WO2014117620A1 - 一种弹性塑料地板及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种弹性塑料地板及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014117620A1
WO2014117620A1 PCT/CN2013/091014 CN2013091014W WO2014117620A1 WO 2014117620 A1 WO2014117620 A1 WO 2014117620A1 CN 2013091014 W CN2013091014 W CN 2013091014W WO 2014117620 A1 WO2014117620 A1 WO 2014117620A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
wear
surface layer
manufacturing
sheet material
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PCT/CN2013/091014
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
戴中友
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仙居县德忆装饰材料有限公司
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Publication of WO2014117620A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014117620A1/zh
Priority to US14/813,149 priority Critical patent/US20150328873A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/16—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating
    • B32B37/18—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of discrete sheets or panels only
    • B32B37/182—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of discrete sheets or panels only one or more of the layers being plastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0012—Mechanical treatment, e.g. roughening, deforming, stretching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0012—Mechanical treatment, e.g. roughening, deforming, stretching
    • B32B2038/0028—Stretching, elongating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51—Elastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
    • B32B2309/08—Dimensions, e.g. volume
    • B32B2309/10—Dimensions, e.g. volume linear, e.g. length, distance, width
    • B32B2309/105—Thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
    • B32B2309/14—Velocity, e.g. feed speeds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • B32B2419/04—Tiles for floors or walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2471/00—Floor coverings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0004—Cutting, tearing or severing, e.g. bursting; Cutter details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/06—Embossing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/107—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of building materials, and more particularly to an elastic plastic floor and a method of manufacturing the same. Background technique
  • the existing PVC floor is produced by lamination technology.
  • the whole product has four layers: wear layer, color film layer, glass fiber layer, stone plastic bottom layer.
  • the four materials are cut into pieces and then pressed.
  • Layer-one glass fiber layer-one color film layer-one wear-resisting layer-one-separation layer-one-mold layer in the order of layering on the press, heating to 120 °C -150 °C and pressing 40 -60 minutes, after cooling, carry out the press layer by layer, and then cool it at room temperature for 24 hours before punching into a plate. It not only takes time and labor, but also consumes a lot of energy.
  • the floor embossing is produced, and the three-dimensional feeling is weak.
  • the conventional PVC foam floor is simply a layer of PVC plastic finished floor on the foam board. The product does not have much advantage. Instead, it adds layers, a total of 5 layers, which also increases the cost.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an elastic plastic floor produced by the embossing rolling technology and a manufacturing method thereof, thereby overcoming the prior art, such as low production efficiency, high production energy consumption, low product aesthetics, and unstable physical properties. , the defects of low product quality.
  • the present invention provides an elastic plastic floor, which is composed of a wear resistant surface layer and The sheet metal layer is composited, and the wear-resistant surface layer is formed by heat-sealing the wear layer and the color layer. Further, the sheet layer is PVC plastic.
  • the sheet layer is a wood board.
  • the manufacturing method of the elastic plastic floor comprises the following steps:
  • Step A the plate is shaped, that is, the plate is placed in a high temperature oven;
  • step B the plate after the step A is cooled and shaped;
  • Step C Glue and rubber roller are heated, and the plate after the step B is shaped and coated, and the wear-resistant surface layer is pasted and rolled and laminated.
  • the temperature of the oven in the step A is 100 ° C to 120 ° C, and the length of the oven is 5 to 10 meters.
  • the ambient temperature water circulation is used for cooling.
  • step B is used for setting the length of the shaping table to be 5 meters.
  • the glue is heated to 135 ° C, and the rubber roller is heated to 150 ° C.
  • the wear-resistant surface layer in the step c is respectively pulled out by the roll-shaped wear-resistant layer and the colored layer, and preheated by the preheating roll, and then laminated by the heating roll, and then passed through the mold roll and
  • the rubber roller is relatively rolled into an embossed pattern, and then cooled by a cooling roller at about 20 °C.
  • the mold roll is a steel roll.
  • the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: the wear-resistant layer and the colored layer of the floor are heat-bonded into one surface by a rolling technology. The layers are then applied directly to the board to form the floor. The product is divided into three layers, the process is simple, waterproof and fireproof, formaldehyde-free, and has the advantages of simple paving, good sound insulation, clear relief lines, high production efficiency and low production energy consumption. detailed description
  • the elastic plastic floor of the invention is composed of a wear-resistant surface layer and a plate layer, and the wear-resistant layer is heat-bonded by the wear-resistant layer and the colored layer.
  • the sheet layer may be a plastic sheet or a wooden board.
  • Step A the oven temperature is set to 100 °C ⁇ 120 °C, the oven length is 5 ⁇ 10 meters, the oven width is 1.3 meters, the height is 1.2 meters, the inner height of the box is 0.3 meters, the wire mesh conveyor belt, the frequency conversion motor drive
  • the maximum speed is 50 meters per minute.
  • the temperature can be determined according to the thickness of the plate.
  • the normal production speed is 30 meters per minute.
  • the oven can be used for electric heating. The whole machine has a power of 25KW. After entering the oven, it enters the cold water setting table.
  • Step B The length of the shaping table for setting is 5 meters, the width is 1.5 meters, the internal filling is cold water at room temperature, the stainless steel mesh is transported, and the frequency conversion motor is driven. After the cold water is shaped, the water is blown dry by the fan and used. The normal production speed is 30 meters per minute.
  • the function is to shape the heat during extrusion. Plastic is a material with strong thermal sensitivity. It will shrink when it is exposed to the sun or low temperature, and the shape will be contracted. The performance stability of the board is much higher than that of ordinary PVC plastic floor.
  • Step C glue, rubber roller heating, the plate after the step B is shaped and coated with a wear-resistant surface layer, rolled and pressed.
  • the above-mentioned slitted wear-resistant surface layer is placed on a high-speed laminating machine, and then the glue is heated to 135 ° C, the rubber roller is heated to about 150-160 ° C, and the knife is heated to 135 degrees.
  • the sheet is glued to the rolling equipment after being glued by a rubber roller.
  • the glue can also be applied to the wear-resistant surface layer, and the wear-resistant surface layer is applied, and then rolled and pressed.
  • the rolling equipment is 6 meters long. The thickness of the sheet is adjusted to the height during production. It can be continuously fed into the board to ensure that there is no gap between the board and the board to avoid waste of the wear surface layer.
  • the speed of the laminating machine can be adjusted to 30-40 meters per minute, and the two-plate two-rolled wear surface can be operated at the same time, and the efficiency is higher. After rolling and pressing, it can enter the UV paint on the paint roller, and then enter the curing machine to solidify the surface paint. The whole process is produced in one assembly line.
  • the affixed floor can be sawed into strips according to different size requirements and then slotted, and opened into various types of buckles.
  • the wear-resistant surface layer, the wear-resistant layer and the color-grain layer in step C are all made of plastic material, and can be heat-bonded together by the non-adhesive rolling technology, and the roll-shaped wear-resistant layer and the colored layer are locked on the heat bonding machine.
  • Each single-layer pull-out bag is preheated in a preheating roll, and then matured by a heating roll.
  • a heating roll When the two-layer material is matured to a certain extent, it is naturally heated into a layer, and then rolled into a relief pattern by a mold roll and a rubber roll.
  • the mold roller is cooled by cold water, and then the cooling roller is cooled.
  • the diameter of the cooling roller is 50 cm.
  • the water temperature can be used at room temperature.
  • the cold water tower can be used to recycle water to save water.
  • the blade is used to repair the burrs and wind up.
  • the whole machine is driven by a speed-regulating motor, and the speed is 30-60 meters per minute, which is very simple.
  • Each preheating roll is temperature set according to the thickness of the wear layer.
  • the wear layer is selected to have a thickness of 0.3 mm, and the preheat roll temperature is set at 160 °C - 170 °C:.
  • the color layer is selected to be 0.07MM, and the preheating roller temperature setting is selected from 110°C to 130°C:.
  • the preheating temperature is adjusted according to the thickness of the product, the oil content and the indoor temperature. After the wear-resistant surface layer is completed, it can be cut into small rolls according to the width of the floor and ready for use.
  • the production capacity is more than 4,000 square meters per hour, which is 10 times higher than the laminated PVC plastic floor.
  • the entire assembly line can only be equipped with 3 workers. It can save 80% and save energy consumption by more than 70%.
  • the fit is firm and the shrinkage rate is small, which is suitable for mass production.
  • This heat fit is suitable for plastic materials. Its production principle is based on the heat compatibility between plastics. It is different from conventional wood composite flooring.
  • the embossed surface of the wear-resistant surface layer of the invention is a rolling technology, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer is generally 0.3-0.5 ⁇ m thick, and the color-grain layer is 0.7 ⁇ m thick. Due to the thin material, it is softened by temperature when glue-free. Very embossed, the two-roller pressing can be pressed into place quickly according to the shape of the mold roll. The finished product is very realistic, the mold is simple, and the ordinary PVC plastic floor is laminated technology, the thickness is normally 4 to 5 meters.
  • the press can not be too hot, the material softening is not enough, plus the number of layers is too large, the pressure is not in place, the mold is in the form of a sheet, several layers of the mold are placed on several floors, the texture is uneven after pressing, lacking the three-dimensional sense, the pattern is blurred.
  • the combination of the plastic wear surface layer of the invention and the PVC foam board can have the following advantages:
  • Light weight conventionally 0.8-1.0, because light weight has very low load-bearing requirements for buildings, which can be neglected. It can reduce transportation cost by 40%-50% in transportation than conventional PVC flooring.
  • the proportion of plastic PVC foamed floor is 1.7-2.0, and that of plastic floor is 2.0.
  • the physical properties are stable.
  • the PVC foamed sheet has been shaped by the high temperature of the oven. In the physical property test, it is baked in an oven at 80 degrees for 12 hours. The shrinkage is less than 0.1% and there is no shrinkage in the transverse direction. The dimensional stability is much higher than that. PVC plastic floor.
  • the cost is lower than the existing PVC floor, because the production is all assembly line, can be mass-produced, the material is two layers less than the existing PVC floor (glass fiber layer, PVC bottom layer). Simple structure.
  • the color is diverse, the color layer can be customized according to the requirements of wood grain, stone grain, steel grain pattern, carpet pattern, and so on, and the color is highly resistant.
  • the invention has high production efficiency, low production energy consumption, clearer surface embossing and three-dimensional sensation, better product quality, safety and convenience, no formaldehyde and stable performance.
  • the wear-resistant surface layer of the invention can be made of PVC plastic or other plastics.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种弹性塑料地板，由耐磨面层和板材层复合而成，所述耐磨面层由耐磨层和彩纹层热贴合而成；所述板材层为PVC塑料或者木质板材；以及一种弹性塑料地板的制造方法包括以下步骤：步骤A、板材定型，即将所述板材放在高温烤箱中定型；步骤B、将所述步骤A处理后的板材冷却定型；步骤C、胶水、胶辊加温，将经所述步骤B定型处理后的板材涂胶后贴上所述耐磨面层，滚压贴合。本发明通过滚压技术将地板的耐磨层和彩纹层热合为一个表面层，然后直接贴合到板材上加工成地板。产品共分为三层，工序简便，防水防火，无甲醛，且具有铺装简单，隔音效果好，浮雕纹路清晰，生产效率高，生产能耗低等优点。

Description

Figure imgf000002_0001
一种弹性塑料地板及其制造方法 技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料领域，具体地说涉及一种弹性塑料地板及其 制造方法。 背景技术
现有 PVC地板是利用层压技术生产，整个产品共有四层：耐磨层, 彩膜层， 玻璃纤维层， 石塑底料层， 生产时将四种材料裁剪成片状再 按照，底料层一一玻璃纤维层一一彩膜层一一耐磨层一一分离层一一 模具层这样的顺序一层一层叠放在压机上， 加温到 120 °C -150 °C并压 制 40-60分钟， 冷却后一层一层搬出压机， 再经过常温冷却 24小时后 再冲切成板。 不仅费时人工多， 而且能耗高， 生产出来的地板压紋模 糊， 立体感弱。 而常规 PVC发泡地板只不过是在发泡板上贴了一层 PVC塑胶成品地板， 其产品没有多大优点， 反而增加了层数， 共 5层， 也增加了成本。
在物理性能上， 现有 PVC塑胶地板主要是热涨冷缩不稳定， 在夏 天阳光照射下温度升高而造成铺好的地板中间热涨拱起，而冬天气温 降低， 铺好的地板收缩会拉开锁扣， 造成开裂严重引响美观度， 这是 所有 PVC地板的通病。 发明内容
(一）要解决的技术问题
本发明要解决的问题是提供一种通过浮雕滚压技术生产的弹性 塑料地板及其制造方法， 以克服现有技术中生产效率低下、 生产能耗 高， 产品美观度不强， 物理性能不稳定， 产品质量不高的缺陷。
(二）技术方案 为达到上述目的， 本发明提供一种弹性塑料地板， 由耐磨面层和 板材层复合而成， 所述耐磨面层由耐磨层和彩紋层热贴合而成。 进一步地， 所述板材层为 PVC塑料。
进一步地， 所述板材层为木质板材。
弹性塑料地板的制造方法， 包括以下步骤：
步骤 A、 板材定型， 即将所述板材放在高温烤箱中定型； 步骤 B、 将所述步骤 A处理后的板材冷却定型；
步骤 C、 胶水、 胶辊加温， 将经所述步骤 B定型处理后的板材涂 胶后贴上所述耐磨面层， 滚压贴合。
进一步地， 所述步骤 A中的烤箱温度为 100°C~120°C , 所述烤箱 长度 5~10米。
进一步地， 所述步骤 B中使用常温水循环冷却。
进一步地， 所述步骤 B用于定型的定型台长度为 5米。
进一步地， 所述步骤 C中胶水加温至 135 °C , 胶辊加温至 150 °C
~160°C。
进一步地， 所述步骤 c 中的耐磨面层， 是由卷状耐磨层和彩紋 层分别拉出经预热辊预热后、 通过加热辊熟化热压贴合， 再经过模具 辊及橡胶辊相对滚压成浮雕紋， 然后以 20°C左右水经冷却辊冷却。
进一步地， 所述模具辊为钢辊。
(三）有益效果
与现有技术相比， 本发明的技术方案具有以下优点： 与现有技术 相比， 本发明的技术方案具有以下优点： 通过滚压技术将地板的耐磨 层和彩紋层热合为一个表面层， 然后直接贴合到板材上加工成地板。 产品共分为三层， 工序简便， 防水防火， 无甲醛， 且具有铺装简单， 隔音效果好， 浮雕紋路清晰， 生产效率高， 生产能耗低等优点。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细 描述。 以下实施例用于说明本发明， 但不用来限制本发明的范围。 本发明的弹性塑料地板， 由耐磨面层和板材层复合而成， 耐磨层 由耐磨层和彩紋层热贴合而成。 板材层可以是塑料板材或者木质板 一种弹性塑料地板的制造方法， 包括以下步骤：
步骤 A、 烤箱温度设定为 100°C~120°C , 烤箱长度 5~10米， 烤 箱宽度 1.3米， 高度 1.2米， 箱体内部高度 0.3米， 钢丝网输运带， 变频调速电机驱动， 最高转速每分种 50米， 受温时间可根据板材厚 度而定，正常生产速度每分种 30米，烤箱可用电热，整机功率 25KW, 出烤箱后进入冷水定型台。
步骤 B、 用于定型的定型台长度为 5米， 宽度 1.5米， 内部加注 常温冷水， 不锈钢网输送， 变频调速电机驱动， 板材经冷水定型后通 过风机把水吹干， 待用。 正常生产速度每分种 30米， 作用是把挤出 成形时的热拉伸定型， 塑料是热感性很强的材料， 通过太阳照后或低 温环境会发生热胀也会收缩，而定型后的板材性能稳定性要远远高于 普通 PVC塑胶地板。
步骤 C、 胶水、 胶辊加温， 将经步骤 B定型处理后的板材涂胶后 贴上耐磨面层， 滚压压合。
具体为： 将上述分切好的一卷耐磨面层放在高速贴合机上， 然后 将胶水加温到 135 °C , 胶辊加热到 150-160°C左右， 括刀加热到 135 度，板材经过胶辊涂胶后输送到滚压设备上， 也可把胶涂到耐磨面层 上， 贴上耐磨面层， 然后经过滚压压合。 滚压设备长 6米， 生产时视 板材厚度调好高度， 可以连续不断地进板， 保证板与板之间没有任何 空隙， 避免造成耐磨面层的浪费。 贴合机速度可以调成 30-40米每分 钟， 可两片板两卷耐磨面同时操作， 效率更高。 滚压压合后可进入滚 漆机上 UV漆， 然后进固化机把表面油漆固化， 整套工序在一条流水 线生产。 贴好的地板， 可根据不同的尺寸要求锯成条状然后开槽， 以 及开成各种需要的扣型。 步骤 C 中的耐磨面层， 耐磨层和彩紋层均为塑料材质， 可用无 胶滚压技术热贴在一起， 将卷状耐磨层和彩紋层放在热贴合机上锁 定， 每样单层拉出包在预热辊预热， 再通过加热辊熟化， 当二层材料 熟化到一定程度后自然热融为一层，再经过模具辊和橡胶辊相对滚压 成浮雕紋， 其中模具辊通冷水定型， 然后冷却辊冷却， 冷却辊直径 50 公分， 水温可用常温水就可， 可用冷水塔循环水以节约用水， 定 型后用刀片修掉毛边， 收卷。 整机用调速电机带动， 速度每分钟为 30-60米， 非常简便。
各预热辊根据耐磨层的厚度进行温度设定。
以 0.37MM的耐磨面层为例：
耐磨层选厚度为 0.3MM, 其预热辊温度设定选在 160 °C-170°C：。 彩紋层选 0.07MM, 其预热辊温度设定选在 110°C-130°C：。
实际生产时根据产品的厚度， 油份及室内温度来调整预热温度。 耐磨面层做好后， 可根据地板宽度分切成小卷， 待用。
用 1.3米宽幅的耐磨层和彩紋层生产，其生产能力为每小时 4000 多平米， 比层压 PVC塑胶地板高出 10倍的产能， 整条流水线仅配 3 个工人即可， 人工可节约 80%, 能耗节约 70%以上。 贴合牢固， 收 缩率小， 适于大规模生产。
此热贴合适合塑料材质，它的生产原理是靠塑料之间受热相溶而 成， 跟常规木制复合地板完全要高温高压是不同的。
本发明耐磨面层浮雕紋为滚压技术， 耐磨层厚度一般为 0.3-0.5 亳米厚， 彩紋层为 0.7亳米厚， 由于材质薄， 在无胶贴合时受温软化， 可非常压紋， 两辊对压根据模具辊造形可一次快速的压到位， 成品立 体感非常逼真， 模具简单， 而普通 PVC塑胶地板为层压技术， 厚度 正常为 4亳米到 5亳米，在压机上不能受太高温，材料软化程度不够， 加上层数多， 压力不到位， 模具为片状， 几层地板就放几层模具， 压 后紋路高低不平， 缺少立体感， 紋跟模糊。 本发明塑料耐磨面层跟 PVC发泡板材结合可以有以下优点：
1、 比重轻， 常规为 0.8-1.0, 因为轻体对建筑物的承重要求非常 低， 基本可以忽略， 在运输上可以比常规 PVC地板多装 40%-50%减 少了运输成本， 现有贴塑胶 PVC发泡地板比重为 1.7-2.0,塑胶地板为 2.0。
2、 物理性能稳定， PVC发泡板材已通过烤箱高温定型， 在物理 性能试验中， 放到 80度烤箱烤 12小时， 其收缩性少于 0.1%横向没 有收缩， 尺寸稳定性要远远高于 PVC塑胶地板。
3、 成本要比现有 PVC地板低， 因为生产全部为流水线， 可批量 生产，材料上比现有 PVC地板少了二层 (玻璃纤维层， PVC底料层 )。 结构简单。
4、 色彩多样， 彩紋层可根据要求定制木紋， 石紋， 钢板紋， 地 毯紋， 等等， 而且色彩防真度高。
5、 具有塑料地板的各种性能， 防火， 防水， 防腐蚀， 防虫蛀， 无甲醛等优点。
本发明生产效率高，生产耗能低，表面浮雕更清晰更具有立体感， 产品质量更好， 安全方便无甲醛， 性能稳定。
本发明所述耐磨面层材质可用 PVC塑料， 也可用其它塑料。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式， 应当指出， 对于本技术领 域的普通技术人员来说， 在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下， 还可以 做出若干改进和润饰， 这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种弹性塑料地板， 其特征在于， 由耐磨面层和板材层复合 而成， 所述耐磨面层由耐磨层和彩紋层热贴合而成。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的弹性塑料地板， 其特征在于， 所述板材 层为 PVC塑料。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的弹性塑料地板， 其特征在于， 所述板材 层为木质板材。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的弹性塑料地板的制造方法， 其特征在于， 包括以下步骤：
步骤 A、 板材定型， 即将所述板材放在高温烤箱中定型； 步骤 B、 将所述步骤 A处理后的板材冷却定型；
步骤 C、 胶水、 胶辊加温， 将经所述步骤 B定型处理后的板材涂 胶后贴上所述耐磨面层， 滚压贴合。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的制造方法， 其特征在于， 所述步骤 A中 的烤箱温度为 100°C~120 °C , 所述烤箱长度 5~10米。
6、 如权利要求 4所述的制造方法， 其特征在于， 所述步骤 B中 使用常温水循环冷却。
7、 如权利要求 4所述的制造方法， 其特征在于， 所述步骤 B用 于定型的定型台长度为 5米。
8、 如权利要求 4所述的制造方法， 其特征在于， 所述步骤 C中 胶水加温至 135 °C , 胶辊加温至 150°C~160°C。
9、 如权利要求 4所述的制造方法， 其特征在于， 所述步骤 C中 的耐磨面层， 是由卷状耐磨层和彩紋层分别拉出经预热辊预热后、 通 过加热辊熟化热压贴合， 再经过模具辊及橡胶辊相对滚压成浮雕紋， 然后以 20 °C左右水经冷却辊冷却。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的制造方法， 其特征在于， 所述模具辊为 钢辊。
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