WO2014166149A1 - 量子点电致发光显示器件及显示装置 - Google Patents
量子点电致发光显示器件及显示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014166149A1 WO2014166149A1 PCT/CN2013/076587 CN2013076587W WO2014166149A1 WO 2014166149 A1 WO2014166149 A1 WO 2014166149A1 CN 2013076587 W CN2013076587 W CN 2013076587W WO 2014166149 A1 WO2014166149 A1 WO 2014166149A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
- H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
- H10K59/351—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels comprising more than three subpixels, e.g. red-green-blue-white [RGBW]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional [2D] radiating surfaces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
- H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
- H10K59/38—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising colour filters or colour changing media [CCM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
- H10K2102/331—Nanoparticles used in non-emissive layers, e.g. in packaging layer
Definitions
- Quantum dot electroluminescent display device and display device are Quantum dot electroluminescent display devices and display device
- Embodiments of the present invention relate to a quantum dot electroluminescent display device and a display device. Background technique
- OELD Organic Electroluminescence Display
- OELD Organic Electroluminescence Display
- color conversion Color Conversion
- 1 is doped with Ce 4 aluminum garnet
- 2 is doped with Eu alkaline earth metal silicate
- Quantum Dots also known as nanocrystals, are, for example, nanoparticles composed of ⁇ -VI or III _ V elements.
- the quantum dot particle size is generally between 1 and 20 nm; since the electrons and holes therein are quantum confined, the continuous band structure becomes a discrete energy level structure with molecular characteristics, and can be excited after being excited.
- the emission of a quantum dot can be controlled by changing the size of the quantum dot. By changing the size of the quantum dot and its chemical composition, it can emit its optical language covering the entire visible region. Taking CdTe quantum dots as an example, when its particle size increases from 2.5 nm to 4.0 nm, its emission wavelength can be
- quantum dots can be used as molecular probes for fluorescent labeling by using the luminescent properties of quantum dots, and quantum dots can also be used in display devices as a light source for backlight modules of liquid crystal displays.
- the light emitted by the quantum dots after being excited by the blue light is mixed with the blue light to form white light, which has a large color gamut and can improve the picture quality.
- quantum dots have not been applied to the design of electroluminescent display devices in the prior art. Summary of the invention
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a quantum dot electroluminescent display device and a display device, which can be improved Shows the color purity of the device as well as the luminous efficiency.
- An aspect of the invention provides a quantum dot electroluminescent display device, wherein the display device is provided with a plurality of pixel units, each of the pixel units having a plurality of sub-pixel units displaying different colors, the display device
- the method includes: a substrate substrate; an electroluminescent structure disposed on the substrate of the substrate and located in a sub-pixel unit of each pixel unit; disposed in the sub-pixel unit of at least one color of each pixel unit and located in the at least one color a monochromatic quantum dot layer on the light exiting side of the electroluminescent structure of the sub-pixel unit, the monochromatic quantum dot layer emitting a monochromatic color corresponding to the color of the sub-pixel unit after being excited by light emitted by the electroluminescent structure Light.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides a display device comprising the quantum dot electroluminescent display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of a quantum dot electroluminescent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving circuit in a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of refraction of light in an existing display device
- FIG. 3b is a schematic view showing the refraction of the light in the display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a quantum dot electroluminescent display device having a color filter layer according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
- One embodiment of the present invention provides a quantum dot electroluminescent display device.
- the display device is provided with a plurality of pixel units, each of which has a plurality of sub-pixel units displaying different colors (shown by a broken line in the figure).
- These pixel units are arranged, for example, in an array (e.g., a matrix) in the same plane.
- an array e.g., a matrix
- the figure shows only a schematic cross-sectional view of three side-by-side pixels, it is obvious that the invention is not limited thereto.
- the display device includes: a village substrate 01; an electroluminescent structure 02 disposed on the substrate substrate 01 and located in a sub-pixel unit of each pixel unit; a sub-pixel unit disposed in at least one color of each pixel unit, and located
- a quantum dot is used as the light color conversion material.
- These quantum dots emit monochromatic light corresponding to the color of the sub-pixel unit after being excited by the light emitted by the electroluminescent structure. Since the quantum dot emission spectrum is narrow and the luminous efficiency is high, the color purity of the sub-pixel unit constituting the pixel unit can be improved, thereby improving the display quality of the display device. Since each particle in the monochromatic quantum dot layer can scatter the light emitted by the electroluminescence structure, the light transmittance of the light color conversion can be improved compared with the case where the inorganic doping system material is used as the light color conversion material, thereby improving Shows the luminous efficiency of the device.
- the quantum dot electroluminescent display device provided by the embodiment of the invention is an all-solid-state display device, which is resistant to impact and low temperature relative to the liquid crystal display device.
- Electroluminescence is a phenomenon in which a material emits light when it is applied to a material through a material or a strong electric field.
- electroluminescence can be achieved in a variety of alternative materials, such as organic or inorganic electroluminescent materials.
- the monochromatic quantum dot layer in the embodiment of the present invention is located in the same layer, and the quantum dots corresponding to different sub-pixel units are different.
- the different quantum dots may be different in material of the quantum dots or different in size of the quantum dots, but as long as the quantum dots in the region of the corresponding sub-pixel unit are excited to generate monochromatic light, the color is the same as the color to be displayed by the sub-pixel unit.
- the quantum dot layer is the same as the quantum dot in the sub-pixel unit region of the same color, and the quantum dots are different in the region of the sub-pixel unit of different colors, but the quantum dots of each region are excited to emit only monochromatic light. . Therefore, such a color conversion layer formed of quantum dots is referred to as a monochromatic quantum dot layer.
- the electroluminescent structure in the above quantum dot electroluminescent display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be active driving, that is, the electroluminescent structure located in each sub-pixel unit is controlled by a separate electronic component. Independent driving is achieved, such as by TFT (Thin Film Transistor) as a switching device.
- TFT Thin Film Transistor
- the electroluminescent structure can also be passively driven.
- each of the TFT devices in the active drive driving circuit may be, for example, an amorphous silicon (a-Si) TFT, an oxide semiconductor TFT, an LTPS-TFT (low temperature polysilicon) or an HTPS-TFT (high temperature polysilicon).
- quantum dot electroluminescent display devices provided in the embodiments of the present invention are all described by taking an active drive as an example.
- the electroluminescent structure 02 in the above-mentioned quantum dot electroluminescent display device may include: a first electrode 021 sequentially disposed on the substrate substrate 01, The light emitting layer 022 and the second electrode 023.
- the driving circuit 04 connected to each of the first electrodes 021 is generally disposed between the first electrode 021 and the substrate 01.
- An example of the driving circuit 04 is as shown in FIG. 2, and may include the following structures: a gate electrode 011, a gate insulating layer 012, an active layer 013, an ohmic contact layer 014, a source and drain electrode 015, which are sequentially formed on a substrate substrate, and Insulation layer 016. Patterns in these structures (e.g., gate layer pattern, source/drain layer pattern, etc.) can be formed, for example, by deposition, sputtering, or the like, and then patterned by exposure, development, etching, and the like.
- the electroluminescent structure 02 includes at least: a first electrode 021, a light emitting layer 022, and a second electrode 023 which are sequentially disposed on the substrate 01.
- the first electrode 021 is generally an anode, and may be a thin film of a material such as ITO (indium tin oxide) or IZO (indium oxide), and thus may be a transparent electrode;
- the second electrode is generally a cathode, and may be a metal layer, and The metal layer may be translucent or opaque depending on the direction of light emitted from the electroluminescent structure 02.
- the first electrode may be a cathode
- the second electrode may be an anode, that is, the cathode is located above the driving circuit on the substrate of the village, and the anode is located above the cathode.
- the electroluminescent structure 02 may further include other layers such as an electron injecting layer, an electron transporting layer, a hole injecting layer, a hole transporting layer, a hole blocking layer, and the like.
- an electron injecting layer such as an electron injecting layer, an electron transporting layer, a hole injecting layer, a hole transporting layer, a hole blocking layer, and the like.
- the deformation of these structures is not limited in the present invention.
- the electroluminescent structure 02 can be of the top emission type, that is, the side of the second electrode 023 is the light-emitting side of the electroluminescent structure 02, and the monochromatic quantum dot layer 03 is located above the second electrode 023.
- the second electrode 023 is generally a transparent conductive material capable of transmitting light, such as ITO, first.
- Electrode 021 is generally an opaque metal that is capable of reflecting light.
- the substrate 12 may be made of opaque metal or may be made of glass or a flexible material such as plastic.
- the driving circuit 04 adjusts the voltage input to each of the first electrodes 021, thereby adjusting the luminous intensity of the light-emitting layer 022 emitted from the second electrode 023 to control the luminous efficiency of each of the monochromatic quantum dot layers 03 while passing through different monochromatic quantum dots.
- the change in the intensity of the layer 03 illumination enables full color display.
- an insulating layer may be disposed between the second electrode 023 and the monochromatic quantum dot layer 03. (not shown in the figure).
- the electroluminescent structure 02 can also be of the bottom emission type, that is, the side where the first electrode 021 is located is the light exiting side of the electroluminescent structure 02, and the monochromatic quantum dot layer 03 is located at the first electrode 021 and the village.
- the base substrate 01 is generally located between the drive circuit 04 and the substrate substrate 01.
- the first electrode 021 is generally a transparent conductive material capable of transmitting light, such as ITO, second.
- Electrode 023 is generally an opaque metal that is capable of reflecting light.
- the driving circuit 04 adjusts the voltage input to each of the first electrodes 021, thereby adjusting the emission of the light-emitting layer 022 from the first electrode 021.
- the light intensity is used to control the luminous efficiency of each monochromatic quantum dot layer, and full color display is realized by the change of the intensity of light emission of different monochromatic quantum dot layers.
- the top-emitting type display device is disposed between the first electrode 021 and the bottom substrate 01, and the light-emitting side of the top-emitting type has no light-shielding layer (that is, the light blocking portion of the driving circuit 04 is blocked).
- the blocking of the layer), relative to the bottom emission type, has a higher pixel aperture ratio, which is advantageous for increasing the light transmittance of the display device and reducing the power consumption of the display device.
- the monochromatic quantum dot layer 03 located in each sub-pixel light-transmitting region can be separated by the black matrix 05 to avoid bad cross-color.
- the material of the black matrix 05 is usually a polymer or resin containing carbon black.
- the luminescent layer 022 in the electroluminescent structure can be a blue-emitting material, such as a GaN inorganic material that can electrically excite blue light, or an organic material.
- a blue-emitting material such as a GaN inorganic material that can electrically excite blue light, or an organic material.
- N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
- the display colors of the two sub-pixel units constituting one pixel unit may be orange and blue, respectively.
- a pixel unit is composed of sub-pixel units of three primary colors of blue, red and green, wherein one sub-pixel unit is not provided with a monochromatic quantum dot layer, that is, a via structure, and the blue light emitted by the electroluminescence structure is not single.
- the chromatic quantum dot layer is directly emitted, and the other two sub-pixel units are respectively provided with a red-emitting monochromatic quantum dot layer and a green-emitting monochromatic quantum dot layer.
- a material capable of emitting ultraviolet light may be selected as the material of the light-emitting layer in the electroluminescent structure, and the material may be an inorganic material or an organic material.
- the invention is not limited thereto.
- one pixel unit may be composed of sub-pixel units of primary colors of 3 colors or more.
- the invention is not limited thereto.
- a sub-pixel unit of three or more primary colors is used to form one pixel unit, the color gamut of the display device can be improved and the color saturation can be enhanced with respect to a pixel unit composed of the sub-pixel units of the conventional red, green and blue primary colors.
- each of the monochromatic quantum dot layers constituting one pixel unit can emit monochromatic light such as red light, green light, yellow light, orange light or cyan light after being excited by light emitted from the electroluminescence structure to realize full color display.
- the material of the monochromatic quantum dot layer may be selected from the group consisting of CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnO, ZnSe, ZnTe, and III-V GaAs, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, InAs, InP, InSb, AlAs, A1P, AlSb and other materials.
- the luminescent band of the quantum dot is controlled by controlling the particle size of the quantum dot.
- the quantum dots emitting red light are mainly 9 to 10 nm
- the size of the emitted yellow light quantum dots is 8 nm
- the size of the quantum dots emitting green light is 7 nm.
- the quantum dot has a particle size in the order of nanometers and the same order of magnitude as the light wave
- the quantum dot material is used as the light color conversion material, and the quantum dot particles can scatter the light emitted by the light emitting layer, and the light can be improved relative to the inorganic doping system material.
- the light transmittance of the color conversion improves the luminous efficiency of the display device.
- the light-emitting layer 022, the second electrode 023, the inorganic doped system material layer 06 conventionally used for color-color conversion, and the monochromatic quantum dot layer 03 have the same refractive index.
- nl the refractive index nl is usually larger than the refractive index n0 of the air.
- the light-emitting layer 022 having the refractive index n1, the second electrode 023, the inorganic doped system material layer 06, and the monochromatic quantum dot layer 03 have a critical angle i2, and the incident angle is three rays 1 and 2 of il ⁇ i2 ⁇ i3.
- the inorganic doping material layer 06 is used as a light-color conversion display device with a low light transmittance.
- the method further includes: setting the light-emitting side of each sub-pixel unit, and corresponding to each sub- Color filter layer 07 of pixel unit color.
- the color filter layer 07 can filter out stray light of a color other than the monochromatic light of the sub-pixel unit display color, and improve the color purity of each sub-pixel unit.
- the color filter layer 07 is also separated into sub-pixel units by the black matrix 051, and the color of the color filter layer 07 of each sub-pixel unit corresponds to the color of the sub-pixel unit.
- an embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device, including the above-mentioned quantum dot electroluminescent display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the principle of solving the problem by the device and the foregoing quantum dot electroluminescent display
- the devices are similar, so the implementation of the device can be seen in its implementation, and the repeated description will not be repeated.
- a quantum dot electroluminescent display device and a display device provided by an embodiment of the invention provide an electroluminescent structure in a sub-pixel unit of each pixel unit, a sub-pixel unit of at least one color of each pixel unit and is located in electroluminescence
- a light-emitting quantum layer is disposed on the light-emitting side of the structure, and the monochromatic quantum dot layer emits monochromatic light corresponding to the color of the sub-pixel unit after being excited by the light emitted by the electroluminescent structure.
- Embodiments of the present invention use quantum dots instead of existing inorganic doping systems as photochromic conversion materials, and quantum dots emit monochromatic light upon excitation by light from an electroluminescent structure.
- the quantum dot emission spectrum is narrow and the luminous efficiency is high, the color purity of each sub-pixel unit constituting the pixel unit can be improved, thereby improving the display quality of the display device.
- the light transmittance of the light color conversion can be improved with respect to the inorganic doping system material, thereby improving the luminous efficiency of the display device.
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Abstract
一种量子点电致发光显示器件及显示装置,在各像素单元的不同颜色的亚像素单元中设置电致发光结构(02),在各像素单元的至少一个颜色的亚像素单元中且位于该至少一个颜色的亚像素单元的电致发光结构(02)的出光侧设置单色量子点层(03),该单色量子点层(03)在受到电致发光结构(02)发出的光激发后发射对应亚像素单元颜色的单色光。
Description
量子点电致发光显示器件及显示装置 技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及一种量子点电致发光显示器件及显示装置。 背景技术
有机电致发光显示器 ( Organic Electroluminesence Display, OELD ) 由于 具备轻薄、 宽视角、 响应速度快、 高对比度等优点, 近年来越来越多的应用 于平板显示中。 结合发蓝光的 OELD与光色转换 (Color Conversion)材料是实 现 OELD全彩化的技术之一, 目前使用的光色转换材料主要为能被蓝光激发 的无机掺杂体系材料。例如,①掺 Ce 4乙铝石榴石; ②掺 Eu碱土金属硅酸盐;
③稀土离子掺杂的硅基氮化物或氮氧化物。 然而, 这些光色转换材料通常存 在色纯度及效率偏低的问题。
量子点 (Quantum Dots, QDs)又可以称纳米晶, 例如是一种由 Π - VI族 或 III _ V族元素组成的纳米颗粒。量子点的粒径一般介于 1 ~ 20nm之间; 由 于其中的电子和空穴被量子限域, 连续的能带结构变成具有分子特性的分立 能级结构, 受激后可以发射荧光。
量子点的发射光语可以通过改变量子点的尺寸大小来控制。 通过改变量 子点的尺寸和它的化学组成可以使其发射光语覆盖整个可见光区。 以 CdTe 量子 点为例, 当它的粒径从 2.5nm增加到 4.0nm时, 它的发射波长可以从
510nm红移到 660nm。
量子点的荧光强度和稳定性都 4艮好。 目前, 利用量子点的发光特性, 可 以将量子点作为分子探针应用于荧光标记, 也可以将量子点应用于显示器件 中, 作为液晶显示屏的背光模组的发光源。 量子点在受到蓝光激发后发出的 光与蓝光混色形成白光, 该白光具有较大的色域, 能提高画面品质。 但是, 现有技术中尚没有将量子点应用于电致发光显示器件的设计。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种量子点电致发光显示器件及显示装置, 可提高
显示器件的色纯度以及发光效率。
本发明的一个方面提供了一种量子点电致发光显示器件, 所述显示器件 内设置有多个像素单元, 每个所述像素单元具有多个显示不同颜色的亚像素 单元, 所述显示器件包括: 村底基板; 设置于所述村底基板上、 且位于各像 素单元的亚像素单元的电致发光结构; 设置于各像素单元的至少一个颜色的 亚像素单元中且位于该至少一个颜色的亚像素单元的电致发光结构的出光侧 的单色量子点层, 所述单色量子点层在受到所述电致发光结构发出的光激发 后发射对应所述亚像素单元颜色的单色光。
本发明的另一个方面提供了一种显示装置, 包括本发明实施例提供的量 子点电致发光显示器件。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案, 下面将对实施例的附图作 筒单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本发明的一些实施例, 而非对本发明的限制。
图 la-图 lc分别为本发明实施例提供的量子点电致发光显示器件的结构 示意图;
图 2为本发明实施例提供的显示器件中的驱动电路的结构示意图; 图 3a为光线在现有显示器件中的折射示意图;
图 3b为光线在本发明实施例提供的显示器件中的折射示意图; 图 4为本发明实施例提供的具有彩色滤光层的量子点电致发光显示器件 的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下面将结合本发 明实施例的附图,对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述。显然, 所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例, 而不是全部的实施例。 基于所描 述的本发明的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
附图中各层薄膜厚度和区域形状不反映的真实比例, 目的只是示意说明
本发明内容。
除非另作定义, 此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领 域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。 本发明专利申请说明书以及权 利要求书中使用的 "第一" 、 "第二" 以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、 数量或者重要性, 而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。 同样, "一个" 、 "一" 或者 "该"等类似词语也不表示数量限制, 而是表示存在至少一个。 "包括" 或者 "包含" 等类似的词语意指出现在 "包括" 或者 "包含" 前面的元件或 者物件涵盖出现在 "包括"或者 "包含"后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同, 并不排除其他元件或者物件。 "连接" 或者 "相连" 等类似的词语并非限定 于物理的或者机械的连接, 而是可以包括电性的连接, 不管是直接的还是间 接的。 "上" 、 "下" 、 "左" 、 "右" 等仅用于表示相对位置关系, 当被 描述对象的绝对位置改变后, 则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
本发明的一个实施例提供的一种量子点电致发光显示器件。如图 la和图 lb所示, 该显示器件内设置有多个像素单元, 每个像素单元均具有多个显示 不同颜色的亚像素单元(图中虚线框所示) 。 这些像素单元例如在同一平面 内按阵列(例如矩阵)排列。 虽然图仅示出了 3个并排的像素的截面示意图, 但是显然本发明不限于此。
该显示器件包括: 村底基板 01; 设置于村底基板 01上、 且位于各像素 单元的亚像素单元的电致发光结构 02;设置于各像素单元的至少一个颜色的 亚像素单元、 且位于电致发光结构 02的出光侧的单色量子点层 03, 单色量 子点层 03在受到电致发光结构 02发出的光激发后发射对应亚像素单元颜色 的单色光。
在本发明实施例提供的量子点电致发光显示器件中, 采用量子点作为光 色转换材料。 这些量子点在被电致发光结构发出的光激发后能发出对应亚像 素单元颜色的单色光。 由于量子点发射光谱窄并且发光效率高, 能够提高组 成像素单元的亚像素单元的色纯度, 从而提高显示器件的显示品质。 由于单 色量子点层中的各粒子可以散射电致发光结构发出的光, 相对于采用无机掺 杂体系材料作为光色转换材料的情形而言, 可以提高光色转换的透光率, 从 而提高显示器件的发光效率。 进一步地, 本发明实施例提供的量子点电致发 光显示器件为全固态显示器件, 相对于液晶显示器件可以抗沖击且抗低温。
电致发光 (EL)是一种电流通过一种材料或强电场施加一种材料上时, 该 材料发光的现象。 本发明的实施例中, 电致发光可以多种可选的材料实现, 例如有机或无机电致发光材料等。
需要说明的是, 本发明实施例所述的单色量子点层为位于同层, 对应不 同亚像素单元的量子点不同。 所述不同量子点可以是量子点的材料不同或者 量子点的尺寸不同, 但只要保证在对应的亚像素单元的区域量子点受激发产 生单色光, 其颜色与亚像素单元所要显示的颜色相同即可。 即所述量子点层 为在同种颜色的亚像素单元区域的量子点相同, 在不同颜色的亚像素单元的 区域量子点不同, 但各个区域的量子点受激发都是仅能发出单色光。 因此, 将由量子点形成的这样光色转换层称为单色量子点层。
在一个示例中, 本发明实施例提供的上述量子点电致发光显示器件中的 电致发光结构可以是有源驱动, 即位于每个亚像素单元的电致发光结构都由 单独的电子元件控制实现独立驱动,如由 TFT (薄膜晶体管 )作为开关器件。 在另一个示例中,该电致发光结构也可以是无源驱动。本发明对此不做限定。 并且, 在有源驱动的驱动电路中的各 TFT器件, 例如可以是非晶硅(a-Si ) TFT、 氧化物半导体 TFT、 LTPS-TFT (低温多晶硅)或 HTPS-TFT (高温多 晶硅) 。
在本发明实施例提供的下述量子点电致发光显示器件中都是以有源驱动 为例进行说明。
例如, 本发明实施例提供的上述量子点电致发光显示器件中的电致发光 结构 02, 如图 la和图 lb所示, 可以包括: 依次设置在村底基板 01上的第 一电极 021 , 发光层 022以及第二电极 023。
例如, 与各第一电极 021连接的驱动电路 04—般设置在第一电极 021 与村底基板 01之间。 驱动电路 04的一个示例如图 2所示, 可以包括以下构 造: 依次在村底基板上形成的栅极 011、 栅极绝缘层 012、 有源层 013、 欧姆 接触层 014、 源漏极 015以及绝缘层 016。 这些结构中的图案(例如栅极层图 案、 源漏极层图案等)例如可以通过沉积、 溅射等工艺成膜再采用曝光、 显 影、 刻蚀等构图得到。
当然,驱动电路 04的其他示例结构也可以包括其他膜层,又或者不包括 欧姆接触层等, 对于这些结构的变形, 本发明在此不做限定。
在一个示例中, 电致发光结构 02至少包括: 依次设置在村底基板 01上 的第一电极 021 ,发光层 022以及第二电极 023。 例如, 第一电极 021—般为 阳极, 可以为 ITO (氧化铟锡) 、 IZO (氧化铟辞)等材料的薄膜, 因此可 以为透明电极; 第二电极一般为阴极, 可以为金属层, 而且根据电致发光结 构 02出光方向的不同,金属层可以为半透明或者不透明。 当然, 在其他一些 结构的变形中, 第一电极可以为阴极, 第二电极可以为阳极, 即阴极位于村 底基板上驱动电路的上方, 阳极位于阴极的上方。 这些本发明均不做限定。 除上述三层之外,在其他的示例中, 电致发光结构 02还可以包括其他层, 如 电子注入层、 电子传输层、 空穴注入层、 空穴传输层以及空穴阻挡层等。 这 些结构的变形, 本发明也不做限定。
如图 la所示, 电致发光结构 02可以为顶部发光型, 即第二电极 023所 在的一侧为电致发光结构 02的出光侧, 单色量子点层 03位于第二电极 023 之上。 在顶部发光型的电致发光结构中, 由于需要发光层 022发出的光从第 二电极 023所在一侧出射, 因此第二电极 023—般为能够透光的透明导电材 料, 例如 ITO, 第一电极 021—般为能够反射光的不透明金属。 并且, 在采 用顶部发光型时,村底基板 01可以由不透明的金属制成,也可以由玻璃或柔 性材质 (例如塑料)制成。 驱动电路 04调节输入到各第一电极 021的电压, 从而调节发光层 022从第二电极 023处出射的发光强度, 以控制各单色量子 点层 03的发光效率, 同时通过不同单色量子点层 03发光强弱的变化实现全 彩色显示。
在一个示例中, 为了避免第二电极 023上加载的电流电致激发量子点发 光, 对光致激发量子点发光产生干扰, 可以在第二电极 023与单色量子点层 03之间设置绝缘层(图中未示出) 。
如图 lb所示, 电致发光结构 02还可以为底部发光型, 即第一电极 021 所在的一侧为电致发光结构 02的出光侧,单色量子点层 03位于第一电极 021 与村底基板 01之间,并且一般都位于驱动电路 04与村底基板 01之间。在底 部发光型的电致发光结构中, 由于需要发光层 022发出的光从第一电极 021 所在一侧出射, 因此第一电极 021 —般为能够透光的透明导电材料, 例如 ITO, 第二电极 023—般为能够反射光的不透明金属。 驱动电路 04调节输入 到各第一电极 021的电压, 从而调节发光层 022从第一电极 021处出射的发
光强度, 以控制各单色量子点层的发光效率, 通过不同单色量子点层发光强 弱的变化实现全彩色显示。
顶部发光型的显示器件相对于底部发光型,由于驱动电路 04—般设置在 第一电极 021村底基板 01之间,顶部发光型的出光侧无遮光层(即遮挡驱动 电路 04部分的挡光层)的阻挡, 相对于底部发光型, 像素开口率较高, 有利 于增大显示器件的透光率, 并能减小显示器件的功耗。
进一步地, 如图 la和图 lb所示, 在位于各亚像素透光区域的单色量子 点层 03之间可以通过黑矩阵 05隔开,避免不良串色。 例如, 黑矩阵 05的材 料通常为含有碳黑的聚合物或树脂。
在一个示例中,在电致发光结构中的发光层 022可以为发射蓝光的材料, 例如可以电致激发发出蓝光的 GaN无机材料,也可以为有机材料。在选用能 够发出蓝光的电致发光结构激发各单色量子点层 03时, 例如, 如图 la和图 lb所示, 还可以直接利用蓝光作为组成像素单元的原色之一, 即若每个像素 单元均具有显示 N个颜色的亚像素单元,其中 N-1个颜色的亚像素单元分别 设置有单色量子点层, 1 个亚像素单元不设置单色量子点层, 电致发光结构 发出的蓝光直接作为该亚像素单元的原色, N为大于等于 2的正整数。 当 N 等于 2时, 组成一个像素单元的两个亚像素单元的显示颜色可以分别为橙色 和蓝色。 例如: 由蓝、 红和绿 3种原色的亚像素单元组成一个像素单元, 其 中一个亚像素单元处不设置单色量子点层, 即为过孔结构, 电致发光结构发 出的蓝光未经单色量子点层直接出射, 另外 2个亚像素单元处分别设置有发 红光的单色量子点层以及发绿光的单色量子点层。
在另一个示例中, 也可以选用能够发出紫外光的材料作为电致发光结构 中发光层的材料, 该材料可以是无机材料, 也可以是有机材料。 本发明对此 不做限定。 在选用能够发出紫外光的电致发光结构激发各单色量子点层 03 时,如图 lc所示,每个像素单元的多个亚像素单元需要均设置有单色量子点 层 03。
在一个示例中, 可以由 3色或 3色以上的原色的亚像素单元组成一个像 素单元。 本发明对此不做限定。 在采用 3色以上的原色的亚像素单元组成一 个像素单元时, 相对于由传统的红绿蓝三原色的亚像素单元组成一个像素单 元而言, 可以提高显示器件的色域, 增强色彩饱和度, 提高了显示器件的显
示品质。
另外, 组成一个像素单元的各单色量子点层在受到电致发光结构发出的 光激发后可以发出红光、 绿光、 黄光、 橙光或青光等单色光, 以实现全色彩 显示。 例如, 单色量子点层的材料可以选用 Π- VI族的 CdS、 CdSe、 CdTe、 ZnO、 ZnSe、 ZnTe和 III- V族 GaAs、 GaP、 GaAs、 GaSb、 HgS、 HgSe、 HgTe、 InAs、 InP、 InSb、 AlAs、 A1P、 AlSb等材料。 通过控制量子点的粒径来控制 量子点的发光波段。 例如以 ZnS 为例, 发射红光的量子点尺寸主要在 9 ~ 10nm, 发射黄光量子点尺寸 8 nm, 发射绿光的量子点尺寸在 7nm。
并且, 由于量子点的粒径在纳米量级, 和光波在同一数量级, 采用量子 点材料作为光色转换材料, 量子点粒子可以散射发光层发出的光, 相对于无 机掺杂体系材料可以提高光色转换的透光率, 提高显示器件的发光效率。
如图 3a和图 3b所示, 以顶部发光型为例, 假设发光层 022、 第二电极 023、常规作为光色转换的无机掺杂体系材料层 06以及单色量子点层 03的折 射率相同, 且为 nl , 该折射率 nl通常大于空气的折射率 n0。 当光线由光密 介质向光疏介质传播时, 当入射角达到某一临界角度时, 将不会有折射光线 发出, 此时发生全反射现象。 设折射率为 nl的发光层 022、 第二电极 023、 无机掺杂体系材料层 06及单色量子点层 03的临界角为 i2,入射角为 il<i2<i3 的三条光线 1、 2和 3, 如图 3a所示, 在由无机掺杂材料层 06作为光色转换 材料的显示器件中, 由于无机掺杂体系材料的颗粒较大, 不具有散射作用, 因此只有光线 1能透射出显示器件, 光线 2和 3发生全反射现象而不能透射 出显示器件。这样采用无机掺杂材料层 06作为光色转换的显示器件光透过率 偏低。 入射角为 il<i2<i3的三条光线 1、 2和 3, 如图 3b所示, 在由单色量 子点层 03作为光色转换的显示器件中, 由于量子点材料具有散射作用,光线 1、 2和 3都能透射出显示器件, 提高了显示器件的光透过率。
进一步地, 在一个示例中, 为了增加显示器件中各像素单元发光的色纯 度, 在显示器件中, 如图 4所示, 还可以包括: 设置于各亚像素单元的出光 侧, 且对应各亚像素单元颜色的彩色滤光层 07。 该彩色滤光层 07可以滤掉 除了亚像素单元显示颜色的单色光以外颜色的杂光, 提高各亚像素单元的色 纯度。相应地, 彩色滤光层 07也由黑矩阵 051分隔为亚像素单元,每个亚像 素单元的彩色滤光层 07的颜色对应于该亚像素单元发光的颜色。
基于同一发明构思, 本发明实施例还提供了一种显示装置, 包括本发明 实施例提供的上述量子点电致发光显示器件, 由于该装置解决问题的原理与 前述一种量子点电致发光显示器件相似, 因此该装置的实施可以参见其的实 施, 重复之处不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供的一种量子点电致发光显示器件及显示装置, 在各像 素单元的亚像素单元设置电致发光结构, 在各像素单元的至少一个颜色的亚 像素单元且位于电致发光结构的出光侧设置单色量子点层, 单色量子点层在 受到电致发光结构发出的光激发后发射对应亚像素单元颜色的单色光。 本发 明实施例采用量子点而非现有的无机掺杂体系作为光色转换材料, 量子点在 被电致发光结构发出的光激发后能发出单色光。 由于量子点发射光谱窄并且 发光效率高, 能够提高组成像素单元的各亚像素单元的色纯度, 从而提高显 示器件的显示品质。 并且, 由于单色量子点层中的各粒子可以散射电致发光 结构发出的光, 相对于无机掺杂体系材料可以提高光色转换的透光率, 从而 提高显示器件的发光效率。
以上所述仅是本发明的示范性实施方式, 而非用于限制本发明的保护范 围, 本发明的保护范围由所附的权利要求确定。
Claims
1、一种量子点电致发光显示器件,所述显示器件内设置有多个像素单元, 每个所述像素单元具有多个显示不同颜色的亚像素单元,所述显示器件包括: 村底基板 ^
设置于所述村底基板上、 且位于各像素单元的亚像素单元的电致发光结 构;
设置于各像素单元的至少一个颜色的亚像素单元中且位于该至少一个颜 色的亚像素单元的电致发光结构的出光侧的单色量子点层, 所述单色量子点 层在受到所述电致发光结构发出的光激发后发射对应所述亚像素单元颜色的 单色光。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的显示器件, 其中, 所述电致发光结构包括: 依次 设置在所述村底基板上的第一电极、 发光层以及第二电极。
3、如权利要求 2所述的显示器件, 其中, 所述第二电极所在的一侧为所 述电致发光结构的出光侧, 所述单色量子点层位于所述第二电极之上。
4、如权利要求 2所述的显示器件, 其中, 所述第一电极所在的一侧为所 述电致发光结构的出光侧, 所述单色量子点层位于所述第一电极与所述村底 基板之间。
5、如权利要求 1或 2所述的显示器件, 其中, 所述发光层的材料为发射 蓝光的材料;
每个所述像素单元均具有显示 N个颜色的亚像素单元,其中 N-1个颜色 的亚像素单元分别设置有所述单色量子点层, N为大于等于 2的正整数。
6、如权利要求 1或 2所述的显示器件, 其中, 所述发光层的材料为发射 紫外光的材料;
每个所述像素单元的多个亚像素单元均设置有所述单色量子点层。
7、 如权利要求 1-6任一项所述的显示器件, 还包括: 设置于各亚像素单 元的出光侧, 且对应各亚像素单元颜色的彩色滤光层, 所述彩色滤光层与所 述单色量子点层相互绝缘。
8、 如权利要求 1-6任一项所述的显示器件, 其中, 各所述单色量子点层 在受到所述电致发光结构发出的光激发后发射红光、 绿光、 黄光、 橙光或青
光。
9、 如权利要求 1-6任一项所述的显示器件, 其中, 所述电致发光结构为 有源驱动。
10、 一种显示装置, 包括如权利要求 1~9任一项所述的量子点电致发光 显示器件。
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Also Published As
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| CN103227189A (zh) | 2013-07-31 |
| US20150145405A1 (en) | 2015-05-28 |
| US9247613B2 (en) | 2016-01-26 |
| CN103227189B (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
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