WO2014128841A1 - Batterie assemblée et batterie utilisée dans celle-ci - Google Patents

Batterie assemblée et batterie utilisée dans celle-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014128841A1
WO2014128841A1 PCT/JP2013/054071 JP2013054071W WO2014128841A1 WO 2014128841 A1 WO2014128841 A1 WO 2014128841A1 JP 2013054071 W JP2013054071 W JP 2013054071W WO 2014128841 A1 WO2014128841 A1 WO 2014128841A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
housing
heat
assembled battery
heat radiating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2013/054071
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
竜治 河野
基志 上原
Original Assignee
株式会社 日立製作所
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Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社 日立製作所 filed Critical 株式会社 日立製作所
Priority to PCT/JP2013/054071 priority Critical patent/WO2014128841A1/fr
Publication of WO2014128841A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014128841A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H01M10/6555—Rods or plates arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0481—Compression means other than compression means for stacks of electrodes and separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/296—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by terminals of battery packs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plurality of secondary batteries and an assembled battery in which they are integrated.
  • a secondary battery for driving a vehicle a sheet for both positive and negative electrodes (positive and negative electrode plates) as a power generation element group, a separator that separates the positive and negative electrode plates, and an electrolyte solution in a sealed battery container made of metal or resin
  • Secondary batteries having external terminals that are housed in the battery container and are connected to both electrodes constituting the power generation element group fixed to the battery container are widely known.
  • a lithium ion secondary battery is a typical secondary battery of this type.
  • many lithium ion secondary batteries have a cylindrical appearance (cylindrical batteries).
  • the lithium ion secondary batteries have a rectangular (rectangular) shape ( Square batteries) and power generation elements laminated and sealed have been studied.
  • each unit cell in the assembled battery is housed and integrated in a casing in a compressed state in the stacking direction in order to ensure vibration resistance and increase heat transfer.
  • the voltage of each single cell is monitored and controlled with high accuracy.
  • the assembled battery disclosed in Patent Document 1 aims to provide a battery pack in which temperature variations between internal cells are reduced.
  • the secondary battery module disclosed in Patent Document 2 aims to provide a secondary battery and a battery module with improved output per unit weight and heat release characteristics, and the secondary battery has at least one terminal.
  • a case with an electrode group a groove for accommodating the electrode group, an opening that opens one side so that the electrode group passes, a film lid that extends over the opening and fixes the electrode group in the groove, and a case And a heat radiating member extending from the case toward the outside.
  • each unit cell In order to make the temperature of each unit cell uniform, it is desirable that the heat of each unit cell is transmitted to the casing of the assembled cell through the same path and heat flow. In addition, it is desirable that the heat of each single cell is exchanged.
  • heat transfer from each battery to the casing of the assembled battery is preferably performed in a direction orthogonal to the battery stacking direction.
  • the following measures (1) to (4) should be taken.
  • a heat sink is interposed between the batteries stacked in the thickness direction to reduce the thermal resistance of the heat sink and the side of the housing.
  • each tray (heat radiating plate) and the casing are in contact with each other only by the plate spring force of the tray made of a thin metal plate that is bent, and thus a large contact surface pressure can be obtained. Since the contact heat resistance with the heat sink is large, the above (1) is not satisfied.
  • Patent Document 2 since a large amount of contact surface passage is required for heat transfer between the enclosures, the contact thermal resistance in the enclosure is large, and the above (4) is not satisfied.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an assembled battery in which the temperature of each unit cell is uniform and the volume capacity density is high.
  • the assembled battery of the present invention includes a plurality of batteries, a plurality of heat sinks provided with a single metal or a layer made of a different material on a metal surface, and a plurality of mutually facing butting portions, And a housing having a flexible portion that straddles the butted portions, and a fixing member that fixes the housing.
  • the housing includes the plurality of batteries and the plurality of heat dissipation plates, and the heat dissipation plate. Is interposed between the abutting portions, the distance between the facing abutting portions is reduced with deformation of the flexible portion, and the heat sink and the abutting abutting portion are in contact with each other. The distance between the parts is fixed.
  • the portion of the heat radiating plate that comes into contact with the butted portion has flexibility.
  • a flexible material may be interposed between the heat radiating plate and the butt portion.
  • a flexible material may be interposed in the flexible portion of the heat radiating plate.
  • the heat radiating plate and the housing may include a through hole, and the fixing member may be passed through the through hole.
  • a plurality of the heat radiating plates may be interposed between one butted portion.
  • At least one surface of the electrode body composed of a laminate of the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet, and the separator is provided with a resin layer on both surfaces of the heat radiating plate made of a metal plate having a thickness of 0.2 mm or more.
  • a battery that is sealed with an exterior body and is used with the heat radiating plate interposed between the butted portions may be used.
  • the thermal resistance between the radiator plate and the housing is small, the contact thermal resistance between the battery and the radiator plate is small, the thermal resistance between the main surfaces of both stacked batteries and the opposing housing is large, The thermal resistance in the housing is reduced. Therefore, the above problem is solved.
  • the assembled battery 100 includes an integrally formed casing 101, a plurality of stacked batteries 30, a heat insulating plate 40, a fixing member 201, caps 206 and 207, and the like.
  • a laminated battery is used for the battery 30, and each battery 30 is formed with a positive electrode terminal 31 and a negative electrode terminal 32.
  • each battery 30 is accommodated while being inverted 180 ° so that it can be easily connected in series with another battery 30 adjacent in the stacking direction (so that the opposite electrode terminal of the adjacent battery 30 comes close).
  • the children 31 and 32 are electrically connected in series (electrical connection means are not shown).
  • the positive electrode terminal 31 of the battery 30 positioned at the bottom and the negative electrode terminal 32 of the battery 30 positioned at the top are respectively connected to the positive electrode external terminal 203 and the negative electrode external terminal 204.
  • the casing 101 is fixed in a state of being pressed in the stacking direction of the battery 30 by a plurality of fixing members 201 arranged on the side surface portion.
  • the opposing two surfaces of the casing 101 where the battery 30 and the heat insulating plate 40 are exposed are sealed with caps 206 and 207, respectively.
  • Insulating polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is used as a material for the caps 206 and 207.
  • the casing 101 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and an upper surface 105 and a lower surface 106 are formed. A plurality of flexible portions w ⁇ b> 1 are formed between the upper surface 105 and the lower surface 106. ing. Each flexible portion w1 is configured to have a smaller thickness than the periphery thereof and can be deformed relatively easily by an external force.
  • the upper surface 105, the heat radiating plate portion 104 (not shown in FIG. 2) immediately below the upper surface 105, and the side surface portion on which the flexible portion w1 is formed are a single material, that is, one piece, and have a uniform shape in the depth direction. ing.
  • the dimensions in the width direction, height direction, and depth direction of the casing 101 are determined in consideration of the dimensions of the heat insulating plate (not shown) and the battery to be accommodated.
  • the casing 101 is formed by an extrusion process to be described later, and an A6000 series (magnesium-silicon series) aluminum alloy is used as a material.
  • FIG. 4 is a view of the casing 101 as seen from the battery insertion direction.
  • the two abutting surfaces 205 that will be abutted in the future are formed in a portion adjacent to each flexible portion w1.
  • a gap h1 is provided between the butted surfaces 205.
  • a heat sink 41 is disposed between the batteries 30, and a gap 43 in which each heat sink 41 is accommodated is formed in the housing 101.
  • the battery 30 As shown in FIG. 3 inserted into the casing 101, the battery 30 is sealed in a substantially rectangular outer package 33 in plan view, and the positive electrode terminal 31 and the negative electrode terminal 32 are drawn from one side of the outer package 33. I am doing.
  • a battery is generally called a laminated battery.
  • Each of the positive electrode terminal 31 and the negative electrode terminal 32 has a flat plate shape, and is connected to a plurality of sheet-like positive electrodes and sheet-like negative electrodes inside the outer package 33.
  • the exterior body 33 is composed of a laminate film having a heat-sealing resin layer 34 on the inner surface of the battery 30.
  • the exterior body 33 (laminate film) is configured by laminating an exterior resin layer 36, a metal layer 35, and a heat-sealing resin layer 34 in order from the outside of the battery.
  • the outer package 33 is bent into two upper and lower sides on the side opposite to the side where the positive electrode terminal 31 and the negative electrode terminal 32 of the battery are formed, and the upper and lower heat-sealing resin layers 34 are heat-sealed around the electrode part 37.
  • the exterior resin layer 36 is made of polyester (PE) and has a thickness of 50 ⁇ m.
  • the metal layer 35 is made of an aluminum alloy and has a thickness of 100 ⁇ m.
  • a modified polyolefin film is used for the heat sealing resin layer 34, and the thickness thereof is 50 ⁇ m.
  • a vent portion (not shown) is formed in a part of the heat-sealed portion so as to have a lower strength than the other portions. In the vent part, when the internal pressure of the battery rises abnormally, it is destroyed before the other parts and the internal pressure is released.
  • a laminated electrode body in which a plurality of sheet-like positive electrodes and a plurality of sheet-like negative electrodes are laminated via separators is built in and infiltrated with an electrolytic solution.
  • An electrode body 37 is formed of a laminate composed of a plurality of sheet-like positive electrodes, sheet-like negative electrodes, and separators.
  • a layer (positive electrode mixture layer) made of a positive electrode mixture containing a positive electrode active material, a conductive additive mainly composed of a carbon material, and a binder is formed on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • An aluminum alloy foil having a thickness of 0.015 mm is used for the positive electrode current collector.
  • the positive electrode mixture layer is a mixture of LiCoO 2 as a positive electrode active material, acetylene black as a conductive auxiliary agent, PVDF as a binder, and the like, and has a thickness per side of 30 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • An aluminum alloy with a thickness of 0.2 mm is used for the positive electrode terminal.
  • a layer (negative electrode mixture layer) made of a negative electrode mixture containing a negative electrode active material, a conductive additive, a binder and the like is formed on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • a copper alloy having a thickness of 0.01 mm is used for the negative electrode current collector.
  • the negative electrode mixture layer is made of a composition such as graphite as a negative electrode active material and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a binder, and has a thickness per side of 30 to 100 ⁇ m. .
  • SBR styrene butadiene rubber
  • CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
  • the negative electrode terminal a surface of a 0.15 mm thick copper alloy with nickel plating is used.
  • a polyolefin microporous film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m and a porosity of 30 to 70% is used.
  • a solution nonaqueous electrolytic solution in which a solute such as LiPF6 is dissolved in an organic solvent mainly composed of ethylene carbonate (EC) is used.
  • EC ethylene carbonate
  • the heat insulating plate 40 has a substantially rectangular shape.
  • a foamable resin is used as the material.
  • the heat sink 41 has a flat plate shape, and an aluminum alloy having a thickness of 0.5 mm is used as the material.
  • Each flat portion is configured to be slightly larger than the main surface of the battery 30 or the heat insulating plate 40 (the surface facing the heat radiating plate).
  • the end portion of the heat radiating plate 41 is bent into a substantially triangular shape in cross-sectional shape to form a flexible portion w2, which is bent according to an external force from the vertical direction in the drawing.
  • the manufacturing process of the assembled battery 100 of the present embodiment includes (1) a battery manufacturing step for manufacturing the battery 30, (2) a housing manufacturing step for manufacturing the housing 101, and (3) a heat sink 41 and a heat insulating plate 40 on the housing 101.
  • a terminal connection / sealing step of electrically connecting the positive and negative terminals 31, 32 of each battery 30 in a predetermined combination and sealing with caps 206, 207 is included.
  • NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
  • the obtained positive electrode mixture-containing paste is applied to both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector, dried, and then subjected to press treatment to form a positive electrode mixture layer, thereby obtaining a sheet-like positive electrode.
  • the obtained sheet-like positive electrode is cut into a shape including a rectangular positive electrode mixture layer forming portion and an exposed portion of the rectangular positive electrode current collector.
  • a binder composed of 1.5% by mass of SBR and 0.5% by mass of CMC is added to 98% by mass of graphite and mixed, and water is further added to prepare a negative electrode mixture-containing paste.
  • the obtained negative electrode mixture-containing paste is applied to both surfaces of the negative electrode current collector, dried, and then subjected to a press treatment to form a negative electrode mixture layer, whereby a sheet-like negative electrode is obtained.
  • the obtained sheet-like negative electrode is cut into a shape including a rectangular negative electrode mixture layer forming portion and an exposed portion of the rectangular negative electrode current collector.
  • each sheet-like positive electrode is ultrasonically welded to the positive electrode terminal made of aluminum alloy
  • the current collector exposed portion of each sheet-like negative electrode is ultrasonically welded to the negative electrode terminal made of copper alloy.
  • the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal have an adhesive layer made of the same modified polyolefin as the resin constituting the heat-sealing resin layer of the outer package on both sides of the portion that is supposed to be located in the heat seal portion of the outer package. Arrange.
  • a laminate film is prepared, and the laminated electrode body is placed on the heat-fusing resin layer 34 of the laminate film so that a part of the positive electrode terminal 31 and the negative electrode terminal 32 protrudes, and the laminate film is wrapped so as to wrap the laminated electrode body. Fold it in half.
  • each side where the laminate film is stacked is heat-sealed except for a part to form an outer package 33, which is vacuum-dried at 70 ° C. for a certain time.
  • an electrolytic solution is injected from a part of the side that is not heat-sealed, and the part is heat-sealed and sealed in a reduced pressure state.
  • the laminated electrode body and the sealed outer body containing the non-aqueous electrolyte are aged for a certain period of time, and then subjected to a chemical conversion treatment by charging with a predetermined current and voltage profile. Get a battery.
  • ⁇ Housing body production step> A billet made of aluminum alloy raw material formed by casting is cut into an appropriate length in advance.
  • the billet is heated to around 500 ° C, which is close to the melting point of the material, and at the same time, the die that is the mold is preheated.
  • the billet is pushed out along the shape of the die with a pressing force of 1000 tons or more by the piston of the press machine.
  • the billet that has been extruded and has a predetermined cross-section is slightly twisted or distorted during the cooling process, and is stretched and straightened from both ends.
  • the extrusion direction is cut to the required length and post-processing is performed.
  • heat treatment for obtaining necessary strength and hardness is performed to obtain a housing 101.
  • Parts accommodation step> As shown in FIG. 5, first, a total of seven heat radiating plates 41 are respectively inserted into predetermined positions from the opening surface of the prepared casing 101. Thereby, a fixed space is formed between the heat radiating plates 41. For each formed space, the heat insulating plate 40 is inserted into the space adjacent to the upper surface 105 and the lower surface 106 of the housing, and the battery 30 is inserted into the other space. Since each space is formed in advance with a size larger than these parts to be inserted, these parts can be inserted without difficulty.
  • each battery 30 In order to facilitate connecting the adjacent batteries 30 in series in the terminal connection / sealing step (that is, the terminals of the positive and negative opposite poles are positioned closest to each other), the direction of each battery is alternately reversed. Further, a part of the outer shape of each battery 30 (the outer peripheral edge portion 134 in FIG. 5) abuts on the inner wall of the casing 101, and the relative position in the paper surface horizontal direction between the battery 30 and the casing 101 is determined. The insertion amount of each battery 30 and the heat insulating plate 40 in the depth direction of the drawing is managed by a jig.
  • the flexible portions w1 and w2 are bent and deformed so that the gap h1 approaches 0.
  • the distance between the heat radiating plates 41 approaches the thickness of the battery 30 and the heat insulating plate 40, and then the upper and lower heat radiating plate portions. 104 compresses the battery 30 and the heat insulating plate 40.
  • the gap h1 becomes 0 (that is, the butted surfaces 205 of the casings 101 constituting the gap h1 come into contact with each other). No longer deforms.
  • the flexible portion w2 of the heat radiating plate 41 has as its internal force a force to return to the initial shape as shown in FIG.
  • a rigid fixing member 201 is applied from the upper surface 105 to the lower surface 106 of the housing 101, and is hooked on the hook 42 formed on the housing 101 to prevent return and fix. This prevents the housing 101 from returning to its original shape due to the springback after the applied pressure is removed.
  • the flexible portions w1 and w2 may be fixed in an elastically deformed state, or may be fixed in a deformed state accompanied by plastic deformation.
  • the caps 206 and 207 are placed on the terminal connection portion and the opposite surfaces (that is, the front and rear end surfaces in the pushing direction of the casing) and sealed to obtain an assembled battery.
  • each battery and the heat radiating plate are always pressed with a predetermined load, so that the contact thermal resistance between the battery and the heat radiating plate can be reduced.
  • the heat sink and the housing can ensure sufficient contact between the heat sink and the housing by the internal force (spring restoring force) remaining in the flexible portion w2 of the heat sink, the contact thermal resistance is reduced. it can. Moreover, since the housing is integral, the thermal resistance in the housing can be reduced.
  • the thermal resistance between the main surface of the battery at both ends of the stack and the casing can be increased by the heat insulating material, and the main path of the heat dissipation path of each battery 30 constituting the assembled battery 100 is used as a path to the side surface portion of the casing 101. Therefore, the temperature unevenness of each battery 30 can be suppressed.
  • the dimensions of the battery housing portion and the heat insulating plate housing portion are larger than the thickness of the battery and heat insulating plate to be housed, these can be inserted and housed easily.
  • the amount of crushing of the battery housing part and the heat insulating plate housing part is automatically managed to a constant value by the abutting surfaces 205 of the housings coming into contact with each other.
  • the surface pressure of the parts is controlled to be constant, and the characteristics of the battery and the heat insulating plate can be stabilized.
  • the positive and negative terminals of adjacent batteries are clamped and fixed in series by sandwiching a 0.2 mm thick copper alloy plate into two folded bus bars, and the terminal positive and negative terminals are connected to positive and negative external connection terminals.
  • a battery pack was constructed by connecting to each.
  • a thermocouple was attached to the surface of the central part of the main surface of each battery accommodated so that the temperature of each battery could be measured.
  • the positive and negative external connection terminals were respectively connected to the battery charge / discharge equipment via the harness, and were fully charged in advance by the charge / discharge equipment.
  • Fig. 8 shows the measurement results with thin ink triangles.
  • the horizontal axis in FIG. 8 is the stacking order of the batteries, # 01 indicates the bottom of the stack, and # 07 indicates the battery at the top of the stack.
  • # 04 that is, the temperature of the battery at the center of the stack became the highest, and decreased as it approached the upper and lower ends of the stack. In the battery having the highest temperature, the temperature was about 43 ° C. from the initial stage (25 ° C.), and increased by about 18 ° C. There was a temperature difference of 2 to 3 ° C. between the battery with the highest temperature and the battery with the lowest temperature.
  • the thermal conductivity is 236 W / m ⁇ K, 0.1 (same), 236 (same) in order, and the specific heat is 900 J / kg ⁇ K, 2000 (same), 900 (same as above) and density of 2700 kg / m ⁇ 3, 85 (same as above) and 2700 (same as above) were used for the analysis.
  • the equivalent material constant as the battery obtained by considering the material constant and the usage amount of each material was used.
  • the thermal conductivity was 1 W / m ⁇ K in the thickness direction (stacking direction), 40 in the width direction (same), the specific heat was 954 J / kg ⁇ K, and the density was 2000 kg / m ⁇ 3.
  • the interface between each heat sink and the housing was assumed to have insufficient thermal contact, and infinite thermal resistance was given.
  • Fig. 8 shows the analysis results with white triangles. Since the analysis result almost overlaps the actual measurement result, it is determined that this analysis condition is appropriate. Under this analysis condition, in order for the heat of each battery to be transferred to the housing and cooled by the cooling air, all heat must be transferred via the adjacent battery and the heat insulating plate having a large thermal resistance. A temperature difference is required between them. The fact that the actual measurement results were well reproduced under these analysis conditions suggests that the heat transfer of the actual machine was performed through an unfavorable route through the heat insulating plate, hardly passing through the route from the heat sink to the housing. Yes. That is, it became clear that thermal contact with the housing by the spring force of the thin and small heat sink cannot be expected.
  • Fig. 9 shows the analysis results with open circles. For comparison, the analysis results shown in FIG. 8 are also shown. It can be seen that the battery temperatures of the present embodiment are generally lower than the analysis results of FIG. 8, and the temperature variations of the batteries are small. This suggests that the heat of each battery was transferred to the housing through the end of the heat sink close to each battery.
  • the heat radiating plate 51 is configured in a flat plate shape including the end portions.
  • a flexible material 116 is provided at the interface between the heat sink 51 and the casing 111. Foamed resin is used for the flexible material 116.
  • the flexible material 116 is fixed in a compressed state in the thickness direction (that is, with a thickness dimension smaller than the original thickness).
  • the illustrated lower surface of the heat radiating plate 51 and the housing 111 are brought into contact with each other by an internal force (force to return to the original shape) due to the flexible material 116 being fixed in a compressed state.
  • a large surface pressure can be applied to the surface. Therefore, since the abutting surface 205 of the housing 101 and the heat radiating plate 51 can be brought into close contact with each other, the contact thermal resistance can be effectively reduced.
  • the flexible material 116 may be disposed as a separate component between the heat sink 51 and the casing 111 at the stage of the component housing step, or temporarily placed in a predetermined position on the heat sink 51 or the casing 111. It may be stopped.
  • a foam metal may be used as the material of the flexible material 116.
  • the thermal conductivity thereof is higher than that in the case of using the foam resin, and therefore the heat sink 116 and the casing 111 through the flexible material 116 are used. This heat transfer can also be performed effectively. (The point that the second embodiment is superior to the first embodiment will be described.)
  • the end of the heat radiating plate 61 is bent into a U shape to form a flexible portion w3.
  • a flexible material 126 is provided on the inner periphery of the U-shaped bending portion. Foamed resin is used for the flexible material 126.
  • the flexible material 126 is fixed in a compressed state in the thickness direction.
  • the flexible portion w3 is fixed in a deformed state compared to the original shape.
  • a large surface pressure can be applied to the contact surface between the heat sink 61 and the housing by the resultant force of the internal force of the flexible material 126 and the internal force of the flexible portion w3 of the heat sink 61. Therefore, the contact thermal resistance can be effectively reduced. Moreover, since the heat sink 61 and the housing 121 can be brought into contact with each other on two surfaces (that is, the upper surface and the lower surface of the U-shaped bent portion), the heat transfer area can be increased compared to the second embodiment. The contact thermal resistance can be effectively reduced.
  • the assembled battery of the present embodiment has improved cooling performance from the assembled battery surface, that is, the housing surface.
  • the assembled battery 130 of this embodiment includes a duct 208 that covers a side surface including the flexible portion w ⁇ b> 1 group of the housing 131.
  • a fixing member 221 is provided on the outer side of the duct 208.
  • the duct 208 is formed by injection molded PBT.
  • a connection interface unit 230 (see FIG. 13) with an external duct is further formed at both ends of the duct 208 in the assembled battery depth direction.
  • One of the two connection interfaces introduces cooling refrigerant and the other exhausts.
  • the space defined by the duct 208 and the casing 131 constitutes a cooling refrigerant flow path 209.
  • the fixing member 221 functions to prevent the casing 131 from returning to its original shape, and at the same time, prevent the duct 208 from being deformed or dropped. Air introduced from outside by a fan is used as the cooling refrigerant.
  • the heat transmitted from each battery 30 to the housing 131 through each heat sink 41 is immediately released to the outside through the cooling refrigerant on the surface of the housing 131, and thus the upper surface of the housing 131. 105, the diffusion to the lower surface 106 can be reduced, and it is not necessary to directly apply the cooling refrigerant to the upper surface 105 and the lower surface 106.
  • a plurality of assembled batteries 130 are arranged closer to each other to configure a large-scale power storage system. In this case, it is not necessary to prepare a gap through which the cooling refrigerant flows on the upper surface 105 or the lower surface 106. Therefore, it becomes possible to arrange a plurality of assembled batteries 130 with higher density.
  • each heat radiating plate 71 is configured in a flat plate shape including an end portion.
  • a through-hole 231 in the thickness direction is formed at the end of each heat radiating plate 71, that is, at the portion that contacts the housing 141.
  • a through hole 232 is also formed in a portion of the housing 141 that coincides with the through hole 231.
  • the through holes 231 of the heat radiating plates 71 are formed at the same position, and the through holes 232 of the housing 141 penetrate the housing 141.
  • the shaft 233 passes through the through holes 231 and 232, and both ends are fixed by caulking 234 in a state where the interfaces between the heat radiating plates 71 and the housing 141 are in contact with each other.
  • each heat sink 71 and the casing 141 are fixed by the caulking 234 in a state of being in good thermal contact with a sufficient surface pressure, so that the contact thermal resistance is effectively reduced. Can be made.
  • a plurality of shafts 233 may be provided in the illustrated depth direction. Further, the mechanical functions of the shaft 233 and the caulking 234 may be achieved by bolts and nuts (how to raise the claim of this embodiment, what to deal with the problem of unity? The point of the present invention is the possibility of the housing) And the heat sink has a flexible part).
  • the assembled battery of the present embodiment is a battery provided with the function of a heat sink.
  • the battery 35 has a peripheral heat-sealed portion in contact with the housing 141 and is sandwiched between the housing 141 from above and below.
  • the batteries 35 at the upper and lower ends of the stack are each sandwiched between the casings 141, and the other batteries 35 located near the center of the stack are sandwiched two by two.
  • the lower packaging body 39 in the figure includes a heat dissipation plate 81 in which a heat fusion layer 43 is formed inside the battery 35 and an exterior resin layer 38 is formed outside. It is comprised by the exterior body 39 containing.
  • the heat sink 81 is made of an aluminum alloy and has a thickness of 0.5 mm.
  • a modified polyolefin film is used for the heat-sealing layer 43, and the thickness is 50 ⁇ m.
  • the exterior resin layer 38 is made of polyester (PE) and has a thickness of 50 ⁇ m.
  • PE polyester
  • the exterior body 39 (and 33) including the heat radiation plate 81 integrated in advance with the battery 35 is in direct contact with the housing 141, and sufficient contact pressure acts on the contact portion. Therefore, the contact thermal resistance between the heat sink 81 and the housing 141 can be reduced. Further, since the battery 35 and the heat radiating plate 81 are mechanically integrated in advance by heat fusion, it is possible to reduce the number of housed parts (the number of parts constituting the assembled battery) in the part housing step. In addition, since the number of members interposed between the electrode portion 37 and the heat radiating plate 81 is reduced (the metal layer on the lower side of the battery shown in FIG. 16 is eliminated), the thermal resistance from the electrode portion 37 to the heat radiating plate 81 is reduced. As a result, the heat of the battery 35 can be more effectively transferred to the heat sink.
  • another heat radiating plate may be provided between the batteries 35, and may be sandwiched between the two batteries 35 and the housing 141.
  • the thickness of the heat radiating plate 81 is 0.5 mm.
  • the thickness be 0.2 mm or more.
  • the heat radiating plate 81 is provided only on the lower exterior body 39 in the figure, but it may be provided on the upper exterior body 33 in the figure.
  • the lithium ion secondary battery is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to secondary batteries in general.
  • the casing is not limited to the A6000 series aluminum alloy exemplified in the above embodiment, but may be made of an A1000 series aluminum alloy having excellent extrudability and higher thermal conductivity.
  • the casing is not limited to the aluminum alloy exemplified in the above embodiment, but may be made of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), and other resins.
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • PPS polyphenylene sulfide
  • each heat radiating plate in one assembled battery is illustrated equally, but the thickness may be changed according to the part. Thereby, the heat flow of each battery can be equalized more finely.
  • the heat insulating plates are in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and one heat dissipating plate is provided at each of the upper end and the lower end in the battery stacking direction.
  • each may be a variant other than a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the casing may be anodized as necessary for improving insulation or protecting the surface.
  • the housing shape after the battery or the like is accommodated is fixed by a separately provided fixing member, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the housing is pressurized in the pressure fixing step.
  • ultrasonic welding may be performed from the upper and lower surfaces of the housing, and a plurality of butted portions may be welded and fixed.
  • a heat sink made of a single metal has been disclosed.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and a multi-material laminate in which an insulating material made of resin is applied to the surface of the heat sink. It is good. A sheet of insulating material made of resin may be interposed between the battery and the heat sink.
  • lithium cobaltate was exemplified as the positive electrode active material
  • graphite was exemplified as the negative electrode active material.
  • the positive electrode active material is a material capable of inserting and removing lithium ions, and a lithium transition metal composite oxide in which a sufficient amount of lithium ions has been inserted in advance may be used.
  • a material in which a part of lithium or a transition metal is substituted or doped with an element other than those may be used.
  • the crystal structure of lithium transition metal complex oxide You may have any crystal structure of a spinel system, a layer system, and an olivine system.
  • the negative electrode active material other than graphite for example, carbon materials such as coke and amorphous carbon can be mentioned, and the particle shape is also particularly limited such as scaly, spherical, fibrous, and massive. It is not a thing.
  • the conductive material and the binder exemplified in the above embodiment are not particularly limited, and any of those normally used in lithium ion secondary batteries can be used.
  • binders that can be used in other embodiments include polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polybutadiene, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, styrene / butadiene rubber, polysulfide rubber, nitrocellulose, cyanoethyl cellulose, various latexes, acrylonitrile, fluorine.
  • examples thereof include polymers such as vinyl fluoride, vinylidene fluoride, propylene fluoride, and chloroprene fluoride, and mixtures thereof.
  • the nonaqueous electrolytic solution in which LiPF6 is dissolved in an ethylene carbonate-based organic solvent such as ethylene carbonate is exemplified.
  • a liquid may be used, and the present invention is not particularly limited to the lithium salt or organic solvent used.
  • the electrolyte LiClO4, LiAsF6, LiBF4, LiB (C6H5) 4, CH3SO3Li, CF3SO3Li, or a mixture thereof can be used.
  • organic solvent diethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, 1,2-diethoxyethane, ⁇ -butyrolactone, sulfolane, propionitrile, or a mixed solvent in which two or more of these are mixed can be used.
  • ultrasonic welding was performed by bringing a metal bus bar into contact between the terminals to be connected. May be directly contacted with each other, and an insulating material may be interposed so as not to contact with other terminals, and the bolts made of an insulating material may be collectively screwed and connected in the stacking direction.
  • a stainless steel film may be used for the metal layer of the laminate film.
  • the battery and the heat insulating plate are shown as the components to be accommodated in the housing, but other structures such as an assembled battery control circuit and a voltage detection circuit for each battery may be accommodated.
  • the present invention provides a secondary battery capable of minimizing deterioration due to temperature, it contributes to the manufacture and sale of secondary batteries, and thus has industrial applicability.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une batterie assemblée ayant une densité de capacité volumique élevée et comprenant des batteries d'unité, les températures desquelles étant uniformes. Une pluralité de batteries et une pluralité de plaques de dissipation thermique sont logées dans un type tubulaire de châssis formé par extrusion. Les plaques de dissipation thermique sont interposées entre des parties de mise en butée et entre des parties souples, les parties de mise en butée et les parties souples étant formées sur le châssis. Les parties de mise en butée sont amenées plus près les unes des autres en association avec la déformation des parties souples. Les plaques de dissipation thermique sont ensuite fixées en étant mises en contact avec les parties de mise en butée.
PCT/JP2013/054071 2013-02-20 2013-02-20 Batterie assemblée et batterie utilisée dans celle-ci WO2014128841A1 (fr)

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JP2016219246A (ja) * 2015-05-20 2016-12-22 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ 蓄電装置
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EP3309866A4 (fr) * 2016-05-31 2018-07-18 LG Chem, Ltd. Module de batterie, bloc-batterie le comprenant et automobile
CN109449338A (zh) * 2018-12-10 2019-03-08 广州市垠瀚能源科技有限公司 一种电动汽车的电芯固定结构及电动车
WO2019059045A1 (fr) * 2017-09-22 2019-03-28 Ｎｅｃエナジーデバイス株式会社 Élément de batterie et module de batterie
CN111668026A (zh) * 2020-07-01 2020-09-15 威海汉城成镐电子有限公司 一种低热阻汽车电池组管理系统滤波薄膜电容器
CN112060937A (zh) * 2020-09-20 2020-12-11 邹思良 一种新能源汽车底盘
WO2020253003A1 (fr) * 2019-06-20 2020-12-24 南京德朔实业有限公司 Bloc-batterie et combinaison d'outil électrique et de bloc-batterie
JP2022549925A (ja) * 2020-08-05 2022-11-29 エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド 電池モジュール、これを含む電池パックおよび電池モジュール製造方法
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JP2016210207A (ja) * 2015-04-30 2016-12-15 アイシン軽金属株式会社 車両のバッテリー保護構造体
JP2016219246A (ja) * 2015-05-20 2016-12-22 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ 蓄電装置
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CN109314198B (zh) * 2016-03-03 2022-08-19 柯锐世先进解决方案有限责任公司 电化学电池固定在电池模块的壳体内
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CN109314198A (zh) * 2016-03-03 2019-02-05 江森自控先进能源动力系统有限责任公司 电化学电池固定在电池模块的壳体内
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EP3309866A4 (fr) * 2016-05-31 2018-07-18 LG Chem, Ltd. Module de batterie, bloc-batterie le comprenant et automobile
JP2018533825A (ja) * 2016-05-31 2018-11-15 エルジー・ケム・リミテッド バッテリーモジュール及びそれを含むバッテリーパック、自動車
WO2019059045A1 (fr) * 2017-09-22 2019-03-28 Ｎｅｃエナジーデバイス株式会社 Élément de batterie et module de batterie
CN111095668A (zh) * 2017-09-22 2020-05-01 远景Aesc能源元器件有限公司 电池单体以及电池模块
JP7396895B2 (ja) 2017-09-22 2023-12-12 株式会社Ａｅｓｃジャパン 電池モジュール
JPWO2019059045A1 (ja) * 2017-09-22 2020-10-22 株式会社エンビジョンＡｅｓｃエナジーデバイス 電池セル及び電池モジュール
CN109449338A (zh) * 2018-12-10 2019-03-08 广州市垠瀚能源科技有限公司 一种电动汽车的电芯固定结构及电动车
CN109449338B (zh) * 2018-12-10 2024-05-07 广州市垠瀚能源科技有限公司 一种电动汽车的电芯固定结构及电动车
WO2020253003A1 (fr) * 2019-06-20 2020-12-24 南京德朔实业有限公司 Bloc-batterie et combinaison d'outil électrique et de bloc-batterie
CN111668026A (zh) * 2020-07-01 2020-09-15 威海汉城成镐电子有限公司 一种低热阻汽车电池组管理系统滤波薄膜电容器
JP2022549925A (ja) * 2020-08-05 2022-11-29 エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド 電池モジュール、これを含む電池パックおよび電池モジュール製造方法
JP7394975B2 (ja) 2020-08-05 2023-12-08 エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド 電池モジュール、これを含む電池パックおよび電池モジュール製造方法
CN112060937A (zh) * 2020-09-20 2020-12-11 邹思良 一种新能源汽车底盘
WO2023134547A1 (fr) * 2022-01-13 2023-07-20 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Corps de boîtier, batterie, appareil électrique, procédé et appareil de préparation de batterie

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