WO2014189075A1 - 積層体 - Google Patents
積層体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014189075A1 WO2014189075A1 PCT/JP2014/063459 JP2014063459W WO2014189075A1 WO 2014189075 A1 WO2014189075 A1 WO 2014189075A1 JP 2014063459 W JP2014063459 W JP 2014063459W WO 2014189075 A1 WO2014189075 A1 WO 2014189075A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- active energy
- energy ray
- curable composition
- laminate
- fine concavo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
- G02B1/118—Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
- G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
- G02B5/0215—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures the surface having a regular structure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
- G02B5/0278—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in transmission
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/02—Synthetic macromolecular particles
- B32B2264/0214—Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2264/0228—Vinyl resin particles, e.g. polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol polymers or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers
- B32B2264/0235—Aromatic vinyl resin, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/02—Synthetic macromolecular particles
- B32B2264/0214—Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2264/025—Acrylic resin particles, e.g. polymethyl methacrylate or ethylene-acrylate copolymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
- B32B2264/102—Oxide or hydroxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/584—Scratch resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
- B32B2457/208—Touch screens
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laminate having a fine concavo-convex structure, and an antireflection article, a video apparatus, and a touch panel using the same.
- the refractive index of the material In order to lower the refractive index of the material, it is effective to introduce air into the material by some method.
- a fine uneven structure is formed on the film surface. How to do is widely known. According to this method, since the refractive index of the entire surface layer on which the fine concavo-convex structure is formed is determined by the volume ratio between air and the material forming the fine concavo-convex structure, the refractive index can be significantly reduced. become. As a result, the reflectance can be reduced even when the number of stacked layers is small.
- an antireflection film in which pyramidal convex portions are continuously formed on the entire film in an antireflection film formed on a glass substrate has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 2).
- the antireflection film in which pyramid-shaped convex portions (fine concavo-convex structure) are formed has a continuously changing cross-sectional area when cut in the film surface direction, and the substrate side from the air side Since the refractive index gradually increases toward, it is an effective antireflection means.
- the antireflection film exhibits excellent optical performance that cannot be replaced by other methods.
- the antireflection film having the fine uneven structure as described above has a uniform thickness in appearance.
- a technique for expressing a uniform thickness a technique for adding thixotropic properties by adding particles to a composition forming a surface layer is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- a laminate As a method for imparting scratch resistance, a laminate is characterized in that the fine protrusions are composed of particles and a composition having a spherical equivalent diameter of 10 to 50 nm, and the addition amount of the particles is 20 to 60% by weight.
- a body has been proposed (see Patent Document 2).
- An object of the present invention is to obtain a laminate having a uniform surface layer and excellent scratch resistance.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a laminate including a surface layer having a surface on which a fine concavo-convex structure is formed, the surface layer being a cured product of an active energy ray curable composition, and the active energy ray curable composition.
- the product is a laminate characterized by containing particles having an average particle diameter of 80% or more of the interval between adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure.
- One embodiment of the present invention is an antireflection article including the laminate.
- One embodiment of the present invention is an image display device (also referred to as a video device) including the laminate. *
- One embodiment of the present invention is a touch panel including the laminate.
- a laminate comprising a substrate and a surface layer laminated on the substrate,
- the surface layer has a fine concavo-convex structure formed on the surface opposite to the substrate side,
- the surface layer is a cured product obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable composition,
- the active energy ray-curable composition contains an active energy containing particles whose average particle diameter is 80% or more of the average interval when the average interval between adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure is 100%.
- a laminate which is a linear curable composition.
- [6] The occupancy ratio of the cross-sectional area when the convex portion of the fine concavo-convex structure is cut in a direction perpendicular to the height direction of the laminated body is the shape of the convex portion of the fine concavo-convex structure,
- the present invention it is possible to provide a laminate in which the surface layer has a uniform thickness. Moreover, according to this invention, the laminated body excellent in the abrasion resistance with respect to friction, such as cloth, can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of a laminate 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a laminate 10 has a structure in which a surface layer 12 made of a cured product obtained by curing an active energy ray-curable composition is laminated on a light-transmitting substrate 11.
- a fine concavo-convex structure is formed on the surface of the surface layer 12 (that is, the surface opposite to the surface where the surface layer 12 is in contact with the base material 11).
- the laminated body 10 it is preferable that a fine uneven structure is formed on the entire surface of the surface layer 12, but a structure in which a fine uneven structure is formed on a part of the surface of the surface layer 12 may be used. Moreover, when the laminated body 10 has a film shape, the surface layer in which the fine concavo-convex structure is formed on both surfaces of the substrate 11 may be laminated.
- the fine uneven structure on the surface of the surface layer is preferably formed using a stamper in which the fine uneven structure is formed by self-organization.
- the laminate according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a cured product obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable composition on the surface layer, and the active energy ray-curable composition has an average particle diameter on the surface of the surface layer.
- the average interval between adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure to be formed is 100%, particles that are 80% or more and 8000% or less of the average interval are included. Preferably it contains particles that are 2000% or less.
- thixotropy is imparted by the intermolecular interaction of the particles, and the active energy ray-curable composition can be coated on the substrate with a uniform film thickness, so that after the surface layer is cured A laminate having a uniform film thickness can be obtained.
- the average particle diameter of the particles contained in the active energy ray-curable composition is set to 80 between the adjacent convex portions of the fine uneven structure formed by curing the active energy ray-curable composition.
- the “uniform film thickness” in the “laminated body having a uniform film thickness” here means the thickness of the surface layer (that is, the convexity of the fine concavo-convex structure formed on the surface of the surface layer) at any five locations in the laminated body.
- the vertical distance from the top of the part to the interface between the surface layer and the base material) is measured, and the thickness of each measured value is 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the film thickness of the surface layer is preferably 1 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the term “thixotropic property” as used herein refers to a property in which the viscosity changes with time, and when the stress is applied, the viscosity decreases.
- the particles contained in the surface layer made of a cured product obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable composition are not particularly limited, but silica (SiO 2 ) or titanium oxide (TiO 2).
- Inorganic particles made of); organic particles made of polymers made of methyl methacrylate or styrene as raw materials are preferably used.
- inorganic particles made of silica (SiO 2 ) organic particles made of a polymer using methyl methacrylate or styrene as a raw material are preferably used.
- the size of the particles contained in the surface layer is such that the average particle size is the average distance between adjacent protrusions in the fine uneven structure formed on the surface of the surface layer.
- the average interval is 100%, the average interval is 80% or more and 8000% or less.
- the average particle diameter is 100% when the average interval between adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure is 100%. More preferably, the average particle diameter is 100 to 300% of the average interval when the average interval between adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure is 100%.
- the average particle size is 80% or more of the average interval, thereby suppressing the entry of particles into the convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure.
- the scratch resistance of the laminate is improved.
- the average particle diameter is 100% of the average interval between adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure, the penetration of particles into the convex portion is further suppressed by setting the average interval to 100% or more, The scratch resistance of the laminate is further improved.
- the average particle diameter is defined as 100% of the average interval between adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure
- the dispersibility of the particles in the composition and the surface layer after curing are set to 300% or less.
- Light transmittance is improved.
- the average interval between adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure means an average value of the shortest distances between vertices of adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure formed on the surface layer.
- the average interval between adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure is preferably 25 nm or more and 400 nm or less, and more preferably 100 nm or more and 250 nm or less.
- the “average particle size” in the present invention means a particle size at an integrated value of 50% in the particle size distribution obtained by a laser analysis / scattering method. Further, although not particularly limited in the present invention, the difference between the particle diameter at the 10% equivalent value and the particle diameter at the 90% equivalent value is small, and the smaller the variation in the particle diameter, the smaller the particle penetration. Thus, the dispersibility in the active energy ray-curable composition and the light transmittance of the surface layer obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable composition are improved. More specifically, it is preferable that the difference between the particle diameter at 10% converted value and the particle diameter at 90% converted value is 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle size is preferably 80 to 2200 nm, more preferably 100 to 2000 nm, and still more preferably 200 to 500 nm.
- a laminated body which is one embodiment of this application, it is a laminated body including a base material and a surface layer laminated on the base material, and the surface layer is on a surface opposite to the base material side.
- a fine concavo-convex structure is formed, and the surface layer is a cured product obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable composition, and the active energy ray-curable composition contains particles having an average particle diameter of 80 to 2200 nm.
- a laminate having an average interval between adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure of 100 to 250 nm.
- Such particles include SO-E1 (trade name, average particle size 250 nm, manufactured by Admatechs), SO-E2 (trade name, average particle size 500 nm, manufactured by Admatechs), SO-E3 ( Product name, average particle diameter 1000 nm, manufactured by Admatechs), SO-E5 (trade name, average particle diameter 1500 nm, manufactured by Admatechs), SO-E6 (trade name, average particle diameter 2000 nm, manufactured by Admatechs), Silica particles such as ST-41 (trade name, average particle size 200 nm, manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.), etc .; XX-119B (trade name, average particle size 270 nm, manufactured by Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.), SSX -101 (trade name, average particle size 220 nm, manufactured by Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.), XX-109B (trade name, average particle size 380 nm, manufactured by Sekisui Plastic
- the silica particles contained in the surface layer preferably have a reactive group, and more preferably have a (meth) acryl group from the viewpoint of curability with the active energy ray-curable composition described later.
- a reactive group for example, surface treatment with a silane compound represented by the following formula can be mentioned.
- SiR 1 a R 2 b (OR 3 ) c (In the above formula, R 1 and R 2 each independently represents a hydrocarbon residue having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have an ether bond, an ester bond, an epoxy bond or a carbon-carbon double bond.
- Such a silane compound is preferably used in a proportion of 0 to 3 mole parts relative to 1 mole part of the solid content of the silica particles.
- the amount of the silane compound used exceeds 3 mol parts, the hardness and abrasion resistance of the laminate may be lowered.
- Silica particles surface-treated with a silane compound can be obtained by heating and stirring the silane compound and silica particles in the presence of a small amount of water.
- silica particles dispersed in water and an organic solvent are mixed with the active energy ray-curable composition before curing, and the dispersion medium is distilled off. Any method such as a method can be selected.
- the content of the particles is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 70 parts by mass, more preferably 30 to 70 parts by mass when the active energy ray-curable composition is 100 parts by mass. If the amount is 1 part by mass or more, the active energy ray-curable composition is imparted with thixotropy, and the thickness of the surface layer after curing becomes uniform. If the amount is 70 parts by mass or less, the active energy ray-curable composition of the particles is obtained. The dispersibility of is improved. Moreover, if it is 30 mass parts or more, the hardness after hardening of an active energy ray curable composition will fully go up, and scratch resistance will become favorable.
- the surface layer is a cured product of an active energy ray-curable line composition
- the active energy ray-curable composition is not particularly limited, but is curable by an active energy ray.
- the total amount of polymerizable components in the active energy ray-curable composition is 100 parts by mass, 3 It is preferable to contain 10 to 60 parts by mass of a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (A) having a functionality or higher, and 40 to 90 parts by mass of a bifunctional polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (B).
- trifunctional or higher polyfunctional (meth) acrylate As trifunctional or higher polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (A), pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane ethylene oxide modified tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane propylene oxide
- Trifunctional monomers such as modified triacrylate, trimethylolpropane ethylene oxide modified triacrylate, isocyanuric acid ethylene oxide modified tri (meth) acrylate; condensation reaction mixture of succinic acid / trimethylolethane / acrylic acid; dipentaerystol hexa ( (Meth) acrylate, dipentaerystol penta (meth) acrylate, ditrimethylolpropane tetraacrylate, tetramethylolmethanetetra (meth) acrylate Multifunctional monomers and the like of the rates. These may be used alone or in
- bifunctional (meth) acrylate (B) examples include ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tripropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, isocyanuric acid ethylene oxide modified di (meth) acrylate, and triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate.
- the trifunctional or higher polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (A) is preferably 10 to 60 parts by mass when the total of the polymerizable components in the active energy ray-curable composition is 100 parts by mass.
- the content of the trifunctional or higher polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (A) is 10 parts by mass or more, a sufficient elastic modulus is imparted to the convex part of the fine concavo-convex structure, and the convex part can be prevented from being united.
- the content of the trifunctional or higher polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (A) is 60 parts by mass or less, sufficient flexibility is imparted to the convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure, and the scratch resistance is improved.
- the bifunctional (meth) acrylate (B) is preferably 40 to 90 parts by mass when the total amount of polymerizable components in the active energy ray-curable composition is 100 parts by mass. If content of bifunctional (meth) acrylate (A) is 40 mass parts or more, sufficient softness
- the active energy ray-curable composition has a trifunctional or higher polyfunctional (meth) acrylate (A) content when the total amount of polymerizable components in the active energy ray-curable composition is 100 parts by mass. Is 10 parts by mass or more and 60 parts by mass or less, and the content of the bifunctional (meth) acrylate (A) is preferably 40 parts by mass or more and 90 parts by mass or less.
- the active energy ray-curable composition can also contain viscosity modifiers such as acryloylmorpholine and vinylpyrrolidone; adhesion improvers such as acryloyl isocyanates that improve adhesion to light-transmitting substrates. .
- the amount of the component added is preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the active energy ray-curable composition.
- a polymer (oligomer) having a low polymerization degree obtained by polymerizing one or more monofunctional monomers may be added to the active energy ray-curable composition.
- a polymer having a low degree of polymerization include monofunctional (meth) acrylates having a polyethylene glycol chain in an ester group (for example, “M-230G” (trade name), Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd. And 40/60 copolymerized oligomers of methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium methyl sulfate (for example, “MG polymer” (trade name) manufactured by MRC Unitech Co., Ltd.).
- the active energy ray-curable composition may contain an antistatic agent, a release agent, an ultraviolet absorber, and the like in addition to the above-mentioned various monomers and polymers having a low polymerization degree.
- the active energy ray-curable composition may contain a release agent.
- a release agent When a release agent is contained in the active energy ray curable composition, good release properties can be maintained when the laminate is continuously produced.
- the mold release agent include (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate compounds.
- the release agent is easily adsorbed on the surface of the mold due to the interaction between the (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate compound and alumina.
- the (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate compound may be produced by a known method, or a commercially available product may be used.
- Commercially available products include, for example, “JP-506H” (trade name) manufactured by Johoku Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., “Mold With INT-1856” (trade name) manufactured by Accel Corporation, and “TDP-10” manufactured by Nikko Chemicals Corporation. ”,“ TDP-8 ”,“ TDP-6 ”,“ TDP-2 ”,“ DDP-10 ”,“ DDP-8 ”,“ DDP-6 ”,“ DDP-4 ”,“ DDP-2 ”, “TLP-4”, “TCP-5”, “DLP-10” (all are trade names), and the like.
- the release agent contained in the active energy ray-curable composition may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the release agent contained in the active energy ray-curable composition is 0.01 to 2.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable component in the active energy ray-curable composition. Preferably, the amount is 0.05 to 0.2 parts by mass. If content of a mold release agent is 0.01 mass part or more, the mold release property from the mold of the articles
- the average value (average interval) w1 of the shortest distances between the leading ends of adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure is not more than the wavelength of visible light, and more preferably not less than 100 nm and not more than 250 nm. preferable.
- the thickness is set to 100 nm or more, it is possible to effectively prevent protrusions between the protrusions.
- it By setting it to 250 nm or less, since it becomes sufficiently smaller than the wavelength of visible light, scattering of visible light is effectively suppressed, and excellent antireflection properties are easily imparted.
- visible wavelength means a wavelength of 400 nm.
- the average height d1 of the convex portion 13 (for example, the average value of d1 shown in FIG. 1) is preferably 100 nm or more and 400 nm or less, and more preferably 150 nm or more and 250 nm or less.
- the height d1 is preferably 100 nm or more, it is possible to prevent an increase in the minimum reflectance and an increase in the reflectance at a specific wavelength, and it becomes easy to impart good antireflection properties.
- the aspect ratio (the average height d1 of the protrusions 13 / the average interval w1 between adjacent protrusions) is preferably 0.5 to 5.0, more preferably 0.6 to 2.0. 0.8 to 1.2 is more preferable.
- the aspect ratio is 0.5 or more, an increase in the minimum reflectance and an increase in the reflectance at a specific wavelength can be suppressed, and good antireflection properties are exhibited.
- the aspect ratio is 5.0 or less, the convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure are not easily broken when the surface layer is rubbed, so that good scratch resistance and antireflection properties are exhibited.
- the “average value of the shortest distance between the most advanced portions of the convex portions (average interval)” means, for example, the shortest distance between the most advanced portions between adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure by electron microscope observation. Is measured at an arbitrary 10 points, and means a value obtained by averaging these values.
- the “average height of the convex portion” means the vertical direction from the most distal portion 13a of the convex portion 13 to the bottommost portion 14a of the adjacent concave portion 14 as shown in FIG. The distance in the direction is measured at an arbitrary 10 points, and means a value obtained by averaging these values.
- FIG. 1 A cross-sectional area when the convex portion 13 is cut along a plane parallel to the film surface, such as a substantially conical shape as shown in FIG. 2 or a bell shape as shown in FIG. 2 (that is, a direction orthogonal to the height direction of the laminate) It is preferable that the occupancy ratio of the cross-sectional area of the cut surface cut in (2) continuously increases from the tip end side of the convex portion of the fine concavo-convex structure toward the substrate side.
- a plurality of finer convex portions may be combined to form the fine concavo-convex structure.
- the elastic modulus of the surface of the fine concavo-convex structure that is, the indentation elastic modulus of the surface layer is preferably 30 MPa or more and 500 MPa or less, and more preferably 50 to 100 MPa.
- the indentation elastic modulus of the surface layer is 30 MPa or more, the fine concavo-convex structure is sufficiently hard, so that it is possible to effectively prevent the protrusions from being united.
- the indentation elastic modulus of the surface layer is 500 MPa or less, since the fine uneven structure is soft, dirt that has entered the recess can be pushed out.
- the “indentation elastic modulus of the surface layer” means a value measured by the following method. That is, a transparent glass plate (“Large slide glass, product number: S9112”, 76 mm ⁇ 52 mm size, manufactured by Matsunami Glass Industry Co., Ltd.) is pasted on the surface of the base material side of the structure via an optical adhesive. Samples were measured using a microindentation hardness tester (device name: Fischerscope HM2000XYp, manufactured by Fischer Instruments).
- the indenter was a Vickers indenter (four-sided diamond cone), and the evaluation was performed in a constant temperature room (temperature 23 ° C., humidity 50% RH).
- the evaluation program is [Indentation (1 mN / s, 5 seconds) ⁇ [Creep (1 mN, 10 seconds)] ⁇ [Unloading (1 mN / s, 5 seconds)], and analysis software (WIN-HCU, manufactured by Fisher Instruments) The value obtained by the above was used as the indentation elastic modulus of the surface layer.
- the method for forming the fine concavo-convex structure on the surface of the laminate is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of injection molding or press molding using a stamper on which the fine concavo-convex structure is formed.
- a method for forming a fine concavo-convex structure for example, an active energy ray-curable composition is filled between a stamper on which a fine concavo-convex structure is formed and a light transmissive substrate, and the active energy ray is irradiated by active energy ray irradiation
- the curable composition is cured to transfer the uneven shape of the stamper and then released from the stamper.
- the method may further include adding particles to the active energy ray-curable composition to obtain an active energy ray-curable composition containing the particles. That is, as a method for forming a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface of the laminate, an active energy ray-curable composition is filled between a stamper on which a fine concavo-convex structure is formed and a light-transmitting substrate, Irradiating the energy ray-curable composition with active energy rays, curing the active energy ray-curable composition by irradiation with the active energy rays to transfer the uneven shape of the stamper, and forming the uneven shape of the stamper A method including releasing the transferred cured product and the light-transmitting substrate from the stamper.
- the method may further include adding particles to the active energy ray-curable composition to obtain an active energy ray-curable composition containing the particles. Further, as a method for forming a fine relief structure on the surface of the laminate, an active energy ray curable composition is filled between a stamper having a fine relief structure and a light-transmitting substrate, and the active energy ray curable property is obtained. There is also a method in which the uneven shape of the stamper is transferred to the composition and then released, and then the active energy ray-curable composition is cured by irradiating the active energy ray. The method may further include adding particles to the active energy ray-curable composition to obtain an active energy ray-curable composition containing the particles.
- an active energy ray-curable composition is filled between a stamper having a fine concavo-convex structure and a light-transmitting substrate, and the filled active energy is Transfer the fine uneven shape of the stamper to the linear curable composition, release the active energy ray-curable composition to which the fine uneven shape has been transferred from the stamper, and irradiate the active energy ray to release the release energy.
- a method comprising curing a molded active energy ray curable composition is also included. The method may further include adding particles to the active energy ray-curable composition to obtain an active energy ray-curable composition containing the particles.
- the active energy ray-curable composition is filled between the stamper on which the fine concavo-convex structure is formed and the light-transmitting substrate, and the active energy
- a method is preferably used in which the active energy ray-curable composition is cured by beam irradiation to transfer the uneven shape of the stamper and then released.
- the method may further include adding particles to the active energy ray-curable composition to obtain an active energy ray-curable composition containing the particles.
- an active energy ray-curable composition is filled between a stamper on which a fine concavo-convex structure is formed and a light-transmitting substrate, Irradiating the energy ray-curable composition with active energy rays, curing the active energy ray-curable composition by irradiation with the active energy rays to transfer the uneven shape of the stamper, and forming the uneven shape of the stamper
- a method including releasing the transferred cured product and the light-transmitting substrate from the stamper is preferable.
- the method may further include adding particles to the active energy ray-curable composition to obtain an active energy ray-curable composition containing the particles.
- the substrate is not particularly limited, but is preferably a light transmissive substrate.
- the light-transmitting substrate is not particularly limited as long as it is a substrate that transmits light.
- Examples of the material for the light transmitting substrate include methyl methacrylate (co) polymer, polycarbonate, styrene (co) polymer, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer, cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, polyester, Examples include polyamide, polyimide, polyether sulfone, polysulfone, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetal, polyether ketone, polyurethane, glass, and crystal. Among these, methyl methacrylate (co) polymer, polycarbonate, cellulose triacetate, and polyester are preferable.
- the light transmissive substrate may be produced by any method of injection molding, extrusion molding, or cast molding.
- the shape of the light-transmitting substrate is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the application.
- the application is an antireflection film
- it is preferably a sheet or a film.
- the surface of the light-transmitting substrate is subjected to various coatings and corona discharge treatment, for example. It may be.
- the “sheet shape” means a plate shape of 0.25 mm or more
- the “film shape” means a film shape of less than 0.25 mm.
- the method for producing the stamper on which the fine concavo-convex structure is formed is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an electron beam lithography method and a laser beam interference method.
- an appropriate photoresist film on an appropriate support substrate After applying an appropriate photoresist film on an appropriate support substrate, exposure is performed using light such as an ultraviolet laser, an electron beam, or X-ray, followed by development to form a mold having a fine concavo-convex structure. .
- This mold can also be used as a stamper. It is also possible to form a fine concavo-convex structure directly on the support substrate itself by selectively etching the support substrate through dry etching through the photoresist layer and then removing the photoresist layer.
- anodized porous alumina can be used as a stamper.
- an alumina nanohole array obtained by a method of anodizing aluminum at a predetermined voltage in an electrolyte such as oxalic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, etc. is used as a stamper. May be. According to this method, after anodizing high-purity aluminum for a long time at a constant voltage, pores having very high regularity can be formed in a self-organizing manner by once removing the oxide film and anodizing again. .
- a replica mold may be produced from an original mold having a fine concavo-convex structure by electroforming or the like and used as a stamper.
- the shape of the stamper thus produced is not particularly limited, but it may be a flat plate shape or a roll shape, but from the viewpoint of continuously transferring the fine concavo-convex structure to the active energy ray curable composition, A roll shape is preferred.
- An active energy ray-curable composition includes a monomer having at least one bond selected from the group consisting of a radical polymerizable bond and a cationic polymerizable bond in the molecule, and a low polymerization degree.
- a polymer and a reactive polymer can be included as appropriate.
- an active energy ray curable composition can be hardened
- the active energy ray-curable composition may contain a non-reactive polymer.
- active energy ray used for curing the active energy ray-curable composition include visible light, ultraviolet light, electron beam, plasma, and infrared light.
- the irradiation of the active energy ray is performed using, for example, a high-pressure mercury lamp.
- Cumulative irradiation energy amount is not particularly limited as long as the amount of energy curing progresses in the active energy ray-curable composition, for example, preferably 100 ⁇ 5000mJ / cm 2, more preferably 200 ⁇ 4000mJ / cm 2, More preferably, it is 400-3200 mJ / cm 2 . Since the integrated light irradiation amount of the active energy ray may affect the degree of curing of the active energy ray-curable composition, it is desirable to appropriately select and irradiate the light.
- the polymerization initiator (photopolymerization initiator) used for curing (photocuring) the active energy ray-curable composition is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 2,2-diethoxyacetoxyphenone, p-dimethylacetophenone, 1-hydroxydimethylphenyl ketone, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-methyl-4-methylthio-2-morpholinopropiophenone, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) butanone
- Benzophenones such as benzoin methyl ether, benzoin toluene sulfonate, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether; benzophenone, 2,4-dichlorobenzophenone, 4,4-dichlorobenzofe Benzophenones such as benzene, p-chlorobenzophenone, phosphin
- acetophenones and phosphine oxides are preferable.
- These photopolymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the addition amount of the photopolymerization initiator is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight.
- the active energy ray-curable composition may be cured by using both photocuring and heat curing.
- the thermal polymerization initiator to be added when thermosetting is used is not particularly limited.
- the laminate according to one embodiment of the present invention includes, for example, an antireflection film (including an antireflection film) and an antireflection article such as an antireflection body, an image display device (video device), a touch panel, an optical waveguide, a relief hologram, It can be used for optical articles such as solar cells, lenses, polarized light separating elements, organic electroluminescence light extraction rate improving members, and cell culture sheets.
- the laminate as an embodiment of the present invention is particularly suitable for use as an antireflection article such as an antireflection film (including an antireflection film) or an antireflection body.
- the laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention is a laminate including a surface layer having a uniform film thickness, and has good scratch resistance. If installed on the outermost surface of an image display device, a touch panel, etc., the appearance is good when in use, and good antireflection performance with excellent durability can be exhibited.
- an image display device such as a liquid crystal display device, a plasma display panel, an electroluminescence display, or a cathode tube display device; a lens; a show window; an automobile meter cover; Used by sticking to the surface of the object.
- a laminate can be produced in advance using a light-transmitting substrate having a shape suitable for the application, and this can be used as a member constituting the surface of the object.
- the object is an image display device
- an antireflection article may be attached to the front plate, or the front plate itself is composed of the laminate of the present invention. You can also.
- a laminate comprising a substrate and a surface layer laminated on the substrate,
- the surface layer has a fine concavo-convex structure formed on the surface opposite to the substrate side
- the surface layer is a cured product obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable composition
- the active energy ray-curable composition contains particles that are 80% or more of the average interval when the average particle size is 100% of the average interval between adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure
- a laminate in which the particles are at least one selected from the group consisting of silica (SiO 2 ), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), and a polymer including at least one selected from the group consisting of methyl methacrylate and styrene.
- Body A laminate comprising a substrate and a surface layer laminated on the substrate,
- the surface layer has a fine concavo-convex structure formed on the surface opposite to the substrate side
- the surface layer is a cured product obtained by curing the active energy ray
- a laminate comprising a substrate and a surface layer laminated on the substrate,
- the surface layer has a fine concavo-convex structure formed on the surface opposite to the substrate side
- the surface layer is a cured product obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable composition
- the active energy ray-curable composition contains particles that are 80% or more of the average interval when the average particle size is 100% of the average interval between adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure,
- the particles are at least one selected from the group consisting of silica (SiO 2 ), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), and a polymer comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of methyl methacrylate and styrene; Examples thereof include a laminate having a particle content of 1 to 70 parts by mass when the active energy ray-curable composition is 100 parts by mass.
- a laminate comprising a substrate and a surface layer laminated on the substrate,
- the surface layer has a fine concavo-convex structure formed on the surface opposite to the substrate side,
- the surface layer is a cured product obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable composition
- the active energy ray-curable composition contains particles that are 80% or more of the average interval when the average particle size is 100% of the average interval between adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure,
- the particles are at least one selected from the group consisting of silica (SiO 2 ), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), and a polymer comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of methyl methacrylate and styrene;
- the content of the particles is 1 to 70 parts by mass when the active energy ray-curable composition is 100 parts by mass, In the active energy ray-curable composition, when the total amount of polymerizable components of the active energy ray-curable composition is 100 parts by mass, the
- aqueous solution in which 6% by mass of phosphoric acid and 1.8% by mass of chromic acid were mixed, and the oxide film was dissolved and removed.
- the aluminum base material from which the oxide film was dissolved and removed was immersed in a 0.05 M oxalic acid aqueous solution adjusted to 16 ° C. and anodized at 80 V for 5 seconds. Subsequently, the aluminum base material was immersed in a 5% by mass phosphoric acid aqueous solution adjusted to 32 ° C. for 20 minutes, and subjected to a pore diameter enlargement treatment for enlarging the pores of the oxide film. In this way, the anodizing treatment and the pore diameter enlargement treatment were repeated alternately.
- the anodization treatment and the pore diameter enlargement treatment were each performed 5 times.
- the obtained stamper was immersed in a 0.1% by weight aqueous solution of TDP-8 (manufactured by Nikko Chemicals Co., Ltd.) for 10 minutes, and then pulled up and dried overnight to perform a mold release treatment.
- the active energy ray-curable composition was photocured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the film side with an energy of an integrated light irradiation amount of 1000 mJ / cm 2 .
- FTTD80ULM triacetyl cellulose film
- FIG. 1 a laminate having a fine concavo-convex structure in which the average interval w1 between adjacent convex portions is 180 nm and the average height d1 of the convex portions is 150 nm was obtained.
- SO-E1 (trade name, silica particles, average particle size 250 nm, manufactured by Admatechs)
- SO-E2 (trade name, silica particles, average particle diameter 500 nm, manufactured by Admatechs)
- SO-E3 (trade name, silica particles, average particle diameter 1000 nm, manufactured by Admatechs)
- SO-E5 (trade name, silica particles, average particle size 1500 nm, manufactured by Admatechs)
- SO-E6 (trade name, silica particles, average particle size 2000 nm, manufactured by Admatechs)
- AEROSIL300 (trade name, silica particles, average particle diameter 7 nm, manufactured by Aerosil) ST-41: (trade name, titanium oxide particles, average particle size 200 nm, manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.)
- XX-119B (trade name, polymer particles, average particle size 270 nm, manufactured by Sekisui Plastics Co.
- Examples 2 to 14 A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition was changed to the composition shown in Table 1. The results are shown in Table 1. In the laminates obtained in Examples 2 to 14, the surface layer thickness uniformity and scratch resistance were good.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 3 A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition was changed to the composition shown in Table 1. The results are shown in Table 1. Since Comparative Example 1 did not contain particles, the uniformity of the surface layer thickness was poor. In Comparative Examples 2 and 3, since the average particle diameter of the particles was less than 80% of the interval between adjacent convex portions of the fine concavo-convex structure, the scratch resistance was poor due to the penetration of the particles into the convex portions.
- the laminate according to one embodiment of the present invention has a good appearance and excellent scratch resistance while maintaining excellent optical performance. Therefore, various displays such as televisions, mobile phones, and portable game machines, touch panels, etc. Since it can be used for showcases, exterior covers, etc., it is extremely useful industrially.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2013年5月21日に、日本に出願された特願2013-106734号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
本発明は、表層が均一な膜厚を有し、且つ耐擦傷性にも優れる積層体を得ることを課題とする。
[1] 基材と、前記基材上に積層された表層を含む積層体であって、
前記表層は、前記基材側とは反対側の表面に微細凹凸構造が形成されており、
前記表層は、活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を硬化させた硬化物であり、
前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物が、平均粒子径が、前記微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔を100%としたとき、前記平均間隔の80%以上である粒子を含有する活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物である積層体。
[2]前記平均粒子径が、前記微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔を100%としたとき、前記平均間隔の100~1200%である[1]に記載の積層体。
[3]前記微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔が25nm以上、400nm以下である[1]に記載の積層体。
[4]前前記平均粒子径が80~2200nmであり、前記隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔が100~250nmである[1]に記載の積層体。
[5]前記粒子が、シリカ(SiO2)、酸化チタン(TiO2)、並びにメタクリル酸メチル及びスチレンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含むポリマー、からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つである[1]~[4]に記載の積層体。
[6]前記微細凹凸構造の凸部の形状が、前記積層体の高さ方向と直交する方向で前記微細凹凸構造の凸部を切断したときの断面積の占有率が、前記微細凹凸構造の凸部の先端部側から基材側に向かって連続的に増大するような構造である[1]~[1]~[4]に記載の積層体。
[7]前記粒子の含有量が、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物100質量部に対し、1~70質量部である、[1]~[6]に記載の積層体。
[8]前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物が、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物の重合性成分の合計量を100質量部としたとき、3官能以上の多官能(メタ)アクリレートの含有量が10質量部以上、60質量部以下であり、2官能(メタ)アクリレートの含有量が40質量部以上、90質量部以下である、[1]~[7]に記載の積層体。
[9][1]に記載の積層体を含む反射防止物品。
[10][1]に記載の積層体を含む映像装置。
[11][1]に記載の積層体を含むタッチパネル。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態である積層体10の構成の一例を示す模式的断面図である。図1において、積層体10は、光透過性を有する基材11上に活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を硬化させた硬化物からなる表層12が積層された構造である。積層体10において、表層12の表面(即ち、表層12が、基材11と接する面とは反対側の面)に微細凹凸構造が形成されている。
表層表面の微細凹凸構造は、自己組織化によって微細凹凸構造が形成されたスタンパを用いて形成されることが好ましい。
なおここでいう「均一な膜厚を有する積層体」における「均一な膜厚」とは、積層体における任意の5ヵ所において、表層の厚み(即ち、表層表面に形成された微細凹凸構造の凸部の頂点から表層と基材との界面までの垂直距離)を測定し、測定した各値の偏差が1μm以下である膜厚を意味する。
表層の膜厚としては、1~50μmであることが好ましく、2~10μmであることがより好ましい。表面の硬度が必要とされる場合には、可撓性に問題が生じない程度に厚くすることが好ましい。光学的な透過率をより高くしたりヘイズを低くする必要がある場合には、膜厚の均一性を損なわない程度に薄くすることが好ましい。
ここでいう「チキソトロピー性」とは、粘度が時間経過とともに変化する性質であり、応力を加えると粘度が低下するが、静止すると粘度が上昇して固体状となる性質のことである。
良好な光透過性を得るうえでは、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を硬化した状態での屈折率と粒子の屈折率とが近いことが望ましく、その観点からシリカ(SiO2)からなる無機粒子や、メタクリル酸メチルやスチレンを原料とするポリマーからなる有機粒子等が好適に用いられる。
平均粒子径を、前記微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔を100%としたとき、この平均間隔の80%以上とすることで、微細凹凸構造の凸部への粒子の侵入が抑制され、積層体の耐擦傷性が良好となる。また、平均粒子径を前記微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔を100%としたとき、この平均間隔の100%以上とすることで、凸部への粒子の侵入がさらに抑制され、積層体の耐擦傷性がさらに良好となる。平均粒子径を前記微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔を100%としたとき、この平均間隔の300%以下とすることで、粒子の組成物への分散性や硬化後の表層の光透過性が良好となる。
なお、ここでいう「微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔」とは、表層に形成される微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部の頂点同士の最短距離の平均値を意味する。
微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔は、25nm以上、400nm以下であることが好ましく、100nm以上、250nm以下であることがより好ましい。
平均粒子径は、80~2200nmであることが好ましく、100~2000nmであることがより好ましく、200~500nmであることが更に好ましい。
また、本願の一実施形態である積層体としては、基材と、前記基材上に積層された表層を含む積層体であって、前記表層は、前記基材側とは反対側の表面に微細凹凸構造が形成されており、前記表層は、活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を硬化させた硬化物であり、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物は、平均粒子径がが80~2200nmの粒子を含み、前記微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔が100~250nmである積層体、が挙げられる。
SiR 1 a R2 b (OR3)c
(上式中、R 1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して、エーテル結合、エステル結合、エポキシ結合又は炭素-炭素二重結合を有していてもよい炭素数1~10の炭化水素残基を表し;R3は水素原子、又はエーテル結合、エステル結合、エポキシ結合もしくは炭素-炭素二重結合を有していてもよい炭素数1~10の炭化水素残基を表し;a及びbは、それぞれ、0又は1~3の整数であり、cは1~4の整数であり;但し、a+b+c=4である。)
即ち、活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物は、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物中の重合性成分の合計を100質量部としたとき、3官能以上の多官能(メタ)アクリレート(A)の含有量が10質量部以上、60質量部以下であり、2官能の(メタ)アクリレート(A)の含有量が40質量部以上、90質量部以下であることが好ましい。
前記成分の添加量としては、活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物100質量部に対し、0.1~30質量部が好ましい。
市販品としては、例えば、城北化学工業株式会社製の「JP-506H」(商品名)、アクセル社製の「モールドウイズINT-1856」(商品名)、日光ケミカルズ株式会社製の「TDP-10」、「TDP-8」、「TDP-6」、「TDP-2」、「DDP-10」、「DDP-8」、「DDP-6」、「DDP-4」、「DDP-2」、「TLP-4」、「TCP-5」、「DLP-10」(いずれも商品名)等が挙げられる。
なお、本発明において「凸部の平均高さ」とは、電子顕微鏡観察によって、例えば、図1に示すように、凸部13の最先端部13aから隣接する凹部14の最底部14aまでの垂直方向の距離を、任意の10点で測定し、これらの値を平均した値を意味する。
また、微細凹凸構造の凸部13の形状は、特に限定されないが、連続的に屈折率を増大させて低反射率と低波長依存性を両立させた反射防止機能を得るために、図1に示すような略円錐形状や図2に示すような釣鐘形状等のような、膜面と平行な面で凸部13を切断した時の断面積(即ち、積層体の高さ方向と直交する方向で切断した切断面の断面積)の占有率が、微細凹凸構造の凸部の先端部側から基材側に向かって連続的に増大するような構造であることが好ましい。また、より微細な凸部が複数突起合一して上記の微細凹凸構造を形成していてもよい。
なお、ここでいう「表層の押込弾性率」とは、次のような方法によって測定した値を意味する。すなわち、構造体の基材側の表面に、光学粘着剤を介して透明なガラス板(松浪硝子工業株式会社製「大型スライドグラス、品番:S9112」、76mm×52mmサイズ)を貼り付けてこれをサンプルとし、微小押し込み硬さ試験機(装置名:フィッシャースコープHM2000XYp、フィッシャーインスツルメンツ社製)を用いて測定した。圧子はビッカース圧子(四面ダイアモンド錐体)を用い、評価は恒温室(温度23℃、湿度50%RH)で行った。評価プログラムは[押し込み(1mN/s、5秒]→[クリープ(1mN、10秒)]→[徐荷(1mN/s、5秒)]とし、解析ソフト(WIN-HCU、フィッシャーインスツルメンツ社製)により得られた値を表層の押込弾性率とした。
即ち、積層体の表面に微細凹凸構造を形成する方法としては、微細凹凸構造が形成されたスタンパと光透過基材との間に活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を充填すること、前記充填した活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物に活性エネルギー線を照射すること、前記活性エネルギー線の照射により前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を硬化してスタンパの凹凸形状を転写すること、及び前記スタンパの凹凸形状を転写した硬化物と光透過基材を前記スタンパから離型すること、を含む方法が挙げられる。
前記方法は、更に活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物に粒子を添加して、粒子を含む活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を得ること、を含んでもよい。
また、積層体の表面に微細凹凸構造を形成する方法としては、微細凹凸構造が形成されたスタンパと光透過基材の間に活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を充填し、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物にスタンパの凹凸形状を転写した後離型し、その後に活性エネルギー線を照射して前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を硬化させる方法も挙げられる。前記方法は、更に活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物に粒子を添加して、粒子を含む活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を得ることを含んでもよい。
即ち、積層体の表面に微細凹凸構造を形成する方法としては、微細凹凸構造が形成されたスタンパと光透過基材の間に活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を充填すること、前記充填した活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物にスタンパの微細凹凸形状を転写すること、前記微細凹凸形状が転写された活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を前記スタンパから離型すること、及び活性エネルギー線を照射して前記離型した活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を硬化させること、を含む方法も挙げられる。
前記方法は、更に活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物に粒子を添加して、粒子を含む活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を得ることを含んでもよい。
これらの中でも、微細凹凸構造の転写性、及び表面組成の自由度を考慮すると、微細凹凸構造が形成されたスタンパと光透過基材の間に活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を充填し、活性エネルギー線照射にて前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を硬化して前記スタンパの凹凸形状を転写した後、離型する方法が好ましく用いられる。前記方法は、更に活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物に粒子を添加して、粒子を含む活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を得ることを含んでもよい。
即ち、積層体の表面に微細凹凸構造を形成する方法としては、微細凹凸構造が形成されたスタンパと光透過基材との間に活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を充填すること、前記充填した活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物に活性エネルギー線を照射すること、前記活性エネルギー線の照射により前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を硬化してスタンパの凹凸形状を転写すること、及び前記スタンパの凹凸形状を転写した硬化物と光透過基材をスタンパから離型すること、を含む方法が好ましい。前記方法は、更に活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物に粒子を添加して、粒子を含む活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を得ることを含んでもよい。
上記の中でも、メチルメタクリレート(共)重合体、ポリカーボネート、セルローストリアセテート、ポリエステルが好ましい。
光透過基材は、射出成形、押し出し成形、又はキャスト成形のいずれの方法によって作製してもよい。
なお、ここでいう「シート状」とは、0.25mm以上の板状であることを意味し、「フィルム状」とは、0.25mm未満の膜状であることを意味する。
これら熱重合開始剤は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
熱重合開始剤の添加量としては、0.1重量部~5重量部が好ましい。
本発明の一実施形態である積層体は、特に反射防止膜(反射防止フィルムを含む)や反射防止体等の反射防止物品としての用途に適している。
基材と、前記基材上に積層された表層を含む積層体であって、
前記表層は、前記基材側とは反対側の表面に微細凹凸構造が形成されており、
前記表層は、活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を硬化させた硬化物であり、
前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物が、平均粒子径が、前記微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔を100%としたとき、前記平均間隔の80%以上である粒子を含有し、
前記粒子が、シリカ(SiO2)、酸化チタン(TiO2)、並びにメタクリル酸メチル及びスチレンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含むポリマー、からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つである
積層体、が挙げられる。
基材と、前記基材上に積層された表層を含む積層体であって、
前記表層は、前記基材側とは反対側の表面に微細凹凸構造が形成されており、
前記表層は、活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を硬化させた硬化物であり、
前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物が、平均粒子径が、前記微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔を100%としたとき、前記平均間隔の80%以上である粒子を含有し、
前記粒子が、シリカ(SiO2)、酸化チタン(TiO2)、並びにメタクリル酸メチル及びスチレンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含むポリマー、からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つであり、
前記粒子の含有量が、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を100質量部としたとき、1~70質量部である
積層体、が挙げられる。
基材と、前記基材上に積層された表層を含む積層体であって、
前記表層は、前記基材側とは反対側の表面に微細凹凸構造が形成されており、
前記表層は、活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を硬化させた硬化物であり、
前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物が、平均粒子径が、前記微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔を100%としたとき、前記平均間隔の80%以上である粒子を含有し、
前記粒子が、シリカ(SiO2)、酸化チタン(TiO2)、並びにメタクリル酸メチル及びスチレンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含むポリマー、からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つであり、
前記粒子の含有量が、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を100質量部としたとき、1~70質量部であり、
前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物は、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物の重合性成分の合計量を100質量部としたとき、3官能以上の多官能(メタ)アクリレート(A)が10~60質量部、2官能の多官能(メタ)アクリレート(B)が40~90質量部である
積層体、が挙げられる。
(膜厚均一性の測定)
膜厚計(ミツトヨ社製、ABSデジマチックインジケーターID-F125)を用いて、積層体の任意の5点の表層の厚み(即ち、表層に形成された微細凹凸構造の凸部の最先端部から、表層と基材との界面までの垂直距離)を測定し、各値の偏差が1μm以下である場合をA、偏差が1μmを超える場合をBとした。
100g/cm2の圧力でケイドライ(日本製紙クレシア社製)にて表層を擦った際に、蛍光灯下で筋状の傷の有無を目視観察し、傷が確認されなかった場合をA、傷が確認された場合をBとした。
ヘーズメーターNDH200(日本電色社製)を用いて、JIS-K7136に準じて、ガラス板S9112(松浪硝子社製)に積層体を透明粘着剤(OPTERIA MO-3006C、リンテック社製)で貼り付けたサンプルのヘーズを測定した。ヘーズが10%未満のものをA、10%以上のものをBとした。
走査電子顕微鏡(日本電子社製、「JSM‐7400F」)を用いて、加速電圧3.00kVの条件で、スタンパ及び積層体の表面に形成された微細凹凸構造を観察した。なお、積層体の観察に関しては、プラチナを10分間蒸着した後に観察を行った。得られた画像から、隣り合う凸部同士の距離(間隔)と凸部の高さをそれぞれ10点ずつ測定し、平均値を求めた。
電解研磨されたアルミニウム円盤(純度99.99質量%、厚さ2mm、φ65mm)をアルミニウム基材として用いた。15℃に調整した0.3Mシュウ酸水溶液にアルミニウム基材を浸漬させて、直流安定化装置の電源のON/OFFを繰り返すことでアルミニウム基材に間欠的に電流を流すことにより、アルミニウム基材を陽極酸化させた。次に、30秒おきに80Vの定電圧を5秒間印加する操作を60回繰り返し、前記アルミニウム基材に細孔を有する酸化皮膜を形成した。続いて、前記酸化皮膜を形成したアルミニウム基材を6質量%のリン酸と1.8質量%のクロム酸を混合した70℃の水溶液中に6時間浸漬させて、酸化皮膜を溶解除去した。前記酸化皮膜を溶解除去したアルミニウム基材を16℃に調整した0.05Mのシュウ酸水溶液に浸漬させて80Vで5秒間陽極酸化を施した。続いて、前記アルミニウム基材を32℃に調整した5質量%リン酸水溶液中に20分間浸漬させて、酸化皮膜の細孔を拡大する孔径拡大処理を施した。このように、陽極酸化処理と孔径拡大処理を交互に繰り返した。陽極酸化処理と孔径拡大処理はそれぞれ5回ずつ行った。得られたスタンパをTDP-8(日光ケミカルズ株式会社製)の0.1質量%水溶液に10分間浸漬させた後、引き上げて一晩乾燥させることにより、離型処理を施した。
<積層体の製造>
以下の材料を混合して活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を調製した。
・アロニックスM-260(商品名、東亜合成社製、ポリエチレングリコール鎖の平均繰り返し単位は13)50質量部
・SO-E1(商品名、シリカ粒子、平均粒子径250nm アドマテックス社製)5質量部
・イルガキュア184(商品名、BASF社製)1質量部
・イルガキュア819(商品名、BASF社製)0.5質量部
・TDP-2(商品名、日光ケミカルズ株式会社製)0.1質量部
得られた積層体について表層の膜厚均一性、耐擦傷性及び透明性の各評価を行った。得られた積層体は表層の膜厚が均一で耐擦傷性が良好であった。結果を表1に示す。
SO-E1:(商品名、シリカ粒子、平均粒子径250nm、アドマテックス社製)
SO-E2:(商品名、シリカ粒子、平均粒子径500nm、アドマテックス社製)
SO-E3:(商品名、シリカ粒子、平均粒子径1000nm、アドマテックス社製)
SO-E5:(商品名、シリカ粒子、平均粒子径1500nm、アドマテックス社製)
SO-E6:(商品名、シリカ粒子、平均粒子径2000nm、アドマテックス社製)
AEROSIL300:(商品名、シリカ粒子、平均粒子径7nm、アエロジル社製)
ST-41:(商品名、酸化チタン粒子、平均粒子径200nm、石原産業社製)
XX-119B:(商品名、ポリマー粒子、平均粒子径270nm、積水化成品工業社製)
SSX-101:(商品名、ポリマー粒子、平均粒子径220nm、積水化成品工業社製)XX-109B(商品名、ポリマー粒子、平均粒子径380nm、積水化成品工業社製)
MBX-5:(商品名、ポリマー粒子、平均粒子径1590nm、積水化成品工業社製)SSX-105:(商品名、ポリマー粒子、平均粒子径450nm、積水化成品工業社製)
SSX-110:(商品名、ポリマー粒子、平均粒子径690nm、積水化成品工業社製)
XX-115B:(商品名、ポリマー粒子、平均粒子径270nm、積水化成品工業社製)
表1に示す組成に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。実施例2~14で得られた積層体においては、表層の膜厚の均一性及び耐擦傷性が良好であった。
表1に示す組成に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして積層体を得た。結果を表1に示す。比較例1は粒子を含まないため表層の膜厚の均一性が悪かった。比較例2及び3は粒子の平均粒子径が微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の間隔の80%未満であったため、凸部に粒子が侵入することで耐擦傷性が悪かった。
11:基材
12:表層
13:凸部
14:凹部
15:透明接着層
16:透明ガラス体
17:映像表示部材
18:空隙部
19:透明電極積層部材
20:タッチパネル部材
21:支持部材
Claims (11)
- 基材と、前記基材上に積層された表層を含む積層体であって、
前記表層は、前記基材側とは反対側の表面に微細凹凸構造が形成されており、
前記表層は、活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物を硬化させた硬化物であり、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物が、平均粒子径が、前記微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔を100%としたとき、前記平均間隔の80%以上である粒子を含有する活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物である積層体。 - 前記平均粒子径が、前記微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔を100%としたとき、前記平均間隔の100~1200%である請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 前記微細凹凸構造の隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔が25nm以上、400nm以下である請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 前記平均粒子径が80~2200nmであり、前記隣り合う凸部同士の平均間隔が100~250nmである請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 前記粒子が、シリカ(SiO2)、酸化チタン(TiO2)、並びにメタクリル酸メチル及びスチレンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含むポリマー、からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つである請求項1~4に記載の積層体。
- 前記微細凹凸構造の凸部の形状が、前記積層体の高さ方向と直交する方向で前記微細凹凸構造の凸部を切断したときの断面積の占有率が、前記微細凹凸構造の凸部の先端部側から基材側に向かって連続的に増大するような構造である請求項1~4に記載の積層体。
- 前記粒子の含有量が、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物100質量部に対し、1~70質量部である、請求項1~6に記載の積層体。
- 前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物が、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性組成物の重合性成分の合計量を100質量部としたとき、3官能以上の多官能(メタ)アクリレートの含有量が10質量部以上、60質量部以下であり、2官能(メタ)アクリレートの含有量が40質量部以上、90質量部以下である、請求項1~7に記載の積層体。
- 請求項1に記載の積層体を含む反射防止物品。
- 請求項1に記載の積層体を含む映像装置。
- 請求項1に記載の積層体を含むタッチパネル。
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| US (1) | US20160116642A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPWO2014189075A1 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20150145253A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN105228819A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2014189075A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPWO2016098677A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-17 | 2017-04-27 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | タッチパネル付き画像表示装置 |
| JP2017155073A (ja) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-07 | 日揮触媒化成株式会社 | 透明被膜形成用の塗布液及び透明被膜付基材 |
| KR20200126145A (ko) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-11-06 | 주식회사 아모그린텍 | 터치 스크린 패널 및 이의 제조방법 |
| WO2023058742A1 (ja) * | 2021-10-08 | 2023-04-13 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | 透明物品 |
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| JP2013033287A (ja) * | 2011-05-26 | 2013-02-14 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品の製造方法 |
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- 2014-05-21 CN CN201480029340.5A patent/CN105228819A/zh active Pending
- 2014-05-21 WO PCT/JP2014/063459 patent/WO2014189075A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2014-05-21 KR KR1020157033041A patent/KR20150145253A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2014-05-21 US US14/891,715 patent/US20160116642A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| JP2005258120A (ja) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-09-22 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 光学部品用硬化性樹脂組成物、光学部品及び画像表示装置 |
| JP2011090326A (ja) * | 2007-02-09 | 2011-05-06 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 透明成形体およびこれを用いた反射防止物品 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPWO2016098677A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-17 | 2017-04-27 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | タッチパネル付き画像表示装置 |
| US10551658B2 (en) | 2014-12-17 | 2020-02-04 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Image display apparatus with touch panel |
| JP2017155073A (ja) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-07 | 日揮触媒化成株式会社 | 透明被膜形成用の塗布液及び透明被膜付基材 |
| JP2021165404A (ja) * | 2016-02-29 | 2021-10-14 | 日揮触媒化成株式会社 | 透明被膜形成用の塗布液及び透明被膜付基材 |
| JP7153114B2 (ja) | 2016-02-29 | 2022-10-13 | 日揮触媒化成株式会社 | 透明被膜形成用の塗布液及び透明被膜付基材 |
| KR20200126145A (ko) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-11-06 | 주식회사 아모그린텍 | 터치 스크린 패널 및 이의 제조방법 |
| KR102361287B1 (ko) * | 2019-04-29 | 2022-02-11 | 주식회사 아모그린텍 | 터치 스크린 패널 및 이의 제조방법 |
| WO2023058742A1 (ja) * | 2021-10-08 | 2023-04-13 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | 透明物品 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20150145253A (ko) | 2015-12-29 |
| JPWO2014189075A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
| US20160116642A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 |
| CN105228819A (zh) | 2016-01-06 |
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