first emitter portion may have a lower impurity concentration than the second emitter portion.
- the doping thickness of the second emitter portion formed on the substrate may be greater than the doping thickness of the first emitter portion.
- the first doping may be formed so that the electrode pattern portion and the alignment mark are spaced apart from each other, and the electrode pattern portion and the alignment mark may be formed as a second emitter portion by the second doping.
- the first doping excludes only an area in which the alignment mark is formed in the electrode pattern part, and the alignment mark is a first emitter part locally formed in the electrode pattern part by a second doping.
- the pattern portion may be formed as a second emitter portion.
- the electrode pattern part may include one or more electrode patterns.
- the number of alignment marks may be one to six.
- the number of the alignment marks is two, four or six, the aligned alignment marks may have a symmetrical structure.
- the alignment mark may be shaped or amorphous and may have a diameter of about 0.2 mm to about 2 mm.
- the electrode pattern part may include a bus bar pattern and a finger bar pattern.
- the substrate may be a p-type or n-type semiconductor substrate.
- the doped impurities When the substrate is a p-type semiconductor substrate, the doped impurities may be a Group 5 element, and when the substrate is an n-type semiconductor substrate, the doped impurities may be a Group 3 element.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention comprises the steps of performing an alignment printing on the second emitter portion of the composition for forming a solar cell electrode using the alignment mark; And forming a front electrode after firing.
- Solar cell which is another aspect of the present invention can be manufactured by the above manufacturing method.
- an alignment mark is formed by doping at the time of manufacturing the selective emitter, and the degree of matching between the electrode pattern formed on the selective emitter and the manufactured electrode line is used using the same. Since it is possible to increase the solar cell manufactured therefrom has excellent conversion efficiency and fill factor values.
- Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the selective emitter of Figure 1 (b) prepared according to the first embodiment of the present invention based on the line M-M '.
- Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the selective emitter of Figure 2 (b) prepared according to the second embodiment of the present invention based on the N-N 'line.
- FIG. 5A and 5B show alignment marks formed on a substrate according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 5C shows alignment marks formed on the substrate according to the second embodiment.
- Figure 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a solar cell comprising a selective emitter prepared according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention includes the steps of locally doping an impurity on one surface of a substrate to form an electrode pattern portion and an alignment mark; And a second doping of an impurity on the entire surface of the first doped substrate, wherein the alignment mark is formed of a first emitter portion or a second emitter portion by the first doping and the second doping.
- the electrode pattern portion relates to a method of manufacturing a solar cell including a selective emitter, characterized in that formed as a second emitter portion.
- the alignment mark between the electrode pattern formed on the selective emitter and the manufactured electrode line may be increased using the alignment mark to improve the efficiency of the solar cell.
- the process efficiency can be maximized.
- Step (S1) is a step of forming an electrode pattern portion and an alignment mark by locally doping impurities on one surface of the substrate, wherein the substrate provided may be a p-type or n-type substrate, and the first Doping may inject impurities into the substrate by printing the doping paste onto the substrate.
- the doping paste used in the first doping may include antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), phosphorus (P), and the like, which are group 5 elements when the substrate provided is a p-type substrate. It may be a paste containing boron (B), gallium (Ga), indium (In), or the like, which is a Group 3 element.
- the second emitter part may be defined as a high concentration doping part formed locally on the first emitter part.
- the alignment mark formed by the first doping in step S1 may be formed as a first emitter part or a second emitter part after the second doping in step S2 according to the formation method of the alignment mark, and the electrode pattern part After the second doping in the step S2, the second emitter part may be formed.
- Step (S1) may further include a heat treatment for about 1 minute to about 10 minutes at about 250 °C to about 350 °C after the first doping, drying the doping paste printed by the heat treatment and at the same time the electrode pattern portion or Impurities that form the alignment mark are doped on the substrate.
- an impurity is doped on the entire surface of the first doped substrate in operation S1.
- the second doping is a step of doping impurities at a uniform concentration on the entire surface of the substrate for pn junction, and gas doping may be performed by injecting an impurity gas in a high temperature furnace.
- the doping may be performed by injecting a liquid or gaseous gas in the furnace of about 800 °C to about 850 °C.
- the dopant gas may include antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), phosphorus (P), etc., which are group 5 elements when the substrate provided is a p-type substrate, and in the case of an n-type substrate, It may include boron (B), gallium (Ga), indium (In), etc., which is a group element, but it is optional to use an element of the same group or the same element as the impurities contained in the doping paste used for the first doping. It is advantageous for the manufacture of the foundation. Injection of the impurity gas in the step (S2) may be made in a furnace of about 800 °C to about 850 °C.
- the electrode pattern portion may be formed as the second emitter portion by the second doping, and the entire region of the substrate except the electrode pattern portion or the alignment mark may be formed as the first emitter portion.
- the first doping may be performed by printing a doping paste in a pattern spaced apart from the electrode pattern portion and the alignment mark.
- the electrode pattern portion and the alignment mark may be formed as the second emitter portion, respectively, during the second doping, whereby the alignment mark may be formed from the electrode pattern portion.
- the alignment pattern formed by the second emitter part is spaced apart from the alignment mark, and the composition for forming a solar cell electrode is aligned on the electrode pattern part formed by the second emitter part, followed by a firing step, followed by a firing step.
- An electrode may be formed on the top.
- the first doping may be performed by printing a doping paste in a pattern excluding a region where the alignment mark is formed in the electrode pattern part.
- the alignment mark may be a region formed locally in the electrode pattern portion, the alignment mark may be formed as a first emitter portion, and the electrode pattern portion may be formed as a second emitter portion after second doping.
- the electrode is formed on the electrode pattern portion through a firing step. Can be.
- the second doping thickness may be about 0.5 ⁇ m to about 2 ⁇ m, and the surface resistance of the second emitter part may be about 50 ⁇ s / ⁇ to about 80 ⁇ s / ⁇ .
- the electrode pattern portion or the alignment mark formed as the second emitter portion may be identified from the low concentration doping portion, which is the first emitter portion, for alignment printing. Visibility can be secured as a cover.
- the first emitter portion and the second emitter portion have a first doping and a second doping so as to have a difference in surface resistance from about 30 kPa / square to about 50 kPa / square.
- the electrode pattern part may include one or more electrode patterns.
- the electrode pattern part may include a bus bar pattern and a finger bar pattern.
- the alignment mark may be amorphous or amorphous, and may have a diameter of about 0.1 mm to about 2 mm, but is not limited thereto.
- the alignment mark may have a shape of a sphere, a rectangle, a cross, a negative shape, and the like.
- the alignment marks may be formed of one to six.
- the aligned alignment marks may have a symmetrical structure, and in the case of having the symmetrical structure, the degree of registration may be further increased.
- the solar cell may be manufactured.
- Aligned printing in the step S4 may be performed by using a Baccini printer, etc., which may optically distinguish the alignment marks and enable precise printing through the separated information.
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a method of manufacturing a solar cell including a selective emitter according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 (a) illustrates that the electrode pattern parts 10 and 20 and the alignment mark 30 are formed by first doping the surface of the substrate 100
- FIG. 1 (b) illustrates the first doped substrate.
- a selective emitter is shown in which an alignment mark is formed by uniformly doping impurities on the front surface of the substrate.
- the alignment mark of the first embodiment is formed of the second emitter portion, which is a high concentration doping portion, similarly to the electrode pattern portion.
- the electrode pattern part may include a bus bar pattern 10 and a finger bar pattern 20, and an align mark 30 may be formed to be spaced apart from the electrode pattern.
- FIG. 1 (c) shows a finger bar 40 on the electrode pattern portion after alignment printing with the composition for forming a solar cell electrode using the alignment mark 30 formed according to the first embodiment.
- An electrode line including a bus bar 50 is formed.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the selective emitter of FIG. 1 (b) manufactured according to the first embodiment with reference to the MM ′ line.
- the emitter layer 110 may include a first emitter part and a first emitter part.
- 2 emitter portions, the busbar pattern 10 and the alignment mark 30 are formed of a second emitter portion doped at a high concentration, and the thickness H2 of the second emitter portion is the second undoped first portion. It can be seen that the doping thickness is formed thicker than the thickness H1 of the emitter portion.
- FIG. 5 illustrates an alignment mark formed on a substrate according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5A illustrates a cross align mark 200
- FIG. 5B illustrates a spherical alignment mark 300. .
- Figure 2 schematically shows a method of manufacturing a solar cell comprising a selective emitter according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the alignment mark of the first embodiment is formed to be spaced apart from the electrode pattern portion, whereas the alignment mark of the second embodiment is doped except for a region in which the alignment mark is formed in the electrode pattern portion during the first doping.
- the alignment mark remains as the first emitter portion, which is a lightly doped portion, while the surrounding area surrounding the alignment mark is formed of the second emitter portion as the electrode pattern portion, which is a high concentration doping portion, so that impurities between the alignment mark and the electrode pattern portion are formed.
- the alignment mark can be identified or recognized according to the concentration difference. Therefore, the alignment mark of the second embodiment may be defined as a lightly doped portion formed locally in the electrode pattern portion.
- FIG. 2A illustrates an electrode pattern portion including a bus bar pattern 10 and a finger bar pattern 20 formed by first doping a surface of the substrate 100, and an undoped region in the electrode pattern portion.
- the alignment mark is formed as shown in FIG. 2, except that the alignment mark is formed as an undoped region by excluding the region where the alignment mark 30 is formed in the electrode pattern part during the first doping.
- FIG. 2 (b) shows a selective emitter formed by uniformly doping impurities on the entire surface of the first doped substrate so that the alignment mark is the first emitter portion and the electrode pattern portion is the second emitter portion.
- FIG. 2 (c) shows a finger bar 40 on the electrode pattern portion after alignment printing with the composition for forming a solar cell electrode using the alignment mark 30 formed according to the second embodiment.
- An electrode line including a bus bar 50 is formed.
- the emitter layer 110 includes a first emitter part and a second emitter part, and the busbar pattern 10 is formed of a second emitter part heavily doped by a second doping. Since the alignment mark 30 is an area excluded from the printing object during the first doping, the alignment mark 30 is formed as the first emitter part by the second doping, and the impurity concentration difference or the doping thickness between the busbar pattern and the alignment mark (H2-H1) By this, alignment marks formed in the electrode pattern portion can be identified.
- FIG. 5C illustrates an alignment mark formed of a lightly doped portion in the electrode pattern portion by the second doping, and shows a spherical alignment mark 400 formed in the bus bar.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a solar cell manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the selective emitter layer 110 includes a first emitter portion and a second emitter portion by doping impurities on the substrate 100.
- the composition for forming a solar cell electrode is precisely aligned on a second emitter part which is a high concentration doping part.
- the front electrode 130 may be formed by baking after aligned printing.
- the rear surface of the substrate 100 may include a rear electrode 150, and may further include a back surface field (BSF) layer 140.
- BSF back surface field
- a doping paste (Honeywell, Inc.) containing a Group 5 element P on one surface of the p-type semiconductor substrate is first doped to a thickness of 5 ⁇ m using a poly 380 mesh to be spaced apart from the electrode pattern portion and the electrode pattern portion.
- Printed alignment marks The printed substrate was dried by heat treatment at 300 ° C. for 5 minutes.
- the dried substrate was second doped onto the front surface of the first doped substrate by injecting POCl 3 gas in a 850 ° C. diffusion furnace.
- the electrode pattern portion and the align mark are formed as the second emitter portion, and the substrate region except the electrode pattern portion and the align mark is formed as the first emitter portion, thereby producing a selective emitter.
- the substrate was removed with PSG (phosphersilicate glass) on the surface of the substrate by HF, and then SiN-coated on the surface by PECVD to form an antireflection film. Dried at to form a back electrode.
- PSG phosphersilicate glass
- a solar cell including a selective emitter was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the electrode was printed using the wafer edge without forming an alignment mark, and the physical properties thereof are shown in Table 1 below.
- Example 1 which is aligned and printed using the alignment mark of the present invention, has a higher concentration doping portion on the emitter, which is more selective than that of Comparative Example 1, wherein the electrode is printed using the wafer edge without forming an alignment mark. It can be seen that the fill factor and the conversion efficiency are excellent due to the excellent matching of printed electrode lines.
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Abstract
Description
Isc(A) | Voc(mV) | Rs(ohm) | Rsh(ohm) | FF(%) | Eff(%) | |
실시예 1 | 5.83 | 627 | 0.0049 | 22.75 | 78.44 | 18.56 |
비교예 1 | 5.82 | 622 | 0.0078 | 20.02 | 77.11 | 18.07 |
Claims (17)
- 기판의 일면(一面)에 국부적으로 불순물을 제1 도핑하여 전극패턴부 및 얼라인 마크를 형성하는 단계;상기 제1 도핑된 기판 전면(全面)에 불순물을 제2 도핑하는 단계;를 포함하고,상기 제1 도핑과 제2 도핑에 의하여, 상기 얼라인 마크는 제1 에미터부 또는 제2 에미터부로 형성되며, 상기 전극패턴부는 제2 에미터부로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 선택적 에미터를 포함하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제1 도핑은 도핑 페이스트를 기판에 인쇄하여 불순물을 주입하는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 제1 도핑 후 약 250℃ 내지 약 350℃에서 약 1분 내지 약 10분 간 열처리하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제2 도핑은 약 800℃ 내지 약 850℃의 퍼니스에서 가스 도핑으로 불순물을 주입하는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제1 에미터부는 상기 제2 에미터부보다 불순물 농도가 낮은 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 기판에 형성된 제2 에미터부의 도핑 두께는 상기 제1 에미터부의 도핑 두께보다 큰 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제1 도핑은 상기 전극패턴부와 상기 얼라인 마크가 이격되도록 도핑하며, 상기 제2 도핑에 의하여 상기 전극패턴부 및 상기 얼라인 마크가 제2 에미터부로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제1 도핑은 상기 전극패턴부에서 상기 얼라인 마크가 형성되는 영역만을 제외하고 도핑하며, 제2 도핑에 의하여 상기 얼라인 마크는 상기 전극패턴부에 국부적으로 형성된 제1 에미터부로, 상기 전극패턴부는 제2 에미터부로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전극패턴부는 1종 이상의 전극패턴을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 얼라인 마크의 개수는 1개 내지 6개인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제10항에 있어서, 상기 얼라인 마크의 개수가 2개, 4개 또는 6개이며, 배열된 얼라인 마크는 대칭구조를 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 얼라인 마크는 정형 또는 무정형이며, 직경이 약 0.2mm 내지 약 2mm인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 전극패턴부는 버스바 패턴 및 핑거바 패턴을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 기판은 p형 또는 n형 반도체 기판인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제14항에 있어서, 상기 기판이 p형 반도체 기판인 경우, 도핑되는 불순물은 5족 원소이고,상기 기판이 n형 반도체 기판인 경우, 도핑되는 불순물은 3족 원소인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제1항 내지 제15항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 얼라인 마크를 이용하여 태양전지 전극 형성용 조성물을 상기 전극패턴부 위에 정렬 인쇄(aligned printing)하는 단계; 및 소성 후 전면 전극을 형성하는 단계;를 더 포함하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제1항 내지 제16항 중 어느 한 항의 제조방법으로 제조된 태양전지.
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FR3018391B1 (fr) * | 2014-03-07 | 2016-04-01 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de realisation d’une cellule photovoltaique a dopage selectif |
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JP6821473B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-07 | 2021-01-27 | 株式会社アルバック | バックコンタクト型結晶系太陽電池の製造方法およびマスク |
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