Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
  • D04H1/558—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in combination with mechanical or physical treatments other than embossing
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
  • D04H1/4242—Carbon fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
  • B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
  • B29C70/081—Combinations of fibres of continuous or substantial length and short fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4274—Rags; Fabric scraps
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
  • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
  • D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
  • D10B2101/10—Inorganic fibres based on non-oxides other than metals
  • D10B2101/12—Carbon; Pitch
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
  • D10B2401/10—Physical properties porous
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2505/00—Industrial
  • D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
  • Y10T442/69—Autogenously bonded nonwoven fabric

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a fiber-based carrier structure comprising proportions of industrially produced reinforcing fibrous webs comprising as a first reinforcing fiber component finite fibers in a confused array and comprising as a second reinforcing fiber component finite fiber bundles, the fiber-based carrier structure further comprising a pore system.
• WO 2012/072 405 A1 describes a fiber preform having a unidirectional fiber ribbons, which is constructed from two zones which differ from one another. This known fiber preform thus has an anisotropic structure. In a first zone reinforcing fiber bundles are arranged, the one
• Resin composition while the second zone comprises a unidirectionally oriented reinforcing yarn strand, as well as a resin composition.
• the aim of this document is to provide a fiber preform that allows adaptation to the respective local loads in the component.
• WO 2010/139077 A1 describes a method for producing a composite material having the features of the aforementioned type.
• This comprises a core layer comprising at least 20% by volume of air pores comprising a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic and reinforcing strips of continuous, parallel, unidirectional reinforcing fibers which are embossed on one or both sides into the surface of the core layer.
• the reinforcing fibers of the outer layer are thermally welded to the core layer using thermoplastic binders. It remains unclear how the airborne content in the core layer is deliberately adjusted. could be or whether these pores are still accessible from the outside. Here there is a high product anisotropy between core and outer layer.
• the embossed in the surface of the core layer reinforcing fiber strips are aligned parallel to each other. This document is about producing a composite material with high strength and rigidity, which is a good one
• DE 10 2007 012 608 A1 relates to a method for producing a preform for a force-flow-compatible fiber composite structure in which a flat sliver obtained by spreading a fiber bundle is placed at a predefined position and then fixed by means of a binder material. Since a load-oriented arrangement of the slivers is sought here, results in a high product aisotropy. No defined mixtures of individual fibers and fiber bundles are used.
• DE 10 2008 026 161 A1 describes a method for producing a fiber composite component in which continuous reinforcement fibers are used, which are combined with a matrix material to form an impregnated fiber material in the immediate vicinity of a molding die. Again, it is a load-based arrangement of reinforcing fibers, resulting in a high anisotropy in fiber orientation, with endless reinforcing fibers are used.
• nonwovens are used, which are characterized in that they consist of fibers whose position can only be described by the methods of statistics.
• Nonwovens are made according to the fiber material (eg the polymer in man-made fibers), the bonding process a distinction is made between fiber type (staple or continuous fibers), fiber fineness and fiber orientation.
• the fibers can be deposited defined in a preferred direction or be completely stochastically oriented as the random nonwoven fabric or random web.
• a nonwoven fabric with defined proportions of fiber bristles and individual fibers as a support structure for substances and its use in the field of fiber composites has hitherto not been known.
• Conventional nonwovens which may be bonded mechanically, thermally or chemically, have detectable properties, depending on the pulp, fiber geometry (thickness, length), pulp mixture and production or solidification, in order to bind liquids or solid particles in the form of powders.
• liquids this is referred to as a certain pumping speed, which is expressed by the fact that more or less large quantities of liquid - mostly aqueous, low-viscosity systems for applications in the area of cleaning or of absorbing in the sense of disposal, in a nonwoven fabric be absorbed into the inner layers. Tough liquids or melts can only be absorbed at the fleece surface without additional measures. As the viscosity of the liquid increases, it becomes increasingly difficult to penetrate it into the core of a nonwoven layer. Here you can help yourself with long drinking times, with an additional elaborate suction of the nonwoven fabric, for example by means of vacuum or pressure injection with only limited success.
• the object of the present invention is to define a fiber-based support structure with the features mentioned, made for example of fiber beds of finite fibers random arrangement / orientation, the matt-like or three-dimensionally shaped as reinforcing kung semi-finished a high and controllable impregnability with viscous liquids and Having powders and at the same time deposit high amounts of these substances in the interior evenly distributed.
• the invention provides a fiber-based carrier structure for the production of fiber-reinforced composite materials, which by using a defined mixture of finely randomly arranged fiber bundles and finely randomly arranged individual fibers, in particular for the absorption of liquids, melts and / or
• Solid particles is suitable, wherein on the mixing ratio fiber bundle: individual fibers, the impregnability and the absorption capacity of liquid, viscous, and / or solid powdery substances is adjustable.
• the fiber in this case, the structure, in terms of length, width and thickness, has the same structure and is characterized by an open-cell, openly accessible pore system.
• the fibrous carrier structure according to the invention does not consist of at least two different product zones of different composition and orientation as described in WO2012 / 072405 A1 or, as described in WO 2010/139077, a core and a completely differently constructed top layer of continuous fibers.
• the finite fiber bundles result from initially endless but finely shrunk reinforcing fiber bundles or multifilament yarn pieces in which the individual fibers adhere to one another mechanically by non-natural bonding means for at least 50% of their length.
• it may also be fibrous materials from recycling processes, if they result in a bundle-like manner in the context of this invention.
• the individual fibers used in the mixture used may consist of the same or a different polymer as the fiber bundles used.
• This particular support structure formed from both fiber systems, fiber bundles and single fibers in a defined uniform or different thickness and / or basis weight, is mechanically, thermally and / or chemically stabilized and fixed in such a way that at least 10, at most 90% of the resulting, consolidated fiber support Fiber bundles with a minimum of 10 parallel adhering individual fibers and an open-pore system open over the entire structure open.
• the pore system comprises a plurality of interconnected cavities which are interconnected by transport channels to transport externally applied powders and / or liquids in the cavities can.
• the product is provided to produce the product from a defined mixture of individual finite fibers and finite fiber bundles, to form them into a surface or three-dimensionally and then to fix them.
• the proportion of the fiber bundles used determines to a decisive degree the impregnability or the penetration depth of highly viscous and powdery substances into the product layer.
• the proportion of individual fibers determines to a decisive extent the penetrability of storable liquids or powders.
• the higher the proportion of fiber bundles in the structure the higher the proportion of larger cavities with macropores and partly continuous channels, the higher the proportion of individual fibers in the structure, the higher the proportion of smaller cavities.
• the cavities are connected to each other by transport channels to transport externally applied powder and / or liquids or melts in the cavities can.
• this effect is specifically designed and controlled via a specifically adjustable mixture of the two components.
• the product according to the invention therefore finely fibrous materials of the same or different types in two forms, a bundled, undefibered form and a fiber-singled form in defined proportions processed so that in a nonwoven mat or a three-dimensional molding at least 10%, but not more than 90% of the fibers used still remain as undecorated bundles and thus significantly determine their further usability as semi-finished fiber products for reinforcing plastics.
• the fiber bundles and the individual fibers are present in a random arrangement, without defined orientation, as can be achieved, for example, by a confused filling.
• Such mixtures can be generated defined on the one hand by gravimetric weighing of one or more bundled fiber components with one or more fiber-isolated fiber components and subsequent mixing, for example by means of textile mixing technology.
• the aperture technique, number of passages and parameters to be used are adjusted to one another in conjunction with the character of the fiber-bundled starting material in such a way that the desired residual bundle fraction in the product results.
• the main influencing parameters in the starting material are the fiber bundle length and the adhesion intensity of the individual fibers in the fiber bundles presented.
• the mechanically detachable parallel sticking together of the individual fibers over a length of> 50% of the individual fiber length in the bundles is decisively determined by the type and amount of adhesive polymer-foreign substances, such as, for example, sizes and finishes, on the fiber surface.
• Binders in the bundles can also be used non-crosslinked and / or uncured polymers.
• An important criterion is that these bundles must be mechanically relatively easy to dissolve. In this way, it is technically possible to produce constant proportions of 10% to 90% fiber bundles and the remainder as individual fibers in a quantity of fiber which, by mechanical and / or pneumatic processing, subsequently to a constant or variable thickness and basis weight.
• ierenden fiber layer can be constructed.
• the fiber bundles are characterized in that they consist of at least 10 parallel adhering individual fibers that adhere to each other over at least 50% of their length.
• the fiber bundles can be mechanically resolved relatively easily and without fiber damage into smaller bundles or individual fibers.
• the use of carding and carding in the processing process is dispensed with.
• the type of modifications depends on the plant technology used, the fiber material used and the fraction of fiber bundles desired in the end product. In tests, therefore, all influencing parameters must be coordinated with each other and the necessary plant and technology modifications must be made.
• mechanically and / or pneumatically operated aggregates such as filling shafts, airlay or fiber blowing plants are suitable for laying the loose fibrous layer of bundled and shredded fractions.
• the open pore system of the fleece-like semi-finished product consists of small cavities, which form insbeondere as spaces between the tangled, intersecting and diameter very thin single fibers, and larger cavities, which arise as spaces between the tangled intersecting and diameter substantially larger fiber bundles.
• a correspondingly finer or coarser open-pored cavity system or pore system with different impregnabilities and substance storage capacity results.
• These pores or cavities which can be selectively adjusted in accordance with the proportions of individual fibers and fiber bundles, perform the function of binder transport or binder infiltration of the nonwoven semifinished product as well as retention of the binder in the nonwoven semifinished product in subsequent processing.
• the coarser, open pore system forms transport channels for thick, viscous binder resins and powders that reach into the center of the nonwoven layer. This makes it possible to substantially support a targeted, complete impregnation with viscous liquids and powders, which simplifies the impregnation technology on the cost and technology side, shortens impregnation times and makes it possible to use thicker reinforcing semi-finished fiber products.
• the finer pores based on the individual fibers in the product ensure that the penetrated binding components are retained in the product like a sponge and stored.
• the proportion of fine and coarse pores is determined by the respective proportions of coarse fiber bundles and fine individual fibers in the nonwoven fabric.
• impregnating medium to be used for forming the solidified support structure or the fiber-reinforced molding and the infiltration technology the proportions of fiber bundles and individual fibers are to be tested and determined in preliminary tests for the particular fiber material to be used.
• additional vertical branch channels can be formed for the existing pore structure, which support a binder transport into the nonwoven layer and influence the function of impregnability.
• the fibers used are in the range of conventional reinforcing fiber substances settled. These may be organic fibers such as para-aramids as well as glass and carbon fibers including such fibers from various recycling processes.
• Fiber bundling was determined by manually screening a fiber sample of 1 g, weighing the bundles of at least 10 individual fibers and calculating the percentage by mass.
• the dimensions of the measuring chamber (diameter, height),
• the porosity of a fiber graft was determined by means of the wool fatigue tester type 4/15/1 from Medimpex (Hungary) by means of this air flow method.
• the Faserpropfen in this case, the specimen, formed from the carrier structure produced according to the embodiment. All parameters except the fiber material to be tested were left constant.
• the air resistance generated by the fiber plug is read in the meter in [mm] of an isopropanol liquid column.
• the column height in [mm] is directly proportional to the established air flow resistance and thus indirectly proportional to porosity.
• the tests were each carried out on 1.4 g of fiber material at an air flow rate of 400 l / min.
• the test liquid was a CMC solution having a viscosity (25 ° C) at shear rate 2 / s of 1.7 Pas.
• the mass of the test drop was always 0.5 g.
• the other half of the starting material was processed as a comparison material by a 2-fold carding with a roll card when using 3 worker / Wendercruen at 10 m / min to cream pile and loosely stacked by means of Quertäfler, so that this resulted in a basis weight of 370 g / m 2 ,
• both loose fiber layers, feeder layer and carded and laid layer with a Thermofix the Fa. Schott & Meissner at a flow rate of 2 m / min, a heating temperature of 190 ° C and a gap of 1, 5 mm, in which the two Fiber layers were successively passed between an upper and lower conveyor belt through the thermal consolidation system, semi-solidified to a mat and fixed the formed cavity and pore structures.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

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Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Related Child Applications (1)

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Citations (10)

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• 2014
  • 2014-02-19 JP JP2015558431A patent/JP2016510091A/ja active Pending
  • 2014-02-19 DE DE102014102079.0A patent/DE102014102079A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-02-19 CA CA2900996A patent/CA2900996A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2014-02-19 KR KR1020157025436A patent/KR20150120445A/ko active Search and Examination
  • 2014-02-19 CN CN201480009795.0A patent/CN105339540A/zh active Pending
  • 2014-02-19 WO PCT/EP2014/053201 patent/WO2014128149A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2014-02-19 EP EP14705188.2A patent/EP2959044A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2015
  • 2015-08-20 US US14/830,944 patent/US20150354111A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2016
  • 2016-03-24 HK HK16103492.9A patent/HK1215597A1/zh unknown

Patent Citations (10)

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