WO2014170086A1 - Blast furnace plant and operation method - Google Patents
Blast furnace plant and operation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014170086A1 WO2014170086A1 PCT/EP2014/055681 EP2014055681W WO2014170086A1 WO 2014170086 A1 WO2014170086 A1 WO 2014170086A1 EP 2014055681 W EP2014055681 W EP 2014055681W WO 2014170086 A1 WO2014170086 A1 WO 2014170086A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- blast furnace
- blast
- hot blast
- generator
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/06—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace using top gas in the blast furnace process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/002—Evacuating and treating of exhaust gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
- C21B2100/22—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by reforming
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
- C21B2100/26—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by adding additional fuel in recirculation pipes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/122—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by capturing or storing CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
Definitions
- This invention relates to apparatus and method for a blast furnace plant, including generation of hot blast for a blast furnace.
- a conventional blast furnace plant comprises a blast furnace, a gas cleaning stage for cleaning blast furnace gases generated in the blast furnace and stoves for heating cold blast to the required temperature, using the cleaned blast furnace gas as a fuel supply in the stoves.
- the cleaned gases are stored in a gas holder and drawn on as required.
- Hot blast stoves comprise a combustion chamber and a chequer chamber, so that in one cycle of operation heat is generated by combustion in the combustion chamber and stored in the brickwork of the chequer chamber and in another cycle, the stored heat in the chequer chamber is extracted to heat the blast.
- Hot blast stoves are a significant contributor to the overall emissions of a blast furnace plant.
- the burning of blast furnace gas (BFG), or coke oven gas (COG) in the stoves during the combustion cycle generates a large volume of C02 in the flue gas, which is vented to atmosphere via a chimney stack.
- the emissions levels of hot blast stoves have been controlled by improving combustion efficiency to reduce the quantity of CO generated.
- the volume of C02 increases.
- the only developments currently in place to reduce C02 emissions from blast furnace sources are carbon capture and storage, whereby the C02 is chemically removed from the gas stream and stored.
- an iron producing blast furnace hot blast generator comprising a pressurised combustion chamber; a heat source for the combustion chamber; a compressor to compress blast furnace gas; a blast furnace gas inlet to the combustion chamber for supplying compressed blast furnace gas from the compressor to the chamber; an air compressor or source of oxygen at pressure; an air or oxygen inlet respectively connected to the combustion chamber for supplying the pressurised air or oxygen to the chamber; a hot blast outlet from the chamber; and a controller to control heat and gas supply to the chamber; wherein the combustion chamber further comprises at least one enrichment gas inlet; and wherein the generator further comprises an oxygen inlet coupled to the hot blast outlet.
- the present invention addresses the problem of high volumes of C02 being generated in hot blast stoves by means of a system using direct injection of combusted blast furnace gas mixed with enrichment gas for combustion and post-combustion oxygen for controlling oxygen content in the blast furnace, whereby hot blast for supply at the tuyeres of an iron producing blast furnace is generated.
- the invention uses direct injection of the hot blast into the blast furnace in a stoveless system, without venting C02 to atmosphere.
- the enrichment gas inlet is coupled to a source of high calorific value gas, such as coke oven gas, or natural gas.
- a source of high calorific value gas such as coke oven gas, or natural gas.
- a blast furnace plant comprises a blast furnace; a gas cleaning unit; and a hot blast generator according to the first aspect.
- the blast furnace plant further comprises a blast furnace gas store for storing cleaned blast furnace gas.
- the enrichment gas comprises high calorific value gas, such as coke oven gas, or natural gas.
- a combustion chamber of the hot blast generator is maintained at a substantially constant pressure.
- Figure 1 illustrates a conventional blast furnace plant arrangement
- Figure 2 illustrates operation of a hot blast stove in the plant of Fig.1 in more detail
- FIG. 3 shows a blast furnace plant arrangement according to the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a flow diagram of a method of operation according to the present invention.
- gas from the top of a blast furnace 1 is taken off and supplied 20 to a gas cleaning plant 2.
- the extracted gas passes through the gas cleaning plant 2 in order to remove dust from the gas.
- Cleaned gas is then supplied 21 to a gas holder 3 where it is stored until required and then supplied 9 to hot blast stoves 4 to be burned to provide heat for heating the cold blast for the blast furnace.
- Fig.2 Operation of one of the stoves is illustrated in more detail in Fig.2.
- the blast furnace gas supply 9 is burned in a combustion chamber 6 along with coke oven gas 10 to increase the flame temperature and a combustion air supply 11.
- the products of this combustion pass up through the combustion chamber 6 and into a chequer chamber 5, where a large mass of refractory bricks absorb and store the heat from the combustion.
- the products of combustion then exit the stove as a waste gas stream 12 in a waste gas system and are vented to atmosphere.
- This waste gas stream 12 is a significant source of emissions for the blast furnace plant, with large volumes of C0 2 generated during combustion, along with other pollutants including CO and NOx.
- the hot blast stove is up to temperature the coke oven gas 10, blast furnace gas 9 and air 11 supplies are stopped. At this point the stove is then pressurised using a small volume of cold blast 7. Once the stove has reached the required blast pressure the full cold blast supply 7 is opened. This cold blast supply, enriched with oxygen 13 then enters the stove 4 and travels up through the chequer chamber 5, absorbing the heat previously stored in the refractory bricks, before heading down through the combustion chamber 6 and out through a hot blast exit 8. Due to the nature of the hot blast stove, and the method of heating and cooling, as the cold blast absorbs heat from the refractory bricks, the final hot blast temperature at the hot blast outlet reduces over time. In order to supply a constant hot blast temperature to the blast furnace then the hot blast stove outlet temperature is higher than required at the blast furnace and a cold blast bypass 14 is used in order to cool the hot blast 8 to a constant temperature.
- the next stove in the system is brought on blast and the current stove then vents its pressure back down to atmospheric pressure and recommences the combustion phase, in order to regain the heat energy lost during the blast phase.
- the entire hot blast stove system 4 is replaced by one or more a hot blast generators comprising at least one high pressure burner 19 in a high pressure combustion chamber (15) in order to directly inject oxygen enriched flue gas, from combustion of the blast furnace gas 9, into the furnace 1 as hot blast 17.
- a hot blast generators comprising at least one high pressure burner 19 in a high pressure combustion chamber (15) in order to directly inject oxygen enriched flue gas, from combustion of the blast furnace gas 9, into the furnace 1 as hot blast 17.
- High pressure in this context is blast furnace pressure, typically a gauge pressure of the order of 3 bar to 5 bar. Whatever the actual pressure in the blast furnace, it is desirable that the pressure of the hot blast entering the blast furnace is substantially the same.
- Differences in pressure may cause problems, for example, if the hot blast pressure is too high then there is a risk of over-pressurising the furnace and releasing the bleeder valves, and if the hot blast pressure is too low then there may be problems with excessively high velocities and with lower mass flowrates of blast air of gas due to the reduced density at low pressure.
- the blast furnace gas 9 is compressed in compressor 18 to boost the gas pressure to blast furnace pressure, then the blast furnace gas 9 passes through inlet 22 and is mixed in a high pressure combustion chamber with high pressure combustion air or oxygen 11 supplied through inlet 23.
- the air has also been compressed 22 to blast furnace pressure, or if oxygen, this is supplied at blast furnace pressure from an on-site oxygen plant and an enrichment gas 10, such as coke oven gas, is also mixed in for combustion. All inputs to the system either into the burner, or into the hot blast main afterwards are at blast furnace pressure, or higher. This mixture is burned and supplied directly to the blast furnace 1.
- the basic fuel gas for combustion is the blast furnace gas 9, which is mixed with the air, or oxygen 11.
- a second combustion gas is added through enrichment inlet 26 which is an enrichment gas supply, typically a high calorific value gas, such as coke oven gas, or natural gas or any other high calorific value gas.
- blast furnace flue gas as the source of hot blast, rather than using air has the effect that nitrogen, a large component of air, is no longer being added as blast.
- the main inert gas in flue gas from blast furnace gas combustion is C02.
- the furnace is started up with flue gas from combustion, although this initial gas may be supplied from a separate supply until the plant is up and running and the blast furnace gas has cycled through the system and become available.
- Fig.4 illustrates an example of a method of generating hot blast in a stoveless blast furnace plant once the blast furnace is up and running.
- Blast furnace flue gas is extracted 30 from the blast furnace and cleaned 31 in the gas cleaning unit 2. If necessary, the cleaned gas is stored 32 in the gasholder 3 for later use. When needed, the cleaned gas is compressed 33 and supplied 34 to the hot blast generator 15.
- Combustion gas and enrichment gas are mixed 35 with the blast furnace gas and then heated 36 by the burner in the combustion chamber.
- Post-combustion oxygen 17 is added and the hot blast is then supplied to the blast furnace.
- the main advantages of the present invention as compared with traditional blast furnace plants using hot blast stoves are significant reductions in emissions and cost.
- the waste gas stream 12 from the hot blast stoves 4 is effectively eliminated.
- By direct injection of flue gas from high pressure blast furnace gas combustion into the blast furnace all flue gas from combustion is sent to the furnace, so there are no stack emissions as per a hot blast stove.
- a further feature is that by replacing the entire hot blast stove system with a much smaller system, both space requirements and costs are reduced.
- the present invention may be installed in a new blast furnace plant, or retrofitted to an old one.
- a hot blast generator according to the invention is used instead. This is possible because the hot blast generated is supplied at the tuyeres without any additional gas supply higher up the blast furnace being needed, so no structural changes to the blast furnace are required.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
An iron producing blast furnace hot blast generator comprises a pressurised combustion chamber; a heat source (19) for the combustion chamber; a compressor (18) to compress blast furnace gas; a blast furnace gas (9) inlet (23) to the combustion chamber for supplying compressed blast furnace gas from the compressor to the chamber; an air compressor (22) or source of oxygen at pressure; an air or oxygen inlet (24) respectively, connected to the combustion chamber (15) for supplying pressurised air or oxygen (11) to the chamber; a hot blast outlet (25) from the chamber; and a controller to control heat and gas supply to the chamber. The combustion chamber further comprises at least one enrichment gas inlet (10); and wherein the generator further comprises an oxygen inlet (13) coupled to the hot blast outlet.
Description
BLAST FURNACE PLANT AND OPERATION METHOD
This invention relates to apparatus and method for a blast furnace plant, including generation of hot blast for a blast furnace.
A conventional blast furnace plant comprises a blast furnace, a gas cleaning stage for cleaning blast furnace gases generated in the blast furnace and stoves for heating cold blast to the required temperature, using the cleaned blast furnace gas as a fuel supply in the stoves. Typically, the cleaned gases are stored in a gas holder and drawn on as required. Hot blast stoves comprise a combustion chamber and a chequer chamber, so that in one cycle of operation heat is generated by combustion in the combustion chamber and stored in the brickwork of the chequer chamber and in another cycle, the stored heat in the chequer chamber is extracted to heat the blast. Hot blast stoves are a significant contributor to the overall emissions of a blast furnace plant. The burning of blast furnace gas (BFG), or coke oven gas (COG), in the stoves during the combustion cycle generates a large volume of C02 in the flue gas, which is vented to atmosphere via a chimney stack.
The emissions levels of hot blast stoves have been controlled by improving combustion efficiency to reduce the quantity of CO generated. However, by default the volume of C02 increases. The only developments currently in place to reduce C02 emissions from blast furnace sources are carbon capture and storage, whereby the C02 is chemically removed from the gas stream and stored.
In accordance with the present invention an iron producing blast furnace hot blast generator, the generator comprising a pressurised combustion chamber; a heat source for the combustion chamber; a compressor to compress blast furnace gas; a blast furnace gas inlet to the combustion chamber for supplying compressed blast furnace gas from the compressor to the chamber; an air compressor or source of oxygen at pressure; an air or oxygen inlet respectively connected to the combustion chamber for supplying the pressurised air or oxygen to the chamber; a hot blast outlet from the chamber; and a controller to control heat and gas supply to the chamber; wherein the combustion chamber further comprises at least one enrichment gas inlet; and wherein the generator further comprises an oxygen inlet coupled to the hot blast outlet.
The present invention addresses the problem of high volumes of C02 being generated in hot blast stoves by means of a system using direct injection of combusted
blast furnace gas mixed with enrichment gas for combustion and post-combustion oxygen for controlling oxygen content in the blast furnace, whereby hot blast for supply at the tuyeres of an iron producing blast furnace is generated. The invention uses direct injection of the hot blast into the blast furnace in a stoveless system, without venting C02 to atmosphere.
Preferably, the enrichment gas inlet is coupled to a source of high calorific value gas, such as coke oven gas, or natural gas.
In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention, a blast furnace plant comprises a blast furnace; a gas cleaning unit; and a hot blast generator according to the first aspect.
Preferably, the blast furnace plant further comprises a blast furnace gas store for storing cleaned blast furnace gas.
In accordance with a third aspect of the present invention, a method of generating hot blast for an iron producing blast furnace in a blast furnace plant comprising a blast furnace, a gas cleaning unit, a compressor and a hot blast generator comprises extracting blast furnace flue gas from the blast furnace; cleaning the blast furnace flue gas in the gas cleaning unit; supplying the cleaned blast furnace flue gas to the compressor; compressing the gas; supplying the compressed cleaned blast furnace flue gas to the hot blast generator; compressing air or sourcing oxygen at pressure; supplying the pressurised air or oxygen at pressure to the hot blast generator; the method further comprising controlling addition in the generator of the blast furnace gas and an enrichment gas to the compressed cleaned blast furnace flue gas to achieve a predetermined hot blast temperature; and generating hot blast in the generator;
controlling supply of post- combustion oxygen to achieve a predetermined oxygen content in the hot blast for supply to the blast furnace; and supplying the hot blast to the blast furnace.
Preferably, the enrichment gas comprises high calorific value gas, such as coke oven gas, or natural gas.
Preferably, a combustion chamber of the hot blast generator is maintained at a substantially constant pressure.
Apparatus and a method for the generation of hot blast for a blast furnace will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 illustrates a conventional blast furnace plant arrangement;
Figure 2 illustrates operation of a hot blast stove in the plant of Fig.1 in more detail;
Figure 3 shows a blast furnace plant arrangement according to the present invention; and,
Figure 4 is a flow diagram of a method of operation according to the present invention.
In operation of a conventional blast furnace plant, as illustrated in Fig.l, gas from the top of a blast furnace 1 is taken off and supplied 20 to a gas cleaning plant 2. The extracted gas passes through the gas cleaning plant 2 in order to remove dust from the gas. Cleaned gas is then supplied 21 to a gas holder 3 where it is stored until required and then supplied 9 to hot blast stoves 4 to be burned to provide heat for heating the cold blast for the blast furnace.
Operation of one of the stoves is illustrated in more detail in Fig.2. In the hot blast stove, the blast furnace gas supply 9 is burned in a combustion chamber 6 along with coke oven gas 10 to increase the flame temperature and a combustion air supply 11. The products of this combustion pass up through the combustion chamber 6 and into a chequer chamber 5, where a large mass of refractory bricks absorb and store the heat from the combustion. The products of combustion then exit the stove as a waste gas stream 12 in a waste gas system and are vented to atmosphere. This waste gas stream 12 is a significant source of emissions for the blast furnace plant, with large volumes of C02 generated during combustion, along with other pollutants including CO and NOx.
Once the hot blast stove is up to temperature the coke oven gas 10, blast furnace gas 9 and air 11 supplies are stopped. At this point the stove is then pressurised using a small volume of cold blast 7. Once the stove has reached the required blast pressure the full cold blast supply 7 is opened. This cold blast supply, enriched with oxygen 13 then enters the stove 4 and travels up through the chequer chamber 5, absorbing the heat previously stored in the refractory bricks, before heading down through the combustion chamber 6 and out through a hot blast exit 8. Due to the nature of the hot blast stove, and the method of heating and cooling, as the cold blast absorbs heat from the refractory bricks, the final hot blast temperature at the hot blast outlet reduces over time. In order to supply a constant hot blast temperature to the blast furnace then the
hot blast stove outlet temperature is higher than required at the blast furnace and a cold blast bypass 14 is used in order to cool the hot blast 8 to a constant temperature.
Once the temperature at the outlet of the stove 4 has dropped to a set target minimum temperature, the next stove in the system is brought on blast and the current stove then vents its pressure back down to atmospheric pressure and recommences the combustion phase, in order to regain the heat energy lost during the blast phase.
In the present invention, as illustrated in Fig.3, the entire hot blast stove system 4 is replaced by one or more a hot blast generators comprising at least one high pressure burner 19 in a high pressure combustion chamber (15) in order to directly inject oxygen enriched flue gas, from combustion of the blast furnace gas 9, into the furnace 1 as hot blast 17. High pressure in this context is blast furnace pressure, typically a gauge pressure of the order of 3 bar to 5 bar. Whatever the actual pressure in the blast furnace, it is desirable that the pressure of the hot blast entering the blast furnace is substantially the same. Differences in pressure may cause problems, for example, if the hot blast pressure is too high then there is a risk of over-pressurising the furnace and releasing the bleeder valves, and if the hot blast pressure is too low then there may be problems with excessively high velocities and with lower mass flowrates of blast air of gas due to the reduced density at low pressure.
The blast furnace gas 9 is compressed in compressor 18 to boost the gas pressure to blast furnace pressure, then the blast furnace gas 9 passes through inlet 22 and is mixed in a high pressure combustion chamber with high pressure combustion air or oxygen 11 supplied through inlet 23. The air has also been compressed 22 to blast furnace pressure, or if oxygen, this is supplied at blast furnace pressure from an on-site oxygen plant and an enrichment gas 10, such as coke oven gas, is also mixed in for combustion. All inputs to the system either into the burner, or into the hot blast main afterwards are at blast furnace pressure, or higher. This mixture is burned and supplied directly to the blast furnace 1. The basic fuel gas for combustion is the blast furnace gas 9, which is mixed with the air, or oxygen 11. In order to increase the maximum temperature, a second combustion gas is added through enrichment inlet 26 which is an enrichment gas supply, typically a high calorific value gas, such as coke oven gas, or natural gas or any other high calorific value gas.
After combustion, further oxygen 13 is then added to the high temperature, high pressure flue gas 16 from this combustion to create a gas with the same oxygen content
as traditional hot blast. The gas is then used as blast 17 for the furnace, supplied at the tuyeres. Addition of the enrichment gas 10, such as coke oven gas, or natural gas to the combustion, or adjustment of the volume of air or oxygen 11 supplied for combustion, allow the blast temperature to be increased and controlled. Varying the volume of gas enrichment 10 in the combustion varies the blast temperature, as the final blast temperature is directly related to the flame temperature in the high pressure combustion chamber of the generator 15. This replaces the cold blast bypass which was used to control the blast temperature in the hot blast stoves. Typically, the desired temperature of the hot blast for the blast furnace is in the range of 1000°C to 1250°C.
Use of blast furnace flue gas as the source of hot blast, rather than using air has the effect that nitrogen, a large component of air, is no longer being added as blast. The main inert gas in flue gas from blast furnace gas combustion is C02. The furnace is started up with flue gas from combustion, although this initial gas may be supplied from a separate supply until the plant is up and running and the blast furnace gas has cycled through the system and become available.
Fig.4 illustrates an example of a method of generating hot blast in a stoveless blast furnace plant once the blast furnace is up and running. Blast furnace flue gas is extracted 30 from the blast furnace and cleaned 31 in the gas cleaning unit 2. If necessary, the cleaned gas is stored 32 in the gasholder 3 for later use. When needed, the cleaned gas is compressed 33 and supplied 34 to the hot blast generator 15.
Combustion gas and enrichment gas are mixed 35 with the blast furnace gas and then heated 36 by the burner in the combustion chamber. Post-combustion oxygen 17 is added and the hot blast is then supplied to the blast furnace.
The main advantages of the present invention as compared with traditional blast furnace plants using hot blast stoves are significant reductions in emissions and cost. The waste gas stream 12 from the hot blast stoves 4 is effectively eliminated. By direct injection of flue gas from high pressure blast furnace gas combustion into the blast furnace, all flue gas from combustion is sent to the furnace, so there are no stack emissions as per a hot blast stove. There is a significant reduction of the overall emissions of the blast furnace plant, particularly if the resulting gas from the top of the blast furnace is also fully utilised. A further feature is that by replacing the entire hot blast stove system with a much smaller system, both space requirements and costs are reduced.
Another problem with the operational process for hot blast stoves is that they eventually suffer pressure fatigue due to the continuous cycle of pressurising and depressurising according to whether they are on gas, on blast or being maintained. Using the arrangement of the present invention, once brought into operation, the burner is kept at a constant pressure, typically blast furnace pressure (which may have a gauge pressure in the range of 3 bar to 5 bar), so the burner 15 does not suffer from the stresses associated with constant pressurising and depressurising that stoves 4 do.
The present invention may be installed in a new blast furnace plant, or retrofitted to an old one. For example, rather than repairing or replacing stoves which have reached the end of their useful life, a hot blast generator according to the invention is used instead. This is possible because the hot blast generated is supplied at the tuyeres without any additional gas supply higher up the blast furnace being needed, so no structural changes to the blast furnace are required.
Within the blast furnace 1, nitrogen traditionally contained within the blast furnace gas is replaced with C02. The effect of this change on the blast furnace chemistry needs to be taken into account when considering the carbon and oxygen balances within the blast furnace and more specifically the CO: C02 balance due to the effects of the Boudouard reaction, whereby C02 reacts with carbon to form carbon monoxide at high temperatures. This reaction is highly endothermic and therefore the required heat input to the furnace needs to be carefully controlled. The balance of CO / C02 supplied to the furnace may be controlled by reducing or increasing the efficiency of combustion, i.e. if the combustion in the hot blast generator is less efficient, the CO level in the gas supplied to the furnace is higher.
Claims
1. An iron producing blast furnace hot blast generator, the generator comprising a pressurised combustion chamber; a heat source for the combustion chamber; a compressor to compress blast furnace gas; a blast furnace gas inlet to the combustion chamber for supplying compressed blast furnace gas from the compressor to the chamber; an air compressor or source of oxygen at pressure; an air or oxygen inlet respectively connected to the combustion chamber for supplying the pressurised air or oxygen to the chamber; a hot blast outlet from the chamber; and a controller to control heat and gas supply to the chamber; wherein the combustion chamber further comprises at least one enrichment gas inlet; and wherein the generator further comprises a post- combustion oxygen inlet coupled to the hot blast outlet.
2. A hot blast generator according to claim 1, wherein the enrichment gas inlet is coupled to a source of high calorific value gas, such as coke oven gas, or natural gas.
3. A blast furnace plant comprising a blast furnace; a gas cleaning unit; and a hot blast generator according to claim 1 or claim 2.
4. A blast furnace plant according to claim 3, further comprising a blast furnace gas store for storing cleaned blast furnace gas.
5. A method of generating hot blast for an iron producing blast furnace in a blast furnace plant comprising a blast furnace, a gas cleaning unit, a compressor and a hot blast generator; the method comprising extracting blast furnace flue gas from the blast furnace; cleaning the blast furnace flue gas in the gas cleaning unit; supplying the cleaned blast furnace flue gas to the compressor; compressing the gas; supplying the compressed cleaned blast furnace flue gas to the hot blast generator; compressing air, supplying the pressurised air or oxygen at pressure to the hot blast generator; the method further comprising controlling addition in the generator of the blast furnace gas and an enrichment gas to achieve a predetermined hot blast temperature; and generating hot blast in the generator; controlling supply of post-combustion oxygen to achieve a
predetermined oxygen content in the hot blast for supply to the blast furnace; and supplying the hot blast to the blast furnace.
6. A method according to claim 5, wherein the enrichment gas comprises high calorific value gas, such as coke oven gas, or natural gas.
7. A method according to claim 5 or claim 6, wherein a combustion chamber of the hot blast generator is maintained at a substantially constant pressure.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1307117.0A GB2513185A (en) | 2013-04-19 | 2013-04-19 | Blast furnace plant |
| GB1307117.0 | 2013-04-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2014170086A1 true WO2014170086A1 (en) | 2014-10-23 |
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ID=48537506
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2014/055681 WO2014170086A1 (en) | 2013-04-19 | 2014-03-21 | Blast furnace plant and operation method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2513185A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014170086A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113825845A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2021-12-21 | 保尔伍斯股份有限公司 | Method for operating a metallurgical furnace |
| CN114263925A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-01 | 湖北信业热能工程有限公司 | Waste heat utilization method for waste flue gas of hot blast stove |
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| JP6954824B2 (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2021-10-27 | 日鉄エンジニアリング株式会社 | Hot air furnace equipment and hot air furnace operation method |
| LU101514B1 (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-06-07 | Wurth Paul Sa | Method for Converting a Blast Furnace Plant |
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| GB2437958A (en) * | 2006-05-13 | 2007-11-14 | Michael William Gammon | Operating ferrous and non-ferrous bast furnaces |
| JP5509676B2 (en) * | 2009-05-28 | 2014-06-04 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | How to operate a vertical furnace |
| US20110266726A1 (en) * | 2010-05-03 | 2011-11-03 | General Electric Company | Gas turbine exhaust as hot blast for a blast furnace |
| CN102220443A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2011-10-19 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Device and method for top gas enrichment utilization of blast furnace |
-
2013
- 2013-04-19 GB GB1307117.0A patent/GB2513185A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-03-21 WO PCT/EP2014/055681 patent/WO2014170086A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2207990A1 (en) * | 1972-11-25 | 1974-06-21 | Nippon Kokan Kk | |
| DE2459814B1 (en) * | 1974-12-18 | 1976-04-22 | Thyssen Purofer Gmbh | Plant for direct redn of iron ore to sponge iron - where crude gas passes through sulphur washer |
| AT505401A4 (en) * | 2008-02-15 | 2009-01-15 | Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh | Melting raw iron in blast furnace operated with oxygen or in melting reduction system, comprises recirculating scrubbed raw gas removed from reduction region by adding hydrocarbons into the region, and mixing the raw gas with hydrocarbons |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113825845A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2021-12-21 | 保尔伍斯股份有限公司 | Method for operating a metallurgical furnace |
| US11591662B2 (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2023-02-28 | Paul Wurth S.A. | Method for operating a metallurgical furnace |
| CN114263925A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-01 | 湖北信业热能工程有限公司 | Waste heat utilization method for waste flue gas of hot blast stove |
| CN114263925B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2024-03-29 | 湖北信业热能工程有限公司 | Method for utilizing waste heat of waste flue gas of hot blast stove |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB201307117D0 (en) | 2013-05-29 |
| GB2513185A (en) | 2014-10-22 |
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