WO2014117703A1 - 激光光源、波长转换光源、合光光源和投影显示装置 - Google Patents

激光光源、波长转换光源、合光光源和投影显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014117703A1
WO2014117703A1 PCT/CN2014/071523 CN2014071523W WO2014117703A1 WO 2014117703 A1 WO2014117703 A1 WO 2014117703A1 CN 2014071523 W CN2014071523 W CN 2014071523W WO 2014117703 A1 WO2014117703 A1 WO 2014117703A1
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Prior art keywords
light source
laser
laser light
array
laser beam
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PCT/CN2014/071523
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡飞
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深圳市光峰光电技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2014117703A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014117703A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2033—LED or laser light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
    • G02B27/0994—Fibers, light pipes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2013—Plural light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2033—LED or laser light sources
    • G03B21/204—LED or laser light sources using secondary light emission, e.g. luminescence or fluorescence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/206—Control of light source other than position or intensity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/208—Homogenising, shaping of the illumination light

Definitions

  • Laser light source wavelength conversion light source
  • the present invention relates to the field of light sources, and more particularly to a laser light source and a wavelength conversion light source, a light combining light source and a projection display device using the same. Background technique
  • l la-l lc is a laser diode
  • 12a-12c is a collimating lens
  • 13 is a converging lens
  • 14 is a rectangular square bar.
  • the collimating lenses 12a-12c are spherical or aspherical lens arrays, and each lens corresponds to a laser diode.
  • the laser light emitted from the laser diode l la-l lc is collimated into a parallel beam by the collimating lenses 12a-12c, and then concentrated by the converging lens 13 into a small spot having a spot size and a light entrance size of the rectangular square bar 14. match.
  • the rectangular square bar 14 is a hollow or solid light guide bar for averaging the input beam.
  • the present invention proposes a laser light source that enables uniform surface distribution.
  • the invention provides a laser light source, comprising an array of laser light sources for generating a collimated primary laser beam array; comprising focusing optics arranged in sequence at the rear end of the laser light source array
  • the component and the collimating optical component, the primary laser beam array sequentially passes through the focusing optical component and the collimating optical component to form a collimated secondary laser beam array, and the secondary laser beam in the secondary laser beam array has a pitch smaller than that of the primary laser beam array
  • the spacing of the primary laser beams and an integrating rod at the rear end of the collimating optical element for receiving and homogenizing the secondary laser beam array.
  • the focusing optical element is a convex lens
  • the collimating optical element is a convex lens or a concave lens
  • the focal points of the focusing optical element and the collimating optical element coincide.
  • the light entrance of the integrator rod abuts the collimating optical element.
  • the laser source further includes an angular distribution control element between the collimating optical element and the integrator rod for concentrating or diverging the incident secondary laser beam to form a predetermined angular distribution.
  • the light inlet of the integrator rod abuts the angular distribution control element.
  • the angular distribution control element is at an appropriate distance from the collimating optical element such that the spots formed by adjacent secondary laser beams overlap when the secondary laser beam array is incident on the angular distribution control element.
  • the angular distribution control element is a fly-eye lens comprising a microlens array, each microlens capable of concentrating or diverging the incident secondary laser beam to form a predetermined angular distribution.
  • each of the microlenses of the fly-eye lens is square, rectangular or regular hexagon.
  • the array of laser sources consists of an array of laser elements and an array of collimating lenses, each of which corresponds to a laser element for collimating the laser light emitted by the laser element.
  • the illumination position of the laser element is offset from the focus of the collimating lens corresponding thereto in the direction of laser propagation.
  • the present invention also provides a wavelength conversion light source comprising the above laser light source, further comprising wavelength converting means for receiving light emitted by the laser light source and emitting the received laser light.
  • the invention also provides a light combining light source, comprising the above laser light source; further comprising a wavelength conversion light source, the wavelength conversion light source comprising an excitation light source and a wavelength conversion device, wherein the wavelength conversion device absorbs the excitation light emitted by the excitation light source and emits the laser light; Including the light unit, The light emitted by the light source and the laser light emitted by the wavelength conversion light source are incident on the light combining device from different directions and merged into a bundle by the light combining device.
  • the present invention also provides a projection display apparatus comprising the above-described laser light source.
  • the cross section of the primary laser beam array is compressed to form a secondary laser beam array, and the divergence angle of the secondary laser beam is greater than the divergence angle of the primary laser beam;
  • the laser beam passes through the integral rod at the back end to achieve a uniform surface distribution.
  • Figure 1 is a prior art laser light source
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the working principle of a rectangular square bar in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a laser light source of Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 4 is another example of the structure of the laser light source
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a laser light source of Embodiment 2;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the working principle of the fly-eye lens
  • Fig. 7 is an example of a microlens array of a fly-eye lens. detailed description
  • the inventors made a targeted study on the problem that the laser light source shown in Fig. 1 cannot produce a uniform surface distribution.
  • the inventors have found that the reason why the general beam can be homogenized in the square bar 14 is that the angular distribution of the beam is continuous, so that the surface distribution of the beam can be continuous after multiple reflections in the square bar, and The more the number of reflections, the better the uniformity of the surface distribution.
  • the laser beam concentrated by the converging lens 13 is different from the general beam, which is composed of a plurality of laser beams, each of which is derived from a laser diode and a corresponding collimating lens, so the angular distribution of the total beam Not continuous, but separate.
  • the propagation of these discrete laser beams in the square bar 14 is shown in Figure 2.
  • the laser beam L1 is incident at an incident angle ⁇ , and is emitted at an exit angle ⁇ .
  • the laser beam L2 is incident at an incident angle ⁇ , and is emitted at an exit angle ⁇ . Both of them are small in reflection, and the reflection in the square rod remains for a plurality of times. a very thin light, so there is no mixing effect at the exit of the square bar. That is, the light distribution of the hooks.
  • Embodiment 1 In order to solve this problem, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Embodiment 1
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a laser light source according to the present invention.
  • the laser source 300 includes an array of laser sources for generating a collimated primary laser beam array 381.
  • the laser light source array is composed of a laser element array including laser elements 41a, 41b and 41c, and a collimating lens array comprising 42a, 42b and 42c, wherein each collimating lens corresponds to one laser element,
  • the illumination position of the laser element is located at the focus of the corresponding collimating lens, and the emitted light is collimated by the collimating lens.
  • the laser element is a laser diode.
  • the laser element may of course be other elements that emit laser light, and the invention is not limited.
  • the collimator lens may also be omitted.
  • the laser light source 300 further includes a focusing optical element 43 and a collimating optical element 44 arranged in sequence at the rear end of the laser light source array, and the primary laser beam array 381 sequentially passes through the focusing optical element and the collimating optical element to form a collimated secondary laser beam array. 382.
  • the focusing optical element is a convex lens 43
  • the collimating optical element is a concave lens 44
  • the focal points of the convex lens 43 and the concave lens 44 are coincident, wherein the focus of the concave lens 44 is a virtual focus, which is at the rear end of the optical path of the concave lens 44.
  • the primary laser beam array 381 is first focused by the convex lens 43 to converge toward its focus, and the beam cross-sectional area when incident on the concave lens 44 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the beam when incident on the convex lens 43, due to the laser beam
  • the focus is also concentrated toward the concave lens, so that after the concave lens 44, the parallel light is again emitted, that is, the collimated secondary laser beam array 382 is formed, but the cross-sectional area of the laser beam is compressed, that is, the secondary laser beam array 382
  • the spacing of the secondary laser beams is less than the spacing of the primary laser beams in the array of laser beams.
  • the cross-sectional area of the beam is compressed and its divergence angle must increase, namely:
  • S 2 and ⁇ 2 are the cross-sectional area and the divergence half angle of the secondary laser beam array, respectively, where S 2 ⁇ S l then ⁇ 2 - is greater than ⁇ . It is worth noting that the divergence half angle in equation (1) is not the angle between the laser beams, but the divergence half angle of each laser beam.
  • the compression ratio of the secondary laser beam array 382 to the cross-sectional area of the primary laser beam array 381 can be controlled (approximately, the focal length ratio of the convex lens 43 and the concave lens 44). It is the compression ratio of the beam) and thereby controls the divergence half angle of each laser beam in the secondary laser beam array.
  • the laser source 300 also includes an integrator rod 46 at the rear end of the collimating optical element 44 for receiving and homogenizing the secondary laser beam array 382. Since the divergence angle of each of the laser beams in the secondary laser beam array 382 increases, the divergence angle distribution is continuous, and the existing pair of integrator rods (the square rod in the background art is one of the integrator rods) In understanding, the incident light must be incident at a large angular range to produce a better uniformization effect, because only such light can be multi-reflected and homogenized inside the integrator rod. However, the research on the present invention has made our understanding of the integrator rod deeper.
  • this embodiment can also be extended. If the divergence angle of the secondary laser beam is still not large enough, the illumination position of the laser diode (e.g., 41a) can be offset from the focus of the collimating lens (e.g., 42a) in the direction of laser propagation. In this way, the divergence angle of the primary laser beam is directly increased, and the divergence angle of the natural secondary laser beam is also increased.
  • a laser beam divergence angle variation has a negative effect: the total cross-sectional area of the secondary laser beam array will increase, which corresponds to an increase in optical expansion, which requires higher optical expansion. This is not applicable for applications.
  • the divergence angle of the secondary laser beam can be finely adjusted in a manner that the laser element is out of focus with respect to the collimating lens, but the adjustment range cannot be too large (otherwise, the optical expansion amount is excessively Large loss), so it is still impossible to omit the action of the focusing optical element 43 and the collimating optical element 44.
  • the light entrance of the integrator rod 46 there is a certain distance between the light entrance of the integrator rod 46 and the collimating optical element 44, which of course can bring about assembly convenience.
  • the beam cross-sectional area of the secondary laser beam array propagating between the collimating optical element 44 and the integrator rod 46 is slightly increased, which corresponds to an expansion of the optical expansion amount. Therefore, preferably, the light entrance of the integrator rod 46 abuts the collimating optical element 44 such that the amount of optical expansion does not expand as much as possible.
  • the light entrance area of the integrator rod 46 can be exactly equal to the output of the secondary laser beam array from the collimating optical element 44. The cross-sectional area at the time.
  • the collimating optical element is a concave lens.
  • the collimating optical element can also make the convex lens 47 as long as the focal point of the convex lens 43 and the convex lens 47 coincide, and the effect is the same as that of using the concave lens. Only the length in the direction of light propagation increases, making the entire system slightly larger.
  • the focusing optical element and the collimating optical element are not limited to the convex lens or the concave lens used in the embodiment, for example, the focusing optical element may also be one or more mirrors that focus the multiple laser beams, and the collimating optical elements. It can be a Fresnel lens. In short, as long as the same function can be achieved, it belongs to the protection scope of this patent.
  • Embodiment 2 is a concave lens.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a laser light source of Embodiment 2.
  • the laser light source in this embodiment further includes an angular distribution control element 45 between the collimating optical element 44 and the integrator rod 46 for converging or diverging the incident secondary laser beam to form a predetermined angle. distributed.
  • the angular distribution control element 45 is a fly-eye lens 45 that includes a microlens array, each microlens capable of concentrating or diverging the incident secondary laser beam to form a predetermined angular distribution.
  • the working principle of the microlens array is shown in Fig. 6.
  • the light on the left side of the fly-eye lens is incident light, that is, an array of collimated secondary laser beams, which are focused and then diverged after passing through each microlens 451, and the divergence angle thereof increases, and after the increase
  • the angular distribution is a continuous distribution.
  • the angle is The cloth is the negative cubic distribution of the cosine.
  • the microlens 451 By designing the curved surface of the microlens 451, the Lambertian distribution can be achieved.
  • the microlens is a convex lens, so that the secondary laser beam can be concentrated; in fact, the microlens can also make a concave lens, so that the secondary laser beam can be diverged, but a predetermined angular distribution can also be achieved.
  • the angular distribution of the secondary laser beam array is small, substantially parallel, and the integrator does not change the angular distribution.
  • the tapered integrator changes the angular distribution, it does not change the angular distribution.
  • the incident light is a cosine distribution with an angular range of -30 degrees to 30 degrees.
  • the angle of the exiting light after the cone integrator is used may be amplified to -40 to 40 degrees, but the light distribution is still cosine.)
  • the angular distribution of the exiting light of the light source is entirely dependent on the design of the angular distribution control element 45. For example, in this embodiment, it is only necessary to design the shape of the microlens in the fly-eye lens 45 to achieve a desired angular distribution.
  • the angular distribution control element may be a diffusing sheet, a diffractive optical element (the phase of the incident light is adjusted by diffraction to achieve an intended light distribution), and the like, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the light entrance of the integrator rod 46 abuts the angular distribution control member 45 in order to reduce the enlargement of the cross-sectional area of the light emitted from the angular distribution control member 45 to cause an increase in the amount of optical expansion.
  • the inventors have found that the angular distribution control element 45 is not as close as possible to the collimating optical element 44. When the proper distance between the two is maintained, the spots formed by the adjacent secondary laser beams overlap when the secondary laser beam array is incident on the angular distribution control element 45, and the secondary laser beams are connected in one piece. It helps the surface distribution of the outgoing light at the back end.
  • the present embodiment can control the illumination angle distribution of the laser light source, the optical expansion amount is increased with respect to the first embodiment, and the system needs for the optical expansion amount in consideration.
  • the curved surface of the laser output can be controlled by controlling the surface of the microlens in the fly-eye lens.
  • the angular distribution by controlling the shape of each microlens.
  • Fig. 7 shows an example of a fly-eye lens in which each of the microlenses is rectangular and the two side lengths are respectively D ⁇ .
  • the lens can also be square or regular hexagon. The advantage of a regular hexagonal microlens is that its illuminating cone is close to a cone and is used in many applications.
  • the present invention also provides a wavelength conversion light source comprising the above laser light source; further comprising wavelength converting means for receiving light emitted by the laser light source and emitting the received laser light. Since the light emitted from the laser source has a uniform surface distribution, the wavelength of the wavelength conversion device is excited to have the same thermal load, which is helpful for the light conversion efficiency of the wavelength conversion device.
  • the invention also provides a light combining light source, comprising the above laser light source; further comprising a wavelength conversion light source, the wavelength conversion light source comprising an excitation light source and a wavelength conversion device, wherein the wavelength conversion device absorbs the excitation light emitted by the excitation light source and emits the laser light; Including the light combining device, the light emitted by the laser light source and the laser light emitted by the wavelength conversion light source are incident on the light combining device from different directions and merged into a bundle by the light combining device.
  • the laser light emitted by the wavelength conversion light source is generally a Lambertian distribution
  • the laser light is directly combined with the laser light, unevenness may occur due to the difference in light distribution.
  • the angular distribution and the surface distribution of the laser light source of the present invention can be precisely controlled, as long as the angular distribution and the surface distribution are controlled to be the same as the angular distribution and the surface distribution of the laser, respectively, uniform light combining between the two can be achieved.
  • the present invention also provides a projection display apparatus comprising the above-described laser light source.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
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Abstract

一种激光光源及使用该激光光源的波长转换光源、合光光源和投影显示装置。激光光源（300）包括激光光源阵列、聚焦光学元件（43）、准直光学元件（44）和积分棒（46）。激光光源阵列用于产生准直的一次激光光束阵列（381）。一次激光光束阵列（381）依次经过位于后端的聚焦光学元件（43）和准直光学元件（44）后形成准直的二次激光光束阵列（382）。二次激光光束阵列（382）中的二次激光光束的间距小于一次激光光束阵列（381）中的一次激光光束的间距。积分棒（46）用于接收和均匀化二次激光光束阵列（382）。经过聚焦光学元件（43）和准直光学元件（44）的作用后一次激光光束阵列（381）的截面被压缩而形成二次激光光束阵列（382），二次激光光束的发散角大于一次激光光束的发散角，二次激光光束经过后端的积分棒（46）后可实现均匀的面分布。

Description

激光光源、 波长转换光源、 合光光源和投影显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及光源领域，尤其涉及一种激光光源及使用该激光光源 的波长转换光源、 合光光源和投影显示装置。 背景技术
随着半导体技术的发展， 固态照明光源的优势越来越明显。 激光 光源作为一种高亮度、 高准直的新型光源， 正被逐步应用到投影、 照 明等领域。 激光光源的光学扩展量小， 可以得到高亮度的光输出， 同 时也使对其勾光会更加困难。
图 1 是现有技术中利用方棒进行勾光的一种激光光源， 其中， l la-l lc为激光二极管， 12a-12c为准直透镜， 13为会聚透镜， 14为 矩形方棒。 其中准直透镜 12a-12c为球面或非球面透镜阵列， 每个透 镜对应一个激光二极管。 从激光二极管 l la-l lc发出的激光， 先经准 直透镜 12a-12c准直为平行光束， 然后经会聚透镜 13会聚成一个小 光斑， 该光斑尺寸与矩形方棒 14的入光口尺寸匹配。 矩形方棒 14是 中空或实心的导光棒， 用来对输入光束进行匀光。 然而， 经过实验发 现这样的匀光效果并不好， 从方棒 14出口的出射光依然呈现分离的 激光点而不能混为一个均勾的面分布。 延长方棒 14的长度来增加激 光在方棒中的反射次数也不能显著的改善。 发明内容
本发明提出了一种激光光源， 能够实现均匀的面分布。
本发明提出一种激光光源， 包括激光光源阵列， 用于产生准直的 一次激光光束阵列； 包括位于激光光源阵列后端依次排列的聚焦光学 元件和准直光学元件，一次激光光束阵列依次经过聚焦光学元件和准 直光学元件后形成准直的二次激光光束阵列，二次激光光束阵列中的 二次激光光束的间距小于一次激光光束阵列中的一次激光光束的间 距； 还包括位于准直光学元件后端的积分棒， 用于接收二次激光光束 阵列并使其均匀化。
优选的，聚焦光学元件为凸透镜， 准直光学元件为凸透镜或凹透 镜， 聚焦光学元件和准直光学元件的焦点重合。
优选的， 积分棒的光入口紧贴准直光学元件。
优选的 ,激光光源还包括位于准直光学元件与积分棒之间的角分 布控制元件，用于将入射的二次激光光束会聚或发散以形成预定角分 布。
优选的， 积分棒的光入口紧贴角分布控制元件。
优选的， 角分布控制元件距离准直光学元件适当的距离，使得二 次激光光束阵列入射到角分布控制元件上时相邻的二次激光光束形 成的光斑存在交叠。
优选的， 角分布控制元件是复眼透镜， 该复眼透镜包括微透镜阵 列 ,每个微透镜能将入射的二次激光光束会聚或发散以形成预定角分 布。
优选的， 复眼透镜的每个微透镜为正方形、 长方形或正六边形。 优选的，激光光源阵列由激光元件阵列和准直透镜阵列组成，其 中每个准直透镜对应于一个激光元件，用于对该激光元件发出的激光 进行准直。
优选的，激光元件的发光位置沿激光传播的方向偏离与其对应的 准直透镜的焦点。
本发明还提出一种波长转换光源， 包括上述的激光光源，还包括 波长转换装置， 用于接收激光光源发出的光并发射受激光。
本发明还提出一种合光光源， 包括上述的激光光源； 还包括波长 转换光源， 该波长转换光源包括激发光源和波长转换装置， 波长转换 装置吸收激发光源发出的激发光并发射受激光； 还包括合光装置， 激 光光源发射的光和波长转换光源发射的受激光从不同方向入射于合 光装置并经合光装置合为一束出射。
本发明还提出一种投影显示装置， 包括上述的激光光源。
在本发明中经过聚焦光学元件和准直光学元件的作用后一次激 光光束阵列的截面被压缩而形成二次激光光束阵列，二次激光光束的 发散角大于一次激光光束的发散角；这样二次激光光束经过其后端的 积分棒后可以实现均勾的面分布。 附图说明
图 1为现有技术中的激光光源；
图 2为现有技术中矩形方棒工作原理的示意图；
图 3为实施例一的激光光源的结构示意图；
图 4为激光光源的结构的另一个例子；
图 5为实施例二的激光光源的结构示意图；
图 6为复眼透镜的工作原理的示意图；
图 7为复眼透镜的微透镜阵列的一个举例。 具体实施方式
针对图 1所示的激光光源不能产生均匀面分布的问题，发明人做 了针对性的研究。 发明人发现， 一般的光束之所以在方棒 14中能够 实现均匀化， 其关键在于该光束的角分布是连续的， 这样经过方棒内 多次反射后其面分布才可能是连续的，而且能够实现反射次数越多面 分布的均勾性越好。
然而经过会聚透镜 13会聚的激光光束不同于一般的光束， 它是 由多个激光光束组合而成的，每个激光光束来自于一个激光二极管和 对应的准直透镜，所以总的光束的角分布并不是连续的，而是分立的。 这些分立的激光束在方棒 14 中的传播过程如图 2所示。 激光束 L1 以入射角 α入射， 以出射角 α出射， 激光束 L2以入射角 β入射， 以 出射角 β出射， 两者由于各自的角度都很小， 在方棒中反射多次仍然 保持为一根很细的光线， 因此在方棒的出口处无法形成混合的效果， 即均勾的光分布。
为了解决这个问题， 下面结合具体实施例来进一步说明本发明。 实施例一
图 3 为本发明的激光光源实施例一的结构示意图。 该激光光源 300包括激光光源阵列，该激光光源阵列用于产生准直的一次激光光 束阵列 381。 其中激光光源阵列由激光元件阵列和准直透镜阵列组 成， 激光元件阵列包括激光元件 41a、 41b和 41c, 准直透镜阵列包 括 42a、 42b和 42c , 其中每个准直透镜对应于一个激光元件， 激光 元件的发光位置位于对应的准直透镜的焦点上，其发出的光经过准直 透镜后得以准直。
在本实施例中，激光元件为激光二极管， 实际上激光元件当然可 能是其它发射激光的元件， 本发明不做限制。 另外， 若激光元件自身 发射的激光束的准直度较好， 则准直透镜也是可能省略的。
激光光源 300 还包括位于激光光源阵列后端依次排列的聚焦光 学元件 43和准直光学元件 44, 一次激光光束阵列 381依次经过聚焦 光学元件和准直光学元件后形成准直的二次激光光束阵列 382。
在本实施例中， 聚焦光学元件为凸透镜 43 , 准直光学元件为凹 透镜 44 , 凸透镜 43和凹透镜 44的焦点重合， 其中凹透镜 44的焦点 为虚焦点， 该虚焦点在凹透镜 44的光路后端。 这样， 一次激光光束 阵列 381首先被凸透镜 43所聚焦而面向其焦点会聚， 在入射到凹透 镜 44上时其光束截面积会小于在入射到凸透镜 43上时的光束截面 积， 此时由于该激光光束也是面向凹透镜的焦点会聚的， 因此经过凹 透镜 44 后会再次呈平行光出射， 即形成准直的二次激光光束阵列 382 , 但激光光束的截面面积被压缩了， 即二次激光光束阵列 382中 的二次激光光束的间距小于一次激光光束阵列中的一次激光光束的 间距。
根据光学扩展量守恒原理， 光束的截面面积被压缩， 其发散角必 然增大， 即：
St - sm2 et = & - sin2 ^ ( Λ Λ 其中 0 !分别是一次激光光束阵列的横截面积和发散半角，
S2、 Θ 2分别是二次激光光束阵列的横截面积和发散半角，其中 S2<Sl 则 θ 2—定大于 θ 。 值得注意的， 公式（1 ) 中的发散半角并不是各 激光光束之间的夹角， 而是每个激光光束自己的发散半角。
在实际应用中， 通过控制凸透镜 43和凹透镜 44的位置和曲率， 可以控制二次激光光束阵列 382对一次激光光束阵列 381截面积的压 缩比例（近似来说， 凸透镜 43和凹透镜 44的焦距之比就是光束的压 缩比 ),并以此控制二次激光光束阵列中每一个激光光束的发散半角。
激光光源 300还包括位于准直光学元件 44后端的积分棒 46, 用 于接收二次激光光束阵列 382并使其均勾化。由于二次激光光束阵列 382中每一束激光光束自身发散半角的增大,其发散角分布是连续的， 在现有的对积分棒（背景技术中的方棒是积分棒的一种）的理解 中，入射光必须以一个较大的角度范围入射才能够产生较好的匀光效 果， 因为只有这样光线才能够在积分棒内部发生多次反射而均匀化。 然而针对本发明的研究使我们对积分棒的认识更加深入，即若应用于 激光领域，仅将各束激光会聚形成较大的角度范围是不能工作的， 必 须使每一束激光的发散半角增大。 只要每一束激光的发散半角增大， 即使各束激光之间接近于平行，也能够经过积分棒产生很好的均匀化 效果。
在此认识的基础上，我们发现还可以对本实施例进行扩展。若二 次激光光束的发散角仍不够大， 可以使激光二极管（如 41a )的发光 位置沿激光传播的方向偏离准直透镜（如 42a )的焦点。 这样实际上 是直接使一次激光光束的发散角变大，自然二次激光光束的发散角也 跟着变大。但是必须认识到，一次激光光束发散角变大会产生一个不 良后果： 二次激光光束阵列的总截面积会随之增大，这对应于光学扩 展量的增大， 对于对光学扩展量要求较高的应用场合这是不适用的。 因此，可以应用激光元件相对于准直透镜离焦的方式对二次激光光束 的发散角进行微调，但调整范围不能过大（否则造成光学扩展量的过 大损失）， 因此仍不可能省略聚焦光学元件 43和准直光学元件 44的 作用。
在本实施例中， 如图 3所示的， 积分棒 46的光入口与准直光学 元件 44之间有一定的间距， 这当然可以带来组装的方便。 但由于二 次激光光束的发散半角已经扩大，所以二次激光光束阵列在准直光学 元件 44和积分棒 46之间传播时的光束截面积会稍微增大 ,这对应于 光学扩展量的扩大。 因此优选的， 积分棒 46的光入口紧贴准直光学 元件 44会使光学扩展量尽量不扩大，此时积分棒 46的光入口面积可 以刚好等于二次激光光束阵列从准直光学元件 44出射时的截面积。
在本实施例中， 准直光学元件为凹透镜， 实际上如图 4所示， 准 直光学元件也可以使凸透镜 47 , 只要凸透镜 43与凸透镜 47的焦点 重合，其效果与使用凹透镜是相同的，只是在光传播方向的长度会增 大， 使整个系统变得稍大。 更一般的， 聚焦光学元件和准直光学元件 并不限于本实施例中使用的凸透镜或凹透镜，例如聚焦光学元件还可 能是一个或多个反射镜使多束激光光束聚焦，准直光学元件则可以是 菲涅尔透镜， 总之只要能够实现相同的功能就属于本专利的保护范 围。 实施例二：
图 5为实施例二的激光光源的结构示意图。 与实施例一不同的， 本实施例中激光光源还包括位于准直光学元件 44与积分棒 46之间的 角分布控制元件 45 , 用于将入射的二次激光光束会聚或发散以形成 预定角分布。
在本实施例中， 角分布控制元件 45是复眼透镜 45 , 该复眼透镜 45 包括微透镜阵列， 每个微透镜能将入射的二次激光光束会聚或发 散以形成预定角分布。 微透镜阵列的工作原理如图 6所示。 图 6中， 复眼透镜左侧的光线为入射光， 即准直的二次激光光束阵列， 该入射 光经过每一个微透镜 451后现聚焦然后发散， 其发散角会增大， 其增 大后的角分布是连续分布。 例如对于球面镜的微透镜 451来说， 角分 布为余弦的负三次方分布。通过对微透镜 451的曲面的设计， 则可以 实现朗伯分布。 图 6中微透镜是凸透镜， 所以可以将二次激光光束会 聚；实际上微透镜也可以使凹透镜，这样就可以将二次激光光束发散， 但同样可以实现预定的角分布。
应用本实施例，不仅可以如实施例一那样实现激光光源输出光均 匀的面分布， 而且还可以实现对角分布的准确控制。 这是因为二次激 光光束阵列的角分布范围很小，基本为平行光， 而积分棒又不改变角 分布（锥形积分棒虽然改变角分布的范围，但是并不改变角分布的形 态。 例如入射光为余弦分布， 角度范围是 -30度至 30度； 使用锥形积 分棒后出射光的角度范围可能被放大至 -40度至 40度，但其光分布仍 为余弦分布）， 因此激光光源的出射光的角分布完全取决于角分布控 制元件 45的设计。例如本实施例中只需要设计好复眼透镜 45中微透 镜的形貌就可以实现想要的角分布。
除了复眼透镜外， 角分布控制元件还可以是散光片，衍射光学元 件（利用衍射作用调整入射光的相位以实现预想的光分布）等， 本发 明并不做限制。
优选的， 积分棒 46的光入口紧贴角分布控制元件 45 , 这是为了 减少从角分布控制元件 45 出射光的截面积的扩大而造成对光学扩展 量的扩大。
在实际应用中发明人发现， 角分布控制元件 45距离准直光学元 件 44的距离并不是越近越好。 当两者之间保持适当的距离， 使得二 次激光光束阵列入射到角分布控制元件 45上时相邻的二次激光光束 形成的光斑存在交叠，此时二次激光光束连成一片，这对后端的出射 光的面分布有帮助。
值得注意的是，应用本实施例虽然可以控制激光光源的发光角分 布，但是相对于实施例一则会增大光学扩展量，在使用时要考虑系统 对于光学扩展量的需求。
前面已经提到，通过控制角分布控制元件复眼透镜中微透镜的曲 面可以控制激光输出的角分布，另一方面，即使微透镜的曲面确定了， 也可以通过控制每一个微透镜的外形控制角分布。图 7显示了一个复 眼透镜的举例， 其中每一个微透镜为长方形， 两个边长分别为 D^。
D2。 二次激光光束阵列经过这样的微透镜后沿长方形两个边方向上 的发散角度不同， 发散角之比约为 D1 :D2, 这样就可以得到一个长方 形的光锥。 当然， 透镜也可以是正方形的， 也可以是正六边形的。 正六边形微透镜的好处在于其发光光锥接近于圓锥，在很多场合有应 用。
本发明还提出一种波长转换光源， 包括上述的激光光源； 还包括 波长转换装置，用于接收激光光源发出的光并发射受激光。 由于激光 光源出射光具有均勾的面分布，使得波长转换装置各个被激发的位置 有相同的热负荷， 这样对于波长转换装置的光转换效率有帮助。
本发明还提出一种合光光源， 包括上述的激光光源；还包括波长 转换光源，该波长转换光源包括激发光源和波长转换装置， 波长转换 装置吸收激发光源发出的激发光并发射受激光；还包括合光装置，激 光光源发射的光和波长转换光源发射的受激光从不同方向入射于合 光装置并经合光装置合为一束出射。
由于波长转换光源发射的受激光一般是朗伯分布，该受激光与激 光直接合光的话会由于光分布不同而出现不均匀的现象。由于本发明 的激光光源发光的角分布和面分布都可以精确控制 ,只要控制其角分 布和面分布分别与受激光的角分布和面分布相同，就可以实现这两者 的均匀合光。
本发明还提出一种投影显示装置， 包括上述的激光光源。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施方式，并非因此限制本发明的专利范 围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变 换， 或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域， 均同理包括在本发明 的专利保护范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种激光光源， 包括：
激光光源阵列， 用于产生准直的一次激光光束阵列；
位于所述激光光源阵列后端依次排列的聚焦光学元件和准直光学 元件， 所述一次激光光束阵列依次经过聚焦光学元件和准直光学元件后 形成准直的二次激光光束阵列， 二次激光光束阵列中的二次激光光束的 间距小于一次激光光束阵列中的一次激光光束的间距；
位于准直光学元件后端的积分棒， 用于接收二次激光光束阵列并使 其均匀化。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的激光光源， 其特征在于：
所述聚焦光学元件为凸透镜， 所述准直光学元件为凸透镜或凹透 镜， 聚焦光学元件和准直光学元件的焦点重合。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的激光光源， 其特征在于：
所述积分棒的光入口紧贴所述准直光学元件。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的激光光源， 其特征在于：
还包括位于准直光学元件与积分棒之间的角分布控制元件， 用于将 入射的二次激光光束会聚或发散以形成预定角分布。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的激光光源， 其特征在于：
所述积分棒的光入口紧贴所述角分布控制元件。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的激光光源， 其特征在于：
所述角分布控制元件距离准直光学元件适当的距离， 使得所述二次 激光光束阵列入射到角分布控制元件上时相邻的二次激光光束形成的 光斑存在交叠。
7、 根据权利要求 4所述的激光光源， 其特征在于：
所述角分布控制元件是复眼透镜， 该复眼透镜包括微透镜阵列， 每 个微透镜能将入射的二次激光光束会聚或发散以形成预定角分布。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的激光光源， 其特征在于：
所述复眼透镜的每个微透镜为正方形、 长方形或正六边形。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的激光光源， 其特征在于：
所述激光光源阵列由激光元件阵列和准直透镜阵列组成， 其中每个 准直透镜对应于一个激光元件， 用于对该激光元件发出的激光进行准 直。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的激光光源， 其特征在于：
所述激光元件的发光位置沿激光传播的方向偏离与其对应的准直 透镜的焦点。
11、 一种波长转换光源， 其特征在于， 包括：
根据权利要求 1至 10任一项所述的激光光源；
波长转换装置， 用于接收所述激光光源发出的光并发射受激光。
12、 一种合光光源， 其特征在于， 包括：
根据权利要求 1至 10任一项所述的激光光源；
波长转换光源， 该波长转换光源包括激发光源和波长转换装置， 波 长转换装置吸收激发光源发出的激发光并发射受激光；
合光装置， 所述激光光源发射的光和所述波长转换光源发射的受激 光从不同方向入射于合光装置并经合光装置合为一束出射。
13、 一种投影显示装置， 其特征在于： 包括权利要求 1至 10任一项所 述的激光光源。
PCT/CN2014/071523 2013-02-04 2014-01-27 激光光源、波长转换光源、合光光源和投影显示装置 WO2014117703A1 (zh)

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