WO2014094408A1 - 一种轮胎炼油方法和设备 - Google Patents

一种轮胎炼油方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014094408A1
WO2014094408A1 PCT/CN2013/075720 CN2013075720W WO2014094408A1 WO 2014094408 A1 WO2014094408 A1 WO 2014094408A1 CN 2013075720 W CN2013075720 W CN 2013075720W WO 2014094408 A1 WO2014094408 A1 WO 2014094408A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission channel
molten salt
channel
gas
container
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/075720
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡民宝
Original Assignee
高能集团控股有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 高能集团控股有限公司 filed Critical 高能集团控股有限公司
Priority to JP2015546808A priority Critical patent/JP5984032B2/ja
Priority to KR1020157017591A priority patent/KR101809941B1/ko
Priority to DK13865272.2T priority patent/DK2933316T3/en
Priority to EP13865272.2A priority patent/EP2933316B1/en
Priority to SG11201504672XA priority patent/SG11201504672XA/en
Priority to CA2894804A priority patent/CA2894804C/en
Priority to ES13865272.2T priority patent/ES2666140T3/es
Priority to AU2013362664A priority patent/AU2013362664B2/en
Publication of WO2014094408A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014094408A1/zh
Priority to IL239418A priority patent/IL239418B/en
Priority to US14/740,931 priority patent/US10184083B2/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B23/00—Other methods of heating coke ovens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B27/00—Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases
    • C10B27/02—Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases with outlets arranged at different levels in the chamber
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/18—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge
    • C10B47/26—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge with the aid of hot liquids, e.g. molten salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/28—Other processes
    • C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
    • C10B47/44—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B7/00—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven
    • C10B7/10—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven with conveyor-screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/002—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal in combination with oil conversion- or refining processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tire refining method and apparatus.
  • the refinery container of the waste tire refining equipment is usually heated by means of burning fuel, etc., because the temperature of the flame of the burning of fuel, coal, etc. is difficult to control, the high temperature generated by the tire tends to cause the tire to crack and generate gas, and the generated oil deteriorates. Therefore, not only is the oil production rate and quality low, but fuel combustion causes a lot of pollution to the environment.
  • the present invention provides a tire refining apparatus and method for improving the yield and quality of tire refining while reducing environmental pollution.
  • a tire refining device includes: a casing, an upper conveying passage, an upper conveying device, a lower conveying passage, a lower conveying device, a molten salt storage container, a heat transfer oil storage container, and the upper conveying passage is above the lower conveying passage,
  • the outer wall of the upper transmission channel and the lower transmission channel are sequentially provided with a molten salt liquid passage and a heat transfer oil passage
  • the upper transmission passage includes an upper transmission passage inlet and an upper transmission passage outlet
  • the lower transmission passage includes a lower transmission passage inlet and a lower transfer channel outlet, the upper transfer channel outlet being connected to the lower transfer channel inlet, the upper transfer device for transporting an object from the upper transfer channel inlet to the upper transfer channel outlet, and the lower transfer device for transporting the object from the lower transfer channel inlet to
  • the molten salt storage container is used for storing the heated molten salt liquid
  • the heated molten salt liquid is returned to the molten salt storage container through the molten salt liquid passage
  • the upper transmission channel and the lower transmission channel are U-shaped grooves with an opening upward, and the molten salt liquid channel and the heat transfer oil channel have a U-shaped cross section.
  • the top of the box body is provided with an oil and gas outlet port, and a feeding port protruding from the top of the box, and the first door and the second wide door are arranged on the passage of the feeding port.
  • the first pavilion is above the second wide door.
  • a gas condensing container comprising respectively disposed in the gas condensing a gas condensing vessel inlet, an uncondensed gas outlet, and a refinery outlet of the upper, middle, and bottom portions of the vessel
  • the gas vessel including a gas vessel inlet and a gas vessel outlet
  • the tank further including a tank disposed at a bottom of the tank
  • the gas inlet port is connected to the inlet of the gas condensation container
  • the oil refining outlet is connected to the oil refining container
  • the uncondensed gas outlet is connected to the gas container inlet
  • the gas container outlet is connected to the tank inlet port.
  • the shape of the upper and lower transport channels is cylindrical.
  • the air outlet holes are provided on the side walls of the upper transmission channel and the lower transmission channel.
  • the molten salt channel is inclined downward in the tank, that is, the height of the molten salt channel is gradually lowered, thereby facilitating the molten salt to flow out from the bottom.
  • the bracket further includes a bracket, the upper transmission channel, the upper transmission channel, the lower transmission channel, the lower transmission device, the molten salt liquid channel and the heat transfer oil channel are fixed on the bracket, and the bottom end of the bracket is provided wheel.
  • the invention also provides a tire refining method, which utilizes the tire refining device, comprising the following steps: a heat transfer oil circulation step: heating the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil storage container, and driving the heated heat transfer oil to flow through the heat transfer Returning to the heat transfer oil storage container after the oil passage;
  • the molten salt circulation step after the heat transfer oil circulation is set for a set time, the molten salt in the molten salt storage container is driven to flow through the molten salt liquid passage and then returned to the molten salt storage container;
  • the upper transport device transports the tire block in the upper transport channel from the upper transport channel inlet to the upper transport channel outlet
  • the lower transport device transports the tire block in the lower transport channel from the lower transport channel inlet to the lower transport channel outlet.
  • the method further includes the following steps:
  • the first pottery door is closed and the second valve is opened, and the tire block enters the tank.
  • the method further includes the step of pumping gas in the gas container into the tank inlet of the tank.
  • the gas in the tank is pumped into the gas condensing vessel, and the space inside the tank is in a vacuum state; the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt passage is 200 ° C to 400 ° C, and the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil passage Temperature is from 100 °C to 250 °C
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that: by using the heat source of the molten salt liquid passage of at least two transmission channels to heat crack the tire, the quality and output rate of the refining are improved, and gas pollution (including gas and exhaust gas, etc.) is not generated. ), and is more advanced than the existing tire refining equipment; at the same time, the use of the heat transfer oil passage to heat the molten salt passage avoids the solidification of the molten salt and blocks the molten salt passage, and even causes damage to the entire transmission passage.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tire refining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a transmission passage of a tire refining apparatus of an embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an upper and lower adjacent transmission passage of a tire refining apparatus of an embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of a casing of a tire refining apparatus of an embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a casing of a tire refining apparatus of an embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of a carriage-equipped transmission passage of a tire refining apparatus of an embodiment
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of the single transmission channel of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a side elevational view of Figure 7.
  • a tire refining apparatus of an embodiment includes a casing 1, an upper conveying passage 11, an upper conveying device 114, a lower conveying passage 12, a lower conveying device, a molten salt storage container 3, and a heat transfer oil storage.
  • the upper conveying channel 11 is above the lower conveying passage 12, and the outer wall of the upper conveying passage 11 is sequentially provided with a molten salt liquid passage 112 and a heat transfer oil passage 111.
  • the lower conveying passage 12 has a similar structure to the upper conveying passage 11, and the outer wall thereof Also, a molten salt liquid passage 122 and an upper heat transfer oil passage 121 are provided in this order, and the upper transfer passage 11 includes an upper transfer passage inlet 115 and an upper transfer passage outlet 116, and the lower transfer passage 12 includes a lower transfer passage inlet 126 and a lower transfer passage outlet 125,
  • the transmission channel outlet 116 is connected to the lower transmission channel inlet 126, and the upper transmission device 114 is used for the object (for example, the tire block after the used tire is shredded, and may also include a tire block which has been heated and cracked to some extent) from the upper transmission passage entrance.
  • the molten salt storage container 3 is used for heating the molten salt or the molten salt liquid, and the heated molten salt liquid passes through the molten salt liquid passage 112.
  • the heat transfer oil storage container 2 is used for heating the heat transfer oil, and the heated heat transfer oil is returned to the heat transfer oil storage container 2 through the heat transfer oil passage 111, and the upper transfer passage 11, the upper transfer device 114, and the lower transfer
  • the passage 12, the lower conveying means, the molten salt liquid passage 112, and the heat transfer oil passage 111 are disposed in the casing 1.
  • transmission channels there may be multiple transmission channels from top to bottom in the cabinet 1, depending on the specific production volume (for example, four transmission channels as shown in Fig. 1 can be set), in the adjacent two transmission channels: transmission at the top
  • the outlet of the passage is connected to the inlet of the transmission passage below, so that the material such as the tire block of the upper transmission passage falls into the transmission passage below under the force of gravity, and by setting a plurality of transmission passages, the tire block reaches the lowest position.
  • the transmission channel is fully heated and cracked, the refining rate of the tire block is improved, and the tire block can be continuously fed into the casing 1 for refining without interruption, thereby achieving continuous production, and fully utilizing the vertical space and saving The footprint of the device.
  • the transmission channel (transport channel 11, lower transmission channel 12, etc.) is a U-shaped groove with an opening upward
  • molten salt When the cross section of the liquid passage 112 and the heat transfer oil passage 111 is U-shaped, the tire block is heated and cracked during the movement, and the generated gas can be promptly and easily volatilized to reach the top of the tank 1, and also reduces the easy knot after cracking.
  • the probability that the tire of the block is attached to the inner wall of the conveying passage reduces the resistance of the conveying device (for example, the tire waste after cracking of the cylindrical conveying passage is easily attached to the inner wall of the conveying passage).
  • the shape of the transmission channel may also be a cylindrical shape, as shown in FIG. 6-8.
  • the cylindrical side wall is provided with an air outlet 117 to facilitate the gas generated by the cracking to overflow the transmission channel through the air outlet 117. , and enter the space inside the tank 1, and finally overflow from the oil and gas outlet 16. Since the temperature of the transport passage 11 is high during the cracking process, the side wall of the U-shaped transport passage may be restored to a flat plate shape, and the transport passage is formed into a cylindrical shape to avoid such a problem.
  • the transmission device 114 may be a screw type transmission as shown in Fig. 2, or may be other transmission means such as a belt.
  • the tank top 17 of the casing 1 is provided with an oil and gas outlet 16 and a feed port 15 protruding from the tank top 17.
  • the passage 153 of the inlet 15 is provided with a first valve 151 and a second wide door 152, the first valve 151 is above the second pottery door 152, below the feed port 15 is a transfer passage.
  • the tire refining apparatus further includes a gas condensing vessel 7, a gas container 4, an oil refining vessel 5, an oil refining vessel 5 and a gas condensing vessel 7, respectively at a lower portion and a higher portion, and the gas condensing vessel 7 is disposed at an upper portion of the gas condensing vessel 7, respectively.
  • the gas container 4 includes a gas container inlet and a gas container outlet
  • the tank 1 further includes a tank inlet port disposed at the bottom of the tank, the oil and gas
  • the gas outlet 16 is connected to the gas condensing vessel inlet 71
  • the refinery outlet 73 is connected to the refinery vessel 5
  • the uncondensed gas outlet 72 is connected to the gas vessel inlet
  • the gas vessel outlet is connected to the tank inlet.
  • the fore-stage gas condensing vessel 6 which has the same structure as the gas condensing vessel 7, and whose uncondensed gas outlet is connected to the gas condensing vessel inlet 71 of the gas condensing vessel 7.
  • a tire refining method of an embodiment, wherein the tire refining apparatus of the previous embodiment comprises the following steps: a heat transfer oil circulation step: heating the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil storage container 2, and driving the heated heat transfer oil through the heat transfer oil
  • the passage (including the heat transfer oil passage 111) is returned to the heat transfer oil storage container 2; the heat transfer oil storage container 2 stores heat transfer oil, and the heat transfer oil storage container 2 may be provided with an electric heater to heat the heat transfer oil, or may use other
  • the heating means heats the heat transfer oil, and the pump for driving the heat transfer oil can be installed at any position of the circulation passage. Of course, it is preferably installed outside the tank 1 and the heat transfer oil container 2.
  • Molten salt circulation step After the set time of the heat transfer oil circulation step (correspondingly, the molten salt channel reaches the corresponding temperature), the molten salt in the molten salt storage container is driven to flow through the molten salt channel (melting salt channel) 112) after returning to the molten salt storage container 3; because if the transfer channel is not sufficiently warmed up, the molten salt solution is driven to flow through the molten salt channel, It is easy to cause the molten salt to solidify and block the molten salt channel. In addition, for some reason, the heating source of the molten salt liquid suddenly fails and cannot be heated. At this time, the molten salt solution will not be allowed to be heated due to the heating of the heat transfer oil passage.
  • the molten salt of the channel solidifies and blocks (even the entire transfer channel is scrapped).
  • the molten salt storage container 3 may also be provided with a heater for heating the molten salt or the molten salt liquid, and the pump for driving the molten salt liquid may be installed at any position of the molten salt circulation passage. Of course, it is preferably installed in the tank 1 And the outside of the molten salt storage container 3.
  • the feed belt 14 can transport the tire block into the feed port 15 on the casing 1, at which time the second valve 152 is closed and the first wide door 151 is opened.
  • the tire block enters the passage 153 of the feed port 15; then, the first ceramic door 151 is closed and the second valve 152 is opened, and the tire block enters the transmission passage in the casing 1, and the transmission passage drives the tire block to move, so that It not only prevents the gas in the tank 1 from flowing out to pollute the environment, but also prevents the air from being carried into the high-temperature tank 1 by the tire block, and there is a risk: for example, the tire block falls into the upper transmission passage inlet 115, and the tire block is transported to the upper transmission.
  • the heat is gradually cracked (the heat source is a relatively stable heat source from the molten salt passage 112), and the generated gas passes through the notch 113 to the top of the tank 1, and enters the gas condensation from the oil and gas outlet 16 Container 7.
  • the incompletely cracked tire block falls from the upper transfer passage outlet 116 through the passage 13 into the lower transfer passage inlet 126 and continues to be transferred to the lower transfer passage outlet 126, where it continues to be thermally cracked until it is finally transferred to the tank 1 Tire slag outlet 18.
  • the space inside the casing 1 is evacuated to a vacuum, which not only utilizes the collection of gas generated by the cracking, but also prevents the risk of gas being combusted at high temperatures.
  • the gas generated by the cracking enters the gas condensing vessel 7, and a part of the gas is condensed and formed into oil, and flows out of the refinery outlet 7 into the refinery vessel 5, and a part of the uncondensed gas (containing a part of the macromolecular gas which can continue to be cracked (higher carbon content)
  • the gas molecule the small molecule gas cannot continue to crack
  • the gas in the gas container 4 is pumped into the inlet port of the tank at the bottom of the tank 1, and the gas is reheated and then further cracked, and then enters the oil gas outlet port 16.
  • the molten salt liquid passage 112 preferably has an angle ⁇ with the horizontal plane, so that when the heating source of the molten salt liquid suddenly fails and cannot be heated, the molten salt liquid can be easily removed from the molten salt liquid.
  • the lower end flows out.
  • the molten salt flows from the upper transfer passage 115 to the end flow to the outlet end 116 of the passage.
  • the respective molten salts are connected.
  • the liquid passage is inclined downward from the highest point in turn (that is, the height of the molten salt liquid passage is gradually decreased), so that when the power for driving the molten salt liquid is stopped, the molten salt liquid can be more easily sequentially from the highest molten salt liquid passage. It flows to the lowest molten salt channel and eventually flows out of the molten salt channel. Of course, even if the molten salt channel 112 is on a horizontal surface, the molten salt can flow out from the lowermost molten salt channel, but some molten salt channels may still have molten salt remaining, and molten salt solution may exist. The risk of damage to the molten salt channel after condensation. As shown in FIG. 6, one or more transmission channels may be fixed on the bracket 8.
  • the bottom of the bracket 8 may be provided with wheels 81.
  • the transmission channel that has been fixed on the bracket 8 is pushed into the casing 1 and needs to be During the maintenance, the support 8 is pushed out, that is, the transmission channel can be repaired or maintained, which is very convenient, and it is not necessary to enter the casing 1 to maintain these transmission channels.
  • At least two oil and gas outlets may be disposed at the top of the tank 1 : an oil and gas outlet 161 and an oil and gas outlet 162, when the pipeline and the container between one of the oil and gas outlets 161 to the refinery 5 need maintenance or During the repair, the oil and gas outlet 161 can be sealed, and the gas is discharged through the oil and gas outlet 162, so that the gas cracking in the tank 1 can be uninterrupted, thereby ensuring continuous gas production.
  • each gas and gas outlet to be equipped with a corresponding gas condensing vessel 7 and an oil refining vessel 5 and the like.
  • the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt channel is 200 ° C to 40 (TC, the tire starts to crack at 13 (TC), the experiment proves that the cracking temperature of the tire is most suitable at 315 ° C, the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil passage The temperature is from 100 ° C to 250 ° C.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)

Abstract

一种轮胎炼油方法和设备，该设备包括箱体（1）、上传输通道（11）、上传输装置（114）、下传输通道（12）、下传输装置、熔盐存储容器（3）、导热油存储容器（2）、上传输通道（11）在下传输通道（12）上方，上传输通道（11）和下传输通道（12）的外壁依次设有熔盐液通道（112）和导热油通道（111），上传输通道（11）包括上传输通道入口（115）和上传输通道出口（116），上传输装置（114）用于将物体从上传输通道入口（115）输送至上传输通道出口（116），下传输装置用于将物体从下传输通道入料（126）输送至下传输通道出口（125），加热后的熔盐液体经过熔盐液通道（112）后回流至熔盐存储容器（3），导热油存储容器（2）用于存储加热后的导热油，加热后的导热油经过导热油通道（111）回流至导热油存储容器（2）。所述上传输通道（11）、上传输装置（114）、下传输通道（12）、下传输装置、熔盐存储容器（3）和导热油存储容器（2）设置在箱体（1）内。

Description

说 明 书 一种轮胎炼油方法和设备
【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种轮胎炼油方法和设备。
【背景技术】
目前， 通常采用燃烧燃油等方法对废旧轮胎炼油设备的炼油容器进行加热， 由于 燃油、 煤炭等燃烧的火焰的温度难于控制， 其产生的高温容易致使轮胎裂解产生燃气、 以及产生的油出现变质， 因此， 不仅油的产出率和质量都较低， 而且燃料燃烧给环境 造成很大的污染。
【发明内容】
为了解决上述技术问题， 本发明提供了一种轮胎炼油设备和方法， 以提高轮胎炼 油的产出率和质量的同时， 减小对环境的污染。
一种轮胎炼油设备， 包括： 箱体、 上传输通道、 上传输装置、 下传输通道、 下传 输装置、 熔盐存储容器、 导热油存储容器， 所述上传输通道在所述下传输通道上方， 所述上传输通道和下传输通道的外壁依次设有熔盐液通道和导热油通道， 所述上传输 通道包括上传输通道入口和上传输通道出口， 所述下传输通道包括下传输通道入口和 下传输通道出口， 所述上传输通道出口与下传输通道入口连接， 上传输装置用于将物 体从上传输通道入口输送至上传输通道出口， 下传输装置用于将物体从下传输通道入 口输送至下传输通道出口， 熔盐存储容器用于存储加热后的熔盐液体， 加热后的熔盐 液体经过熔盐液通道后回流至熔盐存储容器， 导热油存储容器用于存储加热后的导热 油， 加热后的导热油经过导热油通道后回流至导热油存储容器， 所述上传输通道、 上 传输装置、 下传输通道、 下传输装置、 熔盐液通道和导热油通道设置在箱体内。
在更优的方案中， 所述上传输通道、 下传输通道是开口朝上的 U型槽， 所述熔盐 液通道和导热油通道的横截面呈 U型。
在更优的方案中， 所述箱体的箱顶设有油气出气口、 以及凸出箱顶的进料口， 所 述进料口的通道上设有第一阁门和第二阔门， 所述第一阁门在第二阔门的上方。
在更优的方案中， 还包括气体冷凝容器、 气体容器， 炼油容器， 所述炼油容器和 气体冷凝容器分别在较低处和较高处， 所述气体冷凝容器包括分别设置在所述气体冷 凝容器的上部、 中部和底部的气体冷凝容器入口、 未冷凝气体出口和炼油出口， 所述 气体容器包括气体容器入口和气体容器出口， 所述箱体还包括设置在箱体底部的箱体 入气口， 所述油气出气口与气体冷凝容器入口连接， 所述炼油出口与炼油容器连接， 所述未冷凝气体出口与气体容器入口连接，所述气体容器出口与所述箱体入气口连接。
在更优的方案中， 所述上传输通道和下传输通道的形状是圆柱形。
在更优的方案中， 所述上传输通道和下传输通道的侧壁上设有出气孔。
在更优的方案中， 在箱体内熔盐液通道向下倾斜， 即熔盐液通道的高度逐渐降低， 从而利于熔盐液从底部流出。
在更优的方案中， 还包括支架， 所述上传输通道、 上传输装置、 下传输通道、 下 传输装置、 熔盐液通道和导热油通道固定在支架上， 所述支架的底端设有轮子。
本发明还提供了一种轮胎炼油方法， 其利用所述的轮胎炼油设备， 包括如下步骤: 导热油循环歩骤： 加热导热油存储容器中的导热油， 并驱动加热后的导热油流过 导热油通道后回流至导热油存储容器；
熔盐液循环步骤： 在进行导热油循环歩骤设定时间后， 驱动熔盐存储容器内的熔 盐液流过熔盐液通道后回流至熔盐存储容器；
上传输装置将上传输通道内的轮胎块从上传输通道入口输送至上传输通道出口， 下传输装置将下传输通道内的轮胎块从下传输通道入口输送至下传输通道出口。
在更优的方案中， 其利用所述的轮胎炼油设备， 还包括如下步骤：
关闭第二 W门并打开第一 W门， 将轮胎块输送进所述进料口；
关闭第一陶门并打开第二阀门， 轮胎块进入箱体内。
在更优的方案中， 其利用所述的轮胎炼油设备， 还包括如下步骤- 将所述气体容器内的气体泵入所述箱体的箱体入气口。
在更优的方案中， 还包括如下步骤：
将箱体内的气体抽到气体冷凝容器中， 所述箱体内的空间处于真空状态； 熔盐液通道内的熔盐液的温度为 200 °C至 400 °C， 导热油通道内的导热油的温度为 100 °C至 250 °C„
本发明的有益效果是： 由于采用了至少两个传输通道的熔盐液通道的热源对轮胎 进行加热裂解， 提高了炼油的质量和产出率， 并且不会产生气体污染 （包括燃气和尾 气等），并且比现有的轮胎炼油设备要先进；同时采用导热油通道对熔盐液通道的加热， 避免了熔盐液凝固而阻塞熔盐液通道、 甚至导致整个传输通道损坏的情况。
【附图说明】 图 1是本发明一种实施例的轮胎炼油设备的示意图；
图 2是一种实施例的轮胎炼油设备的传输通道的示意图；
图 3是一种实施例的轮胎炼油设备的上、 下相邻的传输通道的剖面示意图； 图 4是一种实施例的轮胎炼油设备的箱体的局部示意图；
图 5是一种实施例的轮胎炼油设备的箱体的示意图；
图 6是一种实施例的轮胎炼油设备的带有支架的传输通道的示意图；
图 7是图 6的单个传输通道的立体示意图；
图 8是图 7的侧视示意图。
【具体实施方式】
以下将结合附图， 对本发明的具体实施例作进一步详细说明。
如图 1至 8所示， 一种实施例的轮胎炼油设备， 包括箱体 1、 上传输通道 11、 上 传输装置 114、 下传输通道 12、 下传输装置、 熔盐存储容器 3、 导热油存储容器 2， 上 传输通道 11在下传输通道 12的上方， 上传输通道 11的外壁依次设有熔盐液通道 112 和导热油通道 111，下传输通道 12与上传输通道 11有相似的结构，其外壁同样依次设 有熔盐液通道 122和导热油通道 121， 上传输通道 11包括上传输通道入口 115和上传 输通道出口 116， 下传输通道 12包括下传输通道入口 126和下传输通道出口 125， 上 传输通道出口 116与下传输通道入口 126连接， 上传输装置 114用于将物体 （例如废 旧轮胎被切碎后的轮胎块， 还可以包括经过一定程度加热裂解后的轮胎块） 从上传输 通道入口 115输送至上传输通道出口 116， 由于重力的作用，物体会掉进下传输通道入 口 126处， 而下传输装置将物体从下传输通道入口 126输送至下传输通道出口 125处， 熔盐存储容器 3用于加热熔盐或熔盐液体， 加热后的熔盐液体经过熔盐液通道 112后 回流至熔盐存储容器 3，导热油存储容器 2用于加热导热油，加热后的导热油经过导热 油通道 111后回流至导热油存储容器 2， 上传输通道 11、上传输装置 114、下传输通道 12、 下传输装置、 熔盐液通道 112和导热油通道 111设置在箱体 1内。
箱体 1内从上到下可以设有多个传输通道，视具体生产量而定（例如可以设定图 1 所示的 4个传输通道）， 相邻两个传输通道中： 在上方的传输通道的出口与在下方的传 输通道的入口连接， 这样， 在上方的传输通道的轮胎块等物料在重力作用下掉入在下 方的传输通道， 通过设置多个传输通道， 轮胎块到达最下方的传输通道时已经充分被 加热而裂解， 提高了轮胎块的炼油率， 并且可以不间断地连续将轮胎块送入箱体 1 内 进行炼油， 实现了连续生产， 而且充分利用了垂直空间、 节省了设备的占地面积。
尤其， 当传输通道（传输通道 11、 下传输通道 12等）是开口朝上的 U型槽、熔盐 液通道 112和导热油通道 111的横截面呈 U型时， 轮胎块在运动时被加热裂解， 产生 的气体能够及时、 容易挥发而到达箱体 1 的顶部， 并且， 也降低了裂解后容易结块的 轮胎附在传输通道的内壁的几率， 减小了传输装置的阻力 （例如， 圆柱形的传输通道 裂解后的轮胎废渣容易附在传输通道的内壁）。
当然， 传输通道的形状也可以是圆柱形， 如图 6-8所示， 此时， 圆柱形的侧壁上 开有出气孔 117， 以利于裂解产生的气体通过这些出气孔 117溢出传输通道 11， 而进 入箱体 1 内的空间， 并最终从油气出气口 16溢出。 由于裂解的过程中， 传输通道 11 的温度很高， U型的传输通道的侧壁壁有可能因此恢复成平板形状，而传输通道做成圆 柱形， 则避免了这种问题的出现。 传输装置 114可以采用如图 2所示的螺旋式传动装 置， 也可以采用诸如传动带等其他传动装置。
箱体 1的箱顶 17设有油气出气口 16、 以及凸出箱顶 17的进料口 15， 进料口 15 的通道 153上设有第一阀门 151和第二阔门 152，第一阀门 151在第二陶门 152的上方， 进料口 15下方是传输通道。
轮胎炼油设备还包括气体冷凝容器 7、 气体容器 4， 炼油容器 5， 炼油容器 5和气 体冷凝容器 7分别在较低处和较高处，气体冷凝容器 7包括分别设置在气体冷凝容器 7 的上部、 中部和底部的气体冷凝容器入口 71、 未冷凝气体出口 72和炼油出口 7， 气体 容器 4包括气体容器入口和气体容器出口， 箱体 1还包括设置在箱体底部的箱体入气 口， 油气出气口 16与气体冷凝容器入口 71连接， 炼油出口 73与炼油容器 5连接， 未 冷凝气体出口 72与气体容器入口连接， 气体容器出口与箱体入气口连接。 当然， 还可 以包括前级气体冷凝容器 6，其结构与气体冷凝容器 7相同，其未冷凝气体出口与气体 冷凝容器 7的气体冷凝容器入口 71连接。
一种实施例的轮胎炼油方法， 其前一实施例的轮胎炼油设备， 包括如下步骤： 导热油循环步骤： 加热导热油存储容器 2 中的导热油， 并驱动加热后的导热油流 过导热油通道 （包括导热油通道 111 ) 后回流至导热油存储容器 2; 导热油存储容器 2 中存储有导热油， 可以在导热油存储容器 2中设置电加热器对导热油进行加热， 也可 以利用其他加热手段对导热油进行加热， 驱动导热油流动的泵可以安装在循环通道的 任意位置， 当然， 最好是安装在箱体 1和导热油容器 2的外部。
熔盐液循环步骤： 在进行导热油循环步骤设定时间后 （相应地， 熔盐液通道达到 相应温度）， 驱动熔盐存储容器内的熔盐液流过熔盐液通道 （熔盐液通道 112) 后回流 至熔盐存储容器 3; 因为， 若传输通道没有充分预热， 即驱动熔盐液流过熔盐液通道， 很容易导致熔盐液遇冷凝固而阻塞熔盐液通道； 另外， 由于某些原因， 熔盐液的加热 源突然出现故障无法加热， 这时候由于导热油通道的加热也不会让熔盐液通道的熔盐 液凝固而阻塞（甚至让整个传输通道报废）。熔盐存储容器 3内也可以设置加热器对熔 盐或者熔盐液进行加热，驱动熔盐液流动的泵可以安装在熔盐液循环通道的任意位置， 当然， 最好是安装在箱体 1和熔盐存储容器 3的外部。
当熔盐液已经在所有熔盐液通道上流动时， 送料带 14可以将轮胎块输送至箱体 1 上的进料口 15内， 此时， 关闭第二阀门 152并打开第一阔门 151， 轮胎块进入进料口 15的通道 153内； 接着， 关闭第一陶门 151并打开第二阀门 152， 轮胎块进入箱体 1 内的传输通道内， 传输通道即带动轮胎块运动， 这样， 不仅防止箱体 1 内的气体流出 而污染环境， 也可以防止空气被轮胎块带入高温的箱体 1 内而存在风险： 例如， 轮胎 块掉入上传输通道入口 115，轮胎块被传送至上传输通道出口 116的过程中，受热逐渐 裂解 （热源为熔盐液通道 112发出的较为稳定的热源）， 产生的气体通过经过槽口 113 到达箱体 1的顶部， 并从油气出气口 16进入气体冷凝容器 7。 未完全裂解的轮胎块从 上传输通道出口 116经过通道 13掉入下传输通道入口 126， 并继续被传送至下传输通 道出口 126， 在这过程中继续受热裂解， 直至最后被传送到箱体 1的轮胎渣出口 18。
在将轮胎块送入箱体 1 内前， 将箱体 1 内的空间抽至真空， 这样不仅利用裂解产 生的气体的收集， 也防止气体在高温下遇到空气燃烧而带来的风险隐患。
裂解产生的气体进入气体冷凝容器 7， 一部分气体遇冷凝结成油， 从炼油出口 7 流出进入炼油容器 5，一部分未凝结的气体（包含一部分可以继续裂解的大分子气体 (含 碳量较高的气体分子）， 小分子气体则无法继续裂解） 进入气体容器 4。 将气体容器 4 内的气体泵入箱体 1 的底部的箱体入气口， 该气体被重新加热后继续裂解后， 进入油 气出气口 16。
如图 8所示， 对于传输通道 11， 其熔盐液通道 112最好与水平面有一个夹角 α， 从而当熔盐液的加热源突然出现故障无法加热时， 熔盐液可以较为容易地从较低一端 流出， 如图中熔盐液从上传输通道 115—端流向上传输通道出口 116—端， 如图 6所 示， 当整个轮胎炼油设备有多个传输通道时， 连通的各个熔盐液通道依次从最高处向 下倾斜（即熔盐液通道的高度逐渐降低）， 使得当驱动熔盐液流动的动力停止时， 熔盐 液可以较为容易地依次从最高处的熔盐液通道内流向最低的熔盐液通道， 并最终流出 熔盐液通道。 当然， 即使熔盐液通道 112处于水平面上， 熔盐液也可以从从最下方的 熔盐液通道流出， 但某些熔盐液通道内可能仍会残留有熔盐液， 而存在熔盐液冷凝后 熔盐液通道被损坏的危险。 如图 6所示， 一个或多个传输通道可以固定在支架 8上， 支架 8的底部可以设置 轮子 81， 装配时， 将已经固定在支架 8上的传输通道推入箱体 1内， 而需要维修时， 将支架 8推出， 即可以对传输通道进行维修或维护， 这样非常方便， 不需要进入箱体 1 内对这些传输通道进行维护。
如图 5所示， 箱体 1的顶部可以设置至少两个油气出气口： 油气出气口 161和油 气出气口 162，当其中一个油气出气口 161至炼油容器 5之间的管道和容器需要维护或 修理时， 可以将油气出气口 161封住， 而通过油气出气口 162出气， 从而可以不中断 箱体 1 内的气体裂解， 进而保证气体的连续生产。 当然， 这需要每个油气出气口都配 备有相应的气体冷凝容器 7和炼油容器 5等。
熔盐液通道内的熔盐液的温度为 200°C至 40(TC， 轮胎在 13(TC左右开始裂解， 实 验证明，轮胎的裂解温度在 315°C最适合，导热油通道内的导热油的温度为 100°C至 250 °C。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种轮胎炼油设备， 其特征是， 包括： 箱体、 上传输通道、 上传输装置、 下传 输通道、 下传输装置、 熔盐存储容器、 导热油存储容器， 所述上传输通道在所述下传 输通道上方， 所述上传输通道和下传输通道的外壁依次设有熔盐液通道和导热油通道， 所述上传输通道包括上传输通道入口和上传输通道出口， 所述下传输通道包括下传输 通道入口和下传输通道出口， 所述上传输通道出口与下传输通道入口连接， 上传输装 置用于将物体从上传输通道入口输送至上传输通道出口， 下传输装置用于将物体从下 传输通道入口输送至下传输通道出口， 熔盐存储容器用于存储加热后的熔盐液体， 加 热后的熔盐液体经过熔盐液通道后回流至熔盐存储容器， 导热油存储容器用于存储加 热后的导热油， 加热后的导热油经过导热油通道后回流至导热油存储容器， 所述上传 输通道、 上传输装置、 下传输通道、 下传输装置、 熔盐液通道和导热油通道设置在箱 体内。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的轮胎炼油设备， 其特征是： 所述上传输通道、 下传输通道 是开口朝上的 U型槽， 所述熔盐液通道和导热油通道的横截面呈 U型。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的轮胎炼油设备， 其特征是： 所述箱体的箱顶设有油气出气 口、 以及凸出箱顶的进料口， 所述进料口的通道上设有第一阔门和第二阀门， 所述第 一阔门在第二阀门的上方。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的轮胎炼油设备， 其特征是： 还包括气体冷凝容器、 气体容 器， 炼油容器， 所述炼油容器和气体冷凝容器分别在较低处和较高处， 所述气体冷凝 容器包括分别设置在所述气体冷凝容器的上部、 中部和底部的气体冷凝容器入口、 未 冷凝气体出口和炼油出口， 所述气体容器包括气体容器入口和气体容器出口， 所述油 气还包括设置在箱体底部的箱体入气口， 所述油气出气口与气体冷凝容器入口连接， 所述炼油出口与炼油容器连接， 所述未冷凝气体出口与气体容器入口连接， 所述气体 容器出口与所述箱体入气口连接。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的轮胎炼油设备， 其特征是： 所述上传输通道和下传输通道 的形状是圆柱形。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的轮胎炼油设备， 其特征是： 所述上传输通道和下传输通道 的侧壁上设有出气孔。
7、如权利要求 1所述的轮胎炼油设备，其特征是：在箱体内熔盐液通道向下倾斜。
8、如权利要求 1所述的轮胎炼油设备，其特征是： 还包括支架，所述上传输通道、 上传输装置、 下传输通道、 下传输装置、 熔盐液通道和导热油通道固定在支架上， 所 述支架的底端设有轮子。
9、 一种轮胎炼油方法， 其利用如权利要求 1所述的轮胎炼油设备， 其特征是， 包 括如下步骤：
导热油循环步骤： 加热导热油存储容器中的导热油， 并驱动加热后的导热油流过 导热油通道后回流至导热油存储容器；
熔盐液循环步骤： 在进行导热油循环步骤设定时间后， 驱动熔盐存储容器内的熔 盐液流过熔盐液通道后回流至熔盐存储容器；
上传输装置将上传输通道内的轮胎块从上传输通道入口输送至上传输通道出口， 下传输装置将下传输通道内的轮胎块从下传输通道入口输送至下传输通道出口。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的轮胎炼油方法， 其特征是： 其利用如权利要求 2所述的 轮胎炼油设备。
11、 如权利要求 9所述的轮胎炼油方法， 其特征是： 其利用如权利要求 3所述的 轮胎炼油设备， 还包括如下步骤：
关闭第二阁门并打开第一阔门， 将轮胎块输送进所述进料口；
关闭第一 W门并打开第二 W门， 轮胎块进入箱体内。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的轮胎炼油方法， 其特征是： 其利用如权利要求 4所述的 轮胎炼油设备， 还包括如下步骤：
将所述气体容器内的气体泵入所述箱体的箱体入气口。
13、 如权利要求 9至 12任一所述的轮胎炼油方法， 其特征是， 还包括如下步骤： 将箱体内的气体抽到气体冷凝容器中， 所述箱体内的空间处于真空状态； 熔盐液通道内的熔盐液的温度为 200°C至 400°C， 导热油通道内的导热油的温度为 100°C至 250°C。
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