WO2014188680A1 - Nk細胞の調製方法 - Google Patents
Nk細胞の調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014188680A1 WO2014188680A1 PCT/JP2014/002541 JP2014002541W WO2014188680A1 WO 2014188680 A1 WO2014188680 A1 WO 2014188680A1 JP 2014002541 W JP2014002541 W JP 2014002541W WO 2014188680 A1 WO2014188680 A1 WO 2014188680A1
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- cells
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- C12N2501/00—Active agents used in cell culture processes, e.g. differentation
- C12N2501/20—Cytokines; Chemokines
- C12N2501/23—Interleukins [IL]
- C12N2501/2315—Interleukin-15 (IL-15)
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- C12N2501/00—Active agents used in cell culture processes, e.g. differentation
- C12N2501/20—Cytokines; Chemokines
- C12N2501/26—Flt-3 ligand (CD135L, flk-2 ligand)
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- C12N2502/00—Coculture with; Conditioned medium produced by
- C12N2502/11—Coculture with; Conditioned medium produced by blood or immune system cells
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- C12N2506/00—Differentiation of animal cells from one lineage to another; Differentiation of pluripotent cells
- C12N2506/11—Differentiation of animal cells from one lineage to another; Differentiation of pluripotent cells from blood or immune system cells
Definitions
- the present invention provides a method for preparing natural killer cells (NK cells) having high cytotoxic activity from hematopoietic progenitor cells with high purity and high amplification factor without using animal serum or feeder cells, and the method. And a pharmaceutical composition containing NK cells.
- NK cells natural killer cells
- NK cells do not attack normal cells that express MHC class I molecules, but mainly attack cells in which the expression and decrease of MHC class I molecules are reduced. In cancer cells and cells infected with viruses, the expression of MHC class I molecules decreases, so NK cells can attack these cells. Therefore, if allogeneic NK cells are used for cell therapy for cancer and infectious diseases, it is not necessary to immunize in advance and allow NK cells to recognize cells to be attacked, and side effects of GVH (Graft-versus-host) disease can be avoided. There are advantages. In fact, according to reports of Miller et al. (Non-patent Document 1) and Rubnitz et al.
- Non-patent Document 2 NK cells are obtained from fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a healthy donor who is a cancer patient as a recipient. When transplanted after concentrating the NK cells, the transplanted NK cells were temporarily engrafted without causing side effects on the recipient, and retained cytotoxic activity. However, there are no reports of clinical trials showing the effectiveness of transplantation therapy for NK cells. One reason is that the number of cells that can be recovered from a donor by lymphocyte apheresis is limited, so that the target cells kill enough NK cells to kill target cells such as cancer cells and pathogen-infected cells. This is because it cannot be retained in the recipient's body for a period of time.
- the engraftment period of NK cells was not correlated with the number of NK cells administered, and was 2 to 189 days, with a median of only 10 days.
- transplantation of NK cells is frequent. This has to be repeated for the patient. Therefore, development of a technique for culturing NK cells obtained from a donor once in a test tube and obtaining sufficient NK cells to kill the target cells has been advanced. In that case, it is not preferable to use animal serum or feeder cells because the prepared NK cells have a risk of infection.
- hematopoietic progenitor cells derived from umbilical cord blood or adult blood cell tissue, and hematopoietic progenitor cells prepared from induced pluripotent stem cells, embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, etc. It is necessary to develop a technique capable of preparing NK cells having high cytotoxic activity from hematopoietic progenitor cells with high purity. It is also necessary to develop simpler culture conditions for preparing hematopoietic progenitor cells in order to simplify the work process. There is also a need to develop simpler culture conditions for preparing NK cells from these hematopoietic progenitor cells.
- the present invention provides a method for preparing NK cells.
- the method for preparing NK cells of the present invention includes a step of amplifying hematopoietic progenitor cells under a single culture condition, and a step of inducing differentiation of the cells obtained in the step of amplification into NK cells.
- the medium used for the step of amplifying the hematopoietic progenitor cells under a single culture condition may contain IL-15, SCF, IL-7 and Flt3L.
- the medium used for the step of amplifying the hematopoietic progenitor cells under a single culture condition may further contain TPO.
- the step of inducing differentiation of the NK cell may include culturing the amplified hematopoietic progenitor cell under culture conditions containing IL-2.
- the medium used in each step may contain human AB serum and / or human serum albumin.
- the hematopoietic progenitor cells are induced to differentiate from hematopoietic progenitor cells contained in umbilical cord blood and / or adult blood cell tissue, and induced pluripotent stem cells, embryonic stem cells and / or adult stem cells.
- hematopoietic progenitor cells and patients may not have the same major histocompatibility antigen (MHC) or killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR).
- MHC major histocompatibility antigen
- KIR killer immunoglobulin-like receptor
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for cell therapy comprising NK cells prepared by the preparation method of the present invention.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may contain NK cell precursors, T cells, NKT cells, and hematopoietic progenitor cells in addition to NK cells prepared by the preparation method of the present invention.
- the present invention provides a method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for the cell therapy of the present invention.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be used for treating infectious diseases and / or cancer.
- the present invention provides cell therapy.
- the cell therapy of the present invention includes a step of amplifying hematopoietic progenitor cells under a single culture condition, and a step of inducing differentiation of the cells obtained in the amplification step into NK cells.
- the medium used for the step of amplifying the hematopoietic progenitor cells under a single culture condition may contain IL-15, SCF, IL-7 and Flt3L.
- the medium used for the step of amplifying the hematopoietic progenitor cells under a single culture condition may further contain TPO.
- the step of inducing differentiation of the NK cell may include culturing the amplified hematopoietic progenitor cell under a culture condition containing IL-2.
- the medium used for each step may contain human AB serum and / or human serum albumin.
- the hematopoietic progenitor cells include hematopoietic progenitor cells contained in umbilical cord blood and / or adult hematopoietic tissue, and hematopoietic progenitor cells induced to differentiate from induced pluripotent stem cells, embryonic stem cells and / or adult stem cells.
- the step of transplanting the NK cells into a patient may be a step of transplanting NK cells together with other cells such as T cells and NKT cells.
- the cell therapy of the present invention may be used to treat and / or prevent infection and / or cancer.
- NK cell refers to a CD3-negative CD56-positive mononuclear cell, which has cytotoxic activity against cells that have low expression of MHC class I molecules or cells that have lost their expression.
- hematopoietic progenitor cell includes any cell having the ability to differentiate into blood cells of any cell type.
- the hematopoietic progenitor cells of the present invention include cord blood, bone marrow and other hematopoietic stem cells derived from adult blood cell tissues, induced pluripotent stem cells, embryonic stem cells and / or hematopoietic progenitor cells derived from adult stem cells, and fibers. Including, but not limited to, hematopoietic progenitor cells that are directly converted from blasts and other differentiated cells.
- the hematopoietic progenitor cells of the present invention are included in CD34 positive cells.
- the hematopoietic progenitor cells of the present invention may be prepared by a method using a marker other than CD34 on the condition that CD34 positive cells are substantially contained.
- the hematopoietic progenitor cells of the present invention may be prepared using any procedure known to those skilled in the art. For example, specific gravity centrifugation can be used when collecting mononuclear cells from umbilical cord blood. Hematopoietic progenitor cells in cord blood can be selectively recovered from cord blood-derived mononuclear cells using immunomagnetic beads in which antibodies against cell surface markers are immobilized.
- the immunomagnetic beads are preferably immobilized with an anti-CD34 antibody. However, on the condition that CD34 positive cells derived from umbilical cord blood are collected, an immunomagnetic bead in which an antibody against a cell surface marker other than CD34 or other specific binding partner is immobilized may be used. Further, the hematopoietic progenitor cells can be isolated and identified using a flow cytometer after immunofluorescence staining with a specific antibody against a cell surface marker.
- mononuclear cells separated from umbilical cord blood may be cryopreserved, thawed according to the time of transplantation into a patient, and used for amplification of NK cells. Any method known to those skilled in the art may be used for freezing and thawing cells. Any commercially available cell cryopreservation solution may be used for freezing the cells.
- hematopoietic progenitor cells When hematopoietic progenitor cells are induced to differentiate from induced pluripotent stem cells, embryonic stem cells and / or adult stem cells, see, for example, Niwa, A. et al. (PLoS ONE 6 (7): e22261 (2011)), hematopoietic progenitor cells may be induced to differentiate from undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells using culture conditions that do not use feeder cells and serum. is there. Briefly, human ES cells or human iPS cells were colonized in a serum-free medium for maintaining an undifferentiated state, and switched to a serum-free medium for differentiation induction supplemented with BMP4. Incubate until day 4 as day 0.
- the medium is switched to a serum-free medium for differentiation induction to which VEGF and SCF are added instead of BMP4, and cultured until the sixth day.
- stem cell factor (SCF) thrombopoietin (TPO)
- TPO thrombopoietin
- IL-3 interleukin 3
- Flt3L FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand
- FP6 fusion protein of IL-6 receptor and IL-6
- Etc a serum-free medium for differentiation induction. From day 10-12, a cluster of hematopoietic cells begins to be observed at the periphery of the colony, and begins to float in the culture medium after a few days.
- hematopoietic progenitor cells are directly converted from differentiated cells such as fibroblasts, see, for example, Szabo, E .; (Nature, 468: 521 (2010)) may be used.
- OCT4 protein is forcibly expressed in differentiated cells such as human fibroblasts, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II), Flt-3L and SCF. Incubate in added medium. After about 21 days, CD45 positive cells appear. The CD45 positive cells are transferred to another culture vessel and further cultured in a hematopoietic differentiation medium supplemented with SCF, G-CSF, Flt-3L, IL-3, IL-6 and BMP-4. About one-fourth of CD45 positive cells obtained after about 16 days of culture in hematopoietic differentiation medium are also positive for CD34. Such cells are further induced to differentiate into various blood cell types.
- umbilical cord blood means fresh umbilical cord blood collected from the umbilical cord at the time of delivery and a frozen state that can be obtained through a cord blood bank system that is cryopreserved after obtaining histocompatibility test data. It refers to both cord blood.
- embryonic stem cell refers to a pluripotent stem cell derived from a mammalian embryo before or after implantation.
- adult stem cell refers to a stem cell derived from any somatic tissue obtained from an embryo or fetus after the organogenesis stage, its placenta, and an individual of any age after delivery. A cell having the ability to differentiate into cells of at least one cell type.
- artificial pluripotent stem cells are Takahashi K. et al. And Yamanaka S. (Cell, 126, 663 (2006)) and other pluripotent stem cells derived from non-pluripotent cells, and any induction method may be used.
- a solution for suspending or culturing a living cell is, for example, physiological saline, phosphorus Acid buffered saline (PBS), medium, serum, etc. are common.
- the solution may contain pharmaceutically acceptable carriers as pharmaceuticals and quasi drugs.
- the NK cells obtained by the preparation method of the present invention, the pharmaceutical composition containing the NK cells, and the cell therapy of the present invention can be applied to the treatment and / or prevention of various diseases sensitive to NK cells. It can. Examples of the diseases include oral cancer, gallbladder cancer, bile duct cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer, leukemia and other cancers and tumors, and infections caused by viruses, bacteria, etc. It is not limited.
- the pharmaceutical composition containing NK cells of the present invention may contain NK cell precursors, T cells, NKT cells, hematopoietic progenitor cells and other cells in addition to the NK cells prepared by the method of the present invention.
- the cell therapy of the present invention may be performed alone or in combination with surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy or the like.
- NK cells amplified by the method of the present invention may be transplanted into a patient together with T cells and NKT cells.
- NK cells may be transplanted, for example, by intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal administration or the like.
- the cell culture medium is KBM501 medium (Kojin Bio Inc.), CellGro SCGM medium (registered trademark). , Celgenics, Iwai Chemicals), STEMLINE II (Sigma Aldrich Japan GK), X-VIVO15 medium (Lonza, Takara Bio Inc.), IMDM, MEM, DMEM, RPMI-1640, etc.
- a non-limiting medium may be used alone or blended at an appropriate blending ratio.
- the cell culture medium is used by adding at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of serum, serum albumin, appropriate protein, cytokine, antibody, compound and other components, which will be described below. There is a case.
- the medium may be supplemented with the subject's autologous serum, human AB serum available from BioWhittaker and others, or donated human serum albumin available from the Japanese Red Cross.
- the autologous serum and the human type AB serum are preferably added at a concentration of 1 to 10%, and the donated human serum albumin is preferably added at a concentration of 1 to 10%.
- the subject may be a healthy person and a patient suffering from various diseases sensitive to the NK cells.
- the medium may contain appropriate proteins, cytokines, antibodies, compounds and other components provided that the effect of amplifying NK cells is not impaired.
- the cytokines include interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 3 (IL-3), interleukin 7 (IL-7), interleukin 12 (IL-12), interleukin-15 (IL-15), It may be interleukin-21 (IL-21), stem cell factor (SCF), thrombopoietin (TPO), and / or FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L).
- the IL-2, IL-3, IL-7, IL-12, IL-15, IL-21, SCF, TPO and Flt3L preferably have a human amino acid sequence.
- the concentration of IL-15 is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 100 ng / mL, more preferably in the range of 20 to 30 ng / mL, and particularly preferably 25 ng / mL.
- the concentration of SCF is preferably in the range of 2 to 100 ng / mL, more preferably in the range of 20 to 30 ng / mL, and particularly preferably 25 ng / mL.
- IL-7 preferably has a concentration in the range of 0.5 to 100 ng / mL, more preferably in the range of 20 to 30 ng / mL, and particularly preferably 25 ng / mL.
- Flt3L preferably has a concentration in the range of 1 to 100 ng / mL, more preferably in the range of 20 to 30 ng / mL, and particularly preferably 25 ng / mL.
- concentration of TPO is preferably in the range of 1 to 100 ng / mL, more preferably in the range of 20 to 30 ng / mL, and particularly preferably 25 ng / mL.
- the concentration of IL-2 may be indicated in domestic standard units (JRU) and international units (IU). Since 1 IU is about 0.622 JRU, 1750 JRU / mL is about 2813 IU / mL.
- IL-2 preferably has a human amino acid sequence and, for safety, is preferably produced by recombinant DNA technology.
- the concentration of IL-2 is preferably 100 to 2900 IU / mL, more preferably 100 to 2813 IU / mL, and particularly preferably 2813 IU / mL.
- the step of amplifying the hematopoietic progenitor cells is cultured in a medium containing IL-15, SCF, IL-7 and Flt3L.
- the medium may further contain TPO.
- the medium may be replaced at any time after the start of culture, provided that the desired number of NK cells can be obtained, but is preferably every 3-5 days.
- the expansion of hematopoietic progenitor cells rapidly decreases the rate of cell proliferation in about 5 weeks. Therefore, amplification of hematopoietic progenitor cells is performed for about 5 weeks from the start of culture, that is, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, or 38 days.
- NK cells are induced to differentiate from the amplified hematopoietic progenitor cells.
- the cells are cultured in a medium containing IL-2.
- the differentiation induction of the NK cells is performed for about 1 week, that is, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 days.
- the culture for n days under the culture condition here means that the culture is performed under the culture condition from the culture start date to n days later, and the transition to the next culture condition or cell recovery is performed for n days from the culture start date. What happens later.
- hematopoietic progenitor cells may be frozen during amplification or after amplification, and may be thawed according to the time of transplantation to the patient and used for transplantation to the patient. Any method known to those skilled in the art may be used for freezing and thawing cells. Any commercially available cell cryopreservation solution may be used for freezing the cells.
- the culture vessel includes, but is not limited to, a commercially available dish, flask, plate, and multiwell plate.
- the culture conditions are not particularly limited as long as they do not impair the amplification effect of NK cells, but culture conditions under 37 ° C., 5% CO 2 and saturated water vapor atmosphere are common. Since the object of the present invention is to prepare a large amount of NK cells, the longer the period of culturing in the medium, the more advantageous NK cells can be obtained.
- the culture period is not particularly limited, provided that NK cells are amplified to the desired number of cells.
- the production of the method and pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is preferably carried out under conditions (good manufacturing practice (GMP)) that conform to the manufacturing control and quality control rules of pharmaceuticals and quasi drugs.
- GMP good manufacturing practice
- the cytotoxic activity of the prepared NK cells is evaluated by methods well known to those skilled in the art.
- the cytotoxic activity is generally quantified by measuring the radiation dose or fluorescence intensity after incubating the NK cells (effector cells) with target cells labeled with a radioactive substance, a fluorescent dye or the like. is there.
- the target cells may be, but are not limited to, K562 cells, acute myeloid leukemia cells, and chronic myeloid leukemia cells.
- the properties of the amplified NK cells can be examined using RT-PCR, solid-phase hybrid formation, ELISA, Western blot, immunoprecipitation, immunoturbidimetry, FACS, flow cytometry, etc. There is.
- cord blood and / or adult blood cell tissue collection and cryopreservation autologous serum preparation, the cord blood and / or adult blood cell tissue, induced pluripotent stem cells, embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells
- induced pluripotent stem cells embryonic stem cells
- embryonic stem cells adult stem cells
- mononuclear cells induced to differentiate from pluripotent stem cells such as, preparation of hematopoietic progenitor cells from the mononuclear cells, measurement of the number of cells before and after culturing the hematopoietic progenitor cells, and the hematopoietic before and after culturing
- Any method known to those skilled in the art can be used to measure the composition ratio of NK cells, T cells, and other cell types in progenitor cells, calculate the amplification factor of NK cells, and perform statistical analysis on measurement errors and significance. May be implemented.
- the NK cells (KBM501) obtained by the second protocol (II) and the third protocol (III) and the differentiation-inducing medium in each protocol were 1750 JRU / mL, that is, 2813 IU / mL IL-2.
- Human umbilical cord blood-derived hematopoietic progenitor cells Human umbilical cord blood-derived hematopoietic progenitor cells are obtained from PromoCell (Takara Bio Inc., C-12921) or ZenBio (B-Bridge, SER-CD34-F). It was done. The sample is prepared by purifying CD34 positive progenitor cells from mononuclear cells using immunomagnetic beads CD34 (CD34 positive rate: 90% or more) and freezing. Note that written consent has been obtained from the mother when collecting the sample. Moreover, it is confirmed that the result of the HIV virus and hepatitis B virus test is negative.
- STEMLINE II Sigma Aldrich Japan GK, catalog number: S0192, lot number: SLBB3210
- KBM501 medium Kohjin Bio Inc., catalog number: 16025015, lot number: K1M120924, 1750 JRU / mL, , 2813 IU / mL of IL-2 and human serum albumin of 2000 mg / mL or less
- human AB serum at a final concentration of 10% Kojin Bio Inc., catalog number: 12181301, lot number: 12020205)
- Proteins such as cytokines added in the following experiments are all human recombinant proteins unless otherwise specified.
- Amplification of hematopoietic progenitor cells (1) The umbilical cord blood-derived CD34-positive cells are thawed according to the manufacturer's specifications and then diluted to 5 ⁇ 10 5 cells / mL with the amplification culture medium 1 to obtain a 6-well culture plate (140675, nunc, Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd.). The medium was changed on the fifth day of culture.
- Amplification culture medium 1 consists of 25 ng / mL TPO, 25 ng / mL SCF, 25 ng / mL Flt3L, 250 pg / mL G-CSF, 10 pg / mL GM-CSF, 50 pg / mL IL-6 and 10 STEMLINE II medium supplemented with% human AB type serum.
- the umbilical cord blood-derived CD34-positive cells are cultured in the amplification culture medium 1 for 1 week, washed 3 times with PBS, and diluted with the amplification culture medium 2 to 5 ⁇ 10 5 cells / mL, A 6-well culture plate (140675, nunc, Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd.) was seeded, and further cultured for 4 weeks. The medium was changed every 4 days from the 3rd day of culture. When changing the medium, the cell suspension was collected, and after removing the medium by centrifugation at 500 g for 5 minutes at room temperature, the cells were diluted with fresh amplification culture medium 2 to 5 ⁇ 10 5 cells / mL.
- Amplification culture medium 2 was STEMLINE II medium supplemented with 25 ng / mL IL-15, 25 ng / mL SCF, 25 ng / mL IL-7, 25 ng / mL Flt3L and 10% human AB type serum. It was.
- Amplification of hematopoietic progenitor cells (3) The umbilical cord blood-derived CD34-positive cells were cultured in the amplification culture medium 2 alone for 5 weeks. The medium was changed every 4 days from the 3rd day of culture.
- Amplification of hematopoietic progenitor cells (4)
- the cord blood-derived CD34-positive cells were cultured in the amplification culture medium 3 alone for 5 weeks. The medium was changed every 4 days from the 3rd day of culture.
- Amplification culture medium 3 is supplemented with 25 ng / mL IL-15, 25 ng / mL SCF, 25 ng / mL IL-7, 25 ng / mL Flt3L, 25 ng / mL TPO and 10% human AB serum.
- STEMLINE II medium 25 ng / mL IL-15, 25 ng / mL SCF, 25 ng / mL IL-7, 25 ng / mL Flt3L, 25 ng / mL TPO and 10% human AB serum.
- Differentiation induction into NK cells (1) The umbilical cord blood-derived CD34-positive cells are amplified for a total of 35 days using the culture mediums 1 to 3 for amplification culture, and then the medium is switched to the culture medium 1 for differentiation induction to induce differentiation into NK cells for 7 days. It was. Differentiation induction medium 1 was KBM501 medium supplemented with 10% human AB type serum.
- the umbilical cord blood-derived CD34-positive cells were amplified for 35 days in total using the amplification culture medium 3, and then the medium was switched to the differentiation-inducing medium 2 to induce differentiation into NK cells for 7 days.
- the differentiation induction medium 2 was STEMLINE II medium supplemented with 1750 JRU / mL, ie, 2813 IU / mL IL-2 and 10% human type AB serum.
- the cell number of the hematopoietic progenitor cells was determined by measuring the number of living cells using a hemocytometer.
- Cell surface markers of the cells include anti-CD3 antibody (BioLegend Japan, catalog number: 317308), anti-CD56 antibody (318321, BioLegend Japan, catalog number: 304607), anti-CD69 antibody (BioLegend Japan, catalog) Number: 310905), anti-CD335 (NKp46) antibody (BioLegend Japan, catalog number: 331907), anti-CD337 (NKp30) antibody (BioLegend Japan, catalog number: 325207), anti-CD314 (NKG2D) antibody (BioLegend Japan) Corporation, catalog number: 320805), anti-Granzyme B antibody (BD Pharmingen, catalog number: 56) 211, Nippon Becton Dickinson Co., Ltd.) and anti-perforin antibody (BioLegend Japan Co., Ltd., catalog number: 308111) was used to
- Cytotoxic activity of amplified NK cells NK cells were amplified and differentiated according to the method described in this example, and used as effector cells. Chronic myeloid leukemia cells, K562 cells, were cultured by a method well known to those skilled in the art and used as target cells. The cytotoxic activity of amplified NK cells and non-amplified NK cells (hereinafter referred to as “non-amplified NK cells”) was quantified by methods well known to those skilled in the art.
- the target cells are treated with RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 3-3′-dioctadesiloxacarbocyanine (Sigma Aldrich Japan GK, catalog number D4292) at a final concentration of 0.01 mM for 10 minutes. Labeled by culturing. The target cells were washed three times with PBS (-) and RPMI medium after labeling. The effector cells and the target cells were seeded in a round bottom 96-well culture plate and co-cultured in RPMI medium for 4 hours. The ratio of effector cells to target cells (E: T ratio) was adjusted to 2: 1. Cytotoxic activity (%) was quantified by flow cytometry using 7-amino-actinomycin D (Sigma Aldrich Japan GK, A9400).
- FIG. 1 shows a 1-week amplification using the amplification culture medium 1 and a 4-week amplification using the amplification culture medium 2, and then switching to the differentiation-inducing medium 1
- the first protocol (graph plotted with white diamonds ( ⁇ ), I) that is cultured for 1 week and amplification for 5 weeks using only the amplification culture medium 2 and then switching to the differentiation-inducing medium 1 for 1 week
- the second protocol to be cultured (graph plotted with white squares ( ⁇ ), II) and amplification for 5 weeks using only the amplification culture medium 3 and then switching to the differentiation-inducing medium 1 and culturing for 1 week 3 is a line graph comparing changes over time in the amplification factor of umbilical cord blood-derived hematopoietic progenitor cells in the third protocol (graph plotted with black triangles ( ⁇ ), III).
- the horizontal axis represents the number of days from the start of culture of hematopoietic progenitor cells prepared from umbilical cord blood.
- the vertical axis represents the amplification factor that makes the number of cells at the start of culture 1 ⁇ .
- the growth rate of cord blood-derived hematopoietic progenitor cells was greatly reduced from around 30 days in culture.
- Both cells obtained by the first and third protocols had an amplification factor of about 10,000 times, whereas cells obtained by the second protocol had an amplification factor of about 1,000 times, and the first and third protocols Compared with, it only increased by 1/10.
- the number of cells was almost the same as that on the 35th day (not shown).
- FIG. 2 is included in cord blood-derived hematopoietic progenitor cells that have been subjected to amplification and differentiation induction treatment according to the first protocol (I), the second protocol (II), and the third protocol (III). It is a bar graph which shows the ratio of CD3-negative and CD56-positive NK cells. As shown in FIG. 2, cells amplified and differentiated in the second protocol have a NK cell ratio of about 90%, whereas cells amplified and differentiated in the first and third protocols The proportion of NK cells was only about 80%. However, as shown in FIG. 1, the amplification factor of the cells obtained by the second protocol is only 1/10 of the amplification factor of the cells obtained by the first and third protocols. Therefore, it was proved that the cells obtained by the third protocol contain more NK cells.
- FIG. 3 is a bar graph showing the cytotoxic activity of NK cells against K562 cells obtained by the first protocol (I), the second protocol (II), and the third protocol (III).
- the vertical axis represents the percentage of target cells K562 cells that have undergone lysis when mixed for 4 hours with an effector cell: target cell ratio (E: T) of 2: 1.
- E target cell ratio
- the cytotoxic activity of NK cells obtained by the second protocol was very high at a cell lysis rate of about 100%, but the cytotoxic activity of NK cells obtained by the third protocol was also high.
- the cell lysis rate was about 95%.
- the amplification factor of the cells obtained by the second protocol was only 1/10 of the amplification factor of the cells obtained by the first and third protocols. Therefore, it was found that the cells obtained by the third protocol contain more cells having higher cytotoxic activity than the cells obtained by the second protocol.
- the cytotoxic activity targeting K562 cells was only about 40% under the same co-culture conditions. Therefore, it was proved that the NK cells obtained by the method of the present invention have much higher cytotoxic activity than the umbilical cord blood-derived NK cells of the prior art, while the amplification factor is almost the same.
- FIG. 4 shows CD69, CD335 (NKp46), CD337 (NKp30), CD314 (NKG2D) among CD3-negative and CD56-positive NK cells among cord blood-derived hematopoietic progenitor cells subjected to amplification and differentiation induction treatment according to each protocol. ), A bar graph showing the percentage of cells positive for granzyme B or perforin, respectively.
- NK cells obtained by performing amplification and differentiation induction treatment by any protocol almost 100% of cells expressing CD69, CD335 and CD337 were observed.
- the ratio between the cells expressing CD314 (NKG2D) and the cells expressing granzyme B or perforin was not significantly different in NK cells obtained by amplification and differentiation induction treatment by any protocol.
- FIG. 5 shows NK cells (KBM501) obtained by the second protocol (II) and the third protocol (III), and differentiation induction medium in each protocol was added with 2813 IU / mL IL-2.
- 10 is a bar graph showing cytotoxic activity against K562 cells with NK cells (Stemine + IL-2: 2813 IU / mL) obtained when KBM501 is replaced with the treated Stemline II medium.
- the differentiation induction medium is replaced with KBM501 by a Stemline II medium supplemented with 2813 IU / mL IL-2, the cytotoxic activity is reduced to 70%. Much higher than about 40%). Therefore, it was proved that the effects of the present invention can be obtained by using a differentiation-inducing medium containing IL-2 regardless of the composition of the basal medium.
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Abstract
Description
ヒト臍帯血由来造血前駆細胞
ヒト臍帯血由来造血前駆細胞試料は、PromoCell社(タカラバイオ株式会社、C-12921)又はZenBio社(株式会社B-Bridge、SER-CD34-F)より入手された。前記試料は、免疫磁気ビーズCD34を用いて単核球細胞からCD34陽性前駆細胞が精製(CD34陽性率:90%以上)され、凍結されたものである。なお前記試料の採取に当っては、母親から書面による同意を得ている。また、HIVウイルス及びB型肝炎ウイルス検査の結果が陰性であると確認されている。
培地としてSTEMLINE II(シグマ アルドリッチ ジャパン合同会社、カタログ番号:S0192、ロット番号:SLBB3210)及び/又はKBM501培地(コージンバイオ株式会社、カタログ番号:16025015、ロット番号:K1M120924、1750JRU/mL、すなわち、2813IU/mLのIL-2と、2000mg/mL以下のヒト血清アルブミンとを含む)が使用され、最終濃度10%のヒトAB型血清(コージンバイオ株式会社、カタログ番号:12181301、ロット番号:12020165)が添加された。以下の実験で添加されるサイトカイン等のタンパク質は特記されない場合はすべてヒト組換えタンパク質である。
前記臍帯血由来のCD34陽性細胞は、製造者の仕様書にしたがって解凍された後、増幅培養用培地1で5×105個/mLになるように希釈され、6ウェルの培養プレート(140675、nunc、サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック株式会社)に播種された。培地交換は培養5日目に行われた。増幅培養用培地1は、25ng/mLのTPO、25ng/mLのSCF、25ng/mLのFlt3L、250pg/mLのG-CSF、10pg/mLのGM-CSF、50pg/mLのIL-6及び10%ヒトAB型血清が添加されたSTEMLINE II培地であった。
前記臍帯血由来のCD34陽性細胞は、増幅培養用培地1で1週間培養された後、PBSで3回洗浄され、増幅培養用培地2で5×105個/mLになるように希釈され、6ウェルの培養プレート(140675、nunc、サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック株式会社)に播種され、さらに4週間培養された。培地交換は培養3日目から4日ごとに行われた。培地交換に際しては細胞懸濁液が回収され、室温にて500g、5分間遠心操作で培地が除去された後、新鮮な増幅培養用培地2で5x105個/mLになるように細胞が希釈され、6ウェルの培養プレートに播種された。増幅培養用培地2は、25ng/mLのIL-15、25ng/mLのSCF、25ng/mLのIL-7、25ng/mLのFlt3L及び10%ヒトAB型血清が添加されたSTEMLINE II培地であった。
前記臍帯血由来のCD34陽性細胞は、増幅培養用培地2だけで5週間培養された。培地交換は培養3日目から4日ごとに行われた。
前記臍帯血由来のCD34陽性細胞は、増幅培養用培地3だけで5週間培養された。培地交換は培養3日目から4日ごとに行われた。増幅培養用培地3は、25ng/mLのIL-15、25ng/mLのSCF、25ng/mLのIL-7、25ng/mLのFlt3L、25ng/mLのTPO及び10%ヒトAB型血清が添加されたSTEMLINE II培地であった。
前記臍帯血由来のCD34陽性細胞は、増幅培養用培地1ないし3を用いて合計35日間増幅された後、培地が分化誘導用培地1に切り替えられて、7日間NK細胞への分化が誘導された。分化誘導用培地1は、10%ヒトAB型血清が添加されたKBM501培地であった。
前記臍帯血由来のCD34陽性細胞は、増幅培養用培地3を用いて合計35日間増幅された後、培地が分化誘導用培地2に切り替えられて、7日間NK細胞への分化が誘導された。分化誘導用培地2は、1750JRU/mL、すなわち、2813IU/mLのIL-2及び10%ヒトAB型血清が添加されたが添加されたSTEMLINE II培地であった。
前記造血前駆細胞の細胞数は血球計算盤を用いて生細胞数を計測することにより決定された。前記細胞の細胞表面マーカーは、抗CD3抗体(BioLegend Japan株式会社、カタログ番号:317308)、抗CD56抗体(318321、BioLegend Japan株式会社、カタログ番号:304607)、抗CD69抗体(BioLegend Japan株式会社、カタログ番号:310905)、抗CD335(NKp46)抗体(BioLegend Japan株式会社、カタログ番号:331907)、抗CD337(NKp30)抗体(BioLegend Japan 株式会社、カタログ番号:325207)、抗CD314(NKG2D)抗体(BioLegend Japan株式会社、カタログ番号:320805)、抗グランザイムB抗体(BD Pharmingen、カタログ番号:560211、日本ベクトン・ディッキンソン株式会社)及び抗パーフォリン抗体(BioLegend Japan株式会社、カタログ番号:308111)を用いて、フロー・サイトメトリー法で解析された。
NK細胞は、本実施例で説明された方法にしたがって増幅及び分化誘導され、エフェクター細胞として用いられた。慢性骨髄性白血病細胞のK562細胞は、当業者に周知の方法で培養され、標的細胞として用いられた。増幅されたNK細胞と、増幅されていないNK細胞(以下、「非増幅NK細胞」という。)との細胞傷害活性が、当業者に周知の方法で定量された。簡潔には、前記標的細胞は、終濃度:0.01mMの3-3’-ジオクタデシロキサカルボシアニン(シグマ アルドリッチ ジャパン合同会社、カタログ番号D4292)が添加されたRPMI-1640培地で10分間培養することによって標識された。前記標的細胞は、標識後、PBS(-)及びRPMI培地を用いて3回洗浄された。前記エフェクター細胞と、前記標的細胞とは、丸底の96ウェルの培養プレートに播種され、RPMI培地で4時間共培養された。エフェクター細胞と標的細胞との比(E:T比)は、2対1に調整された。細胞傷害活性(%)は、7-アミノ-アクチノマイシンD(シグマ アルドリッチ ジャパン合同会社、A9400)を用いてフロー・サイトメトリー法によって定量された。
臍帯血由来造血前駆細胞の増幅
図1は、増幅培養用培地1を用いる1週間の増幅と、増幅培養用培地2を用いる4週間の増幅との後、分化誘導用培地1に切り替えて1週間培養される第1のプロトコール(白塗り菱形(◇)でプロットされたグラフ、I)と、増幅培養用培地2だけを用いる5週間の増幅の後、分化誘導用培地1に切り替えて1週間培養される第2のプロトコール(白塗り四角(□)でプロットされたグラフ、II)と、増幅培養用培地3だけを用いる5週間の増幅の後、分化誘導用培地1に切り替えて1週間培養される第3のプロトコール(黒塗り三角(▲)でプロットされたグラフ、III)とにおける臍帯血由来造血前駆細胞の増幅倍率の経時変化が比較される折れ線グラフである。横軸は、臍帯血から調製された造血前駆細胞の培養開始からの日数を表す。縦軸は、培養開始時の細胞数を1倍とする増幅倍率を表す。図1に示されるとおり、臍帯血由来造血前駆細胞は、培養30日頃から増殖速度が非常に低下した。第1及び3のプロトコールにより得られる細胞はともに増幅倍率が約10,000倍であったが、第2のプロトコールにより得られる細胞は増幅倍率が約1,000倍で、第1及び3のプロトコールに比べて10分の1しか増えなかった。なお、42日まで増幅培養用培地で培養しても、35日目と細胞数はほとんど変わらなかった(図示されない)。
Claims (6)
- IL-15、SCF、IL-7及びFlt3Lを含む培地を用いる単一の培養条件で造血前駆細胞を増幅するステップと、前記増幅するステップで得られた細胞をIL-2を含む培地を用いる培養条件でNK細胞に分化誘導させるステップとを含む、NK細胞の調製方法。
- 前記造血前駆細胞を単一の培養条件で増幅するステップに用いる培地は、TPOをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のNK細胞の調製方法。
- 前記各ステップに用いる培地は、ヒトAB型血清、及び/又は、ヒト血清アルブミンを含む、請求項1又は2に記載のNK細胞の調製方法。
- 前記造血前駆細胞は、臍帯血及び/又は成体血球系組織に含まれる造血前駆細胞と、人工多能性幹細胞、胚性幹細胞及び/又は成体幹細胞から分化誘導される造血前駆細胞と、分化した細胞から直接変換される造血前駆細胞とからなるグループから選択される少なくとも1種類の造血前駆細胞である、請求項1ないし3のいずれか1つに記載のNK細胞の調製方法。
- 請求項1ないし3のいずれか1つに記載の調製方法によって調製されるNK細胞を含む、細胞療法のための医薬品組成物。
- 感染症及び/又は癌を治療するために用いられる、請求項5に記載の医薬品組成物。
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US14/892,248 US20160097035A1 (en) | 2013-05-22 | 2014-05-05 | Method for preparing nk cells |
AU2014269813A AU2014269813B2 (en) | 2013-05-22 | 2014-05-14 | Method for preparing NK cells |
EP14801845.0A EP3000876B1 (en) | 2013-05-22 | 2014-05-14 | Method for preparing nk cells |
TW103117735A TW201512399A (zh) | 2013-05-22 | 2014-05-21 | Nk細胞的調製方法 |
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JP6838750B2 (ja) | 2019-01-21 | 2021-03-03 | 株式会社ガイアバイオメディシン | Nk細胞を含む細胞集団の製造方法 |
WO2020152661A1 (ja) | 2019-01-21 | 2020-07-30 | 株式会社ガイアバイオメディシン | Nk細胞を含む細胞集団の製造方法 |
TW202237826A (zh) | 2020-11-30 | 2022-10-01 | 瑞士商克里斯珀醫療股份公司 | 基因編輯的自然殺手細胞 |
WO2022144632A1 (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2022-07-07 | Crispr Therapeutics Ag | Compositions and methods for differentiating stem cells into nk cells |
CN112980788B (zh) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-11-05 | 河北森朗生物科技有限公司 | 一种低表达cd7的nk细胞制备方法 |
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AU2014269813A1 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
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JP5511039B1 (ja) | 2014-06-04 |
EP3000876A1 (en) | 2016-03-30 |
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AU2014269813B2 (en) | 2019-11-14 |
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