WO2014117752A1 - 一种pnn配体-金属络合物催化剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种pnn配体-金属络合物催化剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2014117752A1
WO2014117752A1 PCT/CN2014/072159 CN2014072159W WO2014117752A1 WO 2014117752 A1 WO2014117752 A1 WO 2014117752A1 CN 2014072159 W CN2014072159 W CN 2014072159W WO 2014117752 A1 WO2014117752 A1 WO 2014117752A1
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ligand
aryl
nmr
mhz
reaction
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黄正
张雷
彭东杰
左自青
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中国科学院上海有机化学研究所
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F5/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F5/02Boron compounds
    • C07F5/025Boronic and borinic acid compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/18Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
    • B01J31/189Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms containing both nitrogen and phosphorus as complexing atoms, including e.g. phosphino moieties, in one at least bidentate or bridging ligand
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F15/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F15/02Iron compounds
    • C07F15/025Iron compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F15/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F15/06Cobalt compounds
    • C07F15/065Cobalt compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2231/00Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/30Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
    • B01J2231/32Addition reactions to C=C or C-C triple bonds
    • B01J2231/323Hydrometalation, e.g. bor-, alumin-, silyl-, zirconation or analoguous reactions like carbometalation, hydrocarbation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/02Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
    • B01J2531/0238Complexes comprising multidentate ligands, i.e. more than 2 ionic or coordinative bonds from the central metal to the ligand, the latter having at least two donor atoms, e.g. N, O, S, P
    • B01J2531/0241Rigid ligands, e.g. extended sp2-carbon frameworks or geminal di- or trisubstitution
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/80Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
    • B01J2531/84Metals of the iron group
    • B01J2531/842Iron
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/80Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
    • B01J2531/84Metals of the iron group
    • B01J2531/845Cobalt

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a PN ligand-metal complex catalyst, a preparation method and application thereof, and more particularly to a metal complex catalyst containing an electron donating tridentate PN ligand, a preparation method thereof and a method thereof
  • the application in the hydroboration of monoolefins belongs to the field of organic chemistry. Background technique
  • Organoboric acid and its derivatives are often used as intermediates in organic synthesis.
  • the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction can couple the organoboron compound C (sp 3 ) with a halogenated hydrocarbon to form a CC bond.
  • Organic boronic acid derivatives have unique stability compared to other organometallic nucleophiles, and many borate esters can be isolated, purified and stored in air.
  • scientistss have developed a variety of methods for synthesizing organoborates.
  • One of the commonly used methods is to convert a halogenated hydrocarbon into an organolithium reagent or a Grignard reagent, and the resulting organometallic reagent is reacted with a boron-containing compound to prepare an organoborate, but this method is poor in compatibility due to functional groups.
  • a large amount of inorganic salts are formed in the process, and there is no high synthetic value.
  • Hartwig et al. developed a method for directly forming an organic boronic acid ester by reacting an alkane with a B 2 Pin 2 reaction using Rh as a catalyst, but the reaction conditions are relatively harsh.
  • Liu, Marder and Steel reported a relatively mild method. They used copper as a catalyst, and halogenated hydrocarbons reacted with B 2 Pin 2 to form organic boronic esters.
  • this method requires an excessive amount of B 2 Pin. 2 , and a large amount of inorganic salts are produced.
  • the organoborate can be prepared by R or Ir catalyzing the hydroboration of an alkene.
  • dialkylboron can be directly added to the same olefin, the dialkoxyborane reacts very slowly in the absence of a catalyst.
  • Metal-catalyzed hydroboration can occur under very mild conditions and has high atomic economy, which is an effective synthesis method.
  • Wilkinson catalysts have been widely used in the hydroboration of various olefins, but are often accompanied by various side reactions such as olefin dehydroboration, hydrogenation, and the like.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a PN ligand-metal complex catalyst, a preparation method and application thereof, and an inexpensive, environmentally friendly, 100% atomic availability, mild reaction condition and simple addition to the catalyst field.
  • the PN ligand-metal complex catalyst of the present invention is a compound having the following formula:
  • R is ⁇ . Alkane group or C 6 ⁇ C 3 .
  • Aryl; RR 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group of dC ⁇ , an oxygen-containing group of dC ⁇ , a sulfur-containing group of dC ⁇ a nitrogen-containing group of dC ⁇ , a phosphorus-containing group of d-o, a silicon-containing group of d-o or other inert functional group, wherein the above groups are the same or different from each other, wherein adjacent groups are mutually
  • the bond is cyclized or unbonded into a ring;
  • X is a halogen atom or ⁇ .
  • Alkyl; M is cobalt or iron.
  • R in the formula is selected from ethyl, isopropyl, t-butyl or phenyl;
  • X in the formula is selected from Cl, Br, I, methyl, phenyl, t-butyl or Trimethylsilylmethyl.
  • alkane or “alkyl” means a saturated linear or branched-chain alkane group, e.g. -CH 3 or -CHCCH 3) 2.
  • hydrocarbyl represents a linear or branched hydrocarbon moiety, such as -CH 3 or -CHCCH 3) 2.
  • alkoxy denotes a - 0 -( C 1 -6 alkyl) group.
  • oxygen-containing group means sulfur-containing group
  • nitrogen-containing group means nitrogen-containing group
  • phosphorus-containing group means sicon-containing group
  • groups of 0, S, N, P and Si Such as alkoxy, -S-(Cl-6 alkyl), decyl, amino, amine, siloxy, trimethylsilyl, trimethylsilylmethyl and the like.
  • aryl refers to a hydrocarbyl moiety containing one or more aromatic rings. Examples of the aryl moiety include phenyl (Ph), naphthyl, anthracenyl, fluorenyl and phenanthryl.
  • alkane, hydrocarbyl, alkyl, alkoxy, oxygen-containing groups, sulfur-containing groups, nitrogen-containing groups, phosphorus-containing groups, silicon-containing groups, and aryl groups described herein include both substitutions. And unsubstituted parts.
  • Possible substituents on alkane, hydrocarbyl, alkyl, alkoxy, oxygen-containing, sulfur-containing, nitrogen-containing, phosphorus-containing, silicon-containing, and aryl groups include, but are not limited to: A C1-C10 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a trimethylsilyl group or the like.
  • a method for preparing the above PN ligand-metal complex catalyst is to carry out a coordination reaction of a PN ligand with MX 2 or Py 2 MX 2 , and the reaction formula is as follows:
  • Py in Py 2 MX 2 is a pyridyl group.
  • the coordination reaction includes the following operations: a) preparing an organic solution of MX 2 or Py 2 MX 2 and an organic solution of the PNN ligand;
  • the coordination reaction comprises the steps of:
  • MX 2 or Py 2 MX 2 is coordinated with a PN ligand to obtain the catalyst.
  • room temperature means 0-50 ° C, preferably 4-30 ° C.
  • the organic solution is selected from the group consisting of: tetrahydrofuran solution, diethyl ether solution, t-butyl ether solution, n-hexane solution, n-pentane solution or toluene solution.
  • the organic solution is an anhydrous organic solution.
  • the molar concentration of the organic solution of MX 2 or Py 2 MX 2 is 0.01 mol/L to 0.1 mol/L; the molar concentration of the organic solution of the PN ligand is 0.1 mol/L to 1.0 mol/L; PN The molar ratio of the ligand to MX 2 or Py 2 MX 2 is 1:1 to 2:1.
  • the PN ligand-metal complex catalyst is as a catalyst for the hydroboration of monoolefins.
  • the hydroboration reaction of the monoolefin refers to a hydroboration reaction in which only a double bond occurs.
  • the hydroboration reaction refers to an olefin having a (double bond)
  • the PN ligand-metal complex is used as a catalyst, and a boronic reagent of ⁇ -position double bond occurs in the presence of NaBHEt 3 using pinacol borane (HBPin) as a boron reagent.
  • HBPin pinacol borane
  • the hydroboration reaction comprises the following operations:
  • reaction system is exposed to air and quenched, and then subjected to purification treatment.
  • the step 1 is carried out under the protection of an inert gas.
  • the conditions of the above hydroboration reaction are preferably: a molar ratio of olefin having a double bond to a pinacol borane of 1:1,
  • the molar ratio of the PN ligand-cobalt complex to the pinacol borane is 0.00005:1 ⁇ 0.01:1, and the molar ratio of NaHBEt 3 to the PNN ligand-cobalt complex is 2:1.
  • the hydroboration reaction is carried out without a solvent or in tetrahydrofuran, toluene, n-hexane or diethyl ether.
  • the conditions of the above hydroboration reaction are preferably: a molar ratio of the olefin having a double bond to the pinacol borane of 2:1, The molar ratio of the PN ligand-iron complex to the pinacol borane is 0.0025: 1 ⁇ 0.05: 1, and the molar ratio of NaHBEt 3 to the PNN ligand-iron complex is 3:1.
  • the hydroboration reaction is carried out in tetrahydrofuran, toluene or acetonitrile.
  • the olefin having a (double bond) may be represented by the following formula: r 8 " ⁇ or wherein R 8 in the formula represents any alkyl group or an alkyl group having various organic functional groups, and the functional group includes a silane or an ether.
  • R 8 in the formula represents any alkyl group or an alkyl group having various organic functional groups, and the functional group includes a silane or an ether.
  • a prominent effect of the present invention is that the hydroboration product obtained by the monoolefin hydroboration reaction using the P N ligand-metal complex catalyst of the present invention does not require separation, and can directly carry out a coupling reaction with a chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon.
  • the coupling reaction refers to a chlorinated aromatic compound and the above hydroboration product, using Pd(OAc) ⁇ BR U ph OS as Catalyst, using potassium t-butoxide as a base to achieve cross-coupling reaction; includes the following operations:
  • the molar ratio of the hydroboration product to the chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon is 1: 1
  • the molar ratio of Pd(OAc) 2 to the hydroboration product is 0.02: 1
  • the molar ratio of Ruphos to the hydroboration product is The ratio is 0.04:1
  • the molar ratio of KC ⁇ Bu to the hydroboration product is 3:1.
  • the present invention also provides a novel class of compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds 3g, 3h, 3i, 3j, 3k, 31, 3m, 3n; 4c, 4e, 4g, 4j, 4k.
  • the present invention also has the following remarkable effects:
  • the preparation method of the P N ligand-metal complex provided by the invention is simple, the raw material is cheap and easy to obtain, the environment is friendly, the reaction condition is mild, the yield is high, the post-treatment is simple, and the scale is easy.
  • the P N ligand-metal complex provided by the present invention has 100% atomic efficiency and good functional group compatibility for hydroboration of a monoolefin
  • the P N ligand-metal complex provided by the present invention has excellent catalytic activity for hydroboration of monoolefins, and has good selectivity, high yield, and mild reaction conditions.
  • the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.
  • the P N ligand used in the examples was prepared by the method described in J Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 16756.
  • the above powder (50 mg) was dissolved in CH 2 C 1 2 (3 mL), and 1 mL of a mixed solvent of CH 2 C 1 2 and n-hexane (1:1) was added as a buffer layer to the upper layer of the solution, and a large amount of positive solvent was added to the upper layer of the mixed solvent.
  • the alkane was allowed to stand for several days, and the n-hexane was slowly diffused into the CH 2 C 1 2 solution of the complex to obtain a purple-black crystal for single crystal diffraction.
  • the above powder (50 mg) was dissolved in CH 2 C1 2 (3 mL), and 1 mL of a mixed solvent of CH 2 C 1 2 and n-hexane (1:1) was added as a buffer layer to the upper layer of the solution, and the upper layer of the mixed solvent was added.
  • a large amount of n-hexane was allowed to stand for several days, and the n-hexane was slowly diffused into the CH 2 C 1 2 solution of the complex to obtain a black crystal for single crystal diffraction.
  • FeCl 2 0.381 g, 3 mmol, lequiv
  • B THF 50 mL
  • the PN ligand 1.37 mg, 3.3 mmol, l. lequiv
  • the THF solution (10 mL) was added dropwise to the above solution, and the color gradually became black; after stirring at room temperature for 24 h, the solvent was drained with an oil pump; the obtained solid was dissolved in CH 2 C1 2 (10 mL), and then added diethyl ether (30 mL), a red solid precipitated was filtered and washed with ether to give brick-red powder (0.953g, 72%); the above-described brick-red powder (30mg), was dissolved in a CH 2 C1 2 (2mL) and n-hexane (2mL In a mixed solvent consisting of the solution, then placing the solution in a glove box and slowly evaporating for several days, red crystals grow out
  • Tr-PNNFeCl 2 (complex D) was prepared in substantially the same manner as described above. ''Pr-PNNFeCl 2 (complex D):
  • Example 6 Complex C obtained in Example 5 for different monoolefins Catalytic activity experiment of boronic hydrogenation 6a-p HBPin
  • N _ group base _ N _ (3. (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) propyl) aniline
  • the PN ligand-iron complex (0.25 to 5 mol%) of the present invention is used as a catalyst
  • pinacol can cause selective hydroboration of the terminal double bond of the olefin having the ⁇ -position double bond, and the catalytic activity and selectivity are very remarkable.
  • Example 7 The complex obtained in Example 5 Catalytic Activity Experiment of C on the Hydroboration of Aryl Ethylene ⁇ Complex C
  • the complex CC 4.4 mg, O.Olmmol, 0.02 equiv), toluene C2 mL), acetonitrile, 10 equiv) 8a (104 mg, 1 mmol, 2 equiv) and HBpin (75 ⁇ , 0.5 mmol, lequiv) force
  • a 25 mL Schlenk tube after stirring, add NaHBEt 3 ClM) C3 ( ⁇ L, 0.03 mmol, 0.06 equiv); after stirring at room temperature for 30 min, the system was exposed to air and quenched; Concentration at 50 ° C, followed by flash column chromatography (silica gel about 5 cm, pure petroleum ether as eluent) gave colorless liquid 9a (87.3 mg, 75%).
  • the complex CC 4.4 mg, O.Olmmol, 0.02 equiv), toluene C2 mL), acetonitrile ⁇ 10 equiv) 8b (1 18 mg, 1 mmol, 2 equiv) and HBpin ( ⁇ 5 ⁇ , 0.5 mmol, lequiv Adding to a 25 mL Schlenk tube, stirring well, adding NaHBEt 3 ClM) C3 ( ⁇ L, 0.03 mmol, 0.06 equiv); after stirring at room temperature for 30 min, the system is exposed to air and quenched; Concentration at 50 ° C, followed by flash column chromatography (approximately 5 cm of silica gel, purified petroleum ether as eluent) gave colorless liquid 9b (103.1mg, 84%).
  • the complex CC 4.4 mg, O.Olmmol, 0.02 equiv), toluene C 2 mL), acetonitrile ⁇ 10 10 (iv), 8c (134 mg, 1 mmol, 2 equiv) and HBpin (75 ⁇ , 0.5 mmol, lequiv) force
  • the complex CC 4.4 mg, O.Olmmol, 0.02 equiv), toluene C2 mL), acetonitrile, 10 equiv) 8d (122 mg, 1 mmol, 2 equiv) and HBpin ( ⁇ 5 ⁇ L, 0.5 mmol, lequiv)
  • HBpin ⁇ 5 ⁇ L, 0.5 mmol, lequiv
  • the PN ligand-metal complex, especially the cobalt complex provided by the invention has excellent catalytic activity for the hydroboration reaction of the monoolefin, and has significant progress compared with the prior art.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种 PNN配体-金属络合物催化剂及其制备方法和应用。所述催化剂是具有如下通式的化合物:AA或BB,其中:M为铁或钴,R为 C1~C30的烷烃基或 C6~C30的芳基;R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7独立选自氢原子、卤素原子、C1-C30的烃基、C1-C30的含氧基团、C1-C30的含硫基团、C1-C30的含氮基团、C1-C30的含磷基团、C1-C30的含硅基团或其它惰性功能性基团;X为卤原子或 C1-C30的烷烃基。该催化剂的制备是将 PNN配体与 MX2或 Py2MX2进行配位反应。本发明提供的 PNN配体-金属络合物对单烯烃的硼氢化反应具有非常好的催化活性。

Description

一种 PNN配体 -金属络合物催化剂及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明涉及一种 P N配体-金属络合物催化剂及其制备方法和应用, 具体说, 是涉及 一种含给电子的三齿型 P N配体的金属络合物催化剂及其制备方法和其在单烯烃的硼氢 化反应中的应用, 属于有机化学技术领域。 背景技术
有机硼酸及其衍生物常作为中间体, 被广泛用于有机合成中, 比如, Suzuki-Miyaura 反应就可以将有机硼化合物 C (sp3) 同卤代烃偶联形成 C-C键。 有机硼酸衍生物同其它有 机金属亲核试剂相比具有独特的稳定性, 许多硼酸酯在空气中就可以分离纯化和储存。 科 学家们已经发展了多种合成有机硼酸酯的方法。 其中一种常用的方法是将卤代烃转化为有 机锂试剂或格氏试剂, 生成的有机金属试剂再和含硼的化合物反应来制备有机硼酸酯, 但 这种方法由于官能团兼容性差, 反应过程中又生成大量无机盐, 并没有很高的合成价值。 最近, Hartwig等人发展了一种用 Rh作为催化剂, 烷烃和 B2Pin2反应直接生成有机硼酸酯 的方法, 但反应条件相对苛刻。 不久前 Liu, Marder和 Steel等人又报道了一种相对温和的 方法, 他们用铜做催化剂, 卤代烃和 B2Pin2反应生成有机硼酸酯, 然而这种方法需要过量 的 B2Pin2, 并且有大量的无机盐产生。
另外, 有机硼酸酯可以通过 R 或者 Ir催化烯烃硼氢化反应来制备。 虽然二烷基硼可 以同烯烃能直接加成, 但二烷氧基硼烷在没有催化剂条件下, 反应非常缓慢。 金属催化的 硼氢化可以在很温和的条件下发生, 并具有很高的原子经济性, 是一种有效的合成手段。 比如, 威尔金森催化剂已经被广泛用于多种烯烃的硼氢化反应, 但常常伴随多种副反应, 比如烯烃脱氢硼化反应, 氢化反应等。 另一个不足之处是在芳基乙烯硼氢化过程中, 特别 是用频那醇硼烷作为硼试剂时, 区域选择性较差。 其次, 威尔金森催化剂的纯度对反应活 性有很大影响, 操作需要特别仔细。 再者, 在许多反应里, 为了获得好的转化率, 需要加 入较多的 R 和 Ir这类昂贵的催化剂。
由于贵金属储量少, 价格昂贵, 以及出于环境方面的考虑, 近些年来, 科学家们试图 用地球上储量丰富、价格低廉的基本金属替代贵金属用于有机催化反应。在过去的十年里, 金属的络合物已经在均相催化领域受到广泛关注。 最近, Ritter等人报道了亚胺吡啶配体 的铁的络合物对 1, 3-二烯的硼氢化反应具有较好的活性 (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 12915)。但含给电子的三齿型 P N配体的金属络合物及其作为催化剂在更为常见的单烯烃 的硼氢化反应中的应用到目前为止尚未见任何报道。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种 P N配体-金属络合物催化剂及其制备方法和应用,为催化剂 领域增添一种价格低廉、 环境友好、 100%的原子有效性、温和的反应条件、 简单的分离方 法、 良好的官能团兼容性及对单烯烃的硼氢化反应具有优良活性的金属络合物催化剂。
本发明所述的 P N配体 -金属络合物催化剂, 是具有如下通式的化合物:
Figure imgf000004_0001
通式中: R为 〜 。的烷烃基或 C6〜C3。的芳基; R R2、 R3、 R4、 R5、 R6、 R7独立选自氢原 子、 卤素原子、 d-C^的烃基、 d-C^的含氧基团、 d-C^的含硫基团、 d-C^的含氮基团、 d- o的含磷基团、 d- o的含硅基团或其它惰性功能性基团,上述基团彼此间相同或不同, 其中相邻基团彼此成键成环或不成键成环; X为卤原子或 〜 。的烷基; M为钴或铁。
作为一种优选方案, 通式中的 R选自乙基、 异丙基、 叔丁基或苯基; 通式中的 X选自 Cl、 Br、 I、 甲基、 苯基、 叔丁基或三甲基硅甲基。
本发明的上下文中,术语"烷烃基 "或"烷基"表示饱和的线性或支链烷烃基团,例如 -CH3 或 -CHCCH3)2。 术语"烃基"表示线性或支链烃部分, 例如 -CH3或 -CHCCH3)2。 术语"烷氧基" 表示 -0-(C 1-6烷基)基团。术语"含氧基团"、 "含硫基团"、 "含氮基团"、 "含磷基团"、 "含 硅基团 "分别含有 0、 S、 N、 P和 Si的基团, 如烷氧基、 -S-(Cl-6烷基)、 巯基、 氨基、 胺基、 硅氧基、 三甲基硅基、 三甲基硅基甲基等等。 术语"芳基"表示包含一个或多个芳环的烃基 部分。 芳基部分的例子包括苯基 (Ph)、 萘基、 芘基、 蒽基和菲基。 除非另外说明, 本文所 述的烷烃基、 烃基、 烷基、 烷氧基、 含氧基团、 含硫基团、 含氮基团、 含磷基团、 含硅 基团和芳基同时包括取代的和未取代的部分。 烷烃基、 烃基、 烷基、 烷氧基、 含氧基团、 含硫基团、含氮基团、含磷基团、 含硅基团和芳基上可能的取代基包括,但不限于: C1-C10 烷基、 C1-C6烷氧基、 氨基、 羟基、 三甲基硅基等。
一种制备上述 P N配体-金属络合物催化剂的方法,是将 P N配体与 MX2或 Py2MX2 进行配位反应, 反应通式如下所示:
Figure imgf000004_0002
本文中, Py2MX2中的 Py为吡啶基。
作为一种优选方案, 所述配位反应包括如下操作: a)配制 MX2或 Py2MX2的有机溶液及 PNN配体的有机溶液;
b) 控制在 20〜30°C下, 将 P N配体的有机溶液逐滴加入 MX2或 Py2MX2的有机溶液中; c) 滴毕, 在室温下搅拌反应;
d) 反应结束, 进行纯化后处理。
在另一优选例中, 所述配位反应包括以下步骤:
i) 提供一含有 MX2或 Py2MX2、 以及 PNN配体的有机溶液反应体系;
ii)在所述反应体系中, MX2或 Py2MX2与 P N配体发生配位反应得到所述催化剂。 在本发明的上下文中, 室温是指 0-50°C, 优选为 4-30°C。
作为进一步优选方案, 所述的有机溶液选自: 四氢呋喃溶液、 乙醚溶液、 叔丁基醚溶 液、 正己烷溶液、 正戊烷溶液或甲苯溶液。
作为进一步优选方案, 所述的有机溶液为无水的有机溶液。
作为进一步优选方案, MX2或 Py2MX2的有机溶液的摩尔浓度为 0.01摩尔 /升〜 0.1摩尔 / 升; P N配体的有机溶液的摩尔浓度为 0.1摩尔 /升〜 1.0摩尔 /升; P N配体与 MX2或 Py2MX2 的摩尔比为 1 :1〜2:1。
一种所述 P N配体-金属络合物催化剂的应用, 是用作单烯烃的硼氢化反应的催化剂。 作为一种优选方案, 所述的单烯烃的硼氢化反应是指只发生 (位双键的硼氢化反应。 作为进一步优选方案, 所述的硼氢化反应是指具有 (位双键的烯烃在以所述的 P N配 体 -金属络合物作为催化剂、 以频那醇硼烷 (HBPin)作为硼试剂、 在 NaBHEt3存在下, 发生 α位双键的硼氢化反应。
作为更进一步优选方案, 所述的硼氢化反应包括如下操作:
① 使 Ρ Ν配体-金属络合物、 具有 α位双键的烯烃、 频那醇硼烷 (HBPin)和 NaHBEt3在 室温下搅拌反应 10〜30分钟;
② 将反应体系暴露在空气中淬灭, 然后进行纯化后处理。
在另一优选例中, 所述步骤①在惰性气体保护下进行。
当 P N配体-金属络合物为 P N配体-钴络合物时, 上述硼氢化反应的条件优选为: 具有 ( 位双键的烯烃与频那醇硼烷的摩尔比为 1 :1,所述的 P N配体-钴络合物与频那 醇硼烷的摩尔比为 0.00005:1〜0.01 :1, NaHBEt3与所述的 PNN配体-钴络合物的摩尔比为 2:1; 所述的硼氢化反应在无溶剂下进行或者在四氢呋喃、 甲苯、 正己烷或乙醚中进行。
当 P N配体-金属络合物为 P N配体-铁络合物时, 上述硼氢化反应的条件优选为: 具有 ( 位双键的烯烃与频那醇硼烷的摩尔比为 2:1, 所述的 P N配体-铁络合物与频那 醇硼烷的摩尔比为 0.0025: 1〜0.05: 1, NaHBEt3与所述的 PNN配体-铁络合物的摩尔比为 3: 1; 所述的硼氢化反应在四氢呋喃、 甲苯或乙腈中进行。
所述的具有 (位双键的烯烃可以如下通式: r 8 " ^或 表示,通式中的 R8表示 任何的烷基或带各种有机官能团的烷基, 所述官能团包括硅烷、 醚、 縮酮、 胺、 酰胺、 酯、 酮等; 通式中的 Ar表示芳基或带烷基、 烷氧基、 酯基、 卤原子等取代基的芳基。
本发明的一个突出效果,是应用本发明所述的 P N配体-金属络合物催化剂进行单烯烃 硼氢化反应所得硼氢化产物不需要分离, 可以直接和氯代芳烃实现偶联反应。
所述的偶联反应是指氯代芳烃类化合物与上述硼氢化产物, 用 Pd(OAc)^BRUphOS作为 催化剂、 以叔丁醇钾作为碱实现交叉偶联反应; 包括如下操作:
在空气中,将 Pd(OAc)2,KOtBu和 Ruphos配体加入封管中,抽换氩气三次,接着将甲苯、 水、 氯代芳烃和上述硼氢化反应直接得到的硼氢化产物通过注射器加入封管中, 然后在 80°C下搅拌 24h; 将反应液用硅藻土过滤, 并用乙酸乙酯洗涤, 旋干溶剂得粗产物; 将粗 产物进一步柱层析分离, 即得偶联产物。
作为优选方案, 所述的硼氢化产物与氯代芳烃的摩尔比为 1 : 1, Pd(OAc)2与所述的硼氢 化产物摩尔比为 0.02: 1, Ruphos与所述的硼氢化产物摩尔比为 0.04: 1; KC^Bu与所述的硼氢 化产物摩尔比为 3 : 1。
本发明还提供一类新型的化合物, 选自实施例中化合物 3g, 3h, 3i, 3j, 3k, 31, 3m, 3n; 4c, 4e, 4g, 4j , 4k。
与现有技术相比, 本发明还具有如下显著效果:
1、本发明提供的 P N配体-金属络合物的制备方法简单,原料价廉易得,对环境友好, 反应条件温和, 收率较高, 后处理简单, 易于规模化。
2、 本发明提供的 P N配体 -金属络合物对单烯烃的硼氢化反应具有 100%的原子有效 性和良好的官能团兼容性;
3、 本发明提供的 P N配体-金属络合物对单烯烃的硼氢化反应具有优良的催化活性, 不仅选择性好, 产率高, 而且反应条件温和。
4、 P N配体 -钴络合物的催化体系相比铁的体系具有更高的活性。 具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细、 完整地说明。 实施例中所用的 P N配体是 参照文献 J Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 16756中所述方法制备而得。
Figure imgf000006_0001
在手套箱内, 将 CoCl2 (260 mg, 2.0 mmol, 1.0 equiv)禾 B THF (50mL)加入 100 mL schlenk管中, 再慢慢将 u-P N配体 (628mg, 2.0 mmol, l .Oequiv)的 THF溶液 (lOmL) 逐 滴加入上述溶液, 反应液颜色逐渐变黑。 反应在室温下搅拌 24h后, 用油泵浓縮反应液至 10mL,再加入 Et20,待固体析出,过滤并用乙醚洗涤,抽干溶剂得紫色粉末 (826mg,93%)。 然后将上述粉末 (50mg), 溶于 CH2C12 (3mL) , 在溶液上层加入 1 mL CH2C12和正己烷的 混合溶剂 (1 : 1 )作为缓冲层, 混合溶剂上层再加入大量正己烷, 静置数天, 待正己烷慢慢 扩散到络合物的 CH2C12溶液中, 得紫黑色晶体, 用于单晶衍射。
1H NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz) δ 123.37, 86.98, 67.83, 64.98, 43.57, 40.69, 25.36, -2.97, -4.70; Anal. Calcd for C19H27Cl2CoN2P: C, 51.37; H, 6.13; N, 6.31. Found: C, 51.45; H, 6.19; N, 6.32. ( Pr-PNN)CoCl2 (络合物 B):
Figure imgf000007_0001
在手套箱内, 将 CoCl2 (260 mg, 2.0 mmol, 1.0 equiv) 禾卩 THF (50 mL)加入 100 mL Schlenk管中,再慢慢将 'Pr-P N配体 (573 mg, 2.0 mmol, 1.0 equiv)的 THF溶液 (10 mL) 逐 滴加入上述溶液, 反应液颜色逐渐变黑。 反应在室温下搅拌 24h后, 用油泵浓縮反应液至 10 mL,再加入 Et20,待固体析出,过滤并用乙醚洗涤,抽干溶剂得棕色粉末 (622 mg, 75%)。 然后将上述粉末 (50 mg), 溶于 CH2C12 (3 mL) , 在溶液上层加入 1 mL CH2C12和正己烷的 混合溶剂 (1 :1 )作为缓冲层, 混合溶剂上层再加入大量正己烷, 静置数天, 待正己烷慢慢 扩散到络合物的 CH2C12溶液中, 得黑色晶体, 用于单晶衍射。
1H NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz) 5120.09, 89.45, 73.37, 62.84, 54.67, 53.99, 34.30, 18.31, -6.15 -13.74, -14.16. Anal. Calcd for C17H23Cl2CoN2P+H20: C, 47.02; H, 5.80; N, 6.45. Found: C, 46.96; H, 5.59; N, 6.41.
( Pr-PNN)CoCH2SiCH3 (络合物 E):
Figure imgf000007_0002
在手套箱内, 将 Py2Co(CH2SiCH3)2 (392 mg, 1.0 mmol, 1.0 equiv) 禾 B 正戊烷 (10 mL) 加入 25 mL Schlenk管中, 再慢慢将 iPr-P N配体 (286 mg, 1.0 mmol, 1.0 equiv)的正戊烷溶 液 (5 mL) 逐滴加入上述溶液。 反应在室温下搅拌 1小时, 用硅藻土过滤得黑色溶液, 油 泵抽干溶剂, 加入 5ml正戊烷, 置于 -35 °C下重结晶的黑色固体粉末 (263mg, 51%) 。 1H NMR (400 MHz, C6D6) δ = 14.19 (s, 1Η), 10.75 (s, 1H), 9.77 (s, 1H), 8.87 (t, J = 6.8 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 1H), 5.60 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.54 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 2H), 3.11 - 2.82 (m, 2H), 1.25 (dd, J = 12.7 Hz, 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.14 (dd, J = 12.7 Hz, 6.9 Hz, 6H), - 4.57 (s, 2H), -11.87 (s, 9H). 实施例 2:实施例 1所述络合物 B对不同单烯烃的硼氢化反应的催化活性实验
Ri^^Bpin
1a-n υπ . 络合物 Β 3a-n
+ ΗΒριη .
Ar^ 1 equiv NaBEt3H Ar^^ Ρ'Π
2a-m 4a-m
以烯烃 la的硼氢化过程为例: 首先在手套箱内, 将络合物 B (2.1 mg), THF (20 mL)和 NaBEt3H (lM) (10 uL) 加入 50 ml锥形瓶中得到紫色的催化剂溶液;接着将烯烃 la (63 mg, 0.5 mmol, 1 equiv) 禾卩 HBpin (75 uL, 0.5 mmol, 1 equiv) 加入 8 mL 的反应小瓶中, 再取配 置好的催化剂溶液 l mL加入上述反应小瓶中; 反应在室温下搅拌 15 min后, 暴露于空气 中淬灭; 然后旋蒸除去溶剂, 快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 5 cm, 石油醚和乙酸乙酯的混合物作 洗脱剂) 得无色液体 3a。 3b〜3n、 4b〜4m的制备方法同 3a的制备方法。
4,4,5,5-0甲基 -2-壬基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸 (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-nonyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (3a):
Figure imgf000008_0001
无色液体 (121.0 mg, 95%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 1.35-1.43 (m, 2H, CH3CH2), 1.34-1.16 (m, 12Η, CH2), 1.24 (s, 12Η, OC(CH3)2), 0.87 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 3H, CH3CH2), 0.79-0.73 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H, BCH2). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 82.9 (OC(CH3)2), 32.5 (CH2), 32.0 (CH2), 29.7 (CH2), 29.5 (CH2), 29.5 (CH2), 24.9 (C(CH3)2), 24.1 (CH2), 22.8 (CH2), 14.2 (CH3). 4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2- (4-甲基戊基) -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-methylpentyl)-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (3b):
Figure imgf000008_0002
无色液体 (101.0 mg, 95%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 1.49 (m, 1H, CH(CH3)2), 1.41-1.31 (m, 2H, CH2CH(CH3)2), 1.20 (s, 12H, OC(CH3)2), 1.16-1.09 (m, 2Η, BCH2CH2), 0.82 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 6H, CH(CH3)2), 0.70 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H, BCH2). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 82.7 (OC(CH3)2), 41.8 (CH2CH(CH3)2), 27.7 (CH(CH3)2), 24.7 (C(CH3)2), 22.5 (CH2CH(CH3)2), 21.7 (BCH2 H2).
三甲基(3- (4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸 -2-基) 丙基)硅烷
( -tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)propyl)silane) (3c):
Figure imgf000008_0003
无色液体 (105.0 mg, 87%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 1.43-1.34 (m, 2H, CH2CH2B), 1.19 (s, 12H, OC(CH3)2), 0.78 (t, J= 7.6 Hz, 2H, BCH2), 0.51-0.44 (m, 2Η, SiCH2), -0.09 (s, 9Η, Si(CH3)3). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 82.8 (OC(CH3)2), 24.9 (C(CH3)2), 20.2 (CH2), 18.7 (CH2), -1.5 (Si(CH3)3).
4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2- (3-苯基丙基) -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(3-phenylpropyl)-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (3d):
Figure imgf000008_0004
无色液体 (106.0 mg, 86%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.28-7.21 (m, 2H, aryl-H), 7.19-7.11 (m, 3Η, aryl-H), 2.60 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 1.69-1.77 (m, 2Η, CH2CH2B), 1.22 (s, 12H, OC(CH3)2), 0.82 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, CH2B). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 142.7 (aryl-C), 128.6 (aryl-C), 128.2 (aryl-Q, 125.6 (aryl-Q, 83.0 (OC(CH3)2), 38.6 (PhCH2), 26.2 (CH2CH2B), 24.9 (C(CH3)2).
2- (2-环己基乙基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷
(2-(2-cyclohexylethyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (3e):
Figure imgf000008_0005
无色液体(115.0 mg, 97%). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 1.61-1.71 (m, 4H, cyclohexyl-H), 1.30-1.03 (m, 7Η, cyclohexyl-H), 1.21 (s, 12Η, OC(CH3)2), 0.77-0.85 (m, 2Η, CH2CH2B), 0.72 (t, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H, CH2B). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 82.9 (OC(CH3)2), 40.1 (CH), 33.1 (CH2), 31.5 (CH2), 26.9 (CH2), 26.5 (CH2), 24.9 (C(CH3)2).
2- (2- (环己 -3-烯 -1-基) 乙基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(2-(2-(cyclohex-3-en-l-yl)ethyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (3f):
Figure imgf000009_0001
无色液体 (113.0 mg, 96%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 5.56-5.63 (m, 2H, CH=CH), 2.12-1.93 (m, 3Η), 1.77-1.65 (m, 1Η), 1.62-1.51 (m, 1Η), 1.46-1.29 (m, 3Η), 1.21 (s, 12Η, OC(CH3)2), 1.20-1.08 (m, 1Η), 0.75 (t, J= 8.2 Hz, 2H, CH2B). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 126.9 (CH=CH), 126.6 (CH=CH), 82.8 (OC(CH3)2), 35.7, 31.5, 30.6, 28.5, 25.3, 24.7 (C( H3)2).
2- ( 6-氯己基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
etramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (3 ):
Figure imgf000009_0002
无色液体 (118.0 mg, 96%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 3.48 (t, J = 6.8 Hz, 2H, C1CH2), 1.78-1.68 (m, 2Η, CH2), 1.35-1.43 (m, 4Η, CH2), 1.32-1.25 (m, 2Η, CH2), 1.21 (s, 12Η, OC(CH3)2), 0.74 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H, CH2B). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 83.0 (OC(CH3)2), 45.2 (C1CH2), 32.6 (CH2), 31.6 (CH2), 26.7 (CH2), 24.9 (C(CH3)2), 23.9 (CH2). HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C12H24B02Cl+], 245.1594; found: 245.1598.
N,N-二乙基 -3- (4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸-2-基) 丙基 -1-胺
-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)propan-l-amine) (3h):
Figure imgf000009_0003
无色液体 (105.0 mg, 87%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 2.45 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 4H, NCH2CH3), 2.37-2.29 (m, 2H, NCH2CH2), 1.54-1.42 (m, 2H, NCH2CH2), 1.17 (s, 12Η, OC(CH3)2), 0.94 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 6H, NCH2CH3), 0.65 (t, J = 7.7Hz, 2H, CH2B). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCI3) δ 83.0 (OC(CH3)2), 54.7 (NCH2CH2), 46.7 (NCH2CH3), 24.8 (C(CH3)2), 20.6 (NCH2 H2), 11.4 (NCH2 H3). HRMS-ESI (m/z): Calcd for [(C13H29BN02+H)+], 241.2322; found: 241.2325.
N,N-二甲基 -5- (4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸 -2-基) 戊酰胺
(N,N-dimethyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pentanamide) (3i):
Figure imgf000009_0004
无色液体 (105.0 mg, 87%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 2.95 (s, 3H, NCH3), 2.89 (s, 3Η, NCH3), 2.27 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 2H, COCH2), 1.56-1.64 (m, 2Η, COCH2CH2), 1.38-1.46 (m, 2Η, BCH2CH2), 1.20 (s, 12Η, OC(CH3)2), 0.77 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H, CH2B). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCI3) δ 173.2 (CO), 82.9 (OC(CH3)2), 37.2 (NCH3), 35.3 (NCH3), 33.3 (COCH2), 27.7 (COCH2CH2), 24.8 (C(CH3)2), 23.9 (BCH2CH2). HRMS-ESI (m/z): Calcd for [(C13H27BN03+H)+], 255.2115; found: 255.2111.
叔丁基二苯基( (6- (4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸 -2-基) 己基)氧)硅垸
(tert-butyldiphenyl((6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)hexyl)oxy)silane) (3j):
Figure imgf000010_0001
无色液体 (224.0 mg, 96%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.77-7.71 (m, 4H, aryl-H), 7.49-7.38 (m, 6Η, aryl-H), 3.72 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 2H, OCH2), 1.66-1.59 (m, 2Η, OCH2CH2), 1.52-1.32 (m, 6Η, CH2), 1.29 (s, 12Η, OC(CH3)2), 1.11 (s, 9Η, SiC(CH3)3), 0.83 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 2H, CH2B). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 135.6 (aryl-Q, 134.2 (aryl-Q, 129.5 (aryl-Q, 127.7 (aryl-C), 82.9 (OC(CH3)2), 64.1 (OCH2), 32.7, 32.3, 27.0 (C(CH3)3), 25.7, 24.9 (C(CH3)2), 24.1, 19.3. HRMS-ESI (m/z): Calcd for [(C28H47BN03Si+NH4)+], 484.3418; found: 484.3416.
2- (3-乙氧基丙基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷
(2-(3-ethoxypropyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (3k):
Figure imgf000010_0002
无色液体(77.0 mg, 72%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 3.44 (q, J= 7.0 Hz, 2H, OCH2CH3) 3.35 (t, J = 6.8 Hz, 2H, OCH2CH2), 1.73-1.60 (m, 2H, OCH2CH2), 1.21 (s, 12Η, OC(CH3)2), 1.16 (t, J= 7.0 Hz, 3Η, OCH2CH3), 0.77 (t, J= 7.8 Hz, 2H, CH2B). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 83.0 (OC(CH3)2), 72.5 (OCH2CH2), 66.0 (OCH2CH3), 24.9 (C(CH3)2), 24.3 (OCH2CH2), 15.4 (OCH2CH3). HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [(CuH23B03-CH3)+], 198.1542; found: 198.1538.
2- (3- (4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼浣 -2-基) 丙基)环己酮
(2-(3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)propyl)cyclohexanone) (31):
Figure imgf000010_0003
无色液体 (122.0 mg, 92%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 2.34-2.26 (m, 1Η), 2.15-2.24 (m, 2H), 2.08-1.99 (m, 1H), 1.98-1.89 (m, 1H), 1.80-1.68 (m, 2H), 1.64-1.53 (m, 2H), 1.38-1.25 (m, 3H), 1.18-1.10 (m, 1H), 1.16 (s, 12H, OC(CH3)2), 0.69 (m, 2Η, CH2B). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCI3) δ 213.41 (CO), 82.79 (OC(CH3)2), 50.47 (COCH), 41.83 (COCH2), 33.7, 32.0, 28.0, 24.7 (C(CH3)2), 24.7, 21.5. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C15H27B03+], 265.2090; found: 265.2094.
7- (4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸 -2-基)庚 -3-酮
(7-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)heptan-3-one) (3m):
Figure imgf000011_0001
无色液体 (91.0 mg, 76%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 2.35-2.26 (m, 4H, CH2COCH2), 1.43-1.52 (m, 2Η, COCH2CH2), 1.34-1.26 (m, 2Η, CH2CH2B), 1.13 (s, 12H, OC(CH3)2), 0.93 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 3H, CH3CH2), 0.67 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H, CH2B). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 211.6 (CO), 82.8 (OC(CH3)2), 42.2 (COCH2CH2), 35.6 (COCH2CH3), 26.4 (COCH2CH2), 24.7 (C(CH3)2), 23.6 (CH2CH2B), 7.7 (CH3CH2). HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C13H25B03+], 239.1933; found: 239.1934.
4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2- ( 5-甲基己 -5-烯 -1-基) -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(5-methylhex-5-en-l-yl)-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (3n):
Figure imgf000011_0002
无色液体 (105.0 mg, 94%); Ή NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 4.68-4.61 (m, 2Η, C=CH2), 1.98 (t, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H, =CCH2), 1.68 (s, 3Η, =CCH3), 1.35-1.45 (m, 4Η, CH2), 1.22 (s, 12Η, OC(CH3)2): 0.77 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H, BCH2). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 146.3 (C=CH2), 109.6 (C=CH2), 83.0 (OC(CH3)2), 37.8 (=CCH2), 30.5, 24.9 (C(CH3)2), 23.8, 22.5. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C13H25B02+], 223.1984; found: 223.1987.
4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2-苯乙基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-phenethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (4a):
Figure imgf000011_0003
无色液体 (106.0 mg, 91%); Ή NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.34-7.24 (m, 4Η, aryl-H), 7.23-7.16 (m, 1Η, aryl-H), 2.80 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 1.26 (s, 12Η, C(CH3)2), 1.20 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, BCH2).13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 144.5 (aryl-Q, 128.3 (aryl-Q, 128.1 (aryl-Q: 125.6 (aryl-Q, 83.2 (OC(CH3)2), 30.1 (PhCH2), 24.9 (C(CH3)2).
4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2- (4-甲基苯乙基) -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(4-methylphenethyl)-l,3,2-dioxaborolane ) (4b):
Figure imgf000011_0004
无色液体(114.0 mg, 93%); Ή NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.13 (m, 4Η, aryl-H), 2.76 (t, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 2.34 (s, 3Η, PhCH3), 1.27 (s, 12Η, C(CH3)2), 1.17 (t, J= 8.2 Hz, 2H, BCH2). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 141.4 (aryl-Q, 134.9 (aryl-Q, 128.9 (aryl-Q, 127.9 (aryl-Q, 83.1 (OC(CH3)2), 29.6 (PhCH2), 24.9 (C(CH3)2), 21.05 (PhCH3).
4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2- (3-甲基苯乙基) -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸 (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(3-methylphenethyl)-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (4c):
Figure imgf000012_0001
无色液体(119.0 mg, 97%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.19 (t, J = 7.5Hz, 1H, aryl-H), 7.13-6.98 (m, 3Η, aryl-H), 2.76 (t, J = 8.1Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 2.36 (s, 3Η, PhCH3), 1.26 (s, 12Η, C(CH3)2), 1.18 (t, J = 8.1Hz, 2H, BCH2). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 144.3 (aryl-Q, 137.6 (aryl-C), 128.8 (aryl-Q, 128.1 (aryl-Q, 126.2 (aryl-C), 125.0 (aryl-Q, 83.0 (OC(CH3)2), 29.9 (PhCH2), 24.8 (C(CH3)2), 21.4 (PhCH3). HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C15H23B02+], 245.1827, found: 245.1830.
2- (4-甲氧基苯乙基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(2-(4-methoxyphenethyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (4d):
Figure imgf000012_0002
无色液体(126.0 mg, 96%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.14 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H, aryl-H) 6.81 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H, aryl-H), 3.77 (s, 3Η, OCH3), 2.70 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 1.22 (s: 12Η, C(CH3)2), 1.12 (t, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H, BCH2). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 157.6 (aryl-Q 136.6 (aryl-Q, 128.9 (aryl-Q, 113.6 (aryl-Q, 83.1 (OC(CH3)2), 55.3 (OCH3), 29.1 (PhCH2): 24.9 (C(CH3)2).
2- (4-叔丁氧基苯乙基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(2-(4-(tert-butoxy)phenethyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (4e):
Figure imgf000012_0003
无色液体(142.0 mg, 93%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.09
(d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H, aryl-H), 6.87 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H, aryl-H), 2.71 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 1.31 (s, 9Η, PhOC(CH3)3), 1.19 (s, 12Η, C(CH3)2), 1.13 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, BCH2). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCls) δ 153.1 (aryl-Q, 139.4 (aryl-Q, 128.4 (aryl-Q, 124.2 (aryl-Q, 83.2 (OC(CH3)2), 78.1 (PhOC(CH3)2), 29.4 (PhCH2), 28.9 (PhOC(CH3)3), 24.9 (C(CH3)2). HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C18H29B03+], 303.2246; found: 303.2249.
2- (4-氟苯基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(2-(4-fluorophenethyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (4f):
Figure imgf000012_0004
无色液体(121.0 mg, 97%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.19-7.12 (m, 2H, aryl-H), 6.96-6.89 (m, 2H, aryl-H), 2.71 (t, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 1.20 (s, 12Η, C(CH3)2), 1.11 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, BCH2).13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 161.2 (d, J = 242.7 Hz, aryl-Q, 140.0 (d, J = 3.2 Hz, aryl-Q, 129.4 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, aryl-Q, 114.9 (d, J = 21.0 Hz, aryl-Q, 83.2 (OC(CH3)2), 29.3 (PhCH2), 24.9 (C(CH3)2). 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDC13) δ -118.4.
2- (3-氟苯乙基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷
(2-(3-fluorophenethyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (4g):
Figure imgf000013_0001
无色液体 (111.0 mg, 89%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.15-7.22 (m, 1H, aryl-H), 6.97 (d, J= 7.6Hz, 1H, aryl-H), 6.90-6.94 (m, 1Η, aryl-H), 6.80-6.86 (m, 1Η, aryl-H), 2.74 (t, J= 8.1 Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 1.21 (s, 13Η, C(CH3)2), 1.13 (t, J= 8.2 Hz, 2H, BCH2).13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 162.8 (d, J = 244.7 Hz, aryl-C), 147.0 (d, J = 7.1 Hz, aryl-C), 129.5 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, aryl-C), 123.6 (d,J = 2.7 Hz, aryl-Q, 114.8 (d,J = 20.8 Hz, aryl-Q, 112.3 (d,J = 21.0 Hz, aryl-Q, 83.1 (OC(CH3)2), 29.7 (d, J=1.6 Hz, PhCH2), 24.7 (C(CH3)2). 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDC13) δ -114.2. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C14H20BO2F+],249. 1577; found: 249.1576.
2- (4-氯苯乙基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷
(2-(4-chlorophenethyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (4h):
Figure imgf000013_0002
无色液体(120.0 mg, 90%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.21 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H, aryl-H), 7.13 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H, aryl-H), 2.71 (t,J= 8.2 Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 1.21 (s, 12Η, C(CH3)2), 1.11 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, BCH2). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 142.9 (aryl-Q, 131.3 (aryl-Q, 129.5 (aryl-C), 128.3 (aryl-C), 83.3 (OC(CH3)2), 29.4 (PhCH2), 24.9 (C(CH3)2).
2- (4-溴苯乙基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(2-(4-bromophenethyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (4i):
Figure imgf000013_0003
无色液体 (143.0 mg, 92%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.35 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H, aryl-H), 7.07 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H, aryl-H), 2.69 (t, J= 8.2 Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 1.20 (s, 12Η, C(CH3)2), 1.10 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, BCH2). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 143.3 (aryl-Q, 131.1 (aryl-Q, 129.8 (aryl-C), 119.1 (aryl-C), 83.1 (OC(CH3)2), 29.4 (PhCH2), 24.8 (C(CH3)2).
4- (2- (4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烧 -2-基) 乙基)苯酚乙酸酯
(4-(2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)ethyl)phenyl acetate) (4j):
Figure imgf000014_0001
无色液体 (1 16.0 mg, 80%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.20 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H, aryl-H), 6.95 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H, aryl-H), 2.73 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 2.25 (s, 3Η, CH3CO),1.20 (s, 12Η, C(CH3)2), 1.12 (t, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H, BCH2). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 169.7 (CO), 148.5 (aryl-Q, 141.9 (aryl-Q, 128.9 (aryl-Q, 121.2 (aryl-Q, 83.1 (OC(CH3)2), 29.4 (PhCH2), 24.8 (C(CH3)2), 21.1 (COCH3)). HRMS-ESI (m/z): Calcd for [(C16H23B04+NH4)+], 307.2064; found: 307.2067.
2- ( 2,5-二甲基苯乙基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(2-(2,5-dimethylphenethyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (4k):
Figure imgf000014_0002
无色液体 (130.0 mg, 93%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.08-7.01 (m, 2H, aryl-H), 6.93 (d: J = 7.6 Hz, 1H, aryl-H), 2.74 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 2.33 (s, 3Η, PhCH3), 2.32 (s, 3Η, PhCH3), 1.28 (s, 12Η, C(CH3)2), 1.14 (t, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H, BCH2). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 142.4 (aryl-Q, 135.1 (aryl-Q, 132.6 (aryl-Q, 130.0 (aryl-Q, 129.1 (aryl-Q, 126.3 (aryl-Q, 83.1 (OC(CH3)2), 27.3 (PhCH2), 24.9 (C(CH3)2), 21.1 (PhCH3), 18.9 (PhCH3). HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C16H25B02+], 259.1984; found: 259.1986.
4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2- ( 2- (萘 -2-基) 乙基) ) -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
-(naphthalen-2-yl)ethyl)-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (41):
Figure imgf000014_0003
无色液体 (131.0 mg, 93%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.83-7.74 (m, 3H, aryl-H), 7.67 (s: 1Η, aryl-H), 7.48-7.38 (m, 3Η, aryl-H), 2.95 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 1.28 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2R BCH2), 1.24 (s, 12Η, C(CH3)2). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 142.1 (aryl-Q, 133.7 (aryl-Q 132.0 (aryl-Q, 127.8 (aryl-Q, 127.7 (aryl-Q, 127.5 (aryl-Q, 127.4 (aryl-Q, 125.8 (aryl-Q 125.8 (aryl-Q, 125.0 (aryl-C), 83.3 (OC(CH3)2), 30.3 (PhCH2), 24.9 (C(CH3)2).
9- ( 2- ( 4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼浣-2-基) 乙基) -9H-咔唑
(9-(2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)ethyl)-9H-carbazole) (4m):
Figure imgf000015_0001
白色固体 (147.0 mg 92%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 8.12-8.16 (m 2H, aryl-H),
7.47-7.55 (m, 4Η, aryl-H), 7.30-7.23 (m, 2Η, aryl-H), 4.50 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, NCH2), 1.48 (t J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, BCH2), 1.24 (s 12H, C(CH3)2). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 140.0 (aryl-Q, 125.: (aryl-C), 123.0 (aryl-C), 120.3 (aryl-Q, 118.7 (aryl-C), 109.1 (aryl-C), 83.6 (OC(CH3)2), 38.8 (NCH2), 24.9 (C(CH3)2). 实施例 3:在无溶剂条件下进行的烯烃硼氢化反应
Figure imgf000015_0002
在手套箱内 将烯烃 2a (5.2 g 50 mmol) 禾 B HBpin (6.4 g 50 mmol, 1 equiv), 络合物 B (1.0 mg)和 NaBEt3H (lM) (5 uL)加入 8 mL 的反应小瓶中。 反应在室温下搅拌 l h后, 暴露于 空气中淬灭。 快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 石油醚和乙酸乙酯的混合物作洗脱剂) 得无色 液体 4a (m = 11.5g, 产率 99%)
4 4 5 5-四甲基 -2-苯乙基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-phenethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (4a):
Figure imgf000015_0003
无色液体 (106.0 mg, 91%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.34-7.24 (m 4H aryl-H), 7.23-7.16 (m 1Η, aryl-H), 2.80 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 1.26 (s, 12Η, C(CH3)2), 1.20 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, BCH2).13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 144.5 (aryl-Q, 128.3 (aryl-Q, 128.1 (aryl-Q: 125.6 (aryl-Q, 83.2 (OC(CH3)2), 30.1 (PhCH2), 24.9 (C(CH3)2). 实施例 4: 以实施例 2所得: 酸酯与氯代芳烃化合物的偶联实验
1.0 equiv ArCI
1 .0 equiv HBpin 2 mo| % Pd(OAc)2
0.05 mol % B 4 mol % RuPhos
0.1 mol % NaBHEt3^ 3 equiv KOfBu
63t toluene/H20 (10: 1 )
1 or 2 25 °C, 15 min 8 o0n °°C, 24 h μ,
在空气中, 将 Pd(OAc)2 (2.2 mg, 0.01 mmol), KOlBu (168.0 mg, 1.5 mmol)和 Ruphos配体
(9.3mg, 0.02 mmol)加入 10 mL封管中,抽换氩气三次,接着将甲苯 (1.5 mL), 水 (0.15 mL), 氯苯 (56.0 mg, 0.50 mmol), 和反应直接得到的硼酸酯 4f (125.1 mg, 0.50 mmol, 1.0 equiv) 通过注射器加入封管中, 反应在 80 °C 下搅拌 24 ho 然后将反应液用硅藻土过滤, 并用 乙酸乙酯 (5x5 mL)洗涤, 旋干溶剂得粗产物。 将粗产物进一步柱层析分离得白色固体 5a (85.8 mg, 86%). 5b〜5f的制备方法同 5a的制备方法。
-fluoro-4-phenethylbenzene) (5a):
Figure imgf000016_0001
Ή NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.28 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, aryl-H), 7.23-7.13 (m, 3Η, aryl-H), 7.13-7.06 (m, 2Η, aryl-H), 7.00-6.91 (m, 2Η, aryl-H), 2.89 (s, 4Η, Ph-CH2CH2). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCI3) δ = 161.4 (d, J = 243.4 Hz, aryl-Q, 141.5 (aryl-Q, 137.4 (d, J = 3.2 Hz, aryl-Q, 129.9 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, aryl-C), 128.6 (aryl-C), 128.5 (aryl-Q, 126.1 (aryl-Q, 115.1 (d, J = 21.0 Hz, aryl-Q, 38.1 (PhCH2CH2), 37.2 (PhCH2). 19F NMR (376 MHz, CDC13) δ -117.3 ppm.
1-硝基 -3-苯乙基苯 (l-nitro-3-phenethylbenzene) (5b):
Figure imgf000016_0002
棕色油状物 (104.3 mg, 92%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 8.00-8.03 (m, 2H, aryl-H) 7.44-7.36 (m, 2Η, aryl-H), 7.24-7.29 (m, 2Η, aryl-H), 7.17-7.21 (m, 1Η, aryl-H), 7.16-7.12 (m 2Η, aryl-H), 3.04-2.97 (m, 2Η), 2.96-2.80 (m, 2Η). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 148.2, 143.6, 140.6 (aryl-Q, 134.9 (aryl-Q, 129.2 (aryl-Q, 128.5 (aryl-Q, 128.5 (aryl-Q, 126.3 (aryl-Q 123.3 (aryl-Q, 121.2 (aryl-Q, 37.4 (ArCH2).
吡啶 (2-(3-methylphenethyl)pyridine) (5c):
Figure imgf000016_0003
淡黄色油状物 (72.2 mg, 72%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 8.44-8.47 (m, 2H, aryl-H), 7.44 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H, aryl-H), 7.18 (t, J = 6.7 Hz, 2H, aryl-H), 7.06-6.93 (m, 3Η, aryl-H), 2.94-2.86 (m, 4Η, CH2CH2), 2.33 (s, 3Η, PhCH3). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 150.0 (aryl-Q, 147.5 (aryl-Q, 140.8 (aryl-Q, 138.0 (aryl-Q, 136.9 (aryl-Q, 135.9 (aryl-Q, 129.3 (aryl-Q, 128.3 (aryl-Q, 126.9 (aryl-Q, 125.4 (aryl-Q, 123.2 (aryl-Q, 37.4, 35.0, 21.4 (PhCH3). HRMS-ESI (m/z): Calcd for [(C14H15N+H)+], 198.1277; found: 198.1281.
-1-基) 苯 (l-methoxy-4-(5-methylhex-5-en-l-yl)benzene) (5d):
Figure imgf000016_0004
无色油状物 (94.9 mg, 93%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.13 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H, aryl-H), 6.86 (d, J= 8.6 Hz, 2H, aryl-H), 4.76-4.69 (m, 2Η, C=CH2), 3.81 (s, 3Η, OCH3), 2.65-2.57 (m, 2Η, PhCH2), 2.08 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H, CH2=CCH2), 1.74 (s, 3Η, C¾=CCH3), 1.58-1.67 (m, 2Η), 1.56-1.46 (m, 2Η). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDC13) δ 157.6 (aryl-Q, 146.0 (CH2=C), 134.8 (aryl-C), 129.3 (aryl-C), 113.7 (aryl-C), 109.8 (C=CH2), 55.2 (OCH3), 37.7 (CH2=CCH2), 34.9 (PhCH2), 31.4 (PhCH2CH2), 27.2 (CH2=CCH2CH2), 22.4 (CH2=CCH3). HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C14H20O+], 204.1514; found: 204.1513.
-基)乙基) -3-硝基苯 (l-(2-(cyclohex-3-en-l-yl)ethyl)-3-nitrobenzene) (5e):
Figure imgf000017_0001
棕色油状物 (79.2 mg, 69%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 8.01-8.06 (m, 2Η, aryl-H), 7.51 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H, aryl-H), 7.43 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H, aryl-H), 5.62-5.70 (m, 2Η, CH=CH), 2.76 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 2.02-2.20 (m, 3H), 1.83-1.55 (m, 5H), 1.25-1.31 (m, 1H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCls) δ 144.9, 134.7, 129.1 , 127.1 , 126.2, 123.1 , 120.9, 38.1 , 33.1 , 33.0, 31.7, 28.7, 25.1. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C14H17N02+], 231.1259; found: 231.1260.
1-基) 乙基)苯((2-(cyclohex-3-en-l-yl)ethyl)benzene) (5i):
Figure imgf000017_0002
无色油状物 (73.1 mg, 78%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ = 7.36-7.29 (m, 2Η, aryl-H), 7.27-7.19 (m, 3Η, aryl-H), 5.76-5.68 (m, 2Η, CH=CH), 2.71 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H, PhCH2), 2.26-2.18 (m, 1H), 2.15-2.07 (m, 2H), 1.88-1.60 (m, 5H), 1.38-1.29 (m, 1H). 13C NMR (101 MHz,CDCl3) δ 143.0, 128.4, 128.3, 127.1 , 126.5, 125.6, 38.6, 33.3, 33.2, 31.9, 28.9, 25.3.
综上实验结果可见: 采用本发明所述的 Ρ Ν配体-钴络合物作为催化剂, 频那醇作为 硼试剂, 可使具有 ( 位双键的芳基烯烃只发生端位双键的选择性硼氢化, 而且催化活性和 选择性均非常显著, 反应得到的硼氢化产物不需要分离, 可以直接和氯代芳烃实现偶联。 实施例 5:制备 ΡΝΝ配体-铁络合物
在手套箱内,将 FeCl2 (0.381g, 3mmol, lequiv) 禾 B THF (50mL)加入 lOOmL Schlenk管中, 待 FeCl2完全溶解后, 将 P N配体 ( 1.037mg, 3.3mmol, l . lequiv) 的 THF溶液 (lOmL) 逐 滴加入上述溶液, 颜色逐渐变成黑色; 在室温下搅拌反应 24 h后, 用油泵抽干溶剂; 将 所得的固体溶于 CH2C12 (10mL)中, 再加入乙醚 (30mL), 红色固体析出, 过滤并用乙醚洗 涤, 得砖红色粉末 (0.953g, 72%); 将上述砖红色粉末 (30mg), 溶于由 CH2C12 (2mL) 和正 己烷 (2mL)组成的混合溶剂中, 然后将溶液置于手套箱内, 慢慢挥发数天后, 有红色晶体 长出
Figure imgf000017_0003
Ή NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ 133.94, 80.71 , 77.20, 53.29, 52.82, 24.48, 14.27, 13.09, 9.23, -14.98. Anal. Calcd for C19H27Cl2FeN2P: C, 51.73; H, 6.17; N, 6.35. Found: C, 51.56; H, 6.18; N: 6.20。
采用与上述基本相同的方法制备 Tr-PNNFeCl2 (络合物 D)。 ''Pr-PNNFeCl2 (络合物 D):
Figure imgf000018_0001
O NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ 135.42, 116.65, 80.56, 80.17, 54.01, 51.66, 30.87, 8.88, 8.74, 8.56, -18.29. 实施例 6:以实施例 5所得络合物 C对不同单烯烃的硼氢化反应的催化活性实验
Figure imgf000018_0002
6a-p HBPin
4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2- (4-甲基戊基) -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-methylpentyl)-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (7a):
Figure imgf000018_0003
在手套箱内, 将络合物 C(0.55mg, 0.00125mmol, 0.0025equiv)、 THF (2mL) 6a (84mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 和 HBpin (75 L, 0.5mmol, lequiv) 加入 25mL Schlenk 管中, 搅拌均匀后, 力口入 NaHBEt3 (IM) (3.8 L, 0.00375mmol, 0.0075equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 lOmin后, 将体 系暴露在空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 纯石油醚作为洗脱剂) 得无色液体 7a (98.6mg, 93%)。
1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 1.47-1.57 (m, 1H), 1.39 (m, 2H), 1.24 (s, 12H), 1.16 (m, 2H), 0.85 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), 0.74 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H);
C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 83.0, 42.1, 27.9, 24.9, 22,8, 21.9;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 34.0. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C12H25B02+], 211.1984; found: 211.1979
4,4,5,5-0甲基 -2-壬基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-nonyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (7b):
Figure imgf000018_0004
在手套箱内, 将络合物 C(0.55mg, 0.00125mmol, 0.0025equiv)、 THF (2mL)、 6b (126mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 和 HBpin (75 L, 0.5mmol, lequiv) 加入 25mL Schlenk 管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (IM) (3.8 L, 0.00375mmol, 0.0075equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 lOmin后, 将体 系暴露在空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 纯石油醚作为洗脱剂) 得无色液体 7b (121.2mg, 95%)
1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 1.31-1.39 (m, 2H), 1.21 (m, 12H), 1.20 (s, 12H), 0.83 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.72 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 80.11, 29.78, 29.26, 26.90, 26.77, 26.68, 22.12, 21.34, 20.04 11.44; UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 33.9. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C15H31B02+], 253.2453; found: 253.2451 c
4,4,5,5-0甲基 -2-壬基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-nonyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (7c):
Figure imgf000019_0001
在手套箱内, 将络合物 C(0.55mg, 0.00125mmol, 0.0025equiv) THF (2mL) 6c (84mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 和 HBpin (75 L, 0.5mmol, lequiv) 加入 25mL Schlenk 管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (IM) (3.8 L, 0.00375mmol, 0.0075equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 lOmin后, 将体 系暴露在空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 纯石油醚作为洗脱剂) 得无色液体 7c (95.8mg, 90%)。
1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 1.37-1.41 (m, 2H), 1.25 (m, 6H), 1.24 (s, 12H), 0.87 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.76 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 83.0, 32.3, 31.8, 24.9, 24.1, 22.7, 14.2;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 34.0. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C12H25B02+], 211.1984。
4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2- (3-苯基丙基) -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(3-phenylpropyl)-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (7d):
Figure imgf000019_0002
在手套箱内,将络合物 C(4.4mg, 0.0 lmmol, 0.02equiv) THF (2mL)、 6d(118mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 禾 B HBpin (75μ^ 0.5mmol, lequiv) 加入 25mL Schlenk管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (1M) (30μ^ 0.03mmol, 0.06equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 30min后, 将体系暴露在空 气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下于 50°C浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 纯石 油醚作为洗脱剂) 得无色液体 7d(112.2mg, 91%)。
1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 7.23 (m, 2Η), 7.11-7.16 (m, 3H), 2.59 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H), 1.68-1.76 (m, 2H), 1.22 (s, 12H), 0.81 (t, J = 8 Hz, 2H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 142.7, 128.6, 128.2, 125.6, 83.0, 38.7, 26.2, 24.9;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 33.9. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C12H23B02+], 245.1827; found: 245.1829。
2- (2-环己基乙基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷
(2-(2-cyclohexylethyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (7e):
Figure imgf000019_0003
在手套箱内, 将络合物 C(4.4mg, O.Olmmol, 0.02equiv)、 THF (2mL) 6e(110mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 禾 B HBpin (75μ^ 0.5mmol, lequiv) 加入 25mL Schlenk管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (1M) (30μ^ 0.03mmol, 0.06equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 30min后, 将体系暴露在空 气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下于 50°C浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 纯石 油醚作为洗脱剂) 得无色液体 7e(1 10.8mg, 93%)。
1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 1.61-1.68 (m, 5H), 1.23-1.28 (m, 2H), 1.19 (s, 12H),
1.03-1.16 (m, 4H), 0.79 (m, 2H), 0.70 (t, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 83.0, 40.2, 33.2, 31.6, 27.0, 26.7, 25.0;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 34.2. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C14H27B02+], 237.2140; found: 237.2141。
2- ( 3,3-二甲基丁基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷
(2-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (7f):
Figure imgf000020_0001
在手套箱内, 将络合物 C(4.4mg, O.Olmmol, 0.02equiv)、 THF (2mL) 6f(84mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 禾 B HBpin (75 L, 0.5mmol, lequiv) 加入 25mL Schlenk管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (1M) (30μ^ 0.03mmol, 0.06equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 30min后, 将体系暴露在空 气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下于 50°C浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 纯石 油醚作为洗脱剂) 得无色液体 7f(66.0mg, 62%)
1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 1.28 (t, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 1.23 (s, 12H), 0.83 (s, 9H), 0.69 (t, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 83.1 , 38.0, 31.0, 29.1 , 25.0;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 33.9. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C12H25B02+], 21 1.1984; found: 21 1.1980
三甲基(3- (4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸 -2-基) 丙基)硅浣
-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)propyl)silane) (7g):
Figure imgf000020_0002
在手套箱内, 将络合物 C(0.55mg,0.00125mmol,0.0025equiv)、 THF (2mL)、 6g (1 14mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 和 HBpin (75 L, 0.5mmol, lequiv) 加入 25mL Schlenk 管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (IM) (3.8 L, 0.00375mmol, 0.0075equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 lOmin后, 将体 系暴露在空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 纯石油醚作为洗脱剂) 得无色液体 7g(1 12.5mg, 93%)
1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 1.35-1.43 (m, 2Η), 1.20 (s, 12H), 0.79 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 0.48 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), -0.07 (s, 9H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 83.0, 25.0, 20.3, 18.8, -1.4;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 33.8. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [(C12H27B02Si-CH3)+], 226.1681 ; found:226.1680。
2- ( 4- (苯甲氧基)丁基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(2-(4-(benzyloxy)butyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (7h):
Figure imgf000021_0001
在手套箱内,将络合物 C(2.2mg, 0.005mmol, 0.01equiv) THF (2mL)、 6h(162mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 禾 B HBpin (75 L, 0.5mmol, lequiv) 加入 25mL Schlenk管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (lM) (15μΙ, 0.015mmol, 0.03equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 30min后, 将体系暴露在 空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 15cm, 石油醚: 乙酸乙酯 =20: 1作为洗脱剂, V/V) 得无色液体 7h(120.4mg, 83%)。
1H NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz) δ 7.24-7.35 (m, 5H), 4.45 (s, 2H), 3.46 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 1.60-1.67 (m, 2H), 1.45-1.52 (m, 2H), 1.23 (s, 12H), 0.80 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 138.7, 128.3, 127.6, 127.5, 83.0, 72.8, 70.3, 32.3, 24.9,
20.7;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 33.9. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C17H27B03+], 289.2090; found: 289.2091。
4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2- ( 4- (2-甲基 -1, 3-二氧杂环戊烷 -2-基)丁基) -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸 (4,4, -methyl- 1 ,3-dioxolan-2-yl)butyl)- 1 ,3,2-dioxaborolane) (7i):
Figure imgf000021_0002
在手套箱内,将络合物 C(2.2mg, 0.005mmol, 0.01equiv) THF (2mL)、 6i(142mg, lmmol 2equiv) 和 HBpin (75 L, 0.5mmol, lequiv)加入 25mL Schlenk管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (1M) (\5μΙ,, 0.015mmol, 0.03equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 30min后, 将体系暴露在 空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 15cm, 石油醚: 乙酸乙酯 =20: 1作为洗脱剂, V/V) 得无色液体 7i(1 10.2mg,82%)。
1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 3.86-3.90 (m, 4Η), 1.58 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 1.34-1.39 (m, 4H), 1.26 (s, 3H), 1.20 (s, 12H), 0.74 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 1 10.2, 82.9, 64.6, 38.9, 26.8, 24.8, 24.2, 23.7;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128MHz): δ 33.9. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [(C14H27B04-CH3)+], 254.1804; found: 254.1800。
4-甲基苯磺酸 -6- ( 4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼浣 -2-基) 己基酯
dioxaborolan-2-yl)hexyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate) (7j):
Figure imgf000021_0003
在手套箱内,将络合物 C(2.2mg, 0.005mmol, 0.01equiv) THF (2mL)、 6j(254mg, lmmol 2equiv) 和 HBpin (75 L, 0.5mmol, lequiv)加入 25mL Schlenk管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (1M) (15μ^ 0.015mmol, 0.03equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 30min后, 将体系暴露在 空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 15cm, 石油醚: 乙酸乙酯 =20: 1作为洗脱剂, V/V) 得无色液体 7j(156.3mg,82%)。 Ή NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 7.76 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (d, J = 8 Hz, 2H), 3.98 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H ), 2.42 (s, 3H), 1.56-1.63 (m, 2H), 1.16-1.36 (m, 6H), 1.21 (s, 12H), 0.69 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H); 13C NMR (CDC13, 100 MHz) δ 144.8, 133.4, 130.0, 128.1, 83.1, 70.9, 31.8, 28.9, 25.3, 25.0, 23.9, 21.8;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 33.9. HRMS-ESI (m/z): Calcd for [C19H31B05S+], 381.2022; found:
N_节基 _N_ (3. (4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸 -2-基) 丙基) 苯胺
-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)propyl)aniline) (7k):
Figure imgf000022_0001
在手套箱内,将络合物 C(2.2mg, 0.005mmol, 0.01equiv) THF (2mL)、 6k(223mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 和 HBpin (75 L, 0.5mmol, lequiv)加入 25mL Schlenk管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (1M) (15μ^ 0.015mmol, 0.03equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 30min后, 将体系暴露在 空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 15cm, 石油醚: 乙酸乙酯 =20: 1作为洗脱齐 [J,V/V) 得无色液体 7k(167.9mg,96%)。
1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 7.18-7.35 (m, 7Η), 6.66-6.77 (m, 3H), 4.59 (s, 2H), 3.41 (t, J = 8 Hz, 2H ), 1.79-1.87 (m, 2H), 1.29 (s, 12H), 0.84 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 ΜΗζ) δ 148.8, 139.4, 129.3, 128.8, 126.9, 126.7, 1 16.0, 1 12.2, 83.4, 54.5, 53.5, 25.1, 21.6;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 34.0. HRMS-ESI (m/z): Calcd for [C22H30BNO2+], 350.2406; found: 350.2405。
4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2-(2-苯基丙基) -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(2-phenylpropyl)-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (71):
Figure imgf000022_0002
在手套箱内,将络合物 C(l lmg,0.025mmol,0.05equiv)、 THF (2mL) 61(1 18mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 和 HBpin (75 L, 0.5mmol, lequiv)加入 25mL Schlenk管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (1M) (Ί5μ^ 0.075mmol, 0.15equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 30min后, 将体系暴露在 空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下于 50°C浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 纯 石油醚作为洗脱剂) 得无色液体 71(88.6mg, 72%)。
1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 7.25-7.30 (m, 4Η), 7.14-7.18 (m, 1Η), 3.01-3.10 (m, 1H), 1.30 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.19 (m, 2H), 1.18 (s, 12H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 149.4, 128.4, 126.8, 125.9, 83.1 , 36.0, 25.1 , 25.0, 24.9; UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 33.5. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C15H23B02+], 245.1827; found:
4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2-(2-甲基丙基) -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(2-methylpentyl)- 1 ,3,2-dioxaborolane) (7m):
Figure imgf000023_0001
在手套箱内,将络合物 C(l lmg, 0.025mmol, 0.05equiv) THF (2mL) 6m(84mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 和 HBpin (75 L, 0.5mmol, lequiv)加入 25mL Schlenk管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (1M) (Ί5μ^ 0.075mmol, 0.15equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 30min后, 将体系暴露在 空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下于 50°C浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 纯 石油醚作为洗脱剂) 得无色液体 71(85.9mg, 81%)。
1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 1.64-1.73 (m, 1H), 1.1 1-1.33 (m, 4H), 1.23 (s, 12H), 0.88-0.89 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 3H), 0.85 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H), 0.78-0.82 (m, 1H), 0.59-0.65 (m, 1H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 82.9, 42.2, 29.4, 25.0, 24.9, 22.5, 20.5, 14.5;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 33.8. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C12H25B02+], 21 1.1982; found: 21 1.1980
2- ( 2- (环己 -3-烯 -1-基) 乙基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(2-(2-(cyclohex-3-en-l-yl)ethyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (3f):
Figure imgf000023_0002
在手套箱内,将络合物 C(4.4mg, 0.0 lmmol, 0.02equiv) THF (2mL)、 6n(108mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 和 HBpin (75 L, 0.5mmol, lequiv)加入 25mL Schlenk管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (1M) (30μ^ 0.03mmol, 0.06equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 30min后, 将体系暴露在空 气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下于 50°C浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 纯石 油醚作为洗脱剂) 得无色液体 7n(1 12.2mg, 95%)。
1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 5.55-5.62 (m, 2Η), 1.96-2.07 (m, 2H), 1.53-1.71(m, 2H), 1.30-1.40 (m, 3H), 1.09-1.19 (m, 2H), 1.19 (s, 12H), 0.74 (t, J = 8 Hz, 2H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 127.0, 126.7, 82.8, 35.8, 31.6, 30.7, 28.5, 25.3, 24.8;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 33.8. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C14H25B02+], 235.1984; found: 235.1987。
4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2- ( 2- ( 4-甲基环己 -3-烯 -1-基) 丙基) -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(2-(4-methylcyclohex-3-en-l-yl)propyl)-l,3,2-dioxaborolane )
(7o):
Figure imgf000023_0003
在手套箱内,将络合物 C(l lmg, 0.025mmol, 0.05equiv) THF (2mL) 6o(136mg, lmmol 2equiv) 和 HBpin (75 L, 0.5mmol, lequiv)加入 25mL Schlenk管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (1M) (Ί5μ^ 0.075mmol, 0.15equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 30min后, 将体系暴露在 空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下于 50°C浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 15cm, 石油醚: 乙酸乙酯 =10:1作为洗脱剂, V/V)得无色液体 7o(100.2mg,76%)。
1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 5.34 (t, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H), 1.85-1.98 (m, 3H), 1.63-1.74 (m,
3H), 1.61 (s, 3H), 1.06-1.38 (m, 2H), 1.22 (s, 12H), 0.84-0.89 (m, 4H), 0.58-0.64 (m, 1H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 134.0, 121.2, 83.0, 40.7, 34.0, 33.9, 31.1, 29.3, 28.5, 26.9,
26.0, 25.1, 24.9, 23.6, 19.5, 19.2;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 34.3. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C16H29B02+], 263.2297; found: 263.2298。
(E)-2- (己 -4-烯 -1-基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (7p):
Figure imgf000024_0001
在手套箱内, 将络合物 C(0.55mg, 0.00125mmol, 0.0025equiv) THF (2mL)、 6p (82mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 和 HBpin (75 L, 0.5mmol, lequiv) 加入 25mL Schlenk 管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (1M) (3.8 L, 0.00375mmol, 0.0075equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 lOmin后, 将体 系暴露在空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下浓縮, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 纯石油醚作为洗脱剂) 得无色液体 7p(94.7mg, 90%)。
7p化合物的反式构象的核磁数据: 1H NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz) δ 5.34-5.37 (m, 2H), 1.90-1.95 (m, 2H), 1.59 (dd, J = 2.2, 1 Hz, 3H), 1.38-1.46 (m, 2H), 1.20 (s, 12H), 0.72 (t, J = 8 Hz, 2H) ; 13C NMR (CDC13, 100 MHz) δ 131.4, 124.9, 82.8, 35.2, 24.8, 24.0, 18.0;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 34.0. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C12H23B02+], 209.1827; found: 209.1831。
由上述实验结果可见: 采用本发明所述的 P N配体-铁络合物 (0.25〜5mol%)作为催化 剂, 频哪醇作为硼试剂, 可使具有 ( 位双键的烯烃选择性地发生反马氏硼氢化, 生成的产 物烷基硼酸酯, 对水和氧气都比较稳定, 可以通过快速柱层析进行分离。 对于简单的链状 烯烃 6a-c (2 equiv), 10分钟就可以完全转化, 生成 7a-c, 分离产率达到 90〜95%; 3-苯基 丙烯和环己基乙烯 (6d,91%) 和 (6e,93%) 也能获得很好的收率; 但对于位阻较大的 3, 3-二甲基丁烯, 硼氢化产物 7f的产率相对较低, 只有 62%; 而且所述络合物催化剂还与各 种官能团有较好的兼容性,可使硅烷 (6g, 87%),醚 (6h, 83%),縮醛 (6ί, 82%),磺酸酯 (6j, 82%), 和胺 (6k,96%) 都能有较高的产率; 更重要的是, 对于 1,1-二取代的烯烃, 比如 α- 甲基苯乙烯和 2-甲基 -1-戊烯都能被有效地硼氢化生成 71和 7m, 产率分别为 72和 81%; 另外, 对于 4-乙烯基环己烯 6ιι只在端位发生硼氢化反应, 分子内的双键并没有变化, 生 成产物 7n, 产率为 95%; 对于 (+/-)柠檬烯, 同样只有端位的双键被硼氢化, 生成 7o, 产 率为 76%; 而且, 对于 1,4-己二烯 6p (trans/cis = 12/1), 反应过程中没有发生双键移位, 生 成 7p, 产率 90% (trans/cis =12/l)。 综上所述可知: 采用本发明所述的 P N配体-铁络合物 (0.25〜5mol%)作为催化剂, 频哪醇作为硼试剂, 可使具有 α位双键的烯烃只发生端位双键 的选择性硼氢化, 而且催化活性和选择性均非常显著。 实施例 7:以实施例 5所得络合物 C对芳基乙烯的硼氢化反应的催化活性实验 ^ 络合物 C
8a -d NaBHEt3 ^ Ar^^^D、0' 、 Ar^^。、〇'
+ 甲苯 /乙月青 9a-d 10a-d
HBPin + Ar^^ 11 a-d
4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2-苯乙基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-phenethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (9a):
Figure imgf000025_0001
在手套箱内, 将络合物 CC4.4mg, O.Olmmol, 0.02equiv)、 甲苯 C2mL)、 乙腈 μΙ^ 10equiv) 8a(104mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 禾口 HBpin (75μί, 0.5mmol, lequiv) 力口人 25mL Schlenk 管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 ClM) C3(^L,0.03mmol,0.06equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 30min后, 将体系暴露在空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下于 50°C浓縮, 然后快速柱 层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 纯石油醚作为洗脱剂) 得无色液体 9a(87.3mg,75%)。
1H NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz) δ 7.20-7.27 (m, 4H), 7.14 (t, J = 7 Hz, 1H), 2.75 (t, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H), 1.21 (s, 12H), 1.14 (t, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 144.4, 128.2, 128.0, 125.5, 83.1 , 30.0, 24.8;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 33.7. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C14H21B02+], 231.1671 ; found: 231.1670。
4,4,5,5-四甲基 -2- ( 4-甲基苯乙基) -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-methylphenethyl)-l,3,2-dioxaborolane ) (9b):
Figure imgf000025_0002
在手套箱内, 将络合物 CC4.4mg, O.Olmmol, 0.02equiv)、 甲苯 C2mL)、 乙腈 μΙ^ 10equiv) 8b(1 18mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 禾口 HBpin (^5μ , 0.5mmol, lequiv) 加入 25mL Schlenk 管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 ClM) C3(^L,0.03mmol,0.06equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 30min后, 将体系暴露在空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下于 50°C浓縮, 然后快速柱 层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 纯石油醚作为洗脱剂) 得无色液体 9b(103.1mg,84%)。
1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 7.08 (m, 4Η), 2.70 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 2.30 (s, 3H), 1.23 (s, 12H), 1.12 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 141.4, 134.9, 128.9, 127.9, 83.1 , 29.6, 24.9, 21.0;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 33.8. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for[C15H23B02+], 245.1827; found: 245.1828 o
2- ( 4-甲氧基苯乙基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(2-(4-methoxyphenethyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (9c):
Figure imgf000026_0001
在手套箱内, 将络合物 CC4.4mg, O.Olmmol, 0.02equiv)、 甲苯 C2mL)、 乙腈 μΙ^ 10equiv) 8c(134mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 禾口 HBpin (75μί, 0.5mmol, lequiv) 力口人 25mL Schlenk 管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 ClM) C3(^L,0.03mmol,0.06equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 30min后, 将体系暴露在空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下于 50°C浓縮, 然后快速柱 层析 (硅胶高约 15cm, 石油醚: 乙酸乙酯 =50: 1作为洗脱剂, V/V) 得无色液体 9c(89.5mg, 68%)
1H NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz) δ 7.13 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 6.80 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 3.77 (s, 3H), 2.69 (t, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H), 1.22 (s, 12H), 1.1 1 (t, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 157.8, 136.8, 129.1 , 1 13.8, 83.3, 55.5, 29.3, 25.0;
UB NMR (CDCI3, 128 MHz): δ 33.8. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C15H23B03+], 261.1777; found: 261.1781。
2- ( 4-氟苯基) -4,4,5,5-四甲基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(2-(4-fluorophenethyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (4f):
Figure imgf000026_0002
在手套箱内, 将络合物 CC4.4mg, O.Olmmol, 0.02equiv)、 甲苯 C2mL)、 乙腈 μΙ^ 10equiv) 8d(122mg, lmmol, 2equiv) 禾口 HBpin (^5μL, 0.5mmol, lequiv) 力口人 25mL Schlenk 管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 ClM) C3(^L,0.03mmol,0.06equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 30min后, 将体系暴露在空气中淬灭; 将所得溶液在真空条件下于 50°C浓縮, 然后快速柱 层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 纯石油醚作为洗脱剂) 得无色液体 9d(89.6mg,72%)。
1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) δ 7.15 (m, 2Η), 6.93 (m, 2H), 2.71 (t, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H), 1.21 (s, 12H), l . l l(t, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H);
13C NMR (CDCI3, 100 MHz) δ 161.4 (d, J = 966 Hz), 140.2 (d, J = 12.4 Hz), 129.6 (d, J = 30.4 Hz), 1 15.0 (d, J = 83.2 Hz), 83.4, 29.4, 25.0;
19F NMR (CDCI3, 376 MHz): δ 1 18.4. UB NMR (CDC13, 128 MHz): δ 33.6. HRMS-EI (m/z): Calcd for [C14H20BO2F+], 249.1577; found: 249.1580。
综上实验结果可见: 采用本发明所述的 P N配体-铁络合物作为催化剂, 频哪醇作为 硼试剂, 可使具有 ( 位双键的芳基烯烃只发生端位双键的选择性硼氢化, 而且催化活性和 选择性均非常显著。 实施例 8
4,4,5,5-0甲基 -2-壬基 -1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼垸
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-nonyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolane) (3a):
Figure imgf000027_0001
在手套箱内,将络合物 D(2.1mg, 0.005mmol, 0.01 equiv) THF (2mL) la (63 mg, 0.5 mmol 1 equiv) 禾 B HBpin (75 L, 0.5mmol, 1 equiv) 加入 25mL Schlenk管中, 搅拌均匀后, 加入 NaHBEt3 (1M) (ΙΟμ^ 0.01 mmol, 0.02 equiv); 在室温下搅拌反应 1 h后, 将体系暴露在空气 中淬灭; 旋干溶剂, 然后快速柱层析 (硅胶高约 5cm, 纯石油醚作为洗脱剂)得无色液体 3a (121.0mg, 95%) 1H NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz) δ 1.31-1.39 (m, 2H), 1.21 (m, 12H), 1.20 (s, 12H), 0.83 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 3H), 0.72 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H); 13C NMR (CDC13, 100 MHz) δ 80.11, 29.78, 29.26, 26.90, 26.77, 26.68, 22.12, 21.34, 20.04, 11.44。 对比例 1:
表 1 : P 的比较 [a]
路线 催化剂前体 NaBHEt3用量 产率 (%)[bl
1 10 (5 mol%) 15 mol% 3
2 FeCI2 (5 mol%) 15 mol% <2
3 FeCI2/bpy (5 mol%) 15 mol% <2
4 11 (5 mol%) 15 mol% 9
5 12 (5 mol%) 15 mol% 61
6 R (PP 3)3CI(5 mol%) 0 68[c
7 [lr(COD)CI]/dppe(5 mol%) 0 75
8 C (5 mol%) 15 mol% 99
9[d】 C (0.25 mol%) 0.75 mol% 99
Figure imgf000027_0003
[a]反应条件: HBPin (0.5 mmol, 1 equiv), 4-甲基 -1-戊烯 l(lmmol, 2 equiv),溶剂 THF (2 mL), 反应温度 25 °C ; [b]产率为 GC产率, 用均三甲苯做内标; [c]表示同时观察到 18%的脱氢硼 化产物; [d]反应时间 10 min。 本对比例比较了 P N配体-铁络合物和其他金属络合物在 4-甲基 -1-戊烯 6a的硼氢化反 应中的活性, 结果总结在表 1中。 由表 1可以看出尽管 Ritter的亚胺吡啶型配体的铁的络合 物 10作为催化剂前体对 1,3-二烯的硼氢化反应有着很好的活性 (J Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 12915), 但络合物 10在 NaBHEt3 (15mol%) 存在的情况下对 α-烯烃的硼氢化反应的催化效 果却很差 (见路线 1); 当反应直接用 FeCl2 (5mol%) 或者将 FeCl2(5mol%)和 2,2'-联吡啶 (5mol%)作为催化剂加入反应中时, 也几乎没有产物 (见路线 2和 3); 使用 (terpy)FeCl2 11 (5mol%) 禾卩 ('Pr-PDI)FeCl2 12 (5mol%M乍为催化剂前体, 分别以 9和 61%的收率获得 7a (;见 路线 4和 5); 另外使用贵金属催化剂 R PPh3)3 (5mol%)iP [Ir(COD)Cl]/dppe (5mol%)也分别 只有 68%和 75%的产率 (见路线 6和 7)。 但采用本发明提供的 P N配体 -铁络合物作为催化 剂, 用量只需 0.25%, 反应时间只需 10分钟, 产率就可以达到 99% (见路线 9)。 对比例 2:
表 2·· PN 配体-铁络合物 /钴络合物在烯烃硼氢化反应中的比较[!1]
.BPin or
Figure imgf000028_0001
路线
Figure imgf000028_0002
络合物 催化剂用量
( mol %) 时间 产率(%)[b
1 1a C 0.25% 10 min 95%[c
2 2a C 2% 30 min 51 %[c
3 2a A 1 % 1 h 93%
4 1a A 1 % 1 h 75%
5 1a B 0.05% 15 min 95%
6 2a B 0.05% 15 min 91 %
7 1a B 0.01 % 1 h 95%
8 1a D 1 % 1 h 95%
9 2a D 1 % 1 h 48%[d
Figure imgf000028_0003
A B C D
[a] 反应条件: HBPin (0.5 mmol), 5a 或 6a (0.5 mmol), THF (1 mL) 作为溶剂, 反应温度
25 °C ; [b] 产率为分离产率除非另有说明; [c] 数据来源于 ref 10; [d] 含有 52% 的脱氢 产物, 产率为核磁产率, 用均三甲苯作内标。 本对比例比较了铁和钴络合物在脂肪族烯烃和芳香族烯烃硼氢化反应中的活性,结果总 结在表 2中。 由表 2可以看出, 铁络合物( 11^^^^12 (络合物 C)在脂肪族 α-烯烃的硼氢 化反应中具有非常好的活性 (路线 1), 但对于芳基乙烯, 用甲苯或 THF做溶剂时会有脱氢硼 化产物生成 (路线 2)。我们用 1%的络合物 Α作为催化剂前体, 2%的 NaBEt3H作为活化剂进 行了尝试, 对于 2a在 THF溶液中, 常温下反应 1小时, 生成反马氏加成产物 4a, 产率高 达 93% (路线 3), 采用络合物 E作为催化剂前体, 产率相近, 与络合物 A的活性相当。 但 对于脂肪族烯烃 la, 生成的硼氢化产物只有 75% (路线 4)。 当我们采用络合物 B作为催化 剂时, 络合物 B无论在脂肪族烯烃还是芳香族烯烃的硼氢化中都具有更高的活性。 只需要 0.05 mol%的催化剂前体, 反应 15 min, 原料即可完全转化 (路线 5 和 6)。 络合物 B的最低 用量可以降低到 0.01 mol%, 反应仍有 95%的产物生成 (entry 7)。 在这两个例子中, 都没有 其他产物通过 GC/MS 和 iH NMR检测到。 因此 P N配体-钴络合物的催化体系相比铁的 体系具有更高的活性。 我们也用络合物 D对 la和 2a进行了尝试, 对于 1-壬烯 la, D具有 较好的活性 (路线 8), 但对于苯乙烯 2a, 只生成 48%的硼氢化产物, 还有 52%的脱氢产物形 成 (;路线 9)。 综上实验可见: 本发明提供的 P N配体-金属络合物, 特别是钴的络合物对单烯烃的硼 氢化反应具有优良的催化活性, 相对于现有技术具有显著性进步。 最后有必要在此说明的是: 上述实施例只用于对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细地说 明, 不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制, 本领域的技术人员根据本发明的上述内容作出 的一些非本质的改进和调整均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求
种 P N配 -金属络合物催化剂, 其特征在于, 是具有如下通式的化合物:
Figure imgf000030_0001
通式中: R为 的烷烃基或 C6〜C3。的芳基; R R2、 R3、 R4、 R5、 R6、 R7独立选自氢原 子、 卤素原子、 d-C^的烃基、 d-C^的含氧基团、 d-C^的含硫基团、 d-C^的含氮基团、 d-Cso的含磷基团、 d-Cso的含硅基团或其它惰性功能性基团,上述基团彼此间相同或不同, 其中相邻基团彼此成键成环或不成键成环; X为卤原子或 〜 。的烷烃基; M为钴或铁。
2、 一种制备权利要求 1所述的 P N配体-金属络合物催化剂的方法, 其特征在于, 是将 P N配体与 MX2或 Py2MX2进行配位反应, 反应通式如下所示:
当 X为卤原子时:
Figure imgf000030_0002
PNN酉己体 PNN配体金属络合物 X为 3。的烷烃基时:
Figure imgf000030_0003
PNN酉己体 PNN配体 -金属络合物
3、 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述配位反应包括如下操作:
a)配制 MX2或 Py2MX2的有机溶液及 PNN配体的有机溶液;
b) 控制在 20〜30°C下, 将 P N配体的有机溶液逐滴加入 MX2或 Py2MX2的有机溶液中; c) 滴毕, 在室温下搅拌反应;
d) 反应结束, 进行纯化后处理。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述的有机溶液选自: 四氢呋喃溶液、 乙 醚溶液、 叔丁基醚溶液、 正己烷溶液、 正戊烷溶液、 甲苯溶液。
5、如权利要求 3所述的方法,其特征在于: MX2或Py2MX2的有机溶液的摩尔浓度为 0.01 摩尔 /升〜 0.1摩尔 /升; P N配体的有机溶液的摩尔浓度为 0.1摩尔 /升〜 1.0摩尔 /升; P N配体 与 MX2或 Py2MX2的摩尔比为 1: 1〜2: 1。
6、 一种权利要求 1所述的 P N配体-金属络合物催化剂的应用, 其特征在于: 用作单烯 烃的硼氢化反应的催化剂。 7、 如权利要求 6所述的应用, 其特征在于: 所述单烯烃的硼氢化反应是指只发生在 a 位双键的硼氢化反应。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的应用, 其特征在于: 所述的硼氢化反应是指具有 (位双键的烯 烃在以所述的 P N配体 -金属络合物作为催化剂、 以频那醇硼烷 (HBPinM乍为硼试剂、 在 NaBHEt3存在下, 发生 α位双键的硼氢化反应。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的应用, 其特征在于, 所述的硼氢化反应包括如下操作:
① 使 Ρ Ν配体-金属络合物、 具有 α位双键的烯烃、 频那醇硼烷 (HBPin)和 NaHBEt3在 室温下搅拌反应 10〜30分钟;
② 将反应体系暴露在空气中淬灭, 然后进行纯化后处理。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的应用, 其特征在于: 具有 ( 位双键的烯烃与频那醇硼烷的摩 尔比为 1 :1〜2:1; 所述的 PNN配体-金属络合物与频那醇硼烷的摩尔比为 0.00005:1〜0.05:1; NaHBEt3与所述的 P N配体 -金属络合物的摩尔比为 2:1〜3:1。
11、 一 P N配体 -铁络合物催化剂, 其特征在于, 是具有如下通式的化合物:
Figure imgf000031_0001
, 通式中: R为 〜 。的烷烃基或 C6〜C3。的芳基; X为卤原子。
种权利要 11所述的 P N配体-铁络合物催化剂的制备方法, 其特征在于:
Figure imgf000031_0002
体 ■PNN 铁络合物
所述方法包括 P N配体与 FeX2进行配位反应得到所述 P N配体 -铁络合物催化剂的步骤, 各通式中的 R和 X的定义如权利要求 11中所述。
13 一种 P N配体 -钴络合物催化剂, 其特征在于, 是具有如下通式的化合物:
Figure imgf000031_0003
, 通式中: R为 的烷烃基或 C6〜C3Q的芳基; X为卤原子或 C3。的烷烃基。
14、 如权利要求 13所述的催化剂, 其特征在于, R为乙基、 异丙基、 叔丁基或苯基; 通 式中的 X选自 Cl、 Br、 I、 甲基、 叔丁基或三甲基硅甲基。
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