WO2014106367A1 - 一种预制板及其固定安装结构 - Google Patents

一种预制板及其固定安装结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014106367A1
WO2014106367A1 PCT/CN2013/075557 CN2013075557W WO2014106367A1 WO 2014106367 A1 WO2014106367 A1 WO 2014106367A1 CN 2013075557 W CN2013075557 W CN 2013075557W WO 2014106367 A1 WO2014106367 A1 WO 2014106367A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
prefabricated
panel
frame
square tube
panels
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/075557
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张建忠
Original Assignee
Zhang Jianzhong
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhang Jianzhong filed Critical Zhang Jianzhong
Publication of WO2014106367A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014106367A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E04B2/58—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E04C2/384—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a metal frame
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
    • E04C2/521—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2463—Connections to foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2466—Details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2481—Details of wall panels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building material, and more particularly to a prefabricated panel for construction and a fixed mounting structure thereof.
  • a so-called structure is a planar or space system that can be subjected to a load (or load) by a plurality of members, i.e., a unit constituting a structure such as a beam, a plate, a column, or the like.
  • the building structure can be divided into concrete structure, masonry structure, steel structure, light steel structure, wood structure and combined structure, depending on the building materials used. However, only the structure does not allow the building to meet the most basic requirements of “wind sheltering and sheltering from the rain”. It is also necessary to add enclosures such as walls and roofs to the structure.
  • Steel structure house refers to the residential building with steel as the load-bearing beam column. Its advantages are as follows: 1. Light weight and high strength; 2. Good safety, vibration resistance and wind resistance; 3. Steel structural members are made in the factory. Reduce the on-site workload, shorten the construction period, and meet the industrial requirements; 4. Steel structural components are manufactured in the factory, with the advantages of reliable quality, accurate size, convenient installation and easy cooperation with related components; 5. Steel can be recycled, constructed and dismantled Less pollution to the environment.
  • the enclosure part is an important part of the steel structure housing, which is compatible with the development of steel structural members. It can be made at the factory and only needs to be assembled on site with the built steel structural members. The characteristics together.
  • One object of the present invention is to actively respond to the requirements of industrialization of buildings, and to provide a prefabricated panel that can be conveniently and quickly applied to walls, roofs, floors, and the like of steel structures for structural features of steel structural members.
  • the prefabricated panels can be made at the factory and assembled on site with structural members such as steel structures to form a retaining portion.
  • a prefabricated panel comprising a light steel frame and front and rear panels, wherein the light steel frame comprises left and right borders and upper and lower borders that are enclosed to form a square frame,
  • the left and right borders have a U-shaped cross section, and the U-shaped notches of the left and right borders are respectively disposed to the left and right, so that the prefabricated panels can pass through the left and right U-shaped notches.
  • the front and rear connecting arms of the left and right frames are respectively provided with mounting holes for screwing in to fix the prefabricated plate to the structural member;
  • the front plates are respectively laid on the light steel frame as the front and rear panels of the light steel frame, and the top and bottom surfaces of the upper and lower frames are exposed.
  • the front and rear plates are, for example, light-weight plates such as glass magnesium plates, cement fiber boards, 0SB boards, and gypsum boards.
  • the left and right edges of the front plate are respectively aligned with the vertical edges of the front connecting arms of the left and right frames, and the left and right edges of the rear plate are respectively perpendicular to the rear connecting arms of the left and right frames. Align.
  • the light steel frame further comprises a reinforcing bar of light steel material connected to the square frame, and the front and rear plates are fixed on the reinforcing rib.
  • the structure of the light steel frame can be made more stable on the one hand, and the outer square frame can have sufficient hole positions to be connected with the structural members on the other hand.
  • the reinforcing ribs respectively have front and rear connecting arms for fixing the front and rear plates, and the front and rear connecting arms of the reinforcing ribs are respectively provided with front and rear arm threaded holes, and the front plate is screwed with The engagement of the forearm threaded holes is fixed to the light steel frame, and the rear plate is fixed to the light steel frame by the cooperation of the screws and the rear arm threaded holes.
  • the reinforcing ribs are disposed parallel to the left and right borders, and the reinforcing ribs include Z-shaped reinforcing ribs and two U-shaped reinforcing ribs each having front and rear connecting arms, and two U-shaped reinforcing ribs respectively and left
  • the right frame is disposed back and back, and the Z-shaped rib is disposed between the two U-shaped ribs, and is fixedly connected to the upper and lower frames at both ends.
  • the light steel frame is provided with a passage for installing water and electric lines, and the inlet and the outlet of the passage are exposed.
  • the passage has a connecting wing which is threadedly coupled to the fixing block fixed to the inner surface of the rear panel by a screw passing through the connecting wing.
  • the light steel frame and the hollow portion between the front and rear plates are filled with a heat insulating material.
  • the heat insulating material is, for example, EPS, rock wool, glass wool, polyurethane foam or the like.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a fixed mounting structure for the above-described prefabricated panel.
  • the technical solution adopted by the invention is: a fixed installation structure of a prefabricated plate, wherein the two prefabricated plates are respectively inserted on the left and right sides of the square tube as the structural member, and are located on the left side of the square tube.
  • the side prefabricated panels are sequentially engaged with the corresponding threaded holes on the square tube through the mounting holes of the front connecting arms of the front panel and the right frame thereof by screws, and the rear connecting arms of the rear panel and the right frame are sequentially passed through the screws.
  • the hole is fixed to the square tube in cooperation with the corresponding threaded hole on the square tube; the right prefabricated plate on the right side of the square tube passes through the mounting hole and the square tube of the front connecting arm of the front panel and the left frame in turn through the screw
  • the corresponding threaded holes are matched, and the mounting holes of the rear connecting arms passing through the rear panel and the left frame are sequentially fixed to the square tube by matching with the corresponding threaded holes on the square tube.
  • a third object of the present invention is to provide a fixed mounting structure of another such prefabricated panel.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that two prefabricated panels are respectively inserted into the left and right sides of the square tube as the structural member, and the left prefabricated panels on the left side of the square tube are sequentially passed through the left side by screws.
  • the mounting holes of the front connecting arm of the front panel of the prefabricated panel and the right border of the left prefabricated panel are matched with the corresponding threaded holes on the square tube;
  • the right prefabricated panel located on the right side of the square tube passes through the right prefabricated panel in turn by screws
  • the mounting holes of the front connecting arm of the front panel of the front panel and the left side of the right prefabricated panel cooperate with the corresponding threaded holes on the square tube;
  • the outer side of the rear panel of the left and right prefabricated panels is provided with a fireproof decorative panel
  • the fixed installation structure of the fireproof decorative panel at the square tube is: the fireproof decorative panel passes through the fireproof decorative panel itself through screws, a mounting hole of the rear connecting arm of the left side prefabricated panel and the rear side of the left side prefabricated panel cooperates with a corresponding threaded hole on the square tube to be fixed to the square tube together with the left side prefabricated panel;
  • the decorative panel also passes through the fireproof decorative panel itself, the rear panel of the right prefabricated panel, and the mounting hole of the rear connecting arm of the left frame of the right prefabricated panel to cooperate with the corresponding threaded holes on the square tube, together with the right side prefabrication
  • the plates are fixed together on the square tube;
  • the fixed installation structure of the fireproof decorative panel at other parts is: the fireproof decorative board is fixed to the rear plate of the left side and the right side prefabricated plate by the action of the screw and the rear plate of the left and right side prefabricated plates.
  • the prefabricated panel of the present invention has a light steel frame built therein, and the outer structure of the skeleton is, for example, a glass magnesium plate, a cement fiber board, a 0SB board, by utilizing the technical principle of the "skin effect".
  • Lightweight panels, etc. exert a stronger performance than a single material, achieving a 1 + 1>2 effect; a light steel skeleton disposed inside the prefabricated panel is exposed around the prefabricated panel, thus, the prefabricated panel of the present invention
  • the existing steel structure connection technology such as bolting, welding, anchoring, etc., can be easily and effectively connected with the steel structure.
  • the prefabricated plate of the present invention is easy to be effective with the steel structure due to the use of the light steel frame. It is easy to connect, and through the mechanical properties of the plate itself, it is combined with the structure. Through reasonable setting, it can effectively replace the auxiliary members such as diagonal braces and tie rods in some steel structures.
  • the prefabricated panel of the present invention has the effects of heat insulation, heat insulation and sound insulation by filling the heat insulating material.
  • the modulus of the prefabricated panels of the present invention can be based on the usual width of the panels currently on the market, which reduces the cutting and waste of the panels.
  • the prefabricated panels of the present invention can realize the production of pipelines, and the welding of the light steel frames can be carried out by robot welding. The quality of the products is uniform and the force is clear, and all the lightweight panels are fixed by screws, which is convenient for factory production.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a light steel frame of a prefabricated panel according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the light steel frame shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of adding a passage for installing water and electric lines and a heat insulating material in the light steel frame shown in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 4 shows an embodiment of a prefabricated panel according to the invention
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the prefabricated panel shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the prefabricated panel shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 7 shows the installation structure of the passage of water and electric lines
  • Figure 8 shows a fixed mounting method of the prefabricated panel shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first assembly formed in accordance with the fixed mounting manner shown in Figure ;
  • Figure 10 shows the fixed mounting manner of the first assembly and the fireproof decorative panel shown in Figure 9;
  • FIG 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a second assembly body in accordance with the fixed mounting method shown in Figure 10;
  • Figure 12 is a view showing the effect of a plurality of prefabricated panels and a fireproof decorative panel fixedly mounted together.
  • the prefabricated panel of the present invention comprises a light steel frame 1 (also referred to as a lightweight steel frame) and front and rear panels 2a, 2b, which are enclosed together ( Can be welded together to form a square frame of the left and right borders l la, l ib and upper and lower borders 13a, 13b, the left and right borders l la, l ib cross-section is U-shaped, that is The left and right borders l la and l ib are U-shaped steel, and the U-shaped notches of the left and right borders l la and l ib are respectively arranged to the left and right, so that the prefabricated plate A can pass through the left and
  • the structural members (especially the rigid structural members) for fixing the prefabricated panels are inserted, and the front and rear connecting arms of the left and right frames l la, l ib (ie, the opposite side arms of the U-shaped steel are placed)
  • the front and rear plates 2a, 2b are respectively laid on the light steel frame 1 as the front and rear panels of the light steel frame 1, and the upper and lower frames are
  • the top and bottom surfaces of 13a, 13b are exposed, in addition, due to left, Border l la, l ib also exposed U-shaped notch, so that the entire light steel frame facilitates an efficient joined by welding, riveting and bolting or the like of the structural member.
  • the front and rear plates 2a, 2b are, for example, lightweight plates such as glass magnesium plates, cement fiber boards, 0SB boards, gypsum boards, and the like.
  • the above light steel frame and lightweight board adopt the definition of “Technical Regulations for Light Steel Structure Residence”, that is, the light steel frame refers to the small section hot-rolled H-beam, high-frequency welded H-beam, ordinary welded H-shaped or profiled section steel.
  • Cold rolled or hot rolled A pure frame or frame support structure consisting of square (circular, circular) steel tubes; lightweight panels are materials with a dry density less than half (including a small half) compared to conventional building materials (such as reinforced concrete).
  • the left and right edges of the front plate 2a can be respectively aligned with the vertical edges of the front connecting arms of the left and right frames l la, l ib
  • the left and right edges of the rear plate 2b can be respectively connected with the rear connecting arms of the left and right frames.
  • the vertical edges are aligned.
  • the front and rear panels 2a, 2b may also be extended or retracted with respect to the left and right frames l la, l ib.
  • the light steel frame 1 further includes reinforcing ribs 14 of light steel material connected to the square frame, so that the front and rear plates 2a, 2b can be fixed to the reinforcing ribs.
  • the reinforcing rib 14 may have front and rear connecting arms for fixing the front and rear plates 2a, 2b, respectively.
  • the front and rear connecting arms of the reinforcing rib 14 are respectively provided with threaded holes of the front and rear arms, so that the front plate 2a can pass
  • the screw and the forearm threaded hole are fixed to the light steel frame 1, and the rear plate 2b is fixed to the light steel frame 1 by the cooperation of the screw and the rear arm threaded hole.
  • the reinforcing ribs 14 may be arranged parallel to the left and right borders l la, l ib , and the reinforcing ribs 14 may comprise a Z-shaped pair each having a front and a rear connecting arm Ribs and two U-shaped ribs, two U-shaped ribs are respectively arranged and fixed with the left and right borders l la, l ib back to back (for example, by welding to the left and right borders l la, l ib)
  • the Z-shaped reinforcing ribs may be evenly disposed between the two U-shaped reinforcing ribs, and are fixedly connected to the upper and lower frames 13a, 13b at both ends, for example, by welding.
  • the light steel frame 1 can be provided with a passage 4 for installing water and electric lines, and the inlet and the outlet of the passage 4 are exposed, so that the construction site can be installed without breaking the wall.
  • Hydroelectric pipeline The installation structure of the pipe 4 may be:
  • the passage 4 has a connecting wing 42, and the passage 4 is screw-fitted through a through hole provided in the connecting wing 42 by a screw to a fixing block 41 fixed to the inner surface of the rear plate 2b.
  • the hollow portion between the light steel frame 1 and the front and rear panels 2a, 2b may be filled with a heat insulating material 3, for example, the heat insulating material 3 It is EPS, rock wool, glass wool, polyurethane foam, etc.
  • the hollow portion is a space space separated by the ribs.
  • the upper and lower frames 13a, 13b may be hollow square steel, that is, lightweight steel having a square cross section.
  • the fixed mounting structure of the prefabricated panel may be: two of the prefabricated panels A are respectively inserted into the square tube B on the left and right sides of the square tube B as a structural member, and are located at the left side of the square tube B.
  • the side left side prefabricated plate is sequentially passed through the front panel 2a of the left prefabricated panel and the mounting hole of the front connecting arm of the right side frame l ib of the left side prefabricated panel to cooperate with the corresponding threaded hole on the square tube B, and through The screw is sequentially passed through the rear panel 2b of the left prefabricated panel and the mounting hole of the rear connecting arm of the right side frame l ib of the left prefabricated panel to be fixed to the square tube B in cooperation with the corresponding threaded hole on the square tube B;
  • the right prefabricated plate on the right side of the square tube B passes through the front panel 2a of the right prefabricated panel and the left border of the right prefabricated panel in turn by screws.
  • the mounting hole of the front connecting arm of Ha cooperates with the corresponding threaded hole on the square tube B, and sequentially passes through the rear mounting plate 2b of the right prefabricated panel and the mounting hole of the rear connecting arm of the left bezel 11a of the right prefabricated panel by screws It is fixed to the square tube in cooperation with a corresponding threaded hole on the square tube B.
  • the fireproof decorative panel 5 may be laid on the prefabricated panel A. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the fireproof decorative panel 5 is disposed on the outer side of the rear panel 2b of the upper left and right side prefabricated panels.
  • the fixed installation structure of the fireproof decorative panel 5 at the square tube B may be: the fireproof decorative panel 5 passes through the fireproof decorative panel itself, the rear panel 2b of the left prefabricated panel A, and the right border of the left prefabricated panel through the screws on the left side.
  • the mounting hole of the rear connecting arm of ib cooperates with the corresponding threaded hole on the square tube B and is fixed to the square tube B together with the left prefabricated plate A; the fireproof decorative board 5 passes through the fireproof decoration in turn on the right side by screws
  • the plate itself, the rear panel 2b of the right prefabricated panel A, and the mounting hole of the rear connecting arm of the left bezel 11a of the right prefabricated panel cooperate with the corresponding threaded holes on the square tube B, and are fixed to the square tube together with the right prefabricated panel A.
  • the fireproof decorative panel 5 has a fixed mounting structure at other positions:
  • the fireproof decorative panel 5 is fixed to the rear panel 2b of the left and right prefabricated panels by the action of the screws with the rear panel 2b of the left and right prefabricated panels.
  • the fixed mounting structure of the fireproof decorative panel 5 is the same as described above.
  • the above fireproof decorative board 5 can use non-combustion materials such as ALC and cement fiber board to improve fireproofing ability.
  • non-combustion materials such as ALC and cement fiber board.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)

Abstract

一种预制板及其固定安装结构，该预制板包括轻钢框架（1）和前、后板材（2a、2b），轻钢框架包括围接在一起形成一方形框的左、右和上、下边框，左、右边框（11a、11b）的U型槽口分别朝左、右设置，使预制板可通过U型槽口与结构构件进行插接，左、右边框（11a、11b）的前、后连接臂上均设置有供螺钉穿入以将预制板固定于结构构件上的安装孔；前、后板材（2a、2b）分别作为轻钢框架（1）的前、后面板敷设于轻钢框架（1）上，且上、下边框（13a、13b）的顶面和底面外露。该预制板内置轻钢框架，利用"蒙皮效应"的技术原理骨架外敷设轻质板材，发挥出比单一材料更强的性能表现；预制板内部设置的轻钢骨架在预制板四周是裸露的，使预制板利用现有钢结构连接技术即可方便地同钢结构进行有效的连接。

Description

一种预制板及其固定安装结构 技术领域 本发明属于建筑用材料， 尤其涉及一种建筑用预制板及其固定安装结构。 背景技术 所谓结构， 是由若干构件， 即组成结构的单元如梁、 板、 柱等， 连接构成的能承受作 用（或称荷载）的平面或空间体系。建筑结构因所用的建筑材料不同，可分为混凝土结构、 砌体结构、 钢结构、 轻型钢结构、 木结构和组合结构等。 但是， 仅有结构还无法让建筑物 满足可以 "遮风、 避雨"这些最基本的要求， 还需要在结构的基础上增设围护部分， 如墙 体、 屋顶等。
钢结构住宅是指以钢作为建筑承重梁柱的住宅建筑， 其优点诸如： 1、 重量轻、 强度 高； 2、 安全可靠性、 抗震、 抗风性能好； 3、 钢结构构件在工厂制作， 减少现场工作量， 縮短施工工期， 符合产业化要求； 4、 钢结构构件在工厂制作， 具有质量可靠、 尺寸精确、 安装方便和易与相关部件配合的优点； 5、钢材可以回收， 建造和拆除时对环境污染较少。
以上优点中， "钢结构构件在工厂制作， 减少现场工作量， 縮短施工工期， 符合产业 化要求"是目前国际上最为先进的理念， 是世界各国均在追求的建筑产品的工业化生产。
为了积极响应建筑产业化的要求， 围护部分作为钢结构住宅的重要的一部分，要与钢 结构构件的发展相适应，具有可在工厂制作，只需到现场与搭建好的钢结构构件组装在一 起的特点。 发明内容 本发明的一个目的是积极响应建筑产业化的要求，针对钢结构构件的结构特点，提供 一种能够方便、快捷的应用于钢结构住宅的墙体、屋面、楼面等部位的预制板， 该预制板 可在工厂制作， 只需到现场与搭建好的例如是钢结构的结构构件组装在一起形成围护部 分。
本发明采用的技术方案为： 一种预制板， 包括轻钢框架和前、后板材， 所述轻钢框架 包括围接在一起形成一方形框的左、 右边框和上、 下边框， 所述左、 右边框的横截面为 U 型， 所述左、 右边框的 U型槽口分别朝左、 右设置， 使预制板可通过左、 右侧的 U型槽口 与用于固定预制板的结构构件进行插接， 所述左、右边框的前、后连接臂上均设置有供螺 钉穿入以将预制板固定于结构构件上的安装孔； 所述前、 后板材分别作为轻钢框架的前、 后面板敷设于轻钢框架上， 所述上、 下边框的顶面和底面外露。 该前、后板材例如是敷设 玻镁板、 水泥纤维板、 0SB板、 石膏板等轻质板材。
其中， 所述前板材的左、右边沿分别与左、右边框的前连接臂的竖向边沿对齐， 所述 后板材的左、 右边沿分别与左、 右边框的后连接臂的竖向边沿对齐。
其中， 所述轻钢框架还包括连接于方形框内的轻钢材质的加强筋， 所述前、后板材固 定于加强筋上。通过设置加强筋， 一方面可使轻钢框架的结构更加稳固， 另一方面可使外 露的方形框具有足够的孔位与结构构件连接。
其中， 所述加强筋具有分别用于固定前、 后板材的前、 后连接臂， 所述加强筋的前、 后连接臂上分别设置有前、后臂螺纹孔，所述前板材通过螺钉与前臂螺纹孔的配合固定于 轻钢框架上， 所述后板材通过螺钉与后臂螺纹孔的配合固定于轻钢框架上。
其中， 所述加强筋平行于所述左、右边框设置， 所述加强筋包括均具有前、后连接臂 的 Z型加强筋和两根 U型加强筋， 两根 U型加强筋分别与左、 右边框背靠背设置及固定， 所述 Z型加强筋设置于两根 U型加强筋之间， 并在两端分别与上、 下边框固连。
其中， 所述轻钢框架内设置有用于安装水、 电管线的通道， 所述通道的入口与出口外 露。
其中，所述通道具有连接翼，所述通道通过螺钉穿过连接翼与固定于后板材的内表面 上的固定块螺纹配合连接。
其中， 所述轻钢框架和前、后板材间的中空部位填充有保温隔热材料。所述保温隔热 材料例如是 EPS、 岩棉、 玻璃丝棉、 聚氨酯发泡等。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种上述预制板的固定安装结构。
本发明采用的技术方案为：一种预制板的固定安装结构，两块上述预制板分别在作为 所述结构构件的方管的左、右侧与方管对插，位于方管左侧的左侧预制板通过螺钉依次穿 过其前面板和右边框的前连接臂的安装孔与方管上的对应螺纹孔相配合，及通过螺钉依次 穿过其后面板和右边框的后连接臂的安装孔与方管上的对应螺纹孔相配合固定于所述方 管上;位于方管右侧的右侧预制板通过螺钉依次穿过其前面板和左边框的前连接臂的安装 孔与方管上的对应螺纹孔相配合，及通过螺钉依次穿过其后面板和左边框的后连接臂的安 装孔与方管上的对应螺纹孔相配合固定于所述方管上。
本发明的第三个目的是提供另一种上述预制板的固定安装结构。 本发明采用的技术方案为：两块预制板分别在作为所述结构构件的方管的左、右侧与 方管对插，位于方管左侧的左侧预制板通过螺钉依次穿过左侧预制板的前面板和左侧预制 板的右边框的前连接臂的安装孔与方管上的对应螺纹孔相配合；位于方管右侧的右侧预制 板通过螺钉依次穿过右侧预制板的前面板和右侧预制板的左边框的前连接臂的安装孔与 方管上的对应螺纹孔相配合；
所述左侧、右侧预制板的后面板的外侧设置有防火装饰板，所述防火装饰板在方管处 的固定安装结构为：所述防火装饰板通过螺钉依次穿过防火装饰板自身、左侧预制板的后 面板和左侧预制板的右边框的后连接臂的安装孔与方管上的对应螺纹孔相配合而连同左 侧预制板一起固定于所述方管上； 所述防火装饰板还通过螺钉依次穿过防火装饰板自身、 右侧预制板的后面板和右侧预制板的左边框的后连接臂的安装孔与方管上的对应螺纹孔 相配合而连同右侧预制板一起固定于所述方管上；
所述防火装饰板在其他部位的固定安装结构为：所述防火装饰板通过螺钉与左侧、右 侧预制板的后板材相作用而固定于左侧、 右侧预制板的后板材上。
本发明的有益效果为： 为保持与钢结构的材料同步， 本发明的预制板内置轻钢框架， 利用 "蒙皮效应"的技术原理， 骨架外敷设例如是玻镁板、 水泥纤维板、 0SB板等的轻质 板材， 发挥出比单一材料更强的性能表现， 实现 1 + 1〉2的效果； 预制板内部设置的轻钢 骨架， 在预制板四周是裸露的， 因此， 本发明的预制板利用现有的钢结构连接技术， 如螺 栓连接、 焊接、 锚固等， 可以非常方便地同钢结构进行有效的连接， 同时， 由于轻钢框架 的使用， 本发明的预制板便于与钢结构进行有效、便捷的连接， 并通过板材自身的力学性 能， 与结构体共同受力， 通过合理设置， 可以有效取代部分钢结构中的斜撑、 拉杆等辅助 构件。 本发明的预制板通过填充保温隔热材料使其具有保温、 隔热、 隔声的效果。
另外，本发明的预制板的模数尺寸可依据目前市场上常见的板材的通常宽度，这样可 以减少板材的裁切和浪费。本发明的预制板可以实现流水线生产，轻钢框架的焊接可以采 用机器人焊接， 产品质量均质、 受力明确， 所有轻质板材的固定均是螺丝固定， 便于工厂 化生产。
如果预制板外敷的板材自身具有防水性能，加上防水薄膜等构造措施，可以满足建筑 的防水、 防潮要求。 这样， 预制板表面敷设的前、 后板材和防火装饰板， 将轻钢骨架包裹 在内， 起到防火、 防水等密闭作用。 附图说明 图 1示出了根据本发明所述预制板的轻钢框架的一种实施结构；
图 2为图 1所示轻钢框架的分解示意图；
图 3为在图 1所示轻钢框架中增加用于安装水、 电管线的通道及保温隔热材料的结构 示意图；
图 4示出了根据本发明所述预制板的一种实施结构；
图 5为图 4所示预制板的横截面示意图；
图 6为图 4所示预制板的局部剖示意图；
图 7示出了水、 电管线的通道的安装结构；
图 8示出了图 4所示预制板的一种固定安装方式；
图 9为按照图 Ί所示固定安装方式组成的第一组合体的横截面示意图；
图 10示出了图 9所示第一组合体和防火装饰板的固定安装方式；
图 11为按照图 10所示的固定安装方式组成的第二组合体的横截面示意图； 图 12示出了多块预制板和防火装饰板固定安装在一起后的效果图。 具体实施方式 如图 1至 7所示， 本发明的预制板包括轻钢框架 1 (或者称之为轻型钢框架） 和前、 后板材 2a、 2b, 该轻钢框架 1包括围接在一起 （可通过焊接的方式围接在一起） 形成一 方形框的左、 右边框 l la、 l ib和上、 下边框 13a、 13b, 左、 右边框 l la、 l ib的横截面 为 U型， 即左、 右边框 l la、 l ib为 U型钢， 左、 右边框 l la、 l ib的 U型槽口分别朝左、 右设置， 使预制板 A可通过左、右侧的 U型槽口与用于固定预制板的结构构件（尤其是刚 结构构件） 进行插接， 左、 右边框 l la、 l ib的前、 后连接臂 （即 U型钢的相对设置的两 个侧臂） 上均设置有供螺钉穿入以将预制板 A 固定于结构构件上的安装孔； 前、 后板材 2a、 2b分别作为轻钢框架 1的前、后面板敷设于轻钢框架 1上， 并且上、下边框 13a、 13b 的顶面和底面外露， 另外， 由于左、 右边框 l la、 l ib的 U型槽口也外露， 使得整个轻钢 框架便于通过焊接、铆接及螺栓连接等方式与结构构件进行有效的连接。配合轻钢框架 1 的使用， 该前、 后板材 2a、 2b例如是玻镁板、 水泥纤维板、 0SB板、 石膏板等轻质板材。
以上轻钢框架和轻质板材采用《轻型钢结构住宅技术规程》的定义， 即轻钢框架是指 由小截面热轧 H型钢、高频焊接 H型钢、普通焊接 H型或异型截面的型钢、冷轧或热轧成 型的方（矩、 圆）形钢管组成的纯框架或框架支撑结构体系； 轻质板材是指相对于传统建 材 （如钢筋混凝土）， 其干密度小一半以上 （包括小一半） 的材料。
上述前板材 2a的左、右边沿可以分别与左、右边框 l la、 l ib的前连接臂的竖向边沿 对齐， 后板材 2b的左、右边沿可以分别与左、右边框的后连接臂的竖向边沿对齐。在此， 前、 后板材 2a、 2b也可以相对于左、 右边框 l la、 l ib外伸或縮进。
该轻钢框架 1还包括连接于方形框内的轻钢材质的加强筋 14， 使前、 后板材 2a、 2b 可以固定于加强筋上。该加强筋 14可具有分别用于固定前、后板材 2a、 2b的前、后连接 臂， 加强筋 14的前、后连接臂上分别设置有前、后臂螺纹孔， 使前板材 2a可通过螺钉与 前臂螺纹孔的配合固定于轻钢框架 1上， 并使后板材 2b可通过螺钉与后臂螺纹孔的配合 固定于轻钢框架 1上。
为了便于固定加强筋， 并使预制板具有更简单的结构， 该加强筋 14可平行于左、 右 边框 l la、 l ib设置， 而且加强筋 14可包括均具有前、 后连接臂的 Z型加强筋和两根 U 型加强筋， 两根 U型加强筋分别与左、 右边框 l la、 l ib背靠背设置及固定 （例如通过焊 接的方式固定于左、 右边框 l la、 l ib上）， Z型加强筋可均匀地设置于两根 U型加强筋之 间， 并在两端分别与上、 下边框 13a、 13b例如是通过焊接的方式固连。
如图 3、 6和 7所示， 该轻钢框架 1内可设置有用于安装水、 电管线的通道 4， 通道 4 的入口与出口外露， 这样， 在施工现场则无需破坏墙体即可安装水电管线。管道 4的安装 结构可以为： 该通道 4具有连接翼 42， 通道 4通过螺钉穿过连接翼 42上设置的通孔与固 定于后板材 2b的内表面上的固定块 41螺纹配合连接。
为了使本发明的预制板具有保温、 隔热及隔音的效果， 该轻钢框架 1 和前、 后板材 2a、 2b间的中空部位可填充有保温隔热材料 3， 该保温隔热材料 3例如是 EPS、 岩棉、 玻 璃丝棉、聚氨酯发泡等。对于设置有加强筋的实施例， 该中空部位为通过加强筋分隔开的 各空格空间。
上述上、 下边框 13a、 13b可以为中空的方钢， 即横截面为方形的轻质钢。
如图 8和 9所示，上述预制板的固定安装结构可以为：两块上述预制板 A分别在作为 结构构件的方管 B的左、右侧与方管 B对插，位于方管 B左侧的左侧预制板通过螺钉依次 穿过左侧预制板的前面板 2a和左侧预制板的右边框 l ib的前连接臂的安装孔与方管 B上 的对应螺纹孔相配合， 及通过螺钉依次穿过左侧预制板的后面板 2b和左侧预制板的右边 框 l ib的后连接臂的安装孔与方管 B上的对应螺纹孔相配合固定于所述方管 B上;位于方 管 B右侧的右侧预制板通过螺钉依次穿过右侧预制板的前面板 2a和右侧预制板的左边框 Ha的前连接臂的安装孔与方管 B上的对应螺纹孔相配合，及通过螺钉依次穿过右侧预制 板的后面板 2b和右侧预制板的左边框 11a的后连接臂的安装孔与方管 B上的对应螺纹孔 相配合固定于所述方管上。
为了减少内外墙装饰作业的工作量， 可以为预制板 A敷设防火装饰板 5， 如图 10和 11所示， 以上左侧、 右侧预制板的后面板 2b的外侧设置有防火装饰板 5， 防火装饰板 5 在方管 B处的固定安装结构可以为：防火装饰板 5在左侧通过螺钉依次穿过防火装饰板本 身、 左侧预制板 A的后面板 2b和左侧预制板的右边框 l ib的后连接臂的安装孔与方管 B 上的对应螺纹孔相配合而连同左侧预制板 A—起固定于方管 B上；防火装饰板 5在右侧通 过螺钉依次穿过防火装饰板本身、 右侧预制板 A的后面板 2b和右侧预制板的左边框 11a 的后连接臂的安装孔与方管 B上的对应螺纹孔相配合而连同右侧预制板 A固定于方管 B 上。防火装饰板 5在其他位置处的固定安装结构为： 防火装饰板 5通过螺钉与左侧、右侧 预制板的后板材 2b相作用而固定于左侧、右侧预制板的后板材 2b上。对于敷设防火装饰 板 5的固定安装结构，左侧、右侧预制板 A在前侧与方管 B的固定安装结构与上述方式相 同。
以上防火装饰板 5可以选用 ALC、 水泥纤维板等不燃烧材料， 以提高防火能力。 多块预制板 A及防火装饰板 5按照以上方式通过方钢 B拼装后的结构和效果如图 12 所示。
以上所述仅为本发明较佳的实施方式，并非用来限定本发明的实施范围，但凡在本发 明的保护范围内所做的等效变化及修饰， 皆应认为落入了本发明的保护范围内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种预制板， 其特征在于： 包括轻钢框架和前、 后板材， 所述轻钢框架包括围接在一 起形成一方形框的左、 右边框和上、 下边框， 所述左、 右边框的横截面为 U型， 所述 左、 右边框的 U型槽口分别朝左、 右设置， 使预制板可通过左、 右侧的 U型槽口与用 于固定预制板的结构构件进行插接， 所述左、 右边框的前、 后连接臂上均设置有供螺 钉穿入以将预制板固定于结构构件上的安装孔； 所述前、 后板材分别作为轻钢框架的 前、 后面板敷设于轻钢框架上， 所述上、 下边框的顶面和底面外露。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的预制板， 其特征在于： 所述前板材的左、 右边沿分别与左、 右 边框的前连接臂的竖向边沿对齐， 所述后板材的左、 右边沿分别与左、 右边框的后连 接臂的竖向边沿对齐。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的预制板， 其特征在于： 所述轻钢框架还包括连接于方形框内的 轻钢材质的加强筋， 所述前、 后板材固定于加强筋上。
4、 根据权利要求 4所述的预制板， 其特征在于： 所述加强筋具有分别用于固定前、 后板 材的前、 后连接臂， 所述加强筋的前、 后连接臂上分别设置有前、 后臂螺纹孔， 所述 前板材通过螺钉与前臂螺纹孔的配合固定于轻钢框架上， 所述后板材通过螺钉与后臂 螺纹孔的配合固定于轻钢框架上。
5、 根据权利要求 5所述的预制板， 其特征在于： 所述加强筋平行于所述左、右边框设置， 所述加强筋包括均具有前、 后连接臂的 Z型加强筋和两根 U型加强筋， 两根 U型加强 筋分别与左、右边框背靠背设置及固定，所述 Z型加强筋设置于两根 U型加强筋之间， 并在两端分别与上、 下边框固连。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的预制板， 其特征在于： 所述轻钢框架内设置有用于安装水、 电 管线的通道， 所述通道的入口与出口外露。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的预制板， 其特征在于： 所述通道具有连接翼， 所述通道通过螺 钉穿过连接翼与固定于后板材的内表面上的固定块螺纹配合连接。
8、 根据权利要求 1至 7中任一项所述的预制板， 其特征在于： 所述轻钢框架和前、 后板 材间的中空部位填充有保温隔热材料。
9、 根据权利要求 1至 7中任一项所述的预制板的固定安装结构， 其特征在于： 两块预制 板分别在作为所述结构构件的方管的左、 右侧与方管对插， 位于方管左侧的左侧预制 板通过螺钉依次穿过左侧预制板的前面板和左侧预制板的右边框的前连接臂的安装孔 与方管上的对应螺纹孔相配合， 及通过螺钉依次穿过左侧预制板的后面板和左侧预制 板的右边框的后连接臂的安装孔与方管上的对应螺纹孔相配合固定于所述方管上； 位 于方管右侧的右侧预制板通过螺钉依次穿过右侧预制板的前面板和右侧预制板的左边 框的前连接臂的安装孔与方管上的对应螺纹孔相配合， 及通过螺钉依次穿过右侧预制 板的后面板和右侧预制板的左边框的后连接臂的安装孔与方管上的对应螺纹孔相配合 固定于所述方管上。 、 根据权利要求 1至 7中任一项所述的预制板的固定安装结构， 其特征在于： 两块 预制板分别在作为所述结构构件的方管的左、 右侧与方管对插， 位于方管左侧的左侧 预制板通过螺钉依次穿过左侧预制板的前面板和左侧预制板的右边框的前连接臂的安 装孔与方管上的对应螺纹孔相配合； 位于方管右侧的右侧预制板通过螺钉依次穿过右 侧预制板的前面板和右侧预制板的左边框的前连接臂的安装孔与方管上的对应螺纹孔 相配合；
所述左侧、 右侧预制板的后面板的外侧设置有防火装饰板， 所述防火装饰板在方 管处的固定安装结构为： 所述防火装饰板通过螺钉依次穿过防火装饰板自身、 左侧预 制板的后面板和左侧预制板的右边框的后连接臂的安装孔与方管上的对应螺纹孔相配 合而连同左侧预制板一起固定于所述方管上； 所述防火装饰板还通过螺钉依次穿过防 火装饰板自身、 右侧预制板的后面板和右侧预制板的左边框的后连接臂的安装孔与方 管上的对应螺纹孔相配合而连同右侧预制板一起固定于所述方管上；
所述防火装饰板在其他部位的固定安装结构为:所述防火装饰板通过螺钉与左侧、 右侧预制板的后板材相作用而固定于左侧、 右侧预制板的后板材上。
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