WO2014112115A1 - 浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法 - Google Patents
浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014112115A1 WO2014112115A1 PCT/JP2013/051052 JP2013051052W WO2014112115A1 WO 2014112115 A1 WO2014112115 A1 WO 2014112115A1 JP 2013051052 W JP2013051052 W JP 2013051052W WO 2014112115 A1 WO2014112115 A1 WO 2014112115A1
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- Prior art keywords
- floating
- generator
- wind turbine
- floating wind
- turbine generator
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/107—Semi-submersibles; Small waterline area multiple hull vessels and the like, e.g. SWATH
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/50—Maintenance or repair
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
- B63B39/02—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by displacement of masses
- B63B39/03—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by displacement of masses by transferring liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/40—Arrangements or methods specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0264—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for stopping; controlling in emergency situations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
- F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
- F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/28—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being a pump or a compressor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/30—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/32—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on moving objects, e.g. vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/04—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull
- B63B2001/044—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull with a small waterline area compared to total displacement, e.g. of semi-submersible type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
- B63B2001/128—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising underwater connectors between the hulls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
- B63B2021/505—Methods for installation or mooring of floating offshore platforms on site
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
- B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a maintenance method for a floating wind power generator in which a wind power generator is installed on a floating body.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose a method of towing a pre-assembled floating wind power generator to a predetermined position on the water. Such a floating wind power generator is normally maintained in a state where the floating body is moored at a predetermined position on the water.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a method of sinking a tower of a wind power generator and landing it on the seabed during maintenance.
- Patent Documents 5 and 6 disclose a configuration in which a tower of a wind turbine generator is submerged in a spar during maintenance.
- the floating wind power generator has low work stability during maintenance because the floating body shakes due to the influence of the surrounding environment such as wind and waves.
- the floating wind turbine generator when the floating wind turbine generator is installed in a place with excellent wind conditions, the wind speed is relatively high, so that the waves are also increased.
- maintenance work on the water becomes even more difficult. Therefore, there is a need for a technique that allows maintenance work regardless of ambient environmental conditions such as wind and waves.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 only describe a towing method for a floating wind turbine generator, and do not disclose any maintenance method for the floating wind turbine generator.
- Patent Documents 4 to 6 only disclose a configuration in which a tower is moved downward in order to facilitate maintenance work at a high place when maintenance of a floating wind turbine generator is performed offshore. It is not a structure that takes into account the sway.
- An object of at least one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a maintenance method for a floating wind turbine generator that can perform maintenance work regardless of ambient environmental conditions such as wind and waves.
- a maintenance method of a floating wind turbine generator includes: a wind generator installed on a floating body moored at a mooring position by a mooring line; and supplying power generated by the wind power generator to a cable
- a maintenance method for a floating wind turbine generator configured to perform a separation step of separating the mooring line and the cable from the floating body of the first floating wind turbine generator having a maintenance target part, and A holding step for holding the mooring line and the cable in a floating structure; a first moving step for moving the first floating wind power generator from the mooring position after the disconnecting step; A second moving step of moving the second floating wind turbine generator that does not have to the mooring position; , After the second moving step, detaching the mooring lines and the cable from the floating construction, characterized in that it comprises a connection step of connecting to said second floating wind turbine generator.
- the “floating structure” includes structures that float and float on the water surface.
- the “mooring position” is
- the first floating wind turbine generator having the maintenance target part is moved from the mooring position, and the second floating wind power generator not having the maintenance target part is moved to the mooring position.
- large-scale maintenance work that is not suitable for maintenance at the mooring position of the wind turbine generator can be performed at another location. That is, under a more stable work environment, such as when the surrounding environment conditions such as wind and waves are calmer than the mooring position (for example, the coast) or on the land (for example, a dock), or in a state where the shore is attached to the quay. Maintenance can be performed. Therefore, the floating wind turbine generator can be maintained regardless of the ambient environmental conditions at the mooring position of the wind turbine generator.
- the first floating wind turbine generator and the second floating wind turbine generator may be the same or different.
- a maintenance step is further performed for obtaining the second floating wind turbine generator by performing maintenance on the first floating wind turbine generator.
- this wind turbine generator is returned to the mooring position as the second floating wind turbine generator, so that the alternative to the floating wind turbine generator is not assumed.
- Wind power generation system can be operated. That is, it is possible to operate the wind power generation system while suppressing the equipment cost.
- the wind power generation system here is an aggregate of at least one floating wind power generation apparatus.
- the second floating wind turbine generator different from the first floating wind turbine generator is moved to the mooring position.
- another second floating wind turbine generator is moved to the mooring position, so that the first floating wind turbine generator can be operated even during the maintenance of the first floating wind turbine generator.
- a two-floor wind power generator can be operated. Therefore, the equipment operation rate of the wind power generation system can be improved.
- the second floating wind power generator may be a wind power generator that has been maintained after use, or may be an unused wind power generator.
- an operation confirmation step of confirming the operation of the second floating wind turbine generator at an operation confirmation place before the second movement step is further provided.
- the operation check is performed after the second floating wind turbine generator is moved to the mooring position, if there is a problem with the confirmation result, the second floating wind turbine generator may have to be returned to the maintenance location again. . Therefore, in the above embodiment, since the operation check is performed before the second floating wind turbine generator is moved to the mooring position, the second floating wind turbine generator is efficiently installed at the mooring position. be able to.
- the floating wind turbine generator includes a ballast pump for raising and lowering the floating body and a floating body control center for controlling the ballast pump, and the ballast pump and the floating body control center.
- a ballast pump for raising and lowering the floating body and a floating body control center for controlling the ballast pump
- the ballast pump and the floating body control center Is installed in the lower part of the tower of the wind power generator or in the floating body, and in the operation confirmation step, power is supplied from the power source to the ballast pump under the control of the floating body control center in the operation confirmation place, The ballast pump is operated to check the floating operation of the floating body. Thereby, before the second floating wind turbine generator is moved to the mooring position, it is possible to confirm the floating operation of the floating body of the wind power generator. Therefore, after the second floating wind turbine generator is installed at the mooring position.
- the ballast pump and the floating body control center are provided in the lower part of the tower of the wind power generator or in the floating body, it is possible to check the floating action of the floating body even before the wind power generator is completely assembled on the floating body. .
- an abnormality is found in the floating operation of the floating body after the wind power generator is completely assembled on the floating body, it may be necessary to partially disassemble the wind power generator.
- the floating body is checked before and after the wind generator is completely assembled on the floating body, disassembly of the wind generator can be minimized.
- the floating wind turbine generator includes an auxiliary machine for the wind power generator and an emergency control center for controlling the auxiliary machine.
- the operation check step the operation check is performed. At the place, power is supplied from the power source to the auxiliary machine under the control of the emergency control center, and the operation of the auxiliary machine is checked. This makes it possible to check the operation of the auxiliary machine of the wind power generator before moving the second floating wind power generator to the mooring position. It is possible to prevent a situation in which the second floating wind power generator is forced to move again to a maintenance place due to a malfunction of an auxiliary machine of the generator. Further, the operation of the auxiliary machine can be confirmed in a work environment that is more stable than the mooring position, and the efficiency of the operation confirmation work can be improved.
- the power source is a backup power source for supplying power to each part of the floating wind turbine generator in an emergency, and the floating wind turbine generator supplies fuel for power generation to the backup power source
- the operation confirmation step the power generation fuel is supplied from the fuel tank to the backup power source, and the operation of the backup power source is confirmed.
- the backup power supply before moving the second floating wind turbine generator to the mooring position. Therefore, after the second floating wind turbine generator is installed at the mooring position, Therefore, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the second floating wind power generator is forced to move again to the maintenance place.
- the operation of the backup power source can be confirmed in a work environment that is more stable than the mooring position, and the efficiency of the operation confirmation work can be improved.
- the floating wind power generator includes an internal power distribution network including a transformer and a switch provided between the generator of the wind power generator and the cable, and in the operation check step, The operation check of the internal power distribution network is performed at the operation check location. Accordingly, the operation of the internal power distribution network can be confirmed before the second floating wind power generator is moved to the mooring position. Therefore, after the second floating wind power generator is installed at the mooring position, It is possible to prevent a situation in which the second floating wind power generator is forced to move again to a maintenance place due to a problem. In addition, it is possible to confirm the operation of the internal power distribution network in a work environment that is more stable than the mooring position, and to improve the efficiency of the operation confirmation work.
- the floating wind power generator includes a pitch driving mechanism for changing a pitch angle of blades of the wind power generator, and the pitch driving mechanism installed in a nacelle of the wind power generator.
- a nacelle control center for controlling the equipment including, in the operation confirmation step, with the blade and the nacelle attached to the second floating wind power generator, from the power source under the control of the nacelle control center Electric power is supplied to the pitch driving mechanism, and the operation of the pitch driving mechanism is confirmed. Accordingly, since the operation of the pitch driving mechanism can be confirmed before the second floating wind power generator is moved to the mooring position, the pitch driving mechanism of the pitch driving mechanism is installed after the second floating wind power generating apparatus is installed at the mooring position.
- the blades of the first floating wind power generator are replaced while the first floating wind power generator is in contact with the quay. Since the blades of the first floating wind turbine generator are long, work efficiency is improved by replacing the blade with the first floating wind turbine generator in contact with the quay and stabilizing the floating body. In addition, a large crane can be used.
- the equipment constituting at least a part of the drive train of the first floating wind turbine generator is replaced with the first floating wind turbine generator in contact with a quay.
- the drive train of the first floating wind turbine generator is large and heavy, the device that constitutes at least a part of the drive train in a state where the floating body is stabilized by bringing the first float wind turbine generator into contact with the quay
- the work efficiency can be improved and a large crane can be used.
- the drive train is constituted by a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor, and includes a hydraulic transmission for transmitting rotational energy of a rotor of the wind power generator to a generator, and the device is the hydraulic pump. , At least one of the hydraulic motor and the generator.
- the first floating wind turbine generator is moved from the mooring position, and the second floating wind turbine generator that does not have the maintenance target site is moved to the mooring position. Maintenance of the floating wind turbine generator can be performed regardless of the surrounding environmental conditions. Moreover, when moving the first floating wind power generator, when mooring the second floating wind power generator by separating the mooring lines and cables from the floating body and holding them in the floating structure, The mooring line and cable can be easily connected to the floating body.
- FIG. 1 It is the perspective view which showed the state in which the floating type wind power generator in one Embodiment of this invention was moored on the sea. It is the side view which visually recognized the floating-type wind power generator of FIG. 1 from the side. It is a side view which shows the apparatus structural example of the floating type wind power generator which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a lineblock diagram showing the electric system of the floating type wind power generator concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining the maintenance method of the floating type wind power generator concerning one embodiment of the present invention, and is a figure showing the state where the 1st floating type wind power generator is cut off from a mooring line.
- the floating wind turbine generator 1 provided on the ocean is illustrated, but the installation location of the floating wind turbine generator 1 is not limited to the ocean, and may be on the water such as on a lake or a river. Any may be used.
- the floating wind power generator 1 having the semi-sub floating body 10 is shown as an example of the floating wind power generator 1, but the floating wind power generator having another floating body such as a spar type. It can also be applied to.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which a floating wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention is moored on the sea.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the floating wind power generator of FIG. 1 viewed from the side.
- FIG. 3 is a side view showing a device configuration example of a floating wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing an electrical system of a floating wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the floating wind turbine generator 1 includes a floating body 10 that floats on a water surface and a wind power generator 2 that is erected on the floating body 10.
- the wind power generator 2 supports at least one blade 3 that rotates by receiving wind, a hub 4 to which the blade 3 is attached, a nacelle 6 to which the hub 4 is rotatably attached, and a nacelle 6. And a tower 8 to be used.
- the nacelle 6 may be capable of yaw turning with respect to the tower 8. In the case of a typical upwind wind turbine, the nacelle 6 turns so that the blade 3 is oriented to the windward side according to the wind direction. Then, the blade 3 that receives the wind rotates to generate power by the generator.
- a specific configuration example of the devices constituting the wind power generator 2 will be described later.
- the floating body 10 has three columnar columns 12, 14, 16 arranged at the vertex positions of a virtual triangle in plan view, and is a long length that connects the first column 12 and the second column 14. And a long second lower hull 22 that connects the first column 12 and the third column 16 to each other.
- the floating body 10 is formed in a substantially V shape in plan view by the three columns 12, 14, 16 and the two lower halves 20, 22.
- the platform 9 is provided in the upper surface of the 1st column 12 located in the center of the substantially V shape in planar view, and the wind power generator 2 mentioned above is installed on the platform 9.
- first lower hull 20 and the second lower hull 22 intersect at a right angle, and the vertex position of a virtual right isosceles triangle that is symmetrical with respect to the bisector of the intersection angle between the first lower hull 20 and the second lower hull 22
- the above-described three columns 12, 14, 16 may be arranged.
- the lower hulls 20 and 22 are illustrated as connecting portions that connect the first column 12 and the second column 14, and the first column 12 and the third column 16, respectively.
- the connecting portions are limited to this. It is not a thing.
- the floating body 10 may further include a third lower hull that connects the second column 14 and the third column 16.
- the first lower hull 20 and the second lower hull 22 may be connected by a reinforcing beam member.
- At least one ballast chamber 27 for storing ballast water is formed inside the floating body 10, that is, inside the columns 12, 14, 16 or the lower hulls 20, 22, as shown in FIG. .
- a plurality of ballast chambers 27 may be provided.
- the pump chamber 28 may be provided in the floating body 10 or the tower 8 lower part, and the ballast pump 29 for making the floating body 10 float and sink by pouring water into each ballast chamber 27 is arrange
- position of the floating body 10 are adjusted by adjusting the ballast water amount in the ballast chamber 27 suitably.
- a plurality of mooring lines 30 connected to an anchor 25 fixed to the bottom E may be connected to the floating body 10 in a catenary shape so as to draw a suspension curve.
- the floating body 10 is anchored on the sea by the anchor 25 and the mooring line 30 while resisting the drifting force and the rotational moment acting on the floating body 10.
- the floating body side end of the mooring line 30 is fixed to the floating body 10 by the fixing portion.
- the support structure for the floating body 10 at the floating body side end of the mooring line 30 includes a stopper 31 that prevents the mooring line 30 from falling downward, and an anchor 26 from the stopper 31 as shown in FIG.
- a guide portion 32 provided on the side for guiding the mooring line 30 in a substantially vertical direction.
- the mooring line 30 is a main line such as a chain, a wire rope, a synthetic fiber rope or a rope combining these to hold the position of the floating body 10, a connecting tool such as a shackle, and an intermediate buoy or an intermediate sinker. Includes intermediate aids.
- the wind power generator 2 includes a rotating shaft 40 connected to a rotor 5 including a blade 3 and a hub 4, a generator 47 that generates electric power, and rotation of the rotating shaft 40.
- a drive train 41 that transmits energy to the generator 47 is included.
- the case where the drive train 41 and the generator 47 are arranged in the nacelle 6 is shown, but the place where these are arranged is not particularly limited. For example, at least one of them is the tower 8. It may be arranged on the side.
- the rotational energy of the rotor 5 that rotates by receiving wind is input to the power generator 47 via the drive train 41, and the power is generated by the power generator 47. Yes.
- the electric power generated by the generator 47 is sent to the submarine cable 50 via the power transmission line 52A wired in the nacelle 6 and the tower 8, and is transmitted to the power system (grid) via the submarine cable 50.
- the drive train 41 includes a hydraulic pump 42 attached to the rotary shaft 40 and a hydraulic motor 43 connected to the hydraulic pump 42 via a high pressure oil line 44 and a low pressure oil line 45.
- the hydraulic pump 42 is driven by the rotary shaft 40 to increase the pressure of the hydraulic oil and generate high-pressure hydraulic oil (pressure oil).
- pressure oil generated by the hydraulic pump 42 is supplied to the hydraulic motor 43 via the high-pressure oil line 44, and the hydraulic motor 43 is driven by this pressure oil.
- the low-pressure hydraulic oil after the work is performed by the hydraulic motor 43 is returned again to the hydraulic pump 42 via the low-pressure oil line 45.
- the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 43 is connected to the input shaft of the generator 47, and the rotation of the hydraulic motor 43 is input to the generator 47.
- a configuration using a hydraulic transmission is illustrated as the drive train 41.
- the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and other drive trains such as a gear type gearbox may be used.
- a configuration in which the rotary shaft 40 and the generator 47 are directly connected without the provision of 41 may be used.
- a pitch driving mechanism 49 for adjusting the pitch angle of the blade 3 is provided in the hub 4, a pitch driving mechanism 49 for adjusting the pitch angle of the blade 3 is provided.
- the pitch drive mechanism 49 adjusts the pitch angle of the blade 3 according to the wind speed during the operation of the wind power generator 2, or sets the pitch angle of the blade 3 to the feather side or when the wind power generator 2 is stopped or started. Adjust to the fine side.
- the pitch drive mechanism 49 may be provided for each blade 3, and in this case, the pitch angles of the plurality of blades 3 are controlled in conjunction with each other or independently.
- the wind power generator 2 is provided with various auxiliary machines.
- the auxiliary machine include an aviation obstacle light 60 installed on the upper portion of the nacelle 6, a route indicator light 62 installed on the platform 9, and a boost pump 48 installed in the nacelle 6.
- the boost pump 45 is provided for the purpose of maintaining the pressure of the low-pressure oil line 45.
- the boost pump 48 may be provided in a line connecting the low-pressure oil line 45 and a tank (not shown) for storing hydraulic oil.
- the floating wind turbine generator 1 has an internal power distribution network 51 that supplies power to the pitch drive mechanism 49, the boost pump 48, and various auxiliary machines of the wind power generator 2. is doing.
- the internal distribution network 51 includes a power transmission line 52A for sending the power generated by the generator 47 to the submarine cable 50, and a load line 52B connected to the power transmission line 52A.
- a switch 521 and a transformer 522 are provided in the power transmission line 52A.
- the generator 47 is connected to the submarine cable 50 via a switch 521 and a transformer 522 by a power transmission line 52A.
- the submarine cable 50 is provided between the floating wind power generator 1 and the substation 102.
- the submarine cable 50 may be connected to the grid 100 via the substation 102 and the submarine cable 103.
- the load line 52B is for connecting the load of the floating wind turbine generator 1 to the power transmission line 52A.
- the load line 52B is connected via a transformer 523 to a windmill control center (WTG.CC) 54, a nacelle control center (nacelle.CC) 56, a floating body control center (floating body.CC) 57, and an emergency control center ( Emergency CC) 58 is connected.
- WTG.CC windmill control center
- nacelle.CC nacelle control center
- floating body.CC floating body control center
- Emergency CC emergency control center
- the control center includes a circuit breaker for wiring, an electric switch, an electromagnetic contactor, a starting reactor, and the like, and controls power supply to each load.
- the windmill control center 54 distributes the electric power transmitted from the generator 47 via the load line 52B to the nacelle control center 56, the floating body control center 57, and the emergency control center 58 during the operation of the floating wind turbine generator 1. To do. Further, the windmill control center 54 may distribute the power transmitted from the grid 100 via the load line 52 ⁇ / b> B to the control centers 56, 57, 58 while the floating wind turbine generator 1 is stopped.
- the nacelle control center 56 is disposed in the nacelle 6 and controls the power supply of devices including the pitch drive mechanism 49. Further, a power source (not shown) such as a diesel generator may be connected to the nacelle control center 56. When power supply from the grid 100 or the generator 47 is impossible, the pitch drive mechanism 49 or the like is supplied from the power source. The power is supplied to the. Further, the nacelle control center 56 is configured to supply power to the pitch drive mechanism 49 and check the operation of the pitch drive mechanism when checking the operation of each device during maintenance.
- the floating body control center 57 is disposed in the lower part of the tower 8 or the floating body 10 and controls the power supply to the ballast pump 29.
- a power source 66 such as a diesel generator may be connected to the floating body control center 57. When power supply from the grid 100 or the generator 47 is impossible, power is supplied from the power source 66 to the ballast pump 29. It has become so.
- the power source 66 may be a temporary power source.
- the floating body control center 57 is configured to supply power to the ballast pump 29 and confirm the floating / sinking operation of the floating body 10 by operating the ballast pump 29 in checking the operation of each device during maintenance.
- the emergency control center 58 is disposed in the lower part of the tower 8 or in the floating body 10 and controls the power supply to various auxiliary equipment of the wind power generator 2 such as the air obstacle tower 60, the channel indicator light 62, the boost pump 48, and the like.
- a backup power source 64 such as a diesel generator may be connected to the emergency control center 57. When power supply from the grid 100 or the generator 47 is impossible, power is supplied from the backup power source 64 to various auxiliary machines. Is to be supplied.
- the backup power source 64 may be disposed in the lower part of the tower 8 or in the floating body 10. Further, a fuel tank 65 that supplies fuel to the backup power source 64 may be provided in the lower portion of the tower 8 or the floating body 10.
- the fuel tank 65 may have a capacity capable of storing fuel that can be continuously operated for several days (for example, about 10 days) in consideration of inaccessibility due to stormy weather at the sea after the loss of power of the wind power generator 2.
- the backup power source 64 may be a temporary power source.
- the emergency control center 58 supplies power to various auxiliary machines of the wind power generator 1 (for example, the aviation obstacle tower 60, the route indicator light 62, the boost pump 48, etc.) in the operation check of each device at the time of maintenance. And confirming the operation of these auxiliary machines. At that time, power is supplied from the backup power source 64 to the emergency control center 58, and fuel is supplied from the fuel tank 65 to the backup power source 64.
- FIGS. 5A to 5E are diagrams for explaining a maintenance method for a floating wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating a state in which the first floating wind turbine generator is separated from the mooring line.
- 5B is a diagram illustrating a state in which the first floating wind turbine generator is moved from the mooring position
- FIG. 5C is a diagram illustrating a state of maintenance work of the first floating wind turbine generator
- FIG. FIG. 5E is a diagram illustrating a state in which a mooring line is connected to the second floating wind power generator, in the following description.
- the wind turbine generator is referred to as a first floating wind turbine generator 1A, and the float wind turbine generator that does not have a maintenance target part is referred to as a second float wind turbine generator 1B.
- the first floating wind turbine generator 1 ⁇ / b> A and the second floating wind turbine generator 1 ⁇ / b> B may be the same.
- the first floating wind turbine generator 1A when performing maintenance on the first floating wind turbine generator 1A moored at the mooring position 200, first, the first floating wind turbine generator 1A is attached to the floating body 10A.
- the mooring line 30 and the submarine cable 50 are separated.
- the separation work may be performed using a crane or the like equipped on the work boat 202.
- the mooring line 30 and the submarine cable 50 separated from the floating body 10A are held by the floating body structure 204.
- the floating structure 204 is not particularly limited as long as it is a structure that floats on water, and may be a buoy, a hull, a mega float, or the like.
- FIG. 5B when the mooring line 30 and the submarine cable 50 connected to the floating body 10A are all disconnected and held in the floating structure 204, the floating wind power generator 1A is moved from the mooring position 200 to the maintenance place. Move towards.
- the maintenance place may be on the water (for example, coastal) or on the land (for example, dock) where the ambient environment conditions such as wind and waves are better than the mooring position. Thereby, the maintenance work can be performed in a stable work environment. Alternatively, maintenance may be performed in a state where the floating wind turbine generator 1A is in contact with the quay, thereby suppressing the shaking of the floating wind turbine generator 1A and forming a stable work environment. Examples of the maintenance work include repair and exchange of equipment constituting the wind power generator 2A, repair and exchange of equipment constituting the floating body 10A, repair and exchange of various auxiliary machines, and the like.
- the blade 3A of the first floating wind turbine generator 1A when the blade 3A of the first floating wind turbine generator 1A is replaced, as shown in FIG. 5C, the first floating wind turbine generator 1A is in contact with the quay as shown in FIG. 5C.
- the 1A blade 3A may be replaced.
- one blade 3A is suspended by the crane 210 disposed on land, and the other blade 3A is suspended and attached to the wind power generator 2A.
- the work efficiency can be improved and a large crane 210 can be used.
- the equipment constituting at least a part of the drive train is replaced with the first floating wind turbine generator 1A in contact with the quay. May be. In this case, as shown in FIG.
- the drive train includes a hydraulic transmission 42 including a hydraulic pump 42 and a hydraulic motor 43, and the replacement device is at least one of the hydraulic pump 42, the hydraulic motor 43, and the generator 47. It may be one.
- the work efficiency can be improved and a large crane 210 can be used.
- the second floating wind turbine generator 1B having no maintenance part is obtained.
- the second floating wind power generator 1B on which the maintenance work has been performed is moved to the mooring position 200.
- the mooring line 30 and the submarine cable 50 are removed from the floating structure 204 and connected to the floating body 10B of the second floating wind power generator 1B.
- the work of replacing the mooring line 30 and the submarine cable 50 from the floating structure 204 to the floating body 10B may be performed using a crane or the like equipped on the work boat 202.
- the first floating wind power generator 1A having the maintenance target part is moved from the mooring position, and the second floating wind power generator 1B having no maintenance target part is moved to the mooring position 200.
- a large-scale maintenance operation that is not suitable for the maintenance at the mooring position 200 of the wind turbine generator can be performed at another place. Therefore, the floating wind turbine generator 1 can be maintained regardless of the surrounding environmental conditions of the mooring position 200 of the wind turbine generator 1.
- the mooring line 30 and the submarine cable 50 are separated from the floating body 10A and are held by the floating structure 204, so that the second floating wind power generator is retained.
- the wind power generation system here is an aggregate of at least one floating wind power generation apparatus 1.
- FIGS. 6A to 6D are diagrams for explaining a maintenance method for the floating wind turbine generator
- FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating a state in which the first floating wind turbine generator is separated from the mooring line
- FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating the first floating body
- FIG. 6C is a diagram illustrating a state before replacement of the first floating wind power generator and the second floating wind power generator
- FIG. 6C is a diagram illustrating a state after replacement of the first floating wind power generator and the second floating wind power generator
- FIG. 6D is a diagram illustrating a maintenance work state of the first floating wind turbine generator.
- the mooring line 30 attached to the floating body 10A of the first floating wind power generator 1A. And the work of cutting off the submarine cable 50.
- the detached mooring line 30 and the submarine cable 50 are held by the floating structure 204.
- the first floating wind power generator 1A is maintained from the mooring position 200 to the maintenance place. Move towards. Further, when the first floating wind turbine generator 1A is moved from the mooring position 200, another second floating wind turbine generator 1B is moved to the mooring position 200.
- the second floating wind power generator 1B may be a wind power generator that has been maintained after use, or may be an unused wind power generator.
- the mooring line 30 and the submarine cable 50 are connected to the floating body 10B of the second floating wind power generator 1B.
- the first floating wind turbine generator 1A is moved from the mooring position 200
- another second floating wind turbine generator 1B is moved to the mooring position 200, so that the first floating wind turbine generator 1A Even during maintenance, the second floating wind turbine generator 1B can be operated. Therefore, the equipment operation rate of the wind power generation system can be improved.
- the maintenance place may be on the water (for example, the coast) or the land (for example, the dock) where the ambient environment conditions such as wind and waves are better than the mooring position 200.
- the maintenance work can be performed in a stable work environment.
- maintenance may be performed in a state where the floating wind turbine generator 1A is in contact with the quay, thereby suppressing the shaking of the floating wind turbine generator 1A and forming a stable work environment.
- the maintenance work is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG.
- the following configuration may be provided.
- the operation confirmation place may be on the water (for example, coastal area) or on the land (for example, dock) where the ambient environment conditions such as wind and waves are better than the mooring position 200.
- operation check can be performed under a stable work environment.
- the operation may be confirmed in a state where the second floating wind power generator 1B is in contact with the quay, thereby suppressing the shaking of the second floating wind power generator 1B and forming a stable working environment.
- Examples of the operation confirmation include confirmation of the floating operation of the floating body 10A, operation confirmation of each auxiliary machine, pitch operation confirmation of the blade 3B, and the like.
- the operation check is performed after moving the second floating wind turbine generator 1B to the mooring position 200, if there is a problem in the confirmation result, the second floating wind turbine generator 1B must be returned to the maintenance location again. Sometimes. Therefore, in the above embodiment, since the operation check is performed before the second floating wind turbine generator 1B is moved to the mooring position 200, the installation work of the second floating wind turbine generator 1B to the mooring position 200 is performed. Can be done efficiently. In addition, it is possible to confirm the operation in a more stable work environment such as a state where the surrounding environment conditions such as wind and waves are calmer than the mooring position on the water or on land, or in the state where the pier is attached to the quay. Therefore, the efficiency of the operation check work can be improved.
- the ballast pump 29 controlled by the floating body control center 57 is used to inject water into the ballast chamber of the floating body 10B and confirm the floating operation of the floating body 10B.
- the wind power generator 3 ⁇ / b> B may perform the up / down operation check with only the lower part of the tower 8 installed. That is, the tower 8 is configured by stacking a plurality of cylindrical tower sections. In that case, the floating operation of the floating body 10B may be performed in a state where only the lower tower section is installed on the floating body 10B.
- ballast pump 29 and the floating body control center 57 are provided in the lower part of the tower of the wind power generator 3A or the floating body 10A, confirmation of the floating operation of the floating body 10B can be performed even before the wind power generator 3B is completely assembled on the floating body 10B. It can be carried out. Further, since the floating operation of the floating body 10B of the wind power generator 3B can be confirmed before the second floating wind power generator 1B is moved to the mooring position 200, the second floating wind power generator 1B is moved to the mooring position 200. It is possible to prevent a situation in which the second floating wind power generator 1B is forced to re-locate to the maintenance place due to a problem of the floating operation of the floating body 10B after being installed.
- the operation can be confirmed in a work environment that is more stable than the mooring position 200, and the efficiency of the ups and downs operation confirmation work can be improved. Further, since the ballast pump 29 and the floating body control center 57 are provided in the lower part of the tower or the floating body of the wind power generator 3B, the floating operation of the floating body 10B is performed even before the wind power generator 3B is completely assembled on the floating body 10B. Confirmation can be made.
- the pitch drive mechanism 49 When confirming the operation of the pitch drive mechanism 49, power is supplied from the power source to the pitch drive mechanism 49 under the control of the nacelle control center 56 with the blade 3 and the nacelle 6 attached to the second floating wind power generator 1B. Then, it is confirmed whether or not the pitch drive mechanism 49 operates normally. Thereby, since the operation check of the pitch drive mechanism 49 can be performed before the second floating wind turbine generator 1B is moved to the mooring position 200, the second floating wind turbine generator 1B is installed at the mooring position 200. Thus, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the second floating wind power generator 1B is forced to re-locate to the maintenance place due to a defect in the pitch drive mechanism 49. Also, the operation of the pitch drive mechanism 49 can be confirmed in a work environment that is more stable than the mooring position 200, and the efficiency of the operation confirmation work can be improved.
- the power generation fuel is supplied from the fuel tank 65 to the backup power source 64, and it is confirmed whether or not the backup power source operates normally.
- the backup power source 64 since the operation check of the backup power source 64 can be performed before the second floating wind power generator 1B is moved to the mooring position 200, the second floating wind power generator 1B is installed at the mooring position 200. It is possible to prevent a situation in which the second floating wind power generator 1B is forced to move again to a maintenance place due to a failure of the backup power supply 64.
- the operation of the internal power distribution network 51 may be checked. For example, power is supplied to the switch 521 and the transformers 522 and 523 of the internal power distribution network 51 under the control of the emergency control center 58, and it is confirmed whether or not it operates normally. Thereby, since the operation check of the internal power distribution network 51 can be performed before the second floating wind turbine generator 1B is moved to the mooring position 200, the second floating wind turbine generator 1B is installed at the mooring position 200. Thus, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the second floating wind power generator 1B is forced to re-locate to the maintenance place due to a malfunction of the internal power distribution network 51. In addition, the operation check of the internal power distribution network 51 can be performed in a work environment that is more stable than the mooring position 200, and the efficiency of the operation check work can be improved.
- the first floating wind power generator 1 ⁇ / b> A is moved from the mooring position, and the second floating wind power generator 1 ⁇ / b> B not having the maintenance target site is moved to the mooring position 200.
- the maintenance of the floating wind turbine generator 1 can be performed regardless of the environmental conditions around the mooring position 200.
- the first floating wind power generator 1A is moved, the mooring line 30 and the cable 50 are separated from the floating body 10A and are held by the floating structure 204, whereby the second floating wind power generator 1B.
- the mooring line 30 and the cable 50 can be easily connected to the floating body.
Abstract
Description
なお、本明細書において、“浮体構造物”は、浮き及び水面に浮かぶ構造物を含む。また、“係留位置”は、風力発電装置の稼働時に浮体が係留される位置である。
また、第1浮体式風力発電装置を移動させる際に、浮体から係留ライン及びケーブルを切り離してこれらを浮体構造物に保持させておくことで、第2浮体式風力発電装置を係留する際に、係留ライン及びケーブルを容易に浮体に接続することができる。
なお、上記浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法において、第1浮体式風力発電装置及び第2浮体式風力発電装置は、同一でもよいし、異なってもよい。
このように、第1浮体式風力発電装置にメンテナンスを施した後、この風力発電装置を第2浮体式風力発電装置として係留位置に戻すことで、浮体式風力発電装置の代替機を前提とせずに風力発電システムを運用できる。すなわち、設備コストを抑えながら、風力発電システムの運営を行うことができる。なお、ここでいう風力発電システムとは、少なくとも一つの浮体式風力発電装置の集合体である。
このように、第1浮体式風力発電装置を係留位置から移動させた後、別の第2浮体式風力発電を係留位置に移動させることで、第1浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス中においても第2浮体式風力発電装置を稼働させることができる。よって、風力発電システムの設備稼働率を向上できる。
なお、上記実施形態において、第2浮体式風力発電装置は、使用後にメンテナンスが施された風力発電装置であってもよいし、未使用の風力発電装置であってもよい。
第2浮体式風力発電装置を係留位置に移動させてから動作確認を行うと、確認結果に問題があった場合、再度、第2浮体式風力発電装置をメンテナンス場所まで戻さなければならないことがある。そこで、上記実施形態では、第2浮体式風力発電装置を係留位置に移動させる前に動作確認を行うようにしたので、第2浮体式風力発電装置の係留位置への設置作業を効率的に行うことができる。
また、風や波浪等の周囲環境条件が係留位置より穏やかな水上又は陸上、あるいは岸壁に接岸させた状態のように、より安定した作業環境下で動作確認を行うことができる。よって、動作確認作業の効率化が図れる。
これにより、第2浮体式風力発電装置を係留位置に移動させる前に風力発電機の浮体の浮沈動作の確認を行うことができるので、第2浮体式風力発電装置を係留位置に設置した後で風力発電機の浮体の浮沈動作の不具合のために第2浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス場所への再移動を余儀なくされるといった事態を防止できる。また、係留位置よりも安定した作業環境下で動作確認を行うことができ、浮沈動作確認作業の効率化が図れる。
また、バラストポンプと浮体コントロールセンターは風力発電機のタワー下部又は浮体に設けられているため、浮体上に風力発電機が完全に組み上がる前であっても浮体の浮沈動作確認を行うことができる。ここで、風力発電機を浮体上に完全に組み上げた後に浮体の浮沈動作に異常が見つかった場合、風力発電機を部分的に分解する必要が生じることがある。これに対し、風力発電機を浮体上に完全に組み上げる前に浮体の浮沈動作確認を行えば、風力発電機の分解は最小限にとどめることができる。
これにより、第2浮体式風力発電装置を係留位置に移動させる前に風力発電機の補機の動作確認を行うことができるので、第2浮体式風力発電装置を係留位置に設置した後で風力発電機の補機の不具合のために第2浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス場所への再移動を余儀なくされるといった事態を防止できる。また、係留位置よりも安定した作業環境下で補機の動作確認を行うことができ、動作確認作業の効率化が図れる。
これにより、第2浮体式風力発電装置を係留位置に移動させる前にバックアップ電源の動作確認を行うことができるので、第2浮体式風力発電装置を係留位置に設置した後でバックアップ電源の不具合のために第2浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス場所への再移動を余儀なくされるといった事態を防止できる。また、係留位置よりも安定した作業環境下でバックアップ電源の動作確認を行うことができ、動作確認作業の効率化が図れる。
これにより、第2浮体式風力発電装置を係留位置に移動させる前に内部配電網の動作確認を行うことができるので、第2浮体式風力発電装置を係留位置に設置した後で内部配電網の不具合のために第2浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス場所への再移動を余儀なくされるといった事態を防止できる。また、係留位置よりも安定した作業環境下で内部配電網の動作確認を行うことができ、動作確認作業の効率化が図れる。
これにより、第2浮体式風力発電装置を係留位置に移動させる前にピッチ駆動機構の動作確認を行うことができるので、第2浮体式風力発電装置を係留位置に設置した後でピッチ駆動機構の不具合のために第2浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス場所への再移動を余儀なくされるといった事態を防止できる。また、係留位置よりも安定した作業環境下でピッチ駆動機構の動作確認を行うことができ、動作確認作業の効率化が図れる。
第1浮体式風力発電装置のブレードは長尺であるので、第1浮体式風力発電装置を岸壁に接岸させて浮体を安定させた状態でブレードの交換作業を行うことによって、作業効率を向上させることができ、また、大型のクレーンを用いることも可能となる。
第1浮体式風力発電装置のドライブトレインは大型で且つ重量が大きいので、第1浮体式風力発電装置を岸壁に接岸させて浮体を安定させた状態で、ドライブトレインの少なくとも一部を構成する機器の交換作業を行うことによって、作業効率を向上させることができ、また、大型のクレーンを用いることも可能となる。
また、第1浮体式風力発電装置を移動させる際に、浮体から係留ライン及びケーブルを切り離してこれらを浮体構造物に保持させておくことで、第2浮体式風力発電装置を係留する際に、係留ライン及びケーブルを容易に浮体に接続することができる。
なお、以下の説明では洋上に設けられた浮体式風力発電装置1を例示しているが、浮体式風力発電装置1の設置場所は洋上に限定されるものではなく、湖上や河川上等の水上であれば何れでもよい。また、本明細書では、浮体式風力発電装置1の一例として、セミサブ型の浮体10を有する浮体式風力発電装置1を示しているが、スパー型等の他の浮体を有する浮体式風力発電装置にも適用できる。
図1及び図2に示すように、浮体式風力発電装置1は、水面に浮かぶ浮体10と、浮体10上に立設された風力発電機2とを備えている。
なお、上記実施形態では、第1コラム12及び第2コラム14、第1コラム12及び第3コラム16をそれぞれ接続する連結部としてロワーハル20,22を例示したが、連結部はこれに限定されるものではない。浮体10の他の構成例として、第2コラム14と第3コラム16とを接続する第3のロワーハルを更に有してもよい。さらに他の構成例として、第1ロワーハル20と第2ロワーハル22とが、補強用の梁部材によって連結されていてもよい。
このような構成を有する風力発電機2においては、風を受けて回転するロータ5の回転エネルギーがドライブトレイン41を介して発電機47に入力され、発電機47で電力を生成するようになっている。発電機47で生成された電力は、ナセル6及びタワー8内に配線された送電ライン52Aを介して海底ケーブル50に送られ、海底ケーブル50を介して電力系統(グリッド)に送電される。
一実施形態において、ドライブトレイン41は、回転シャフト40に取り付けられた油圧ポンプ42と、高圧油ライン44及び低圧油ライン45を介して油圧ポンプ42に接続される油圧モータ43とを含んで構成される。油圧ポンプ42は、回転シャフト40によって駆動されて作動油を昇圧し、高圧の作動油(圧油)を生成する。油圧ポンプ42で生成された圧油は高圧油ライン44を介して油圧モータ43に供給され、この圧油によって油圧モータ43が駆動される。油圧モータ43で仕事をした後の低圧の作動油は、低圧油ライン45を経由して油圧ポンプ42に再び戻される。また、油圧モータ43の出力軸は発電機47の入力軸に接続されており、油圧モータ43の回転が発電機47に入力されるようになっている。なお、同図ではドライブトレイン41として油圧トランスミッションを用いた構成を例示したが、この構成に限定されるものではなく、ギヤ式増速機等の他のドライブトレインを用いてもよいし、ドライブトレイン41を設けずに、回転シャフト40と発電機47とを直結させた構成であってもよい。
幾つかの実施形態において、内部配電網51は、発電機47で生成した電力を海底ケーブル50に送るための送電ライン52Aと、送電ライン52Aに接続される負荷ライン52Bとを含む。
なお、海底ケーブル50は、浮体式風力発電装置1とサブステーション102との間に設けられる。また、海底ケーブル50は、サブステーション102及び海底ケーブル103を介してグリッド100に接続されてもよい。
以下の説明において、メンテナンス対象部位を有する浮体式風力発電装置を第1浮体式風力発電装置1Aと称し、メンテナンス対象部位を有しない浮体式風力発電装置を第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bと称する。図5に示す実施形態では、第1浮体式風力発電装置1Aと第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bは同一であってもよい。
そして、図5Bに示すように、浮体10Aに接続された係留ライン30及び海底ケーブル50を全て切り離し、これらを浮体構造物204に保持させたら、浮体式風力発電装置1Aを係留位置200からメンテナンス場所へ向けて移動させる。
また、第1浮体式風力発電装置1Aのドライブトレインの交換を行う場合においても、第1浮体式風力発電装置1Aを岸壁に接岸させた状態で、ドライブトレインの少なくとも一部を構成する機器を交換してもよい。その場合、図2に示すように、ドライブトレインは、油圧ポンプ42及び油圧モータ43によって構成される油圧トランスミッション42を含み、交換する機器は、油圧ポンプ42、油圧モータ43および発電機47の少なくとも一つであってもよい。このようにしてドライブトレイン41の交換作業を行うことで、作業効率を向上させることができるとともに、大型のクレーン210を用いることも可能となる。
上述ように第1浮体式風力発電装置1Aにメンテナンスを施すことによって、メンテナンス部位を有しない第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bが得られる。
また、第1浮体式風力発電装置1Aを移動させる際に、浮体10Aから係留ライン30及び海底ケーブル50を切り離してこれらを浮体構造物204に保持させておくことで、第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bを係留する際に、係留ライン30及び海底ケーブル50を容易に浮体に接続することができる。
さらに、第1浮体式風力発電装置1Aにメンテナンスを施した後、この風力発電装置を第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bとして係留位置に戻すことで、浮体式風力発電装置1の代替機を前提とせずに風力発電システムを運用できる。すなわち、設備コストを抑えながら、風力発電システムの運営を行うことができる。なお、ここでいう風力発電システムとは、少なくとも一つの浮体式風力発電装置1の集合体である。
そして、図5Bに示すように、浮体10Aに接続された係留ライン30及び海底ケーブル50を全て切り離し、浮体構造物204に保持させたら、第1浮体式風力発電装置1Aを係留位置200からメンテナンス場所へ向けて移動させる。さらに、第1浮体式風力発電装置1Aを係留位置200から移動させたら、別の第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bを係留位置200に移動させる。なお、第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bは、使用後にメンテナンスが施された風力発電装置であってもよいし、未使用の風力発電装置であってもよい。
メンテナンス作業後に、第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bを係留位置200に移動させる前に、動作確認場所で第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bの動作確認を行う。ここで、動作確認場所は、風や波浪等の周囲環境条件が係留位置200より良好な水上(例えば沿岸等)又は陸上(例えばドック等)であってもよい。これにより、安定した作業環境下で動作確認を行うことができる。あるいは、第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bを岸壁に接岸させた状態で動作確認してもよく、これにより第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bの動揺を抑制して、安定した作業環境を形成することができる。動作確認としては、例えば、浮体10Aの浮沈動作確認、各補機の動作確認、ブレード3Bのピッチ動作確認等が挙げられる。
また、風や波浪等の周囲環境条件が係留位置より穏やかな水上又は陸上、あるいは岸壁に接岸させた状態のように、より安定した作業環境下で動作確認を行うことができる。よって、動作確認作業の効率化が図れる。
浮体10Bの浮沈動作確認を行う場合、浮体コントロールセンタ57で制御されるバラストポンプ29を用いて、浮体10Bのバラスト室へ注水し、浮体10Bの浮沈動作を確認する。このとき、風力発電機3Bは、タワー8の下部のみが設置された状態で浮沈動作確認を行ってもよい。すなわち、タワー8は、円筒状の複数のタワーセクションが積み重ねられて構成される。その場合、浮体10Bの上に、下方のタワーセクションのみ設置された状態で、浮体10Bの浮沈動作を行ってもよい。バラストポンプ29と浮体コントロールセンタ57とは風力発電機3Aのタワー下部又は浮体10Aに設けられるので、浮体10B上に風力発電機3Bが完全に組み上がる前であっても浮体10Bの浮沈動作確認を行うことができる。
また、第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bを係留位置200に移動させる前に風力発電機3Bの浮体10Bの浮沈動作の確認を行うことができるので、第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bを係留位置200に設置した後で浮体10Bの浮沈動作の不具合のために第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bのメンテナンス場所への再移動を余儀なくされるといった事態を防止できる。また、係留位置200よりも安定した作業環境下で動作確認を行うことができ、浮沈動作確認作業の効率化が図れる。
また、バラストポンプ29と浮体コントロールセンター57は風力発電機3Bのタワー下部又は浮体に設けられているため、浮体10B上に風力発電機3Bが完全に組み上がる前であっても浮体10Bの浮沈動作確認を行うことができる。
これにより、第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bを係留位置200に移動させる前にピッチ駆動機構49の動作確認を行うことができるので、第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bを係留位置200に設置した後でピッチ駆動機構49の不具合のために第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bのメンテナンス場所への再移動を余儀なくされるといった事態を防止できる。また、係留位置200よりも安定した作業環境下でピッチ駆動機構49の動作確認を行うことができ、動作確認作業の効率化が図れる。
これにより、第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bを係留位置200に移動させる前に風力発電機3Bの補機の動作確認を行うことができるので、第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bを係留位置200に設置した後で風力発電機3Bの補機の不具合のために第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bのメンテナンス場所への再移動を余儀なくされるといった事態を防止できる。また、係留位置200よりも安定した作業環境下で補機の動作確認を行うことができ、動作確認作業の効率化が図れる。
これにより、第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bを係留位置200に移動させる前にバックアップ電源64の動作確認を行うことができるので、第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bを係留位置200に設置した後でバックアップ電源64の不具合のために第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bのメンテナンス場所への再移動を余儀なくされるといった事態を防止できる。また、係留位置200よりも安定した作業環境下でバックアップ電源の64動作確認を行うことができ、動作確認作業の効率化が図れる。
これにより、第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bを係留位置200に移動させる前に内部配電網51の動作確認を行うことができるので、第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bを係留位置200に設置した後で内部配電網51の不具合のために第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bのメンテナンス場所への再移動を余儀なくされるといった事態を防止できる。また、係留位置200よりも安定した作業環境下で内部配電網51の動作確認を行うことができ、動作確認作業の効率化が図れる。
また、第1浮体式風力発電装置1Aを移動させる際に、浮体10Aから係留ライン30及びケーブル50を切り離してこれらを浮体構造物204に保持させておくことで、第2浮体式風力発電装置1Bを係留する際に、係留ライン30及びケーブル50を容易に浮体に接続することができる。
2 風車
3 ブレード
4 ハブ
5 ロータ
6 ナセル
8 タワー
9 プラットホーム
10,10A,10B 浮体
12 第1コラム
14 第2コラム
16 第3コラム
20 第1ロワーハル
22 第2ロワーハル
30 係留ライン
26 アンカー
27 バラスト室
28 ポンプ室
29 バラストポンプ
30 係留ライン
31 ストッパ
32 ガイド部
40 回転シャフト
41 ドライブトレイン(油圧トランスミッション)
42 油圧ポンプ
43 油圧モータ
44 高圧油ライン
45 低圧油ライン
47 発電機
48 ブーストポンプ
49 ピッチ駆動機構
50,103 海底ケーブル
51 内部配電網
52A 送電ライン
52B 負荷ライン
54 風車コントロールセンタ(WTG.CC)
56 ナセルコントロールセンタ(ナセル.CC)
57 浮体コントロールセンタ(浮体.CC)
58 非常用コントロールセンタ(非常用.CC)
60 航空障害塔
62 航路標識灯
65 バックアップ電源
66 燃料タンク
66 電源
100 グリッド
200 係留位置
204 浮体構造物
521 開閉器
522,523 トランス
Claims (12)
- 係留ラインによって係留位置に係留された浮体上に風力発電機が設置され、前記風力発電機で生成した電力をケーブルに供給するように構成された浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法であって、
メンテナンス対象部位を有する第1浮体式風力発電装置の前記浮体から前記係留ライン及び前記ケーブルを切り離す切り離しステップと、
前記切り離しステップの後、前記係留ライン及び前記ケーブルを浮体構造物に保持させる保持ステップと、
前記切り離しステップの後、前記第1浮体式風力発電装置を前記係留位置から移動させる第1移動ステップと、
メンテナンス対象部位を有しない第2浮体式風力発電装置を前記係留位置に移動させる第2移動ステップと、
前記第2移動ステップの後、前記係留ライン及び前記ケーブルを前記浮体構造物から取り外し、前記第2浮体式風力発電装置に接続する接続ステップとを備えることを特徴とする浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法。 - 前記第1移動ステップの後、前記第1浮体式風力発電装置にメンテナンスを施し、前記第2浮体式風力発電装置を得るメンテナンスステップをさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法。
- 前記第2移動ステップでは、前記第1浮体式風力発電装置とは別の前記第2浮体式風力発電装置を前記係留位置に移動させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法。
- 前記第2移動ステップの前、動作確認場所において前記第2浮体式風力発電装置の動作確認を行う動作確認ステップをさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れか一項に記載の浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法。
- 前記浮体式風力発電装置は、前記浮体を浮沈させるためのバラストポンプと、前記バラストポンプを制御するための浮体コントロールセンターとを有し、
前記バラストポンプおよび前記浮体コントロールセンターは、前記風力発電機のタワー下部又は前記浮体に設置されており、
前記動作確認ステップでは、前記動作確認場所において、前記浮体コントロールセンターの制御下で電源から前記バラストポンプに電力を供給し、前記バラストポンプを作動させて前記浮体の浮沈動作を確認することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法。 - 前記浮体式風力発電装置は、前記風力発電機の補機と、前記補機を制御するための非常用コントロールセンターとを有し、
前記動作確認ステップでは、前記動作確認場所において、前記非常用コントロールセンターの制御下で電源から前記補機に電力を供給し、前記補機の動作確認を行うことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法。 - 前記電源は、非常時に前記浮体式風力発電装置の各部に電力を供給するためのバックアップ電源であり、
前記浮体式風力発電装置は、前記バックアップ電源に発電用燃料を供給するための燃料タンクを有し、
前記動作確認ステップでは、前記燃料タンクから前記発電用燃料を前記バックアップ電源に供給し、前記バックアップ電源の動作確認を行うことを特徴とする請求項5又は6に記載の浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法。 - 前記浮体式風力発電装置は、前記風力発電機の発電機と前記ケーブルとの間に設けられてトランス及び開閉器を含む内部配電網を有し、
前記動作確認ステップでは、前記動作確認場所において前記内部配電網の動作確認を行うことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法。 - 前記浮体式風力発電装置は、前記風力発電機のブレードのピッチ角を変更するためのピッチ駆動機構と、前記風力発電機のナセル内に設置されて前記ピッチ駆動機構を含む機器の制御を行うナセルコントロールセンターとを有し、
前記動作確認ステップでは、前記第2浮体式風力発電装置に前記ブレード及び前記ナセルを取り付けた状態で、前記ナセルコントロールセンターによる制御下で電源から前記ピッチ駆動機構に電力を供給し、前記ピッチ駆動機構の動作確認を行うことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法。 - 前記メンテナンスステップでは、前記第1浮体式風力発電装置を岸壁に接岸させた状態で、前記第1浮体式風力発電装置のブレードの交換を行うことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法。
- 前記メンテナンスステップでは、前記第1浮体式風力発電装置を岸壁に接岸させた状態で、前記第1浮体式風力発電装置のドライブトレインの少なくとも一部を構成する機器を交換することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法。
- 前記ドライブトレインは、油圧ポンプ及び油圧モータによって構成され、前記風力発電機のロータの回転エネルギーを発電機に伝達するための油圧トランスミッションを含み、
前記機器は、前記油圧ポンプ、前記油圧モータおよび前記発電機の少なくとも一つであることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法。
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EP13872167.5A EP2933181B1 (en) | 2013-01-21 | 2013-01-21 | Method for maintaining floating wind-power generation device |
JP2014557297A JP6215846B2 (ja) | 2013-01-21 | 2013-01-21 | 浮体式風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法 |
CN201380070900.7A CN105026251B (zh) | 2013-01-21 | 2013-01-21 | 浮体式风力发电装置的维护方法 |
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US14/760,903 US10041469B2 (en) | 2013-01-21 | 2013-01-21 | Method for maintaining floating-body type wind turbine power generating apparatus |
PT138721675T PT2933181T (pt) | 2013-01-21 | 2013-01-21 | Processo de manutenção de um dispositivo gerador de energia eólica flutuante |
DK13872167.5T DK2933181T3 (da) | 2013-01-21 | 2013-01-21 | Fremgangsmåde til vedligeholdelse af flydende indretning til generering af vindkraft |
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US10041469B2 (en) | 2018-08-07 |
JP6215846B2 (ja) | 2017-10-18 |
KR101809000B1 (ko) | 2017-12-13 |
KR20170087965A (ko) | 2017-07-31 |
EP2933181B1 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
US20160025064A1 (en) | 2016-01-28 |
CN105026251A (zh) | 2015-11-04 |
PT2933181T (pt) | 2018-02-26 |
DK2933181T3 (da) | 2018-01-29 |
KR20150091403A (ko) | 2015-08-10 |
JPWO2014112115A1 (ja) | 2017-01-19 |
EP2933181A1 (en) | 2015-10-21 |
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CN105026251B (zh) | 2018-08-31 |
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