WO2014174754A1 - System de communication, dispositif de transmission, dispositif de reception, procede de communication et programme - Google Patents

System de communication, dispositif de transmission, dispositif de reception, procede de communication et programme Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014174754A1
WO2014174754A1 PCT/JP2014/001472 JP2014001472W WO2014174754A1 WO 2014174754 A1 WO2014174754 A1 WO 2014174754A1 JP 2014001472 W JP2014001472 W JP 2014001472W WO 2014174754 A1 WO2014174754 A1 WO 2014174754A1
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Prior art keywords
transmission
unit
prefix
symbol
communication system
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PCT/JP2014/001472
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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慎哉 杉浦
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国立大学法人東京農工大学
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Priority to JP2015513505A priority Critical patent/JP6206885B2/ja
Publication of WO2014174754A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014174754A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/2605—Symbol extensions, e.g. Zero Tail, Unique Word [UW]
    • H04L27/2607—Cyclic extensions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a communication system, a transmission device, a reception device, a communication method, and a program.
  • a transmission interval of each symbol that does not cause intersymbol interference is given by a Nyquist rate determined by an available frequency band W (for example, see Patent Document 1).
  • a Nyquist rate determined by an available frequency band W
  • FTN Faster-Than-Nyquist
  • Non-Patent Documents 3 and 4 FTN demodulation algorithms (time-space equalization algorithms) have been devised in accordance with the recent improvement in signal processing capability (for example, see Non-Patent Documents 3 and 4).
  • the Viterbi algorithm is applied by regarding received data in which intersymbol interference has occurred as a convolutional code.
  • Non-Patent Document 4 a repetitive signal based on SIC (successive interference cancellation) is used.
  • a precoding algorithm see, for example, Patent Document 1 that compensates for inter-symbol interference on the transmission side and a timing synchronization algorithm (for example, see Patent Document 2) suitable for an FTN transceiver have been developed.
  • Non-Patent Document 5 a technique for reducing intersymbol interference caused by the influence of frequency selective fading in a channel through which a signal is transmitted is known (for example, see Non-Patent Document 5).
  • Non-Patent Document 3 A. D. Liveris and C. N.
  • Non-Patent Document 4 F. Rusek and J. Anderson, “Multistream faster than Nyquist signaling,” IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 57, no. 5, pp. 1329-1340, May 2009.
  • Non-Patent Document 5 Hayashi Kazunori “Fundamentals of Modulation / Demodulation and Equalization Technologies” Proc. MWE2004, pp523-532, 2004.
  • Non-Patent Document 6 Nan Wu and Lajos Hanzo, "Near-Capacity Irregular-Convolutional-Coding-Aided Irregular Precoded Linear Dispersion Codes" IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 58, NO. 6, JULY 2009.
  • Patent Document 1 European Patent No. 2342832
  • Patent Document 2 European Patent No. 2436140 Specification
  • a band-limited communication system including a transmission device and a reception device, wherein the transmission device is predetermined at the head of each block of transmission data and at the end of each block.
  • a prefix adding unit that adds a prefix obtained by copying the length of data, and a transmission unit that transmits each symbol of the transmission data to which the prefix is added at a time interval shorter than the Nyquist rate according to the communication system band.
  • a prefix removing unit that removes a prefix from each block of received data, and a symbol generated by transmitting a symbol at a time interval shorter than the Nyquist rate in each block from which the prefix is removed.
  • a communication system comprising an interference canceling unit that cancels inter-interference, and To provide a communication method according to the communication system.
  • the interference removal unit may ignore intersymbol interference that occurs in a section longer than the prefix length in each block of received data, and remove intersymbol interference that occurs in a section that is shorter than the prefix length.
  • the interference removal unit may remove intersymbol interference from the received data based on the time interval of each symbol in the transmission unit.
  • the transmission device further includes a transmission filter that restricts the bandwidth of the transmission data to which the prefix is added to a predetermined bandwidth and inputs the transmission data to the transmission unit, and the interference removal unit is based on the filter characteristics of the transmission filter. Intersymbol interference may be removed from the received data.
  • the transmission device may transmit information indicating the time interval in the transmission unit to the reception device.
  • the transmission device may transmit information indicating the filter characteristics of the transmission filter to the reception device.
  • the prefix adding unit may determine the prefix length based on the time interval in the transmitting unit.
  • the prefix adding unit may determine the length of the prefix based on the filter characteristics of the transmission filter.
  • the prefix adding unit may determine the length of the prefix based on the length of each block of transmission data.
  • the interference removing unit may convert the received data into a frequency domain signal and remove an intersymbol interference component in the frequency domain.
  • the interference removal unit approximates an equivalent channel matrix indicating intersymbol interference in a block by a cyclic matrix, and multiplies each frequency component of received data by a weight coefficient corresponding to the cyclic matrix to remove intersymbol interference. Good.
  • the interference removal unit may correct the magnitude of random noise superimposed on the received data based on the time interval in the transmission unit to remove intersymbol interference.
  • the transmitting device receives a source bit string indicating information to be transmitted, divides the source bit string into a plurality of sub-blocks having a predetermined length, and converts the source bit string of each sub-block into a partial bit value of the source bit string.
  • the block further includes a modulation unit that converts a symbol symbol having a transmission symbol corresponding to the remaining bit value of the source bit sequence at a corresponding symbol position and inputs the symbol sequence to the prefix addition unit, and the prefix addition unit is a block obtained by dividing the symbol sequence You may add a prefix to the beginning of
  • the modulation unit may generate a symbol string in which the values of symbols other than transmission symbols are zero.
  • the receiving apparatus may further include a demodulating unit that demodulates the source bit string based on the transmission symbol and the position of the transmission symbol for each sub-block in the reception data.
  • the transmission apparatus includes: an RSC encoder that adds an RSC code to a source bit string indicating information to be transmitted; a plurality of modulation units that generate a symbol string corresponding to an input bit string; and a source bit string obtained by adding an RSC code to the RSC encoder
  • Each of the bits is assigned to one of a plurality of modulation units and is input, and a combining unit that combines the symbol sequences generated by the plurality of modulation units.
  • the plurality of modulation units have different time intervals.
  • the allocating unit controls the ratio of the number of bits input to each modulation unit based on the coding rate in the RSC encoder based on the coding rate in the RSC encoder. Good.
  • the allocating unit is configured so that an outer EXIT curve corresponding to the coding rate of the RSC encoder and an inner EXIT curve obtained by combining a plurality of individual EXIT curves corresponding to the plurality of modulation units are equal to or less than a predetermined interval.
  • the ratio of the number of bits may be controlled.
  • the allocation unit counts the number of bits so that the value of the output mutual information amount of the inner EXIT curve is larger than the value of the input mutual information amount of the outer EXIT curve over the entire range of the input mutual information amount of the inner EXIT curve. The ratio may be controlled.
  • the plurality of modulation units divide the input bit string into a plurality of sub-blocks having a predetermined length, and the bit string of each sub-block is left at a symbol position corresponding to a partial bit value of the bit string. Including two or more modulation units that convert to a symbol string having transmission symbols corresponding to the bit values of the sub-blocks in the two or more modulation units.
  • a transmitting apparatus or a receiving apparatus in the first aspect is provided.
  • a program that causes a computer to function as the transmission device or the reception device of the second aspect.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an interference removal unit 36.
  • FIG. It is a figure explaining the concept of FTN transmission.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the transmission device 10. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the receiving device 30.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an outline of an equivalent channel matrix H.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an operation example of the transmission device 10.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an operation example of the reception device 30.
  • BER bit error rate
  • SNR signal to noise ratio
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating another configuration example of the communication system 100.
  • FIG. 15 shows an example of an EXIT chart in the receiving apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 14. 2 shows an example of a hardware configuration of a computer 1900.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication system 100 includes a transmission device 10 and a reception device 30.
  • FTN transmission transmitting transmission data at a time interval shorter than that of Nyquist rate.
  • FTN transmission causes intersymbol interference in transmission data.
  • symbol interference in this specification means interference caused by FTN transmission, and unless otherwise specified, is a symbol due to the effects of frequency selective fading and delay spread in the channel. Interference is not included.
  • the receiving device 30 receives the transmission data transmitted by the transmitting device 10 via the channel 20.
  • the channel 20 in this example is a radio channel.
  • Receiving device 30 demodulates received data by removing intersymbol interference caused by transmitting device 10 performing FTN transmission. Thereby, a high transmission rate is realized without expanding the bandwidth of the communication system 100. A method for removing intersymbol interference will be described later.
  • the receiving apparatus 30 may remove intersymbol interference caused by frequency selective fading in a channel in addition to intersymbol interference caused by FTN transmission.
  • the transmission apparatus 10 of this example includes a modulation unit 12, a prefix addition unit 14, a transmission filter 16, and a transmission unit 18.
  • the receiving device 30 includes a receiving unit 32, a prefix removing unit 34, an interference removing unit 36, and a demodulating unit 38. The function of each component will be described later. In the present embodiment, a case where each transmitting / receiving apparatus has one antenna and performs single carrier transmission will be described, but each transmitting / receiving apparatus may have a plurality of antennas.
  • Communication system 100 may be a system that performs multicarrier transmission.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the interference removing unit 36.
  • the interference removal unit 36 converts each reception block from which the prefix has been removed into a frequency domain signal, multiplies the frequency component for each frequency component, and then inversely converts the signal into a time domain signal.
  • the interference removal unit 36 of this example includes a Fourier transform unit 40, a channel matrix calculation unit 42, a weight coefficient multiplication unit 44 and a Fourier inverse transform unit 46. The function of each component will be described later.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the concept of FTN transmission.
  • the frequency bandwidth of the communication system 100 is W.
  • the frequency bandwidth W is determined by, for example, the frequency bandwidth of the transmission filter 16 in the transmission device 10.
  • the symbol time interval is, for example, the interval between the centers of adjacent symbols.
  • each symbol is shown by one mountain-shaped waveform. In this case, no interference occurs between the symbols.
  • the time interval of each symbol is T ⁇ T 0 . For this reason, interference occurs between the symbols.
  • the communication system 100 provides a communication method that easily removes the influence of the inter-symbol interference.
  • the transmission apparatus 10 performs FTN transmission after adding a cyclic prefix (simply referred to as a prefix in this specification) to the head of each block of transmission data.
  • Receiving device 30 calculates an approximate model of intersymbol interference on the assumption that the section where intersymbol interference occurs in each block of received data is shorter than the prefix length. That is, in each block of received data, an approximate model of intersymbol interference occurring in a section shorter than the prefix length is calculated by ignoring intersymbol interference occurring in a section longer than the prefix length. For example, when the prefix includes ⁇ symbols, it is assumed that each symbol included in the block interferes with a symbol separated by ⁇ 1 at the maximum. The approximate model is generated based on at least a time interval at which the transmitter 10 transmits each symbol. Based on the above assumption, the approximate model is represented by a cyclic matrix, and therefore, the influence of intersymbol interference can be easily removed by a simple calculation using the approximate model.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the transmission apparatus 10.
  • the modulation unit 12 receives the source bit string and generates a plurality of transmission blocks based on a predetermined modulation size M and block size N.
  • the modulation size refers to the number of values that a single complex symbol can take.
  • the block size indicates the number of complex symbols included in one transmission block.
  • FIG. 4 shows a case where the QPSK scheme with a modulation size of 4 is used and the block size is N. In this specification, complex symbols are simply abbreviated as symbols.
  • the modulation unit 12 generates one symbol for every log 2 M bits in the source bit string. Then, one transmission block is generated for every N symbols in the complex symbol sequence. That is, the modulation unit 12 generates a transmission block for each Nlog 2 M bits in the source bit string.
  • the prefix adding unit 14 adds a prefix obtained by copying data having a predetermined length at the end of each block to the head of each transmission block generated by the modulation unit 12.
  • the symbol sequence s of the transmission block is s 0 s 1 ... S N ⁇ 1
  • the prefix length (number of symbols) is ⁇ .
  • the prefix adding unit 14 adds the prefix (s N ⁇ to s N ⁇ 1 ) to the head of the transmission block.
  • the transmission filter 16 limits the bandwidth of the transmission block after the prefix adding unit 14 adds the prefix to a predetermined bandwidth W.
  • the transmission filter 16 is, for example, a raised cosine filter.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the receiving device 30.
  • the reception unit 32 receives each transmission block transmitted by the transmission unit 18.
  • Each reception block received by the reception unit 32 includes a prefix.
  • the prefix removing unit 34 removes the prefix in each received block. In this example, assuming that timing synchronization is established between the transmission device 10 and the reception device 30, ⁇ symbols are removed from the head of each reception block.
  • n is the symbol number
  • E s is the average power of the symbols included in the transmission signal
  • h (t) is the filter characteristics of the transmitting filter 16
  • s n is the symbol of the transmission block
  • n (t) is the channel 20 Refers to random noise.
  • n (t) is a complex Gaussian distribution noise having an average value of 0 and a variance (noise power) of N 0 .
  • SNR signal to noise ratio
  • Equation (3) indicates the transmitted symbol value
  • the second term indicates intersymbol interference in the block
  • the interference removal unit 36 removes the influence of intersymbol interference caused by FTN transmission.
  • the demodulator 38 demodulates the received block from which the influence of intersymbol interference has been removed.
  • the kth symbol in the received block is expressed by the following equation.
  • L indicates the delay spread in the channel in units of symbol intervals.
  • ql indicates the magnitude of interference of the l-th previous symbol with respect to the k-th symbol.
  • H is an N ⁇ N equivalent channel matrix defined by Equation (5), and indicates intersymbol interference in the received block.
  • h k represents the k-th column component of the equivalent channel matrix H.
  • the equivalent channel matrix H becomes a circulant matrix by assuming that the range in which intersymbol interference occurs is ⁇ .
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an outline of the equivalent channel matrix H.
  • the horizontal direction in FIG. 6 corresponds to the row direction of the equivalent channel matrix H, and the vertical direction corresponds to the column direction.
  • the interval assumed as the range in which intersymbol interference occurs does not have to be the same as the prefix length ⁇ .
  • a section shorter than the prefix length ⁇ may be assumed as a range in which symbol interference occurs.
  • the number of h (x) included in each row of the equivalent channel matrix H is less than ⁇ .
  • the channel matrix calculation unit 42 of this example calculates an equivalent channel matrix H based on the time interval T at which the transmission unit 18 outputs each symbol and the filter coefficient h (x) of the transmission filter 16.
  • These pieces of information may be stored in advance in the channel matrix calculation unit 42, or may be transmitted from the transmission device 10 to the channel matrix calculation unit 42. The transmission of the information may be performed prior to transmission of transmission data or may be performed simultaneously with the transmission data.
  • the interference removal unit 36 removes the influence of intersymbol interference specified by the equivalent channel matrix H from the reception block.
  • the interference removal unit 36 of this example converts the received block into a frequency domain signal, and removes the influence of intersymbol interference by calculation in the frequency domain.
  • the Fourier transform unit 40 performs fast Fourier transform on the received block from which the prefix has been removed, and transforms the received block into a frequency domain signal.
  • the FFT size in the Fourier transform unit 40 of this example is the same as the block length N.
  • the FFT size refers to the number of frequency bins in the spectrum.
  • Non-Patent Documents 3 and 4 equalization is performed in the time domain, but the amount of calculation increases geometrically as intersymbol interference (channel tap length) increases. For this reason, it is difficult to demodulate in real time in a high-speed communication environment using FTN.
  • the weight coefficient multiplication unit 44 multiplies each frequency component of the reception block by a weight coefficient corresponding to the equivalent channel matrix H to remove intersymbol interference.
  • a method of calculating the weight coefficient will be described using the following formulas (6) to (11).
  • the equivalent channel matrix H is a cyclic matrix, it is expressed by the following equation by eigenvalue decomposition.
  • Q is a discrete Fourier transform matrix
  • ⁇ is a diagonal matrix in which the i-th element is represented by the eigenvalue ⁇ (i, i) of the equivalent channel matrix H.
  • Q H is a conjugate transpose matrix of Q and corresponds to the inverse Fourier transform operation.
  • the reception block y f converted to the frequency domain is expressed by the following equation using Q and ⁇ shown in equation (6).
  • s f represents a transmission block converted into the frequency domain
  • n f represents a noise component converted into the frequency domain.
  • Weight coefficient multiplication unit 44 from the reception blocks y f, to recover the transmitted block s ⁇ the time domain.
  • the transmission block s ⁇ in the time domain is expressed by the following equation.
  • Weight coefficient multiplication unit 44 based on the equivalent channel matrix H, and calculate the diagonal matrix W satisfying the relation of equation (10), multiplying the received block y f.
  • Each element of the diagonal matrix W ⁇ (i, i) is an example of the weight coefficients to be multiplied to each frequency component of the received block y f.
  • the noise component n f is zero
  • the diagonal matrix W is an inverse matrix of the diagonal matrix ⁇ .
  • each element of the diagonal matrix W is calculated by the least square error method (MMSE method) as shown in the following equation.
  • MMSE method least square error method
  • Weight coefficient multiplication unit 44 the calculated diagonal matrix W, to multiply the received block y f.
  • the Fourier inverse transform unit 46 inversely transforms the reception block Wy f in the frequency domain multiplied by the weight coefficient into a time domain signal. Processing in the inverse Fourier transform unit 46 corresponds to the process of multiplying the Q H in the formula (10).
  • the transmission rate in the communication system 100 is given by Expression (1).
  • N / (N + ⁇ ) in equation (1) indicates a transmission rate loss due to the addition of a prefix.
  • the addition of the prefix causes a loss in terms of transmission power.
  • the modulation unit 12 selects a block size N that is sufficiently large with respect to the prefix length ⁇ .
  • the block size N is set to several tens to one hundred times the prefix length ⁇ .
  • the prefix adding unit 14 may determine the prefix length ⁇ based on the length N of each block of transmission data.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an operation example of the transmission device 10.
  • the transmission apparatus 10 receives the L-bit source bit string B.
  • the modulation unit 12 divides and modulates the source bit string B into transmission blocks including N symbols.
  • the prefix adding unit 14 adds a prefix to each transmission block.
  • the transmission filter 16 limits the band of each transmission block.
  • the transmission unit 18 performs FTN transmission of each transmission block.
  • the prefix adding unit 14 may adjust the prefix length ⁇ in accordance with the degree of inter-symbol interference caused by FTN transmission.
  • the degree of intersymbol interference refers to the maximum value of the symbol interval at which intersymbol interference that cannot be ignored, for example.
  • the prefix adding unit 14 may determine the prefix length ⁇ based on the symbol interval in the transmission unit 18. The shorter the symbol interval, the greater the degree of intersymbol interference, so the prefix adding unit 14 increases the prefix length ⁇ .
  • the prefix adding unit 14 may determine the prefix length ⁇ based on the filter characteristics of the transmission filter 16. For example, the prefix length ⁇ is determined based on the roll-off coefficient of the transmission filter 16. Since the degree of intersymbol interference increases as the roll-off coefficient decreases, the prefix adding unit 14 increases the prefix length ⁇ .
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an operation example of the receiving device 30.
  • the reception unit 32 samples the reception signal at a period T to generate a reception block.
  • the prefix removal unit 34 removes the prefix from each received block.
  • the channel matrix calculation unit 42 calculates an equivalent channel matrix H based on the symbol transmission interval T and the filter coefficient h in the transmission apparatus 10.
  • the channel matrix calculation unit 42 or the weight coefficient multiplication unit 44 further performs eigenvalue decomposition on the equivalent channel matrix H to further calculate matrices Q and ⁇ .
  • the Fourier transform unit 40 performs fast Fourier transform on the received block.
  • the weight coefficient multiplication unit 44 calculates the weight coefficient ⁇ (i, i) based on each element ⁇ (i, i) of the matrix ⁇ using Expression (11).
  • the weight coefficient multiplication unit 44 multiplies the frequency domain reception block by the weight coefficient. This removes intersymbol interference ( ⁇ ) from the received block.
  • the Fourier inverse transform unit 46 inversely transforms the reception block from which the intersymbol interference is removed into a time domain signal. Thereby, the transmission block which reduced the influence of the intersymbol interference by FTN transmission is acquired.
  • the demodulator 38 demodulates the time domain signal output from the inverse Fourier transform unit 46. As a result, the influence of intersymbol interference caused by FTN transmission can be reduced with a small amount of computation on the receiving side.
  • the fast Fourier transform of the reception block can be realized by N 2 complex multiplications.
  • the weight coefficient shown in the equation (11) can be calculated by 4N real number multiplications.
  • the multiplication of equation (10) can be realized by 2N real number multiplications.
  • the weight coefficient multiplication unit 44 may correct the random noise magnitude N 0 superimposed on the reception block based on the symbol interval T in the transmission unit 18 to remove intersymbol interference.
  • the weight coefficient multiplication unit 44 corrects N 0 in Equation (11) and calculates each weight coefficient ⁇ .
  • the weight coefficient multiplier 44 increases N 0 as the degree of intersymbol interference increases.
  • the weight coefficient multiplication unit 44 may increase N 0 as the symbol interval T decreases.
  • the weight coefficient multiplication unit 44 corrects N 0 based on the following equation.
  • 2 represents an estimation error of the equivalent channel matrix H on the vertical axis of FIG.
  • FIGS. 9 to 12 show simulation results for evaluating the characteristics of the communication system 100.
  • FIG. The simulation conditions are as follows.
  • FDE-MMSE frequency domain equivalent-least square error method, Equation 10.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a bit error rate (BER) with respect to a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
  • the modulation method was PSK (BPSK).
  • ⁇ was set to 0.7, and the prefix length was changed between 1 and 20.
  • the transmission rate R according to the equation (1) is 1.43.
  • the SNR is defined by E s / N 0 .
  • the BER is improved by increasing the prefix length ⁇ .
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the magnitude of the estimation error of the equivalent channel matrix H with respect to the pack coefficient ⁇ .
  • the equivalent channel matrix H is calculated on the assumption that intersymbol interference occurs only within the range of ⁇ .
  • the error for the matrix calculated without making the above assumption is calculated.
  • the estimation error increases as the pack coefficient ⁇ decreases.
  • the prefix length ⁇ preferably has such a size that the estimation error is sufficiently small.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the SNR with respect to the pack coefficient ⁇ .
  • BER 10 ⁇ 5 .
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a result of comparison between a transmission / reception method (FDE-FTN) in the communication system 100 and a conventional transmission / reception method (No ISI, ML Limit).
  • R in FIG. 12 is the transmission rate of equation (1), and indicates a relative value.
  • the transmission / reception method of the communication system 100 shows a lower BER than the conventional transmission / reception method.
  • the difference becomes more significant as the transmission rate increases. That is, according to the communication system 100, communication at a high transmission rate can be easily realized.
  • High-speed FTN communication can be realized with a realistic reception calculation amount.
  • the concept of FTN communication itself has been known, but complicated operations are required on the receiving side, and FTN communication cannot be realized on a realistic receiving device scale.
  • the communication system 100 of this example enables high-speed FTN communication on a realistic device scale for the first time, and a dramatic increase in transmission rate can be expected.
  • Communication system 100 is not limited to a wireless communication system.
  • the present invention can be applied to any band-limited communication system such as optical fiber communication and satellite communication.
  • Non-Patent Document 5 discloses signal equivalence using a cyclic prefix.
  • Non-Patent Document 5 is to remove intersymbol interference due to frequency selective fading in the channel, and does not suggest any removal of intersymbol interference due to FTN transmission.
  • the equivalent method is applied to FTN transmission, no specific application method is suggested, such as what parameters should be used by the receiving side to execute the equivalent processing. For this reason, the transmission rate cannot be improved as in the communication system 100.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an operation example of the modulation unit 12 and the prefix addition unit 14.
  • the modulation unit 12 of this example receives a source bit string indicating information to be transmitted.
  • the modulation unit 12 divides the source bit string into a plurality of sub-blocks having a predetermined length.
  • the length indicates the number of bits included in the sub-block.
  • the source bit string is divided into sub-blocks each having a length of 6 bits. Each sub-block has the same length.
  • the modulation unit 12 uses a part of the bit values of the source bit string as symbol position data and converts the remaining bit values into transmission symbols S for each sub-block.
  • the modulation unit 12 of this example converts the first 4 bits of each sub-block into a transmission symbol S and uses the remaining 2 bits as symbol position data.
  • the modulation unit 12 converts the source bit string into a symbol string based on the transmission symbol S and symbol position data of each sub-block. Specifically, a symbol string is generated in which transmission symbols S of each subblock are arranged at symbol positions corresponding to the symbol position data of each subblock. Each sub-block in the symbol string has the number of symbols corresponding to the number of bits of the symbol position data. That is, if the number of bits of the symbol position data is v, each sub-block length is 2 ⁇ v symbol intervals. Thereby, a different symbol position is assigned to each bit pattern of the symbol position data.
  • the first, second, third, and fourth symbol positions are assigned to the bit patterns 00, 01, 10, and 11 of the symbol position data.
  • the symbol position data of sub-block 0 in this example is 01
  • transmission symbol S 0 is the second symbol in sub-block 0.
  • the values of symbols other than the transmission symbol S in the symbol string are set to predetermined constant values.
  • the values of symbols other than the transmission symbol S are preferably zero.
  • the modulation unit 12 divides the symbol sequence into N symbols, and generates the transmission block described with reference to FIG.
  • the modulation unit 12 in this example divides every N symbols, including symbols other than the transmission symbol S (in this example, symbols having a value of 0).
  • the modulation unit 12 sets sub-block 0 to sub-block 2 as one transmission block.
  • the boundary of the transmission block may or may not coincide with the boundary of the sub-block.
  • the modulation unit 12 inputs a transmission block obtained by dividing the symbol string to the prefix addition unit 14.
  • the prefix adding unit 14 adds a prefix to the head of each transmission block.
  • the length of the prefix is 3 symbols.
  • the transmission symbols S are arranged at positions corresponding to the symbol position data, the average interval of the transmission symbols S can be widened as compared with the case where the transmission symbols S are arranged continuously. For this reason, interference between transmission symbols can be reduced. Therefore, even if the transmission rate in FTN transmission is increased, interference between transmission symbols can be suppressed.
  • the symbol position data information can be decoded from the position of the received transmission symbol S.
  • the symbols interval T in this example is not the interval between the transmission symbols S but the interval between symbols including symbols other than the transmission symbols S.
  • the symbol interval T indicates an interval between the transmission symbol S and a symbol having a value of 0.
  • the demodulator 38 in the receiving device 30 divides the symbol string in the received data into a plurality of sub-blocks. The length of the sub-block may be notified from the transmission device 10 to the reception device 30.
  • the demodulator 38 demodulates the original source bit string based on the transmission symbol S in each sub-block and the position of the transmission symbol S. The relationship between the position of the transmission symbol S and the bit pattern of the original symbol position data may be notified from the transmission device 10 to the reception device 30.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating another configuration example of the communication system 100.
  • the transmission unit 18, the channel 20, and the reception unit 32 are omitted.
  • the transmission apparatus 10 includes an RSC encoder 50, a first interleaver 52, an allocation unit 54, a plurality of URC encoders 56, a plurality of second interleavers 58, a plurality of FTN sub-encoders 60, and a combining unit 62.
  • the receiving device 30 also includes an assigning unit 64, a plurality of FTN sub-decoders 66, a plurality of third interleavers 68, a plurality of URC decoders 70, a combining unit 72, a fourth interleaver 74, and an RSC decoder 76.
  • the RSC encoder 50 adds an RSC (Recursive Systemical Convolutional) code, which is an error correction code, to a source bit string indicating information to be transmitted.
  • RSC Recursive Systemical Convolutional
  • the ratio between the number of bits of the original information to which the RSC encoder 50 adds the RSC code and the total number of bits after the RSC code is added is defined as the coding rate in the RSC encoder 50.
  • the RSC encoder 50 can be replaced with an arbitrary convolutional code encoder.
  • the first interleaver 52 interleaves the bit string output from the RSC encoder 50.
  • interleaving refers to processing for rearranging the order of bits.
  • the allocation unit 54 allocates and inputs each bit of the source bit string to which the RSC code output from the first interleaver 52 is added to one of the plurality of URC encoders 56.
  • the allocation unit 54 inputs each bit to one of the URC encoders 56 so that the ratio of the number of bits input to each URC encoder 56 becomes a predetermined ratio.
  • the plurality of URC encoders 56 add a URC (Unity Rate Convolutional) code, which is an error correction code, to the input bit string.
  • the plurality of second interleavers 58 are provided one-on-one with respect to the plurality of URC encoders 56. Each second interleaver 58 interleaves the bit string output from the corresponding URC encoder 56.
  • the plurality of FTN sub-encoders 60 are provided one-on-one with respect to the plurality of second interleavers 58. Each FTN sub-encoder 60 generates a symbol string corresponding to the bit string input from the corresponding second interleaver 58. Each FTN sub-encoder 60 functions as the modulation unit 12, the prefix addition unit 14, and the transmission filter 16 described with reference to FIGS. However, each FTN sub-encoder 60 has different characteristics.
  • the plurality of FTN sub-encoders 60 include two or more FTN sub-encoders 60 that generate symbol sequences for transmitting symbols at different time intervals T, respectively.
  • the prefix length in each FTN sub-encoder 60 is different.
  • the symbol sequence generated by each FTN sub-encoder 60 is transmitted by the transmission unit 18 at a corresponding time interval T.
  • the plurality of FTN sub-encoders 60 may include two or more FTN sub-encoders 60 having different sub-block lengths described with reference to FIG. That is, the average interval of the transmission symbol S is different in each FTN sub-encoder 60.
  • the plurality of FTN sub-encoders 60 may include two or more FTN sub-encoders 60 having different roll-off rates ⁇ .
  • the plurality of FTN sub-encoders 60 include two or more FTN sub-encoders 60 having different parameters in the modulation unit 12, the prefix addition unit 14, and the transmission filter 16 described with reference to FIGS. Good. Further, in the plurality of FTN sub-encoders 60, any of the parameters in the modulation unit 12, the prefix addition unit 14, and the transmission filter 16 may be variable.
  • the synthesizing unit 62 synthesizes the symbol sequences output from the plurality of FTN sub-encoders 60 and transmits them to the transmitting unit 18.
  • the combining unit 62 may combine the symbol sequences output from the plurality of FTN sub-encoders 60 in order.
  • the receiving device 30 decodes the transmission data transmitted by the transmitting device 10.
  • the receiving device 30 of this example includes components corresponding to the respective components in the transmitting device 10 and performs inverse conversion of processing of each component in the transmitting device 10. Information such as a prefix length necessary for reverse conversion is notified from the transmission device 10 to the reception device 30.
  • the receiving device 30 passes processing results between the outer configuration and the inner configuration.
  • the outer configuration and the inner configuration further process information based on the processing result of the other party and transmit the processing result to the other party. By repeating such processing, the accuracy of decoding received data is improved.
  • the iterative process is described in the following document, for example.
  • the allocation unit 64 inputs the symbol string of the received data received from the reception unit 32 to each FTN sub-decoder 66 at a rate corresponding to the ratio of the number of bits in the allocation unit 54.
  • the plurality of FTN sub-decoders 66 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of FTN sub-encoders 60.
  • Each FTN sub-decoder 66 performs inverse conversion of processing in the corresponding FTN sub-encoder 60.
  • Each FTN sub-decoder 66 has functions of a prefix removal unit 34, an interference removal unit 36, and a demodulation unit 38.
  • the plurality of third interleavers 68 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of FTN sub-decoders 66.
  • Each third interleaver 68 transmits information to and from the corresponding FTN sub-decoder 66 and URC decoder 70.
  • the third interleaver 68 functions as a deinterleaver that performs a reverse conversion to the second interleaver 58.
  • the second interleaver 58 functions as an interleaver.
  • the plurality of URC decoders 70 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of third interleavers 68. Each URC decoder 70 corrects an error in the bit string based on the URC code.
  • the synthesizer 72 synthesizes the bit strings output from the plurality of URC decoders. Further, when the combining unit 72 receives information from the outer fourth interleaver 74, the combining unit 72 inputs each information to the corresponding URC decoder 70.
  • the URC decoder 70 and the FTN sub-decoder 66 process the received data again based on information from the outside. Further, output information is exchanged between URC decoder 70 and FTN subdecoder 66 a predetermined number of times, and decoding is performed.
  • the fourth interleaver 74 transmits information between the combining unit 72 and the RSC decoder 76. Similarly to the third interleaver 68, the fourth interleaver 74 functions as both a deinterleaver and an interleaver.
  • the RSC decoder 76 corrects an error in the bit string using the RSC code included in the input bit string.
  • the assigning unit 54 controls the ratio of the number of bits assigned to each URC encoder 56 so that the decoding of the received data in the receiving device 30 is optimized.
  • the optimal bit number ratio can be analyzed using an EXIT (EXTrinsic Information Transfer) chart.
  • FIG. 15 shows an example of an EXIT chart in the receiving apparatus 30 shown in FIG.
  • the horizontal axis in FIG. 15 indicates the input mutual information amount IA received from the configuration outside the receiving device 30 by the configuration inside the receiving device 30 (FTN subdecoder 66 and URC encoder 56), and the vertical axis indicates the receiving device 30.
  • the output mutual information IE to be output to the configuration outside the receiving apparatus 30 is shown in the inner configuration of FIG.
  • the horizontal axis also corresponds to the output mutual information amount IE in the configuration outside the receiving apparatus 30 (RSC decoder 76), and the vertical axis also corresponds to the input mutual information amount IA in the outer configuration.
  • a mutual information amount value of 1 indicates that the transmission data information has been completely decoded, and a value of 0 indicates that the information has not been decoded at all.
  • the solid line is an inner EXIT curve showing the relationship between the input mutual information amount and the output mutual information amount in the configuration inside the receiving device 30.
  • a broken line is an outer EXIT curve showing the relationship between the input mutual information amount and the output mutual information amount in the configuration outside the receiving apparatus 30.
  • a line plotted with a circle is an individual EXIT curve showing the relationship between the input mutual information amount and the output mutual information amount in each set of the FTN sub-decoder 66 and the URC encoder 56.
  • the inner EXIT curve is a ratio of symbols inputted to the respective FTN sub-decoders 66 (that is, a ratio of bits inputted by the allocation unit 54 to the URC encoder 56 and the FTN sub-encoder 60). It is a curve weighted and added by.
  • the output mutual information IE is non-zero (about 0.2 in FIG. 15) even if the input mutual information IA from the outer configuration is zero. .
  • the output mutual information IE inside the receiving device 30 becomes the input mutual information IA having a configuration outside the receiving device 30.
  • the configuration outside the receiving device 30 outputs output mutual information IE corresponding to the input mutual information IA (about 0.1 in FIG. 15).
  • the output mutual information IE of the configuration outside the receiving device 30 becomes the input mutual information IA of the configuration inside the receiving device 30.
  • the internal configuration of the receiving device 30 outputs output mutual information IE (about 0.28 in FIG. 15) corresponding to the input mutual information IA. By repeating such processing, the mutual information amount gradually increases.
  • the inner EXIT curve and the outer EXIT curve are preferably as close as possible. A state where the two curves deviate indicates that the transmission data is given more redundancy than necessary. This causes a loss in transmission efficiency.
  • the value of the output mutual information amount IE of the inner EXIT curve is larger than the value of the input mutual information amount IA of the outer EXIT curve over the entire range of the input mutual information amount IA of the inner EXIT curve of the receiving device 30. preferable. Thereby, the mutual information amount can be set to 1 by repeating the mutual processing in the configuration inside and outside the receiving apparatus 30.
  • the outer EXIT curve changes depending on the coding rate in the RSC encoder 50.
  • the allocation unit 54 of this example controls the ratio of the number of bits input to each URC encoder 56 and FTN sub-encoder 60 based on the coding rate in the RSC encoder 50. Thereby, the weight of the individual EXIT curve can be changed according to the change of the outer EXIT curve, and the inner EXIT curve approximated to the outer EXIT curve can be generated.
  • the assigning unit 54 is given in advance an outer EXIT curve for each coding rate. Further, each EXIT curve is given to the allocation unit 54 in advance.
  • the assigning unit 54 controls the ratio of the number of bits input to each URC encoder 56 so that the outer EXIT curve and the inner EXIT curve are equal to or less than a predetermined interval.
  • the interval may be an interval in the vertical axis direction at a predetermined value on the horizontal axis of the EXIT chart.
  • the ratio of the number of bits input to each URC encoder 56 is set so that the difference between the outer EXIT curve and the inner EXIT curve in the vertical axis direction is 0.05 or less. You may control.
  • the interval may be given by the area of a region sandwiched between the outer EXIT curve and the inner EXIT curve in the EXIT chart.
  • the assigning unit 54 has a value of the output mutual information amount IE of the inner EXIT curve larger than a value of the input mutual information amount IA of the outer EXIT curve over the entire range of the input mutual information amount IA of the inner EXIT curve.
  • the upper limit of the mutual information amount can be set to 1.
  • the allocating unit 54 may further control the ratio of the number of bits input to each URC encoder 56 based on the S / N ratio in the channel 20.
  • the allocation unit 54 is given in advance an individual EXIT curve for each S / N ratio.
  • the transmitting apparatus 10 may transmit a pilot signal for measuring the S / N ratio to the receiving apparatus 30 before transmitting a signal to be transmitted.
  • the receiving device 30 measures the S / N ratio in the channel 20 based on the received known pilot signal.
  • the receiving device 30 notifies the transmitting device 10 of the S / N ratio. With such a configuration, it is possible to optimize a transmission signal by optimizing a combination of parameters in FTN transmission.
  • FIG. 16 shows an example of the hardware configuration of the computer 1900.
  • the computer 1900 functions as at least a part of the transmission device 10 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 15 or at least a part of the reception device 30.
  • Two computers 1900 may function as at least a part of the communication system 100.
  • the computer 1900 includes a CPU peripheral unit having a CPU 2000, a RAM 2020, a graphic controller 2075, and a display device 2080 that are connected to each other by a host controller 2082, and a communication interface 2030 that is connected to the host controller 2082 by an input / output controller 2084.
  • An input / output unit having a hard disk drive 2040 and a CD-ROM drive 2060, and a legacy input / output unit having a ROM 2010, a flexible disk drive 2050, and an input / output chip 2070 connected to the input / output controller 2084.
  • the host controller 2082 connects the RAM 2020 to the CPU 2000 and the graphic controller 2075 that access the RAM 2020 at a high transfer rate.
  • the CPU 2000 operates based on programs stored in the ROM 2010 and the RAM 2020 and controls each unit.
  • the graphic controller 2075 acquires image data generated by the CPU 2000 or the like on a frame buffer provided in the RAM 2020 and displays it on the display device 2080.
  • the graphic controller 2075 may include a frame buffer for storing image data generated by the CPU 2000 or the like.
  • the input / output controller 2084 connects the host controller 2082 to the communication interface 2030, the hard disk drive 2040, and the CD-ROM drive 2060, which are relatively high-speed input / output devices.
  • the communication interface 2030 communicates with other devices via a network.
  • the hard disk drive 2040 stores programs and data used by the CPU 2000 in the computer 1900.
  • the CD-ROM drive 2060 reads a program or data from the CD-ROM 2095 and provides it to the hard disk drive 2040 via the RAM 2020.
  • the ROM 2010, the flexible disk drive 2050, and the relatively low-speed input / output device of the input / output chip 2070 are connected to the input / output controller 2084.
  • the ROM 2010 stores a boot program that the computer 1900 executes at startup and / or a program that depends on the hardware of the computer 1900.
  • the flexible disk drive 2050 reads a program or data from the flexible disk 2090 and provides it to the hard disk drive 2040 via the RAM 2020.
  • the input / output chip 2070 connects the flexible disk drive 2050 to the input / output controller 2084 and inputs / outputs various input / output devices via, for example, a parallel port, a serial port, a keyboard port, a mouse port, and the like. Connect to controller 2084.
  • the program provided to the hard disk drive 2040 via the RAM 2020 is stored in a recording medium such as the flexible disk 2090, the CD-ROM 2095, or an IC card and provided by the user.
  • the program is read from the recording medium, installed in the hard disk drive 2040 in the computer 1900 via the RAM 2020, and executed by the CPU 2000.
  • a program that is installed in the computer 1900 and causes the computer 1900 to function as the transmission device 10 or the reception device 30 works on the CPU 2000 or the like to cause the computer 1900 to function as the transmission device 10 or the reception device 30, respectively.
  • the information processing described in these programs is read by the computer 1900, whereby the modulation unit 12, the prefix addition unit 14, the transmission filter, which are specific means in which the software and the various hardware resources described above cooperate. 16, the transmission unit 18, the reception unit 32, the prefix removal unit 34, the interference removal unit 36, and the demodulation unit 38. Then, the specific transmission device 10 or the reception device 30 corresponding to the purpose of use is constructed by realizing calculation or processing of information according to the purpose of use of the computer 1900 in this embodiment by these specific means. .
  • the CPU 2000 executes a communication program loaded on the RAM 2020 and executes a communication interface based on the processing content described in the communication program.
  • a communication process is instructed to 2030.
  • the communication interface 2030 reads transmission data stored in a transmission buffer area or the like provided on a storage device such as the RAM 2020, the hard disk drive 2040, the flexible disk 2090, or the CD-ROM 2095, and sends it to the network.
  • the reception data transmitted or received from the network is written into a reception buffer area or the like provided on the storage device.
  • the communication interface 2030 may transfer transmission / reception data to / from the storage device by a DMA (direct memory access) method. Instead, the CPU 2000 transfers the storage device or the communication interface 2030 as a transfer source.
  • the transmission / reception data may be transferred by reading the data from the data and writing the data to the communication interface 2030 or the storage device of the transfer destination.
  • the CPU 2000 is all or necessary from among files or databases stored in an external storage device such as a hard disk drive 2040, a CD-ROM drive 2060 (CD-ROM 2095), and a flexible disk drive 2050 (flexible disk 2090).
  • This portion is read into the RAM 2020 by DMA transfer or the like, and various processes are performed on the data on the RAM 2020. Then, CPU 2000 writes the processed data back to the external storage device by DMA transfer or the like.
  • the RAM 2020 and the external storage device are collectively referred to as a memory, a storage unit, or a storage device.
  • the CPU 2000 can also store a part of the RAM 2020 in the cache memory and perform reading and writing on the cache memory. Even in such a form, the cache memory bears a part of the function of the RAM 2020. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the cache memory is also included in the RAM 2020, the memory, and / or the storage device unless otherwise indicated. To do.
  • the CPU 2000 performs various operations, such as various operations, information processing, condition determination, information search / replacement, etc., described in the present embodiment, specified for the data read from the RAM 2020 by the instruction sequence of the program. Is written back to the RAM 2020.
  • the CPU 2000 determines whether or not the various variables shown in the present embodiment satisfy the conditions such as large, small, above, below, equal, etc., compared to other variables or constants.
  • the program branches to a different instruction sequence or calls a subroutine.
  • DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Transmission apparatus, 12 ... Modulation part, 14 ... Prefix addition part, 16 ... Transmission filter, 18 ... Transmission part, 20 ... Channel, 30 ... Reception apparatus, 32 ... Receiving part 34 ... Prefix removing part 36 ... Interference removing part 38 ... Demodulating part 40 ... Fourier transforming part 42 ... Channel matrix calculating part 44 ... Weight coefficient multiplying unit, 46 ... Fourier inverse transform unit, 50 ... RSC encoder, 52 ... first interleaver, 54 ... allocation unit, 56 ... URC encoder, 58 ... second Interleaver, 60 ... FTN sub-encoder, 62 ... combining unit, 64 ... assigning unit, 66 ...
  • FTN sub-decoder 68 ... third interleaver, 70 ... URC decoder, 72 ⁇ ⁇ Synthesizer, 74 ... 4th interleaver, 76 ... RSC decoder, 100 ... communication system, 1900 ... computer, 2000 ... CPU, 2010 ... ROM, 2020 ... RAM, 2030: Communication interface, 2040 ... Hard disk drive, 2050 ... Flexible disk drive, 2060 ... CD-ROM drive, 2070 ... I / O chip, 2075 ... Graphic controller, 2080 ..Display device, 2082 ... Host controller, 2084 ... Input / output controller, 2090 ... Flexible disk, 2095 ... CD-ROM

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
  • Error Detection And Correction (AREA)
  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un système de communication à bande limitée comprenant un dispositif de transmission et un dispositif de réception, le dispositif de transmission étant pourvu d'une unité d'ajout de préfixe pour ajouter, en tête de chaque bloc parmi des blocs de données à transmettre, un préfixe dans lequel des données d'une longueur prédéterminée situées en queue de chacun des blocs sont copiées, et d'une unité de transmission pour transmettre chaque symbole des données à transmettre auxquelles le préfixe est ajouté à intervalles de temps plus courts qu'une période de Nyquist correspondant à la bande du système de communication, et le dispositif de réception étant pourvu d'une unité d'enlèvement de préfixe pour enlever le préfixe de chaque bloc parmi des blocs de données reçues, et d'une unité de suppression de brouillage pour supprimer un brouillage entre symboles, provoqué par le fait que l'unité de transmission transmet les symboles à intervalles de temps plus courts que la période de Nyquist, dans chacun des blocs desquels le préfixe a été enlevé.
PCT/JP2014/001472 2013-04-26 2014-03-14 System de communication, dispositif de transmission, dispositif de reception, procede de communication et programme WO2014174754A1 (fr)

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