WO2014157709A1 - Système optique d'imagerie et dispositif d'imagerie - Google Patents

Système optique d'imagerie et dispositif d'imagerie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014157709A1
WO2014157709A1 PCT/JP2014/059376 JP2014059376W WO2014157709A1 WO 2014157709 A1 WO2014157709 A1 WO 2014157709A1 JP 2014059376 W JP2014059376 W JP 2014059376W WO 2014157709 A1 WO2014157709 A1 WO 2014157709A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
optical system
light
array
imaging optical
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Application number
PCT/JP2014/059376
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
佐々木真人
Original Assignee
Sasaki Makoto
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sasaki Makoto filed Critical Sasaki Makoto
Priority to JP2015508818A priority Critical patent/JP6374375B2/ja
Publication of WO2014157709A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014157709A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0062—Stacked lens arrays, i.e. refractive surfaces arranged in at least two planes, without structurally separate optical elements in-between
    • G02B3/0068—Stacked lens arrays, i.e. refractive surfaces arranged in at least two planes, without structurally separate optical elements in-between arranged in a single integral body or plate, e.g. laminates or hybrid structures with other optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
    • G02B27/0994—Fibers, light pipes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/04—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres
    • G02B6/06—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres the relative position of the fibres being the same at both ends, e.g. for transporting images
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an imaging optical system for measuring an image of an object with high sensitivity and an imaging apparatus using the imaging optical system.
  • an image of a target is formed on a photoelectric conversion surface of a photoelectric image pickup apparatus by a correction lens and an imaging mirror, and a high-brightness image multiplied as an output of the photoelectric image pickup apparatus is obtained.
  • Exists see, for example, Patent Document 1). Thereby, weak light, such as light emission of an object and reflected light from an object, can be imaged with high sensitivity and measured or observed.
  • measurement is not limited to an image in a wide wavelength range, but may be performed only in a specific wavelength range using an optical filter.
  • NA numerical aperture
  • the angle range of the light ray incident on the optical filter is widened and the angle is likely to be biased, and the optical filter has angular characteristics like an interference optical filter. If so, the function of the optical filter is impaired.
  • Patent Documents 2 and 3 Although there exists a technique combining a microlens array and an optical filter (see, for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3), in these Patent Documents 2 and 3, the microlens array is used for condensing light to a light receiving unit. It has been.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described background art.
  • An imaging optical system capable of preventing the characteristics of an optical filter and other optical elements from being deteriorated even when the numerical aperture of the imaging system and other optical systems is large, and
  • An object is to provide an imaging apparatus using the same.
  • an imaging optical system includes a lens array having a lens element that forms an incident surface having a two-dimensional extent, and the lens element determines an exit angle of light passing therethrough. Angle conversion is performed so that the exit NA is smaller than the incident NA and approaches parallel light.
  • the lens element is an optical system that reduces the inclination angle of the incident light with respect to the principal ray optical axis, and converts the incident light so as to reduce the numerical aperture with respect to the light beam that passes through the lens element.
  • the imaging optical system since a lens element that performs angle conversion that reduces the exit angle from the incident angle is provided, high-efficiency transmission coupling to an optical filtering unit, an imaging surface, and the like becomes possible.
  • an optical filter is arranged at the rear stage of the lens array, the incident angle of light incident on the optical filter can be reduced, and the optical filter can be operated with a desired transmission characteristic.
  • an optical filter is further provided that is disposed on the exit surface side of the lens array and selectively transmits light having a predetermined wavelength.
  • the transmission characteristics of the optical filter can be improved by reducing the incident angle.
  • a reflection mirror that forms an image of an object is further provided, and the lens array is disposed at a position where an image is formed by the reflection mirror.
  • the lens element is a combined lens in which a first lens and a second lens are arranged along an optical path, and is two-dimensionally arranged with respect to a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the reflecting mirror.
  • aberration at the time of angle conversion can be reduced using the first lens and the second lens.
  • the lens elements are not limited to a plane perpendicular to the optical axis, and an image with less aberration can be obtained by two-dimensionally arranging the lens elements on a curved surface obtained by deforming the lens elements.
  • the lens elements are arranged corresponding to the lattice points, and the first lens and the second lens are either cylindrical or polygonal lenses, respectively.
  • the lens elements can be filled two-dimensionally at a high density.
  • the lens element has a quadrangular prism shape with a rectangular (including square) cross section, the lens element is arranged on a rectangular lattice point.
  • the first lens and the second lens each have a fitting portion that fits each other.
  • the first lens and the second lens can be simply connected to arrange the lens elements in a space-saving manner.
  • the lens elements are attached to a curved light-transmitting substrate or supported to each other by being connected to adjacent lens elements, and are fixed integrally.
  • a lens array in which a large number of lens elements are precisely connected can be easily obtained.
  • adjacent lens elements support each other, it is not necessary to interpose a connecting portion, an adhesive, or the like between them, and a lens array can be configured with only lens elements.
  • a light guide array is further provided on the exit surface side of the lens array.
  • the light emitted from the lens array can be guided to another location while changing the cross-sectional size and the emission direction.
  • the light guide array has a rod element having a tapered surface that becomes narrower on the exit surface side.
  • light emitted from the lens array can be emitted from a narrower surface or region.
  • the optical filter further includes an optical filter that is disposed on the exit surface side of the lens array and selectively transmits light having a predetermined wavelength, and the optical filter is disposed between the lens array and the light guide array. Is done. In this case, the light emitted from the lens array can be directly incident on the optical filter.
  • the optical filter has a plurality of filter regions having different wavelength characteristics and is configured to be displaceable, and the plurality of filter regions can be switched with respect to the lens array by the displacement of the optical filter. In this case, images in different wavelength bands can be detected in parallel.
  • an imaging apparatus includes the above-described imaging optical system and a detection unit that is provided on the exit surface side of the lens array and detects a pattern of the exit surface of the lens array.
  • the imaging apparatus uses the above-described imaging optical system, and can appropriately utilize the optical filter, thereby enabling high-precision and high-sensitivity measurement in a desired wavelength range.
  • FIG. 1 is a conceptual side sectional view illustrating an imaging apparatus using an imaging optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an expanded sectional view explaining the part containing an imaging optical system etc. among imaging devices.
  • FIG. 3A is a partially enlarged front view illustrating a lens array in a transmission unit included in the imaging optical system
  • FIG. 3B is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating components of the transmission unit included in the imaging optical system.
  • It is a front view explaining an optical filter among the transmission parts contained in an imaging optical system.
  • 5A and 5B are perspective views for explaining lenses constituting the lens element.
  • 6A to 6C are a side view, an entrance surface, and an exit view for explaining the light guide elements constituting the light guide array. It is an expanded sectional view explaining the imaging optical system etc. of a modification. It is an expanded sectional view explaining the imaging optical system etc. of another modification.
  • An imaging apparatus 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 is, for example, a Schmidt camera type telescope apparatus or a wide-angle optical apparatus, and includes an imaging mirror 10, a correction plate 20, a transmission unit 30, an image intensifier unit 40, and a detection unit 50.
  • the imaging mirror 10, the correction plate 20, and the transmission unit 30 are an imaging optical system 200 for obtaining a reduced image to be observed or measured.
  • the imaging mirror 10 has a reflecting surface 10a that is a spherical surface, a paraboloid, or other aspherical surface as a reflecting mirror for imaging, and collects the light beam LL from the object to form an image.
  • An image to be observed is formed on the formation position IS.
  • the correction plate 20 is a thin lens having a light incident surface 21a and a light exit surface 21b. At least one of the light incident surface 21a and the light exit surface 21b is a spherical surface, an aspheric surface, or the like, and corrects the optical path of the light beam LL to the imaging mirror (reflecting mirror) 10.
  • the correction plate 20 is not limited to one having a single configuration as shown in the figure, but may have a plurality of configurations.
  • the transmission unit 30 has a role of guiding an image formed on the image forming position IS that spreads two-dimensionally to the optical window 41 of the image intensifier unit 40, and is controlled by an optical filter 35 (see FIG. 4) described later. Can be limited to measurement light in a specific wavelength range.
  • the transmission unit 30 includes a light transmission substrate 31, a lens array 32, a light guide array 33, and an optical filter 35.
  • the light transmitting substrate 31, the lens array 32, the light guide array 33, and the like constituting the transmission unit 30 are integrally supported by frame-like supports 30a and 30b arranged along a plane perpendicular to the optical axis OA. Fixed.
  • the light transmission substrate 31 of the transmission unit 30 is a spherical shell-like member that is curved and has a thin spherical appearance, and includes an incident surface 31a that is a convex spherical surface and an exit surface 31b that is a concave spherical surface.
  • the incident surface 31 a corresponds to the image forming position IS of the imaging mirror 10.
  • the entrance surface 32a of the lens array 32 is bonded to the exit surface 31b. That is, the light transmitting substrate 31 supports the lens array 32 in a state where the lens array 32 is arranged in a spherical shell shape or a dome shape.
  • the light transmission substrate 31 is made of, for example, glass, but may be made of a plastic material.
  • the lens array 32 includes a large number of lens elements 38 arranged closest to the rectangular lattice points. That is, the lens elements 38 are uniformly arranged at equal intervals in a two-dimensional matrix as seen from the plane or direction perpendicular to the optical axis OA, that is, from the direction along the optical axis OA.
  • the lens elements 38 are in close contact with each other.
  • Each lens element 38 is a quadrangular prism-shaped member, and has a role of performing angle conversion with respect to a divergence angle or a convergence angle of the light beam LL that is measurement light or image light.
  • the lens element 38 has a role of reducing the emission angle of the light beam LL passing through the lens element 38 more than the incident angle.
  • the lens element 38 emits light more than the incident side by reducing the emission NA smaller than the incident NA.
  • the lens element 38 has a role of reducing the inclination angle of the light beam LL with respect to the principal light beam optical axis EA to make it nearly parallel, and performs numerical aperture conversion for reducing the numerical aperture in the lens element 38.
  • the incident surface 32 a of the lens array 32 is discontinuous as a result of being arranged along the emission surface 31 b of the light transmission substrate 31, but has a two-dimensional expansion, and has a generally convex spherical shape. A surface is formed.
  • the exit surface 32b of the lens array 32 is substantially parallel to the entrance surface 32a and forms a concave spherical surface as a whole.
  • the light guide array 33 is arranged to face the lens array 32 and has a structure in which a large number of elongated light guide elements 39 are bundled. These light guide elements 39 are arranged corresponding to the rectangular lattice points or the principal ray optical axis EA (see FIG. 3B), like the many lens elements 38 constituting the lens array 32. That is, each light guide element 39 is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each lens element 38.
  • the light guide element 39 is a rod-shaped member having a square cross section, and has a role of transmitting light from one end to the other end.
  • the incident surface 33a of the light guide array 33 is arranged along the exit surface 32b of the lens array 32, and forms a convex spherical surface as a whole.
  • the emission surface 33b of the light guide array 33 faces the optical window 41 of the image intensifier unit 40, and forms a concave spherical surface as a whole.
  • a number of light guide elements 39 constituting the light guide array 33 are supported by the supports 30a and 30b and positioned relative to each other.
  • the optical filter 35 is disposed so as to be inserted into a thin gap GA formed between the lens array 32 and the light guide array 33.
  • the optical filter 35 extends along the exit surface 32b of the lens array 32 or the entrance surface 33a of the light guide array 33, and forms a convex spherical surface on the entrance side and a concave spherical surface on the exit side. Yes.
  • the optical filter 35 selectively transmits light having a predetermined wavelength.
  • the optical filter 35 is a band-pass filter that allows specific ultraviolet light and infrared light to pass in a narrow band.
  • the optical filter 35 is held in a state capable of rotating on the support 30a.
  • the optical filter 35 is driven by a rotation driving device 64 provided along with the transmission unit 30 and can be rotated around the optical axis OA at a desired speed.
  • the optical filter 35 is an interference optical filter having a structure in which a dielectric multilayer film 35g is formed on a light-transmitting substrate 35f.
  • the optical filter 35 may have a plurality of filter regions A1 to A3 having different wavelength characteristics. In this case, the relative arrangement of the filter areas A1 to A3 with respect to the lens array 32 can be sequentially and periodically switched by rotating the optical filter 35 at an appropriate rotation speed by the rotation driving device 64. Thereby, images in different wavelength bands can be detected in parallel with a slight time difference.
  • each lens element 38 constituting the lens array 32 is a combined lens in which a first lens 71 and a second lens 72 are arranged along an optical path.
  • the first lens 71 and the second lens 72 are made of a plastic material.
  • the optically upstream first lens 71 is a square columnar or block-shaped thick lens, and has a flat incident surface 71a and a convex exit surface 71b.
  • the exit surface 71b is close to a spherical surface but is aspherical.
  • the optically downstream second lens 72 is also a square columnar or block-like thick lens having a cross section similar to that of the first lens 71, and has a flat entrance surface 72a and a convex exit surface 72b.
  • the exit surface 72b is close to a spherical surface but is aspherical.
  • a fitting portion 71e composed of four protrusions 71d is formed on the outside thereof.
  • a fitting portion 72e composed of four notched concave portions 72d is formed on the outside thereof.
  • the protrusions 71d of the fitting portion 71e and the recesses 72d of the fitting portion 72e are formed at the four corners corresponding to the ridges on the side surface, and not only can the first lens 71 and the second lens 72 be simply connected.
  • the first lens 71 and the second lens 72 can be arranged in a space-saving manner.
  • each light guide element 39 constituting the light guide array 33 includes a first rod part 81, a second rod part 82, and a third rod part 83.
  • the first rod portion 81 is disposed on the incident side, and is disposed to face the second lens 72 of the lens element 38 as shown in FIG. 3B.
  • the first rod portion 81 on the incident side has an incident surface 39 a and is a long and narrow quadrangular prism-shaped member, and the cross-sectional size decreases so as to become narrower toward the second rod portion 82. That is, the first rod portion 81 has a tapered side surface 81s that becomes thinner toward the light emission side.
  • the third rod portion 83 on the emission side is an elongated quadrangular prism-shaped member having an emission surface 39b and a uniform cross-sectional size, and has a non-tapered side surface 83s.
  • the second rod portion 82 is an elongated rectangular columnar member that continuously connects the first rod portion 81 and the third rod portion 83 without a step, and has a cross-sectional size that becomes narrower toward the third rod portion 83. Decrease. That is, the second rod portion 82 has a tapered side surface 82s that narrows toward the light emission side.
  • the alternate long and short dash line indicates the boundary between the first and second rod portions 81 and 82.
  • a light beam LL that is image light from the imaging mirror (reflecting mirror) 10 enters the lens array 32 and the like with a large convergence angle.
  • the light beam LL that has entered one of the lens elements 38 has a numerical aperture (NA) that decreases to some extent by the refractive index of the first lens 71.
  • NA numerical aperture
  • the light beam LL passing through the lens element 38 is in a state of being substantially parallel to the principal light beam axis EA, although the cross-sectional area is increased by the exit surface 71b of the first lens 71 and the exit surface 72b of the second lens 72.
  • the apparent numerical aperture (NA) is further reduced.
  • the incident angle of the light beam LL incident on the optical filter 35 is considerably smaller than when the lens element 38 is not present.
  • the effective numerical aperture (NA) of the imaging mirror (reflecting mirror) 10 that is, the light capture efficiency, is kept substantially the same regardless of the presence or absence of the lens element 38.
  • the light beam LL imaged by the imaging mirror 10 spreads in a wavelength range such as a visible light region and an infrared region.
  • it is conceivable to detect light beams LL (corresponding to the filter regions A1 to A3 in FIG. 4) having three wavelengths selected from arbitrary wavelengths such as 1064 nm, 532 nm, 355 nm, and 308 nm.
  • the NA of the light beam LL is slightly different for each wavelength, but the NA of the light beam LL of each wavelength can be reduced before and after passing through the lens element 38. If a sufficient refractive index difference is given between the first lens 71 and the second lens 72, the wavelength dependency of NA can be reduced.
  • the light beam LL may be light generated by the observation or measurement object itself, but may also be light reflected by the observation or measurement object illuminated with light of a specific wavelength.
  • the light guide element 39 propagates the light incident through the incident surface 39a while being totally reflected by the side surfaces 81s, 82s and 83s. Although the numerical aperture of the light beam LL propagating through the light guide element 39 slightly increases due to the side surface 82s or the like, once the light beam LL passes through the optical filter 35, detection accuracy such as wavelength selectivity is affected by an increase in NA. Absent.
  • the image intensifier unit 40 amplifies the weak image formed by the imaging mirror 10 and transmitted by the transmission unit 30.
  • the image intensifier unit 40 includes an input unit 42 for photoelectrically converting the imaging light, an electrostatic focusing system 43 for converging the electrons after the photoelectric conversion, and an image obtained by converting the incident electrons in the converged state into light. And an output portion 44 for forming the.
  • the input unit 42 of the image intensifier unit 40 is fixed to one end on the open side of the metal container body 48.
  • the input unit 42 includes a glass optical window 41 having a spherical shell-like outer shape, and a photoelectric conversion surface 42 a is formed inside the optical window 41 by vapor deposition of a photoelectric conversion material having predetermined characteristics. Yes.
  • the electrostatic focusing system 43 is supported on the inner surface of the side wall of the container body 48.
  • the electrostatic focusing system 43 has a plurality of electron focusing electrode portions 43a to 43d.
  • the output unit 44 is fixed to the bottom of the container body 48.
  • the output unit 44 is formed of, for example, a fiber optic plate 49, and a phosphor having predetermined characteristics is applied to the incident surface 49a.
  • the incident surface 49 a of the fiber optic plate 49 is disposed at the position of the imaging plane of the electrostatic focusing system 43 and has a surface shape that matches the imaging plane of the electrostatic focusing system 43.
  • the detection unit 50 detects the image amplified by the image intensifier unit 40 as an electrical signal.
  • the detection unit 50 includes a relay optical system 51, a fine image detection unit 52, a coarse image detection unit 53, and a drive circuit 54.
  • the relay optical system 51 includes a distributor 51a disposed on the upstream side of the optical path along the optical axis OA and a main body optical system 51b disposed on the downstream side of the optical path from the distributor 51a.
  • the distributor 51a is a beam splitter.
  • the main body optical system 51b is a projection optical system that projects the image of the output surface 49b of the image intensifier unit 40 onto the imaging surface (not shown) of the fine image detection unit 52 at approximately the same magnification.
  • the fine image detection unit 52 includes, for example, a solid-state image sensor that is a CMOS-type image sensor and a drive circuit that causes the solid-state image sensor to perform an imaging operation, and is based on a timing signal output from the drive circuit 54. To perform an imaging operation.
  • the fine image detection unit 52 has a role of outputting a minute light fine image incident on the photoelectric conversion surface 42a of the image intensifier unit 40 as a pixel digital signal at a video rate.
  • the coarse image detection unit 53 is, for example, a multi-anode type photomultiplier, and operates under the control of the drive circuit 54.
  • the coarse image detection unit 53 outputs a coarse image of weak light incident on the photoelectric conversion surface 42a as a photometric signal.
  • the detection signal from the fine image detection unit 52 is discriminated, and the color image corresponding to each filter region A1 to A3 is acquired. can do.
  • the pupil diameter of the imaging mirror 10 shown in FIG. 1 is about 1000 mm
  • the distance from the imaging mirror 10 to the image forming position IS that is the focal plane is about 630 mm
  • the F value is 0.63.
  • the radius of curvature of the light transmitting substrate 31 (see FIG. 2) arranged at the image forming position IS, that is, the radius of curvature of the entrance surface 32a and the exit surface 32b of the lens array 32 was about 720 mm.
  • the thickness of the light transmission substrate 31 was 2.75 mm.
  • the lens elements 38 constituting the lens array 32 are made of acrylic resin having a refractive index of about 1.49, have a square cross section of 4.75 mm ⁇ 4.75 mm, and for example, 64 ⁇ 64 pieces are provided on the light transmitting substrate 31. It was assumed to be arranged vertically and horizontally along.
  • the length of the first lens 71 in the principal ray optical axis EA direction is about 10 mm, and the length of the second lens 72 in the principal ray optical axis EA direction is about 7 mm.
  • the step amount of the fitting portion 71e of the first lens 71 and the step amount of the fitting portion 72e of the second lens 72 are about 0.5 mm, although depending on the protruding amount of the exit surface 71b.
  • the exit surface 71b of the first lens 71 can be expressed by the following equation, where r is a radius and z is a sag amount.
  • c is a curvature
  • k is a conic constant
  • A, B, C, and D are fourth-order, sixth-order, eighth-order, and tenth-order correction coefficients.
  • “ex” in the numerical value means 10 ⁇ x .
  • the first rod portion 81 has a square cross section of 4.9 mm ⁇ 4.9 mm on the incident side and a length of 20 mm.
  • the second rod portion 82 has a square section of 4.75 mm ⁇ 4.75 mm on the incident side and a square section of 2.0 mm ⁇ 2.0 mm on the emission side, and has a length of 260 mm.
  • the 3rd rod part 83 has a square cross section of 2.0 mm x 2.0 mm as a whole, and has a length of 20 mm.
  • the tapered side surface 81s of the first rod portion 81 has a taper angle of 0.2 °
  • the tapered side surface 82s of the second rod portion 82 has a taper angle of about 0.3 °. It has become a thing.
  • the lens array 32 has the lens elements 38 arranged in a two-dimensional manner, and each lens element 38 reduces the light emission angle from the incident angle, and the principal ray light. Since angle conversion is performed so as to approach a state almost parallel to the axis EA, the incident angles of the light beams L1 and L2 incident on the optical filter 35 can be reduced, and the optical filter 35 can be operated with the desired transmission characteristics. . At this time, by disposing the lens array 32 along a curved curved surface corresponding to the image forming position IS, higher-accuracy imaging is possible, and color separation by the optical filter 35 is also precise.
  • the lens elements 38 constituting the lens array 32 are arranged on the rectangular lattice points, but the lens elements 38 can be arranged in various ways depending on the application.
  • the lens elements 38 can be arranged in a honeycomb shape.
  • the lens elements 38 are preferably hexagonal prisms having a hexagonal cross section.
  • the lens element 38 is not limited to a rectangular column shape or a hexagonal column shape, but may be other polygonal column shapes or the like, or may be a cylindrical shape.
  • the lens element 38 is composed of the first lens 71 and the second lens 72.
  • the lens element 38 can be composed of a single lens, or can be composed of three or more lenses. You can also.
  • aberration correction is facilitated by using two or more lenses, and the assembly process can be avoided from being complicated by using three or less lenses.
  • wavelength dependency can be reduced or chromatic aberration can be corrected by forming each lens with a different material.
  • the lens element 38 may be adapted to only a single wavelength.
  • the fitting portions 71e and 72e are provided in the first lens 71 and the second lens 72, but these may be omitted. In this case, the first lens 71 and the second lens 72 are joined while being aligned by an external means.
  • the optical surface 70o that is the exit surface 71b of the first lens 71 is formed in a circular region that is a part of the rectangular contour region 71p, and the optical surface that is the exit surface 72b of the second lens 72 is rectangular. It is formed in the contour area.
  • the emission surface 71b can also be formed over the entire rectangular contour region.
  • the exit surface 72b can also be formed in a circular region that is a part of a rectangular contour region.
  • the lens array 32 is not limited to a combination of a plurality of lens elements 38, and may be a product in which a plurality of lens elements 38 are integrally molded.
  • the first array layer in which the plurality of first lenses 71 are two-dimensionally arranged and the second array layer in which the plurality of second lenses 72 are two-dimensionally arranged are stacked.
  • the light guide array 33 can be omitted.
  • the image intensifier unit 40 is disposed close to the optical filter 35 so as to face the emission surface 32b of the lens array 32.
  • the optical filter 35 is not limited to the three filter areas A1 to A3, and can be divided into two or four filter areas.
  • the shape of the filter region is not limited to a fan shape, and may be various shapes depending on the purpose.
  • the optical filter 35 may be formed in a turret revolver shape, and the entire lens array 32 may be collectively covered by each filter region among a plurality of filter regions constituting the optical filter 35. In this case, images of specific wavelengths can be acquired collectively.
  • the entire optical filter 35 can have a single wavelength characteristic without dividing the optical filter 35 into a plurality of filter regions. In this case, the lens element 38 only needs to be adapted to a single wavelength. .
  • the order of the substrate 35f and the dielectric multilayer film 35g can be changed.
  • the substrate 35f is arranged on the incident side, if the optical filter 35 is formed in a turret revolver shape, the surface of the substrate 35f is obtained.
  • a correction lens array can also be formed.
  • a passive interference type filter is used as the optical filter 35.
  • an active spatial modulation device type optical filter for example, a liquid crystal panel
  • the amount of light can be switched spatially and temporally, and the transmitted color can be switched spatially and temporally by combining with a wavelength selective rotator film and a polarizing filter. .
  • the image intensifier unit 40 is arranged at the next stage of the light guide array 33.
  • the fine image detection unit 252 is directly arranged at the next stage of the light guide array 33 as shown in FIG. You can also.
  • a solid-state image sensor 252a which is a CMOS image sensor, for example, is disposed facing the exit surface 33b of the light guide array 33.
  • each optical fiber 75 of the fiber bundle 331 can be coupled to each first lens 71 of the lens element 38.
  • the distal end portion 75 e of the optical fiber 75 is embedded in the concave portion 71 h of the first lens 71.
  • An immersion liquid, an adhesive, or the like can be interposed between the end surface of the distal end portion 75e of the optical fiber 75 and the bottom surface of the recess 71h of the first lens 71.
  • the optical fibers 75 constituting the fiber bundle 331 are two-dimensionally arranged like the lens 72. In this case, the light beam LL from the exit surface 75 b of the optical fiber 75 is collimated when entering the optical filter 35 through the lens element 38.
  • the incident side of the fiber bundle 331 is an image forming position IS corresponding to the focal plane of the imaging mirror 10 or the like.
  • the image forming position IS is not limited to a flat surface but can be a curved surface.
  • the axis OS of the optical fiber 75 that is, the one corresponding to the chief ray optical axis, be orthogonal to this.
  • a lens or other coupling element 75 c can be assembled to the tip of the incident side of the optical fiber 75.
  • the focal plane of the imaging mirror 10 can be arranged at the image forming position IS, the focal plane of other various optical systems can be arranged without being limited thereto.
  • each optical fiber 75 constituting the fiber bundle 331 can be a scintillation fiber of a gamma ray detector.
  • the optical fibers 75 are two-dimensionally arranged and occupy a cubic space.
  • a light-shielding member is disposed at the image forming position IS.
  • a fluorescent material is added to the scintillation fiber, and gamma rays that have passed through the optical fiber 75 are converted into visible light or the like.
  • a light beam having a specific wavelength is selected by the optical filter 35 and detected by the fine image detection unit 52 at high speed and with high sensitivity.
  • the imaging optical system 200 and the imaging device 100 described above are (1) a detection system of an in-vehicle image sensing device capable of high-speed imaging of faint light such as human cognition existing in the front during drizzle, and (2) laser scattering. Atmospheric monitoring technology using light, (3) identification of atmospheric radiation sources such as cesium 137, (4) disaster and crisis monitoring technology such as sudden accidents, (5) real-time diagnostic observation technology such as medical treatment, (6) X It can be applied to inspection diagnostic techniques such as wire, PET, and so on.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système optique d'imagerie, etc., capable d'empêcher une détérioration des propriétés d'un filtre optique même si l'ouverture numérique dans un système d'imagerie est grande. Le système optique d'imagerie est doté d'éléments (38) à lentilles dans lesquels des agencements (32) de lentilles sont disposés de façon bidimensionnelle. Chaque élément (38) à lentilles réduit l'angle d'émission en-deçà de l'angle d'incidence et modifie les angles de façon à se rapprocher d'un état de parallélisme à l'axe optique (EA) du faisceau lumineux principal. De ce fait, les angles d'incidence de la lumière pour des faisceaux lumineux (L1, L2) qui sont rendus incidents sur un filtre optique (35) peuvent être réduits, et le filtre optique (35) qui est, par exemple, un filtre passe-bande de type à interférence peut être exploité avec des propriétés de transmission attendues.
PCT/JP2014/059376 2013-03-28 2014-03-28 Système optique d'imagerie et dispositif d'imagerie WO2014157709A1 (fr)

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US10890753B2 (en) 2015-08-31 2021-01-12 Panasonic I-Pro Sensing Solutions Co., Ltd. Endoscope

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JP2017185024A (ja) * 2016-04-05 2017-10-12 パナソニック株式会社 内視鏡

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