WO2014171244A1 - Machine-outil et procédé de coupe pour pièce à usiner ayant une section en saillie - Google Patents

Machine-outil et procédé de coupe pour pièce à usiner ayant une section en saillie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014171244A1
WO2014171244A1 PCT/JP2014/056945 JP2014056945W WO2014171244A1 WO 2014171244 A1 WO2014171244 A1 WO 2014171244A1 JP 2014056945 W JP2014056945 W JP 2014056945W WO 2014171244 A1 WO2014171244 A1 WO 2014171244A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tool
axis direction
workpiece
axis
cut
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Application number
PCT/JP2014/056945
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
石原正史
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村田機械株式会社
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Publication date
Application filed by 村田機械株式会社 filed Critical 村田機械株式会社
Priority to JP2015512361A priority Critical patent/JPWO2014171244A1/ja
Publication of WO2014171244A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014171244A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B1/00—Methods for turning or working essentially requiring the use of turning-machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B23B5/18—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for turning crankshafts, eccentrics, or cams, e.g. crankpin lathes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a machine tool suitable for cutting a cylindrical surface to be cut, such as a bearing support portion such as a camshaft, a crankshaft, etc., having an overhanging portion projecting outward on both sides in the axial direction.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for cutting a workpiece with an overhang using the machine tool.
  • a cutting edge 20a such as a normal turning tool or the like.
  • FIGS. 2B and 2C by feeding from the center of the surface to be cut F toward both overhang portions Wa and Wb. Then, each side is processed with separate tools 20 and 20.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool capable of machining a cylindrical surface to be cut having overhang portions on both sides in the axial direction with high accuracy and high efficiency, and a cutting method for a workpiece with an overhang portion. It is.
  • the machine tool according to the present invention has overhang portions (Wa, Wb, Wc) projecting to the larger diameter side than the surfaces to be cut (F1, F2) on both sides in the axial direction of the cylindrical surfaces to be cut (F1, F2).
  • Wd) is a machine tool (1) for cutting the cut surface (F1, F2) of a work (W) having a spindle (2) that supports and rotates an end of the work (W).
  • the tool (20A) has a linear cutting edge (20Aa), and the cutting edge (20Aa) is parallel to a YZ plane which is a plane including the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and Z It is inclined with respect to the axial direction.
  • the position of the cutting edge (20Aa) of the tool (20A) is a position in the Z-axis direction within the range of the cut surface (F1, F2) of the workpiece (W), And it is a position in the X-axis direction where a cutting depth determined with respect to the cut surface (F1, F2) of the workpiece (W) is obtained, and is determined in the Y-axis direction with respect to the workpiece (W).
  • the tool (20A) is moved to the Y-axis cutting feed start position at a certain distance, and then the cutting edge (20Aa) of the tool (20A) passes through the cut surface (F1, F2) of the workpiece (W). Thus, the tool (20A) is moved in the Y-axis direction.
  • the tool (20A) has a linear cutting edge (20Aa)
  • a single cutting feed operation can be performed in a wide range in the Z-axis direction of the surface to be cut (F1, F2), for example, overhang portions (Wa, Wb on both sides). , Wc, Wd), the entire width of the cut surface (F1, F2) can be cut.
  • the cutting edge (20Aa) of the tool (20A) is parallel to the YZ plane and is inclined with respect to the Z-axis direction, the workpiece cutting points at the cutting edge (20Aa) of the tool (20A) are continuous. Process while shifting. Therefore, the feed mark can be reduced and the surface roughness can be processed satisfactorily.
  • the frictional heat due to the chips does not concentrate on one point of the cutting edge (20Aa).
  • the machining speed can be increased, a cylindrical surface to be cut having overhangs on both sides in the axial direction can be machined with high accuracy and high efficiency, and the durability of the tool can be improved.
  • the tool (20A) is relatively movable in the Z-axis direction with respect to the main axis, and the width of the work surface (F1, F2) of the workpiece (W) in the Z-axis direction is
  • the machining control device (30) moves the tool (20A) in the Y-axis direction while moving the tool (20A) in the Z-axis direction. May be.
  • the to-be-cut surface (F1, F2) whose width in the Z-axis direction is wider than the cutting edge (20Aa) of the tool (20A) can be cut by only one cutting feed operation.
  • the method of cutting a workpiece with an overhang portion includes an overhang projecting on both sides in the axial direction of a cylindrical surface to be cut (F1, F2) to the larger diameter side than the surface to be cut (F1, F2). It is a method of cutting the said to-be-cut surface (F1, F2) of the workpiece
  • the direction of the axis (O1) of the main shaft (2) that supports and rotates the end of the workpiece (W) is the Z-axis direction
  • the workpiece
  • the cutting direction of W) into the cut surface (F1, F2) is the X-axis direction and the direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction is the Y-axis direction
  • the straight line of the tool (20A) The tool (20A) is held so that the cutting edge (20Aa) is parallel to the YZ plane, which is a plane including the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and is inclined with respect to the Z-axis direction
  • the position of the cutting edge (20Aa) of the tool (20A) is a position in the Z-axis direction within the range of the cut surface (F1, F2) of the workpiece (W), and the workpiece (W )
  • the surface to be cut (F1, F2) of the workpiece (W) is machined with the tool (20A) having the linear cutting edge (20Aa), so that the surface to be cut in one Y-axis cutting feed process.
  • a wide range of (F1, F2) in the Z-axis direction for example, the entire width of the surface to be cut (F1, F2) between the protruding portions (Wa, Wb, Wc, Wd) on both sides can be cut. Since the cutting edge (20Aa) of the tool (20A) is parallel to the YZ plane and inclined with respect to the Z-axis direction, the workpiece cutting point at the cutting edge (20Aa) of the tool (20A) is continuously set. Process while shifting.
  • the feed mark can be reduced and the surface roughness can be processed satisfactorily.
  • the cutting point on the workpiece is continuously shifted and the cutting portion that is the contact portion between the workpiece and the cutting edge is substantially linear, frictional heat due to chips may be concentrated on one point of the cutting edge (20Aa). Absent.
  • the machining speed can be increased, a cylindrical surface to be cut having overhangs on both sides in the axial direction can be machined with high accuracy and high efficiency, and the durability of the tool can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 It is the figure which added the block diagram of a control system to the partially broken front view of the machine tool concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is a partially broken side view of the machine tool.
  • (A) is the front view of the tool holder and tool of the machine tool
  • (B) is the side view
  • (C) is the bottom view of the tool for special processing.
  • (A) is a side view of an example of a workpiece
  • (B) is the front view.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially broken front view of a machine tool according to this embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a partially broken side view thereof.
  • This machine tool is a lathe, and a spindle 2 extending in the left-right direction in a front view is rotatably installed on a bed 1 (FIG. 2) via a spindle stock 3 (FIG. 1).
  • a rotation center 5 (FIG. 1) supported by the core presser 4 (FIG. 1) is provided on an extension line of O1.
  • One end of the work W is gripped by a chuck 2 a (FIG. 1) that is a part of the main shaft 2 provided at the tip of the main shaft 2, and the center of the other end is supported by the rotation center 5.
  • the main shaft 2 is rotationally driven via a transmission mechanism 7 (FIG. 2) by a main shaft motor 6 (FIG. 2) composed of a servo motor or the like.
  • a pair of processing means 10 are provided above and below the position where the workpiece W is supported by the spindle 2.
  • Each processing means 10 moves the turret-type tool holder 14 in the Z-axis direction with respect to the bed 1 via the Z-axis feed base 11 (FIG. 2), the X-axis feed base 12, and the Y-axis feed base 13. It is installed so as to be movable in three axial directions orthogonal to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
  • the Z-axis direction indicates the direction of the axis O1 of the main shaft 2.
  • the X-axis direction refers to the cutting direction of the workpiece W into the cut surface F1 (FIG. 1).
  • the Y-axis direction refers to a direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction.
  • the X-axis direction is the vertical direction
  • the Y-axis direction is the front-rear direction
  • the Z-axis direction is the left-right direction.
  • the Z-axis feed base 11 is installed on a guide 1a (FIG. 2) in the Z-axis direction provided on the bed 1 so as to freely advance and retreat, and includes a Z-axis servo motor 16a (FIG. 1) and a feed screw mechanism (not shown). Driven back and forth in the Z-axis direction by the Z-axis moving mechanism 16 (FIG. 2).
  • the X-axis feed base 12 is installed on a guide 11a (FIG. 2) in the X-axis direction provided on the Z-axis feed base 11 so as to freely advance and retreat, and an X-axis servo motor 17a (FIG. 1) and a feed screw mechanism (not shown).
  • the Y-axis feed base 13 is installed on a guide 12a in the Y-axis direction provided on the X-axis feed base 12 so as to be able to advance and retreat, and comprises a servo motor 18a (FIG. 1) and a feed screw mechanism (not shown).
  • the mechanism 18 is driven back and forth in the Y-axis direction.
  • the tool holder 14 is of a turret type, and can turn around a turning axis O2 parallel to the axis O1 (FIG. 1) of the main shaft 2.
  • the tool holder 14 has a polygonal shape as viewed from the direction along the turning axis O2, and a plurality of tool mounting portions 14a are provided on the outer periphery thereof.
  • the tool mounting portion 14 a may be a part of the tool holder 14 or may be a tool holder provided separately from the tool holder 14.
  • a tool 20 is mounted on each tool mounting portion 14a.
  • a machining position P in which an arbitrary tool 20 among the plurality of tools 20 mounted on each tool mounting portion 14a is determined by rotating the tool holder 14 around the rotation axis O2 by an index drive mechanism (not shown). (Fig. 2).
  • a special processing tool 20A is included. 1 and 2, a special processing tool 20 ⁇ / b> A is attached to the tool holder 14 of the upper processing means 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the special processing tool 20A has a linear cutting edge 20Aa.
  • the tool holder 14A has a tool holder 14A so that the cutting edge 20Aa is parallel to the YZ plane, which is a plane including the Y axis direction and the Z axis direction, and is inclined with respect to the Z axis direction during processing. It is attached to.
  • the machine tool is entirely covered with a machine body cover 22, and a space in which the headstock 3 and the tool holder 14 are installed in the machine body cover 22 is a machining area Q.
  • the entire bottom surface of the processing region Q is formed in an inclined hopper-like portion 23 (FIG. 2), and one end 24a (FIG. 2) is formed under an opening (not shown) portion of the bottom surface of the hopper-like portion 23.
  • the chip conveyor 24 located extends to the rear of the machine tool through a space penetrating the front and back of the lower surface of the bed 1.
  • the front surface of the processing area Q can be opened and closed by an opening / closing door 25 provided on the machine body cover 22.
  • this machine tool is controlled by a machining control device 30.
  • the processing control device 30 includes a computer-type numerical control device and a programmer controller, and controls a normal processing control unit 31 that controls processing by a tool 20 other than the special processing tool 20A, and processing by the special processing tool 20A.
  • a special processing control unit 32 includes an approach control unit 33 and a Y-axis cutting feed control unit 34. Based on the command determined by the normal machining control unit 31 or the special machining control unit 32, the servo motors 17a, 18a, and 16a are driven through the X-axis driver 35, the Y-axis driver 36, and the Z-axis driver 37. .
  • the normal machining control unit 31 adjusts the position of the tool holder 14 in the X-axis direction so that the cutting edge of the tool 20 has a predetermined cutting depth with respect to the workpiece W. It is a control part which performs the well-known process which moves the tool holder 14 to a Z-axis direction, and performs a cutting process.
  • the special machining control unit 32 is a control unit that cuts the cut surfaces F1 and F2 of the workpiece W as shown in FIG.
  • the workpiece W has a cylindrical surface to be cut F1 and F2, and projecting portions Wa, Wb, and Wc that protrude to the larger diameter side of the surfaces to be cut F1 and F2 on both sides in the axial direction of the surfaces to be cut F1 and F2. , Wd.
  • the workpiece W in the illustrated example is a camshaft of an engine, and the surfaces to be cut F1 and F2 are bearing support portions in which a bearing is fitted on the outer periphery. In addition to the camshaft, the present invention is also applied to the machining of the bearing support portion of the crankshaft.
  • the approach control means 33 of the special machining control unit 32 performs control to move the tool 20A from the standby position to a predetermined Y-axis cutting feed start position.
  • the standby position is not particularly limited, and may be a specific position that is determined, or may be a position where the previous cutting process has been completed.
  • the Y-axis cutting feed start position is a position in the Z-axis direction in which the position of the cutting edge 20Aa of the tool 20A is within the range of the cut surfaces F1 and F2 of the workpiece W, and with respect to the cut surfaces F1 and F2 of the workpiece W.
  • the Y-axis cutting feed control means 34 moves the tool 20A in the Y-axis direction so that the cutting edge 20Aa of the tool 20A passes through the surfaces to be cut F1 and F2 of the workpiece W from the Y-axis cutting feed start position. Take control.
  • the machining control device 30 is specifically configured as shown in FIG. That is, the machining control device 30 includes a program storage unit 41 and an arithmetic control unit 42.
  • the program storage means 41 stores a machining program 43 for normal machining and a program 44 for special machining.
  • the machining program 43 for normal machining is a program for executing control of the normal machining control unit 31.
  • the special machining program 44 includes an approach program 45 and a cutting feed program 46.
  • the approach program 45 is a program for executing the control of the approach control means 33.
  • the Y-axis cutting feed program 46 is a program for executing control of the Y-axis cutting feed control means 34.
  • the arithmetic control unit 42 decodes and executes the machining programs 43 and 44, and includes a CPU 47, a memory 48, and the like.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory view in which a broken plan view and a broken front view showing the positional relationship between the workpiece W and the tool 20A in each process of machining are shown together in one figure.
  • Each broken plan view of FIG. 6 is a plan view broken along the VIa-VIa plane of FIG. 3A with reference to the tool 20A.
  • Each broken front view of FIG. 6 is a plan view taken along the VIb-VIb plane of FIG. The same applies to FIG. 7 used in the later description.
  • the dashed-two dotted line in FIG. 6 (A), (B) shows the target outer diameter of the to-be-cut surface F1 used as a process target.
  • the tool 20A is moved from the machining position P (FIG. 2) or the standby position to the Y-axis cutting feed start position under the control of the approach control means 33, and the tool 20A is moved to FIG. 6 (A).
  • the position of the cutting edge 20Aa of the tool 20A at this time is between the overhanging portions Wa and Wb on both sides of the cut surface F1 to be machined in the Z-axis direction, and the target of the cut surface F1 in the X-axis direction.
  • the height is the same as the upper end of the outer diameter, and the Y-axis direction is upstream of the workpiece W in the tool feed direction (left side in the figure).
  • FIG. 5B shows a state at the time when one end (the upper end in the fracture plan view) of the workpiece W starts to be cut to the target outer diameter by the tip S of the cutting edge 20Aa of the tool 20A.
  • FIG. 6C shows a state in which the Y-axis feed of the tool 20A has been completed and the entire width of the cut surface F1 has been cut to the target outer diameter.
  • the tool 20A Since the tool 20A has a straight cutting edge 20Aa, it is possible to cut a wide range in the Z-axis direction of the surface F1 to be cut by one cutting feed operation. Since the cutting edge 20Aa of the tool 20A is parallel to the YZ plane and inclined with respect to the Z-axis direction, the workpiece cutting point on the cutting edge 20Aa is processed while being continuously displaced. Therefore, the feed mark can be reduced and the surface roughness can be processed satisfactorily. In the conventional processing using a cutting tool or the like, it was necessary to perform grinding processing later in order to obtain high-precision surface roughness. However, in the processing using the special processing tool 20A, a high-precision surface can be obtained by itself. Since the roughness can be obtained, it is possible to eliminate grinding. Moreover, since the workpiece cutting point is continuously shifted, frictional heat due to chips does not concentrate on one point of the cutting edge 20Aa. Thereby, the processing speed can be increased and the durability of the tool 20A can be improved.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of machining in the case where the width of the cutting surface F1 in the Z-axis direction is wider than the width of the cutting edge 20Aa of the tool 20A in the Z-axis direction.
  • the tool 20A is fed in the Z axis while feeding the tool 20A in the process of shifting from the figure (B) to the figure (C). The rest is the same as the processing example of FIG.
  • the tool 20A is fed simultaneously in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, so that the surface to be cut F1 wider than the cutting edge 20Aa of the tool 20A can be cut only once. Can be cut with.
  • this machine tool uses the tool 20A for special machining and feeds the tool under the control of the approach control means 33 and the Y-axis cutting feed control means 34, so that the overhang portions Wa, Wb, Cylindrical surface to be cut F1 and F2 with Wc and Wd can be processed with high accuracy and high efficiency.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une machine-outil haute précision, pouvant réaliser un usinage de haute efficacité d'une surface à couper ayant une forme cylindrique et une section en saillie prévue sur chacun de ses côtés dans la direction axiale. La machine-outil comprend : un arbre principal (2) supportant une section d'extrémité d'une pièce à usiner (W) et tournante ; un outil (20A) mobile par rapport à l'arbre principal (2) dans les directions de l'axe X et de l'axe Y ; et un dispositif de commande d'usinage (30) qui commande le mouvement de l'outil (20A). L'outil (20A) présente une pointe de lame linéaire. La pointe de lame est parallèle au plan Y-Z et est inclinée par rapport à la direction de l'axe Z. Le dispositif de commande d'usinage (30) amène l'outil (20A) à se déplacer vers une position de départ d'alimentation de coupe d'axe Y stipulée, puis amène l'outil (20A) à se déplacer dans la direction de l'axe Y de sorte que la pointe de lame de l'outil (20A) traverse la surface à couper (F1) de la pièce à usiner (W).
PCT/JP2014/056945 2013-04-16 2014-03-14 Machine-outil et procédé de coupe pour pièce à usiner ayant une section en saillie WO2014171244A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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JP2015512361A JPWO2014171244A1 (ja) 2013-04-16 2014-03-14 工作機械および張出部付きワークの切削加工方法

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JP2013-085697 2013-04-16
JP2013085697 2013-04-16

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017043171A1 (fr) * 2015-09-09 2017-03-16 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de machine, appareil de fabrication d'une pièce de machine, procédé d'usinage d'une surface à symétrie de révolution, support d'enregistrement, et programme
EP3330026A1 (fr) * 2016-12-05 2018-06-06 Audi Ag Outil de turnage, en particulier outil de brochage rotatif
CN109604635A (zh) * 2019-01-28 2019-04-12 重庆大学 一种立式数控车床变进给车削断屑方法

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US5025689A (en) * 1988-03-22 1991-06-25 Boehringer Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh Method and apparatus for machining axially symmetrical parts
JPH05293701A (ja) * 1992-04-17 1993-11-09 Toyoda Mach Works Ltd 溝入れ旋盤
JP2005014167A (ja) * 2003-06-27 2005-01-20 Hitachi Ltd 複数の偏心部を有する軸の加工方法

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US2232324A (en) * 1939-11-16 1941-02-18 Rk Leblond Machine Tool Co Orbital lathe
JP3984052B2 (ja) * 1999-12-17 2007-09-26 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 回転対称面のねじれの発生しない切削加工方法
DE102011113756B4 (de) * 2011-09-18 2020-12-31 Mag Ias Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Fertigbearbeitung von Werkstücken

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US5025689A (en) * 1988-03-22 1991-06-25 Boehringer Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh Method and apparatus for machining axially symmetrical parts
JPH05293701A (ja) * 1992-04-17 1993-11-09 Toyoda Mach Works Ltd 溝入れ旋盤
JP2005014167A (ja) * 2003-06-27 2005-01-20 Hitachi Ltd 複数の偏心部を有する軸の加工方法

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017043171A1 (fr) * 2015-09-09 2017-03-16 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de machine, appareil de fabrication d'une pièce de machine, procédé d'usinage d'une surface à symétrie de révolution, support d'enregistrement, et programme
CN107949448A (zh) * 2015-09-09 2018-04-20 住友电工硬质合金株式会社 用于制造机器部件的方法、用于制造机器部件的设备、用于加工旋转对称面的方法、记录介质和程序
JPWO2017043171A1 (ja) * 2015-09-09 2018-06-28 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 機械部品の製造方法、機械部品の製造装置、回転対称面の加工方法、記録媒体およびプログラム
CN107949448B (zh) * 2015-09-09 2019-05-14 住友电工硬质合金株式会社 用于制造机器部件的方法、用于制造机器部件的设备、用于加工旋转对称面的方法和记录介质
EP3330026A1 (fr) * 2016-12-05 2018-06-06 Audi Ag Outil de turnage, en particulier outil de brochage rotatif
CN109604635A (zh) * 2019-01-28 2019-04-12 重庆大学 一种立式数控车床变进给车削断屑方法

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