Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
  • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
  • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
  • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
  • C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
  • C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
  • C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to heat treatment of rails, including railway rails.
• a known cooling system for a hot-rolled long steel beam in particular a rail (RU 2450877 WO 2009/107639 MPK B21B45 / 02), comprising a plurality of chambers arranged in the longitudinal direction of the rolled steel beam, each of the plurality of chambers being made with a blast hole facing away from the chamber to a rolled steel beam, for drawing in compressed air for cooling introduced into the chamber through a gas inlet connected to the chamber, a nozzle plate with a plurality of nozzle openings located on the blast hole so that it faces a rolled steel beam, a nozzle for supplying cooling water to the chamber and a straightening plate located between the gas inlet and the nozzle for supplying cooling water and preventing the nozzle plate from being directly hit by compressed gas for cooling introduced through the inlet for gas, while the cooling system is configured to spray the cooling medium obtained by mixing the cooling water supplied through the nozzle for supplying cooling water and compressed gas for I cooling introduced through the gas inlet and rectified by a straightening plate in the direction of the
• This method is characterized in that the heat treatment of the rail is carried out by a medium with constant cooling ability, which does not provide a flexible change in the cooling rate during the heat treatment of one rail to obtain optimal rail characteristics.
• the disadvantage of the system is that the water supply nozzles are located after the straightening plate and supply water directly to the nozzle plates, which does not allow a sufficiently uniform distribution of water in the air. Therefore, an uneven distribution of the cooling medium (water-air mixture) on the nozzle plate. As a result, this leads to uneven spraying of the cooling medium through the nozzle openings and, accordingly, to uneven cooling of the heat-treating surface of the rail (steel beam).
• Another disadvantage is the means of achieving uniform distribution of air in the chamber, namely, a straightening plate mounted horizontally in a wide part of the chamber with the formation of such a gap in which compressed gas for cooling passing between the lateral edges of the straightening plate and the inner walls of the wide part of the chamber is evenly distributed in the narrow part of the camera.
• a straightening plate mounted horizontally in a wide part of the chamber with the formation of such a gap in which compressed gas for cooling passing between the lateral edges of the straightening plate and the inner walls of the wide part of the chamber is evenly distributed in the narrow part of the camera.
• the achievement of the technical result indicated in this patent is facilitated by the shape of the chamber, which is formed by a wide part, made wide for gas inlet, a narrow part, the width of which is smaller than that of the wide part, and an inclined part that connects the wide and narrow parts, while the blow hole is located at the end of the narrow part.
• Such a complex shape of the chambers is a disadvantage in terms of ease of design, layout and installation of devices for heat treatment of rails.
• Practical experience shows that the shape of the collectors is determined based on the specific conditions of the design of the heat treatment plant and it is advisable to use various forms of the upper, lower, side collectors, for example, for heat treatment of rails of variable and / or asymmetric profile, or long steel profiles, or design of installations in cramped production facilities conditions.
• the invention is known is a method and apparatus for heat treatment of a rail (patent RU 2456352 C21D9 / 04), comprising mechanisms for loading, unloading, positioning and fixing the rail, a turbocharger, a duct system and manifolds with nozzle openings for supplying a cooling medium to the rail head and sole simultaneously, mechanisms positioning of air ducts and manifolds with nozzle openings, cooling medium control system, temperature control system, characterized in that it has a system of pulsed quasi-continuous and / or continuous injection of water into an air stream containing a water tank, a system of water pipelines, water flow and pressure regulators in the form of controlled valves and controlled control valves, pulse injectors with a control system for water injection in a pulsed quasi-continuous and / or continuous mode into the air stream with a controlled change in the degree of air humidity and its pressure to ensure a change in cooling five medium, the mechanisms for loading, unloading, positioning and fixing of the rail are adapted to the rail arrangement in the
• the described method allows you to set the cooling mode and control the cooling rate of the rail, but at the inlet of the cooling medium into the collector there is an uneven flow of the cooling medium due to a sharp change in the flow rate due to the difference in cross sections (the cross section of the gas pipeline is much smaller than the cross section of the collector), which leads to insufficient uniform distribution of the cooling medium inside the collector.
• the technical result is the simultaneous coupling of mating surfaces of the pipeline and the manifold that differ in shape and a smooth change in the flow rate of the cooling medium at the inlet to the collector, as well as the dissection of the flow of cooling medium inside the collector, which together contributes to a uniform distribution of the flow of cooling medium in the collector and obtain the desired ) uniform distribution of the cooling medium on the rail surface.
• a device for heat treatment of a rail containing a system of gas pipelines, water pipelines, a system of pulsed quasi-continuous and / or continuous injection of water into a gas stream, including pulse injectors with a control system for injecting water in a pulsed quasi-continuous and / or continuous mode into a stream gas environment with a controlled change in the degree of humidity of the gas and its pressure to ensure changes in the cooling ability of the medium, cooling modules, each of which comprises an upper and / or side and / or lower headers for supplying the cooling medium simultaneously on the head and rail foot, in which according to the invention, the feed gas medium pipelines involve the collectors by transient flanges with built-in injectors, the outlet openings of which are directed to the pipelines of the gaseous medium to form a cooling medium, while at least] dividers are installed in the upper collectors.
• Figure 2 is a schematic view of a cooling module, where
• FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a manifold with a transition flange (option I)
• FIG. 4. - schematic view of a rail with collector grids
• FIG. 5. - schematic view of a divider in a collector
• ⁇ is the angle between the slopes of the divider
• f is the distance from the divider to the grate
• FIG. 6- schematic view of a manifold with adapter flange (option II)
• Fig.7 is a schematic view of a manifold with an adapter flange (option III)
• Fig.8 is a schematic view of a manifold with a transition flange (option IV)
• Fig.9 is a schematic view of a manifold with a transition flange (option V)
• FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a manifold with a transition flange (option VI)
• FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a manifold with an adapter flange (option VII)
• cooling modules 2 are arranged in series. The number of cooling modules 2 is determined so as to simultaneously provide cooling for the entire length of the rail 1.
• Each cooling module 2 may contain: an upper 3 collector, and / or one side 4 collector, and / or two side 4 collectors and / or lower 5 collector (Fig. 1) located along the respective cooled surfaces of rail 1.
• Collectors 3, 4, 5 are connected to the piping system 6 of the gas medium connected to the piping system 7 water.
• System 8 (Fig. 2) pulsed quasi-continuous and / or continuous injection of water into the gas stream.
• collectors 3, 4, 5 it is preferable to make the collectors 3, 4, 5 in the form of a longitudinally oriented parallelepiped (Fig. 3), or other (different) types of shapes depending on the types of heat-treated surfaces and the layout conditions of the cooling modules 2. Some possible options are shown in Fig. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11.
• Collector 3, 4, 5 it has an inlet 11 providing an input of a cooling medium, and the side facing the surface of the rail 1 is a grating 9 (Fig. 2) with guide holes 9a (Figs. 4, 5) for supplying a cooling medium to the heat-treated surface of the rail.
• the area of the inlet 11 of the collector may be less than or equal to the area of the grille 9 of the collector.
• the inlet 11 of the collector 3, 4, 5 can be located both parallel and at an angle to the grill 9 with the guide holes 9a.
• the gas pipeline 6 is interfaced with the manifold 3, 4, 5 by the adapter flange 10 (Fig. 2, 3), which in the best way ensures the connection of the gas pipeline 6 and the manifold 3, 4, 5, which significantly differ in the shape of the mating surfaces, and at the same time provides a smooth change flow rates of the cooling medium at the inlet to the collector.
• An injector 12 is integrated in the adapter flange 10, so that its outlet is directed into the gas medium conduit 6 (FIG. 3) to form a cooling medium.
• a divider 13 is installed (Fig. 3, 5), which provides a cut-off of the flow of the cooling medium inside the collector.
• the divider 13 is a gable surface (figure 5).
• the length of the divider 13, as a rule, has from 0.5 to 0.9 the length of the collector, the width 1 of the slope of the divider is calculated by the formula p / (2sin ( ⁇ / 2)) ⁇ 1 ⁇ b / (2sin ( ⁇ / 2)), where ⁇ is the width of the inlet 11; ⁇ is the angle between the surfaces of the slope of the divider, with ⁇ ⁇ 180. b is the width of the collector
• a divider 13 having a surface with round holes and / or grooves of a rectangular and / or other shape.
• the surface of the divider 13 in length may have a variable width.
• transitional flanges, gable dividers and gratings with guide holes allow the use of manifolds of various shapes for differentiated heat treatment (in accordance with the types of heat-treated products).
• the device operates as follows:
• the device allows for adjustable differential cooling in both “through” and “cage” modes.
• the rail moves relative to the cooling modules with a programmable speed.
• the rail In the “charge” cooling mode, the rail is stationary relative to the cooling modules. Rail 1 with rolling or separate heating is fed into the quenching device, positioned relative to the cooling modules 2. Cooling starts from a temperature not lower than the austenization temperature of the rail.
• a turbocharger (not shown in FIG.) Delivers gas through pipelines 6.
• the water flowing through pipelines 7, injectors 12, built into the adapter flange 10, are injected into the pipelines 6 of the gas medium, where the mixing of water with gas leads to the formation of a cooling medium.
• the control system 8 depending on the temperature and humidity of the environment, controls the mass flow rate of the gas, providing a predetermined pressure in the collectors 3,4,5, and the injected water, adjusting their mass ratio in a given interval to obtain a cooling medium with specified characteristics that provides a given (constant / required) flow rate of the coolant flow
• the macro and microstructure of heat-treated samples was evaluated on full-profile templates. No dark and light bands were observed in the macrostructure; the microstructure is perlite of varying degrees of dispersion.
• the uniformity of the heat treatment of the rails along the length of the collectors was assessed by the hardness of the HB measured on the roll surface of the rail head (PCG) with a pitch of 50 mm, after removing the surface decarburized layer to 0.5 mm. Distribution (values) of Brinell hardness on the rolling surface of the rail head are shown in Fig.12.
• the proposed device for heat treatment of rails simultaneously solves the problem of pairing mating surfaces of the pipeline and the manifold and smoothly changing the flow rate of the cooling medium at the inlet to the collector, as well as cutting the flow of the cooling medium inside the collector, which together contributes to a uniform distribution of the flow of cooling medium in the collector and obtaining the required (predetermined) uniform distribution of the cooling medium on the rail surface.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
• Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)

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Citations (7)

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• 2013
  • 2013-04-17 EP EP13882352.1A patent/EP2987872B1/en active Active
  • 2013-04-17 WO PCT/RU2013/000327 patent/WO2014171848A1/ru active Application Filing
  • 2013-04-17 RU RU2014106308A patent/RU2607882C1/ru active
  • 2013-04-17 EA EA201500843A patent/EA027490B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2013-04-17 PL PL13882352T patent/PL2987872T3/pl unknown
  • 2013-04-17 TR TR2018/12809T patent/TR201812809T4/tr unknown

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